JP2016051361A - Light extinction type smoke sensor - Google Patents

Light extinction type smoke sensor Download PDF

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JP2016051361A
JP2016051361A JP2014176850A JP2014176850A JP2016051361A JP 2016051361 A JP2016051361 A JP 2016051361A JP 2014176850 A JP2014176850 A JP 2014176850A JP 2014176850 A JP2014176850 A JP 2014176850A JP 2016051361 A JP2016051361 A JP 2016051361A
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light
labyrinth
piece
emitting element
transmitter
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JP6525236B2 (en
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加藤　健一
Kenichi Kato
健一 加藤
陽介 脇野
Yosuke Wakino
陽介 脇野
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Nohmi Bosai Ltd
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Nohmi Bosai Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a light extinction type smoke sensor that can be operated accurately during a long period of time while preventing contamination.SOLUTION: A light extinction type smoke sensor 1 includes: a light transmitter 2 that includes a light emitting element 7a and a light receiver 3 that includes a light receiving element 8a, and in which the light transmitter 2 and the light receiver 3 are disposed opposed to each other. In the light transmitter 2 and the light receiver 3, labyrinth portions 10 are provided in front of the light emitting element 7a and the light receiving element 8a. The labyrinth portions 10 are formed by connecting a plurality of labyrinth pieces having a bottomed cylindrical shape, and to flat plate portion 2 provided to the labyrinth portions 10, small holes are provided.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

本発明は、減光式煙検知器に関し、特に送光器と受光器とが分離され、所定の間隔をおいて対向配置される減光式煙検知器に関する。   The present invention relates to a light-reducing smoke detector, and more particularly, to a light-reducing smoke detector in which a light transmitter and a light receiver are separated and arranged to face each other at a predetermined interval.

一般的に、トンネルに取り付ける火災検出手段は、炎の独特の波長を捉えて火災を検出する炎感知器であることが多い（特許文献１参照）。しかし、例えば、鉄道用トンネルにおいては、火災が列車の貨物内で発生する可能性があり、貨物内で発生している火災は、炎感知器では検出することができない。そのような場合を想定し、トンネルには炎感知器だけではなく、さらに煙検出手段を備えることも考えられる。   Generally, the fire detection means attached to the tunnel is often a flame detector that detects a fire by capturing a unique wavelength of the flame (see Patent Document 1). However, for example, in a railway tunnel, a fire may occur in the cargo of a train, and the fire occurring in the cargo cannot be detected by a flame detector. In such a case, it is conceivable that the tunnel includes not only a flame detector but also smoke detection means.

大空間に取り付ける煙検出手段としては、光電式分離型感知器があるが、光電式分離型感知器は、送光器と受光器とを分離して配置し、送光器と受光器との光軸を調整する必要があり、光軸がずれると、煙を検出することができなくなる（特許文献２参照）。このような光電式分離型感知器をトンネルに取り付けた場合、トンネル内を通過する自動車や列車の振動によって、光電式分離型感知器の光軸がずれる可能性があるため、トンネルに光電式分離型感知器を取り付けることは現実的ではない。
そこで、トンネルには、送光器と受光器とが分離して配置され、かつ光軸が固定されている減光式煙検知器を設けることが考えられる（特許文献３参照）。 As a smoke detection means to be installed in a large space, there is a photoelectric separation type sensor, but the photoelectric separation type sensor is arranged by separating the light transmitter and the light receiver, and the light transmitter and the light receiver are separated. It is necessary to adjust the optical axis, and if the optical axis is shifted, smoke cannot be detected (see Patent Document 2). When such a photoelectric separation type sensor is attached to a tunnel, the optical axis of the photoelectric separation type sensor may shift due to the vibration of a car or train passing through the tunnel. Installing a type sensor is not practical.
In view of this, it is conceivable to provide a light-reducing smoke detector in which a light transmitter and a light receiver are arranged separately in the tunnel and the optical axis is fixed (see Patent Document 3).

