JP2012140546A - Curing agent and/or curing accelerator composite particle - Google Patents

Curing agent and/or curing accelerator composite particle Download PDF

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JP2012140546A
JP2012140546A JP2011000074A JP2011000074A JP2012140546A JP 2012140546 A JP2012140546 A JP 2012140546A JP 2011000074 A JP2011000074 A JP 2011000074A JP 2011000074 A JP2011000074 A JP 2011000074A JP 2012140546 A JP2012140546 A JP 2012140546A
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curing agent
curing
curing accelerator
recess
shell
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JP5608568B2 (en
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Yasuyuki Yamada
恭幸 山田
Masashi Iwamoto
匡志 岩本
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Sekisui Chemical Co Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a curing agent and/or curing accelerator composite particle, excellent in releasability of a curing agent and/or a curing accelerator, exhibiting excellent curability when being blended in a curing resin composition, and excellent in storage stability.SOLUTION: The curing agent and/or curing accelerator composite particle is configured such that a shell formed of a polymer includes a curing agent and/or a curing accelerator. The shell has a recess on a part of the inner side of the shell. The thickness of the shell of the recess part is 1/5 to 4/5 of the shell thickness excluding the recess part. The length of the recess is 1/30 to 1/8 of (the inner diameter of the shell minus the length of the recess).

Description

本発明は、硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤の放出性に優れ、硬化性樹脂組成物に配合された場合に優れた硬化性を発揮することができ、貯蔵安定性にも優れた硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子に関する。 The present invention is excellent in the release of a curing agent and / or curing accelerator, can exhibit excellent curability when blended in a curable resin composition, and has excellent storage stability and It relates to / or curing accelerator composite particles.

エポキシ樹脂は、接着剤、シール剤、コーティング剤等の様々な用途に用いられている。一般に、エポキシ樹脂には、硬化反応を進行させるための成分として硬化剤が、また、硬化性を向上させるための成分として硬化促進剤が添加される。特に、硬化剤又は硬化促進剤とエポキシ樹脂とを安定な一液にするために、潜在性をもたせた硬化剤又は硬化促進剤が多用されている。 Epoxy resins are used in various applications such as adhesives, sealants, and coating agents. Generally, a curing agent is added to the epoxy resin as a component for causing the curing reaction to proceed, and a curing accelerator is added as a component for improving the curability. In particular, in order to make a curing agent or a curing accelerator and an epoxy resin into a stable liquid, a latent curing agent or a curing accelerator is frequently used.

例えば、特許文献1に記載の異方導電性接着剤においては、平均粒径が0.1〜3μmであり、マイクロカプセル壁材膜の厚さが0.01〜0.3μmであるマイクロカプセル化イミダゾール誘導体エポキシ化合物が用いられている。
しかしながら、このようなマイクロカプセル化イミダゾール誘導体エポキシ化合物は、イミダゾール誘導体とエポキシ化合物とを途中段階まで反応させ、反応生成物を微粉砕して得られた粉体であり、イミダゾール誘導体とエポキシ化合物との接触界面が硬化しているにすぎない。そのため、このようなマイクロカプセル化イミダゾール誘導体エポキシ化合物をエポキシ樹脂用硬化剤又は硬化促進剤として用いる場合には、時間の経過とともに硬化反応が進行しやすく、充分な貯蔵安定性が得られない。
For example, in the anisotropic conductive adhesive described in Patent Document 1, microencapsulation having an average particle diameter of 0.1 to 3 μm and a microcapsule wall material film thickness of 0.01 to 0.3 μm Imidazole derivative epoxy compounds are used.
However, such a microencapsulated imidazole derivative epoxy compound is a powder obtained by reacting an imidazole derivative and an epoxy compound up to an intermediate stage and finely pulverizing the reaction product. The contact interface is only cured. Therefore, when such a microencapsulated imidazole derivative epoxy compound is used as a curing agent or curing accelerator for an epoxy resin, the curing reaction tends to proceed with time, and sufficient storage stability cannot be obtained.

この問題を解決するために、硬化反応を進行させることなく硬化剤又は硬化促進剤をマイクロカプセル化する種々の方法が検討されている。例えば、特許文献2には、アミン化合物と、有機溶媒中に所定のポリマーからなる膜物質が溶解された疎水性溶液とを、混合して溶解し、これを乳化剤を溶解した水性媒体中に乳化分散させた後、加熱して上記有機溶媒を除去することにより、上記アミン化合物と膜物質とを相分離させて膜物質によってアミン化合物を被覆保護するマイクロカプセルの製法が記載されている。 In order to solve this problem, various methods for encapsulating a curing agent or a curing accelerator without proceeding with the curing reaction have been studied. For example, in Patent Document 2, an amine compound and a hydrophobic solution in which a film substance made of a predetermined polymer is dissolved in an organic solvent are mixed and dissolved, and this is emulsified in an aqueous medium in which an emulsifier is dissolved. A method for producing a microcapsule is described in which after the dispersion, the organic solvent is removed by heating to phase-separate the amine compound and the membrane material, and the amine compound is coated and protected by the membrane material.

しかしながら、特許文献2に記載の方法により得られるマイクロカプセルは、熱に対する応答性、即ち、加熱時の硬化剤又は硬化促進剤の放出性の点では充分ではない。従って、貯蔵時には充分に安定でありながら、硬化時には熱に対してより鋭敏に応答して硬化剤又は硬化促進剤を放出し、速やかに硬化反応を開始することのできるマイクロカプセルが求められている。 However, the microcapsules obtained by the method described in Patent Document 2 are not sufficient in terms of heat responsiveness, that is, release of the curing agent or curing accelerator during heating. Accordingly, there is a need for a microcapsule that is sufficiently stable during storage but that can respond more sensitively to heat during release to release the curing agent or curing accelerator and quickly initiate the curing reaction. .

特許第3981341号公報Japanese Patent No. 3981341 特許第3411049号公報Japanese Patent No. 3411049

本発明は、硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤の放出性に優れ、硬化性樹脂組成物に配合された場合に優れた硬化性を発揮することができ、貯蔵安定性にも優れた硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention is excellent in the release of a curing agent and / or curing accelerator, can exhibit excellent curability when blended in a curable resin composition, and has excellent storage stability and It aims at providing a hardening accelerator composite particle.

本発明は、ポリマーにより形成されるシェルに硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤を内包する硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子であって、前記シェルは、内側の一部分に凹部を有しており、前記凹部のシェル厚みは、前記凹部以外のシェル厚みの1/5〜4/5であり、前記凹部の長さは、内径から前記凹部を除いた長さの1/30〜1/8である硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子である。
以下、本発明を詳述する。
The present invention is a curing agent and / or curing accelerator composite particle in which a curing agent and / or a curing accelerator is encapsulated in a shell formed of a polymer, and the shell has a concave portion in an inner part. The shell thickness of the recess is 1/5 to 4/5 of the shell thickness other than the recess, and the length of the recess is 1/30 to 1/8 of the length excluding the recess from the inner diameter. Some curing agent and / or curing accelerator composite particles.
The present invention is described in detail below.

本発明者は、ポリマーにより形成されるシェルに硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤を内包する硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子において、シェルを、内側の一部分に特定の凹部を有するシェルとすることにより、貯蔵安定性を損なうことなく、硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤の放出性を改善することができることを見出し、本発明を完成させるに至った。 The inventor of the present invention is a hardener and / or hardener composite particle in which a hardener and / or a hardener is encapsulated in a shell formed of a polymer, and the shell is a shell having a specific recess in an inner portion. Thus, it has been found that the release of the curing agent and / or the curing accelerator can be improved without impairing the storage stability, and the present invention has been completed.

本発明の硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子は、ポリマーにより形成されるシェルに硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤を内包する硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子である。
上記ポリマーは特に限定されないが、例えば、親水性基と疎水性基とを有する熱可塑性ポリマー、水酸基を有するポリビニルアセタール樹脂、アクリロニトリルに由来するセグメントを有する共重合体等を含有することが好ましい。
The curing agent and / or curing accelerator composite particle of the present invention is a curing agent and / or curing accelerator composite particle in which a curing agent and / or a curing accelerator is encapsulated in a shell formed of a polymer.
Although the said polymer is not specifically limited, For example, it is preferable to contain the thermoplastic polymer which has a hydrophilic group and a hydrophobic group, the polyvinyl acetal resin which has a hydroxyl group, the copolymer which has a segment derived from acrylonitrile, etc.

