JP2016534507A - 冷却液の浄化 - Google Patents
冷却液の浄化 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2016534507A JP2016534507A JP2016532735A JP2016532735A JP2016534507A JP 2016534507 A JP2016534507 A JP 2016534507A JP 2016532735 A JP2016532735 A JP 2016532735A JP 2016532735 A JP2016532735 A JP 2016532735A JP 2016534507 A JP2016534507 A JP 2016534507A
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- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 title description 9
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 231
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 161
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 153
- 238000002242 deionisation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000005949 ozonolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005495 cold plasma Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001332 colony forming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 hydrogen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001410 inorganic ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037427 ion transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M8/04044—Purification of heat exchange media
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/008—Control or steering systems not provided for elsewhere in subclass C02F
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/78—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with ozone
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- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M8/04358—Temperature; Ambient temperature of the coolant
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
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- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04417—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of the coolant
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0444—Concentration; Density
- H01M8/04447—Concentration; Density of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0444—Concentration; Density
- H01M8/04455—Concentration; Density of cathode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
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- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0444—Concentration; Density
- H01M8/04485—Concentration; Density of the coolant
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- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04544—Voltage
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
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- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04604—Power, energy, capacity or load
- H01M8/04626—Power, energy, capacity or load of auxiliary devices, e.g. batteries, capacitors
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/02—Non-contaminated water, e.g. for industrial water supply
- C02F2103/023—Water in cooling circuits
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/32—Details relating to UV-irradiation devices
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- C02F2201/3222—Units using UV-light emitting diodes [LED]
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- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/78—Details relating to ozone treatment devices
- C02F2201/782—Ozone generators
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F2209/23—O3
