JP2016003753A - Toroidal continuously variable transmission - Google Patents

Toroidal continuously variable transmission Download PDF

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JP2016003753A
JP2016003753A JP2014126452A JP2014126452A JP2016003753A JP 2016003753 A JP2016003753 A JP 2016003753A JP 2014126452 A JP2014126452 A JP 2014126452A JP 2014126452 A JP2014126452 A JP 2014126452A JP 2016003753 A JP2016003753 A JP 2016003753A
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rotating shaft
disk
ring
locking ring
peripheral surface
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JP6413383B2 (en
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晃大 福田
Akihiro Fukuda
晃大 福田
小林 功久
Norihisa Kobayashi
功久 小林
栄作 鈴木
Eisaku Suzuki
栄作 鈴木
慎 山本
Shin Yamamoto
慎 山本
永生 土肥
Eisei Doi
永生 土肥
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NSK Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To realize the structure of a toroidal continuously variable transmission capable of effectively preventing the occurrence of fretting abrasion between an input-side disc and a lock ring.SOLUTION: In a state in which a lock ring 15a is locked to a lock recessed groove 14a formed in an outer circumferential surface of a tip end portion of an input rotary shaft 1a, a radially outward end portion of an axially inner side surface of the lock ring 15a is struck against a radially inward end portion of an axially outer side surface of an input-side disc 2b. In a state in which a tap ring 16a covers the lock ring 15a from radially outward, the tap ring 16a is externally fitted to the tip end portion of the input rotary shaft 1a. Particularly, both outer and inner circumferential surfaces of the lock ring 15a are fitted into a bottom surface of the lock recessed groove 14a and an inner circumferential surface of the tap ring 16a, respectively, with all interferences set to equal to or larger than zero. It is thereby possible to improve the support rigidity of the lock ring 15a against an elastic deformation of the input-side disc 2b and attain the object.

Description

この発明は、自動車用変速装置として、又はポンプ等の各種産業用機械の運転速度を調節する為の変速装置として利用する、トロイダル型無段変速機の改良に関する。   The present invention relates to an improvement in a toroidal continuously variable transmission that is used as a transmission for an automobile or as a transmission for adjusting the operating speed of various industrial machines such as a pump.

自動車用変速装置としてトロイダル型無段変速機を使用する事が、特許文献1〜4等の多くの刊行物に記載されると共に一部で実施されていて周知である。又、トロイダル型無段変速機と遊星歯車機構とを組み合わせて変速比の調整幅を広くする構造も、特許文献5等、やはり多くの刊行物に記載されて、従来から広く知られている。   The use of a toroidal continuously variable transmission as a transmission for an automobile is described in many publications such as Patent Documents 1 to 4 and partially implemented, and is well known. Further, a structure in which a toroidal type continuously variable transmission and a planetary gear mechanism are combined to widen the adjustment range of the gear ratio is also described in many publications such as Patent Document 5 and has been widely known.

図7は、これら各特許文献に記載されて従来から広く知られているトロイダル型無段変速機の第1例を示している。この従来構造の第1例の場合、入力回転軸1の軸方向両端寄り部分の周囲に1対の入力側ディスク2a、2bを、それぞれがトロイド曲面である軸方向内側面同士を互いに対向させた状態で、遠近動可能に、且つ、前記入力回転軸1と同期した回転を可能に支持している。又、この入力回転軸1の軸方向中間部周囲に、出力筒3を、この入力回転軸1に対する相対回転を可能に支持している。又、この出力筒3の外周面には、軸方向中央部に出力歯車4を固設すると共に、軸方向両端部に1対の出力側ディスク5、5を、スプライン係合により、前記出力筒3と同期した回転を可能に支持している。又、この状態で、それぞれがトロイド曲面である、前記両出力側ディスク5、5の軸方向内側面を、前記両入力側ディスク2a、2bの軸方向内側面に対向させている。   FIG. 7 shows a first example of a toroidal-type continuously variable transmission described in these patent documents and widely known in the past. In the case of the first example of this conventional structure, a pair of input-side disks 2a and 2b are arranged around the axially opposite end portions of the input rotary shaft 1 and the axially inner side surfaces, each of which is a toroidal curved surface, are opposed to each other. In this state, it is supported so as to be able to move far and away and to be able to rotate in synchronization with the input rotation shaft 1. Further, an output cylinder 3 is supported around an intermediate portion in the axial direction of the input rotary shaft 1 so as to be able to rotate relative to the input rotary shaft 1. Further, on the outer peripheral surface of the output cylinder 3, an output gear 4 is fixed at the center in the axial direction, and a pair of output side disks 5, 5 are connected to both ends in the axial direction by spline engagement. The rotation synchronized with 3 is supported. In this state, the axially inner surfaces of the output side disks 5 and 5, each of which is a toroidal curved surface, are opposed to the axially inner surfaces of the input side disks 2 a and 2 b.

又、前記両入力側ディスク2a、2bと前記両出力側ディスク5、5との間に、それぞれの外周面を部分球状凸面とした、複数個のパワーローラ6、6を挟持している。これら各パワーローラ6、6は、それぞれトラニオン7、7に回転自在に支持されており、前記両入力側ディスク2a、2bの回転に伴って回転しつつ、これら両入力側ディスク2a、2bから前記両出力側ディスク5、5に動力を伝達する。即ち、トロイダル型無段変速機の運転時には、駆動軸8により一方(図7の左方)の入力側ディスク2aを、押圧装置9(図示の構造はローディングカム式の押圧装置)を介して回転駆動する。この結果、前記入力回転軸1の軸方向両端部に支持された1対の入力側ディスク2a、2bが、互いに近づく方向に押圧されつつ同期して回転する。そして、この回転が、前記各パワーローラ6、6を介して前記両出力側ディスク5、5に伝わり、前記出力歯車4から取り出される。尚、前記各トラニオン7、7が、特許請求の範囲に記載した支持部材に相当する。   Further, a plurality of power rollers 6 and 6 each having a partially spherical convex surface on the outer periphery are sandwiched between the input disks 2a and 2b and the output disks 5 and 5. The power rollers 6 and 6 are rotatably supported by the trunnions 7 and 7, respectively, and rotate with the rotation of the two input side disks 2a and 2b. Power is transmitted to both output side disks 5 and 5. That is, during operation of the toroidal-type continuously variable transmission, one input side disk 2a is rotated by the drive shaft 8 via the pressing device 9 (the structure shown is a loading cam type pressing device). To drive. As a result, the pair of input side disks 2a, 2b supported at both axial ends of the input rotating shaft 1 rotate synchronously while being pressed in a direction approaching each other. Then, this rotation is transmitted to the output side disks 5 and 5 through the power rollers 6 and 6 and is taken out from the output gear 4. The trunnions 7 and 7 correspond to the support members described in the claims.

又、前記入力回転軸1の軸方向両端部近傍で、前記両入力側ディスク2a、2bを軸方向両側から挟む位置に、それぞれ予圧ばね10a、10bを設けている。そして、前記押圧装置9の非作動時(駆動軸8の停止時)にも、前記各パワーローラ6、6の外周面と、前記入力側、出力側各ディスク2a、2b、5の軸方向内側面との転がり接触部(トラクション部)の面圧を、必要最低限だけは確保する様にしている。従って、これら各転がり接触部は、トロイダル型無段変速機の運転開始直後から、過大な滑りを生じる事なく、動力伝達を開始する。尚、必要最低限の面圧を確保する為の弾力は、前記押圧装置9の内径側に配置した予圧ばね10aにより得る。前記入力回転軸1の先端部に螺着したローディングナット11と入力側ディスク2bの軸方向外側面との間に配置した予圧ばね10bは、前記押圧装置9の急な作動時に加わる衝撃を緩和するものであり、省略する事もできる。設ける場合には、十分に(大きなトルクを伝達する際にも完全に押し潰されない程度に)大きな弾力を持たせる。   Also, preload springs 10a and 10b are provided in the vicinity of both ends in the axial direction of the input rotary shaft 1 at positions where the both input side disks 2a and 2b are sandwiched from both sides in the axial direction. Even when the pressing device 9 is not in operation (when the drive shaft 8 is stopped), the outer peripheral surfaces of the power rollers 6 and 6 and the input side and output side disks 2a, 2b and 5 Only the minimum necessary surface pressure of the rolling contact part (traction part) with the side surface is ensured. Therefore, these rolling contact portions start power transmission without causing excessive slip immediately after the start of operation of the toroidal continuously variable transmission. In addition, the elasticity for ensuring the minimum necessary surface pressure is obtained by the preload spring 10 a disposed on the inner diameter side of the pressing device 9. The preload spring 10b disposed between the loading nut 11 screwed to the tip of the input rotary shaft 1 and the axially outer surface of the input side disk 2b alleviates the impact applied when the pressing device 9 is suddenly operated. It can be omitted. When it is provided, it has a sufficiently large elasticity (so as not to be completely crushed even when a large torque is transmitted).