特開２００２−１９７５８０号公報JP 2002-197580 A 実開平０６−０３７９８８号公報Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 06-037988 実開平０３−０７０７００号公報Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 03-070700

しかし、トンネル内は汚損物質が多く浮遊しているため、特許文献３のような減光式煙検知器では、送光器と受光器とを枠体で固定しているだけなので、送光器の発光素子及び受光器の受光素子の正面に設けられる透光性窓等がすぐに汚損してしまう。その結果、煙を正確に検出することができなくなる。また、正常に煙の検出をさせるために、減光式煙検知器の清掃をこまめに行う必要がある。   However, since many pollutants are floating in the tunnel, the light-reducing smoke detector as in Patent Document 3 only fixes the light transmitter and the light receiver with a frame. The light-transmitting window and the like provided in front of the light-emitting element and the light-receiving element of the light receiver are easily soiled. As a result, smoke cannot be detected accurately. Moreover, in order to detect smoke normally, it is necessary to clean the dimming smoke detector frequently.

本発明は、上記のような課題を背景としてなされたもので、汚損を抑え、長い期間、正確に動作する減光式煙検知器を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made against the background of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a dimming smoke detector that suppresses contamination and operates accurately for a long period of time.

本発明は、発光素子を備える送光器と、受光素子を備える受光器と、を備え、送光器と受光器とが対向配置される減光式煙検知器において、送光器及び受光器は、発光素子及び受光素子の正面に、ラビリンス部を設けることを特徴とするものである。   The present invention includes a light transmitter including a light emitting element and a light receiver including a light receiving element, wherein the light transmitter and the light receiver include a light transmitter and a light receiver. Is characterized in that a labyrinth portion is provided in front of the light emitting element and the light receiving element.

本発明の減光式煙検知器は、発光素子及び受光素子の正面にラビリンス部を設けるので、減光式煙検知器の汚損を抑制し、長い期間、正確に動作させることができる。   Since the dimming smoke detector of the present invention is provided with a labyrinth portion in front of the light emitting element and the light receiving element, it is possible to suppress the contamination of the dimming smoke detector and operate it accurately for a long period.

実施の形態に係る減光式煙検知器１を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the light reduction type smoke detector 1 which concerns on embodiment. 実施の形態に係る減光式煙検知器１を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the light reduction type smoke detector 1 which concerns on embodiment. 実施の形態に係る減光式煙検知器１の送光器２の分解斜視図である。It is a disassembled perspective view of the light transmitter 2 of the light reduction type smoke detector 1 which concerns on embodiment. 実施の形態に係る減光式煙検知器１の第１ラビリンス片２０の正面の形状を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the shape of the front of the 1st labyrinth piece 20 of the light reduction type | mold smoke detector 1 which concerns on embodiment. 実施の形態に係る減光式煙検知器１の第１ラビリンス片２０の背面の形状を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the shape of the back surface of the 1st labyrinth piece 20 of the light reduction type | mold smoke detector 1 which concerns on embodiment. 実施の形態に係る減光式煙検知器１の第２ラビリンス片３０の正面の形状を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the shape of the front of the 2nd labyrinth piece 30 of the light reduction type smoke detector 1 which concerns on embodiment. 実施の形態に係る減光式煙検知器１の第２ラビリンス片３０の背面の形状を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the shape of the back surface of the 2nd labyrinth piece 30 of the light reduction type smoke detector 1 which concerns on embodiment.

以下、本発明に係る減光式煙検知器１の実施の形態について、図１乃至７を参照しながら説明する。なお、以下に説明する実施の形態によって本発明が限定されるものではない。また、図１を含め、以下の図面では各構成部材の大きさの関係が実際のものとは異なる場合がある。また、以下の説明では、上方・下方とは、減光式煙検知器１の後述する固定枠４を下方に向けたときにおける方向を指す。即ち、図２において、図の上側が上方であり、図２の下側が下方である。また、前方・後方とは、後述する送光器２の場合、対向する受光器３側が前方で、受光器３側の反対方向が後方である。反対に、受光器３の場合、対向する送光器２側が前方で、送光器２側の反対方向を後方とする。   Hereinafter, an embodiment of a light reduction type smoke detector 1 according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below. Moreover, in the following drawings including FIG. 1, the relationship of the size of each component may be different from the actual one. Further, in the following description, “upper / lower” refers to a direction when a later-described fixing frame 4 of the light-reducing smoke detector 1 is directed downward. That is, in FIG. 2, the upper side of the figure is the upper side, and the lower side of FIG. 2 is the lower side. Moreover, in the case of the light transmitter 2 mentioned later, the front and back are the light receiver 3 side which opposes the front, and the reverse direction of the light receiver 3 side is back. On the other hand, in the case of the light receiver 3, the opposite light transmitter 2 side is the front, and the opposite direction of the light transmitter 2 side is the rear.

