JP2015526548A - グリセリンエーテルエトキシレートソルファクタント - Google Patents
グリセリンエーテルエトキシレートソルファクタント Download PDFInfo
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- JP2015526548A JP2015526548A JP2015520162A JP2015520162A JP2015526548A JP 2015526548 A JP2015526548 A JP 2015526548A JP 2015520162 A JP2015520162 A JP 2015520162A JP 2015520162 A JP2015520162 A JP 2015520162A JP 2015526548 A JP2015526548 A JP 2015526548A
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Abstract
Description
本発明の利点は、新規ソルファクタントシステムである。いくつかの形態において、本発明は、新規グリセリンエーテルエトキシレートソルファクタントと、種々の組成物中でこれを用いるための方法と、に関する。いくつかの形態において、本発明は、本発明のソルファクタント化合物を、界面活性剤及び/又は溶媒システムとして使用する方法を提供する。
本発明は、新規グリセリンエーテルエトキシレートソルファクタントに関する。本組成物は、従来のアルコールエトキシレート界面活性剤に勝る、例えば、界面活性剤と溶媒の両方としての、低発泡性プロフィール、低粘度(例えば、ソルファクタントについてゲル曲線は無い)、及び処方性能を含む、種々の利点を有する。本発明の化合物は、種々のクリーニング及び/又は消毒構成要素と組合せて使用することができ、有利には、4級アンモニウム化合物を含んで同時のクリーニング及び消毒効力を提供する。ソルファクタントは、好ましくは液体処方に取り込まれ、そして多くの用途を有し、その用途には抗微生物剤、カップリング剤、ヒドロトロープ、及び消毒剤が含まれるが限定はされない。本発明の態様は、グリセリンエーテルエトキシレートの具体的な作製方法、及び/又はこれを用いる方法に限定されず、変化することができ、かつ当業者に理解される。本明細書で使用されるすべての専門用語は、具体的な態様のみを説明する目的のためのものであり、いかなる方法又は範囲を限定することも意図されていない、ということがさらに理解されるべきである。例えば、本明細書及び添付の特許請求の範囲で使用されるように、単数形「a」、「an」及び「the」は、その内容が明らかに別段の指示をしていない限り、複数の指示対象を含むことができる。さらに、すべての単位、接頭辞、及び記号は、そのSIで認められた形で表してよい。本明細書内で列挙される数値範囲は、範囲を画定する数値を含み、定義された範囲内の各整数を含む。
本発明のある態様によれば、以下の式のグリセリンエーテルエトキシレートソルファクタントが提供される:
本発明の追加の態様によれば、EO−POグリセリンエーテル及び/又はPOグリセリンエーテル及び/又はPO−EOグリセリンエーテルが、本明細書に開示されたソルファクタントを必要とする組成物における使用のために提供される。
本発明の組成物は、本発明の方法に記載の使用用途を含む種々のクリーニング組成物における使用に適切であり得る。本発明のある形態において、この組成物は、例えば米国特許第7,341,983号(これは参照することにより本明細書に組み込まれる)に記載されているような、追加の界面活性剤及び/又は追加の機能性成分(例えば、界面活性剤、溶媒、金属イオン封鎖剤、再付着防止剤、増粘剤、漂白剤、充填剤、消泡剤、分散剤、染料、芳香剤、保存剤、他の補助剤、ヒドロトロープ、水など)を含むように、さらに処方することができる。特定の材料は例示の目的でのみ与えられていること、及び幅広い種類の他の機能性材料を使用してもよいことが、当業者及び他の者に理解されるべきである。例えば、機能性材料の多くはクリーニング用途で使用される材料に関係するが、他の態様が他の用途で使用するための機能性材料を含み得るということが、理解されるべきである。
本発明の新規グリセリンエーテルエトキシレート、POグリセリンエーテル、PO−EPグリセリンエーテル、及び/又はEO−POグリセリンエーテルの製造方法は、エチレンオキシド(EO又はC2H4O)及び/又はプロピレンオキシド(PO又はC3H6O)を使用して、アルコールと化合させて本発明の新規界面活性剤を作り出す、周知のエトキシル化及び/又はプロポキシル化法を用いる。