上述の様なトロイダル型無段変速機の場合、必要最低限の面圧を確保する為に、前記予圧ばね10aの弾力を調整する作業が面倒になる。即ち、前記従来構造の第1例の場合、この予圧ばね10aの弾力を調整するには、前記入力回転軸1の先端部に螺着したローディングナット11の締め付け量を変更する必要がある為、前記予圧ばね10aの弾力を調整する作業が面倒になる。   In the case of the toroidal-type continuously variable transmission as described above, the work of adjusting the elasticity of the preload spring 10a is troublesome in order to ensure the necessary minimum surface pressure. That is, in the case of the first example of the conventional structure, in order to adjust the elasticity of the preload spring 10a, it is necessary to change the tightening amount of the loading nut 11 screwed to the distal end portion of the input rotary shaft 1. The operation of adjusting the elasticity of the preload spring 10a is troublesome.

これに対し、特許文献6〜7等には、ローディングナットに代えてコッタと呼ばれる係止環を用いた構造が記載されている。図8〜11は、この様な係止環を組み込んだ従来構造の第2例を示している。この従来構造の第2例の場合、入力側ディスク2bの中心部にスプライン孔12を形成し、このスプライン孔12と、入力回転軸1aの先端寄り部分の外周面に形成したスプライン軸部13とをスプライン係合している。又、この入力回転軸1aの先端部外周面で、このスプライン軸部13から軸方向に外れた部分に、全周に亙って係止凹溝14を形成し、この係止凹溝14に複数(2〜4個)の部分円弧状の素子から成る係止環15の径方向内半部を係止している。そして、この係止環15の軸方向内側面(図8〜9の左側面)のうちの径方向外端部を、入力側ディスク2bの軸方向外側面のうちの径方向内端部に当接させる。押圧装置9(図示の構造は油圧式の押圧装置)の非作動時に、各パワーローラ6、6(図7参照)の外周面と入力、出力側各ディスク2a、2b、5aの軸方向内側面との、転がり接触部の面圧を必要最低限確保する為の予圧ばね10aの弾力の調整は、前記係止環15として適正な軸方向厚さ寸法を有するものを選択する事により図る。又、前記入力回転軸1aの先端部に断面L字形の抑え環16を外嵌し、前記係止環15を径方向外方から覆う事により、この係止環15(を構成する各素子)が前記係止凹溝14から抜け出るのを防止している。この様な抑え環16は、前記入力回転軸1aの先端部に係止した止め輪17により軸方向の変位を阻止する。以上の様な構成により、前記入力側ディスク2bを前記入力回転軸1aに、この入力回転軸1aと同期した回転を可能に支持している。
尚、前記従来構造の第2例の場合、出力側ディスク5aとして一体型のものを使用する事により、トロイダル型無段変速機全体としての小型・軽量化を図っている。但し、この部分の構造及び作用に就いては、本発明の要旨とは関係しない為、詳しい説明は省略する。
On the other hand, Patent Documents 6 to 7 describe a structure using a locking ring called a cotter instead of a loading nut. 8 to 11 show a second example of a conventional structure in which such a locking ring is incorporated. In the case of the second example of this conventional structure, a spline hole 12 is formed at the center of the input side disk 2b, and the spline hole 12 and a spline shaft portion 13 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the input rotary shaft 1a. The spline is engaged. Further, a locking groove 14 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the tip end portion of the input rotating shaft 1a in the axial direction away from the spline shaft portion 13 over the entire circumference. The radially inner half of the locking ring 15 composed of a plurality (2 to 4) partial arc-shaped elements is locked. Then, the radially outer end of the axially inner side surface (the left side surface in FIGS. 8 to 9) of the locking ring 15 is brought into contact with the radially inner end of the axially outer surface of the input side disk 2b. Make contact. When the pressing device 9 (the illustrated structure is a hydraulic pressing device) is not operated, the outer peripheral surfaces of the power rollers 6 and 6 (see FIG. 7) and the inner surfaces in the axial direction of the input and output side disks 2a, 2b and 5a. The adjustment of the elasticity of the preload spring 10a for ensuring the necessary minimum surface pressure of the rolling contact portion is achieved by selecting an appropriate axial thickness dimension as the locking ring 15. Further, a retaining ring 16 having an L-shaped cross section is externally fitted to the distal end portion of the input rotating shaft 1a, and the locking ring 15 is covered from the outside in the radial direction. Is prevented from coming out of the locking groove 14. Such a retaining ring 16 prevents axial displacement by a retaining ring 17 that is engaged with the tip of the input rotary shaft 1a. With the configuration described above, the input disk 2b is supported on the input rotary shaft 1a so as to be able to rotate in synchronization with the input rotary shaft 1a.
In the case of the second example of the conventional structure, the use of an integral output side disk 5a reduces the overall size and weight of the toroidal continuously variable transmission. However, since the structure and operation of this portion are not related to the gist of the present invention, detailed description thereof is omitted.

上述の様な従来構造の第2例に係るトロイダル型無段変速機の場合、運転時に、前記入力回転軸1aの先端側に設けられた入力側ディスク2bは、前記押圧装置9が発生する推力に基づき前記各パワーローラ6、6から受ける力に基づいて、図12に誇張して示す様に、この入力側ディスク2bの外径寄り部分が前記係止環15側に近づく方向(軸方向及び径方向)に弾性変形する。即ち、運転時に前記推力に基づき前記入力側ディスク2bに加わる力は、トロイダル型無段変速機の運転時に最大で数十kN〜百数十kN(数tF〜十数tF)程度となり、この様な力に基づく入力側ディスク2bの軸方向に関する弾性変形量は、コンマ数mm(10分の数mm)程度と無視できない量となる。そして、この様に前記入力側ディスク2bが弾性変形すると、この入力側ディスク2bの軸方向外側面と前記係止環15の軸方向内側面とが断続的に繰り返し当接する事で互いに擦れ合い、当該部分でフレッチング摩耗が生じる可能性がある。特に、前記入力側ディスク2bが弾性変形する円周方向位置は、前記各パワーローラ6、6により押し付けられる部分が変化するのに伴って常に変化する。この為、擦れ合いの周波数は相当に高く(例えば百数十Hzに)なり、フレッチング摩耗発生の面からは厳しい条件となる。この様なフレッチング摩耗は、係止環15の割れ等の損傷の起点となったり、発生した摩耗粉が潤滑油(トラクションオイル)を汚染し、各部の潤滑状態を不良にする可能性があり、好ましくない。   In the case of the toroidal type continuously variable transmission according to the second example of the conventional structure as described above, the input side disk 2b provided on the tip side of the input rotary shaft 1a is thrust generated by the pressing device 9 during operation. Based on the force received from each of the power rollers 6 and 6, as shown in an exaggerated manner in FIG. 12, the direction closer to the outer diameter of the input side disk 2 b approaches the locking ring 15 side (in the axial direction and It is elastically deformed in the radial direction). That is, the force applied to the input side disk 2b based on the thrust during operation is about several tens kN to hundreds tens kN (several tF to several tens tF) at the maximum during operation of the toroidal type continuously variable transmission. The amount of elastic deformation in the axial direction of the input-side disk 2b based on a large force is a comma number of mm (a few tenths of a millimeter) and cannot be ignored. Then, when the input side disk 2b is elastically deformed in this manner, the axially outer side surface of the input side disk 2b and the axially inner side surface of the locking ring 15 are rubbed against each other by intermittent contact, Fretting wear may occur in the part. In particular, the circumferential position at which the input side disk 2b is elastically deformed always changes as the portions pressed by the power rollers 6 and 6 change. For this reason, the frequency of rubbing becomes considerably high (for example, hundreds of tens Hz), which is a severe condition in terms of the occurrence of fretting wear. Such fretting wear may become a starting point of damage such as cracking of the locking ring 15, or the generated wear powder may contaminate the lubricating oil (traction oil), resulting in poor lubrication of each part. It is not preferable.

特開2003−214516号公報JP 2003-214516 A 特開2007−315595号公報JP 2007-315595 A 特開2008−25821号公報JP 2008-25821 A 特開2008−275088号公報JP 2008-275088 A 特開2004−169719号公報JP 2004-169719 A 特開2000−205361号公報JP 2000-205361 A 特開2009−041715号公報JP 2009-041715 A

本発明は、上述の様な事情に鑑みて、外側ディスクと係止環との間でフレッチング摩耗が発生するのを有効に防止できる構造を実現すべく発明したものである。   The present invention has been invented to realize a structure capable of effectively preventing fretting wear from occurring between the outer disk and the locking ring in view of the circumstances as described above.