［減光式煙検知器１の構成］
本発明の実施の係る減光式煙検知器１は、図１及び図２に示す通り、それぞれ対向配置される送光器２及び受光器３と、送光器２及び受光器３を連結して光軸を固定する固定板４からなる。 [Configuration of dimming smoke detector 1]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the dimming smoke detector 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention connects a light transmitter 2 and a light receiver 3, which are disposed to face each other, and a light transmitter 2 and a light receiver 3. And a fixing plate 4 for fixing the optical axis.

送光器２は、本体５、及び本体５に設けられ前方に突出するラビリンス部１０からなる。本体５は、固定板４の端部に設けられ、内部に基板７を有している。基板７には発光素子７ａが設けられており、本体５であって、発光素子７ａに対向する位置に図示しない透光性窓（送光窓）が設けられている。本体５に設けられる透光性窓及び発光素子７ａと同軸上に、即ち正面にラビリンス部１０が設けられる。なお、基板７は、本体５及び本体５に設けられる透光性窓によって密閉されており、本体５内に水や空気等が流入することはない。   The light transmitter 2 includes a main body 5 and a labyrinth portion 10 provided on the main body 5 and protruding forward. The main body 5 is provided at the end of the fixed plate 4 and has a substrate 7 therein. The substrate 7 is provided with a light emitting element 7a, and a light-transmitting window (light transmitting window) (not shown) is provided in the main body 5 at a position facing the light emitting element 7a. The labyrinth portion 10 is provided coaxially with the light-transmitting window and the light emitting element 7a provided in the main body 5, that is, in front. The substrate 7 is sealed by the main body 5 and a translucent window provided in the main body 5, and water, air, or the like does not flow into the main body 5.

受光器３は、送光器２と同様の構造をしており、本体６が、送光器２の本体５とは反対側の固定板４の端部に設けられ、本体６から前方に突出するラビリンス部１０が設けられている。本体６は、内部に基板８を有し、基板８には受光素子８ａが設けられており、本体６であって、受光素子８ａに対向する位置に図示しない透光性窓（受光窓）が設けられている。本体６に設けられる透光性窓及び受光素子８ａと同軸上に、即ち正面にラビリンス部１０が設けられる。なお、基板８は、本体６及び本体６に設けられる透光性窓によって密閉されており、本体６内に水や空気等が流入することはない。
なお、透光性窓（送光窓／受光窓）は、透光性を有するガラスや樹脂からなり、円板形状をなしているものとして説明するが、透光性窓は円板形状の透光性部材でなく、例えば、凸レンズやフレネルレンズ等のレンズで構成しても良い。 The light receiver 3 has the same structure as the light transmitter 2, and the main body 6 is provided at the end of the fixing plate 4 on the opposite side to the main body 5 of the light transmitter 2 and protrudes forward from the main body 6. A labyrinth portion 10 is provided. The main body 6 includes a substrate 8 inside, and the substrate 8 is provided with a light receiving element 8a. The main body 6 has a light-transmitting window (light receiving window) (not shown) at a position facing the light receiving element 8a. Is provided. A labyrinth portion 10 is provided coaxially with the translucent window and the light receiving element 8a provided in the main body 6, that is, in front. The substrate 8 is sealed by the main body 6 and a translucent window provided in the main body 6, so that water, air, or the like does not flow into the main body 6.
Note that the light-transmitting window (light-transmitting window / light-receiving window) is made of glass or resin having light-transmitting properties and is described as having a disk shape, but the light-transmitting window is a disk-shaped transparent light. For example, a lens such as a convex lens or a Fresnel lens may be used instead of the optical member.