上記親水性基と疎水性基とを有する熱可塑性ポリマーにおける親水性基として、例えば、グリシジル基、水酸基、カルボキシル基、スルホン基等が挙げられる。なかでも、グリシジル基が好ましい。また、上記親水性基と疎水性基とを有する熱可塑性ポリマーにおける疎水性基として、例えば、フェニル基、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、メタクリル基等が挙げられる。なかでも、フェニル基が好ましい。 Examples of the hydrophilic group in the thermoplastic polymer having the hydrophilic group and the hydrophobic group include a glycidyl group, a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, and a sulfone group. Of these, a glycidyl group is preferable. Moreover, examples of the hydrophobic group in the thermoplastic polymer having the hydrophilic group and the hydrophobic group include a phenyl group, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, and a methacryl group. Of these, a phenyl group is preferred.

上記親水性基と疎水性基とを有する熱可塑性ポリマーとして、具体的には、例えば、ポリスチレン誘導体、ポリメタクリル酸誘導体等が挙げられる。なかでも、ポリスチレン誘導体が好ましい。
上記ポリスチレン誘導体は、上記親水性基と上記疎水性基とを有するポリスチレン誘導体であれば特に限定されないが、例えば、上記親水性基としてグリシジル基を有し、上記疎水性基としてポリスチレン骨格に由来するフェニル基を有するポリスチレン誘導体が好ましい。
Specific examples of the thermoplastic polymer having a hydrophilic group and a hydrophobic group include polystyrene derivatives and polymethacrylic acid derivatives. Of these, polystyrene derivatives are preferred.
The polystyrene derivative is not particularly limited as long as it is a polystyrene derivative having the hydrophilic group and the hydrophobic group. For example, the polystyrene derivative has a glycidyl group as the hydrophilic group and is derived from a polystyrene skeleton as the hydrophobic group. A polystyrene derivative having a phenyl group is preferred.

上記親水性基と疎水性基とを有する熱可塑性ポリマーの重量平均分子量は特に限定されないが、好ましい下限が5000、好ましい上限が10万である。上記重量平均分子量が5000未満であると、得られる硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子の耐熱性又は耐溶剤性が低下することがある。上記重量平均分子量が10万を超えると、製造時に上記ポリマーの析出速度が速くなりすぎて、得られる硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子がモノコア構造とならなかったりアスペクト比が大きくなったりすることがある。 The weight average molecular weight of the thermoplastic polymer having the hydrophilic group and the hydrophobic group is not particularly limited, but a preferable lower limit is 5000 and a preferable upper limit is 100,000. When the weight average molecular weight is less than 5,000, the heat resistance or solvent resistance of the resulting curing agent and / or curing accelerator composite particles may be lowered. When the weight average molecular weight exceeds 100,000, the polymer deposition rate becomes too fast during production, and the resulting curing agent and / or curing accelerator composite particles do not have a mono-core structure or an increased aspect ratio. Sometimes.

上記水酸基を有するポリビニルアセタール樹脂は特に限定されないが、通常、ポリ酢酸ビニルのけん化反応により得られたポリビニルアルコールを、アルデヒドでアセタール化することにより得られる。上記アセタール化に使用するアルデヒドとして、例えば、ホルムアルデヒド、アセトアルデヒド、パラアセトアルデヒド、ブチルアルデヒド等が挙げられる。なかでも、ブチルアルデヒドが好ましい。
上記ポリマーとして上記水酸基を有するポリビニルアセタール樹脂を用いる場合には、上記水酸基を有するポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有量、アセタール化度、原料であるポリ酢酸ビニルのアセチル基に由来するアセチル基の含有量、重量平均分子量等を調整することにより、目的に合わせてシェルの物性を調整することができる。
The polyvinyl acetal resin having a hydroxyl group is not particularly limited, but it is usually obtained by acetalizing polyvinyl alcohol obtained by saponification reaction of polyvinyl acetate with aldehyde. Examples of the aldehyde used for the acetalization include formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, paraacetaldehyde, butyraldehyde and the like. Of these, butyraldehyde is preferred.
When the polyvinyl acetal resin having the hydroxyl group is used as the polymer, the hydroxyl content of the polyvinyl acetal resin having the hydroxyl group, the degree of acetalization, the content of the acetyl group derived from the acetyl group of polyvinyl acetate as a raw material By adjusting the weight average molecular weight and the like, the physical properties of the shell can be adjusted according to the purpose.

上記水酸基を有するポリビニルアセタール樹脂の重量平均分子量は特に限定されないが、好ましい下限が5000、好ましい上限が50万である。上記重量平均分子量が5000未満であると、得られる硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子の耐熱性又は耐溶剤性が低下することがある。上記重量平均分子量が50万を超えると、製造時に上記ポリマーの析出速度が速くなりすぎて、得られる硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子がモノコア構造とならなかったりアスペクト比が大きくなったりすることがある。
上記水酸基を有するポリビニルアセタール樹脂の重量平均分子量は、より好ましい下限が3万、より好ましい上限が30万である。
Although the weight average molecular weight of the said polyvinyl acetal resin which has a hydroxyl group is not specifically limited, A preferable minimum is 5000 and a preferable upper limit is 500,000. When the weight average molecular weight is less than 5,000, the heat resistance or solvent resistance of the resulting curing agent and / or curing accelerator composite particles may be lowered. If the weight average molecular weight exceeds 500,000, the polymer deposition rate becomes too fast during production, and the resulting curing agent and / or curing accelerator composite particles do not have a mono-core structure or an increased aspect ratio. Sometimes.
As for the weight average molecular weight of the said polyvinyl acetal resin which has a hydroxyl group, a more preferable minimum is 30,000 and a more preferable upper limit is 300,000.

上記水酸基を有するポリビニルアセタール樹脂の市販品として、例えば、BL−10(積水化学工業社製)、BL−2H(積水化学工業社製)、BM−S(積水化学工業社製)、BH−3(積水化学工業社製)、♯−3000K(電気化学工業社製)、MOWITAL B60T(クラレ社製)等が挙げられる。 As a commercial item of the polyvinyl acetal resin which has the said hydroxyl group, for example, BL-10 (made by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.), BL-2H (made by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.), BM-S (made by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.), BH-3 (Manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.), # -3000K (manufactured by Denki Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.), MOWITAL B60T (manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) and the like.

上記ポリマーとして上記アクリロニトリルに由来するセグメントを有する共重合体を用いる場合には、シェルのガスバリア性及び耐薬品性を向上させることができる。 When the copolymer having a segment derived from the acrylonitrile is used as the polymer, the gas barrier property and chemical resistance of the shell can be improved.

上記アクリロニトリルに由来するセグメントを有する共重合体において、上記アクリロニトリルに由来するセグメント以外の他のモノマーに由来するセグメントは、特に限定されない。
上記他のモノマーとして、例えば、ビニル基を有する化合物等のラジカル重合性モノマーが挙げられる。上記ビニル基を有する化合物は特に限定されず、例えば、グリシジルメタクリレート(GMA)、メチルメタクリレート(MMA)等のメタクリル酸エステル、アクリル酸エステル、スチレン、ジビニルベンゼン、塩化ビニリデン、ビニルアルコール、ビニルピロリドン、エチレングリコールジメタクリレート、ブタジエン等が挙げられる。なかでも、スチレン、グリシジルメタクリレート(GMA)、メチルメタクリレート(MMA)が好ましい。
In the copolymer having a segment derived from acrylonitrile, the segment derived from another monomer other than the segment derived from acrylonitrile is not particularly limited.
As said other monomer, radical polymerizable monomers, such as a compound which has a vinyl group, are mentioned, for example. The compound having a vinyl group is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include methacrylic acid esters such as glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and methyl methacrylate (MMA), acrylic acid esters, styrene, divinylbenzene, vinylidene chloride, vinyl alcohol, vinyl pyrrolidone, and ethylene. Examples include glycol dimethacrylate and butadiene. Of these, styrene, glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), and methyl methacrylate (MMA) are preferable.

