JP2012101626A - Air conditioner for vehicle and air-conditioning method - Google Patents

Air conditioner for vehicle and air-conditioning method Download PDF

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JP2012101626A
JP2012101626A JP2010250534A JP2010250534A JP2012101626A JP 2012101626 A JP2012101626 A JP 2012101626A JP 2010250534 A JP2010250534 A JP 2010250534A JP 2010250534 A JP2010250534 A JP 2010250534A JP 2012101626 A JP2012101626 A JP 2012101626A
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vehicle
air
flow rate
introduction amount
outside air
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Masafumi Kawai
理文 河合
Norihiro Takai
紀浩 高井
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IHI Corp
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IHI Corp
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To avoid the problem caused by unnecessarily introducing outside air, by introducing the outside air of a proper flow rate based on the estimated passenger number, by estimating the passenger number with a simple constitution.SOLUTION: This air conditioner 100 for a vehicle includes a flow rate adjusting part 202 for adjusting a flow rate of air sent out into the vehicle, a rate adjusting part 204 for adjusting a rate of an outside air introducing quantity and an inside air introducing quantity among the flow rate of the air introduced into the flow rate adjusting part 202, a person number estimating part 212 for estimating the passenger number, an introducing quantity deriving part 214 for deriving the outside air introducing quantity based on the estimated passenger number, a temperature measuring part 208 for measuring the inside air temperature and the outside air temperature, a heat load deriving part 216 for deriving a heat load in the vehicle based on the estimated passenger number, the measured inside air temperature and outside air temperature, and a rate deriving part 218 for deriving a sending-out flow rate Qt and an introducing quantity rate R based on the derived outside air introducing quantity and the derived heat load in the vehicle.

Description

本発明は、鉄道車両等の車両に設けられる車両用空調装置およびこれを用いた空調方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a vehicle air conditioner provided in a vehicle such as a railway vehicle and an air conditioning method using the same.

鉄道車両等の車両は、気密性が高いため、乗客の人数に応じて、車両外の空気(以下、単に外気と称する)を車両内に常時導入する必要がある。例えば、鉄道車両に設置される従来の空調装置は、乗客の人数を、車両の定員(または定員の1.5倍)と仮定して、定員の数に対応した流量の外気を一律に車両内に導入していた。   Since a vehicle such as a railway vehicle has high airtightness, it is necessary to always introduce air outside the vehicle (hereinafter simply referred to as outside air) into the vehicle according to the number of passengers. For example, a conventional air conditioner installed in a railway vehicle assumes that the number of passengers is the capacity of the vehicle (or 1.5 times the capacity), and the outside air with a flow rate corresponding to the number of passengers is uniformly within the vehicle. Had been introduced to.

しかし、従来の空調装置は、実際の乗客の人数が、定員に達していない場合であっても、上述した定員の数に対応した流量で外気を車両内に導入していたため、実際の乗客の人数が定員より少なくなっている分だけ、無駄に外気を導入する結果を招いていた。   However, the conventional air conditioner introduced outside air into the vehicle at a flow rate corresponding to the above-mentioned number of passengers even when the actual number of passengers did not reach the capacity. As the number of people was less than the capacity, the result was that the outside air was wasted.

そこで、赤外線センサまたは各座席に配置された感圧センサを用いて、自動車の各座席に人が座っているか否かを検知し、その検知結果から乗車している人数(乗車数)を導出し、導出した乗車数に応じた必要な換気量を満たすように、空調装置に車両内の空気(以下、単に内気と称する)を導入する内気導入口の開閉と、空調装置に外気を導入する外気導入口の開閉とをそれぞれ制御する空調装置が開示されている(例えば、特許文献1)。   Therefore, using infrared sensors or pressure-sensitive sensors placed on each seat, it is detected whether or not a person is sitting on each seat of the car, and the number of passengers (the number of passengers) is derived from the detection result. Opening / closing the inside air inlet for introducing the air in the vehicle (hereinafter simply referred to as inside air) into the air conditioner and the outside air introducing outside air into the air conditioner so as to satisfy the necessary ventilation amount according to the derived number of passengers An air conditioner that controls opening and closing of the inlet is disclosed (for example, Patent Document 1).

特開平8−175161号公報JP-A-8-175161

しかし、鉄道車両において、乗客は、鉄道車両に設けられた座席に座るだけでなく、座席以外の床に立っていることが多い場合もある。すなわち、鉄道車両においては、乗客の位置が固定ではないため、仮に、上述した特許文献1の技術を鉄道車両に応用することを検討したとしても、鉄道車両内の乗客の人数を把握することはできない。   However, in a railway vehicle, a passenger often sits on a floor other than the seat in addition to sitting on a seat provided in the railway vehicle. That is, in the railway vehicle, since the position of the passenger is not fixed, even if it is considered to apply the technique of Patent Document 1 described above to the railway vehicle, it is not possible to grasp the number of passengers in the railway vehicle. Can not.

本発明は、このような課題に鑑み、簡易な構成で乗客の人数を推定し、推定した乗客の人数に基づいて、適切な流量の外気を導入することが可能な、車両用空調装置および空調方法を提供することを目的としている。   In view of such a problem, the present invention estimates the number of passengers with a simple configuration, and can introduce outside air having an appropriate flow rate based on the estimated number of passengers and an air conditioner It aims to provide a method.

上記課題を解決するために、本発明の車両用空調装置は、車両内に送出する空気の流量を調整する流量調整部と、流量調整部に導入される空気の流量のうち、車両外の空気の流量である外気導入量と車両内の空気の流量である内気導入量との割合を調整する割合調整部と、車両に乗車している乗客の人数を推定する人数推定部と、推定された乗客の人数に基づいて外気導入量を導出する導入量導出部と、車両内の温度である内気温および車両外の温度である外気温を測定する温度測定部と、推定された乗客の人数と測定された内気温および外気温とに基づいて、車両内の熱負荷を導出する熱負荷導出部と、導出された外気導入量と導出された車両内の熱負荷とに基づいて、流量調整部が調整する空気の流量である送出流量、および割合調整部が調整する外気導入量と内気導入量との割合である導入量割合とを導出する割合導出部とを備えることを特徴とする。   In order to solve the above-described problems, a vehicle air conditioner according to the present invention includes a flow rate adjusting unit that adjusts a flow rate of air sent into the vehicle, and air outside the vehicle among the air flow rates introduced into the flow rate adjusting unit. A ratio adjusting unit that adjusts a ratio between an outside air introduction amount that is a flow rate of the vehicle and an inside air introduction amount that is a flow rate of air in the vehicle, and a number estimation unit that estimates the number of passengers on the vehicle, An introduction amount deriving unit for deriving the outside air introduction amount based on the number of passengers, a temperature measurement unit for measuring the inside air temperature that is the temperature inside the vehicle and the outside air temperature that is the temperature outside the vehicle, and the estimated number of passengers A heat load deriving unit for deriving a heat load in the vehicle based on the measured inside air temperature and outside air temperature, and a flow rate adjusting unit based on the derived outside air introduction amount and the derived heat load in the vehicle Is the flow rate of air to be adjusted, and the flow rate and ratio adjustment unit Characterized in that it comprises a proportion deriving unit that derives the introduction amount ratio is a ratio of the outside air introduction amount and inside air introduction amount adjusting.

