JP2013176713A - Melting detoxification apparatus for asbestos-containing waste product, and treatment method for the same - Google Patents
Melting detoxification apparatus for asbestos-containing waste product, and treatment method for the same Download PDFInfo
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- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010128 melt processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Description
本発明は、アスベスト含有廃棄物の溶融処理方法及びその処理装置に関するものであって、特に、アスベストの粉塵を飛散させることなく溶融処理することのできる溶融無害化処理装置及びその処理方法に関する。 The present invention relates to an asbestos-containing waste melting method and a processing apparatus therefor, and more particularly, to a melting and detoxifying processing apparatus and a processing method thereof capable of performing a melting process without scattering asbestos dust.
アスベスト（石綿）は、天然の繊維状鉱物であり、以前はビル等の建築物において、断熱材や保温材として多く使用されてきた。しかし、その繊維は極めて細く、飛散し易いため、これを吸入すると人体に影響を及ぼすことが指摘され、現在ではアスベスト材の生産は規制されるようになった。そこで、これまでに使用されてきた多量のアスベスト材について、その処分方法が問題となっている。 Asbestos (asbestos) is a natural fibrous mineral, and has been widely used as a heat insulating material and a heat insulating material in buildings such as buildings. However, since the fibers are extremely thin and easily scattered, it has been pointed out that inhalation of these fibers affects the human body, and production of asbestos materials has now been regulated. Therefore, the disposal method has become a problem for a large amount of asbestos materials that have been used so far.
しかしながら、アスベスト材の処分については、飛散し易い等の理由から従来の破砕処理や溶融処理方法では処分できず、耐水性の袋により二重に梱包して埋め立て処分がなされているのが現状である。 However, asbestos materials cannot be disposed of by conventional crushing or melting methods because they are likely to be scattered, etc., and are currently disposed of in landfill by double packing with water-resistant bags. is there.
また最近では、袋詰めにしたアスベスト材をそのまま溶融処理することも提案されているが、破砕などの前処理をしないでそのまま溶融処理を行うために、溶融に時間がかかり、または保温材などの固形の廃石綿は十分溶融無害化されずに炉から排出されるなど、処理効率の面で問題があった。 Recently, it has also been proposed that the asbestos material packed in a bag is melted as it is. However, since the melt processing is performed as it is without pretreatment such as crushing, it takes time for melting or a heat insulating material or the like is used. Solid waste asbestos has a problem in terms of processing efficiency, such as being discharged from the furnace without being sufficiently harmed and melted.
アスベストは、１５００℃以上の高温で溶融することにより、針状の結晶が無くなり無害化することができる。しかし、溶融により無害化するためには、その処理過程においてアスベストの大気中への飛散を完全に防止しなければならず、その点をどのようにするかが問題である。 Asbestos can be rendered harmless by melting at a high temperature of 1500 ° C. or more, thereby eliminating acicular crystals. However, in order to make it harmless by melting, it is necessary to completely prevent the asbestos from being scattered in the atmosphere during the treatment process, and how to do this is a problem.
本発明は、上記問題点に鑑みてなされたものであり、アスベストの飛散防止を図った上で、前処理として破砕処理を行い、効率的な溶融無害化処理を可能とするアスベスト含有廃棄物の溶融無害化処理装置及びその処理方法を提供しようとするものである。 The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and is intended to prevent asbestos from being scattered, and as a pretreatment, crushing treatment is performed, and asbestos-containing waste that enables efficient melting and detoxification treatment is provided. An object of the present invention is to provide a melt detoxification processing apparatus and a processing method therefor.
