JP2013004212A - Battery short circuit element, secondary battery and secondary battery system - Google Patents

Battery short circuit element, secondary battery and secondary battery system Download PDF

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JP2013004212A
JP2013004212A JP2011131577A JP2011131577A JP2013004212A JP 2013004212 A JP2013004212 A JP 2013004212A JP 2011131577 A JP2011131577 A JP 2011131577A JP 2011131577 A JP2011131577 A JP 2011131577A JP 2013004212 A JP2013004212 A JP 2013004212A
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circuit element
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electrical conductor
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JP5605314B2 (en
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Hiroki Matsui
裕樹 松井
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GS Yuasa Corp
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a battery short circuit element capable of stably discharging by certainly short-circuiting a positive electrode and a negative electrode when temperature inside of a secondary battery rises excessively due to abnormality.SOLUTION: The battery short circuit element connected to the secondary battery having a first electrode and a second electrode includes: a first electrical conductor connected to a first electrode side and consisting of a foil shape member or a plate shape member; a second electrical conductor connected to a second electrode side and consisting of the foil member and the plate shape member; and an insulator at least arranged in a region overlapping the first electrical conductor and the second electrical conductor between the first electrical conductor and the second electrical conductor, in which the first electrical conductor at least includes a nip portion nipped by the second electrical conductor via the insulator and the insulator causes the first electrical conductor and the second conductor to short circuit by being deformed when reaching a predetermined temperature or more.

Description

本発明は、二次電池に異常な温度上昇が起こった場合に、正極端子と負極端子とを短絡させることにより安全に放電させる電池短絡素子、並びに電池短絡素子を利用した二次電池および二次電池システムに関する。   The present invention relates to a battery short-circuit element that discharges safely by short-circuiting a positive electrode terminal and a negative electrode terminal when an abnormal temperature rise occurs in the secondary battery, and a secondary battery and a secondary battery using the battery short-circuit element The present invention relates to a battery system.

近年、電気自動車の電源や電力貯蔵用の電池として、エネルギー密度が高く、かつ安全性の高いリチウムイオン二次電池が求められている。   In recent years, lithium ion secondary batteries with high energy density and high safety have been demanded as batteries for electric power sources and power storage.

このような、高いエネルギー密度を有するリチウムイオン二次電池が過充電などの異常時に、電池内部の温度が過度に上昇する場合があり、過度な温度上昇を抑えるために安全にエネルギーを放出させることが必要となる。   When such a lithium ion secondary battery with high energy density is abnormal, such as overcharging, the temperature inside the battery may rise excessively, and energy should be released safely to suppress excessive temperature rise. Is required.

特許文献１では、板状の正極端子と、板状の負極端子と、正極端子と負極端子とに挟み込まれて接続される絶縁層とからなる短絡機構を二次電池に設けている。この絶縁層は、所定温度以上において溶融することにより正極端子と負極端子とを導通させる機能を有する。これにより短絡機構は、二次電池に異常が発生して所定温度以上となった場合に、二次電池の正極と負極とを短絡させる。   In Patent Document 1, a secondary battery is provided with a short-circuit mechanism including a plate-like positive electrode terminal, a plate-like negative electrode terminal, and an insulating layer sandwiched and connected between the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal. This insulating layer has a function of electrically connecting the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal by melting at a predetermined temperature or higher. Thereby, a short circuit mechanism short-circuits the positive electrode and negative electrode of a secondary battery, when abnormality arises in a secondary battery and it becomes more than predetermined temperature.

また、特許文献２では、正極端子と負極端子とを短絡させる絶縁部材として温度上昇により抵抗値が減少するＮＴＣ素子を利用している。さらに、特許文献２では、バイメタルを利用することにより二次電池の温度が上昇した場合に正極端子と負極端子とを短絡させるスイッチを利用するものが開示されている。   In Patent Document 2, an NTC element whose resistance value decreases as the temperature rises is used as an insulating member that short-circuits the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal. Furthermore, Patent Document 2 discloses a device that uses a switch that short-circuits the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal when the temperature of the secondary battery rises by using a bimetal.

以上の特許文献１、２のように、電池の異常によって過度な熱が発生した場合に、短絡機構において絶縁層が正極端子と負極端子とを接続して短絡させることにより、安全にエネルギーを二次電池から放出させている。   As described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 above, when excessive heat is generated due to an abnormality in the battery, the insulating layer connects the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal in the short-circuit mechanism to short-circuit, so that energy can be safely transferred. Next battery is discharged.

特開２００８−１３０４５８号公報JP 2008-130458 A 特開２００５−０４４６２６号公報JP 2005-044626 A

しかしながら、特許文献１または特許文献２のような技術では、二次電池の異常時において、電池を速やかに安全化するために大電流で放電することは以下の観点から難しい。   However, in the technique such as Patent Document 1 or Patent Document 2, it is difficult to discharge with a large current in order to quickly make the battery safe when the secondary battery is abnormal from the following viewpoint.

特許文献１のような技術では、板状の正極端子と板状の負極端子とにより絶縁層を挟み込んだ構造であるため、振動などの衝撃を与えられた場合に絶縁層が外れて予期せぬ短絡が起こることは否定できず、耐振動性や耐衝撃性における信頼性の点で問題がある。また、この短絡機構は、正極端子および負極端子に外部から付勢力を与えられることを前提としており、絶縁層が溶融しても外部からの付勢力を与えられないと抵抗値が低減しにくい構成となっている。このため、この構成では、確実に短絡させて放電させることが難しい。このように、確実に短絡させるために外部から付勢力を与えるためのクリップなどが必要となることから、生産コストが増加する、構造が大型化するなどの問題がある。また、特許文献１のような技術では短絡機構（短絡素子）の短絡時の抵抗値の安定性および再現性の問題があるため、二次電池の異常時に緊急的に放電させることは難しい。   In the technique such as Patent Document 1, since the insulating layer is sandwiched between the plate-like positive electrode terminal and the plate-like negative electrode terminal, the insulating layer comes off when an impact such as vibration is applied, which is unexpected. It cannot be denied that a short circuit occurs, and there is a problem in terms of reliability in vibration resistance and impact resistance. In addition, this short-circuit mechanism is based on the premise that an urging force can be applied from the outside to the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal, and the resistance value is difficult to reduce unless an urging force is applied from the outside even if the insulating layer melts. It has become. For this reason, with this configuration, it is difficult to reliably short-circuit and discharge. As described above, since a clip or the like for applying an urging force from the outside is necessary for reliably short-circuiting, there are problems such as an increase in production cost and an increase in structure. Further, in the technique such as Patent Document 1, there is a problem of stability and reproducibility of the resistance value when the short-circuit mechanism (short-circuit element) is short-circuited, so that it is difficult to discharge urgently when the secondary battery is abnormal.

また、特許文献２のＮＴＣ素子を利用する技術では、少しの温度上昇によって抵抗値が低下するため、温度が高めの環境下において無用な放電をしてしまうという欠点がある。さらに、特許文献２の技術では、通常時においても電池の充電および放電に係る電流の一部が常にこの素子部分を流れるために電池抵抗が大きくなり、電池の高出力化を妨げることとなる。   In addition, the technique using the NTC element of Patent Document 2 has a drawback in that unnecessary resistance discharges in an environment where the temperature is high because the resistance value is decreased by a slight temperature increase. Furthermore, in the technique of Patent Document 2, part of the current relating to charging and discharging of the battery always flows through this element portion even during normal time, so that the battery resistance increases, and the high output of the battery is hindered.

同じく特許文献２のバイメタルスイッチを利用する技術では、バイメタルスイッチにより正極端子と負極端子とを短絡させるため、短絡する箇所が構造的に一点となる。しかし、バイメタルスイッチでは、上述のように短絡する箇所が構造的に一点となるため大電流を流せるような低い抵抗値とすることが難しく、短絡性能を確保することが困難である。バイメタルスイッチの短絡する箇所の面積を大きくし電池の安全化を図ろうとすると、バイメタルスイッチを大きくする必要があり、生産コストが増加してしまうといった問題がある。さらに、バイメタルスイッチの場合には、元々接触していない部分が、温度上昇があってスイッチ部分が変形し接触する事により短絡する。このため、短絡部分において振動や衝撃が与えられた場合に、短絡部分は、互いに接触しているのみで固着していないため、その抵抗値が変化しやすい。つまり、耐振動性や耐衝撃性が求められる用途においては、安定した抵抗値を得ることは難しく、短絡素子の信頼性にも問題があると考えられる。   Similarly, in the technique using the bimetal switch of Patent Document 2, since the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal are short-circuited by the bimetal switch, the short-circuited portion is structurally one point. However, in the bimetal switch, the short-circuited portion is structurally one point as described above, so that it is difficult to achieve a low resistance value that allows a large current to flow, and it is difficult to ensure short-circuit performance. In order to increase the area of the short-circuited portion of the bimetal switch to make the battery safer, there is a problem that the bimetal switch needs to be enlarged and the production cost increases. Further, in the case of a bimetal switch, a portion that is not originally in contact with each other is short-circuited when the temperature rises and the switch portion is deformed and contacted. For this reason, when a vibration or impact is applied to the short-circuit portion, the short-circuit portions are in contact with each other and are not fixed, so that the resistance value is likely to change. That is, in applications where vibration resistance and impact resistance are required, it is difficult to obtain a stable resistance value, and it is considered that there is a problem in the reliability of the short-circuit element.

そこで、本発明は、このような状況に鑑みてなされたものであり、二次電池に異常が発生して電池内部の温度が過度に上昇した場合に、正極端子と負極端子とを確実に短絡させて安定的に放電させることのできる電池短絡素子を提供することを目的とする。   Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and when an abnormality occurs in the secondary battery and the temperature inside the battery rises excessively, the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal are reliably short-circuited. An object of the present invention is to provide a battery short-circuit element that can be discharged stably.