本発明のトロイダル型無段変速機は何れも、回転軸と、1対の外側ディスクと、内側ディスクと、複数個の支持部材と、これら各支持部材と同数のパワーローラと、押圧装置と、係止環と、抑え環とを備える。
このうちの回転軸は、先端部外周面に係止凹溝を設けている。
又、前記両外側ディスクは、それぞれが断面円弧形のトロイド曲面である互いの軸方向片側面同士を対向させた状態で、前記回転軸と同期した回転を可能にこの回転軸に支持されている。
又、前記内側ディスクは、前記回転軸の軸方向中間部周囲に、断面円弧形である軸方向両側面を前記両外側ディスクの軸方向片側面に対向させた状態で、前記回転軸に対する相対回転を可能に支持されたものであり、一体型に構成されているか、又は1対の素子を結合する事により構成されている。
又、前記各支持部材は、軸方向に関して前記内側ディスクの軸方向両側面と前記両外側ディスクの軸方向片側面との間位置にそれぞれ複数個ずつ、前記回転軸に対し捩れの位置にある枢軸を中心とする揺動変位を可能に設けられている。
又、前記各パワーローラは、前記各支持部材に回転自在に支持されたもので、部分球状凸面であるそれぞれの外周面を、前記内側ディスクの軸方向両側面と前記両外側ディスクの軸方向片側面とに当接させている。
又、前記押圧装置は、前記回転軸と、前記両外側ディスクのうちの一方の外側ディスクとの間に設けられ、この一方の外側ディスクを、これら両外側ディスクのうちの他方の外側ディスクに向け押圧する。この様な押圧装置としては、ローディングカム式又は油圧式の押圧装置を使用する事ができる。
又、前記係止環は、複数(例えば2〜4個)の部分円弧状の素子を組み合わせる事により、全体を円環状に構成したものであって、前記回転軸の外周面に形成した係止凹溝に係止され、この係止環の軸方向片側面(のうち係止凹溝から径方向外方に露出した部分)を、軸方向に関して対向する、前記他方の外側ディスクの軸方向他側面に当接させる。これにより、この他方の外側ディスクが前記一方の外側ディスクから離れる方向に変位するのを阻止する。
更に、前記抑え環は、前記回転軸の先端部で、前記係止環の軸方向他側面に隣接する部分に外嵌固定された状態で、前記係止環を径方向外方から覆うものである。
Each of the toroidal type continuously variable transmissions of the present invention includes a rotating shaft, a pair of outer disks, an inner disk, a plurality of support members, the same number of power rollers as each of these support members, and a pressing device. A locking ring and a retaining ring are provided.
Among these, the rotating shaft is provided with a locking groove on the outer peripheral surface of the tip.
The both outer disks are supported by the rotating shaft so as to be able to rotate in synchronism with the rotating shaft in a state in which the respective one side surfaces in the axial direction, each of which is a toroidal curved surface having an arc cross section, are opposed to each other. Yes.
In addition, the inner disk has a relative arc relative to the rotating shaft in a state in which both axial side surfaces having a circular arc cross section are opposed to one axial side surface of both outer disks around the axial middle portion of the rotating shaft. It is supported so as to be able to rotate, and is configured as an integral type or by combining a pair of elements.
Further, each of the supporting members is pivoted at a position twisted with respect to the rotating shaft, and a plurality of each of the supporting members is disposed between the axial side surfaces of the inner disk and the axial side surfaces of the outer disks. Oscillating displacement about the center is provided.
Each of the power rollers is rotatably supported by each of the supporting members, and each outer peripheral surface, which is a partially spherical convex surface, is formed on both axial sides of the inner disk and axial pieces of the outer disks. It is in contact with the side.
The pressing device is provided between the rotating shaft and one outer disk of the two outer disks, and the one outer disk faces the other outer disk of the two outer disks. Press. As such a pressing device, a loading cam type or a hydraulic pressing device can be used.
In addition, the locking ring is configured by combining a plurality of (for example, 2 to 4) partial arc-shaped elements so as to form a ring shape as a whole, and the locking ring formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft. Axial one side of the other outer disk that is locked in the concave groove and that faces one side in the axial direction of the locking ring (a portion exposed radially outward from the locking groove). Make contact with the side. This prevents the other outer disk from being displaced in a direction away from the one outer disk.
Furthermore, the holding ring covers the locking ring from the outer side in the radial direction in a state where the locking ring is fitted and fixed to a portion adjacent to the other axial side surface of the locking ring at the tip of the rotating shaft. is there.

特に本発明のトロイダル型無段変速機のうち、請求項1に記載したトロイダル型無段変速機の場合には、前記係止環の内周面と前記係止凹溝の底面との間部分、及び、この係止環の外周面と前記抑え環の内周面との間部分を何れも、微小隙間を持たせた隙間嵌めで嵌合している、又は、締め代をゼロ以上として嵌合している。
尚、前記微小隙間の大きさは、例えば前記係止凹溝の底面の外径寸法をd1とした場合に、この外径寸法d1の0.3%以下の大きさの隙間を言う。
好ましくは、前記係止環の内周面と前記係止凹溝の底面との嵌合部と、この係止環の外周面と前記抑え環の内周面との嵌合部との何れか一方の嵌合部に関する締め代をゼロとし、他方の嵌合部に関する締め代をゼロよりも大きくする{締り嵌めにより嵌合(圧入)する}。
より好ましくは、前記係止環の内周面と前記係止凹溝の底面との嵌合部と、この係止環の外周面と前記抑え環の内周面との嵌合部との両方の嵌合部に関して、締め代をゼロよりも大きくする{締り嵌めにより嵌合(圧入)する}。
Particularly, in the toroidal type continuously variable transmission according to claim 1 of the toroidal type continuously variable transmission of the present invention, a portion between the inner peripheral surface of the locking ring and the bottom surface of the locking groove is provided. And, the portion between the outer peripheral surface of the locking ring and the inner peripheral surface of the restraining ring is fitted with a gap fit with a minute gap, or the tightening margin is set to zero or more. Match.
Note that the size of the minute gap refers to a gap having a size of 0.3% or less of the outer diameter dimension d1 when the outer diameter dimension of the bottom surface of the locking groove is d1, for example.
Preferably, any one of a fitting portion between the inner circumferential surface of the locking ring and the bottom surface of the locking groove, and a fitting portion between the outer circumferential surface of the locking ring and the inner circumferential surface of the restraining ring. The tightening allowance for one fitting portion is set to zero, and the tightening allowance for the other fitting portion is made larger than zero {fitting (press-fit) by interference fitting}.
More preferably, both the fitting portion between the inner circumferential surface of the locking ring and the bottom surface of the locking groove, and the fitting portion between the outer circumferential surface of the locking ring and the inner circumferential surface of the restraining ring With respect to the fitting portion, the fastening allowance is made larger than zero {fitting by press fitting (press-fit)}.

これに対し、請求項2に記載したトロイダル型無段変速機の場合には、前記他方の外側ディスクの一部を、前記抑え環に外嵌している。
そして、この抑え環の内周面と前記回転軸の先端部外周面との間部分、及び、この抑え環の外周面と前記他方の外側ディスクの内周面との間部分を何れも、微小隙間を持たせた隙間嵌めで嵌合している、又は、締め代をゼロ以上として嵌合している。
尚、前記微小隙間の大きさは、例えば前記回転軸の先端部外周面の外径寸法をd2とした場合に、この外径寸法d2の0.3%以下の大きさの隙間を言う。
好ましくは、前記抑え環の内周面と前記回転軸の先端部外周面との嵌合部と、この抑え環の外周面と前記他方の外側ディスクの内周面との嵌合部との何れか一方の嵌合部に関する締め代をゼロとし、他方の嵌合部に関する締め代をゼロよりも大きくする{締り嵌めにより嵌合(圧入)する}。
より好ましくは、前記抑え環の内周面と前記回転軸の先端部外周面との嵌合部と、この抑え環の外周面と前記他方の外側ディスクの内周面との嵌合部との両方の嵌合部に関して、締め代をゼロよりも大きくする{締り嵌めにより嵌合(圧入)する}。
On the other hand, in the case of the toroidal continuously variable transmission according to claim 2, a part of the other outer disk is externally fitted to the holding ring.
A portion between the inner peripheral surface of the holding ring and the outer peripheral surface of the tip end of the rotating shaft and a portion between the outer peripheral surface of the holding ring and the inner peripheral surface of the other outer disk are both minute. They are fitted with a gap fit with a gap, or are fitted with a tightening margin of zero or more.
Note that the size of the minute gap refers to a gap having a size of 0.3% or less of the outer diameter d2 when the outer diameter of the outer peripheral surface of the tip end portion of the rotating shaft is d2.
Preferably, any one of a fitting portion between the inner circumferential surface of the holding ring and the outer circumferential surface of the tip end portion of the rotating shaft, and a fitting portion between the outer circumferential surface of the holding ring and the inner circumferential surface of the other outer disk. The tightening allowance for one of the fitting portions is set to zero, and the tightening allowance for the other fitting portion is set to be larger than zero {fitting (press-fit) by an interference fit}.
More preferably, a fitting portion between the inner circumferential surface of the holding ring and the outer circumferential surface of the tip end portion of the rotating shaft, and a fitting portion between the outer circumferential surface of the holding ring and the inner circumferential surface of the other outer disk. For both fitting parts, the tightening margin is set to be larger than zero {fitting by press fitting (press-fit)}.