上記車両用空調装置は、車両の台車と、台車の上に設置される車体との間に設けられ、台車から車体へ伝達される振動を抑制する空気バネの内圧を測定する内圧測定部をさらに備え、人数推定部は、測定された空気バネの内圧に基づいて、車両に乗車している乗客の重量を導出して、乗客の人数を推定してもよい。   The vehicle air conditioner further includes an internal pressure measuring unit that is provided between the vehicle carriage and the vehicle body installed on the vehicle, and measures an internal pressure of an air spring that suppresses vibration transmitted from the vehicle to the vehicle body. The number-of-people estimation unit may estimate the number of passengers by deriving the weight of passengers on the vehicle based on the measured internal pressure of the air spring.

上記車両用空調装置は、乗客が乗降するドアの開閉を検知する開閉検知部をさらに備え、開閉検知部が、ドアが開から閉になったことを検知したことを契機に、導入量導出部は外気導入量を導出し、熱負荷導出部は車両内の熱負荷を導出してもよい。   The vehicle air conditioner further includes an opening / closing detection unit that detects opening / closing of a door on which a passenger gets on and off, and the opening / closing detection unit detects that the door has been closed from being opened to being closed. May derive the outside air introduction amount, and the thermal load deriving unit may derive the thermal load in the vehicle.

上記課題を解決するために、車両用空調装置を用いた、本発明の空調方法は、車両に乗車している乗客の人数を推定し、推定した乗客の人数に基づいて、車両用空調装置に導入される車両外の空気の流量である外気導入量を導出し、車両内の温度である内気温および車両外の温度である外気温を測定し、推定した乗客の人数と、測定された内気温および外気温とに基づいて、車両内の熱負荷を導出し、導出した外気導入量および導出した車両内の熱負荷に基づいて、車両用空調装置が送出する空気の流量である送出流量、および外気導入量と車両内から導入される空気の流量である内気導入量との割合である導入量割合を導出し、導出した導入量割合で、車両用空調装置に導入される空気の流量のうち、外気導入量と内気導入量との割合を調整し、導出した送出流量で車両内に空気を送出することを特徴とする。   In order to solve the above problems, an air conditioning method of the present invention using a vehicle air conditioner estimates the number of passengers on the vehicle, and determines the number of passengers on the vehicle air conditioner based on the estimated number of passengers. The amount of outside air introduced, which is the flow rate of air introduced outside the vehicle, is derived, and the inside air temperature, which is the temperature inside the vehicle, and the outside air temperature, which is the temperature outside the vehicle, are measured. Based on the air temperature and the outside air temperature, a heat load in the vehicle is derived, and based on the derived outside air introduction amount and the derived heat load in the vehicle, a delivery flow rate that is a flow rate of air delivered by the vehicle air conditioner, And an introduction amount ratio that is a ratio of the outside air introduction amount and the inside air introduction amount that is the flow rate of air introduced from the inside of the vehicle, and the flow rate of the air introduced into the vehicle air conditioner at the derived introduction amount ratio. Of these, the ratio between the amount of outside air introduced and the amount of inside air introduced was adjusted. And, characterized by sending air into the vehicle in the derived delivery rate.

上述した車両用空調装置の技術的思想に基づく構成要素やその説明は、当該空調方法にも適用可能である。   The above-described components based on the technical idea of the vehicle air conditioner and the description thereof can be applied to the air conditioning method.

本発明によれば、簡易な構成で乗客の人数を推定し、推定した乗客の人数に基づいて、適切な流量の外気を導入することができ、不必要に外気を導入してしまうことによって生じる問題、例えば、消費電力の増加や、不必要に流入した外気による車両用空調装置の劣化等を回避することが可能となる。   According to the present invention, it is possible to estimate the number of passengers with a simple configuration, introduce outside air with an appropriate flow rate based on the estimated number of passengers, and unnecessarily introduce outside air. It becomes possible to avoid problems, for example, increase in power consumption, deterioration of the vehicle air conditioner due to unnecessarily flowing outside air, and the like.

車両用空調装置の使用形態を説明するための概略的な説明図である。It is a schematic explanatory drawing for demonstrating the usage type of a vehicle air conditioner. 車両用空調装置の概略的な機能を示した機能ブロック図である。It is the functional block diagram which showed the schematic function of the vehicle air conditioner. 割合調整部の構成の例を説明するための説明図である。It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the example of a structure of a ratio adjustment part. 内圧測定部の構成を説明するための説明図である。It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the structure of an internal pressure measurement part. 空調方法の全体的な流れを示したフローチャートである。It is the flowchart which showed the whole flow of the air-conditioning method.

以下に添付図面を参照しながら、本発明の好適な実施形態について詳細に説明する。かかる実施形態に示す寸法、材料、その他具体的な数値等は、発明の理解を容易とするための例示にすぎず、特に断る場合を除き、本発明を限定するものではない。なお、本明細書及び図面において、実質的に同一の機能、構成を有する要素については、同一の符号を付することにより重複説明を省略し、また本発明に直接関係のない要素は図示を省略する。   Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The dimensions, materials, and other specific numerical values shown in the embodiments are merely examples for facilitating the understanding of the invention, and do not limit the present invention unless otherwise specified. In the present specification and drawings, elements having substantially the same function and configuration are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted, and elements not directly related to the present invention are not illustrated. To do.

図1は、本実施形態にかかる車両用空調装置100の使用形態を説明するための概略的な説明図である。図1に示すように、本実施形態において車両用空調装置100は、鉄道車両110に設けられる。   FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram for explaining a usage pattern of the vehicle air conditioner 100 according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the vehicle air conditioner 100 is provided in a railway vehicle 110 in the present embodiment.

鉄道車両110は、台車112と、台車112の上に設置される車体114と、空気バネ120と、空気源122とを含んで構成される。車体114には、乗客102が乗降するためのドア130が設けられている。   The railway vehicle 110 includes a carriage 112, a vehicle body 114 installed on the carriage 112, an air spring 120, and an air source 122. The vehicle body 114 is provided with a door 130 for the passenger 102 to get on and off.