上記アクリロニトリルに由来するセグメントを有する共重合体の重量平均分子量は、好ましい下限が5000、好ましい上限が10万である。上記重量平均分子量が5000未満であると、得られる硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子の耐熱性又は耐溶剤性が低下することがある。上記重量平均分子量が10万を超えると、得られる硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子は、硬化性樹脂組成物に配合された場合、加熱してもシェルが溶融又は分解せず硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤が放出されないために硬化が充分に進行しないことがある。
上記アクリロニトリルに由来するセグメントを有する共重合体の重量平均分子量は、より好ましい下限が8000、より好ましい上限が5万であり、更に好ましい下限が1万、更に好ましい上限が3万である。
As for the weight average molecular weight of the copolymer having a segment derived from acrylonitrile, a preferable lower limit is 5000 and a preferable upper limit is 100,000. When the weight average molecular weight is less than 5,000, the heat resistance or solvent resistance of the resulting curing agent and / or curing accelerator composite particles may be lowered. When the weight average molecular weight exceeds 100,000, the resulting curing agent and / or curing accelerator composite particles, when blended in the curable resin composition, do not melt or decompose the shell even when heated, and the curing agent and In some cases, curing does not proceed sufficiently because the curing accelerator is not released.
The copolymer having a segment derived from acrylonitrile has a more preferable lower limit of 8000, a more preferable upper limit of 50,000, a still more preferable lower limit of 10,000, and a further preferable upper limit of 30,000.

上記ポリマーは、更に、無機ポリマーを含有してもよい。
上記ポリマーが上記無機ポリマーを含有することで、硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子の耐溶剤性が向上し、溶剤と混合する場合であっても硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤として好適に用いられる。
The polymer may further contain an inorganic polymer.
When the polymer contains the inorganic polymer, the solvent resistance of the curing agent and / or curing accelerator composite particles is improved, and it is suitable as a curing agent and / or a curing accelerator even when mixed with a solvent. Used.

上記無機ポリマーは特に限定されないが、分子中に2個以上の炭素数1〜6のアルコキシ基を有し、かつ、Si、Al、Zr及びTiからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種の金属元素を含有する有機金属化合物の重合体が好ましい。このような有機金属化合物の重合体として、例えば、シリコーン樹脂、ポリボロシロキサン樹脂、ポリカルボシラン樹脂、ポリシラスチレン樹脂、ポリシラザン樹脂、ポリチタノカルボシラン樹脂等が挙げられる。なかでも、シリコーン樹脂が好ましく、グリシジル基を有するシリコーン樹脂がより好ましい。 The inorganic polymer is not particularly limited, and has at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of Si, Al, Zr, and Ti, having two or more alkoxy groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms in the molecule. The polymer of the organometallic compound containing is preferable. Examples of such a polymer of an organometallic compound include silicone resins, polyborosiloxane resins, polycarbosilane resins, polysilastyrene resins, polysilazane resins, and polytitanocarbosilane resins. Among these, a silicone resin is preferable, and a silicone resin having a glycidyl group is more preferable.

上記硬化剤は特に限定されず、例えば、エポキシ樹脂の硬化剤として通常用いられる硬化剤が挙げられ、具体的には、例えば、アミン、ポリアミド、酸無水物、ポリスルフィド、三フッ化ホウ素、及び、ビスフェノールA、ビスフェノールF、ビスフェノールS等のフェノール性水酸基を1分子中に2個以上有する化合物等が挙げられる。 The curing agent is not particularly limited and includes, for example, a curing agent usually used as a curing agent for an epoxy resin. Specifically, for example, amine, polyamide, acid anhydride, polysulfide, boron trifluoride, and Examples thereof include compounds having two or more phenolic hydroxyl groups in one molecule such as bisphenol A, bisphenol F, and bisphenol S.

上記硬化促進剤は特に限定されず、例えば、三級アミン化合物、リン系触媒、イミダゾール化合物等が挙げられる。なかでも、他の硬化促進剤に比べて硬化性に優れることから、イミダゾール化合物が好ましい。
上記イミダゾール化合物は特に限定されず、例えば、1,2−ジメチルイミダゾール、2−エチル−4−メチルイミダゾール、1−ベンジル−2−メチルイミダゾール、1−ベンジル−2−フェニルイミダゾール、1−シアノエチル−2−メチルイミダゾール、1−シアノエチル−2−ウンデシルイミダゾール、1−シアノエチル−2−エチル−4−メチルイミダゾール、1−ドデシル−2−メチル−3−ベンジルイミダゾリウムクロライド、及び、これらの付加体等が挙げられる。
The said hardening accelerator is not specifically limited, For example, a tertiary amine compound, a phosphorus catalyst, an imidazole compound etc. are mentioned. Especially, since it is excellent in sclerosis | hardenability compared with another hardening accelerator, an imidazole compound is preferable.
The imidazole compound is not particularly limited. For example, 1,2-dimethylimidazole, 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole, 1-benzyl-2-methylimidazole, 1-benzyl-2-phenylimidazole, 1-cyanoethyl-2 -Methylimidazole, 1-cyanoethyl-2-undecylimidazole, 1-cyanoethyl-2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole, 1-dodecyl-2-methyl-3-benzylimidazolium chloride, and adducts thereof Can be mentioned.

また、上記イミダゾール化合物として、疎水性イミダゾール化合物を用いることが好ましい。なお、本明細書中、疎水性イミダゾール化合物とは、水に最大限溶解させたときの濃度が5重量%未満であるイミダゾール化合物を意味する。
上記疎水性イミダゾール化合物は特に限定されないが、炭素数11以上の炭化水素基を有するイミダゾール化合物が好ましい。上記炭素数11以上の炭化水素基を有するイミダゾール化合物として、例えば、2−ウンデシルイミダゾール、2−ヘプタデシルイミダゾール、1−シアノエチルイミダゾール、1−シアノエチル−2−フェニルイミダゾリウムトリメリテイト、2,4−ジアミノ−6−[2’−ウンデシルイミダゾリル−(1’)−エチル−s−トリアジン]等が挙げられる。なかでも、2−ウンデシルイミダゾールが好ましい。
Moreover, it is preferable to use a hydrophobic imidazole compound as the imidazole compound. In the present specification, the hydrophobic imidazole compound means an imidazole compound having a concentration of less than 5% by weight when dissolved in water to the maximum.
Although the said hydrophobic imidazole compound is not specifically limited, The imidazole compound which has a C11 or more hydrocarbon group is preferable. Examples of the imidazole compound having a hydrocarbon group having 11 or more carbon atoms include 2-undecylimidazole, 2-heptadecylimidazole, 1-cyanoethylimidazole, 1-cyanoethyl-2-phenylimidazolium trimellitate, 2,4 -Diamino-6- [2'-undecylimidazolyl- (1 ')-ethyl-s-triazine] and the like. Of these, 2-undecylimidazole is preferable.

本発明の硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子において、上記シェルは、内側の一部分に凹部を有している。このようなシェルを有する硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子は、貯蔵安定性を損なうことなく、加熱時には上記凹部から速やかに崩壊して硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤を放出するため、硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤の放出性に優れ、硬化性樹脂組成物に配合された場合に優れた硬化性を発揮することができる。
本発明の硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子において、上記シェルは、貯蔵安定性と、硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤の放出性とを両立できる範囲内であれば、上記凹部を1つだけ有していてもよいし、2つ以上有していてもよい。ただし、加熱時の硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤の放出性がより優れることから、上記シェルは上記凹部を1つだけ有することが好ましい。
In the curing agent and / or curing accelerator composite particles of the present invention, the shell has a recess in a part of the inside. Since the curing agent and / or curing accelerator composite particles having such a shell are rapidly disintegrated from the concave portion during heating to release the curing agent and / or the curing accelerator without impairing storage stability, It is excellent in the releasability of the agent and / or curing accelerator, and can exhibit excellent curability when blended in the curable resin composition.
In the curing agent and / or curing accelerator composite particle of the present invention, the shell has one recess as long as the storage stability and the release property of the curing agent and / or curing accelerator are compatible. You may have only 2 or more. However, it is preferable that the shell has only one concave portion because the release of the curing agent and / or curing accelerator during heating is more excellent.