上述の様に構成する、本発明のトロイダル型無段変速機によれば、外側ディスクと係止環との間でフレッチング摩耗が発生するのを有効に防止できる。
即ち、本発明の場合には、係止環の内外両周面と係止凹溝の底面及び抑え環の内周面との間部分を何れも、微小隙間を持たせた隙間嵌めで嵌合するか、又は、締め代をゼロ以上として嵌合する(請求項1に記載した発明の場合)。或いは、抑え環の内外両周面と前記回転軸の先端部外周面及び(他方の)外側ディスクの内周面との間部分を何れも、微小隙間を持たせた隙間嵌めで嵌合するか、又は、締め代をゼロ以上として嵌合する(請求項2に記載した発明の場合)。この為、本発明によれば、前記外側ディスクが弾性変形する事に対する、前記係止環による支持剛性を向上する事ができるか(請求項1に記載した発明の場合)、又は、前記外側ディスクの弾性変形を、前記係止環に加えて、前記抑え環によっても支承できる(請求項2に記載した発明の場合)。従って、本発明によれば、前記外側ディスクの弾性変形(倒れ)を効果的に抑制する事ができ、この外側ディスクと前記係止環との相対変位量を小さくできる。この結果、これら外側ディスクと係止環との間で、フレッチング摩耗が発生する事を効果的に防止できる。
According to the toroidal-type continuously variable transmission of the present invention configured as described above, it is possible to effectively prevent fretting wear from occurring between the outer disk and the locking ring.
That is, in the case of the present invention, both the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the locking ring and the bottom surface of the locking groove and the inner peripheral surface of the retaining ring are fitted with a clearance fit with a minute gap. Or fitting with a tightening margin of zero or more (in the case of the invention described in claim 1). Alternatively, whether both the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the retaining ring and the outer peripheral surface of the tip end of the rotating shaft and the inner peripheral surface of the (other) outer disk are fitted with a clearance fit with a minute clearance. Or, the tightening allowance is set to zero or more (in the case of the invention described in claim 2). For this reason, according to the present invention, can the support rigidity by the locking ring be improved against the elastic deformation of the outer disk (in the case of the invention described in claim 1), or the outer disk In addition to the locking ring, the elastic deformation can be supported by the holding ring (in the case of the invention described in claim 2). Therefore, according to the present invention, the elastic deformation (falling) of the outer disk can be effectively suppressed, and the relative displacement between the outer disk and the locking ring can be reduced. As a result, it is possible to effectively prevent fretting wear from occurring between the outer disk and the locking ring.

本発明の実施の形態の第1例を示す、図8のX部拡大図に相当する図。The figure equivalent to the X section enlarged view of Drawing 8 showing the 1st example of an embodiment of the invention. 本発明の実施の形態の第2例を示す、図1と同様の図。The figure similar to FIG. 1 which shows the 2nd example of embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施の形態の第3例を示す、図1と同様の図。The figure similar to FIG. 1 which shows the 3rd example of embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施の形態の第4例を示す、図1と同様の図。The figure similar to FIG. 1 which shows the 4th example of embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施の形態の第5例を示す、図1と同様の図。The figure similar to FIG. 1 which shows the 5th example of embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施の形態の第6例を示す、図1と同様の図。The figure similar to FIG. 1 which shows the 6th example of embodiment of this invention. 従来構造の第1例を示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows the 1st example of a conventional structure. 同第2例を示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows the 2nd example. 同じく図8のX部拡大図(A)。The X section enlarged view of FIG. 8 (A). 先端側の入力側ディスクを取り出して示す斜視図。The perspective view which takes out and shows the input side disk of the front end side. 先端側の入力側ディスクと入力回転軸との係合部の状態を示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows the state of the engaging part of the input side disk of a front end side, and an input rotating shaft. 先端側の入力側ディスクが弾性変形した状態を誇張して示す模式図。The schematic diagram which exaggerates and shows the state which the input side disk of the front end side elastically deformed.

[実施の形態の第1例]
図1は、本発明の実施の形態の第1例を示している。尚、本例を含めて、本発明のトロイダル型無段変速機の特徴は、入力側ディスク2bと係止環15aとの間でフレッチング摩耗が発生するのを抑制する為の構造にある。その他の部分の構造及び作用は、前述の図8〜11に示した構造を含め、従来から知られているトロイダル型無段変速機と同様であるから、同等部分に関する図示及び説明は省略又は簡略にし、以下、本例の特徴部分を中心に説明する。
[First example of embodiment]
FIG. 1 shows a first example of an embodiment of the present invention. The feature of the toroidal type continuously variable transmission of the present invention including this example is a structure for suppressing the occurrence of fretting wear between the input side disk 2b and the locking ring 15a. Since the structure and operation of the other parts are the same as those of conventionally known toroidal-type continuously variable transmissions including the structures shown in FIGS. 8 to 11 described above, the illustration and explanation of the equivalent parts are omitted or simplified. In the following, the characteristic part of this example will be mainly described.

本例の場合、入力回転軸1aの先端部外周面で、前記入力側ディスク2bをスプライン係合させるスプライン軸部13から軸方向に外れた部分(先端側に隣接した部分)に、断面略矩形状の係止凹溝14aを全周に亙り形成している。そして、この係止凹溝14aに、複数(例えば2〜4個)の部分円弧状の素子から成る、コッタと呼ばれる係止環15aの径方向内半部を係止している。そして、この係止環15aの軸方向内側面(図1の左側面)のうち、前記係止凹溝14aから径方向外方に露出した径方向外端部を、前記入力側ディスク2bの軸方向外側面のうちの径方向内端部に当接させている(突き当てている)。尚、前記係止環15aの軸方向に関する厚さ寸法は、前記係止凹溝14aの軸方向に関する幅寸法よりも僅かに小さい。又、前記入力回転軸1aの先端部で、前記係止環15aの軸方向外側面に隣接する部分に、断面L字形の抑え環16を外嵌している。そして、この抑え環16により、前記係止環15aを径方向外方から覆って、この係止環15a(を構成する各素子)が前記係止凹溝14aから抜け出るのを防止している。又、前記入力回転軸1aの先端部に、止め輪17を係止する事により、前記抑え環16の軸方向変位を阻止している。尚、前記入力側ディスク2bが、特許請求の範囲に記載した他方の外側ディスクに相当し、この入力側ディスク2bの軸方向外側面が、特許請求の範囲に記載した他方の外側ディスクの軸方向他側面に相当する。   In the case of this example, the outer peripheral surface of the distal end portion of the input rotating shaft 1a is substantially rectangular in cross section in a portion (a portion adjacent to the distal end side) that is axially disengaged from the spline shaft portion 13 with which the input side disk 2b is spline engaged. A locking groove 14a having a shape is formed over the entire circumference. Then, the radially inner half of a locking ring 15a called a cotter, which is composed of a plurality of (for example, 2 to 4) partial arc-shaped elements, is locked in the locking groove 14a. Of the axially inner side surface (the left side surface in FIG. 1) of the locking ring 15a, the radially outer end exposed radially outward from the locking groove 14a is the axis of the input side disk 2b. It is made to contact | abut (abut against) the radial direction inner end part of a direction outer side surface. The thickness dimension in the axial direction of the locking ring 15a is slightly smaller than the width dimension in the axial direction of the locking groove 14a. In addition, a retaining ring 16 having an L-shaped cross section is externally fitted to a portion adjacent to the outer side surface in the axial direction of the locking ring 15a at the tip of the input rotating shaft 1a. The retaining ring 16 covers the locking ring 15a from the outside in the radial direction to prevent the locking ring 15a (each element constituting the locking ring 15a) from coming out of the locking groove 14a. Further, the retaining ring 17 is locked to the tip of the input rotating shaft 1a, thereby preventing the restraining ring 16 from being displaced in the axial direction. The input-side disk 2b corresponds to the other outer disk described in the claims, and the axially outer surface of the input-side disk 2b is the axial direction of the other outer disk described in the claims. It corresponds to the other side.