空気バネ120は、台車112と車体114との間に設けられ、車体114を支持している。空気バネ120は、空気源122から空気が導入されたり、空気源122に空気を排出したりして、内包する空気の体積を変化させることで任意にばね定数を調整することができ、台車112から車体114へ伝達される振動を抑制することが可能となる。また鉄道車両110は、空気バネ120を用いることで、その空気バネ120の内気圧を調整し、車体114の荷重に拘わらず、車体114の鉛直位置を制御することもできる。   The air spring 120 is provided between the carriage 112 and the vehicle body 114 and supports the vehicle body 114. The air spring 120 can arbitrarily adjust the spring constant by changing the volume of the air contained therein by introducing air from the air source 122 or exhausting air to the air source 122. The vibration transmitted from the vehicle to the vehicle body 114 can be suppressed. The railcar 110 can also control the vertical position of the vehicle body 114 regardless of the load on the vehicle body 114 by adjusting the internal pressure of the air spring 120 by using the air spring 120.

ここで、例えば、車両用空調装置100が搭載される鉄道車両110は、新交通システムに利用する車両であり、長さが9000〜12500mm程度、幅が2300〜2850mm程度である。本実施形態において鉄道車両110は、予め定められた軌道上を走行する。また、軌道には曲線(カーブ)も含まれるので、曲線の走行に対応すべく、鉄道車両110は複数連結して構成される。本実施形態においては、鉄道車両110として、新交通システムに利用する車両を例に挙げて説明するが、電車や汽車、バス等の車両であってもよい。   Here, for example, the railway vehicle 110 on which the vehicle air conditioner 100 is mounted is a vehicle used for a new transportation system, and has a length of about 9000-12500 mm and a width of about 2300-2850 mm. In the present embodiment, the railway vehicle 110 travels on a predetermined track. In addition, since the track includes a curve, a plurality of rail vehicles 110 are connected to cope with the traveling of the curve. In the present embodiment, the railway vehicle 110 will be described by taking a vehicle used for a new transportation system as an example, but a vehicle such as a train, a train, or a bus may be used.

新交通システムの車両は、比較的小型に形成されるため、車両用空調装置100は、設置の制限が比較的少ない、車体114の外側(屋根の上や、車体114の床下等)に設置されることが多い。   Since the vehicle of the new transportation system is formed to be relatively small, the vehicle air conditioner 100 is installed outside the vehicle body 114 (on the roof, under the floor of the vehicle body 114, etc.) with relatively few restrictions on installation. Often.

車両用空調装置100は、鉄道車両内(以下、単に車内と称する)114aに乗車している乗客102が快適に過ごせるように、車内114aの温度(以下、単に内気温と称する)を予め定められた目標となる温度(以下、単に設定温度)に制御するべく、冷房機能として動作する場合は空気を冷却して、暖房機能として動作する場合は空気を加熱して、車内114aに送出する。   The vehicle air conditioner 100 has a predetermined temperature (hereinafter simply referred to as an internal temperature) in the vehicle 114a so that passengers 102 in the railway vehicle (hereinafter simply referred to as the vehicle) 114a can spend comfortably. In order to control to a target temperature (hereinafter simply referred to as a set temperature), the air is cooled when operating as a cooling function, and the air is heated when operating as a heating function, and sent to the interior 114a.

空気の流れに注目すると、車両用空調装置100は、内気(車内114aの空気)を100%循環させて、すなわち、内気を100%取り込んで、取り込んだ内気を冷却または加熱して、再度、車内114aに送出すると、最も効率よく内気温を設定温度にすることができる。しかし、鉄道車両110においては、乗客102の人数(以下、単に、乗客数と称する)に応じて、常時、所定量の外気(鉄道車両110外の空気)を車内114aに導入(換気)しなければならないといった規制がある。   Paying attention to the air flow, the vehicle air conditioner 100 circulates 100% of the inside air (the air inside the vehicle 114a), that is, takes in 100% of the inside air, cools or heats the taken inside air, If it sends out to 114a, internal temperature can be set to preset temperature most efficiently. However, in the railway vehicle 110, a predetermined amount of outside air (air outside the railway vehicle 110) must be constantly introduced (ventilated) into the interior 114a in accordance with the number of passengers 102 (hereinafter simply referred to as the number of passengers). There is a regulation that must be done.

従来は、この規制を遵守するために、鉄道車両110の定員(または定員の1.5倍)の人数の乗客102が鉄道車両110に乗車しているとみなして、定員に応じた、外気の導入の流量(例えば、1人あたり15m/h)を一律に決めていたため、鉄道車両110の乗客数が定員に満たない場合、不必要な外気が車両用空調装置100に導入されてしまっていた。 Conventionally, in order to comply with this regulation, it is considered that passengers 102 of the number of railway vehicles 110 (or 1.5 times the number of passengers) are on the railway vehicle 110, and the amount of outside air corresponding to the number of passengers Since the flow rate for introduction (for example, 15 m 3 / h per person) was determined uniformly, unnecessary outside air was introduced into the vehicle air conditioner 100 when the number of passengers in the railcar 110 was less than the capacity. It was.

例えば、夏季において、乗客102が車内114aの温度が快適であると感じるような比較的低い温度にしようとすると、車両用空調装置100は、比較的高温の外気を冷却して車内114aに送出しなければならないため、不必要な外気も冷却しなくてはならなくなり、無駄な電力を消費してしまうことになる。また、空気の循環量が全体的に多くなると、車両用空調装置100の劣化やメンテナンスにも影響することになる。   For example, in the summer, when the passenger 102 tries to make the temperature within the vehicle 114a feel comfortable, the vehicle air conditioner 100 cools the relatively hot outside air and sends it to the vehicle 114a. Therefore, unnecessary outside air must be cooled, and wasteful power is consumed. Moreover, if the amount of air circulation increases as a whole, it will affect the deterioration and maintenance of the vehicle air conditioner 100.

そこで、本実施形態の車両用空調装置100は、簡易な構成で乗客数を推定し、推定した乗客数に基づいて必要最低限の外気を導入することができ、不必要に外気を取り込んでしまうことによって生じる、上述した消費電力の増加や車両用空調装置100の劣化等の問題を回避することを目的とする。以下、車両用空調装置100の具体的な構成について詳述し、次に車両用空調装置100を用いた空調方法について説明する。   Therefore, the vehicle air conditioner 100 according to the present embodiment can estimate the number of passengers with a simple configuration, and can introduce a minimum amount of outside air based on the estimated number of passengers, and take in outside air unnecessarily. It is an object of the present invention to avoid problems such as an increase in power consumption and deterioration of the vehicle air conditioner 100 described above. Hereinafter, a specific configuration of the vehicle air conditioner 100 will be described in detail, and then an air conditioning method using the vehicle air conditioner 100 will be described.