ラビリンス部１０は、送光器２及び受光器３にそれぞれ設けられるものであるが、送光器２に設けられるラビリンス部１０と受光器３に設けられるラビリンス部１０は同一のものである。従って、ラビリンス部１０の説明は、送光器側２のみを示した分解斜視図である図３を用いて行う。
ラビリンス部１０は、ラビリンス部１０の先端（前方）に設けられる第１ラビリンス片２０と、第１ラビリンス片２０と本体５（受光器３の場合であれば本体６）との間に設けられる３つの第２ラビリンス片３０とが連結されてなる。 The labyrinth unit 10 is provided in each of the light transmitter 2 and the light receiver 3, but the labyrinth unit 10 provided in the light transmitter 2 and the labyrinth unit 10 provided in the light receiver 3 are the same. Therefore, the labyrinth unit 10 will be described with reference to FIG. 3 which is an exploded perspective view showing only the light transmitter side 2.
The labyrinth part 10 is provided between the first labyrinth piece 20 provided at the tip (front) of the labyrinth part 10, and between the first labyrinth piece 20 and the main body 5 (main body 6 in the case of the light receiver 3). Two second labyrinth pieces 30 are connected.

第１ラビリンス片２０は、図３乃至５に示す通り、有底円筒状であり、内壁基端側（後方）には、第２ラビリンス片３０と螺着する第１雌ネジ部２６が設けられる。また、第１ラビリンス片２０は、先端側（前方）に平板部２２が設けられ、平板部２２の中心部には小径の小孔２４が設けられている。小孔２４は、発光素子７ａから発光される光が通る孔であり、従って、発光素子７ａと小孔２４とは同軸上に設けられている。
第１ラビリンス片２０の後段に設けられる第２ラビリンス片３０は、図３、図６及び図７に示す通り、円筒状（有底円筒状）であり、内部の中間位置に平板部３２が設けられる。第２ラビリンス片３０は、先端側（前方）の外周面に第２雄ネジ部３５が設けられ、内壁基端側（後方）に第２雌ネジ部３６が設けられる。 As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the first labyrinth piece 20 has a bottomed cylindrical shape, and a first female thread portion 26 that is screwed to the second labyrinth piece 30 is provided on the base end side (rear side) of the inner wall. . Further, the first labyrinth piece 20 is provided with a flat plate portion 22 on the front end side (front), and a small hole 24 having a small diameter is provided at the center of the flat plate portion 22. The small hole 24 is a hole through which light emitted from the light emitting element 7a passes. Therefore, the light emitting element 7a and the small hole 24 are provided coaxially.
The 2nd labyrinth piece 30 provided in the back | latter stage of the 1st labyrinth piece 20 is cylindrical shape (bottomed cylindrical shape) as shown in FIG.3, FIG6 and FIG.7, and the flat plate part 32 is provided in an intermediate position inside. It is done. The second labyrinth piece 30 is provided with a second male screw portion 35 on the outer peripheral surface on the front end side (front side) and a second female screw portion 36 on the inner wall base end side (rear side).

複数設けられる第２ラビリンス片３０のうち、最前方の第２ラビリンス片３０（第１ラビリンス片２０の１つ後段の第２ラビリンス片３０）の場合、第２雄ネジ部３５は、第１ラビリンス片２０の第１雌ネジ部２６に螺合され、第２ラビリンス片３０は第１ラビリンス片２０に連結する。   In the case of the second labyrinth piece 30 (the second labyrinth piece 30 that is one stage after the first labyrinth piece 20) among the plurality of second labyrinth pieces 30 provided, the second male screw portion 35 is the first labyrinth piece. The second labyrinth piece 30 is connected to the first labyrinth piece 20 by being screwed into the first female thread portion 26 of the piece 20.

前方の第２ラビリンス片３０より後段（後方）に接続され、かつ本体５に直接接続されない第２ラビリンス片３０の場合、第２雄ネジ部３５が１つ前段（前方）の第２ラビリンス片３０の第２雌ネジ部３６に螺合し、第２雌ネジ部３６は、１つ後段の第２ラビリンス片の第２雄ネジ部３６に接続される。   In the case of the second labyrinth piece 30 that is connected to the rear stage (rear) from the front second labyrinth piece 30 and is not directly connected to the main body 5, the second labyrinth piece 30 that has the second male screw portion 35 one front (front) is provided. The second female screw portion 36 is connected to the second male screw portion 36 of the second labyrinth piece at the next stage.