有益なことに、本発明のある形態において、ソルファクタントは、クリーニング組成物中の溶媒の必要量を代替する及び/又は減少させることができる構成要素を提供する。本発明の理論に従って拘束されるものではないが、本明細書に開示のソルファクタントは、界面活性剤及び溶媒としての複合効力を提供し、ソルファクタントを用いる最終組成物の、向上した汚れ除去特性、及び望ましくは粘度調整(これは、組成物の意図される最終用途に従って変動する)を提供する。
有用な非イオン性界面活性剤は一般に、有機疎水性基と有機親水性基の存在によって特徴付けられ、典型的には、有機脂肪族、アルキル芳香族、又はポリオキシアルキレン疎水性化合物と、親水性アルカリ性酸化物部分(これは通常、エチレンオキシド又はその多水和生成物であるポリエチレングリコールである)との縮合によって製造される。実際には、反応性水素原子を備える、ヒドロキシル基、カルボキシル基、アミノ基、又はアミド基を有する任意の疎水性化合物は、エチレンオキシドと、又はその多水和付加物と、又はプロピレンオキシドなどのアルコキシレンとのその混合物と、縮合して、非イオン性界面活性剤を生成することができる。任意の特定の疎水性化合物と縮合される親水性ポリオキシアルキレン部分の長さは、親水性と疎水性とのバランスの所望の程度を有する水分散性又は水溶性化合物を生成するように、容易に調整することができる。有用な非イオン性界面活性剤は以下を含む:
非イオン性界面活性剤の半極性タイプは、本発明の組成物に有用な別のクラスの非イオン性界面活性剤である。一般に、半極性非イオン性物質は、高発泡剤及び発泡安定剤であり、これが、CIPシステムにおけるそれらの適用を制限する可能性がある。しかしながら、高発泡クリーニング法向けに設計された本発明の組成物態様内で、半極性非イオン性物質は、即時の有用性を有するであろう。半極性非イオン性界面活性剤は、アミンオキシド、ホスフィンオキシド、スルホキシド、及びこれらのアルコキシル化誘導体を含む。
本発明で同様に有用なものは、疎水性物質上の電荷が負であるためにアニオン性物質として分類される界面活性物質;又はpHが中性以上に上昇しない限り(カルボン酸)、分子の疎水性領域が電荷を持たない界面活性剤(例えばカルボン酸)である。カルボキシレート、スルホネート、サルフェート、及びホスフェートは、アニオン性界面活性剤中に見られる極性(親水性)可溶化基である。これらの極性基に関連するカチオン(対イオン)の中で、ナトリウム、リチウム、及びカリウムは水溶性を付与し;アンモニウム及び置換アンモニウムイオンは、水溶性と脂溶性の両方を提供し;そしてカルシウム、バリウム、及びマグネシウムは、脂溶性を促進する。当業者には理解されるように、アニオン性物質は優れた洗浄用界面活性剤であり、従って、強力な洗浄組成物への好適な追加物である。
界面活性物質は、分子のヒドロトロープ部分の電荷が正である場合、カチオン性として分類される。pHが中性近くまで又はそれ以下に低下しない限りヒドロトロープが電荷を保有しないが、カチオン性(例えばアルキルアミン)である、界面活性剤も、この群に含まれる。理論的にはカチオン性界面活性剤は、「オニウム」構造RnX+Y−−を含む要素の任意の組み合わせから合成することができ、リン(ホスホニウム)及び硫黄(スルホニウム)などの、窒素(アンモニウム)以外の化合物を含みうる。実際には、カチオン性界面活性剤分野は、窒素含有化合物により占められており、これはおそらく、窒素含有カチオン性物質への合成経路は単純かつ容易であり、生成物の収量が高く、従ってこれらをより安価にすることができるためである。
両性(amphoteric)、又は両性電解質(ampholytic)界面活性剤は、塩基性及び酸性親水性基と有機疎水性基の両方を含有する。これらのイオン性物質は、他の種類の界面活性剤について本明細書に記載したアニオン性又はカチオン性基のいずれであってもよい。塩基性窒素及び酸性カルボキシレート基は、塩基性及び酸性親水性基として用いられる典型的な官能基である。いくつかの界面活性剤では、スルホネート、サルフェート、ホスホネート、又はホスフェートは、負電荷を提供する。