(車両用空調装置100)
図2は、本実施形態にかかる車両用空調装置100の概略的な機能を示した機能ブロック図である。なお、図2中、データまたは制御信号の流れを実線で示し、空気の流れを破線で示す。また、図2において、車両用空調装置100に導入される外気の流量である外気導入量をQo、流量調整部202が車内114aに送出する空気の流量である送出流量をQt、車両用空調装置100に再び導入(還流)される内気の流量である内気導入量をQi、車両用空調装置100に還流されることなく排出される内気の流量である排出流量をQeとする。なお、鉄道車両110が密閉空間であると仮定すると、外気導入量Qoと、排出流量Qeは等しくなる。
(Vehicle air conditioner 100)
FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram showing a schematic function of the vehicle air conditioner 100 according to the present embodiment. In FIG. 2, the flow of data or control signals is indicated by a solid line, and the flow of air is indicated by a broken line. Further, in FIG. 2, the outside air introduction amount that is the flow rate of the outside air introduced into the vehicle air conditioner 100 is Qo, the delivery flow rate that is the flow rate of the air that the flow rate adjusting unit 202 sends out to the interior 114a is Qt, and the vehicle air conditioner. The internal air introduction amount that is the flow rate of the internal air that is reintroduced (refluxed) to 100 is denoted by Qi, and the exhaust flow rate that is the flow rate of the internal air that is discharged without being recirculated to the vehicle air conditioner 100 is denoted by Qe. Assuming that the railway vehicle 110 is a sealed space, the outside air introduction amount Qo and the discharge flow rate Qe are equal.

図2に示すように、車両用空調装置100は、温度調整部200と、流量調整部202と、割合調整部204と、内圧測定部206と、温度測定部208と、中央制御部210とを含んで構成される。   As shown in FIG. 2, the vehicle air conditioner 100 includes a temperature adjustment unit 200, a flow rate adjustment unit 202, a ratio adjustment unit 204, an internal pressure measurement unit 206, a temperature measurement unit 208, and a central control unit 210. Consists of including.

温度調整部200は、後述する割合導出部218が導出した冷却負荷qcに基づいて、導入された外気および内気を冷却したり、後述する割合導出部218が導出した加熱負荷qhに基づいて加熱したりする。冷却負荷qcは、内気温を設定温度にするべく、温度調整部200が、導入された外気および内気を冷却するための負荷であり、加熱負荷qhは、内気温を設定温度にするべく、温度調整部200が、導入された外気および内気を加熱するための負荷である。   The temperature adjustment unit 200 cools the introduced outside air and the inside air based on the cooling load qc derived by the rate deriving unit 218 described later, or heats based on the heating load qh derived by the rate deriving unit 218 described later. Or The cooling load qc is a load for the temperature adjusting unit 200 to cool the introduced outside air and the inside air so that the inside air temperature is set to the set temperature, and the heating load qh is the temperature that is used to set the inside temperature to the set temperature. The adjustment unit 200 is a load for heating the introduced outside air and inside air.

流量調整部202は、割合導出部218が導出した送出流量Qtに基づいて、114aに送出する空気の流量を調整する。   The flow rate adjustment unit 202 adjusts the flow rate of the air sent to 114a based on the delivery flow rate Qt derived by the ratio deriving unit 218.

割合調整部204は、割合導出部218が導出した導入量割合Rに基づいて、流量調整部202に導入される空気の流量のうち、外気の流量である外気導入量Qoと、内気の流量である内気導入量Qiの割合を調整する。   Based on the introduction amount ratio R derived by the ratio deriving unit 218, the ratio adjusting unit 204 uses the outside air introduction amount Qo, which is the flow rate of outside air, of the flow rate of air introduced into the flow rate adjusting unit 202, and the flow rate of inside air. The ratio of a certain inside air introduction amount Qi is adjusted.

図3は、割合調整部204の構成の例を説明するための説明図である。図3(a)、(c)は、割合調整部204における空気の概略的な流れを示し、図3(b)は、図3(a)を、温度調整部200側から見たときの割合調整部204の構造を示し、図3(d)は、図3(c)を、温度調整部200側から見たときの割合調整部204の構造を示す。   FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an example of the configuration of the ratio adjusting unit 204. 3A and 3C show a schematic flow of air in the ratio adjusting unit 204, and FIG. 3B shows a ratio when FIG. 3A is viewed from the temperature adjusting unit 200 side. The structure of the adjustment part 204 is shown, FIG.3 (d) shows the structure of the ratio adjustment part 204 when FIG.3 (c) is seen from the temperature adjustment part 200 side.

図3に示すように、本実施形態において割合調整部204は、温度調整部200および流量調整部202に外気を導入する外気導入経路208aと、温度調整部200および流量調整部202に内気を導入する内気導入経路208bとの合流地点に設置される。   As shown in FIG. 3, in the present embodiment, the ratio adjusting unit 204 introduces the outside air introduction path 208 a for introducing outside air to the temperature adjusting unit 200 and the flow rate adjusting unit 202, and introduces inside air to the temperature adjusting unit 200 and the flow rate adjusting unit 202. It is installed at a meeting point with the inside air introduction route 208b.

例えば、割合調整部204は、図3(a)、(b)に示すように、外気導入経路208aと内気導入経路208bとの中心線204bを回転軸として回転自在な遮蔽板204aを含んで構成される。図3(a)、(b)に示す割合調整部204は、割合導出部218が導出した導入量割合Rに基づいて、外気導入経路208aと内気導入経路208bの開口面積の比が導入量割合Rとなるように、遮蔽板204aを回転させることで、流量調整部202に導入される外気導入量Qoと内気導入量Qiの割合を調整する。   For example, as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the ratio adjusting unit 204 includes a shielding plate 204a that is rotatable about a center line 204b between the outside air introduction path 208a and the inside air introduction path 208b as a rotation axis. Is done. The ratio adjusting unit 204 shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B is based on the introduction amount ratio R derived by the ratio deriving unit 218, and the ratio of the open areas of the outside air introduction path 208a and the inside air introduction path 208b is the introduction amount ratio. By rotating the shielding plate 204a so as to be R, the ratio of the outside air introduction amount Qo introduced into the flow rate adjustment unit 202 and the inside air introduction amount Qi is adjusted.

また、割合調整部204を、図3(c)、(d)に示すように、例えば、外気導入経路208aと内気導入経路208bとを摺動自在な遮蔽板204cを含んで構成させ、割合導出部218が導出した導入量割合Rに基づいて、遮蔽板204cを摺動させることで、流量調整部202に導入される外気導入量Qoと内気導入量Qiの割合を調整してもよい。   Further, as shown in FIGS. 3C and 3D, for example, the ratio adjusting unit 204 is configured so that the outside air introduction path 208a and the inside air introduction path 208b include a slidable shielding plate 204c, and the ratio is derived. The ratio between the outside air introduction amount Qo and the inside air introduction amount Qi introduced into the flow rate adjustment unit 202 may be adjusted by sliding the shielding plate 204c based on the introduction amount ratio R derived by the section 218.

このように、割合調整部204は、遮蔽板(204a、204c)を調整するだけで、外気導入量Qoと内気導入量Qiを一度に調整することができる。   As described above, the ratio adjusting unit 204 can adjust the outside air introduction amount Qo and the inside air introduction amount Qi at a time only by adjusting the shielding plates (204a, 204c).