最後段の第２ラビリンス片３０の場合、送光器２の本体５に設けられる第１雄ネジ部９に、第２雌ネジ部３６が螺合される。これにより、本体５に第２ラビリンス片３０が接続され、該第２ラビリンス片３０に第２ラビリンス片３０及び第１ラビリンス片２０を接続することで、本体５にラビリンス部１０を接続することができる。なお、受光器３の本体６にラビリンス部１０を接続するには、送光器２と同様に、本体６に設けられている第１雄ネジ部９に、最後段の第２ラビリンス片３０の第２雌ネジ部３６を螺着させれば良い。   In the case of the second labyrinth piece 30 at the last stage, the second female screw portion 36 is screwed into the first male screw portion 9 provided in the main body 5 of the light transmitter 2. Accordingly, the second labyrinth piece 30 is connected to the main body 5, and the labyrinth portion 10 can be connected to the main body 5 by connecting the second labyrinth piece 30 and the first labyrinth piece 20 to the second labyrinth piece 30. it can. In order to connect the labyrinth portion 10 to the main body 6 of the light receiver 3, the second labyrinth piece 30 at the last stage is connected to the first male screw portion 9 provided in the main body 6, similarly to the light transmitter 2. The second female screw portion 36 may be screwed.

第２ラビリンス片３０の平板部３２の中心部には小径の小孔３４が設けられている。小孔３４は、発光素子７ａから発光される光が通る孔であり、発光素子７ａと小孔３４とは同軸上に設けられている。即ち、第１ラビリンス片２０の小孔２４と、第２ラビリンス片３０の小孔３４と、発光素子７ａとは同軸上に設けられる。ここでは、小孔２４と小孔３４の内径は等しいものとして説明する。   A small-diameter small hole 34 is provided at the center of the flat plate portion 32 of the second labyrinth piece 30. The small hole 34 is a hole through which light emitted from the light emitting element 7a passes, and the light emitting element 7a and the small hole 34 are provided coaxially. That is, the small hole 24 of the first labyrinth piece 20, the small hole 34 of the second labyrinth piece 30, and the light emitting element 7a are provided coaxially. Here, description will be made assuming that the small holes 24 and the small holes 34 have the same inner diameter.

本発明の実施の形態では、上記のような構成により、第１ラビリンス片２０と第２ラビリンス片３０との間、第２ラビリンス片３０同士の間に空間Ｓが形成される。即ち、空間Ｓは、第１ラビリンス片２０の平板部２２及び１つ後段の第２ラビリンス片３０の平板部３２との間に形成されるか、第２ラビリンス片３０の平板部３２及び１つ後段の第２ラビリンス片３０の平板部３２との間に構成される。   In the embodiment of the present invention, the space S is formed between the first labyrinth piece 20 and the second labyrinth piece 30 and between the second labyrinth pieces 30 with the above-described configuration. That is, the space S is formed between the flat plate portion 22 of the first labyrinth piece 20 and the flat plate portion 32 of the second labyrinth piece 30 at the next stage, or the flat plate portion 32 and one of the second labyrinth piece 30. It is comprised between the flat plate part 32 of the 2nd labyrinth piece 30 of a back | latter stage.

［動作説明］
本発明の実施の形態に係る減光式煙検知器１の動作について、図２に基づいて、以下に説明する。
送光器２の発光素子７ａは、一定周期、例えば３秒ごとに近赤外線光を発光している。発光素子７ａから発光された光は、送光器２の本体５に設けられる透光性窓を透過した後、送光器２に螺着されているラビリンス部１０の小孔、即ち、第２ラビリンス片３０の小孔３４と、第１ラビリンス片２０の小孔２４を通り、受光器３側に向かう。そして、発光素子７ａから発光された光は、受光器３に設けられるラビリンス部１０の小孔、即ち、第１ラビリンス片２０の小孔２４と、第２ラビリンス片３０の小孔３４を通り、受光器３の本体６に設けられる透光性窓を透過して、受光素子８ａに到達する。 [Description of operation]
The operation of the light reduction type smoke detector 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described below based on FIG.
The light emitting element 7a of the light transmitter 2 emits near-infrared light at regular intervals, for example, every 3 seconds. The light emitted from the light emitting element 7 a passes through a light transmitting window provided in the main body 5 of the light transmitter 2, and then is a small hole of the labyrinth portion 10 screwed into the light transmitter 2, that is, a second hole. The light passes through the small hole 34 of the labyrinth piece 30 and the small hole 24 of the first labyrinth piece 20 and travels toward the light receiver 3 side. The light emitted from the light emitting element 7a passes through the small hole of the labyrinth portion 10 provided in the light receiver 3, that is, the small hole 24 of the first labyrinth piece 20 and the small hole 34 of the second labyrinth piece 30. The light passes through a translucent window provided in the main body 6 of the light receiver 3 and reaches the light receiving element 8a.