上記目的を達成するために、本発明の一形態に係る電池短絡素子は、第一電極と第二電極とを有する二次電池に接続される電池短絡素子であって、前記第一電極側に電気的に接続され、箔状部材または板状部材から成る第一電気伝導体と、前記第二電極側に電気的に接続され、箔状部材または板状部材から成る第二電気伝導体と、少なくとも前記第一電気伝導体と前記第二電気伝導体とが重なり合う領域において、前記第一電気伝導体と前記第二電気伝導体との間に配置される絶縁体とを備え、前記第一電気伝導体は、前記絶縁体を介して前記第二電気伝導体によって挟み込まれる挟込部分を少なくとも有し、前記絶縁体は、所定温度以上になると前記絶縁体の一部又は全部が変形することにより前記第一電気伝導体と前記第二電気伝導体とを短絡させる。   In order to achieve the above object, a battery short-circuit element according to an embodiment of the present invention is a battery short-circuit element connected to a secondary battery having a first electrode and a second electrode, and is on the first electrode side. A first electrical conductor electrically connected and made of a foil-like member or a plate-like member; a second electrical conductor electrically connected to the second electrode side and made of a foil-like member or a plate-like member; An insulator disposed between the first electric conductor and the second electric conductor at least in a region where the first electric conductor and the second electric conductor overlap; The conductor has at least a sandwiched portion sandwiched by the second electrical conductor via the insulator, and the insulator is deformed by a part or all of the insulator when the temperature exceeds a predetermined temperature. The first electrical conductor and the second electrical conductor; To short-circuit.

これによれば、第一電気伝導体が、絶縁体を介して第二電気伝導体によって挟みこまれる部分を少なくとも有しているため、絶縁体が振動などの衝撃によって外れることを防ぐことができる。このため、意図しない条件において第一電気伝導体と第二電気伝導体とが短絡することを防ぐことができる。また、第一電気伝導体と第二電気伝導体とは箔状部材または板状部材から成るため、絶縁体が所定温度以上となって変形した場合に、第一電気伝導体と第二電気伝導体とが接触する面積を大きくすることができる。このため、短絡時の短絡素子の抵抗を制御することが可能となる。さらに、一旦短絡が始まると、短絡点から発生するジュール熱により短絡面積が逐次的に拡大していくため、確実かつ安定した短絡性能を得ることができる。   According to this, since the first electric conductor has at least a portion sandwiched by the second electric conductor via the insulator, the insulator can be prevented from coming off due to an impact such as vibration. . For this reason, it is possible to prevent the first electric conductor and the second electric conductor from being short-circuited under unintended conditions. In addition, since the first electric conductor and the second electric conductor are made of a foil-like member or a plate-like member, when the insulator is deformed at a predetermined temperature or higher, the first electric conductor and the second electric conductor are The area in contact with the body can be increased. For this reason, it becomes possible to control the resistance of the short-circuit element at the time of a short circuit. Further, once the short circuit is started, the short circuit area is sequentially expanded by Joule heat generated from the short circuit point, so that reliable and stable short circuit performance can be obtained.

また、好ましくは、前記挟込部分は、前記第一電気伝導体および前記第二電気伝導体が前記絶縁体を介して積層された状態で巻回されることにより形成される。   Preferably, the sandwiching portion is formed by winding the first electric conductor and the second electric conductor in a state of being stacked via the insulator.

これによれば、第一電気伝導体および第二電気伝導体と絶縁体とが積層された状態で巻回されることにより挟み込み部分が形成されるため、第一電気伝導体と第二電気伝導体とが短絡時に接触する面積を十分に確保しつつ電池短絡素子をコンパクトにすることができる。また、短絡素子は、巻回構造から成るため、第一電気伝導体と第二電気伝導体とが平面に戻ろうとする復元力を利用することができ、第一電気伝導体と第二電気伝導体とが復元力により互いに密着した状態とすることができる。このため、絶縁体が所定温度以上となって変形した場合に、第一電気伝導体と第二電気伝導体とを確実に短絡させることができる。さらに、巻回構造の巻き数を調整することによって、第一電気伝導体と第二電気伝導体とが短絡時に接触する面積を調整することが容易である。つまり、第一電気伝導体と第二電気伝導体とに挟まれる絶縁体の面積を調整することにより、電池短絡素子の抵抗値を任意の値に設定することが容易となる。   According to this, since the sandwiched portion is formed by winding the first electric conductor and the second electric conductor and the insulator in a stacked state, the first electric conductor and the second electric conductor are formed. The battery short-circuit element can be made compact while ensuring a sufficient area for contact with the body when short-circuited. In addition, since the short-circuit element has a winding structure, the first electric conductor and the second electric conductor can use a restoring force to return to the plane, and the first electric conductor and the second electric conductor can be used. The body can be brought into close contact with each other by the restoring force. For this reason, when the insulator is deformed at a predetermined temperature or higher, the first electric conductor and the second electric conductor can be reliably short-circuited. Furthermore, by adjusting the number of windings of the winding structure, it is easy to adjust the area where the first electrical conductor and the second electrical conductor are in contact with each other during a short circuit. That is, it becomes easy to set the resistance value of the battery short-circuiting element to an arbitrary value by adjusting the area of the insulator sandwiched between the first electric conductor and the second electric conductor.

また、前記絶縁体は複数枚であり、前記第二電気伝導体は複数枚であり、前記挟込部分は、前記第一電気伝導体と前記第二電気伝導体とが前記絶縁体を介して交互に積層されることにより形成されるようにすることもできる。   In addition, there are a plurality of the insulators, a plurality of the second electrical conductors, and the sandwiching portion includes the first electrical conductor and the second electrical conductor via the insulators. It can also be formed by alternately laminating.

また、前記第一電気伝導体は複数枚であり、前記挟込部分は、前記複数枚の第一電気伝導体と、前記複数枚の第二電気伝導体とが、前記複数枚の絶縁体を介して交互に積層されることにより形成されるようにすることもできる。   The first electric conductor is a plurality of sheets, and the sandwiching portion includes the plurality of first electric conductors and the plurality of second electric conductors, the plurality of insulators. It can also be made to form by laminating | stacking alternately.

また、前記挟込部分は、前記第一電気伝導体と前記第二電気伝導体とが前記絶縁体を挟んで、蛇腹状に折りたたまれることにより形成されるようにすることもできる。   The sandwiched portion may be formed by folding the first electrical conductor and the second electrical conductor in a bellows shape with the insulator sandwiched therebetween.

また、好ましくは、前記所定温度は、前記二次電池が有するセパレータがシャットダウンする温度以下である。   Preferably, the predetermined temperature is equal to or lower than a temperature at which a separator included in the secondary battery shuts down.

これによれば、セパレータがシャットダウンする前に二次電池を正極端子と負極端子との間で短絡させることができるため、二次電池内のエネルギーを安全に放出させることができる。   According to this, since the secondary battery can be short-circuited between the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal before the separator shuts down, the energy in the secondary battery can be safely released.

また、好ましくは、前記絶縁体は、前記所定温度以上になると軟化、収縮、断裂または融解することにより、前記第一電気伝導体と前記第二電気伝導体とを接触させる。   Preferably, the insulator is brought into contact with the first electrical conductor and the second electrical conductor by being softened, contracted, torn or melted when the temperature exceeds the predetermined temperature.

これによれば、絶縁体は、所定温度以上になると軟化、収縮、断裂または融解するため、確実に第一電気伝導体と、第二電気伝導体とを接触させて、短絡させることができる。   According to this, since the insulator softens, contracts, ruptures or melts when the temperature exceeds a predetermined temperature, the first electrical conductor and the second electrical conductor can be reliably brought into contact with each other and short-circuited.

また、好ましくは、第一電極と第二電極とを有する二次電池に接続される電池短絡素子であって、前記第一電極側に接続され、箔状部材または板状部材から成る第一電気伝導体と、前記第二電極側に接続され、箔状部材または板状部材から成る第二電気伝導体と、少なくとも前記第一電気伝導体と前記第二電気伝導体とが重なり合う領域において、前記第一電気伝導体と前記第二電気伝導体との間に配置される複数枚の絶縁体と、前記複数枚の絶縁体の間に配置され、箔状部材または板状部材から成る中間電気伝導体とを備え、前記絶縁体は、所定温度以上になると前記絶縁体の一部又は全部が変形することにより前記第一電気伝導体と前記第二電気伝導体とを短絡させる。   Preferably, the battery short-circuiting element is connected to a secondary battery having a first electrode and a second electrode, and is connected to the first electrode side, and is a first electric circuit comprising a foil-like member or a plate-like member. In the region where the conductor, the second electric conductor connected to the second electrode side and made of a foil-like member or a plate-like member, and at least the first electric conductor and the second electric conductor overlap, A plurality of insulators disposed between the first electrical conductor and the second electrical conductor, and an intermediate electrical conductor composed of a foil-shaped member or a plate-shaped member disposed between the plurality of insulators. When the insulator reaches a predetermined temperature or higher, a part or all of the insulator is deformed to short-circuit the first electrical conductor and the second electrical conductor.

これによれば、第一電気伝導体と第二電気伝導体との間に絶縁体フィルムを介して中間電気伝導体を挟み込んだ構造としても、絶縁体が所定温度になった場合に絶縁体が所定温度以上となって変形した場合に、第一電気伝導体と第二電気伝導体とが接触する面積を大きくすることができ確実に短絡させることができる。   According to this, even when the intermediate electrical conductor is sandwiched between the first electrical conductor and the second electrical conductor via the insulator film, the insulator is not heated when the insulator reaches a predetermined temperature. In the case of deformation at a predetermined temperature or higher, the contact area between the first electric conductor and the second electric conductor can be increased, and a short circuit can be ensured.

また、好ましくは、前記第一電極は正極であり、前記第二電極は負極であり、前記第二電気伝導体と前記第二電極との第二距離は、前記第一電気伝導体と前記第一電極との第一距離よりも短い。   Preferably, the first electrode is a positive electrode, the second electrode is a negative electrode, and the second distance between the second electric conductor and the second electrode is the first electric conductor and the first electrode. It is shorter than the first distance with one electrode.

例えば二次電池おいて発生した熱は負極端子の素材の熱伝導率が大きいことが多く、負極端子から効率良く伝わる。このため、短絡素子部材を正極端子より負極端子に近づけて配置することにより、正極接続部材または負極接続部材において放出される熱による温度低下の影響がほとんどなくなる。このため、短絡素子部材は、より早く、正確に二次電池において異常な熱が発生していることを検知して、二次電池の正極端子と負極端子とを短絡させることができる。   For example, the heat generated in the secondary battery often has a large thermal conductivity of the material of the negative electrode terminal, and is efficiently transmitted from the negative electrode terminal. For this reason, by arranging the short-circuit element member closer to the negative electrode terminal than the positive electrode terminal, there is almost no influence of the temperature drop due to the heat released in the positive electrode connection member or the negative electrode connection member. For this reason, the short circuit element member can detect that abnormal heat is generated in the secondary battery more quickly and accurately, and can short-circuit the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal of the secondary battery.