特に本例の場合には、上述の様に、前記係止環15a及び前記抑え環16を組み付けた状態で、この係止環15aの内周面と前記係止凹溝14aの底部(外周面)との間部分を、微小隙間を持たせた隙間嵌めで嵌合するか、又は、締め代をゼロ以上として嵌合すると共に、前記係止環15aの外周面と前記抑え環16の内周面との間部分を、微小隙間を持たせた隙間嵌めで嵌合するか、又は、締め代をゼロ以上として嵌合している。図示の例では、前記係止凹溝14aの底部に、前記係止環15aの内周面を締め代(圧入代)を有する状態で圧入すると共に、この係止環15aの外周面に、前記抑え環16の内周面を締め代を有する状態で圧入している。即ち、トロイダル型無段変速機の組み立て時に、前記係止環15a(を構成する各素子)を前記係止凹溝14aに係止し、この係止環15aの内周面とこの係止凹溝14aの底部とを当接乃至近接対向させた状態では、この係止環15aの外径寸法は、前記抑え環16の軸方向内端部(内半部)の内径寸法よりも僅かに大きい。そして、この係止環15aの外周面にこの抑え環16の内周面を締め代(圧入代)を有する状態で圧入する事により、これら係止環15aの外周面と抑え環16の内周面との間部分に加え、この係止環15aの内周面と前記係止凹溝14aの底部との間部分を、締め代を持たせた状態で嵌合している。尚、前記係止環15aの内周面と前記係止凹溝14aの底部との間部分、又は、この係止環15aの外周面と前記抑え環16の内周面との間部分を、微小隙間を持たせた隙間嵌めにより嵌合する場合の微小隙間の大きさは、例えば前記係止凹溝14aの底部の外径寸法をd1とした場合に、この外径寸法d1の0.3%以下の大きさの隙間を言う。   In particular, in the case of this example, as described above, with the locking ring 15a and the holding ring 16 assembled, the inner peripheral surface of the locking ring 15a and the bottom portion (outer peripheral surface of the locking groove 14a). ) Are fitted with a gap fit with a minute gap, or fitted with a tightening margin of zero or more, and the outer circumference of the locking ring 15a and the inner circumference of the restraining ring 16 The portion between the surfaces is fitted with a gap fit with a minute gap, or fitted with a tightening margin of zero or more. In the illustrated example, the inner peripheral surface of the locking ring 15a is press-fitted into the bottom of the locking groove 14a with a tightening margin (press-fitting allowance), and the outer peripheral surface of the locking ring 15a is The inner peripheral surface of the holding ring 16 is press-fitted with a tightening margin. That is, when the toroidal continuously variable transmission is assembled, the locking ring 15a (elements constituting the locking ring 15a) is locked in the locking groove 14a, and the inner peripheral surface of the locking ring 15a and the locking groove In a state where the bottom of the groove 14a is in contact with or in close proximity to each other, the outer diameter of the locking ring 15a is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the inner end (inner half) of the holding ring 16 in the axial direction. . Then, the inner peripheral surface of the retaining ring 15a and the inner periphery of the retaining ring 16 are press-fitted into the outer peripheral surface of the retaining ring 15a in a state having a fastening allowance (press fitting allowance). In addition to the portion between the surfaces, the portion between the inner peripheral surface of the locking ring 15a and the bottom of the locking groove 14a is fitted with a tightening margin. A portion between the inner peripheral surface of the locking ring 15a and the bottom of the locking groove 14a, or a portion between the outer peripheral surface of the locking ring 15a and the inner peripheral surface of the restraining ring 16, The size of the minute gap in the case of fitting by gap fitting with a minute gap is, for example, when the outer diameter dimension of the bottom portion of the locking groove 14a is d1, 0.3 of the outer diameter dimension d1. The gap of less than% is said.

上述の様に構成する本例のトロイダル型無段変速機によれば、前記入力側ディスク2bと前記係止環15aとの間でフレッチング摩耗が発生するのを有効に防止できる。
即ち、本例の場合には、前記係止環15aの内外両周面と前記係止凹溝14aの底部及び前記抑え環16の内周面とを何れも、微小隙間を持たせた隙間嵌めで嵌合するか、又は、締め代をゼロ以上として嵌合している。この為、前記入力側ディスク2bが弾性変形する事に対する前記係止環15aによる支持剛性を向上できる。従って、この入力側ディスク2bの弾性変形(倒れ)を抑制する事ができ、この入力側ディスク2bと前記係止環15aとの相対変位量を小さくできる。この結果、これら入力側ディスク2bと係止環15aとの間で、フレッチング摩耗が発生する事を効果的に防止できる。
その他の構成及び作用効果に就いては、前述した従来構造の場合と同様である。
According to the toroidal type continuously variable transmission of this example configured as described above, it is possible to effectively prevent fretting wear from occurring between the input side disk 2b and the locking ring 15a.
That is, in the case of this example, both the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the locking ring 15a, the bottom of the locking groove 14a, and the inner peripheral surface of the restraining ring 16 are both clearance fits with a minute gap. Or are fitted with a tightening margin of zero or more. For this reason, the support rigidity by the said locking ring 15a with respect to the said input side disk 2b being elastically deformed can be improved. Accordingly, the elastic deformation (falling) of the input side disk 2b can be suppressed, and the relative displacement between the input side disk 2b and the locking ring 15a can be reduced. As a result, it is possible to effectively prevent fretting wear between the input side disk 2b and the locking ring 15a.
Other configurations and operational effects are the same as those of the conventional structure described above.

[実施の形態の第2例]
図2は、本発明の実施の形態の第2例を示している。本例の場合にも、入力回転軸1aの先端部で、係止環15の軸方向外側面に隣接する部分に、断面L字形の抑え環16aを外嵌している。特に本例の場合には、この抑え環16aの内周面と前記入力回転軸1aの先端部外周面との間部分を、微小隙間を持たせた隙間嵌めで嵌合するか、又は、締め代をゼロ以上として嵌合している。又、入力側ディスク2cの軸方向外側面の径方向内端寄り部分に、軸方向に突出する状態で、円筒状の支持環部18を設けている。そして、この支持環部18の内周面と前記抑え環16aの外周面との間部分を、微小隙間を持たせた隙間嵌めで嵌合するか、又は、締め代をゼロ以上として嵌合している。尚、図示の例では、前記入力回転軸1aの先端部外周面に、前記抑え環16aの内周面を締め代(圧入代)を有する状態で圧入すると共に、この抑え環16aの外周面に、前記支持環部18の内周面を締め代を有する状態で圧入している。又、前記抑え環16aの内周面と前記入力回転軸1aの先端部外周面との間部分、又は、前記支持環部18の内周面と前記抑え環16aの外周面との間部分を、微小隙間を持たせた隙間嵌めにより嵌合する場合の微小隙間の大きさは、例えば前記入力回転軸1aの先端部外周面の外径寸法をd2とした場合に、この外径寸法d2の0.3%以下の大きさの隙間を言う。
[Second Example of Embodiment]
FIG. 2 shows a second example of the embodiment of the present invention. Also in the case of this example, a retaining ring 16a having an L-shaped cross section is externally fitted to a portion adjacent to the outer surface in the axial direction of the locking ring 15 at the distal end portion of the input rotating shaft 1a. Particularly in the case of this example, the portion between the inner peripheral surface of the restraining ring 16a and the outer peripheral surface of the tip end portion of the input rotating shaft 1a is fitted with a gap fitting with a minute gap or tightened. The mating is done with zero or more. Further, a cylindrical support ring portion 18 is provided in a state of protruding in the axial direction at a portion near the radially inner end of the axially outer side surface of the input side disk 2c. Then, the portion between the inner peripheral surface of the support ring portion 18 and the outer peripheral surface of the restraining ring 16a is fitted with a gap fit with a minute gap, or fitted with a margin of zero or more. ing. In the illustrated example, the inner peripheral surface of the restraining ring 16a is press-fitted into the outer peripheral surface of the input rotating shaft 1a with a tightening margin (press-fit allowance), and the outer circumferential surface of the restraining ring 16a. The inner peripheral surface of the support ring portion 18 is press-fitted with a tightening margin. Further, a portion between the inner peripheral surface of the holding ring 16a and the outer peripheral surface of the tip end portion of the input rotating shaft 1a, or a portion between the inner peripheral surface of the support ring portion 18 and the outer peripheral surface of the holding ring 16a. The size of the minute gap in the case of fitting by gap fitting with a minute gap is, for example, the outer diameter dimension d2 when the outer diameter dimension of the outer peripheral surface of the tip end portion of the input rotary shaft 1a is d2. A gap with a size of 0.3% or less.

以上の様な構成を有する本例のトロイダル型無段変速機の場合にも、前記入力側ディスク2cと前記係止環15との間でフレッチング摩耗が発生するのを有効に防止できる。
即ち、本例の場合には、前記抑え環16aの内外両周面と前記入力回転軸1aの先端部外周面及び前記支持環部18の内周面とを何れも、微小隙間を持たせた隙間嵌めで嵌合するか、又は、締め代をゼロ以上として嵌合している。この為、前記入力側ディスク2cの弾性変形を、前記係止環15に加えて、前記抑え環16aによっても支承できる(抑え環16aは径方向内方に向いた力を支承できる)。従って、前記入力側ディスク2cの弾性変形(倒れ)を抑制する事ができ、この入力側ディスク2cと前記係止環15との相対変位量を小さくできる。この結果、これら入力側ディスク2cと係止環15との間で、フレッチング摩耗が発生する事を効果的に防止できる。
その他の構成及び作用効果に就いては、前述した従来構造の場合と同様である。
Also in the case of the toroidal type continuously variable transmission of this example having the above-described configuration, it is possible to effectively prevent fretting wear from occurring between the input side disk 2c and the locking ring 15.
That is, in the case of this example, both the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the restraining ring 16a, the outer peripheral surface of the tip end portion of the input rotating shaft 1a, and the inner peripheral surface of the support ring portion 18 are each provided with a minute gap. They are fitted with a gap fit, or fitted with a tightening margin of zero or more. For this reason, the elastic deformation of the input side disk 2c can be supported by the restraining ring 16a in addition to the locking ring 15 (the restraining ring 16a can support a force directed radially inward). Therefore, the elastic deformation (falling) of the input side disk 2c can be suppressed, and the relative displacement between the input side disk 2c and the locking ring 15 can be reduced. As a result, it is possible to effectively prevent fretting wear between the input side disk 2c and the locking ring 15.
Other configurations and operational effects are the same as those of the conventional structure described above.