受光素子８ａは、発光素子７ａの発光タイミングと同期されており、発光素子７ａの発光と同じ周期で受光する。そして、受光器３は、受光素子８ａの受光出力が設定した閾値よりも下がった場合、即ち、設定値以上の減光率となった場合に、火災信号を図示しない火災受信機に出力する。   The light receiving element 8a is synchronized with the light emission timing of the light emitting element 7a and receives light at the same cycle as the light emission of the light emitting element 7a. The light receiver 3 outputs a fire signal to a fire receiver (not shown) when the light reception output of the light receiving element 8a falls below a set threshold value, that is, when the light attenuation rate is equal to or higher than a set value.

［効果］
本発明の実施の形態に係る減光式煙検知器１は、上記のような構成により、以下のような特有の効果を有する。
減光式煙検知器１は、汚損物質が多く浮遊し、かつ湿度が高いトンネルに設けられているため、大変汚損しやすく、特に、発光素子７ａ及び受光素子８ａの正面に設けられる透光性窓が汚損すると、火災を正確に検知することが難しくなる。 [effect]
The dimming smoke detector 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention has the following specific effects by the above configuration.
The light-reducing smoke detector 1 is provided in a tunnel with a large amount of fouling substances floating and high humidity, and thus is easily fouled. If the window gets dirty, it becomes difficult to accurately detect the fire.

そこで、本発明の実施の形態に係る減光式煙検知器１では、発光素子７ａ及び受光素子８ａの正面に設けられる透光性窓の正面にラビリンス部１０を設けている。ラビリンス部１０は、第１ラビリンス片２０の小孔２４、第２ラビリンス片３０の小孔３４を有するため、浮遊している汚損物質が透光性窓に到達することを抑制している。   Therefore, in the light reduction type smoke detector 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the labyrinth portion 10 is provided in front of the light-transmitting window provided in front of the light emitting element 7a and the light receiving element 8a. Since the labyrinth part 10 has the small hole 24 of the 1st labyrinth piece 20, and the small hole 34 of the 2nd labyrinth piece 30, it is suppressing that the pollutant which floated reaches | attains a translucent window.

つまり、汚損物質のほとんどは第１ラビリンス片２０の小孔２４を通過できず、小孔２４を通過したわずかな汚損物質は、多くが第２ラビリンス片の小孔３４に阻まれることになる。そして、小孔３４に阻まれた汚損物質は、第１ラビリンス片２０と、その後段に設けられる第２ラビリンス片３０との間に形成される空間Ｓに蓄積される。そして、第２ラビリンス片３０の小孔３４を通過した汚損物質は、そのほとんどが第２ラビリンス片３０と、その後段の第２ラビリンス片３０との間の空間Ｓに蓄積する。   That is, most of the fouling substances cannot pass through the small holes 24 of the first labyrinth piece 20, and most of the fouling substances that have passed through the small holes 24 are blocked by the small holes 34 of the second labyrinth piece. The fouling substances blocked by the small holes 34 are accumulated in the space S formed between the first labyrinth piece 20 and the second labyrinth piece 30 provided at the subsequent stage. Then, most of the fouling substances that have passed through the small holes 34 of the second labyrinth piece 30 accumulate in the space S between the second labyrinth piece 30 and the second labyrinth piece 30 at the subsequent stage.

即ち、ラビリンス部１０は第１ラビリンス片２０と、少なくとも１つ以上の第２ラビリンス片３０で構成されるため、汚損物質が発光素子７ａ及び受光素子８ａの正面に設けられる透光性窓にほとんど到達しなくなる。これにより、トンネル内であっても、汚損を防ぎ、火災を正確に検知することが可能となる。   That is, since the labyrinth portion 10 is composed of the first labyrinth piece 20 and at least one second labyrinth piece 30, the fouling substance is almost in the translucent window provided in front of the light emitting element 7 a and the light receiving element 8 a. It will not reach. As a result, even in the tunnel, it is possible to prevent fouling and accurately detect a fire.