上記課題を解決するため、本発明のアスベスト含有廃棄物の溶融無害化処理装置は、袋詰めされたアスベスト含有廃棄物を装置内に投入する投入手段と、投入された袋詰めアスベスト含有廃棄物を破砕する破砕手段と、破砕されたアスベスト含有廃棄物を溶融炉内に搬送する搬送手段と、搬送されたアスベスト含有廃棄物を溶融して無害化する溶融手段と、溶融により発生する排ガスを浄化処理して外部に排出する排気手段とから構成されるアスベスト含有廃棄物の溶融無害化処理装置であって、各手段が一連に接続されるとともに、投入手段、破砕手段及び搬送手段が設置される建屋内を負圧管理可能としたことを特徴とする。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the asbestos-containing waste melting and detoxifying treatment apparatus according to the present invention comprises a bagging asbestos-containing waste and a charging means for charging the bagged asbestos-containing waste into the apparatus. A crushing means for crushing, a conveying means for conveying the crushed asbestos-containing waste into the melting furnace, a melting means for melting and detoxifying the conveyed asbestos-containing waste, and purifying the exhaust gas generated by melting And an asbestos-containing waste detoxifying treatment apparatus comprising exhaust means for discharging to the outside, wherein each means is connected in series, and a charging means, a crushing means, and a conveying means are installed. It is characterized by the ability to manage negative pressure indoors.
本発明に係る前記投入手段は、内部に３段式のゲートが設けられており、各ゲートは直上のゲートの開閉に合わせて駆動し、各ゲート間は吸引装置により負圧管理可能としたことを特徴とする。 The charging means according to the present invention is provided with a three-stage gate inside, each gate is driven in accordance with the opening and closing of the gate immediately above, and the negative pressure can be controlled between the gates by a suction device. It is characterized by.
また、本発明における搬送手段は、円筒状ケーシングからなる搬送通路内にスクリューコンベアを設けた構成とし、溶融炉側先端には顎部を設けたことを特徴とする。 Moreover, the conveying means in the present invention is characterized in that a screw conveyor is provided in a conveying passage made of a cylindrical casing, and a jaw portion is provided at the tip of the melting furnace side.
さらに、本発明における溶融手段は、溶融炉の受入口側にバーナ１（主バーナ）と、出滓口側にバーナ２（副バーナ）をそれぞれ設けたことを特徴とする。 Further, the melting means in the present invention is characterized in that a burner 1 (main burner) is provided on the inlet side of the melting furnace and a burner 2 (sub burner) is provided on the outlet side.
本発明によれば、投入手段、破砕手段、搬送手段が一の設備内に設けられているため、設備内が負圧状態のもとでアスベスト含有廃棄物の投入、破砕、搬送を一連に行うことができ、かつ各装置内も負圧状態で運転を行うため、十分にアスベストの飛散を防止しながらアスベスト含有廃棄物の溶融無害化処理を行うことが可能である。 According to the present invention, since the charging means, the crushing means, and the conveying means are provided in one facility, the asbestos-containing waste is sequentially charged, crushed, and transported under a negative pressure inside the facility. In addition, since each device is operated in a negative pressure state, the asbestos-containing waste can be melted and detoxified while sufficiently preventing the asbestos from being scattered.
また、投入手段において投入口に３段式のゲートが設けられ、これらが連動して開閉するとともに、各ゲート間は吸引装置により負圧状態となるため、各ゲートの開放時にアスベスト粉塵の飛散を防止することができ、その結果、投入室と投入手段双方の負圧管理が可能となる。 In addition, a three-stage gate is provided at the inlet in the inlet means, and these gates open and close in conjunction with each other, and a negative pressure state is created between each gate by a suction device, so that asbestos dust is scattered when each gate is opened. As a result, it is possible to manage negative pressure in both the input chamber and the input means.
また、溶融炉への搬送手段として円筒の搬送通路内にスクリューコンベアを用いることで、アスベストの飛散を防止するとともに、破砕されたアスベスト含有廃棄物と流動化調整材を撹拌しつつ、定量連続的に溶融炉に投入することができるため、溶融炉の能力を最大限利用することができ、安定した出滓が可能となる。 In addition, by using a screw conveyor in the cylindrical conveyance path as a conveying means to the melting furnace, while preventing the asbestos from scattering and stirring the crushed asbestos-containing waste and fluidization regulator, quantitative continuous Therefore, the capacity of the melting furnace can be utilized to the maximum and stable tapping can be achieved.