また、本発明は、このような短絡素子として実現できるだけでなく、短絡素子を第一電極側と第二電極側とに配置した二次電池として実現することもできる。さらに、本発明は、複数の二次電池が接続されて成る二次電池モジュールと、二次電池モジュールの第一電極側と第二電極側とを接続する短絡素子とから成る二次電池システムとして実現することもできる。   In addition, the present invention can be realized not only as such a short-circuit element but also as a secondary battery in which the short-circuit elements are arranged on the first electrode side and the second electrode side. Furthermore, the present invention provides a secondary battery system comprising a secondary battery module in which a plurality of secondary batteries are connected, and a short-circuit element that connects the first electrode side and the second electrode side of the secondary battery module. It can also be realized.

本発明に係る電池短絡素子によれば、二次電池に異常が発生して電池内部の温度が過度に上昇した場合にのみ、正極端子と負極端子とを確実に短絡させて安定的に放電させることができる。   According to the battery short-circuit element of the present invention, only when the abnormality occurs in the secondary battery and the temperature inside the battery rises excessively, the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal are short-circuited reliably and stably discharged. be able to.

本発明の一実施形態に係る電池短絡素子を含む二次電池の概観を模式的に示す斜視図である。1 is a perspective view schematically showing an overview of a secondary battery including a battery short-circuit element according to an embodiment of the present invention. 筐体の壁部の一部を省略して二次電池の内部を模式的に示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which omits a part of wall part of a housing | casing and shows the inside of a secondary battery typically. 電池短絡素子の構成を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the structure of a battery short circuit element. 巻回構造とする前の過程における電池短絡素子の構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of the battery short circuit element in the process before setting it as a winding structure. 巻回構造の電池短絡素子の外観図である。It is an external view of the battery short circuit element of a winding structure. 正極接続部材または負極接続部材の長手方向に直交する面における巻回構造の短絡素子部材の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the short circuit element member of the winding structure in the surface orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of a positive electrode connecting member or a negative electrode connecting member. 他の実施形態に係る巻回構造とする前の過程における電池短絡素子の構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of the battery short circuit element in the process before setting it as the winding structure which concerns on other embodiment. 他の実施形態に係る巻回構造の電池短絡素子の外観図である。It is an external view of the battery short circuit element of the winding structure which concerns on other embodiment. 他の実施形態に係る正極接続部材または負極接続部材の長手方向に直交する面における巻回構造の短絡素子部材の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the short circuit element member of the winding structure in the surface orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the positive electrode connection member or negative electrode connection member which concerns on other embodiment. 他の実施形態に係る巻回構造とする前の過程における電池短絡素子の構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of the battery short circuit element in the process before setting it as the winding structure which concerns on other embodiment. 他の実施形態に係る巻回構造の電池短絡素子の外観図である。It is an external view of the battery short circuit element of the winding structure which concerns on other embodiment. 他の実施形態に係る正極接続部材または負極接続部材の長手方向に直交する面における巻回構造の短絡素子部材の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the short circuit element member of the winding structure in the surface orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the positive electrode connection member or negative electrode connection member which concerns on other embodiment. 他の実施形態に係る電池短絡素子の構成を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the battery short circuit element which concerns on other embodiment. 積層構造の短絡素子部材の外観図である。It is an external view of the short circuit element member of a laminated structure. 正極接続部材または負極接続部材の長手方向に沿っておりかつ短手方向に直交する面における積層構造の短絡素子部材の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the short circuit element member of the laminated structure in the surface which is along the longitudinal direction of a positive electrode connection member or a negative electrode connection member, and is orthogonal to a transversal direction. 折りたたみ構造の短絡素子部材の外観図である。It is an external view of the short circuit element member of a folding structure. 正極接続部材または負極接続部材の長手方向に直交する面における折りたたみ構造の短絡素子部材の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the short circuit element member of the folding structure in the surface orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of a positive electrode connecting member or a negative electrode connecting member. 正極接続部材または負極接続部材の長手方向に沿っておりかつ短手方向に直交する面における中間電気伝導体を有する短絡素子部材の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the short circuit element member which has the intermediate electrical conductor in the surface which is along the longitudinal direction of a positive electrode connecting member or a negative electrode connecting member, and is orthogonal to a transversal direction.

本願発明の実施の形態における電池短絡素子について、図面を参照しながら説明する。なお、以下の実施の形態は、本願発明に係る電池短絡素子の一例を示したものに過ぎない。したがって本願発明は、以下の実施の形態を参考に請求の範囲の文言によって範囲が画定されるものであり、以下の実施の形態のみに限定されるものではない。   A battery short-circuit element in an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The following embodiment is merely an example of the battery short-circuit element according to the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is defined by the wording of the claims with reference to the following embodiments, and is not limited to the following embodiments.

図１は、電池短絡素子を含む二次電池の概観を模式的に示す斜視図である。図２は、筐体の壁部の一部を省略して二次電池の内部を模式的に示す斜視図である。   FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing an overview of a secondary battery including a battery short-circuit element. FIG. 2 is a perspective view schematically showing the inside of the secondary battery with a part of the wall portion of the housing omitted.

これらの図に示すように、二次電池１００は、電気を充電し、また、電気を放電することのできる蓄電池であり、より具体的には、非水電解液二次電池（例えばリチウムイオン二次電池）等である。二次電池１００は、発電要素１０１と、筐体１０２と、電極端子１０３である第一電極としての正極端子１３１および第二電極としての負極端子１３２と、集電部材１０４である正極集電部材１４１および負極集電部材１４２と、電池短絡素子１０とを備えている。   As shown in these drawings, the secondary battery 100 is a storage battery capable of charging electricity and discharging electricity, and more specifically, a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery (for example, a lithium ion secondary battery). Secondary battery). The secondary battery 100 includes a power generation element 101, a housing 102, a positive electrode terminal 131 as a first electrode that is an electrode terminal 103, a negative electrode terminal 132 as a second electrode, and a positive current collector that is a current collector 104. 141, a negative electrode current collecting member 142, and the battery short-circuit element 10.

電池短絡素子１０は、図３に示すように、正極接続部材１１と、負極接続部材１２と、短絡素子部材１３とにより構成される。図３は、電池短絡素子１０の構成を示す斜視図である。   As shown in FIG. 3, the battery short-circuit element 10 includes a positive electrode connection member 11, a negative electrode connection member 12, and a short-circuit element member 13. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the battery short-circuit element 10.

正極接続部材１１は、二次電池１００の正極端子１３１と短絡素子部材１３とを接続する板状の金属部材である。つまり、正極接続部材１１は、正極端子１３１から短絡素子部材１３まで伸びる長方形状の板状部材である。負極接続部材１２は、二次電池１００の負極端子１３２と短絡素子部材１３とを接続する板状の金属部材である。つまり、負極接続部材１２は、負極端子１３２から短絡素子部材１３まで伸びる長方形状の板状部材である。正極接続部材１１および負極接続部材１２は、金属部材であり、本実施の形態ではアルミニウムから成る。   The positive electrode connection member 11 is a plate-like metal member that connects the positive electrode terminal 131 of the secondary battery 100 and the short-circuit element member 13. That is, the positive electrode connection member 11 is a rectangular plate-like member that extends from the positive electrode terminal 131 to the short-circuit element member 13. The negative electrode connection member 12 is a plate-shaped metal member that connects the negative electrode terminal 132 of the secondary battery 100 and the short-circuit element member 13. That is, the negative electrode connection member 12 is a rectangular plate-shaped member that extends from the negative electrode terminal 132 to the short-circuit element member 13. The positive electrode connecting member 11 and the negative electrode connecting member 12 are metal members, and are made of aluminum in the present embodiment.

以下、図４Ａ、図４Ｂ、および図４Ｃを用いて電池短絡素子１０について説明する。図４Ａは、巻回構造とする前の過程における電池短絡素子の構成を示す図である。図４Ｂは、巻回構造の電池短絡素子の外観図である。図４Ｃは、正極接続部材または負極接続部材の長手方向に直交する面における巻回構造の短絡素子部材１３の断面図である。   Hereinafter, the battery short-circuit element 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. 4A, 4B, and 4C. FIG. 4A is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a battery short-circuit element in a process before the winding structure is formed. FIG. 4B is an external view of a battery short-circuit element having a winding structure. FIG. 4C is a cross-sectional view of the short-circuit element member 13 having a winding structure on a surface orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the positive electrode connection member or the negative electrode connection member.

短絡素子部材１３は、図４Ａに示すように、絶縁体フィルム１４と、第一電気伝導体１５と、第二電気伝導体１６とから成る。第一電気伝導体１５および第二電気伝導体１６は、長方形の箔状の金属部材であり、本実施の形態ではアルミニウムから成る。第一電気伝導体１５の１辺の全てにおいて、正極接続部材１１が接続されており、第一電気伝導体１５は正極接続部材１１により正極端子１３１に電気的に接続される。第二電気伝導体１６の１辺の全てにおいて、負極接続部材１２が接続されており、第二電気伝導体１６は負極接続部材１２により負極端子１３２に電気的に接続される。なお、正極接続部材１１が第一電気伝導体１５に接続される箇所は第一電気伝導体１５の１辺の全てでなくとも電気的に接続されていればよく、当該１辺の一部であってもよい。これと同様に、負極接続部材１２についても、第二電気伝導体１６に接続される箇所は第二電気伝導体１６の１辺の全てでなくとも電気的に接続されていればよく、当該１辺の一部であってもよい。実施形態ですのでここでは一形態のみとなるように、接続部材が電気伝導体に接続される箇所を、１辺の全ての場合と１辺の一部の場合とに分けて記載しています。   As illustrated in FIG. 4A, the short-circuit element member 13 includes an insulator film 14, a first electric conductor 15, and a second electric conductor 16. The first electric conductor 15 and the second electric conductor 16 are rectangular foil-like metal members, and are made of aluminum in the present embodiment. The positive electrode connecting member 11 is connected to all of one side of the first electric conductor 15, and the first electric conductor 15 is electrically connected to the positive electrode terminal 131 by the positive electrode connecting member 11. The negative electrode connecting member 12 is connected to all of one side of the second electric conductor 16, and the second electric conductor 16 is electrically connected to the negative electrode terminal 132 by the negative electrode connecting member 12. In addition, the location where the positive electrode connecting member 11 is connected to the first electric conductor 15 is not limited to all one side of the first electric conductor 15 as long as it is electrically connected. There may be. Similarly to the negative electrode connecting member 12, the portion connected to the second electrical conductor 16 is not limited to all one side of the second electrical conductor 16, but may be electrically connected. It may be a part of the side. Since this is an embodiment, here, the connection part is connected to the electrical conductor so that only one form is present, and it is shown separately for all cases on one side and part on one side.