双性イオン性界面活性剤は、両性界面活性剤のサブセットとして考えることができ、アニオン電荷を含むことができる。双性イオン性界面活性剤は、2級及び3級アミンの誘導体、複素環式2級及び3級アミンの誘導体、又は4級アンモニウム、4級ホスホニウム若しくは3級スルホニウム化合物の誘導体として、広く記述することができる。典型的には、双性イオン性界面活性剤は、陽性荷電した4級アンモニウムを含み、又はある場合には、スルホニウム又はホスホニウムイオン;陰性荷電カルボキシル基;及びアルキル基を含む。双性イオン性物質は、一般に、分子の等電領域においてほぼ同程度にイオン化し、かつ正電荷中心と負電荷中心との間の強力な「分子内塩」引力を生じることのできる、カチオン性基とアニオン性基を含有する。このような双性イオン性合成界面活性剤の例は、脂肪族4級アンモニウム、ホスホニウム、及びスルホニウム化合物の誘導体を含み、ここで、脂肪族基は直鎖又は分岐鎖であることができ、脂肪族置換基の1つは8〜18個の炭素原子を含有し、1つは、アニオン性水可溶化基、例えば、カルボキシ、スルホネート、サルフェート、ホスフェート、又はホスホネートを含有する。
本発明のグリセリンエーテルエトキシレートソルファクタントは、例えば本明細書に開示の種々の組成物において、アルコールエトキシレート界面活性剤(全体又は一部)の置換物及び/又は代替物として使用するのによく適している。本明細書の開示から、当業者は、グリセリンエーテルエトキシレートソルファクタントが、アルコールエトキシレートが通常に使用される任意の用途、方法、又は使用で使用することができることを、確認できるであろう。
本発明のグリセリンエーテルエトキシレートを製造するための最初のベンチ法は、エチレンオキシド(EO又はC2H4O)を使用して、グリセリンエーテル上でアルコール(エトキシル化に適した−OH基)と結合させ、新規界面活性剤を作製する、エトキシル化法を使用した。最初の方法は、触媒反応のイミテーター(imitator)として水酸化カリウム(KOH)を使用した。水酸化カリウム、エチレンオキシド、及びグリセリンエーテル前駆体を、加熱し加圧した反応器中で結合させ、エチレンオキシドと反応することのできるカチオン性アルコールを作製した。
種々の2−エチルヘキサノールグリセリンエーテルエトキシレートソルファクタントを、KOH触媒によるエトキシル化を用いて製造した。新規ソルファクタントの例示的セットの種々の物理的及び化学的特性を表1に示す。
本発明の2−エチルヘキサノールグリセリンエーテルエトキシレート(2EHGE)ソルファクタントを、赤い汚れと黒い汚れとを試験するために調製したクリーニング組成物中で、市販のTomadol(登録商標)エトキシル化アルコールと比較して分析した。評価された処方は表2に示される。Tomadol界面活性剤は、以下の構造が有する:RO(CH2CH2O)nH(ここで、Rは、直鎖アルコールから得られる疎水性部分であり、nはアルコール1モル当たりのエチレンオキシドの平均モル数である)。さらに、市販のクリーニング組成物であるSuper Excellnet Standard(NPE9.50)(Ecolab Inc.)もまた、比較組成物として使用した。エトキシル化アルコールの直接の代替物を提供するために、グリセリンエーテルエトキシレートを用いて2EHGEソルファクタント組成物を調製した。ここで、図1に示される種々の処方で同じモル数のエチレンオキシドが使用された。
約50gのミネラルスピリット、約5gの鉱物油、約5gのモーターオイル、約2.5gの黒色顔料分散物、及び約37.5gのバンディブラッククレイを含む黒い汚れを調製した。
ラード、油、タンパク質、及び酸化鉄(III)(カラー用)からなる赤色汚れを調製した。約30gのラードを、約30gのコーン油、約15gの粉末全卵、及び約1.5gのFe2O3と一緒にした。
Glewwe発泡計を用いて、市販のエトキシル化アルコールと比較して、エトキシル化グリセリンエーテルソルファクタントについて泡試験を行った。Glewwe発泡計は、静的試験ではなく動的な泡試験を提供し、これは工業的条件のシミュレーションにより適切であると考えられている。Glewwe泡試験用の装置及び一般的な手順は、米国特許第3,899,387号及び5,447,648号(これらは、その全体が参照することにより本明細書に組み込まれる)に記載されている。発泡計それ自体は、サーモスタットリザーバーと、発泡傾向を有する水性媒体を再循環させるポンプとからなる。リザーバー内の表面に衝突する水流の作用により発生する泡が、泡形成を引き起こす。
グリセリンエーテルエトキシレートソルファクタントの低発泡性の利点に加えて、この化合物はさらに、エトキシル化アルコール界面活性剤と比較して、より低い粘度を与える。表4に示した布地/洗濯クリーニング組成物の比較粘度を分析した。