さらに、本発明による溶融炉は、その受入口と出滓口にそれぞれ燃焼バーナが設けられているため、従来よりも消費重油を軽減することができ、また、酸素バーナ等の付属設備も不要でランニングコストを低減することが可能となる。 Furthermore, since the melting furnace according to the present invention is provided with combustion burners at the inlet and outlet, respectively, it is possible to reduce consumption heavy oil more than before, and no additional equipment such as an oxygen burner is required. Running costs can be reduced.
以下、本発明について一実施形態に基づき図面を参照して詳細に説明する。図１は本発明のアスベスト含有廃棄物の溶融処理装置の一実施形態を示す概略図である。本発明に係るアスベスト含有廃棄物の溶融処理装置は、投入手段、破砕手段、搬送手段、溶融手段、排気手段が一連に接続されて構成される。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on an embodiment with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of the asbestos-containing waste melting apparatus of the present invention. The asbestos-containing waste melting apparatus according to the present invention is configured by connecting a charging means, a crushing means, a conveying means, a melting means, and an exhaust means in series.
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本発明に係る投入手段は、処理対象物である袋詰めにされたアスベスト含有廃棄物１０を受け入れて、破砕手段である破砕機３に供給するものであって、ケーシング上部に投入口１を有し、その下部には開閉ゲート２ａ〜２ｃが３段式に設けられている。各ゲートはそれぞれ連動しており、詳しくは、まず一番上側のゲート２ａが開いている時は下側のゲート２ｂと２ｃは閉まっており、ゲート２ａが閉まってから次のゲート２ｂが開くようになる。同様にゲート２ｃはゲート２ｂが閉まってから開くことになる。また、当該投入手段は、内部に吸引装置を有し、各ゲート間を吸引することで内部を負圧状態とし、ゲート解放時に投入口１からのアスベスト粉塵の飛散を防止する。
.
The charging means according to the present invention receives asbestos-containing waste 10 packed in a bag as a processing object and supplies it to a crusher 3 as a crushing means. In the lower part, open / close gates 2a to 2c are provided in a three-stage manner. Each gate is linked to each other. Specifically, when the uppermost gate 2a is open, the lower gates 2b and 2c are closed, and after the gate 2a is closed, the next gate 2b is opened. become. Similarly, the gate 2c is opened after the gate 2b is closed. Further, the charging means has a suction device inside, and sucks the space between the gates so that the inside is in a negative pressure state and prevents asbestos dust from being scattered from the charging port 1 when the gate is released.
また、投入口が設置される室内には室内用の除塵ダクトが設けられ、これにより室内が負圧状態となり、投入口からのアスベストの飛散を防止することができるため、作業者は安全に作業することができる。 In addition, a dust removal duct for the room is installed in the room where the inlet is installed, and this makes the room in a negative pressure state and prevents asbestos from being scattered from the inlet. can do.
本発明に係る破砕手段は、前記開閉ゲート２ａ〜２ｃを介して投入された袋詰めアスベスト含有廃棄物１０を破砕するものであって、ケーシング内に破砕機３を設置して構成される。前記投入手段から投入された袋詰めアスベスト含有廃棄物１０は、破砕機３によって破砕された後、後述する切出しスクリューコンベア４ａに落下する。尚、破砕機３は、袋詰めのまま破砕することから、ビニール製の袋の軸への巻き付き防止等を考慮し、４軸の破砕機とするのが好ましい。 The crushing means according to the present invention crushes the bag-filled asbestos-containing waste 10 introduced through the open / close gates 2a to 2c, and is configured by installing a crusher 3 in a casing. The bag-filled asbestos-containing waste 10 fed from the feeding means is crushed by the crusher 3, and then falls onto a cutting screw conveyor 4a described later. In addition, since the crusher 3 crushes as it is packed in a bag, it is preferable that the crusher 3 is a 4-axis crusher in consideration of prevention of wrapping around the shaft of the vinyl bag.