絶縁体フィルム１４は、薄膜状の絶縁体であり、本実施の形態ではポリエチレンから成る。絶縁体フィルム１４は、図４Ａに示すように、２つ折りの状態で２つ折りの間に第一電気伝導体１５の全体が挟まれる。このように第一電気伝導体１５を絶縁体フィルム１４で挟み込んだものの外側に第二電気伝導体１６を配置することにより、第一電気伝導体１５と第二電気伝導体１６とが絶縁体フィルム１４を介して積層された状態としている。そして、第一電気伝導体１５と第二電気伝導体１６とが絶縁体フィルム１４を介して積層された状態で、短絡素子部材１３は、正極接続部材１１および負極接続部材１２を中心に、かつ、絶縁体フィルム１４が外側に、なるように１巻き以上巻き込むように巻回されることにより形成される。このように短絡素子部材１３を構成することで、第一電気伝導体１５は、絶縁体フィルム１４を介して第二電気伝導体１６によって挟み込まれる挟込部分を有することになる。   The insulator film 14 is a thin-film insulator and is made of polyethylene in this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 4A, the insulating film 14 is folded in half, and the entire first electric conductor 15 is sandwiched between the two. Thus, by arranging the second electric conductor 16 outside the first electric conductor 15 sandwiched between the insulating films 14, the first electric conductor 15 and the second electric conductor 16 are insulated from each other. 14 are stacked. And in the state where the first electric conductor 15 and the second electric conductor 16 are laminated via the insulator film 14, the short-circuit element member 13 is centered on the positive electrode connecting member 11 and the negative electrode connecting member 12, and The insulating film 14 is formed by being wound on the outside so as to be wound by one or more turns. By configuring the short-circuit element member 13 in this way, the first electrical conductor 15 has a sandwiched portion that is sandwiched by the second electrical conductor 16 via the insulator film 14.

また、絶縁体フィルム１４は、短絡素子部材１３として構成される際に、第一電気伝導体１５と第二電気伝導体１６との間であって、第一電気伝導体１５と第二電気伝導体１６とが重なり合う領域に少なくとも配置される。このように絶縁体フィルム１４を配置することにより、短絡素子部材１３内部において第一電気伝導体１５と第二電気伝導体１６とは電気的に絶縁された状態となる。   In addition, when the insulator film 14 is configured as the short-circuit element member 13, it is between the first electric conductor 15 and the second electric conductor 16, and the first electric conductor 15 and the second electric conductor. At least in the region where the body 16 overlaps. By disposing the insulator film 14 in this manner, the first electrical conductor 15 and the second electrical conductor 16 are electrically insulated inside the short-circuit element member 13.

そして、絶縁体フィルム１４は、所定温度（本実施の形態では８５℃）以上になると軟化、収縮、断裂または融解することにより変形し、第一電気伝導体１５と第二電気伝導体１６とを短絡させる。このとき、短絡素子部材１３の抵抗値（Ω）は、短絡前に比べて５桁以上低下する。   The insulator film 14 is deformed by softening, shrinking, tearing, or melting when the temperature exceeds a predetermined temperature (85 ° C. in the present embodiment), and the first electric conductor 15 and the second electric conductor 16 are transformed. Short circuit. At this time, the resistance value (Ω) of the short-circuit element member 13 is reduced by 5 digits or more compared to before the short-circuit.

このように、本実施の形態の二次電池１００によれば、第一電気伝導体１５が、絶縁体フィルム１４を介して第二電気伝導体１６によって挟みこまれる部分を少なくとも有している。このため、絶縁体フィルム１４が振動などの衝撃によって外れることを防ぐことができる。このため、意図しない条件において第一電気伝導体１５と第二電気伝導体１６とが短絡することを防ぐことができる。   Thus, according to the secondary battery 100 of the present embodiment, the first electric conductor 15 has at least a portion sandwiched between the second electric conductors 16 via the insulator film 14. For this reason, it can prevent that the insulator film 14 remove | deviates by shocks, such as a vibration. For this reason, it is possible to prevent the first electric conductor 15 and the second electric conductor 16 from being short-circuited under unintended conditions.

また、第一電気伝導体１５と第二電気伝導体１６とは箔状部材から成るため、２枚の絶縁体フィルム１４が所定温度以上となって軟化、収縮、断裂または融解した場合に、第一電気伝導体１５と第二電気伝導体１６とが接触する面積を大きくすることができ確実に短絡させることができる。   In addition, since the first electric conductor 15 and the second electric conductor 16 are formed of a foil-like member, when the two insulator films 14 are softened, shrunk, torn or melted at a predetermined temperature or higher, The area where the first electric conductor 15 and the second electric conductor 16 come into contact with each other can be increased, and a short circuit can be reliably achieved.

また、本実施の形態における短絡素子部材１３は、１枚の絶縁体フィルム１４に第一電気伝導体１５が挟まれた状態で、第二電気伝導体１６と積層されて、巻回されて成るこのため、短絡素子部材１３の巻回構造の中心側部分が外側に広がろうとする復元力によって、短絡素子部材１３の外側の部分と中心側の部分とが近づこうとする。つまり、第一電気伝導体１５と、第二電気伝導体１６との間には、互いに近づくような付勢力が働いている。このような状態で、絶縁体フィルムが変形すると、さらに確実に第一電気伝導体１５と第二電気伝導体１６とを短絡させることができる。また、短絡素子部材１３を巻回構造とすることにより、後述する積層構造や折りたたみ構造の短絡素子部材よりも耐震性および耐衝撃性が優れたものすることができる。   In addition, the short-circuit element member 13 in the present embodiment is formed by laminating and winding the second electric conductor 16 in a state where the first electric conductor 15 is sandwiched between one insulating film 14. For this reason, the outer portion of the short-circuit element member 13 and the center-side portion try to approach each other due to the restoring force that causes the center-side portion of the winding structure of the short-circuit element member 13 to spread outward. That is, an urging force is applied between the first electric conductor 15 and the second electric conductor 16 so as to approach each other. When the insulator film is deformed in such a state, the first electric conductor 15 and the second electric conductor 16 can be short-circuited more reliably. Moreover, by making the short circuit element member 13 into a winding structure, it is possible to make the earthquake resistance and the impact resistance superior to those of a short circuit element member having a laminated structure or a folding structure, which will be described later.

また、本実施の形態における短絡素子部材１３は、正極接続部材１１および負極接続部材１２を中心にして、第一電気伝導体１５、第二電気伝導体１６、および絶縁体フィルム１４を巻き込んだ巻回構造としている。このように、二次電池１００からの熱を伝導する正極接続部材１１および負極接続部材１２を短絡素子部材１３の中心に配置することにより、短絡素子部材１３における正極接続部材１１および負極接続部材１２からの放熱を防ぐことができる。このため、二次電池１００から異常な熱が発生した場合に、短絡素子部材１３に伝わった熱が放熱されることを軽減でき、確実に絶縁体フィルム１４に伝えることができる。これにより、より確実に短絡素子部材１３の内部において、二次電池１００において異常が発生したことを検知して、第一電気伝導体１５と第二電気伝導体１６とを短絡させることができる。   Further, the short-circuit element member 13 in the present embodiment is a winding in which the first electric conductor 15, the second electric conductor 16, and the insulator film 14 are wound around the positive electrode connecting member 11 and the negative electrode connecting member 12. It has a round structure. Thus, by arranging the positive electrode connecting member 11 and the negative electrode connecting member 12 that conduct heat from the secondary battery 100 at the center of the short circuit element member 13, the positive electrode connection member 11 and the negative electrode connection member 12 in the short circuit element member 13 are arranged. Heat dissipation from the can be prevented. For this reason, when abnormal heat | fever generate | occur | produces from the secondary battery 100, it can reduce that the heat | fever transmitted to the short circuit element member 13 is thermally radiated, and can transmit to the insulator film 14 reliably. As a result, it is possible to detect the occurrence of an abnormality in the secondary battery 100 inside the short-circuit element member 13 more reliably and to short-circuit the first electric conductor 15 and the second electric conductor 16.

本実施の形態における短絡素子部材１３は、長方形状の第一電気伝導体１５と第二電気伝導体１６との間に、同じく長方形状の絶縁体フィルム１４を配置することにより、第一電気伝導体１５と第二電気伝導体１６とを絶縁している。このため、第一電気伝導体１５、第二電気伝導体１６、および絶縁体フィルム１４の面積（つまり、接触する面積）を調整することにより、絶縁状態における抵抗値と、短絡状態を想定した抵抗値とを容易に調整することができる。このため、二次電池１００の容量の大きさに応じて、最適な抵抗値をもつ短絡素子部材１３を製造することが容易となる。   The short-circuit element member 13 in the present embodiment is configured such that the first rectangular electric conductor 15 and the second electric conductor 16 are arranged between the rectangular electric insulator film 14 and the first electric conductor. The body 15 and the second electric conductor 16 are insulated. For this reason, by adjusting the area of the first electric conductor 15, the second electric conductor 16, and the insulator film 14 (that is, the contact area), the resistance value in the insulating state and the resistance assuming the short-circuit state The value can be easily adjusted. For this reason, according to the capacity | capacitance size of the secondary battery 100, it becomes easy to manufacture the short circuit element member 13 which has an optimal resistance value.

このように、本実施の形態における電池短絡素子１０は、所定温度以上になると、第一電気伝導体１５と第二電気伝導体１６とを確実に短絡させることができるため、二次電池１００が過充電時などに異常な温度になった場合に、過充電中の入力電流を逃がしつつ、電池のエネルギーを安全に放出させることができる。   Thus, since the battery short-circuit element 10 in this Embodiment can short-circuit the 1st electrical conductor 15 and the 2nd electrical conductor 16 reliably when it becomes more than predetermined temperature, the secondary battery 100 is used. When an abnormal temperature is reached during overcharge or the like, the battery energy can be safely released while releasing the input current during overcharge.