図1及び2に、本発明の硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子の断面図の一例を模式的に示す。図1及び2に示す硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子1は、ポリマーにより形成されたシェル2に硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤3を内包しており、シェル2は、内側の一部分に凹部4を有している。凹部4においては、シェル厚みが、凹部以外のシェル厚みより薄くなっている。
なお、図1及び2に示す硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子は、シェルが凹部を1つだけ有する場合の硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子である。
1 and 2 schematically show examples of cross-sectional views of the curing agent and / or curing accelerator composite particles of the present invention. The curing agent and / or curing accelerator composite particles 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 include a curing agent and / or a curing accelerator 3 included in a shell 2 formed of a polymer. A recess 4 is provided. In the recess 4, the shell thickness is thinner than the shell thickness other than the recess.
In addition, the hardening | curing agent and / or hardening accelerator composite particle shown to FIG. 1 and 2 is a hardening | curing agent and / or hardening accelerator composite particle in case a shell has only one recessed part.

上記凹部のシェル厚みは、上記凹部以外のシェル厚みの1/5〜4/5である。上記凹部のシェル厚みが、上記凹部以外のシェル厚みの1/5未満であると、上記凹部のシェル厚みが薄すぎて、上記凹部から上記硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤が滲み出し、硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子の貯蔵安定性が低下する。上記凹部のシェル厚みが、上記凹部以外のシェル厚みの4/5を超えると、上記凹部のシェル厚みが厚すぎて、上記硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤の放出性が低下する。
上記凹部のシェル厚みは、上記凹部以外のシェル厚みの2/5以上であることが好ましく、また、上記凹部以外のシェル厚みの3/5以下であることが好ましい。
The shell thickness of the recess is 1/5 to 4/5 of the shell thickness other than the recess. When the shell thickness of the recess is less than 1/5 of the shell thickness other than the recess, the shell thickness of the recess is too thin, and the curing agent and / or curing accelerator oozes out from the recess, and the curing agent. And / or the storage stability of a hardening accelerator composite particle falls. If the shell thickness of the concave portion exceeds 4/5 of the shell thickness other than the concave portion, the shell thickness of the concave portion is too thick, and the release property of the curing agent and / or curing accelerator decreases.
The shell thickness of the recess is preferably 2/5 or more of the shell thickness other than the recess, and preferably 3/5 or less of the shell thickness other than the recess.

なお、本明細書中、凹部のシェル厚みとは、凹部の最長径を通るように硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子を直径で切断した断面を観察した場合の、凹部の最も薄い部分のシェル厚みを意味する。また、本明細書中、シェルが凹部を2つ以上有する場合には、凹部のシェル厚みとは、該2つ以上の凹部のシェル厚みの数平均値を意味する。また、本明細書中、凹部以外のシェル厚みとは、凹部以外のシェルの平均厚みを意味する。
上記凹部のシェル厚み、及び、上記凹部以外のシェル厚みを、図2を参照して説明する。図2は、凹部の最長径を通るように本発明の硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子を直径で切断した断面図である。図2に示す硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子1において、dが凹部のシェル厚みであり、Dが凹部以外のシェル厚みである。
In addition, in this specification, the shell thickness of a recessed part is the thinnest part of a recessed part when observing the cross section which cut | disconnected the hardening | curing agent and / or hardening accelerator composite particle by the diameter so that the longest diameter of a recessed part may be passed. Means shell thickness. Moreover, in this specification, when a shell has two or more recessed parts, the shell thickness of a recessed part means the number average value of the shell thickness of these two or more recessed parts. Moreover, in this specification, shell thickness other than a recessed part means the average thickness of shells other than a recessed part.
The shell thickness of the said recessed part and shell thickness other than the said recessed part are demonstrated with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the curing agent and / or curing accelerator composite particles of the present invention cut by diameter so as to pass through the longest diameter of the recess. In the curing agent and / or curing accelerator composite particle 1 shown in FIG. 2, d is the shell thickness of the recess, and D is the shell thickness other than the recess.

上記凹部の長さは、内径から上記凹部を除いた長さの1/30〜1/8である。上記凹部の長さが、内径から上記凹部を除いた長さの1/30未満であると、上記凹部が小さすぎて、上記硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤の放出性が低下する。上記凹部の長さが、内径から上記凹部を除いた長さの1/8を超えると、上記凹部が大きすぎて、硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子の貯蔵安定性が低下したり、機械的強度が低下したりする。
上記凹部の長さは、内径から上記凹部を除いた長さの1/20以上であることが好ましく、また、内径から上記凹部を除いた長さの1/10以下であることが好ましい。
The length of the recess is 1/30 to 1/8 of the length excluding the recess from the inner diameter. When the length of the concave portion is less than 1/30 of the length obtained by removing the concave portion from the inner diameter, the concave portion is too small, and the release property of the curing agent and / or curing accelerator decreases. When the length of the concave portion exceeds 1/8 of the length excluding the concave portion from the inner diameter, the concave portion is too large, and the storage stability of the curing agent and / or curing accelerator composite particles is reduced, Mechanical strength is reduced.
The length of the recess is preferably 1/20 or more of the length excluding the recess from the inner diameter, and is preferably 1/10 or less of the length excluding the recess from the inner diameter.

なお、本明細書中、凹部の長さとは、凹部の最長径を通るように硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子を直径で切断した断面を観察した場合の、硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子の内径のうちの凹部に相当する部分の長さを意味する。また、本明細書中、シェルが凹部を2つ以上有する場合には、凹部の長さとは、該2つ以上の凹部の長さの合計を意味する。
上記凹部の長さ、及び、内径から上記凹部を除いた長さを、図2を参照して説明する。図2は、凹部の最長径を通るように本発明の硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子を直径で切断した断面図である。図2に示す硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子1において、wが凹部の長さであり、Wが内径から凹部を除いた長さである。
In this specification, the length of the recess means the curing agent and / or the acceleration of curing when the cross section of the curing agent and / or the curing accelerator composite particle cut through the diameter so as to pass through the longest diameter of the recess. It means the length of the portion corresponding to the recess in the inner diameter of the agent composite particles. Moreover, in this specification, when a shell has two or more recessed parts, the length of a recessed part means the sum total of the length of these two or more recessed parts.
The length of the said recessed part and the length remove | excluding the said recessed part from the internal diameter are demonstrated with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the curing agent and / or curing accelerator composite particles of the present invention cut by diameter so as to pass through the longest diameter of the recess. In the curing agent and / or curing accelerator composite particle 1 shown in FIG. 2, w is the length of the recess, and W is the length obtained by removing the recess from the inner diameter.

本発明の硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子において、上記硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤の内包率は特に限定されないが、好ましい下限が20重量%、好ましい上限が50重量%である。上記内包率が20重量%未満であると、硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子の凹部及び凹部以外のシェル厚みが増大し、上記硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤の放出性が低下することがある。上記内包率が50重量%を超えると、硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子の凹部及び凹部以外のシェル厚みが低下し、貯蔵安定性が低下することがある。
上記硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤の内包率のより好ましい下限は30重量%、より好ましい上限は40重量%である。
なお、本発明の硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子において、凹部以外のシェル厚みは特に限定されないが、好ましい下限が0.05μm、好ましい上限が1.0μmであり、より好ましい下限が0.1μm、より好ましい上限が0.5μmである。
In the curing agent and / or curing accelerator composite particles of the present invention, the encapsulation rate of the curing agent and / or curing accelerator is not particularly limited, but a preferred lower limit is 20% by weight and a preferred upper limit is 50% by weight. When the inclusion ratio is less than 20% by weight, the concave portions of the curing agent and / or curing accelerator composite particles and the shell thickness other than the concave portions increase, and the release properties of the curing agent and / or the curing accelerator decrease. There is. If the encapsulation rate exceeds 50% by weight, the concave portions of the curing agent and / or curing accelerator composite particles and the shell thickness other than the concave portions may be lowered, and the storage stability may be lowered.
The minimum with a more preferable inclusion rate of the said hardening | curing agent and / or hardening accelerator is 30 weight%, and a more preferable upper limit is 40 weight%.
In the curing agent and / or curing accelerator composite particle of the present invention, the thickness of the shell other than the concave portion is not particularly limited, but a preferable lower limit is 0.05 μm, a preferable upper limit is 1.0 μm, and a more preferable lower limit is 0.00. 1 μm, and a more preferable upper limit is 0.5 μm.