実施例5及び6に示されるグリセリンエーテルエトキシレートソルファクタントの低発泡プロファイル及び低粘度を、従来のエトキシル化アルコール(例えばTomadol界面活性剤)のゲル曲線とさらに比較した。グリセリンエーテルエトキシレートソルファクタント2エチルヘキシルグリセリンエーテル(種々のモル数のエチレンオキシドを有する)を表5に示すように評価して、どの濃度で、水とゲルが生成するかを決定した。
例えば、食器洗浄/用品洗浄洗浄剤、自動食器用洗浄剤、すすぎ添加剤、手の洗浄剤、ハンドソープ、空気清浄剤、洗濯物(例:布地)洗浄剤、工業水処理剤、化粧品、殺菌剤、脱脂剤、硬質表面クリーナー、及び/又は可溶化剤、消毒剤、汚れ除去剤、床クリーナー、自動床スクラバー、CIP洗浄剤、乳首浸漬剤、ボウルクリーナー(例えばトイレボウルクリーナー)などを含む、広範な種類のクリーニング組成物及び用途において、処方と効力について、グリセリンエーテルエトキシレートソルファクタントを評価した。
500ppmの水酸化ナトリウム(例えば苛性)、及び示された従来のSurfonic(登録商標)界面活性剤又は本発明のグリセリンエーテルエトキシレートソルファクタント、を使用する洗濯洗剤組成物を評価した。ターゴトメーター(tergotometer)試験手順を使用して、本発明の試験組成物の洗浄力を測定した。500mLのポットを有するターゴトメーターと水浴とを使用した。まず、試験で使用されるロット番号の未洗浄の布きれを、コニカミノルタ分光光度計モデルCM−3600dで読み取って、平均初期(洗浄前)L値を確定する。各布きれタイプのサンプルが使用される。所望の洗浄温度がターゴトメーターにプログラムされ、その温度までその水浴が加熱される。500mLの所望の水タイプを各ターゴトメーターポットに添加し、所望の温度に平衡化させる。
グリセリンエーテルエトキシレートソルファクタントはまた、表12の濃縮物処方に示されるように、4級アンモニウムカチオンを使用する消毒組成物中に処方された。
表13に示されるように、グリセリンエーテルエトキシレートソルファクタントの水溶性を、同程度のエトキシル化度(例えば、エトキシル化モル数)を有する従来のアルコールエトキシレート界面活性剤と比較した。
表1に記載された種々の2−エチルヘキサノールグリセリンエーテルエトキシレートソルファクタントについて、示差走査熱量測定(DSC)を行った。DSCは、新規ソルファクタントの例示的なセットの追加の特性(すなわち、分子の凝固点)を評価した。
Claims (21)
- 以下の式の化合物を含むソルファクタント組成物:
- Rzが、1〜25個の炭素原子を有する分岐鎖又は直鎖アルキル基である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- Rzが、1〜25個の炭素原子を有する分岐鎖又は直鎖アルキル基であり、いかなる濃度の水と一緒にしてもゲルを形成しない、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- n1及び/又はn2が1〜25であり、かつ該界面活性剤組成物の2つのエトキシル化尾部間でエトキシル化度が変動し得る、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- n1及び/又はn2が1〜10であり、かつ該ソルファクタントが、約200〜約10,000の分子量を有し、アルコールエトキシレートの置換物である、請求項4に記載の組成物。
- 該化合物が以下の式のうち1つを有する、請求項1に記載の組成物:
- 以下の式の化合物を含むソルファクタント組成物:
n1及び/又はn2は1〜20であり、
該界面活性剤の分子量は約200〜約10,000であり、
該化合物は、少なくとも部分的に水溶性である)。 - Rzが、1〜20個の炭素原子を有する分岐鎖又は直鎖アルキル基である、請求項7に記載の組成物。
- 該界面活性剤組成物の2つのエトキシル化尾部間でエトキシル化度が変動する、請求項7に記載の組成物。
- n1及び/又はn2が1〜25である、請求項7に記載の組成物。
- 該化合物が以下の式のうち1つを有する、請求項7に記載の組成物:
- 表面、物品、及び/又は基質に、請求項7のソルファクタント又は請求項7のソルファクタントを含有する組成物を接触させることを含む、ソルファクタントを使用する方法。