[実施の形態の第3例]
図3は、本発明の実施の形態の第3例を示している。本例の場合には、フレッチング摩耗の発生をより効果的に抑制すべく、前述した実施の形態の第1例の構造を更に工夫している。即ち、本例の場合には、係止環15bの軸方向内側面の径方向外端部に、軸方向に突出する状態で、係合筒部19を全周に亙り形成している。又、この係合筒部19の外周面を、先端側に向かう程外径寸法が小さくなる方向に傾斜したテーパ形状としている。一方、入力側ディスク2dの軸方向外側面の径方向内端部には、軸方向に凹んだ係合凹溝20を全周に亙り形成している。又、この係合凹溝20の底面(内周面)を、開口部に向かう程内径寸法が大きくなる方向に傾斜させると共に、その傾斜角度を前記係合筒部19の外周面の傾斜角度と同じとしている。本例の場合には、前記係止環15bを、入力回転軸1aの先端部外周面に形成した係止凹溝14aに係止した状態で、前記係合筒部19を前記係合凹溝20に係合している。そして、この係合筒部19の外周面を前記係合凹溝20の底面に全周に亙り当接させると共に、この係合筒部19の先端面(軸方向内側面)をこの係合凹溝20の軸方向側面(軸方向外側面)に全周に亙り当接させている。
[Third example of embodiment]
FIG. 3 shows a third example of the embodiment of the present invention. In the case of this example, the structure of the first example of the above-described embodiment is further devised in order to more effectively suppress the occurrence of fretting wear. That is, in the case of this example, the engagement cylinder portion 19 is formed over the entire circumference in a state of protruding in the axial direction on the radially outer end portion of the axially inner side surface of the locking ring 15b. Moreover, the outer peripheral surface of this engagement cylinder part 19 is made into the taper shape which inclined in the direction in which an outer diameter dimension becomes small, so that it goes to the front end side. On the other hand, an engaging groove 20 that is recessed in the axial direction is formed over the entire circumference at the radially inner end of the axially outer surface of the input side disk 2d. In addition, the bottom surface (inner peripheral surface) of the engaging groove 20 is inclined in a direction in which the inner diameter dimension increases toward the opening, and the inclination angle is equal to the inclination angle of the outer peripheral surface of the engaging tube portion 19. It is the same. In the case of this example, in the state where the locking ring 15b is locked to the locking groove 14a formed on the outer peripheral surface of the tip end portion of the input rotary shaft 1a, the engagement tube portion 19 is moved to the engagement groove. 20 is engaged. Then, the outer peripheral surface of the engagement tube portion 19 is brought into contact with the bottom surface of the engagement groove 20 over the entire periphery, and the distal end surface (the inner surface in the axial direction) of the engagement tube portion 19 is brought into contact with the engagement recess. The groove 20 is in contact with the axial side surface (axial outer surface) over the entire circumference.

以上の様な構成を有する本例の場合には、前記入力側ディスク2dの弾性変形(径方向内方に向いた力)を、前記係合筒部19の外周面(テーパ面)により効果的に支承する事ができる。従って、前記入力側ディスク2dの弾性変形を効果的に抑制できる。この結果、この入力側ディスク2dと前記係止環15bとの相対変位量を小さくできて、これら入力側ディスク2dと係止環15bとの間で、フレッチング摩耗が発生する事を効果的に防止できる。
その他の構成及び作用効果に就いては、前記実施の形態の第1例の場合と同様である。
In the case of this example having the above-described configuration, the elastic deformation (force directed inward in the radial direction) of the input side disk 2d is more effectively caused by the outer peripheral surface (tapered surface) of the engagement tube portion 19. Can be supported. Therefore, the elastic deformation of the input side disk 2d can be effectively suppressed. As a result, the relative displacement between the input side disk 2d and the locking ring 15b can be reduced, and fretting wear can be effectively prevented from occurring between the input side disk 2d and the locking ring 15b. it can.
About another structure and an effect, it is the same as that of the case of the 1st example of the said embodiment.

[実施の形態の第4例]
図4は、本発明の実施の形態の第4例を示している。本例の場合にも、フレッチング摩耗の発生をより効果的に抑制すべく、前述した実施の形態の第1例の構造を更に工夫している。即ち、本例の場合には、係止環15cの外径寸法を、この実施の形態の第1例の構造で使用した係止環15a(図1参照)の外径寸法よりも大きくしている。具体的には、この係止環15aに比べて、本例の係止環15cの径方向に関する幅寸法を2倍程度に大きくして、図4に斜格子模様で示した部分の分だけ断面積を増やしている。又、これに伴って、前記係止環15aを径方向外方から覆う状態で設けた、抑え環16bの外径寸法を、前記実施の形態の第1例の場合に比べて大きくしている。
[Fourth Example of Embodiment]
FIG. 4 shows a fourth example of the embodiment of the present invention. Also in this example, the structure of the first example of the above-described embodiment is further devised in order to more effectively suppress the occurrence of fretting wear. That is, in the case of this example, the outer diameter size of the locking ring 15c is made larger than the outer diameter size of the locking ring 15a (see FIG. 1) used in the structure of the first example of this embodiment. Yes. Specifically, the width dimension in the radial direction of the locking ring 15c of this example is about twice as large as that of the locking ring 15a, and the portion shown by the diagonal lattice pattern in FIG. The area is increasing. Accordingly, the outer diameter of the holding ring 16b provided in a state of covering the locking ring 15a from the outside in the radial direction is made larger than that in the first example of the embodiment. .

以上の様な構成を有する本例の場合には、前記係止環15cの断面積を、前記実施の形態の第1例の場合に比べて大きくできる為、断面二次モーメント{I=(1/12)bh3 }が大きくなり、曲げ応力{σ=(M/I)y、M:曲げモーメント}を小さくできる。この為、前記係止環15cを曲げ変形しにくくできる。従って、前記入力側ディスク2bの弾性変形(倒れ)を効果的に抑制する事ができ、この入力側ディスク2bと前記係止環15cとの相対変位量を小さくできる。この結果、これら入力側ディスク2bと係止環15cとの間で、フレッチング摩耗が発生する事を効果的に防止できる。
その他の構成及び作用効果に就いては、前記実施の形態の第1例の場合と同様である。
In the case of this example having the above-described configuration, the sectional area of the locking ring 15c can be made larger than that in the case of the first example of the embodiment, so that the sectional moment of inertia {I = (1 / 12) bh 3 } increases, and bending stress {σ = (M / I) y, M: bending moment} can be reduced. Therefore, the locking ring 15c can be hardly bent and deformed. Accordingly, the elastic deformation (falling) of the input side disk 2b can be effectively suppressed, and the relative displacement between the input side disk 2b and the locking ring 15c can be reduced. As a result, it is possible to effectively prevent fretting wear between the input side disk 2b and the locking ring 15c.
About another structure and an effect, it is the same as that of the case of the 1st example of the said embodiment.

[実施の形態の第5例]
図5は、本発明の実施の形態の第5例を示している。本例の場合にも、フレッチング摩耗の発生をより効果的に抑制すべく、前述した実施の形態の第1例の構造を更に工夫している。即ち、本例の場合には、係止環15dとして、軸方向に関する厚さ寸法が、係止凹溝14aの軸方向に関する幅寸法よりも十分に小さいものを使用している。そして、前記係止環15dの軸方向内側面と入力側ディスク2bの軸方向外側面との間で挟持する様に、円輪状のスペーサ21を前記係止凹溝14aに係止している。このスペーサ21は、前記係止環15dよりも摩擦係数の低い合成樹脂製であり、その径方向内半部が前記係止凹溝14aに係止された状態で、その径方向外半部が前記係止環15dの軸方向内側面と前記入力側ディスク2bの軸方向外側面との間で挟持されている。尚、スペーサ21に使用可能な合成樹脂としては、例えばフェノール、ポリアミド、ポリフェニレンサルファイド(PPS)、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン(PEEK)、ポリイミド等を使用する事ができ、これらに強化材として、ガラス繊維、カーボン繊維、アラミド繊維等を添加する事ができる。
[Fifth Example of Embodiment]
FIG. 5 shows a fifth example of the embodiment of the present invention. Also in this example, the structure of the first example of the above-described embodiment is further devised in order to more effectively suppress the occurrence of fretting wear. That is, in the case of this example, as the locking ring 15d, a thickness dimension in the axial direction is sufficiently smaller than the width dimension in the axial direction of the locking groove 14a. An annular spacer 21 is locked to the locking groove 14a so as to be sandwiched between the axial inner surface of the locking ring 15d and the axial outer surface of the input side disk 2b. The spacer 21 is made of a synthetic resin having a lower friction coefficient than the locking ring 15d, and the radially outer half of the spacer 21 is locked in the locking groove 14a. It is sandwiched between the axial inner side surface of the locking ring 15d and the axial outer side surface of the input side disk 2b. In addition, as a synthetic resin which can be used for the spacer 21, for example, phenol, polyamide, polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyimide or the like can be used, and glass fiber, Carbon fiber, aramid fiber, etc. can be added.