更に、上記硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤の内包率が上記範囲を外れると、製造時の上記ポリマーと上記硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤との配合比が大きく変化することから、得られる硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子がモノコア構造とならなかったりアスペクト比が大きくなったりすることがある。 Furthermore, if the encapsulation rate of the curing agent and / or curing accelerator is out of the above range, the blending ratio of the polymer and the curing agent and / or curing accelerator at the time of production greatly changes, so that the resulting curing is obtained. The agent and / or curing accelerator composite particles may not have a mono-core structure or the aspect ratio may increase.

なお、本明細書中、硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤の内包率とは、硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子全体の重量に対する硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤の重量の占める割合を意味し、所定量の硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子の乾燥粉末を秤量し、アルミカップに乗せ、真空乾燥機を用いて110℃で5時間乾燥した後、乾燥後の硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子を計量したとき、下記式(1)により算出される値を意味する。
内包率(重量%)=[{(乾燥前の重量)−(乾燥後の重量)}/(乾燥前の重量)]×100 (1)
In the present specification, the inclusion rate of the curing agent and / or curing accelerator means the ratio of the weight of the curing agent and / or curing accelerator to the total weight of the curing agent and / or curing accelerator composite particles. Then, a predetermined amount of the curing agent and / or curing accelerator composite particle dry powder is weighed, placed on an aluminum cup, dried at 110 ° C. for 5 hours using a vacuum dryer, and then the dried curing agent and / or When the curing accelerator composite particles are weighed, it means a value calculated by the following formula (1).
Inclusion rate (% by weight) = [{(weight before drying) − (weight after drying)} / (weight before drying)] × 100 (1)

本発明の硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子において、平均粒子径は特に限定されないが、好ましい下限が0.5μm、好ましい上限が5.0μmである。上記平均粒子径が0.5μm未満であると、上記範囲の内包率を維持しようとすると、硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子の凹部及び凹部以外のシェル厚みが低下し、貯蔵安定性が低下することがある。上記平均粒子径が5.0μmを超えると、硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子を硬化性樹脂組成物に配合した場合に、加熱により上記硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤が放出された後、大きなボイドが生じて硬化物の信頼性が低下することがある。
上記平均粒子径のより好ましい上限は3.0μmである。
In the curing agent and / or curing accelerator composite particles of the present invention, the average particle diameter is not particularly limited, but a preferred lower limit is 0.5 μm and a preferred upper limit is 5.0 μm. When the average particle diameter is less than 0.5 μm, when trying to maintain the inclusion rate in the above range, the thickness of the shell other than the concave portions and the concave portions of the curing agent and / or curing accelerator composite particles is lowered, and the storage stability is improved. May decrease. When the average particle diameter exceeds 5.0 μm, after the curing agent and / or curing accelerator composite particles are blended in the curable resin composition, the curing agent and / or the curing accelerator is released by heating. In some cases, large voids are generated and the reliability of the cured product is lowered.
A more preferable upper limit of the average particle diameter is 3.0 μm.

本発明の硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子において、アスペクト比は特に限定されないが、好ましい上限が1.1である。上記アスペクト比が1.1を超えると、硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子の貯蔵安定性が低下したり、硬化性樹脂組成物に配合された場合に硬化が不均一となって硬化物の信頼性が低下したりすることがある。
上記アスペクト比のより好ましい上限は1.05である。
In the curing agent and / or curing accelerator composite particle of the present invention, the aspect ratio is not particularly limited, but a preferable upper limit is 1.1. When the aspect ratio exceeds 1.1, the storage stability of the curing agent and / or curing accelerator composite particles is reduced, or the cured product becomes non-uniform when blended in the curable resin composition. Reliability may be reduced.
A more preferable upper limit of the aspect ratio is 1.05.

本発明の硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子において、粒子径のCV値は特に限定されないが、好ましい上限が50%である。上記粒子径のCV値が50%を超えると、硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子の貯蔵安定性が低下したり、硬化性樹脂組成物に配合された場合に硬化が不均一となって硬化物の信頼性が低下したりすることがある。
上記粒子径のCV値のより好ましい上限は30%である。
In the curing agent and / or curing accelerator composite particle of the present invention, the CV value of the particle diameter is not particularly limited, but a preferable upper limit is 50%. When the CV value of the particle diameter exceeds 50%, the storage stability of the curing agent and / or curing accelerator composite particles is reduced, or the curing becomes uneven when blended in the curable resin composition. The reliability of the cured product may decrease.
A more preferable upper limit of the CV value of the particle diameter is 30%.

なお、本明細書中、硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子の平均粒子径、アスペクト比及び粒子径のCV値は、以下のようにして求めた値を意味する。
硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子を、走査型電子顕微鏡を用いて1視野に約100個の粒子が観察できる倍率で観察し、任意に選択した50個の粒子の外径の最長径及び最短径を、ノギスを用いて測定する。最長径を粒子径とし、粒子径の数平均値を求め、これを平均粒子径とし、最短径に対する最長径の比(最長径/最短径)の数平均値を求め、これをアスペクト比とする。なお、アスペクト比は、1に近くなるほど真球状に近いことを意味する。また、粒子径のCV値は、下記式(2)で表される。
CV値(%)=(粒子径の標準偏差σ/平均粒子径Dn)×100 (2)
In the present specification, the average particle size, aspect ratio, and CV value of the particle size of the curing agent and / or curing accelerator composite particle mean values obtained as follows.
The curing agent and / or curing accelerator composite particles are observed at a magnification at which about 100 particles can be observed in one field of view using a scanning electron microscope, and the longest outer diameter of 50 particles selected arbitrarily and The shortest diameter is measured using calipers. Using the longest diameter as the particle diameter, the number average value of the particle diameters is obtained, and this is used as the average particle diameter. The number average value of the ratio of the longest diameter to the shortest diameter (longest diameter / shortest diameter) is obtained, and this is used as the aspect ratio. . The aspect ratio means that the closer to 1, the closer to a true sphere. Further, the CV value of the particle diameter is represented by the following formula (2).
CV value (%) = (standard deviation σ of particle diameter / average particle diameter Dn) × 100 (2)

本発明の硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子の製造方法として、例えば、上記ポリマーと、上記ポリマーを溶解する溶媒1と、上記硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤と、上記硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤を溶解する溶媒2とを混合して混合溶液を調製する工程と、上記混合溶液と水性媒体とを乳化させる工程と、加熱を行い上記水性媒体中で上記溶媒1及び上記溶媒2を除去する工程とを有し、上記溶媒1の沸点は上記溶媒2の沸点より低く、かつ、上記溶媒1及び上記溶媒2の沸点は水の沸点より低いという条件を満たす方法(本明細書中、方法1ともいう)が挙げられる。 As a manufacturing method of the hardening | curing agent and / or hardening accelerator composite particle | grains of this invention, the said polymer, the solvent 1 which melt | dissolves the said polymer, the said hardening | curing agent and / or hardening accelerator, the said hardening | curing agent and / or, for example. The step of preparing a mixed solution by mixing the solvent 2 for dissolving the curing accelerator, the step of emulsifying the mixed solution and the aqueous medium, the heating and the solvent 1 and the solvent 2 in the aqueous medium by heating. A step of removing the solvent, wherein the boiling point of the solvent 1 is lower than the boiling point of the solvent 2 and the boiling points of the solvent 1 and the solvent 2 are lower than the boiling point of water (in this specification, (Also referred to as Method 1).

上記方法1によれば、上記ポリマーを含有する相と上記硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤を含有する相とを相分離させながら溶媒を除去し、上記ポリマーにより形成されたシェルに上記硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤を内包する硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子を製造することができる。
上記方法1においては、上記ポリマーとして特に上述したような親水性基と疎水性基とを有する熱可塑性ポリマー、水酸基を有するポリビニルアセタール樹脂、アクリロニトリルに由来するセグメントを有する共重合体等を含有するポリマーを用いることにより、内側の一部分に凹部を有するシェルをより形成しやすくなる。これは、これらのポリマーは親水性基と疎水性基とを同一分子上に有するため、上記ポリマーを含有する相と上記硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤を含有する相との相分離が生じた際に選択的に粒子の外側へ移行しやすく、また、内包される硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤とも水性媒体とも親和性が良好であるためである。
According to Method 1, the solvent is removed while phase-separating the phase containing the polymer and the phase containing the curing agent and / or the curing accelerator, and the curing agent and the shell formed by the polymer are removed. It is possible to produce a curing agent and / or a curing accelerator composite particle that encapsulates a curing accelerator.
In the method 1, a polymer containing a thermoplastic polymer having a hydrophilic group and a hydrophobic group as described above as the polymer, a polyvinyl acetal resin having a hydroxyl group, a copolymer having a segment derived from acrylonitrile, etc. By using, it becomes easier to form a shell having a recess in a part of the inside. This is because these polymers have a hydrophilic group and a hydrophobic group on the same molecule, resulting in phase separation between the phase containing the polymer and the phase containing the curing agent and / or curing accelerator. This is because it tends to selectively migrate to the outside of the particles, and the affinity for the encapsulated curing agent and / or curing accelerator and aqueous medium is good.