上記実施の形態では、短絡素子部材１３は、１枚の絶縁体フィルム１４を使用して構成しているが、絶縁体フィルム１４を２枚使用してもよい。この場合には、短絡素子部材１３の製造時に、図５Ａ、図５Ｂ、および図５Ｃに示すように、絶縁体フィルム１４（１枚目：第一絶縁体）、第一電気伝導体１５、絶縁体フィルム１４（２枚目：第二絶縁体）、および第二電気伝導体１６がこの順に積層される。そして、積層された状態で、短絡素子部材１３は、正極接続部材１１および負極接続部材１２を中心に、かつ、１枚目の絶縁体フィルム１４（第一絶縁体）が外側に、なるように１巻き以上巻き込むように巻回して、少なくとも外側の辺が留められることにより形成される。このように短絡素子部材１３を構成することで、第一電気伝導体１５は、２枚の絶縁体フィルム１４を介して第二電気伝導体１６によって挟み込まれる挟込部分を有することになる。   In the said embodiment, although the short circuit element member 13 is comprised using the one insulator film 14, you may use two insulator films 14. FIG. In this case, at the time of manufacturing the short-circuit element member 13, as shown in FIGS. 5A, 5B, and 5C, the insulator film 14 (first sheet: first insulator), the first electric conductor 15, the insulation The body film 14 (second sheet: second insulator) and the second electric conductor 16 are laminated in this order. Then, in the laminated state, the short-circuit element member 13 is centered on the positive electrode connecting member 11 and the negative electrode connecting member 12, and the first insulator film 14 (first insulator) is on the outside. It is formed by winding at least one turn and fastening at least the outer side. By configuring the short-circuit element member 13 in this manner, the first electrical conductor 15 has a sandwiched portion that is sandwiched by the second electrical conductor 16 via the two insulating films 14.

上記実施の形態では、短絡素子部材１３は、正極接続部材１１および負極接続部材１２の両方が巻回構造の中心となるように形成されているがこれに限らずに、図６Ａ、図６Ｂ、および図６Ｃのように、正極接続部材１１および負極接続部材１２のうちの一方を巻回構造の中心となるように形成してもよい。また、図示しないが、正極接続部材１１および負極接続部材１２の両方を巻回構造の外側となるように形成してもよい。   In the above embodiment, the short-circuit element member 13 is formed so that both the positive electrode connecting member 11 and the negative electrode connecting member 12 are the center of the wound structure, but not limited thereto, FIG. 6A, FIG. 6B, As shown in FIG. 6C, one of the positive electrode connection member 11 and the negative electrode connection member 12 may be formed to be the center of the winding structure. Moreover, although not shown in figure, you may form both the positive electrode connection member 11 and the negative electrode connection member 12 so that it may become the outer side of a winding structure.

上記実施の形態では、特に言及していないが、短絡素子部材１３は、図７のように負極側に配置されるように構成してもよい。つまり、第二電気伝導体１６と負極端子１３２との第二距離は、第一電気伝導体１５と正極端子１３１との第一距離よりも短い。なお、この場合の第一距離は、第一電気伝導体１５と正極端子１３１とを電気的（または熱的）に接続する物質における距離であり、本実施の形態では正極接続部材１１の長さである。このことは、第二距離についても同じことが言え、第二距離は、第二電気伝導体１６と負極端子１３２とを電気的（または熱的）に接続する物質における距離であり、本実施の形態では負極接続部材１２の長さである。二次電池１００において、負極端子１３２は正極端子１３１よりも熱伝導性の大きい銅で構成されることが多い。このような場合には特に、二次電池１００において発生した熱は負極端子から効率良く伝わるため、短絡素子部材１３を正極端子より負極端子に近づけて配置することにより、正極接続部材１１または負極接続部材１２において放出される熱による温度低下の影響がほとんどなくなる。このため、短絡素子部材１３は、より早く、正確に二次電池１００において異常な熱が発生していることを検知して、二次電池１００の正極端子と負極端子とを短絡させることができる。   Although not particularly mentioned in the above embodiment, the short-circuit element member 13 may be arranged on the negative electrode side as shown in FIG. That is, the second distance between the second electric conductor 16 and the negative electrode terminal 132 is shorter than the first distance between the first electric conductor 15 and the positive electrode terminal 131. Note that the first distance in this case is a distance in a substance that electrically (or thermally) connects the first electrical conductor 15 and the positive electrode terminal 131, and in this embodiment, the length of the positive electrode connecting member 11. It is. The same can be said for the second distance. The second distance is a distance in the material that electrically (or thermally) connects the second electric conductor 16 and the negative electrode terminal 132. In form, it is the length of the negative electrode connection member 12. In the secondary battery 100, the negative electrode terminal 132 is often made of copper having higher thermal conductivity than the positive electrode terminal 131. Particularly in such a case, since the heat generated in the secondary battery 100 is efficiently transmitted from the negative electrode terminal, the positive electrode connection member 11 or the negative electrode connection is provided by arranging the short-circuit element member 13 closer to the negative electrode terminal than the positive electrode terminal. The influence of the temperature drop due to the heat released in the member 12 is almost eliminated. For this reason, the short circuit element member 13 can detect that abnormal heat is generated in the secondary battery 100 more quickly and accurately, and can short-circuit the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal of the secondary battery 100. .

また、第二電気伝導体１６と負極端子１３２との距離を第一電気伝導体１５と正極端子１３１との距離よりも近づける事に限定されない。例えば、負極端子１３２に接続される第二電気伝導体１６を素早く高温にするために、負極接続部材１２の熱伝導性を高めてもよい。具体的には、負極接続部材１２の素材を銅にすることにより、負極接続部材１２の熱伝導率を正極接続部材１１の熱伝導率よりも大きくするような構成としてもよい。なお、この場合には、二次電池１００に生じた熱を第二電気伝導体１６へ伝えて、第二電気伝導体１６の温度を上げることにより、絶縁体フィルム１４が所定温度以上にすることが目的である。このため、第二電気伝導体１６と負極端子１３２とを接続する負極接続部材１２には、第二電気伝導体１６以外の部分への熱の放出を避けるために断熱処理または遮熱処理を行うこともできる。   Further, the distance between the second electric conductor 16 and the negative electrode terminal 132 is not limited to be closer than the distance between the first electric conductor 15 and the positive electrode terminal 131. For example, the thermal conductivity of the negative electrode connection member 12 may be increased in order to quickly increase the temperature of the second electrical conductor 16 connected to the negative electrode terminal 132. Specifically, the negative electrode connection member 12 may be made of copper, so that the thermal conductivity of the negative electrode connection member 12 is larger than the thermal conductivity of the positive electrode connection member 11. In this case, the heat generated in the secondary battery 100 is transmitted to the second electric conductor 16 and the temperature of the second electric conductor 16 is increased, so that the insulator film 14 is set to a predetermined temperature or higher. Is the purpose. For this reason, the negative electrode connection member 12 that connects the second electric conductor 16 and the negative electrode terminal 132 is subjected to heat insulation treatment or heat shielding treatment in order to avoid release of heat to portions other than the second electric conductor 16. You can also.

上記実施の形態では、特に言及していないが、短絡素子部材１３は、その外側がラミネート部材で覆われて構成されてもよい。このように、短絡素子部材１３が構成されることにより、短絡素子部材１３は、外側に配置される絶縁体フィルム１４の辺を留めなくともよい。つまり、短絡素子部材１３の外側にラミネート部材をかぶせることにより、短絡素子部材１３の中心から働く復元力を利用して抑えつけることが容易にできる。また、短絡素子部材１３の全体を覆うため第一電気伝導体１５と第二電気伝導体１６とが予期せずに短絡することを確実に防ぐことができる。   Although not particularly mentioned in the above embodiment, the short-circuit element member 13 may be configured such that the outside is covered with a laminate member. Thus, the short circuit element member 13 does not need to hold the edge | side of the insulator film 14 arrange | positioned on the outer side by comprising the short circuit element member 13. FIG. That is, by covering the outer side of the short-circuit element member 13 with the laminate member, it can be easily suppressed by using the restoring force that works from the center of the short-circuit element member 13. Moreover, since the whole short circuit element member 13 is covered, it can prevent reliably that the 1st electrical conductor 15 and the 2nd electrical conductor 16 short-circuit unexpectedly.

上記実施の形態では、短絡素子部材１３は、第一電気伝導体１５と、第二電気伝導体１６と、絶縁体フィルム１４とが積層されて巻きつけられて巻回構造を形成することにより、第一電気伝導体１５において絶縁体フィルム１４を介して第二電気伝導体によって挟み込まれる挟込部分が生じているが巻回構造に限定されない。   In the above embodiment, the short circuit element member 13 is formed by laminating the first electric conductor 15, the second electric conductor 16, and the insulator film 14 to form a winding structure. In the first electrical conductor 15, a sandwiched portion is formed that is sandwiched by the second electrical conductor via the insulator film 14, but is not limited to a winding structure.

例えば、図８Ａおよび図８Ｂに示すように、複数の（３枚の）第一電気伝導体１５ａと、複数の（３枚の）第二電気伝導体１６ａとを複数の絶縁体フィルム１４ａを介して交互に積層させることにより、挟込部分を形成した短絡素子部材１３ａとしてもよい。なお、図８Ａは、積層構造の短絡素子部材１３ａの外観図であり、図８Ｂは、正極接続部材または負極接続部材の長手方向に沿っておりかつ短手方向に直交する面における積層構造の短絡素子部材１３ａの断面図である。なお、この場合に、積層される複数の第一電気伝導体１５ａは、正極側接続部分２０により導通された状態とされ、正極側接続部分２０が正極接続部材１１と接続される。これにより、複数の第一電気伝導体１５ａは、正極端子１３１と接続される。同様にして、積層される複数の第二電気伝導体１６ａは、負極側接続部分２１により導通された状態とされ、負極側接続部分２１が負極接続部材１２と接続される。これにより、複数の第二電気伝導体１６ａは、負極端子１３２と接続される。なお、正極側接続部分２０および負極側接続部分２１は、金属部材であり、第一電気伝導体１５ａおよび第二電気伝導体１６ａと同様の材料から成る。   For example, as shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, a plurality of (three) first electric conductors 15a and a plurality of (three) second electric conductors 16a are interposed via a plurality of insulator films 14a. It is good also as the short circuit element member 13a which formed the clamping part by laminating | stacking alternately. 8A is an external view of the short-circuit element member 13a having a laminated structure, and FIG. 8B is a short-circuit of the laminated structure on a plane that is along the longitudinal direction of the positive electrode connecting member or the negative electrode connecting member and orthogonal to the short direction. It is sectional drawing of the element member 13a. In this case, the plurality of stacked first electric conductors 15 a are brought into a conductive state by the positive electrode side connection portion 20, and the positive electrode side connection portion 20 is connected to the positive electrode connection member 11. Thereby, the plurality of first electric conductors 15 a are connected to the positive electrode terminal 131. Similarly, the plurality of second electrical conductors 16 a to be stacked are brought into a conductive state by the negative electrode side connection portion 21, and the negative electrode side connection portion 21 is connected to the negative electrode connection member 12. Thereby, the plurality of second electric conductors 16 a are connected to the negative terminal 132. In addition, the positive electrode side connection part 20 and the negative electrode side connection part 21 are metal members, and are made of the same material as that of the first electric conductor 15a and the second electric conductor 16a.