また、割合調整部204は、外気導入経路208aと、内気導入経路208bにそれぞれ設けられたバルブであってもよい。この場合、割合調整部204は、各バルブの開度を調整することで、流量調整部202に導入される外気導入量Qoと内気導入量Qiの割合を調整する。   The ratio adjusting unit 204 may be a valve provided in each of the outside air introduction path 208a and the inside air introduction path 208b. In this case, the ratio adjustment unit 204 adjusts the ratio of the outside air introduction amount Qo and the inside air introduction amount Qi introduced into the flow rate adjustment unit 202 by adjusting the opening of each valve.

内圧測定部206は、空気バネ120の内圧を測定し、後述する人数推定部212に出力する。空気バネ120の内圧と、空気バネ120にかかる荷重との関係は、以下の数式(1)に示す関係にある。
W=A×P
…数式(1)
ここで、Wは空気バネ120にかかる荷重(kgf)を、Aは空気バネ120の有効受圧面積(cm)を、Pは空気バネ120の内圧(kg/cm(ゲージ圧))をそれぞれ示す。
The internal pressure measuring unit 206 measures the internal pressure of the air spring 120 and outputs it to the number of people estimating unit 212 described later. The relationship between the internal pressure of the air spring 120 and the load applied to the air spring 120 is a relationship represented by the following formula (1).
W = A × P
... Formula (1)
Here, W is a load (kgf) applied to the air spring 120, A is an effective pressure receiving area (cm 2 ) of the air spring 120, and P is an internal pressure (kg / cm 2 (gauge pressure)) of the air spring 120. Show.

上述した数式(1)に示すように、空気バネ120の内圧と、空気バネ120にかかる荷重は比例の関係にある。したがって、内圧測定部206が、空気バネ120の内圧を測定することにより、人数推定部212は、車体114および乗客102の荷重、すなわち乗客数を推定することが可能となる。   As shown in the above formula (1), the internal pressure of the air spring 120 and the load applied to the air spring 120 are in a proportional relationship. Therefore, when the internal pressure measuring unit 206 measures the internal pressure of the air spring 120, the number of people estimating unit 212 can estimate the load of the vehicle body 114 and the passengers 102, that is, the number of passengers.

図4は、内圧測定部206の構成を説明するための説明図である。図4に示すように、内圧測定部206は、空気バネ120と空気源122とを継ぐ空気路124に連通して設けられる。   FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the configuration of the internal pressure measuring unit 206. As shown in FIG. 4, the internal pressure measurement unit 206 is provided in communication with the air passage 124 that connects the air spring 120 and the air source 122.

温度測定部208は、車内114aの温度である内気温および、鉄道車両110外の温度である外気温を測定する。   The temperature measuring unit 208 measures the inside air temperature that is the temperature inside the vehicle 114 a and the outside air temperature that is the temperature outside the railway vehicle 110.

中央制御部210は、中央処理装置(CPU)や信号処理装置(DSP:Digital Signal Processor)、プログラム等が格納されたROMやメモリ、ワークエリアとしてのRAM等を含む半導体集積回路を用いることができ、中央制御部210は、車両用空調装置100全体を管理および制御する。本実施形態において、中央制御部210は、人数推定部212、導入量導出部214、熱負荷導出部216、割合導出部218、開閉検知部220としても機能する。   The central control unit 210 can use a semiconductor integrated circuit including a central processing unit (CPU), a signal processing unit (DSP: Digital Signal Processor), a ROM or memory storing programs, a RAM as a work area, and the like. The central control unit 210 manages and controls the entire vehicle air conditioner 100. In the present embodiment, the central control unit 210 also functions as the number of people estimation unit 212, the introduction amount derivation unit 214, the thermal load derivation unit 216, the ratio derivation unit 218, and the open / close detection unit 220.

人数推定部212は、乗客数(鉄道車両110に乗車している乗客102の人数)を推定する。本実施形態において人数推定部212は、内圧測定部206が測定した空気バネ120の内圧に基づいて、鉄道車両110に乗車している乗客102の重量を導出し、乗客数を推定する。   The number-of-people estimation unit 212 estimates the number of passengers (the number of passengers 102 on the railway vehicle 110). In the present embodiment, the number estimating unit 212 derives the weight of the passenger 102 riding on the railway vehicle 110 based on the internal pressure of the air spring 120 measured by the internal pressure measuring unit 206, and estimates the number of passengers.

例えば、車両用空調装置100は、空気バネ120の内圧と、空気バネ120にかかる荷重との関係を示す関係式(検量線)を予め保持しておく。人数推定部212は、このような検量線に基づいて、内圧測定部206が測定した空気バネ120の内圧から空気バネ120にかかる荷重、すなわち鉄道車両110の重量および鉄道車両110に乗車している乗客102の重量を導出する。そして、人数推定部212は、導出した重量から鉄道車両110の重量を減算した値を、人の平均体重(例えば、60kg)で除算することで、乗客数を推定する。   For example, the vehicle air conditioner 100 holds in advance a relational expression (calibration curve) indicating the relationship between the internal pressure of the air spring 120 and the load applied to the air spring 120. Based on such a calibration curve, the number-of-people estimation unit 212 gets on the load applied to the air spring 120 from the internal pressure of the air spring 120 measured by the internal pressure measuring unit 206, that is, the weight of the rail vehicle 110 and the rail vehicle 110. The weight of the passenger 102 is derived. The number-of-people estimation unit 212 estimates the number of passengers by dividing a value obtained by subtracting the weight of the railway vehicle 110 from the derived weight by the average weight of the person (for example, 60 kg).

このように、鉄道車両110に元々設けられている空気バネ120を利用して乗客数を推定するといった構成により、乗客数を推定するための専用の装置を別途設ける必要がなくなり、専用の装置を設置するための占有面積が不要となり、専用の装置を設けるためのコストを削減することが可能となる。   In this way, the configuration in which the number of passengers is estimated using the air springs 120 originally provided in the railcar 110 eliminates the need to separately provide a dedicated device for estimating the number of passengers. Occupied area for installation becomes unnecessary, and the cost for providing a dedicated device can be reduced.

導入量導出部214は、人数推定部212が推定した乗客数に基づいて、流量調整部202に導入される外気(鉄道車両110外の空気)の流量である外気導入量Qoを導出する。導入量導出部214が導出する外気導入量Qoは、規制に基づく1人あたりの外気導入量(例えば、15m/h)に人数推定部212が推定した乗客数を乗算した値となる。また、導入量導出部214や上述した人数推定部212の計算は、必ずしも関係式を用いる必要はなく、例えば、空気バネ120の内圧から外気導入量Qoを一意に抽出可能なテーブルを用いて、外気導入量Qoを導出してもよい。かかる構成により、導入量導出部214の処理負荷を軽減することが可能となる。 The introduction amount deriving unit 214 derives the outside air introduction amount Qo that is the flow rate of the outside air (air outside the railway vehicle 110) introduced into the flow rate adjustment unit 202 based on the number of passengers estimated by the number of people estimation unit 212. The outside air introduction amount Qo derived by the introduction amount deriving unit 214 is a value obtained by multiplying the outside air introduction amount per person (for example, 15 m 3 / h) based on the regulation by the number of passengers estimated by the number of people estimating unit 212. Further, the calculation of the introduction amount deriving unit 214 and the above-described number estimating unit 212 does not necessarily use a relational expression. For example, using a table that can uniquely extract the outside air introduction amount Qo from the internal pressure of the air spring 120, The outside air introduction amount Qo may be derived. With this configuration, the processing load on the introduction amount deriving unit 214 can be reduced.