上記方法1によって内側の一部分に凹部を有するシェルが形成される理由としては、加熱を行い水性媒体中で溶媒を除去するときに、まず、上記溶媒1の大半が除去されて、上記硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤を含有する相を内包するように上記ポリマーの大半が析出し、次いで、上記硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤を残してコアから上記溶媒2の大半が除去され、最終的にコアから全ての溶媒が除去されるときには、析出した上記ポリマーの一部分、即ち、凹部となる一部分から除去されていくためであると推測される。 The reason why the shell having a recess in the inner part is formed by the method 1 is that when the solvent is removed in the aqueous medium by heating, first, most of the solvent 1 is removed, and the curing agent and And / or most of the polymer precipitates to encapsulate the phase containing the curing accelerator, and then most of the solvent 2 is removed from the core leaving the curing agent and / or curing accelerator, and finally It is presumed that when all the solvent is removed from the core, it is removed from a portion of the polymer that has precipitated, that is, a portion that becomes a recess.

上記方法1においては、上記溶媒1と上記溶媒2との組み合わせとして、上記溶媒1と上記溶媒2と水とが共沸する組み合せが好ましい。
上記溶媒1と上記溶媒2と水とが共沸することにより、加熱を行い水性媒体中で溶媒を除去するときには、まず、上記溶媒1の大半が除去され、次いで、上記溶媒2の大半が除去された後、上記溶媒1と上記溶媒2と水性媒体を構成する水との共沸混合物が除去されることとなる。溶媒除去の最終段階で上記溶媒1と上記溶媒2と水性媒体を構成する水との共沸混合物がコアから除去されることにより、内側の一部分に凹部を有するシェルをより形成しやすくなる。
In Method 1, the combination of the solvent 1 and the solvent 2 is preferably a combination in which the solvent 1, the solvent 2 and water are azeotroped.
When the solvent 1, the solvent 2, and water are azeotroped to heat and remove the solvent in the aqueous medium, most of the solvent 1 is removed first, and then most of the solvent 2 is removed. After that, the azeotrope of the solvent 1, the solvent 2, and water constituting the aqueous medium is removed. By removing the azeotropic mixture of the solvent 1, the solvent 2, and the water constituting the aqueous medium from the core at the final stage of the solvent removal, it becomes easier to form a shell having a recess in a part of the inside.

上記加熱の条件は特に限定されないが、30〜70℃に加熱することが好ましい。
また、上記溶媒1及び上記溶媒2を除去する工程では、より低温かつ短時間で溶媒を除去でき、内側の一部分に凹部を有するシェルをより形成しやすくなることから、加熱に加えて減圧を行うことが好ましい。上記減圧の条件は特に限定されないが、0.095〜0.080MPaの圧力となるよう設定することが好ましい。
The heating conditions are not particularly limited, but it is preferable to heat to 30 to 70 ° C.
Further, in the step of removing the solvent 1 and the solvent 2, the solvent can be removed at a lower temperature and in a shorter time, and a shell having a recess in the inner part is more easily formed. It is preferable. The decompression conditions are not particularly limited, but are preferably set so that the pressure is 0.095 to 0.080 MPa.

上記加熱の条件及び上記減圧の条件を調整することにより、硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子における凹部のシェル厚み及び凹部の長さを、上述した範囲に調整することができる。 By adjusting the heating condition and the decompression condition, the shell thickness of the concave portion and the length of the concave portion in the curing agent and / or curing accelerator composite particles can be adjusted to the above-described ranges.

本発明によれば、硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤の放出性に優れ、硬化性樹脂組成物に配合された場合に優れた硬化性を発揮することができ、貯蔵安定性にも優れた硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子を提供することができる。 According to the present invention, the curing agent and / or curing accelerator is excellent in releasing properties, can exhibit excellent curability when blended in a curable resin composition, and has excellent storage stability. Agent and / or cure accelerator composite particles can be provided.

図1は、本発明の硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子の一例を模式的に示した断面図である。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an example of the curing agent and / or curing accelerator composite particles of the present invention. 図2は、本発明の硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子の一例を模式的に示した断面図である。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an example of the curing agent and / or curing accelerator composite particles of the present invention.

以下に実施例を掲げて本発明の態様を更に詳しく説明するが、本発明はこれら実施例のみに限定されない。 Examples of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

(実施例1)
(1.硬化促進剤複合粒子の製造)
溶媒1として酢酸エチル(沸点77.1℃)を、溶媒2として2−プロパノール(IPA、沸点82.5℃)を用いた。なお、水の沸点は100℃である。
シェルを形成するポリマーとしてエポキシ基含有スチレン系ポリマー(商品名マープルーフG−0130S−P、日油社製)6.0重量部と、疎水性イミダゾール化合物として2−ウンデシルイミダゾール3.2重量部とを、酢酸エチルと2−プロパノールとの混合溶媒(酢酸エチル:2−プロパノール=3:2)170重量部に溶解させて、混合溶液を得た。この混合溶液に、乳化剤としてポリオキシエチレンラウリルエーテル2重量%を含有する水1000重量部を滴下して、ホモジナイザーを用いて3000rpmで攪拌して乳化分散させた。その後、得られた分散液を減圧装置付反応器で50℃加熱しながら0.095〜0.090MPaとなるように減圧して、溶媒を除去することにより、硬化促進剤複合粒子分散液を得た。得られた硬化促進剤複合粒子分散液中の硬化促進剤複合粒子を、純水を用いて繰り返して洗浄した後、真空乾燥した。
Example 1
(1. Production of curing accelerator composite particles)
Ethyl acetate (boiling point 77.1 ° C.) was used as solvent 1 and 2-propanol (IPA, boiling point 82.5 ° C.) was used as solvent 2. The boiling point of water is 100 ° C.
6.0 parts by weight of an epoxy group-containing styrenic polymer (trade name Marproof G-0130S-P, manufactured by NOF Corporation) as a polymer that forms a shell, and 3.2 parts by weight of 2-undecylimidazole as a hydrophobic imidazole compound Were dissolved in 170 parts by weight of a mixed solvent of ethyl acetate and 2-propanol (ethyl acetate: 2-propanol = 3: 2) to obtain a mixed solution. To this mixed solution, 1000 parts by weight of water containing 2% by weight of polyoxyethylene lauryl ether as an emulsifier was dropped, and the mixture was emulsified and dispersed by stirring at 3000 rpm using a homogenizer. Thereafter, the obtained dispersion is decompressed to 0.095 to 0.090 MPa while being heated at 50 ° C. in a reactor with a decompression device, and the solvent is removed to obtain a curing accelerator composite particle dispersion. It was. The curing accelerator composite particles in the obtained curing accelerator composite particle dispersion were repeatedly washed with pure water and then vacuum dried.

(2.凹部形状の測定)
硬化促進剤複合粒子を、走査型電子顕微鏡を用いて1視野に約20個の粒子が観察できる倍率で数視野観察し、任意に選択した50個の硬化促進剤複合粒子について、凹部の最長径を通るように硬化促進剤複合粒子を直径で切断した断面を観察した。
硬化促進剤複合粒子の凹部のシェル厚みd、凹部以外のシェル厚みD、凹部の長さw、及び、内径から凹部を除いた長さWを、撮影した電子顕微鏡写真から画像解析により測定した。凹部以外のシェル厚みDに対する凹部のシェル厚みd(d/D)、内径から凹部を除いた長さWに対する凹部の長さw(w/W)を表1に示した。なお、それぞれの値は、50個の硬化促進剤複合粒子の数平均値とした。
(2. Measurement of concave shape)
Using a scanning electron microscope, the curing accelerator composite particles are observed with several fields of view at a magnification at which about 20 particles can be observed in one field of view. About 50 arbitrarily selected curing accelerator composite particles, the longest diameter of the recess A cross section of the curing accelerator composite particles cut by diameter so as to pass through was observed.
The shell thickness d of the recesses of the curing accelerator composite particles, the shell thickness D other than the recesses, the length w of the recesses, and the length W obtained by removing the recesses from the inner diameter were measured from the photographed electron micrographs by image analysis. Table 1 shows the shell thickness d (d / D) of the recess with respect to the shell thickness D other than the recess, and the length w (w / W) of the recess with respect to the length W obtained by removing the recess from the inner diameter. In addition, each value was made into the number average value of 50 hardening accelerator composite particles.