以上の様な構成を有する本例の場合には、前記スペーサ21を、前記係止環15dの軸方向内側面と前記入力側ディスク2bの軸方向外側面との間に介在させている為、これら係止環15dの軸方向内側面と入力側ディスク2bの軸方向外側面とが直接擦れ合う事を防止できる。この為、これら入力側ディスク2bと係止環15dとの間で、フレッチング摩耗が発生する事を防止できる。
その他の構成及び作用効果に就いては、前記実施の形態の第1例の場合と同様である。
In the case of this example having the above configuration, the spacer 21 is interposed between the axial inner side surface of the locking ring 15d and the axial outer side surface of the input side disk 2b. It is possible to prevent the axially inner surface of the locking ring 15d and the axially outer surface of the input side disk 2b from rubbing directly. For this reason, fretting wear can be prevented from occurring between the input side disk 2b and the locking ring 15d.
About another structure and an effect, it is the same as that of the case of the 1st example of the said embodiment.

[実施の形態の第6例]
図6は、本発明の実施の形態の第6例を示している。本例の場合にも、フレッチング摩耗の発生をより効果的に抑制すべく、前述した実施の形態の第1例の構造を更に工夫している。即ち、本例の場合には、係止環15eとして、その表面(全表面)に皮膜22を形成したものを使用している。具体的には、この係止環15eの表面に、潤滑性を向上させるべく、表面処理を施して、二硫化モリブデン、PTFE等の固体潤滑剤の固体潤滑膜を形成したり、無電解ニッケルメッキにより構成される硬質皮膜を形成したりしている。
[Sixth Example of Embodiment]
FIG. 6 shows a sixth example of the embodiment of the present invention. Also in this example, the structure of the first example of the above-described embodiment is further devised in order to more effectively suppress the occurrence of fretting wear. That is, in the case of this example, as the locking ring 15e, the one having the film 22 formed on the surface (all surfaces) is used. Specifically, the surface of the locking ring 15e is subjected to a surface treatment to improve lubricity to form a solid lubricant film of a solid lubricant such as molybdenum disulfide or PTFE, or electroless nickel plating. The hard film comprised by these is formed.

以上の様な構成を有する本例の場合には、前記係止環15eの表面に、固体潤滑膜や硬質皮膜等の潤滑性向上の為の皮膜22を形成している為、この係止環15eの軸方向内側面を、前記皮膜22を介して、入力側ディスク2bの軸方向外側面に突き当てる事ができる。この為、前記係止環15eの軸方向内側面を直接当接させる(金属接触させる)場合に比べて、フレッチング摩耗が発生するのを有効に防止できる。
尚、前記皮膜22は、前記係止環15eの表面のうち、軸方向内側面にのみ形成する事も可能である。
その他の構成及び作用効果に就いては、前記実施の形態の第1例の場合と同様である。
In the case of this example having the above-described configuration, a coating 22 for improving lubricity such as a solid lubricating film or a hard coating is formed on the surface of the locking ring 15e. The inner side surface in the axial direction of 15e can be brought into contact with the outer side surface in the axial direction of the input side disk 2b through the film 22. For this reason, it is possible to effectively prevent the occurrence of fretting wear as compared with the case where the axial inner surface of the locking ring 15e is brought into direct contact (metal contact).
In addition, the said film | membrane 22 can also be formed only in the axial direction inner surface among the surfaces of the said locking ring 15e.
About another structure and an effect, it is the same as that of the case of the 1st example of the said embodiment.

[参考例の第1例〜第4例]
本発明に関連する参考例に就いて以下説明する。尚、本参考例は、図面に表れる構造は、前述した実施の形態の第3例〜第6例の構造と同じである為、図示は省略するが、これら実施の形態の第3例〜第6例の構造とは異なり、係止環15a(15b、15c、15d、15e)の内周面と係止凹溝14aの底面との間部分と、この係止環15a(15b、15c、15d、15e)の外周面と抑え環16a(16b)の内周面との間部分とのうち、少なくとも一方の間部分を、比較的大きな隙間を持たせた隙間嵌めにより嵌合している。尚、この比較的大きな隙間とは、例えば係止凹溝14aの底部の外径寸法d1の0.3%よりも大きな隙間を言う。
[First to fourth examples of reference examples]
Reference examples related to the present invention will be described below. In this reference example, the structure shown in the drawings is the same as the structure of the third to sixth examples of the above-described embodiment, and therefore the illustration is omitted, but the third to fourth examples of these embodiments are omitted. Unlike the structure of the six examples, the portion between the inner peripheral surface of the locking ring 15a (15b, 15c, 15d, 15e) and the bottom surface of the locking groove 14a, and the locking ring 15a (15b, 15c, 15d) 15e) and at least one of the portions between the outer peripheral surface of the retaining ring 16a (16b) and the inner peripheral surface of the restraining ring 16a (16b) are fitted with a gap fitting with a relatively large gap. The relatively large gap refers to a gap larger than 0.3% of the outer diameter d1 of the bottom of the locking groove 14a, for example.

参考例の第1例の場合には、実施の形態の第3例の構造と同様に、係止環15bに設けた係合筒部19の外周面をテーパ面とする事で、フレッチング摩耗の防止を図っている。同様に、参考例の第2例の場合には、実施の形態の第4例の構造と同様に、係止環15cの外径寸法を大きくする事で、フレッチング摩耗の防止を図っている。又、参考例の第3例の場合には、実施の形態の第5例の構造と同様に、係止環15dの軸方向内側面と入力側ディスク2bの軸方向外側面との間に、合成樹脂製のスペーサ21を介在させる事で、フレッチング摩耗の防止を図っている。更に、参考例の第4例の場合には、係止環15eの表面(全表面)に固体潤滑被膜等の皮膜22を形成する事で、フレッチング摩耗の防止を図っている。又、参考例の第1例〜第4例のその他の部分の構造に就いては、前述した実施の形態の第1例及び従来構造の場合と同様である。   In the case of the first example of the reference example, similar to the structure of the third example of the embodiment, the outer peripheral surface of the engagement cylinder portion 19 provided on the locking ring 15b is a tapered surface, thereby preventing fretting wear. I'm trying to prevent it. Similarly, in the case of the second example of the reference example, fretting wear is prevented by increasing the outer diameter of the locking ring 15c, as in the structure of the fourth example of the embodiment. In the case of the third example of the reference example, similarly to the structure of the fifth example of the embodiment, between the axial inner side surface of the locking ring 15d and the axial outer side surface of the input side disk 2b, By interposing a synthetic resin spacer 21, fretting wear is prevented. Furthermore, in the case of the fourth example of the reference example, fretting wear is prevented by forming a film 22 such as a solid lubricating film on the surface (entire surface) of the locking ring 15e. The structure of the other parts of the first to fourth examples of the reference example is the same as that of the first example of the embodiment and the conventional structure.

本発明は、図示の様なハーフトロイダル型のトロイダル型無段変速機に限らず、フルトロイダル型のトロイダル型無段変速機にも適用できる。又、前述した実施の形態の各例及び参考例の各例の構造は、適宜組み合わせて実施する事ができる。   The present invention can be applied not only to the toroidal type continuously variable transmission of the half toroidal type as shown, but also to the toroidal type continuously variable transmission of the full toroidal type. Further, the structures of the examples of the embodiment and the examples of the reference example can be implemented in appropriate combination.