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- C02F2209/40—Liquid flow rate
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- C02F2209/44—Time
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Ion Exchange (AREA)
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- Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
コントローラは、燃料電池スタックからの冷却液の流れが脱イオン化装置を通過するのを防ぐように、脱イオン化装置と燃料電池スタックとの間に位置付けられる逆止弁の位置を制御することによって、燃料電池スタックへの冷却液流を制御するように構成され得る。
冷却液にオゾンを導入するように構成されるオゾン発生装置と、
燃料電池スタックに連結されるように構成される脱イオン化装置と、
脱イオン化装置と並列に配設されるバイパス管路と、
オゾン発生装置の動作状態に基づいて、脱イオン化装置またはバイパス管路のいずれかを通る燃料電池スタックへの冷却液の流れを制御するように構成される、コントローラと、を備える。
Claims (15)
- 燃料電池システムであって、
燃料電池スタックと、
前記燃料電池システムにおいて冷却液にオゾンを導入するように構成される、オゾン発生装置と、
前記燃料電池スタックに連結される脱イオン化装置と、
前記脱イオン化装置と並列に配設されるバイパス管路と、
前記オゾン発生装置の動作状態に基づいて、前記脱イオン化装置または前記バイパス管路のいずれかを通る前記燃料電池スタックへの前記冷却液の流れを制御するように構成される、コントローラと、を備える、前記燃料電池システム。 - 前記コントローラは、冷却液が、前記冷却液中のオゾンレベルが所定の閾値を上回ると判定される場合には前記バイパス管路を通過するように、そして冷却液が、前記冷却液中の前記オゾンレベルが所定の閾値を下回ると判定される場合には前記脱イオン化装置を通過するように、構成される、請求項1に記載の前記燃料電池システム。
- 前記コントローラは、
前記冷却液が、
前記オゾン発生装置が前記冷却液中にオゾンを導入するオゾン発生期間、及び
オゾン分解期間の間は前記バイパス管路を通過するように、前記燃料電池スタックへの前記冷却液流を制御するように構成される、請求項1または2のいずれかに記載の前記燃料電池システム。 - 前記コントローラは、冷却液が前記オゾン発生期間及び前記オゾン分解期間以外は前記脱イオン化装置を通過するように、前記燃料電池スタックへの前記冷却液流を制御するように構成される、請求項3に記載の前記燃料電池システム。
- 前記オゾン分解期間は、前記冷却液中のオゾンが閾値レベルを下回るオゾンレベルまで分解される期間である、請求項3または請求項4に記載の前記燃料電池システム。
- 前記オゾン分解期間は、前記オゾン発生期間の持続期間から決定される、請求項3〜5のいずれかに記載の前記燃料電池システム。
- 前記コントローラは、冷却液を前記脱イオン化装置または前記バイパス管路のいずれかを通して誘導するように弁の位置を制御することによって、前記燃料電池スタックへの前記冷却液流を制御するように構成される、請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の前記燃料電池システム。
- 前記脱イオン化装置及びバイパス管路を介して前記燃料電池スタックに連結される冷却液リザーバであって、オゾンを含有する冷却液を受容するように構成される、冷却液リザーバを備える、請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の前記燃料電池システム。
- 前記コントローラは、オゾン発生装置に、前記冷却液中にオゾンを周期的に導入させるように構成される、請求項1〜8のいずれかに記載の前記燃料電池システム。
- 前記コントローラは、前記オゾン発生装置に、
前記冷却液中の細菌レベル、
冷却液レベル、
冷却液温度、
冷却液圧力、
燃料電池スタック動作パラメータ
スタック電圧、
前記燃料電池システムにおける燃料のレベル、及び
前記燃料電池システムにおける酸化剤のレベルのうちの1つ以上に基づいて、前記冷却液中にオゾンを動的に導入させるように構成される、請求項1〜9のいずれかに記載の前記燃料電池システム。 - 前記冷却液は、水である、請求項1〜10のいずれかに記載の前記燃料電池システム。
- 前記コントローラは、前記燃料電池スタックからの前記冷却液の流れが前記脱イオン化装置を通過するのを防ぐように、前記脱イオン化装置と前記燃料電池スタックとの間に位置付けられる逆止弁の位置を制御することによって、前記燃料電池スタックへの前記冷却液流を制御するように構成される、請求項1〜11のいずれかに記載の前記燃料電池システム。
- 前記コントローラは、前記燃料電池スタックからの前記冷却液の流れが前記バイパス管路を通過するのを防ぐように、前記バイパス管路と前記燃料電池スタックとの間に位置付けられる逆止弁の位置を制御することによって、前記燃料電池スタックへの前記冷却液流を制御するように構成される、請求項1〜12のいずれかに記載の前記燃料電池システム。
- 前記燃料電池システムは、前記冷却液が前記燃料電池スタックに到達する前に冷却液を照射するように構成される紫外線光源を備える、請求項1〜13のいずれかに記載の前記燃料電池システム。
- 請求項1〜14のいずれかに記載の前記燃料電池システムを備える、車両。
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GB1314217.9A GB2516957A (en) | 2013-08-08 | 2013-08-08 | Coolant purification |
PCT/GB2014/052411 WO2015019088A1 (en) | 2013-08-08 | 2014-08-06 | Coolant purification |
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US10218009B2 (en) | 2019-02-26 |
CN105556722B (zh) | 2019-08-02 |
EP3031094B1 (en) | 2017-07-19 |
US20200321636A1 (en) | 2020-10-08 |
US20190165388A1 (en) | 2019-05-30 |
CN107579265B (zh) | 2021-02-23 |
US20160197364A1 (en) | 2016-07-07 |
JP6352417B2 (ja) | 2018-07-04 |
GB2516957A (en) | 2015-02-11 |
WO2015019088A1 (en) | 2015-02-12 |
US10693155B2 (en) | 2020-06-23 |
EP3031094A1 (en) | 2016-06-15 |
CN107579265A (zh) | 2018-01-12 |
CN105556722A (zh) | 2016-05-04 |
GB201314217D0 (en) | 2013-09-25 |
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