熱負荷導出部216は、温度測定部208が測定した内気温および外気温と、人数推定部212が推定した乗客数と、車両用空調装置100から送出されている現在の空気の流量と、車両用空調装置100の現在の出力(冷房負荷qcまたは暖房負荷qh)とに基づいて、車内114aの熱負荷を導出する。ここで、熱負荷導出部216は、例えば、山田治夫著「冷凍および空気調和」株式会社養賢堂発行、1981年、P.234−P.237等に記載された公知の方法を利用して、冷却負荷qcや加熱負荷qhを導出する。なお、熱負荷導出部216は、冷却負荷qcまたは加熱負荷qhのいずれかに関し、常に計算を行わずともよく、地域、季節、月日、時間等に応じて決まった値を用いることもできる。   The thermal load deriving unit 216 includes an inside air temperature and an outside air temperature measured by the temperature measuring unit 208, the number of passengers estimated by the number estimating unit 212, the current flow rate of air sent from the vehicle air conditioner 100, the vehicle Based on the current output (cooling load qc or heating load qh) of the air conditioner 100 for a vehicle, the thermal load in the vehicle interior 114a is derived. Here, the heat load deriving unit 216 is, for example, published by Haruo Yamada, “Refrigeration and Air Conditioning”, Yokendo Co., Ltd., 1981, P.I. 234-P. The cooling load qc and the heating load qh are derived using a known method described in 237 and the like. Note that the heat load deriving unit 216 does not always have to calculate either the cooling load qc or the heating load qh, and can use a value determined according to the region, season, date, time, and the like.

割合導出部218は、導入量導出部214が導出した外気導入量Qoと、熱負荷導出部216が導出した熱負荷とに基づいて、流量調整部202が調整する空気の流量である送出流量Qtと、割合調整部204が調整する外気導入量Qoと内気導入量Qiの割合である導入量割合Rとを導出する。なお導入量割合Rは、外気導入量Qoを1としたときの内気導入量Qiの割合を示すものとする。   The ratio deriving unit 218 is a delivery flow rate Qt that is a flow rate of air adjusted by the flow rate adjusting unit 202 based on the outside air introduction amount Qo derived by the introduction amount deriving unit 214 and the thermal load derived by the thermal load deriving unit 216. And an introduction amount ratio R which is a ratio of the outside air introduction amount Qo and the inside air introduction amount Qi adjusted by the ratio adjusting unit 204 is derived. The introduction amount ratio R indicates the ratio of the inside air introduction amount Qi when the outside air introduction amount Qo is 1.

割合導出部218は、例えば、山田治夫著「冷凍および空気調和」株式会社養賢堂発行、1981年、P.234−P.237等に記載された公知の方法を利用して、送出流量Qtを導出する。また、割合導出部218は、導出した送出流量Qtを以下の数式(2)に代入して、導入量割合Rを導出する。
R=(Qt−Qo)/Qo=Qi/Qo
…数式(2)
The ratio deriving unit 218 is, for example, published by Haruo Yamada, “Refrigeration and Air Conditioning”, Yokendo Co., Ltd., 1981, p. 234-P. The delivery flow rate Qt is derived using a known method described in 237 and the like. In addition, the ratio deriving unit 218 derives the introduction amount ratio R by substituting the derived delivery flow rate Qt into the following formula (2).
R = (Qt−Qo) / Qo = Qi / Qo
... Formula (2)

以上説明したように、鉄道車両110の定員ではなく、実際に鉄道車両110に乗車している乗客102の具体的な人数に基づいて、外気導入量Qoを必要最低限の導入量とすることで、不必要に外気を導入してしまうことによって生じる問題を回避することが可能となる。例えば、不必要に導入した外気までも無駄に冷却したり加熱したりすることによって生じる消費電力を削減したり、不必要な外気を無駄に通過させることによって生じる車両用空調装置100の劣化を抑制したりすることが可能となる。   As described above, by setting the outside air introduction amount Qo to the minimum necessary introduction amount based on the specific number of passengers 102 who actually get on the railcar 110 instead of the capacity of the railcar 110. It is possible to avoid problems caused by introducing outside air unnecessarily. For example, power consumption caused by unnecessary cooling or heating of the outside air introduced unnecessarily is reduced, or deterioration of the vehicle air conditioner 100 caused by unnecessary passage of unnecessary outside air is suppressed. It becomes possible to do.

開閉検知部220は、乗客102が乗降するドア130の開閉を検知する。本実施形態において、上述した導入量導出部214は、開閉検知部220が、ドア130が開から閉になったことを検知したことを契機に、外気導入量Qoを導出する。また、上述した熱負荷導出部216は、開閉検知部220が、ドア130が開から閉になったことを検知したことを契機に、車内114aの熱負荷を導出する。   The opening / closing detection unit 220 detects opening / closing of the door 130 on which the passenger 102 gets on and off. In the present embodiment, the introduction amount deriving unit 214 described above derives the outside air introduction amount Qo when the open / close detection unit 220 detects that the door 130 is closed from the open state. In addition, the thermal load deriving unit 216 described above derives the thermal load in the vehicle interior 114a when the open / close detection unit 220 detects that the door 130 has been closed from being opened.

空気バネ120にかかる荷重は、鉄道車両110が停車し、乗客102が乗降したときに変化する。したがって、ドア130が開から閉になったとき、すなわち、駅等で乗客102の乗降が完了し、当面の荷重が確定したときに、外気導入量Qoを導出し、当面の乗客数が確定したときに車内114aの熱負荷を導出する構成により、乗客数が安定している状態で外気導入量Qoおよび、車内114aの熱負荷を導出することができる。   The load applied to the air spring 120 changes when the railway vehicle 110 stops and the passenger 102 gets on and off. Therefore, when the door 130 is closed from the opening, that is, when the passenger 102 gets on and off at the station or the like and the current load is determined, the outside air introduction amount Qo is derived, and the current number of passengers is determined. Occasionally, the configuration for deriving the thermal load in the vehicle interior 114a makes it possible to derive the outside air introduction amount Qo and the heat load in the vehicle interior 114a while the number of passengers is stable.