また、例えば、図９Ａおよび図９Ｂに示すように、１枚の箔状の第一電気伝導体１５ｂと、１枚の箔状の第二電気伝導体１６ｂとを１枚の薄膜状の絶縁体フィルム１４ｂを介して積層し、積層した状態で蛇腹状に折りたたむことにより、挟込部分を形成してもよい。なお、図９Ａは、折りたたみ構造の短絡素子部材１３ｂの外観図であり、図９Ｂは、正極接続部材または負極接続部材の長手方向に直交する面における折りたたみ構造の短絡素子部材１３ｂの断面図である。なお、この場合に、第一電気伝導体１５ｂの１辺には正極接続部材１１が接続され、第二電気伝導体１６ｂの１辺には負極接続部材１２が接続される。   Also, for example, as shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B, one foil-shaped first electrical conductor 15b and one foil-shaped second electrical conductor 16b are combined into one thin-film insulator. The sandwiched portion may be formed by laminating through the film 14b and folding in a accordion shape in the laminated state. 9A is an external view of the short-circuit element member 13b having a folding structure, and FIG. 9B is a cross-sectional view of the short-circuit element member 13b having a folding structure on a plane orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the positive electrode connection member or the negative electrode connection member. . In this case, the positive electrode connecting member 11 is connected to one side of the first electric conductor 15b, and the negative electrode connecting member 12 is connected to one side of the second electric conductor 16b.

また、例えば、図１０に示すように、１枚の中間電気伝導体１７を２枚の絶縁体フィルム１４ｃで挟みこんで形成した絶縁体層をさらに、１枚の箔状の第一電気伝導体１５ｃと、１枚の第二電気伝導体１６ｃとにより挟んだ短絡素子部材１３ｃとしてもよい。また、中間電気伝導体１７を図１０のように積層した状態から、上述したような巻回構造や、折りたたみ構造の短絡素子部材を形成してもよい。   Further, for example, as shown in FIG. 10, an insulating layer formed by sandwiching one sheet of intermediate electric conductor 17 between two sheets of insulating film 14 c is further added to one sheet of foil-shaped first electric conductor. It is good also as the short circuit element member 13c pinched | interposed by 15c and the 1st 2nd electric conductor 16c. Alternatively, the short-circuit element member having the winding structure or the folding structure as described above may be formed from the state in which the intermediate electric conductor 17 is laminated as shown in FIG.

図１０は、正極接続部材１１または負極接続部材１２の長手方向に沿っておりかつ短手方向に直交する面における中間電気伝導体１７を有する短絡素子部材１３ｃの断面図である。なお、中間電気伝導体１７の素材は電気伝導性を有するものであればよく、第一電気伝導体１５ｃおよび第二電気伝導体１６ｃと同じであってもよいし、異なる素材であってもよい。また、中間電気伝導体１７は、正常時の二次電池において、第一電気伝導体１５ｃ及び第二電気伝導体１６ｃとは電気的に絶縁状態となる。そして、電池の異常時においては、２枚の絶縁体フィルム１４ｃが変形することにより第一電気伝導体１５ｃ及び第二電気伝導体１６ｃと電気的に接続され、第一電気伝導体１５ｃと第二電気伝導体１６ｃとを短絡させる。なお、中間電気伝導体１７は、第一電気伝導体１５ｃおよび第二電気伝導体１６ｃと電気的に絶縁状態となっていればよく、その位置は限定されるものではない。   FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the short-circuit element member 13c having the intermediate electrical conductor 17 on a plane that is along the longitudinal direction of the positive electrode connecting member 11 or the negative electrode connecting member 12 and orthogonal to the short direction. The material of the intermediate electrical conductor 17 may be any material as long as it has electrical conductivity, and may be the same as or different from the first electrical conductor 15c and the second electrical conductor 16c. . In addition, the intermediate electrical conductor 17 is electrically insulated from the first electrical conductor 15c and the second electrical conductor 16c in a normal secondary battery. When the battery is abnormal, the two insulating films 14c are deformed to be electrically connected to the first electric conductor 15c and the second electric conductor 16c, and the first electric conductor 15c and the second electric conductor 15c are electrically connected. The electrical conductor 16c is short-circuited. The intermediate electrical conductor 17 is not limited as long as it is electrically insulated from the first electrical conductor 15c and the second electrical conductor 16c.

また、第一電気伝導体１５ｃと第二電気伝導体１６ｃとによって挟まれる中間電気伝導体１７は、１枚に限らずに２枚以上であっても良い。なお、中間電気伝導体１７が２枚以上の場合には、以下の２通りの場合のいずれであってもよい。そのひとつは、それぞれの中間電気伝導体１７の間に絶縁体フィルム１４ｃが挟み込まれ、中間電気伝導体１７と第一電気伝導体１５ｃおよび第二電気伝導体１６ｃとの間にも絶縁体フィルム１４ｃが挟み込まれる場合である。もうひとつは、複数の中間電気伝導体１７が絶縁体フィルム１４ｃを介すること無く積層され、複数の中間電気伝導体１７と第一電気伝導体１５ｃおよび第二電気伝導体１６ｃとの間にも絶縁体フィルム１４ｃが挟み込まれる場合である。   Further, the number of intermediate electric conductors 17 sandwiched between the first electric conductor 15c and the second electric conductor 16c is not limited to one, but may be two or more. When there are two or more intermediate electrical conductors 17, any of the following two cases may be used. One of them is that an insulator film 14c is sandwiched between the respective intermediate electric conductors 17, and the insulator film 14c is also interposed between the intermediate electric conductor 17, the first electric conductor 15c, and the second electric conductor 16c. This is the case where The other is that a plurality of intermediate electric conductors 17 are stacked without interposing an insulator film 14c, and insulation is also provided between the plurality of intermediate electric conductors 17, and the first electric conductor 15c and the second electric conductor 16c. This is a case where the body film 14c is sandwiched.

図８Ａおよび図８Ｂ、または、図９Ａおよび図９Ｂのように、短絡素子部材を構成するようにしても、箔状部材および薄膜状部材を積層させて短絡素子部材を構成しているため、絶縁体フィルム１４ａ、１４ｂが所定温度以上となって軟化、収縮、断裂または融解した場合に、第一電気伝導体１５ａ、１５ｂと第二電気伝導体１６ａ、１６ｂとが接触する面積を大きくすることができ確実に短絡させることができる。また、上記実施形態と同様に、第一電気伝導体１５ａ、１５ｂが、絶縁体フィルム１４ａ、１４ｂを介して第二電気伝導体１６ａ、１６ｂによって挟みこまれる挟込部分を少なくとも有している。このため、絶縁体フィルム１４ａ、１４ｂが振動などの衝撃によって外れることを防ぐことができる。このため、意図しない条件において第一電気伝導体１５ａ、１５ｂと第二電気伝導体１６ａ、１６ｂとが短絡することを防ぐことができる。   8A and 8B or 9A and 9B, even if the short-circuit element member is configured, the short-circuit element member is configured by laminating the foil-shaped member and the thin-film-shaped member. When the body films 14a and 14b are softened, shrunk, torn or melted at a predetermined temperature or higher, the area where the first electric conductors 15a and 15b and the second electric conductors 16a and 16b come into contact with each other may be increased. Can be short-circuited reliably. Similarly to the above embodiment, the first electrical conductors 15a and 15b have at least a sandwiched portion sandwiched by the second electrical conductors 16a and 16b via the insulator films 14a and 14b. For this reason, it can prevent that the insulator films 14a and 14b remove | deviate by impacts, such as a vibration. For this reason, it is possible to prevent the first electric conductors 15a and 15b and the second electric conductors 16a and 16b from being short-circuited under unintended conditions.

上記実施の形態の電池短絡素子１０は、所定温度として８５℃以上で絶縁体フィルム１４が変形して第一電気伝導体１５と第二電気伝導体１６とが短絡しているが、８５℃以上であって電池に使用するセパレータのシャットダウン温度以下であることが好ましい。電池に用いられるセパレータのシャットダウン温度としては、１２０〜１３０℃のものが多いが、この温度域よりも低温あるいは高温でシャットダウンが起こるものもある。これにより、二次電池１００が電池セパレータによりシャットダウンする以前に電池短絡素子１０が短絡することにより二次電池１００を放電させることができる。このため、より安全に二次電池１００のエネルギーを放出させることができる。   In the battery short-circuit element 10 of the above embodiment, the insulator film 14 is deformed at a predetermined temperature of 85 ° C. or higher, and the first electric conductor 15 and the second electric conductor 16 are short-circuited, but 85 ° C. or higher. However, it is preferable that it is below the shutdown temperature of the separator used for a battery. The separator used in the battery often has a shutdown temperature of 120 to 130 ° C., but there is also a shutdown that occurs at a temperature lower or higher than this temperature range. Thereby, the secondary battery 100 can be discharged by short-circuiting the battery short-circuit element 10 before the secondary battery 100 is shut down by the battery separator. For this reason, the energy of the secondary battery 100 can be released more safely.

上記実施の形態の電池短絡素子１０は、２枚の絶縁体フィルム１４が第一電気伝導体１５および第二電気伝導体１６とともに積層されることにより形成されており、その積層方法について特に言及していないが例えば以下の方法が考えられる。   The battery short-circuit element 10 of the above embodiment is formed by laminating two insulating films 14 together with the first electric conductor 15 and the second electric conductor 16, and particularly refers to the laminating method. For example, the following method can be considered.