また、ラビリンス部１０は、螺着されている第１ラビリンス片２０と、少なくとも１つ以上の第２ラビリンス片３０とが容易に取り外し可能であるため、メンテナンス時等にラビリンス部１０を分解して、空間Ｓに蓄積した汚損物質を掃除することが容易である。そして、掃除したラビリンス部１０は、螺着させることで容易に本体５又は本体６に接続することができる。   Moreover, since the labyrinth part 10 is easily removable from the screwed first labyrinth piece 20 and at least one second labyrinth piece 30, the labyrinth part 10 can be disassembled during maintenance or the like. It is easy to clean the fouling substances accumulated in the space S. And the cleaned labyrinth part 10 can be easily connected to the main body 5 or the main body 6 by screwing.

また、ラビリンス部１０は、発光素子７ａ及び受光素子８ａの正面に設けられる透光性窓の汚損を防ぐだけではなく、トンネル内を走る自動車や列車のライトの光が受光素子８ａに入光することを防ぐことができる。   Further, the labyrinth unit 10 not only prevents the light-transmitting windows provided in front of the light emitting element 7a and the light receiving element 8a from being stained, but also the light of a car or a train light traveling in the tunnel enters the light receiving element 8a. Can be prevented.

なお、ラビリンス部１０は、第１ラビリンス片２０と、３つの第２ラビリンス片３０で構成されるとしたが、汚損物質があまり浮遊していない環境に減光式煙感知器１を設置する場合、第２ラビリンス片３０を使用せず、第１ラビリンス片２０を送光器２又は受光器３に直接取り付けても良い。第１ラビリンス片２０を直接送光器２に取り付けるには、第１ラビリンス片２０の第１雌ネジ部２６を送光器２の第１雄ネジ部９に螺着させれば良い。   In addition, although the labyrinth part 10 was comprised with the 1st labyrinth piece 20 and the 3rd 2 labyrinth pieces 30, the case where the light-reducing smoke detector 1 is installed in an environment where the pollutant is not so floating The first labyrinth piece 20 may be directly attached to the light transmitter 2 or the light receiver 3 without using the second labyrinth piece 30. In order to attach the first labyrinth piece 20 directly to the light transmitter 2, the first female screw portion 26 of the first labyrinth piece 20 may be screwed to the first male screw portion 9 of the light transmitter 2.

また、発光素子７ａ及び受光素子８ａの正面に設けられる透光性窓の汚損を防ぐためには、第２ラビリンス片３０は多いほど良く、環境に応じて取り付ける第２ラビリンス片３０の数を変えれば良い。即ち、本発明の実施の形態では、第２ラビリンス片３０は３つとして説明したが、第２ラビリンス片３０の数はそれだけに限らず、それより多くても少なくても良い（０個も含む）。一般的に、減光式煙感知器１はトンネル等の汚損物質が多く浮遊している場所に取り付けられることが想定されるので、第２ラビリンス片３０は少なくとも１つ以上あることが望ましい。   Moreover, in order to prevent the contamination of the translucent window provided in front of the light emitting element 7a and the light receiving element 8a, the more the second labyrinth pieces 30 are better, the more the number of the second labyrinth pieces 30 to be attached is changed according to the environment. good. That is, in the embodiment of the present invention, the number of the second labyrinth pieces 30 has been described as three, but the number of the second labyrinth pieces 30 is not limited thereto, and may be larger or smaller (including zero). . In general, the dimming smoke detector 1 is assumed to be attached to a place where a lot of fouling substances such as tunnels are floating, and therefore it is desirable that at least one second labyrinth piece 30 is provided.

また、小孔２４、小孔３４の内径は小さいほど汚損物質の通過を抑制できるが、発光素子７ａから発光される近赤外線光を通過させるために、ある程度の大きさが必要とされる。小孔２４、小孔３４の内径は、例えば、３ｍｍ〜３０ｍｍが望ましい。   In addition, the smaller the inner diameters of the small holes 24 and 34, the smaller the passage of the fouling substance can be suppressed. However, a certain size is required to pass the near infrared light emitted from the light emitting element 7a. The inner diameters of the small hole 24 and the small hole 34 are desirably 3 mm to 30 mm, for example.