(実施例2)
エポキシ基含有スチレン系ポリマー6.0重量部の代わりに、エポキシ基含有スチレン系ポリマー(商品名マープルーフG−0130S−P、日油社製)4.5重量部、及び、エポキシ基含有シリコーンアルコキシオリゴマー(X−41−1053、信越化学工業社製)1.5重量部を用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、硬化促進剤複合粒子を作製し、d/D及びw/Wの値を求めた。
(Example 2)
Instead of 6.0 parts by weight of the epoxy group-containing styrene polymer, 4.5 parts by weight of the epoxy group-containing styrene polymer (trade name Marproof G-0130S-P, manufactured by NOF Corporation) and the epoxy group-containing silicone alkoxy A curing accelerator composite particle was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 1.5 parts by weight of an oligomer (X-41-1053, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) was used, and d / D and w / W The value was determined.

(実施例3)
エポキシ基含有スチレン系ポリマー6.0重量部の代わりに、エポキシ基含有スチレン系ポリマー(商品名マープルーフG−1005SA、日油社製)6.0重量部を用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、硬化促進剤複合粒子を作製し、d/D及びw/Wの値を求めた。
(Example 3)
Example 1 except that 6.0 parts by weight of epoxy group-containing styrene polymer (trade name Marproof G-1005SA, manufactured by NOF Corporation) was used instead of 6.0 parts by weight of epoxy group-containing styrene polymer. Similarly, curing accelerator composite particles were prepared, and the values of d / D and w / W were determined.

(実施例4)
エポキシ基含有スチレン系ポリマー6.0重量部の代わりに、PVB(商品名BL−10、ポリビニルブチラール、積水化学工業社製)5.0重量部を用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、硬化促進剤複合粒子を作製し、d/D及びw/Wの値を求めた。
Example 4
Example 1 was used except that 5.0 parts by weight of PVB (trade name BL-10, polyvinyl butyral, manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.) was used instead of 6.0 parts by weight of the epoxy group-containing styrene polymer. Then, curing accelerator composite particles were prepared, and the values of d / D and w / W were determined.

(実施例5)
エポキシ基含有スチレン系ポリマー6.0重量部の代わりに、ポリスチレン(和光純薬工業社製)6.0重量部を用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、硬化促進剤複合粒子を作製し、d/D及びw/Wの値を求めた。
(Example 5)
A curing accelerator composite particle was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 6.0 parts by weight of polystyrene (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was used instead of 6.0 parts by weight of the epoxy group-containing styrene polymer. Then, d / D and w / W values were obtained.

(実施例6)
エポキシ基含有スチレン系ポリマー6.0重量部の代わりに、ポリスチレン(和光純薬工業社製)4.5重量部、及び、エポキシ基含有シリコーンアルコキシオリゴマー(X−41−1053、信越化学工業社製)1.5重量部を用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、硬化促進剤複合粒子を作製し、d/D及びw/Wの値を求めた。
(Example 6)
Instead of 6.0 parts by weight of the epoxy group-containing styrene polymer, 4.5 parts by weight of polystyrene (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) and an epoxy group-containing silicone alkoxy oligomer (X-41-1053, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) ) Curing accelerator composite particles were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 1.5 parts by weight were used, and the values of d / D and w / W were determined.

(実施例7)
溶媒1としてシクロヘキサン(沸点80.7℃)を、溶媒2として2−プロパノール(IPA、沸点82.5℃)を用いた。
酢酸エチルと2−プロパノールとの混合溶媒(酢酸エチル:2−プロパノール=3:2)170重量部の代わりにシクロヘキサンと2−プロパノールとの混合溶媒(シクロヘキサン:2−プロパノール=4:1)170重量部を用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、硬化促進剤複合粒子を作製し、d/D及びw/Wの値を求めた。
(Example 7)
Cyclohexane (boiling point 80.7 ° C.) was used as the solvent 1, and 2-propanol (IPA, boiling point 82.5 ° C.) was used as the solvent 2.
170 weight parts of a mixed solvent of cyclohexane and 2-propanol (cyclohexane: 2-propanol = 4: 1) instead of 170 weight parts of a mixed solvent of ethyl acetate and 2-propanol (ethyl acetate: 2-propanol = 3: 2) Except that the part was used, the curing accelerator composite particles were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and the values of d / D and w / W were determined.

(実施例8)
溶媒1として酢酸エチル(沸点77.1℃)を、溶媒2としてエタノール(沸点78.5℃)を用いた。
酢酸エチルと2−プロパノールとの混合溶媒(酢酸エチル:2−プロパノール=3:2)170重量部の代わりに酢酸エチルとエタノールとの混合溶媒(酢酸エチル:エタノール=3:2)170重量部を用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、硬化促進剤複合粒子を作製し、d/D及びw/Wの値を求めた。
(Example 8)
Ethyl acetate (boiling point 77.1 ° C.) was used as the solvent 1, and ethanol (boiling point 78.5 ° C.) was used as the solvent 2.
Instead of 170 parts by weight of a mixed solvent of ethyl acetate and 2-propanol (ethyl acetate: 2-propanol = 3: 2), 170 parts by weight of a mixed solvent of ethyl acetate and ethanol (ethyl acetate: ethanol = 3: 2) was added. Except having used, it carried out similarly to Example 1, and produced the hardening accelerator composite particle, and calculated | required the value of d / D and w / W.

(実施例9)
減圧条件を0.090〜0.085MPaに変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、硬化促進剤複合粒子を作製し、d/D及びw/Wの値を求めた。
Example 9
Except having changed pressure reduction conditions into 0.090-0.085 MPa, it carried out similarly to Example 1, and produced the hardening accelerator composite particle, and calculated | required the value of d / D and w / W.

(実施例10)
減圧条件を0.085〜0.080MPaに変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、硬化促進剤複合粒子を作製し、d/D及びw/Wの値を求めた。
(Example 10)
Except having changed pressure reduction conditions into 0.085-0.080 MPa, it carried out similarly to Example 1, and produced the hardening accelerator composite particle, and calculated | required the value of d / D and w / W.

(実施例11)
加熱条件を60℃に変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、硬化促進剤複合粒子を作製し、d/D及びw/Wの値を求めた。
(Example 11)
Except that the heating condition was changed to 60 ° C., the curing accelerator composite particles were produced in the same manner as in Example 1, and the values of d / D and w / W were determined.

(実施例12)
加熱条件を40℃に変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、硬化促進剤複合粒子を作製し、d/D及びw/Wの値を求めた。
(Example 12)
Except that the heating conditions were changed to 40 ° C., curing accelerator composite particles were produced in the same manner as in Example 1, and the values of d / D and w / W were determined.

(比較例1)
溶媒1としてトルエン(沸点110.6℃)を、溶媒2として2−プロパノール(IPA、沸点82.5℃)を用いた。
酢酸エチルと2−プロパノールとの混合溶媒(酢酸エチル:2−プロパノール=3:2)170重量部の代わりにトルエンと2−プロパノールとの混合溶媒(トルエン:2−プロパノール=3:2)170重量部を用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、硬化促進剤複合粒子を作製し、d/D及びw/Wの値を求めた。
(Comparative Example 1)
Toluene (boiling point 110.6 ° C.) was used as solvent 1, and 2-propanol (IPA, boiling point 82.5 ° C.) was used as solvent 2.
170 weight parts of a mixed solvent of toluene and 2-propanol (toluene: 2-propanol = 3: 2) instead of 170 weight parts of a mixed solvent of ethyl acetate and 2-propanol (ethyl acetate: 2-propanol = 3: 2) Except that the part was used, the curing accelerator composite particles were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and the values of d / D and w / W were determined.