例えば第一電気伝導体１５および第二電気伝導体１６のいずれか一方においていずれかの面に絶縁体フィルムを接着し、絶縁体フィルムが接着された状態の第一電気伝導体１５と第二電気伝導体１６とを積層することにより電池短絡素子１０を形成してもよい。つまり、第一電気伝導体１５において第二電気伝導体１６と接触する側の面、または、第二電気伝導体１６において第一電気伝導体１５と接触する側の面に絶縁体フィルムを接着する。   For example, the first electric conductor 15 and the second electric conductor 15 in a state where the insulator film is bonded to either surface of either the first electric conductor 15 or the second electric conductor 16 and the insulating film is bonded. The battery short-circuit element 10 may be formed by laminating the conductor 16. That is, the insulator film is bonded to the surface of the first electric conductor 15 that contacts the second electric conductor 16 or the surface of the second electric conductor 16 that contacts the first electric conductor 15. .

また、例えば、第一電気伝導体１５および第二電気伝導体１６のいずれか一方においていずれかの面に所定温度以上になると軟化、収縮、断裂または融解する塗布膜を絶縁体として塗布することにより、電池短絡素子１０を形成してもよい。つまり、第一電気伝導体１５において第二電気伝導体１６と接触する側の面、または、第二電気伝導体１６において第一電気伝導体１５と接触する側の面に絶縁体である塗布膜が塗布される。   In addition, for example, by applying a coating film that softens, shrinks, ruptures or melts as an insulator on any surface of either one of the first electric conductor 15 and the second electric conductor 16 when the temperature exceeds a predetermined temperature. The battery short-circuit element 10 may be formed. That is, the coating film that is an insulator on the surface of the first electrical conductor 15 that contacts the second electrical conductor 16 or the surface of the second electrical conductor 16 that contacts the first electrical conductor 15. Is applied.

これらのように電池短絡素子を構成すれば、第一電気伝導体１５または第二電気伝導体１６の少なくともいずれか一方と絶縁体フィルムとを密着させた状態に維持することができる。   If the battery short-circuit element is configured as described above, at least one of the first electric conductor 15 and the second electric conductor 16 and the insulator film can be maintained in close contact with each other.

また、例えば、袋状の絶縁体フィルムを第一電気伝導体１５または第二電気伝導体１６のいずれかにかぶせることにより第一電気伝導体１５と第二電気伝導体１６とを積層させてもよい。これにより、確実に第一電気伝導体１５と第二電気伝導体１６とを絶縁させることができ、容易に製造することができる。   Further, for example, the first electric conductor 15 and the second electric conductor 16 may be laminated by covering the bag-like insulator film with either the first electric conductor 15 or the second electric conductor 16. Good. Thereby, the 1st electric conductor 15 and the 2nd electric conductor 16 can be insulated reliably, and it can manufacture easily.

上記実施の形態の電池短絡素子１０では、第一電気伝導体１５および第二電気伝導体１６はアルミニウムから成るが、これに限らずに、熱伝導性が高いものであればよい。例えば、第一電気伝導体１５および第二電気伝導体１６の少なくともどちらか一方が、アルミニウム、ニッケル、鉄、銅、およびステンレスのいずれかであればよい。また、同様に、正極接続部材１１および負極接続部材１２はアルミニウムから成るが、これに限らずに、熱伝導性が高いものであればよい。例えば、正極接続部材１１および負極接続部材１２の少なくともどちらか一方が、アルミニウム、ニッケル、鉄、銅、およびステンレスのいずれかであればよい。   In the battery short-circuit element 10 of the above-described embodiment, the first electric conductor 15 and the second electric conductor 16 are made of aluminum. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and any material having high thermal conductivity may be used. For example, at least one of the first electric conductor 15 and the second electric conductor 16 may be any one of aluminum, nickel, iron, copper, and stainless steel. Similarly, the positive electrode connecting member 11 and the negative electrode connecting member 12 are made of aluminum. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and any material having high thermal conductivity may be used. For example, at least one of the positive electrode connection member 11 and the negative electrode connection member 12 may be any one of aluminum, nickel, iron, copper, and stainless steel.

上記実施の形態の電池短絡素子１０では、絶縁体フィルム１４は、ポリエチレンから成るが、これに限らずに、ポリプロピレンであってもよいし、パラフィンであってもよいし、ナイロンであってもよいし、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、パラフィン、ナイロン、およびその他の樹脂のいずれかを混合した混合物であってもよい。また、絶縁体フィルム１４は、多孔質な材料から成るものであってもよい。   In the battery short-circuit element 10 of the above embodiment, the insulator film 14 is made of polyethylene, but is not limited to this, and may be polypropylene, paraffin, or nylon. Further, it may be a mixture obtained by mixing any of polyethylene, polypropylene, paraffin, nylon, and other resins. The insulator film 14 may be made of a porous material.

さらに、上記実施形態の絶縁体フィルム１４は、連続した面を有する薄膜状の部材であるが、面が連続していなくともよく、例えば、貫通した穴を有する形状であってもよい。このような形状の絶縁体フィルムを採用することにより、第一電気伝導体１５と第二電気伝導体１６との間に絶縁体が挿入される領域と、空隙が挿入される領域とを設けることになる。これにより、第一電気伝導体１５と第二電気伝導体１６とを容易に短絡させることができるようになるため、電池短絡素子１０全体の抵抗を穴の大きさを変えることにより調整することができる。   Furthermore, although the insulator film 14 of the said embodiment is a thin film-like member which has a continuous surface, the surface does not need to be continuous, for example, the shape which has the hole penetrated may be sufficient. By adopting the insulator film having such a shape, a region where the insulator is inserted and a region where a gap is inserted are provided between the first electric conductor 15 and the second electric conductor 16. become. As a result, the first electric conductor 15 and the second electric conductor 16 can be easily short-circuited, so that the resistance of the entire battery short-circuit element 10 can be adjusted by changing the size of the hole. it can.

上記実施の形態の電池短絡素子１０は、一つの二次電池１００の負極端子１３２と正極端子１３１とを短絡させるものであるが、一つの二次電池１００に限らずに、複数の二次電池を組み合わせたものに対して適用してもよい。例えば、電池短絡素子１０は、複数の二次電池が直列に接続された二次電池システムに対して適用してもよいし、複数の二次電池が並列に接続された二次電池システムに対して適用してもよいし、複数の二次電池が直並列に接続された二次電池システムに対して適用してもよい。   The battery short-circuit element 10 of the above embodiment is for short-circuiting the negative electrode terminal 132 and the positive electrode terminal 131 of one secondary battery 100, but is not limited to one secondary battery 100, and a plurality of secondary batteries. You may apply with respect to what combined. For example, the battery short-circuit element 10 may be applied to a secondary battery system in which a plurality of secondary batteries are connected in series, or to a secondary battery system in which a plurality of secondary batteries are connected in parallel. It may be applied to a secondary battery system in which a plurality of secondary batteries are connected in series and parallel.

上記実施の形態の二次電池１００では、負極端子１３２と正極端子１３１とを一つの電池短絡素子１０により短絡可能な状態に接続しているが、これに限らずに、負極端子１３２と筐体１０２との間と、正極端子１３１と筐体１０２との間とをそれぞれ一つずつの電池短絡素子１０により短絡可能な状態に接続してもよい。筐体１０２は、電気導電性のある例えば金属部材により構成されている。このため、上記のような構成としても、二次電池１００に異常な熱が生じた場合に、負極端子１３２と筐体１０２とが短絡し、かつ、正極端子１３１と筐体１０２とが短絡することにより、負極端子１３２と正極端子１３１とを短絡させることができる。また、このように、２つの電池短絡素子１０により負極端子１３２と正極端子１３１とを短絡可能な状態に接続することで、何らかの異常により一方の電池短絡素子１０が短絡してしまっても、正常な状態の二次電池１００を短絡して放電することを防ぐことができる。   In the secondary battery 100 of the above embodiment, the negative electrode terminal 132 and the positive electrode terminal 131 are connected to each other in a state where they can be short-circuited by one battery short-circuit element 10. 102 and between the positive electrode terminal 131 and the housing 102 may be connected to each other in a state that can be short-circuited by one battery short-circuit element 10. The housing 102 is made of, for example, a metal member having electrical conductivity. For this reason, even with the above configuration, when abnormal heat is generated in the secondary battery 100, the negative electrode terminal 132 and the housing 102 are short-circuited, and the positive electrode terminal 131 and the housing 102 are short-circuited. Thereby, the negative electrode terminal 132 and the positive electrode terminal 131 can be short-circuited. Further, by connecting the negative electrode terminal 132 and the positive electrode terminal 131 in such a state that the two battery short-circuit elements 10 can be short-circuited in this way, even if one battery short-circuit element 10 is short-circuited due to some abnormality, it is normal. It is possible to prevent the secondary battery 100 in a simple state from being short-circuited and discharged.

上記実施の形態の電池短絡素子１０では、特に言及していないが、さらに、例えば短絡素子部材１３の表面に一定温度以上になったら色が変化するサーモテープを貼ってもよい。このように、電池短絡素子１０を構成することにより、サーモテープの色の変化を、二次電池１００に異常が発生して電池短絡素子１０が作動したか否かを判定するための指標に利用することができる。   Although not particularly mentioned in the battery short-circuit element 10 of the above-described embodiment, for example, a thermo tape whose color changes when the temperature reaches a certain temperature or more may be attached to the surface of the short-circuit element member 13. In this way, by configuring the battery short-circuit element 10, the change in color of the thermo tape is used as an index for determining whether or not the battery short-circuit element 10 is activated due to an abnormality in the secondary battery 100. can do.

上記実施の形態の電池短絡素子１０では、第一電気伝導体１５は正極端子１３１と正極接続部材１１を介して接続され、第二電気伝導体１６は負極端子１３２と負極接続部材１２を介して接続されているが、これに限らずに、第一電気伝導体１５が負極端子１３２と接続され、第二電気伝導体１６が正極端子１３１と接続されるようにしてもよい。   In the battery short-circuit element 10 of the above embodiment, the first electric conductor 15 is connected to the positive electrode terminal 131 via the positive electrode connecting member 11, and the second electric conductor 16 is connected to the negative electrode terminal 132 via the negative electrode connecting member 12. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the first electric conductor 15 may be connected to the negative terminal 132 and the second electric conductor 16 may be connected to the positive terminal 131.