本発明に係る搬送手段は、前記破砕機３により破砕されたアスベスト含有廃棄物を溶融炉６に搬送するものであって、切出しスクリュウーコンベア４ａ、位相スクリューコンベア４ｂ、投入スクリューコンベア４ｃが接続されて構成されており、各スクリューコンベアは、円筒状ケーシング内にスクリューコンベアを有している。また、少なくとも投入スクリューコンベア４ｃは、ピッチが狭いものとし、その先端には顎部（テーブル）が設けられている。これにより、破砕されたアスベスト含有廃棄物が前記顎部で盛り上がることで、後続するアスベスト含有廃棄物に対して抵抗要素となって投入スクリューコンベア４ｃの内部壁近傍の隙間を塞ぐため、溶融時においての物封を得ることができる。 The conveying means according to the present invention conveys the asbestos-containing waste crushed by the crusher 3 to the melting furnace 6, and is connected to the cutting screw conveyor 4 a, the phase screw conveyor 4 b, and the charging screw conveyor 4 c. Each screw conveyor has a screw conveyor in a cylindrical casing. At least the input screw conveyor 4c has a narrow pitch, and a jaw (table) is provided at the tip. As a result, the crushed asbestos-containing waste swells in the jaws, so that it becomes a resistance element for the subsequent asbestos-containing waste and closes the gap near the inner wall of the input screw conveyor 4c. Can be obtained.
尚、投入スクリューコンベア４ｃには流動化調整剤ホッパ５が付設されており、該流動化調整剤ホッパ５から流動化調整剤（例えば山砂や粘土等）が搬送中の破砕されたアスベスト含有廃棄物に添加され、投入スクリューコンベア４ｃにより撹拌混合されて溶融炉に投入されるため、効率的な溶融が行われ、より安定した出滓が可能となる。また、前記スクリューコンベアについては、円筒状ケーシング及びスクリューコンベアの軸内を水冷する構成としており、これにより機械精度及び機械寿命が確保される。 The feeding screw conveyor 4c is provided with a fluidization modifier hopper 5, and the fluidization modifier (for example, mountain sand or clay) is crushed asbestos-containing waste from the fluidization modifier hopper 5 during transportation. Since it is added to the product, stirred and mixed by the charging screw conveyor 4c, and then introduced into the melting furnace, efficient melting is performed and more stable tapping is possible. Moreover, about the said screw conveyor, it is set as the structure which water-cools the inside of a cylindrical casing and the axis | shaft of a screw conveyor, and, thereby, a mechanical precision and machine life are ensured.
本発明においては、投入手段、破砕手段及び搬出手段は一の建屋内に設置されていることが好ましく、建屋内に除塵装置を設けて負圧状態にするとともに、各装置内を負圧管理することとでアスベスト粉塵の飛散を防止することができる。 In the present invention, it is preferable that the input means, the crushing means, and the carry-out means are installed in one building, and a dust removing device is provided in the building so as to be in a negative pressure state, and the inside of each device is managed with negative pressure. This can prevent asbestos dust from being scattered.
本発明に係る溶融手段は、投入スクリューコンベア４ｃから投入される破砕されたアスベスト含有廃棄物と流動化調整剤の混合物を溶融処理して無害化する溶融炉６であって、該溶融炉６は、複数の燃焼バーナを備え、上部には溶融対象物の投入口を有し、下部には溶融により無害化された生成物を排出する出滓口１１を有している。溶融炉６に投入されたアスベスト含有廃棄物は、各燃焼バーナにより高温加熱され、溶融無害化されて溶融スラグとなり、出滓口１１から排出される。 The melting means according to the present invention is a melting furnace 6 that melts and detoxifies a mixture of crushed asbestos-containing waste and fluidization regulator that is input from an input screw conveyor 4c. A plurality of combustion burners are provided, the upper part has an inlet for melting an object, and the lower part has an outlet 11 for discharging a product detoxified by melting. The asbestos-containing waste thrown into the melting furnace 6 is heated at a high temperature by each combustion burner, is made harmless by melting, becomes molten slag, and is discharged from the outlet 11.