また、本発明の実施の形態では、小孔２４、小孔３４の内径は等しいものとして説明したが、小孔２４、小孔３４の内径は異なっていても良い。例えば、発光素子７ａから発光される光の拡散に合わせて、基端の第２ラビリンス片３０から先端の第２ラビリンス片３０に向かって、小孔３４の内径を大きくしていっても良い。この場合、第１ラビリンス片２０の小孔２４の内径は、第１ラビリンス片２０の後段に設けられる第２ラビリンス片３０の小孔３４の内径と同じか、それより大きく構成される。   In the embodiment of the present invention, the inner diameters of the small hole 24 and the small hole 34 are described as being equal. However, the inner diameters of the small hole 24 and the small hole 34 may be different. For example, the inner diameter of the small hole 34 may be increased from the second labyrinth piece 30 at the proximal end toward the second labyrinth piece 30 at the distal end in accordance with diffusion of light emitted from the light emitting element 7a. In this case, the inner diameter of the small hole 24 of the first labyrinth piece 20 is configured to be equal to or larger than the inner diameter of the small hole 34 of the second labyrinth piece 30 provided at the rear stage of the first labyrinth piece 20.

１ 減光式煙検知器、２ 送光器、３ 受光器、４ 固定板、５ 本体部、６ 本体部、７ 基板、７ａ 発光素子、８ 基板、８ａ 受光素子、９ 第１雄ネジ部、１０ ラビリンス部、２０ 第１ラビリンス片、２２ 平板部、２４ 小孔、２６ 第１雌ネジ部、３０ 第２ラビリンス片、３２ 平板部、３４ 小孔、３５ 第２雄ネジ部、３６ 第２雌ネジ部、Ｓ 空間。   DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Dimming type smoke detector, 2 light transmitter, 3 light receiver, 4 fixing plate, 5 main body part, 6 main body part, 7 board | substrate, 7a light emitting element, 8 board | substrate, 8a light receiving element, 9 1st male screw part, 10 labyrinth part, 20 first labyrinth piece, 22 flat plate part, 24 small hole, 26 first female screw part, 30 second labyrinth piece, 32 flat plate part, 34 small hole, 35 second male screw part, 36 second female Screw part, S space.

Claims (4)

発光素子を備える送光器と、受光素子を備える受光器と、を備え、前記送光器と前記受光器とが対向配置される減光式煙検知器において、
前記送光器及び前記受光器は、前記発光素子及び前記受光素子の正面に、ラビリンス部を設けることを特徴とする減光式煙検知器。 In a light-reducing smoke detector comprising a light transmitter including a light emitting element and a light receiver including a light receiving element, wherein the light transmitter and the light receiver are arranged to face each other.
The light transmitter and the light receiver are each provided with a labyrinth portion in front of the light emitting element and the light receiving element. 前記ラビリンス部は、有底円筒状からなる複数のラビリンス片を連結させてなり、
前記ラビリンス片に設けられる平板部には、小孔が設けられることを特徴とする請求項１記載の減光式煙検知器。 The labyrinth portion is formed by connecting a plurality of labyrinth pieces having a bottomed cylindrical shape,
The dimming smoke detector according to claim 1, wherein a small hole is provided in the flat plate portion provided in the labyrinth piece. 前記ラビリンス片は、
先端に設けられる第１ラビリンス片と、
前記第１ラビリンス片に接続されるラビリンス片から、前記送光器又は前記受光器に接続されるラビリンス片までの、少なくとも１つ以上のラビリンス片から構成される第２ラビリンス片と、
を備えることを特徴とする請求項２記載の減光式煙検知器。 The labyrinth piece is
A first labyrinth piece provided at the tip;
A second labyrinth piece composed of at least one labyrinth piece from the labyrinth piece connected to the first labyrinth piece to the labyrinth piece connected to the light transmitter or the light receiver;
The dimming smoke detector according to claim 2, further comprising: 前記送光器及び前記受光器は、内部に、前記発光素子又は前記受光素子を備える基板が密閉されるように設けられ、
前記発光素子又は前記受光素子の正面には透光性窓を有し、
前記ラビリンス部は、前記透光性窓の正面に設けられることを特徴とする請求項１乃至３記載の減光式煙検知器。 The light transmitter and the light receiver are provided so that the light emitting element or the substrate including the light receiving element is sealed inside,
A light-transmitting window is provided in front of the light-emitting element or the light-receiving element,
The dimming smoke detector according to claim 1, wherein the labyrinth portion is provided in front of the translucent window.
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