- 該ソルファクタントが、界面活性剤、酸化剤、4級アンモニウム化合物、安定剤、キレート剤、ヒドロトロープ、溶媒、希釈剤、酸性化剤、皮膚軟化剤、染料、顔料、及びこれらの組合せからなる群から選択される1種以上の物質と一緒にされる、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 該表面に、0.1g/L〜100g/Lに希釈された濃縮物を有する該ソルファクタントを含有する組成物の使用溶液が接触させられる、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 該ソルファクタントが使用組成物中に提供される、請求項12に記載の方法であって、前記組成物が、硬質表面クリーニング組成物、洗濯洗剤クリーニング組成物、用品洗浄洗浄剤組成物、すすぎ添加剤組成物、ハンドケア洗浄剤組成物、空気清浄組成物、殺菌組成物、車両クリーニング組成物、脱脂組成物、床クリーニング組成物、及びCIP洗浄剤組成物からなる群から選択される、方法。
- 使用組成物が、約4℃〜約60℃の温度で適用される、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 該表面が、床、カウンタートップ、シンク、又は他の建築物の硬質表面である、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 該物品又は表面が、セラミック、ガラス、金属、木材、又は硬質プラスチックである、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 該基質が布帛又は布地である、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 該ソルファクタントを含有する該組成物が、ゲル、液体、泡、エアロゾル、ガス、ワックス、固体、及び粉末を含む群から選択される形態である、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 該ソルファクタントを含有する該組成物が、抗微生物剤、滅菌剤、消毒剤、殺菌剤、保存剤、脱臭剤、防腐剤、殺真菌剤、殺病原体剤、殺胞子剤、殺ウイルス剤、洗浄剤、漂白剤、硬質表面クリーナー、ハンドソープ、水なし手消毒剤、術前又は術後スクラブ、獣医学的製品、食品及び/又は加工処理製品、植物及び/又は加工処理製品、水処理剤、工業的プロセス処理剤、布地洗浄剤、塗料、接着剤、潤滑剤、冷却剤、ガラス繊維サイジング組成物、掘削流体、ガスハイドレート阻害剤、腐食抑制剤、パーソナルケア組成物などである、請求項12に記載の方法。
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JP2016172814A (ja) * | 2015-03-17 | 2016-09-29 | シーバイエス株式会社 | 硬質表面用液体洗浄剤組成物およびそれを用いる食器類の洗浄方法、並びに医療器具の洗浄方法 |
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JP2021516037A (ja) * | 2018-03-16 | 2021-07-01 | ダウ グローバル テクノロジーズ エルエルシー | 泡制御 |
JP2021095529A (ja) * | 2019-12-18 | 2021-06-24 | ライオン株式会社 | 食器用洗浄剤 |
JP7370240B2 (ja) | 2019-12-18 | 2023-10-27 | ライオン株式会社 | 食器用洗浄剤 |
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AU2013281207A1 (en) | 2015-01-29 |
US20140343168A1 (en) | 2014-11-20 |
CA2878085A1 (en) | 2014-01-03 |
US9663431B2 (en) | 2017-05-30 |
JP6141973B2 (ja) | 2017-06-07 |
BR112014032910B1 (pt) | 2020-10-06 |
US20140005273A1 (en) | 2014-01-02 |
WO2014003839A1 (en) | 2014-01-03 |
EP2866557A4 (en) | 2016-04-06 |
ES2701741T3 (es) | 2019-02-25 |
EP2866557B1 (en) | 2018-08-22 |
BR112014032910A2 (pt) | 2017-06-27 |
EP2866557A1 (en) | 2015-05-06 |
CA2878085C (en) | 2021-05-25 |
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