特に燃焼バーナは、溶融炉の受入口側にバーナ１（主バーナ）と、出滓口側にバーナ２（副バーナ）を有していることが好ましい。これにより、消費燃料の軽減を図ることができ、さらに溶融のための酸素バーナ等の付属設備も不要となり経済的である。尚、本件発明においては、燃焼バーナとして重油バーナを使用している。 In particular, the combustion burner preferably has a burner 1 (main burner) on the inlet side of the melting furnace and a burner 2 (sub burner) on the outlet side. As a result, fuel consumption can be reduced, and additional equipment such as an oxygen burner for melting is unnecessary, which is economical. In the present invention, a heavy oil burner is used as the combustion burner.
排気手段は、溶融炉からの排ガスを無害者処理して大気に放出するものであり、溶融炉６に空気予熱器１２、排ガス冷却塔１３、サイクロン１４、バグフィルタ１５、誘引ファン１６、煙突１７が順次接続されて構成される。 The exhaust means is for treating the exhaust gas from the melting furnace harmlessly and releasing it into the atmosphere. The air preheater 12, the exhaust gas cooling tower 13, the cyclone 14, the bag filter 15, the induction fan 16, and the chimney 17 are added to the melting furnace 6. Are sequentially connected.
溶融炉６から排出された排気ガスは、空気予熱器１２を経て排ガス冷却塔１３に送られる。排気ガスは、排ガス冷却塔１３において冷却された後、サイクロン１４を経てバグフィルタ１５に送られて、ここで除塵が行われる。その後除塵された排ガスは、誘引ファン１６によりフィルターを介して煙突１７から大気に放出される。 The exhaust gas discharged from the melting furnace 6 is sent to the exhaust gas cooling tower 13 through the air preheater 12. The exhaust gas is cooled in the exhaust gas cooling tower 13 and then sent to the bag filter 15 through the cyclone 14 where dust is removed. Thereafter, the dust exhausted is discharged from the chimney 17 through the filter by the attracting fan 16 into the atmosphere.
以上のとおり、本発明のアスベスト含有廃棄物の溶融無害化処理装置及びその処理方法によれば、基材が無機系のアスベスト含有廃棄物であれば、ほぼすべての既往製品の溶融無害化処理が可能である。また、可燃物が含まれる場合であっても、焼却炉で処理したアスベストを含む灰を溶融することで無害化を図ることが可能である。 As described above, according to the asbestos-containing waste melting and detoxifying treatment apparatus and the processing method thereof of the present invention, if the base material is an inorganic asbestos-containing waste, almost all existing products can be melted and detoxified. Is possible. Further, even if combustible materials are contained, it is possible to make them harmless by melting ash containing asbestos treated in an incinerator.
１ 投入口
２ 開閉ゲート
３ 破砕機
４ スクリューコンベア
５ 流動化調整剤ホッパ
６ 溶融炉
７ 投入設備棟
１０ アスベスト含有廃棄物
１１ 出滓口
１８ 除塵装置
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Input port 2 Opening and closing gate 3 Crusher 4 Screw conveyor 5 Fluidization regulator hopper 6 Melting furnace 7 Input equipment building 10 Asbestos-containing waste 11 Outlet 18 Dust removal device
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012040948A JP2013176713A (en) | 2012-02-28 | 2012-02-28 | Melting detoxification apparatus for asbestos-containing waste product, and treatment method for the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113798310A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2021-12-17 | 西南科技大学 | Innocent treatment system that contains asbestos waste |
| CN113843257A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2021-12-28 | 西南科技大学 | Asbestos waste harmless treatment method, asbestos-free material and application thereof |
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| JP2001263643A (en) * | 2000-03-21 | 2001-09-26 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Method of heating melt and tapping structure of melting furnace |
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| JP2001263643A (en) * | 2000-03-21 | 2001-09-26 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Method of heating melt and tapping structure of melting furnace |
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| JP2008246274A (en) * | 2006-10-13 | 2008-10-16 | Nikko Co Ltd | Treating method of asbestos-containing building material |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113798310A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2021-12-17 | 西南科技大学 | Innocent treatment system that contains asbestos waste |
| CN113843257A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2021-12-28 | 西南科技大学 | Asbestos waste harmless treatment method, asbestos-free material and application thereof |
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