上記実施の形態の電池短絡素子１０では、特に言及していないが、さらに、短絡素子部材１３の表面に外部の空気への放熱を促す伝熱フィンを設けてもよい。これにより、短絡素子部材１３に伝導してきた熱を放熱することができるため、二次電池１００が過熱することを防止することができる。なお、この構成は、正極接続部材１１または負極接続部材１２とは離れた位置に設けることが好ましい。なぜなら、正極接続部材１１または負極接続部材１２の近くに伝熱フィンを設けると、二次電池１００に異常が発生したときに生じる熱を絶縁体フィルム１４に伝えることができず、電池短絡素子１０を迅速に作動させることが困難に成るからである。その一方で、伝熱フィンを正極接続部材１１もしくは負極接続部材１２とは離れた位置に設ける、または、正極接続部材１１および負極接続部材１２を短絡素子部材１３の中心に配置することにより、二次電池１００の異常による発熱を効率よく放熱することができる。   Although not particularly mentioned in the battery short-circuit element 10 of the above-described embodiment, heat transfer fins that promote heat dissipation to the outside air may be further provided on the surface of the short-circuit element member 13. Thereby, since the heat conducted to the short-circuit element member 13 can be radiated, the secondary battery 100 can be prevented from overheating. This configuration is preferably provided at a position away from the positive electrode connecting member 11 or the negative electrode connecting member 12. This is because if a heat transfer fin is provided near the positive electrode connecting member 11 or the negative electrode connecting member 12, heat generated when an abnormality occurs in the secondary battery 100 cannot be transmitted to the insulator film 14, and the battery short circuit element 10 This is because it becomes difficult to quickly operate. On the other hand, the heat transfer fin is provided at a position distant from the positive electrode connection member 11 or the negative electrode connection member 12, or the positive electrode connection member 11 and the negative electrode connection member 12 are arranged at the center of the short-circuit element member 13. Heat generated by the abnormality of the secondary battery 100 can be efficiently radiated.

本発明は、二次電池に異常が発生して電池内部の温度が過度に上昇した場合にのみ、正極端子と負極端子とを確実に短絡させることができる電池短絡素子、二次電池、および二次電池システム等として利用することができる。   The present invention provides a battery short-circuit element, a secondary battery, and a battery that can reliably short-circuit the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal only when an abnormality occurs in the secondary battery and the temperature inside the battery rises excessively. It can be used as a secondary battery system.

１０ 電池短絡素子
１１ 正極接続部材
１２ 負極接続部材
１３、１３ａ、１３ｂ、１３ｃ 短絡素子部材
１４、１４ａ、１４ｂ、１４ｃ 絶縁体フィルム
１５、１５ａ、１５ｂ、１５ｃ 第一電気伝導体
１６、１６ａ、１６ｂ、１６ｃ 第二電気伝導体
１７ 中間電気伝導体
２０ 正極側接続部分
２１ 負極側接続部分
１００ 二次電池
１０１ 発電要素
１０２ 筐体
１０３ 電極端子
１０４ 集電部材
１３１ 正極端子
１３２ 負極端子
１４１ 正極集電部材
１４２ 負極集電部材 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Battery short circuit element 11 Positive electrode connection member 12 Negative electrode connection member 13, 13a, 13b, 13c Short circuit element member 14, 14a, 14b, 14c Insulator film 15, 15a, 15b, 15c 1st electric conductor 16, 16a, 16b, 16c Second electric conductor 17 Intermediate electric conductor 20 Positive electrode side connection portion 21 Negative electrode side connection portion 100 Secondary battery 101 Power generation element 102 Case 103 Electrode terminal 104 Current collecting member 131 Positive electrode terminal 132 Negative electrode terminal 141 Positive electrode current collecting member 142 Negative electrode current collector

Claims (11)

第一電極と第二電極とを有する二次電池に接続される電池短絡素子であって、
前記第一電極側に電気的に接続され、箔状部材または板状部材から成る第一電気伝導体と、
前記第二電極側に電気的に接続され、箔状部材または板状部材から成る第二電気伝導体と、
少なくとも前記第一電気伝導体と前記第二電気伝導体とが重なり合う領域において、前記第一電気伝導体と前記第二電気伝導体との間に配置される絶縁体と
を備え、
前記第一電気伝導体は、前記絶縁体を介して前記第二電気伝導体によって挟み込まれる挟込部分を少なくとも有し、
前記絶縁体は、所定温度以上になると前記絶縁体の一部又は全部が変形することにより前記第一電気伝導体と前記第二電気伝導体とを短絡させる
電池短絡素子。 A battery short-circuit element connected to a secondary battery having a first electrode and a second electrode,
A first electrical conductor electrically connected to the first electrode side and made of a foil-like member or a plate-like member;
A second electrical conductor electrically connected to the second electrode side and comprising a foil-like member or a plate-like member;
An insulator disposed between the first electrical conductor and the second electrical conductor in a region where at least the first electrical conductor and the second electrical conductor overlap; and
The first electrical conductor has at least a sandwiched portion sandwiched by the second electrical conductor via the insulator,
The battery is a battery short-circuit element in which the first electric conductor and the second electric conductor are short-circuited by deforming a part or the whole of the insulator when the insulator reaches a predetermined temperature or higher. 前記挟込部分は、前記第一電気伝導体および前記第二電気伝導体が前記絶縁体を介して積層された状態で巻回されることにより形成される
請求項１に記載の電池短絡素子。 The battery short-circuit element according to claim 1, wherein the sandwiched portion is formed by winding the first electric conductor and the second electric conductor in a state of being stacked with the insulator interposed therebetween. 前記絶縁体は複数枚であり、
前記第二電気伝導体は複数枚であり、
前記挟込部分は、前記第一電気伝導体と前記第二電気伝導体とが前記絶縁体を介して交互に積層されることにより形成される
請求項１に記載の電池短絡素子。 The insulator is a plurality of sheets,
The second electrical conductor is a plurality of sheets,
The battery short-circuit element according to claim 1, wherein the sandwiched portion is formed by alternately stacking the first electric conductor and the second electric conductor via the insulator. 前記第一電気伝導体は複数枚であり、
前記挟込部分は、前記複数枚の第一電気伝導体と、前記複数枚の第二電気伝導体とが、前記複数枚の絶縁体を介して交互に積層されることにより形成される
請求項３に記載の電池短絡素子。 The first electrical conductor is a plurality of sheets,
The sandwiched portion is formed by alternately stacking the plurality of first electrical conductors and the plurality of second electrical conductors via the plurality of insulators. 3. The battery short-circuit element according to 3. 前記挟込部分は、前記第一電気伝導体と前記第二電気伝導体とが前記絶縁体を挟んで、蛇腹状に折りたたまれることにより形成される
請求項１に記載の電池短絡素子。 The battery short-circuit element according to claim 1, wherein the sandwiched portion is formed by folding the first electrical conductor and the second electrical conductor into a bellows shape with the insulator interposed therebetween. 前記所定温度は、前記二次電池が有するセパレータがシャットダウンする温度以下である
請求項１から５のいずれか１項に記載の電池短絡素子。 The battery short-circuit element according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the predetermined temperature is equal to or lower than a temperature at which a separator included in the secondary battery shuts down. 前記絶縁体は、前記所定温度以上になると軟化、収縮、断裂または融解することにより、前記第一電気伝導体と前記第二電気伝導体とを接触させる
請求項１から６のいずれか１項に記載の電池短絡素子。 The said insulator makes the said 1st electrical conductor and said 2nd electrical conductor contact by softening, shrinking | contracting, tearing, or fuse | melting when it becomes more than the said predetermined temperature. The battery short-circuit element described. 第一電極と第二電極とを有する二次電池に接続される電池短絡素子であって、
前記第一電極側に接続され、箔状部材または板状部材から成る第一電気伝導体と、
前記第二電極側に接続され、箔状部材または板状部材から成る第二電気伝導体と、
少なくとも前記第一電気伝導体と前記第二電気伝導体とが重なり合う領域において、前記第一電気伝導体と前記第二電気伝導体との間に配置される複数枚の絶縁体と、
前記複数枚の絶縁体の間に配置され、箔状部材または板状部材から成る中間電気伝導体と
を備え、
前記絶縁体は、所定温度以上になると前記絶縁体の一部又は全部が変形することにより前記第一電気伝導体と前記第二電気伝導体とを短絡させる
電池短絡素子。 A battery short-circuit element connected to a secondary battery having a first electrode and a second electrode,
A first electrical conductor connected to the first electrode side and comprising a foil-like member or a plate-like member;
A second electrical conductor connected to the second electrode side and comprising a foil-like member or a plate-like member;
A plurality of insulators disposed between the first electric conductor and the second electric conductor in a region where at least the first electric conductor and the second electric conductor overlap;
An intermediate electrical conductor disposed between the plurality of insulators and comprising a foil-like member or a plate-like member; and
The battery is a battery short-circuit element in which the first electric conductor and the second electric conductor are short-circuited by deforming a part or the whole of the insulator when the insulator reaches a predetermined temperature or higher. 前記第一電極は正極であり、
前記第二電極は負極であり、
前記第二電気伝導体と前記第二電極との第二距離は、前記第一電気伝導体と前記第一電極との第一距離よりも短い
請求項１から８のいずれか１項に記載の電池短絡素子。 The first electrode is a positive electrode;
The second electrode is a negative electrode;
The second distance between the second electric conductor and the second electrode is shorter than the first distance between the first electric conductor and the first electrode. Battery short circuit element. 第一電極と、
第二電極と、
請求項１から９のいずれか１項に記載の電池短絡素子とを備える
二次電池。 A first electrode;
A second electrode;
A secondary battery comprising the battery short-circuit element according to any one of claims 1 to 9. 第一電極と第二電極とを有する複数の二次電池が接続されてなる二次電池モジュールと、
請求項１から９のいずれか１項に記載の電池短絡素子とを備える
二次電池システム。 A secondary battery module in which a plurality of secondary batteries having a first electrode and a second electrode are connected;
A secondary battery system comprising the battery short-circuit element according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
JP2011131577A 2011-06-13 2011-06-13 Battery short-circuit element, secondary battery, and secondary battery system Expired - Fee Related JP5605314B2 (en)

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