(比較例2)
溶媒1として酢酸エチル(沸点77.1℃)を、溶媒2としてメタノール(沸点64.7℃)を用いた。
酢酸エチルと2−プロパノールとの混合溶媒(酢酸エチル:2−プロパノール=3:2)170重量部の代わりに酢酸エチルとメタノールとの混合溶媒(酢酸エチル:メタノール=3:2)170重量部を用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、硬化促進剤複合粒子を作製し、d/D及びw/Wの値を求めた。なお、凹部の形成が不充分であったため、w/Wの値は測定できなかった。
(Comparative Example 2)
Ethyl acetate (boiling point 77.1 ° C.) was used as solvent 1 and methanol (boiling point 64.7 ° C.) was used as solvent 2.
Instead of 170 parts by weight of a mixed solvent of ethyl acetate and 2-propanol (ethyl acetate: 2-propanol = 3: 2), 170 parts by weight of a mixed solvent of ethyl acetate and methanol (ethyl acetate: methanol = 3: 2) was added. Except having used, it carried out similarly to Example 1, and produced the hardening accelerator composite particle, and calculated | required the value of d / D and w / W. In addition, since the formation of the concave portion was insufficient, the value of w / W could not be measured.

(比較例3)
加熱条件を70℃に変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、硬化促進剤複合粒子を作製し、d/D及びw/Wの値を求めた。
(Comparative Example 3)
Except that the heating condition was changed to 70 ° C., curing accelerator composite particles were produced in the same manner as in Example 1, and the values of d / D and w / W were determined.

(比較例4)
加熱条件を35℃に変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、硬化促進剤複合粒子を作製し、d/D及びw/Wの値を求めた。
(Comparative Example 4)
Except that the heating condition was changed to 35 ° C., the curing accelerator composite particles were produced in the same manner as in Example 1, and the values of d / D and w / W were determined.

(比較例5)
減圧を行わなかったこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、硬化促進剤複合粒子を作製し、d/D及びw/Wの値を求めた。なお、凹部の形成が不充分であったため、w/Wの値は測定できなかった。
(Comparative Example 5)
Except not having performed pressure reduction, it carried out similarly to Example 1, and produced the hardening accelerator composite particle, and calculated | required the value of d / D and w / W. In addition, since the formation of the concave portion was insufficient, the value of w / W could not be measured.

(比較例6)
減圧条件を0.080〜0.075MPaに変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、硬化促進剤複合粒子を作製し、d/D及びw/Wの値を求めた。
(Comparative Example 6)
Except having changed pressure reduction conditions into 0.080-0.075 MPa, it carried out similarly to Example 1, and produced the hardening accelerator composite particle, and calculated | required the value of d / D and w / W.

<評価>
実施例及び比較例で得られた硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子について以下の評価を行った。結果を表1に示した。
<Evaluation>
The following evaluation was performed about the hardening | curing agent and / or hardening accelerator composite particle obtained by the Example and the comparative example. The results are shown in Table 1.

(1)貯蔵安定性(ゲル分率の測定)
エポキシ樹脂(YL980、jER社製)0.58重量部及び酸無水物硬化剤(YH309、jER社製)0.29重量部中に、硬化促進剤複合粒子を0.13重量部添加して、公転自転撹拌機で撹拌した後、得られたエポキシ樹脂組成物を50μmの厚さに塗布して樹脂フィルムを得た。得られた樹脂フィルムを40℃で3日間放置した後、酢酸エチル中で24時間以上浸漬、振とうさせた。浸漬後の樹脂フィルムを取り出し、酢酸エチル浸漬前後の樹脂フィルムの重量を測定することで、ゲル分率測定を行った。
なお、本明細書中、ゲル分率とは、酢酸エチル浸漬後に乾燥させた樹脂フィルム重量を酢酸エチル浸漬前の樹脂フィルム重量で割ることにより得られる値を意味する。
(1) Storage stability (measurement of gel fraction)
In 0.58 parts by weight of an epoxy resin (YL980, manufactured by jER) and 0.29 parts by weight of an acid anhydride curing agent (YH309, manufactured by jER), 0.13 parts by weight of the curing accelerator composite particles were added, After stirring with a revolutionary rotating agitator, the obtained epoxy resin composition was applied to a thickness of 50 μm to obtain a resin film. The obtained resin film was allowed to stand at 40 ° C. for 3 days, and then immersed and shaken in ethyl acetate for 24 hours or more. The resin film after immersion was taken out, and the gel fraction was measured by measuring the weight of the resin film before and after immersion in ethyl acetate.
In the present specification, the gel fraction means a value obtained by dividing the weight of the resin film dried after immersion in ethyl acetate by the weight of the resin film before immersion in ethyl acetate.

(2)速硬化性(硬化速度の測定)
エポキシ樹脂(YL980、jER社製)0.58重量部及び酸無水物硬化剤(YH309、jER社製)0.29重量部中に、硬化促進剤複合粒子を0.13重量部添加して、公転自転撹拌機で撹拌した後、得られたエポキシ樹脂組成物を180℃に熱したホットプレート上に置いたスライドガラスの上に滴下して、エポキシ樹脂組成物が硬化するまでの時間を測定した。
(2) Fast curability (Measurement of cure speed)
In 0.58 parts by weight of an epoxy resin (YL980, manufactured by jER) and 0.29 parts by weight of an acid anhydride curing agent (YH309, manufactured by jER), 0.13 parts by weight of the curing accelerator composite particles were added, After stirring with a revolutionary rotating stirrer, the obtained epoxy resin composition was dropped on a slide glass placed on a hot plate heated to 180 ° C., and the time until the epoxy resin composition was cured was measured. .

Figure 2012140546
Figure 2012140546

本発明によれば、硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤の放出性に優れ、硬化性樹脂組成物に配合された場合に優れた硬化性を発揮することができ、貯蔵安定性にも優れた硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子を提供することができる。 According to the present invention, the curing agent and / or curing accelerator is excellent in releasing properties, can exhibit excellent curability when blended in a curable resin composition, and has excellent storage stability. Agent and / or cure accelerator composite particles can be provided.

1 硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子
2 シェル
3 硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤
4 凹部
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hardener and / or hardening accelerator composite particle 2 Shell 3 Hardener and / or hardening accelerator 4 Recessed part

Claims (2)

ポリマーにより形成されるシェルに硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤を内包する硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子であって、
前記シェルは、内側の一部分に凹部を有しており、
前記凹部のシェル厚みは、前記凹部以外のシェル厚みの1/5〜4/5であり、
前記凹部の長さは、内径から前記凹部を除いた長さの1/30〜1/8である
ことを特徴とする硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子。
A curing agent and / or curing accelerator composite particle in which a curing agent and / or a curing accelerator is encapsulated in a shell formed of a polymer,
The shell has a recess in a part on the inside;
The shell thickness of the recess is 1/5 to 4/5 of the shell thickness other than the recess,
The length of the recess is 1/30 to 1/8 of the length obtained by removing the recess from the inner diameter.
ポリマーは、親水性基と疎水性基とを有する熱可塑性ポリマー、水酸基を有するポリビニルアセタール樹脂、又は、アクリロニトリルに由来するセグメントを有する共重合体を含有し、かつ、硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤は、疎水性イミダゾール化合物であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の硬化剤及び/又は硬化促進剤複合粒子。 The polymer contains a thermoplastic polymer having a hydrophilic group and a hydrophobic group, a polyvinyl acetal resin having a hydroxyl group, or a copolymer having a segment derived from acrylonitrile, and a curing agent and / or a curing accelerator. Is a hydrophobic imidazole compound, and the curing agent and / or curing accelerator composite particles according to claim 1.
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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH05247179A (en) * 1992-03-06 1993-09-24 Matsumoto Yushi Seiyaku Co Ltd Microcapsule for epoxy resin curing agent
JP2000351830A (en) * 1999-06-10 2000-12-19 Nitto Denko Corp Microcapsular curing agent and epoxy resin composition using same

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH05247179A (en) * 1992-03-06 1993-09-24 Matsumoto Yushi Seiyaku Co Ltd Microcapsule for epoxy resin curing agent
JP2000351830A (en) * 1999-06-10 2000-12-19 Nitto Denko Corp Microcapsular curing agent and epoxy resin composition using same

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