また、人は、車両用空調装置100から送出される風量が変化すると、不快に感じる傾向にある。そこで、ドア130が開から閉になったことを契機に、外気導入量Qoを導出することで、鉄道車両110の走行中においては、安定した風量で車両用空調装置100から空気を送出することができ、乗客102に不快感を与えてしまう事態を回避することが可能となる。   Moreover, people tend to feel uncomfortable when the amount of air sent from the vehicle air conditioner 100 changes. Therefore, when the door 130 is opened to closed, the outside air introduction amount Qo is derived, so that the air is sent from the vehicle air conditioner 100 with a stable air volume while the railway vehicle 110 is traveling. It is possible to avoid a situation in which the passenger 102 is uncomfortable.

以上説明したように、本実施形態にかかる車両用空調装置100によれば、鉄道車両110の定員ではなく、実際に鉄道車両110に乗車している乗客102の具体的な人数に基づいて、必要最低限の外気を導入することで、不必要に外気を導入してしまうことによって生じる問題を回避することが可能となる。このような構成の車両用空調装置100は、特に新交通システムの車両等、電力容量に制限がある車両には有効である。   As described above, according to the vehicle air conditioner 100 according to the present embodiment, it is necessary based on the specific number of passengers 102 actually on the railway vehicle 110, not the capacity of the railway vehicle 110. By introducing the minimum amount of outside air, it is possible to avoid problems caused by unnecessarily introducing outside air. The vehicle air conditioner 100 having such a configuration is particularly effective for a vehicle having a limited power capacity, such as a vehicle of a new transportation system.

(空調方法)
また、上述した車両用空調装置100を用いた空調方法も提供される。以下、このような空調方法を詳細に説明する。なお、ここでは、車両用空調装置100が冷房として機能する場合について説明する。
(Air conditioning method)
An air conditioning method using the vehicle air conditioner 100 described above is also provided. Hereinafter, such an air conditioning method will be described in detail. Here, the case where the vehicle air conditioner 100 functions as cooling will be described.

図5は、空調方法の全体的な流れを示したフローチャートである。図5に示すように、開閉検知部220が、ドア130が開から閉になったことを検知すると(S300におけるYES)、人数推定部212は、内圧測定部206が測定した空気バネ120の内圧に基づいて、鉄道車両110に乗車している乗客102の重量を導出して、乗客数を推定する(S302)。そして、導入量導出部214は、人数推定ステップS302で推定された乗客数に基づいて、外気導入量Qoを導出する(S304)。   FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the overall flow of the air conditioning method. As shown in FIG. 5, when the opening / closing detection unit 220 detects that the door 130 has been closed from the open (YES in S300), the number estimating unit 212 detects the internal pressure of the air spring 120 measured by the internal pressure measuring unit 206. Based on the above, the weight of the passenger 102 on the railway vehicle 110 is derived to estimate the number of passengers (S302). Then, the introduction amount deriving unit 214 derives the outside air introduction amount Qo based on the number of passengers estimated in the number estimating step S302 (S304).

温度測定部208は、内気温および外気温を測定する(S306)。熱負荷導出部216は、この内気温および外気温と、人数推定ステップS302で推定された乗客数と、車両用空調装置100から送出されている現在の空気の流量と、車両用空調装置100の現在の出力(冷房負荷qcまたは暖房負荷qh)とに基づいて、車内114aの熱負荷を導出する(S308)。そして、割合導出部218は、外気導入量導出ステップS304で導出された外気導入量Qoおよび熱量導出ステップS308で導出した車内114aの熱負荷に基づいて、流量調整部202が調整する、車内114aに送出する空気の流量である送出流量Qtを導出し、割合調整部204が調整する、外気導入量Qoと内気導入量Qiとの割合である導入量割合Rを導出する(S310)。   The temperature measuring unit 208 measures the inside air temperature and the outside air temperature (S306). The heat load deriving unit 216 determines the inside air temperature and the outside air temperature, the number of passengers estimated in the person estimation step S302, the current flow rate of air sent from the vehicle air conditioner 100, and the vehicle air conditioner 100. Based on the current output (cooling load qc or heating load qh), the thermal load in the vehicle interior 114a is derived (S308). Then, the ratio deriving unit 218 adjusts the flow rate adjusting unit 202 to adjust the interior 114a based on the outside air introduction amount Qo derived in the outside air introduction amount deriving step S304 and the thermal load of the interior 114a derived in the heat amount deriving step S308. A delivery flow rate Qt which is a flow rate of the air to be delivered is derived, and an introduction amount ratio R which is a ratio between the outside air introduction amount Qo and the inside air introduction amount Qi which is adjusted by the ratio adjustment unit 204 is derived (S310).

そして、割合調整部204は、導出ステップS310で導出した導入量割合Rで、車両用空調装置100に導入される空気の流量のうち、外気導入量Qoと内気導入量Qiとの割合を調整し(S312)、温度調整部200は、熱負荷導出ステップS308で導出した冷却負荷qcや加熱負荷qhに基づいて、導入された外気および内気を冷却または加熱する(S314)。こうして、内気温(鉄道車両110内の温度)が設定温度に近づく。流量調整部202は、導出ステップS310で導出した送出流量Qtで、車内114aに空気を送出する(S316)。   Then, the ratio adjusting unit 204 adjusts the ratio between the outside air introduction amount Qo and the inside air introduction amount Qi in the flow rate of the air introduced into the vehicle air conditioner 100 with the introduction amount ratio R derived in the derivation step S310. (S312) The temperature adjusting unit 200 cools or heats the introduced outside air and inside air based on the cooling load qc and the heating load qh derived in the heat load deriving step S308 (S314). Thus, the inside air temperature (the temperature inside the railway vehicle 110) approaches the set temperature. The flow rate adjusting unit 202 sends air to the vehicle interior 114a at the delivery flow rate Qt derived in the derivation step S310 (S316).

上述した、車両用空調装置100の技術的思想に基づく構成要素やその説明は、空調方法にも適用可能である。   The component based on the technical idea of the vehicle air conditioner 100 mentioned above and its description are applicable also to the air-conditioning method.

上述した如く、本実施形態にかかる空調方法においても、簡易な構成で乗客数を推定し、推定した乗客数に基づいて、適切な流量の外気を導入することができ、不必要に外気を導入してしまうことによって生じる問題を回避することが可能となる。   As described above, also in the air conditioning method according to the present embodiment, the number of passengers can be estimated with a simple configuration, and the outside air with an appropriate flow rate can be introduced based on the estimated number of passengers, and the outside air is unnecessarily introduced. It becomes possible to avoid the problem caused by doing so.

以上、添付図面を参照しながら本発明の好適な実施形態について説明したが、本発明はかかる実施形態に限定されないことは言うまでもない。当業者であれば、特許請求の範囲に記載された範疇において、各種の変更例または修正例に想到し得ることは明らかであり、それらについても当然に本発明の技術的範囲に属するものと了解される。   As mentioned above, although preferred embodiment of this invention was described referring an accompanying drawing, it cannot be overemphasized that this invention is not limited to this embodiment. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made within the scope of the claims, and these are naturally within the technical scope of the present invention. Is done.