1、1a 入力回転軸
2a、2b、2c、2d 入力側ディスク
3 出力筒
4 出力歯車
5、5a 出力側ディスク
6 パワーローラ
7 トラニオン
8 駆動軸
9 押圧装置
10a、10b 予圧ばね
11 ローディングナット
12 スプライン孔
13 スプライン軸部
14、14a 係止凹溝
15、15a〜15e 係止環
16、16a、16b 抑え環
17 止め輪
18 支持環部
19 係合筒部
20 係合凹溝
21 スペーサ
22 皮膜
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 1a Input rotating shaft 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d Input side disk 3 Output cylinder 4 Output gear 5, 5a Output side disk 6 Power roller 7 Trunnion 8 Drive shaft 9 Pressing device 10a, 10b Preload spring 11 Loading nut 12 Spline hole 13 Spline shaft portion 14, 14a Locking groove 15, 15a-15e Locking ring 16, 16a, 16b Retaining ring 17 Retaining ring 18 Support ring portion 19 Engaging cylinder portion 20 Engaging groove 21 Spacer 22 Film

Claims (2)

回転軸と、1対の外側ディスクと、内側ディスクと、複数の支持部材と、これら各支持部材と同数のパワーローラと、押圧装置と、係止環と、抑え環とを備え、
このうちの回転軸は、先端部外周面に係止凹溝が設けられており、
前記両外側ディスクは、それぞれが断面円弧形のトロイド曲面である互いの軸方向片側面同士を対向させた状態で、前記回転軸と同期した回転を可能にこの回転軸に支持されており、
前記内側ディスクは、前記回転軸の軸方向中間部周囲に、断面円弧形のトロイド曲面である軸方向両側面を前記両外側ディスクの軸方向片側面に対向させた状態で、前記回転軸に対しこの回転軸に対する相対回転を可能に支持されており、
前記各支持部材は、軸方向に関して前記内側ディスクの軸方向両側面と前記両外側ディスクの軸方向片側面との間位置にそれぞれ複数個ずつ、前記回転軸に対し捩れの位置にある枢軸を中心とする揺動変位を可能に設けられており、
前記各パワーローラは、前記各支持部材に回転自在に支持され、部分球状凸面であるそれぞれの外周面を、前記内側ディスクの軸方向両側面と前記両外側ディスクの軸方向片側面とに当接させており、
前記押圧装置は、前記回転軸と、前記両外側ディスクのうちの一方の外側ディスクとの間に設けられ、この一方の外側ディスクを、これら両外側ディスクのうちの他方の外側ディスクに向けて押圧するものであり、
前記係止環は、前記係止凹溝に係止され、その軸方向片側面を、軸方向に関して対向する前記他方の外側ディスクの軸方向他側面に当接させる事で、この他方の外側ディスクが前記一方の外側ディスクから離れる方向に変位するのを阻止するものであり、
前記抑え環は、前記回転軸の先端部に外嵌された状態で、前記係止環を径方向外方から覆うものである、トロイダル型無段変速機に於いて、
前記係止環の内周面と前記係止凹溝の底面との間部分、及び、この係止環の外周面と前記抑え環の内周面との間部分が何れも、微小隙間を持たせた隙間嵌めで嵌合している、又は、締め代をゼロ以上として嵌合している、事を特徴とするトロイダル型無段変速機。
A rotation shaft, a pair of outer disks, an inner disk, a plurality of support members, the same number of power rollers as each of the support members, a pressing device, a locking ring, and a restraining ring;
Of these, the rotating shaft is provided with a locking groove on the outer peripheral surface of the tip,
The both outer disks are supported by the rotating shaft so as to be able to rotate in synchronization with the rotating shaft in a state in which the respective one side surfaces in the axial direction facing each other are toroidal curved surfaces each having a circular arc cross section.
The inner disk is disposed around the rotating shaft in a state where both axial side surfaces, which are toroidal curved surfaces having an arcuate cross section, are opposed to one axial side surface of the outer disks, around an axial middle portion of the rotating shaft. On the other hand, it is supported so that it can rotate relative to this rotation axis.
Each of the supporting members is centered on a pivot that is twisted with respect to the rotating shaft, and a plurality of each of the supporting members is located between the axially opposite side surfaces of the inner disk and the axially one side surface of the outer disks. Is provided so that the swing displacement can be
Each of the power rollers is rotatably supported by each of the support members, and the outer peripheral surfaces which are partially spherical convex surfaces are in contact with both axial side surfaces of the inner disk and axial side surfaces of the outer disks. Let
The pressing device is provided between the rotating shaft and one outer disk of the two outer disks, and presses the one outer disk toward the other outer disk of the two outer disks. Is what
The locking ring is locked in the locking groove, and one side surface in the axial direction thereof is brought into contact with the other side surface in the axial direction of the other outer disk facing in the axial direction. Is prevented from moving away from the one outer disk,
In the toroidal continuously variable transmission, the retaining ring covers the locking ring from the outside in the radial direction in a state of being fitted on the tip of the rotating shaft.
The portion between the inner peripheral surface of the locking ring and the bottom surface of the locking groove and the portion between the outer peripheral surface of the locking ring and the inner peripheral surface of the holding ring have a minute gap. A toroidal-type continuously variable transmission that is fitted with a closed clearance fit, or is fitted with a tightening margin of zero or more.
回転軸と、1対の外側ディスクと、内側ディスクと、複数の支持部材と、これら各支持部材と同数のパワーローラと、押圧装置と、係止環と、抑え環とを備え、
このうちの回転軸は、先端部外周面に係止凹溝が設けられており、
前記両外側ディスクは、それぞれが断面円弧形のトロイド曲面である互いの軸方向片側面同士を対向させた状態で、前記回転軸と同期した回転を可能にこの回転軸に支持されており、
前記内側ディスクは、前記回転軸の軸方向中間部周囲に、断面円弧形のトロイド曲面である軸方向両側面を前記両外側ディスクの軸方向片側面に対向させた状態で、前記回転軸に対しこの回転軸に対する相対回転を可能に支持されており、
前記各支持部材は、軸方向に関して前記内側ディスクの軸方向両側面と前記両外側ディスクの軸方向片側面との間位置にそれぞれ複数個ずつ、前記回転軸に対し捩れの位置にある枢軸を中心とする揺動変位を可能に設けられており、
前記各パワーローラは、前記各支持部材に回転自在に支持され、部分球状凸面であるそれぞれの外周面を、前記内側ディスクの軸方向両側面と前記両外側ディスクの軸方向片側面とに当接させており、
前記押圧装置は、前記回転軸と、前記両外側ディスクのうちの一方の外側ディスクとの間に設けられ、この一方の外側ディスクを、これら両外側ディスクのうちの他方の外側ディスクに向けて押圧するものであり、
前記係止環は、前記係止凹溝に係止され、その軸方向片側面を、軸方向に関して対向する前記他方の外側ディスクの軸方向他側面に当接させる事で、この他方の外側ディスクが前記一方の外側ディスクから離れる方向に変位するのを阻止するものであり、
前記抑え環は、前記回転軸の先端部に外嵌された状態で、前記係止環を径方向外方から覆うものである、トロイダル型無段変速機に於いて、
前記他方の外側ディスクの一部が前記抑え環に外嵌されており、
この抑え環の内周面と前記回転軸の先端部外周面との間部分、及び、この抑え環の外周面と前記他方のディスクの内周面との間部分が何れも、微小隙間を持たせた隙間嵌めで嵌合している、又は、締め代をゼロ以上として嵌合している、事を特徴とするトロイダル型無段変速機。
A rotation shaft, a pair of outer disks, an inner disk, a plurality of support members, the same number of power rollers as each of the support members, a pressing device, a locking ring, and a restraining ring;
Of these, the rotating shaft is provided with a locking groove on the outer peripheral surface of the tip,
The both outer disks are supported by the rotating shaft so as to be able to rotate in synchronization with the rotating shaft in a state in which the respective one side surfaces in the axial direction facing each other are toroidal curved surfaces each having a circular arc cross section.
The inner disk is disposed around the rotating shaft in a state where both axial side surfaces, which are toroidal curved surfaces having an arcuate cross section, are opposed to one axial side surface of the outer disks, around an axial middle portion of the rotating shaft. On the other hand, it is supported so that it can rotate relative to this rotation axis.
Each of the supporting members is centered on a pivot that is twisted with respect to the rotating shaft, and a plurality of each of the supporting members is located between the axially opposite side surfaces of the inner disk and the axially one side surface of the outer disks. Is provided so that the swing displacement can be
Each of the power rollers is rotatably supported by each of the support members, and the outer peripheral surfaces which are partially spherical convex surfaces are in contact with both axial side surfaces of the inner disk and axial side surfaces of the outer disks. Let
The pressing device is provided between the rotating shaft and one outer disk of the two outer disks, and presses the one outer disk toward the other outer disk of the two outer disks. Is what
The locking ring is locked in the locking groove, and one side surface in the axial direction thereof is brought into contact with the other side surface in the axial direction of the other outer disk facing in the axial direction. Is prevented from moving away from the one outer disk,
In the toroidal continuously variable transmission, the retaining ring covers the locking ring from the outside in the radial direction in a state of being fitted on the tip of the rotating shaft.
A portion of the other outer disk is externally fitted to the restraining ring;
A portion between the inner peripheral surface of the retaining ring and the outer peripheral surface of the tip end of the rotating shaft and a portion between the outer peripheral surface of the retaining ring and the inner peripheral surface of the other disk have a minute gap. A toroidal-type continuously variable transmission that is fitted with a closed clearance fit, or is fitted with a tightening margin of zero or more.
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2019001338A (en) * 2017-06-16 2019-01-10 住友重機械工業株式会社 Wheel drive device and series of wheel drive device

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003343674A (en) * 2002-05-23 2003-12-03 Nsk Ltd Toroidal type continuously variable transmission
JP2014062569A (en) * 2012-09-20 2014-04-10 Nsk Ltd Toroidal type continuously variable transmission

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003343674A (en) * 2002-05-23 2003-12-03 Nsk Ltd Toroidal type continuously variable transmission
JP2014062569A (en) * 2012-09-20 2014-04-10 Nsk Ltd Toroidal type continuously variable transmission

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2019001338A (en) * 2017-06-16 2019-01-10 住友重機械工業株式会社 Wheel drive device and series of wheel drive device

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