なお、本明細書の空調方法における各工程は、必ずしもフローチャートとして記載された順序に沿って時系列に処理する必要はなく、並列的あるいはサブルーチンによる処理を含んでもよい。   In addition, each process in the air conditioning method of this specification does not necessarily need to process in time series along the order described as a flowchart, and may include the process by parallel or a subroutine.

本発明は、鉄道車両等の車両に設けられる車両用空調装置およびこれを用いた空調方法に利用することができる。   INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used for a vehicle air conditioner provided in a vehicle such as a railway vehicle and an air conditioning method using the same.

100 …車両用空調装置
110 …鉄道車両(車両)
112 …台車
114 …車体
120 …空気バネ
130 …ドア
202 …流量調整部
204 …割合調整部
206 …内圧測定部
208 …温度測定部
212 …人数推定部
214 …導入量導出部
216 …熱負荷導出部
218 …割合導出部
220 …開閉検知部
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 ... Vehicle air conditioner 110 ... Railway vehicle (vehicle)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 112 ... Carriage 114 ... Car body 120 ... Air spring 130 ... Door 202 ... Flow rate adjustment part 204 ... Ratio adjustment part 206 ... Internal pressure measurement part 208 ... Temperature measurement part 212 ... Number of persons estimation part 214 ... Introduction amount deriving part 216 ... Thermal load deriving part 218 ... Ratio deriving unit 220 ... Opening / closing detection unit

Claims (4)

車両内に送出する空気の流量を調整する流量調整部と、
前記流量調整部に導入される空気の流量のうち、前記車両外の空気の流量である外気導入量と前記車両内の空気の流量である内気導入量との割合を調整する割合調整部と、
前記車両に乗車している乗客の人数を推定する人数推定部と、
推定された前記乗客の人数に基づいて前記外気導入量を導出する導入量導出部と、
前記車両内の温度である内気温および前記車両外の温度である外気温を測定する温度測定部と、
前記推定された乗客の人数と測定された前記内気温および前記外気温とに基づいて、前記車両内の熱負荷を導出する熱負荷導出部と、
導出された前記外気導入量と導出された前記車両内の熱負荷とに基づいて、前記流量調整部が調整する空気の流量である送出流量、および前記割合調整部が調整する外気導入量と内気導入量との割合である導入量割合とを導出する割合導出部と、
を備えることを特徴とする車両用空調装置。
A flow rate adjusting unit for adjusting the flow rate of air sent into the vehicle;
A ratio adjusting unit that adjusts a ratio between an outside air introduction amount that is a flow rate of air outside the vehicle and an inside air introduction amount that is a flow rate of air inside the vehicle, among the flow rates of air introduced into the flow rate adjustment unit,
A number estimating unit for estimating the number of passengers in the vehicle;
An introduction amount deriving unit for deriving the outside air introduction amount based on the estimated number of passengers;
A temperature measuring unit that measures an inside air temperature that is a temperature inside the vehicle and an outside air temperature that is a temperature outside the vehicle;
A heat load deriving unit for deriving a heat load in the vehicle based on the estimated number of passengers and the measured inside air temperature and outside air temperature;
Based on the derived outside air introduction amount and the derived thermal load in the vehicle, the delivery flow rate, which is the flow rate of air adjusted by the flow rate adjusting unit, and the outside air introduction amount and inside air adjusted by the rate adjusting unit. A ratio deriving unit for deriving an introduction amount ratio that is a ratio of the introduction amount;
A vehicle air conditioner comprising:
前記車両の台車と、該台車の上に設置される車体との間に設けられ、該台車から該車体へ伝達される振動を抑制する空気バネの内圧を測定する内圧測定部をさらに備え、
前記人数推定部は、測定された前記空気バネの内圧に基づいて、前記車両に乗車している乗客の重量を導出して、乗客の人数を推定することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の車両用空調装置。
An internal pressure measurement unit that measures an internal pressure of an air spring that is provided between the carriage of the vehicle and a vehicle body installed on the carriage and suppresses vibration transmitted from the carriage to the vehicle body;
The said number of persons estimation part derives | leads-out the weight of the passenger who has boarded the said vehicle based on the measured internal pressure of the said air spring, and estimates the number of passengers. Vehicle air conditioner.
乗客が乗降するドアの開閉を検知する開閉検知部をさらに備え、
前記開閉検知部が、前記ドアが開から閉になったことを検知したことを契機に、前記導入量導出部は前記外気導入量を導出し、前記熱負荷導出部は前記車両内の熱負荷を導出することを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の車両用空調装置。
It further includes an opening / closing detection unit that detects opening / closing of a door on which passengers get on and off,
The introduction amount deriving unit derives the outside air introduction amount, and the thermal load deriving unit is a thermal load in the vehicle, when the opening / closing detection unit detects that the door is closed from the open state. The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the vehicle air conditioner is derived.
車両用空調装置を用いた空調方法であって、
車両に乗車している乗客の人数を推定し、
推定した前記乗客の人数に基づいて、前記車両用空調装置に導入される前記車両外の空気の流量である外気導入量を導出し、
前記車両内の温度である内気温および前記車両外の温度である外気温を測定し、
前記推定した乗客の人数と、測定された前記内気温および前記外気温とに基づいて、前記車両内の熱負荷を導出し、
導出した前記外気導入量および導出した前記車両内の熱負荷に基づいて、前記車両用空調装置が送出する空気の流量である送出流量、および前記外気導入量と前記車両内から導入される空気の流量である内気導入量との割合である導入量割合を導出し、
導出した前記導入量割合で、前記車両用空調装置に導入される空気の流量のうち、前記外気導入量と前記内気導入量との割合を調整し、
導出した前記送出流量で前記車両内に空気を送出することを特徴とする空調方法。
An air conditioning method using a vehicle air conditioner,
Estimate the number of passengers on the vehicle,
Based on the estimated number of passengers, an outside air introduction amount that is a flow rate of air outside the vehicle introduced into the vehicle air conditioner is derived,
Measure the inside air temperature that is the temperature inside the vehicle and the outside air temperature that is the temperature outside the vehicle,
Based on the estimated number of passengers and the measured inside air temperature and outside air temperature, the thermal load in the vehicle is derived,
Based on the derived outside air introduction amount and the derived thermal load in the vehicle, the delivery flow rate that is the flow rate of air delivered by the vehicle air conditioner, and the outside air introduction amount and the air introduced from inside the vehicle Deriving the introduction amount ratio that is the ratio with the inside air introduction amount that is the flow rate,
The ratio of the outside air introduction amount and the inside air introduction amount in the flow rate of air introduced into the vehicle air conditioner is adjusted with the derived introduction amount ratio,
An air conditioning method, wherein air is sent into the vehicle at the delivery flow rate derived.
JP2010250534A 2010-11-09 2010-11-09 Air conditioner for vehicle and air-conditioning method Pending JP2012101626A (en)

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