JP2011117015A - Method for desulfurizing molten pig iron - Google Patents

Method for desulfurizing molten pig iron Download PDF

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JP2011117015A
JP2011117015A JP2009273323A JP2009273323A JP2011117015A JP 2011117015 A JP2011117015 A JP 2011117015A JP 2009273323 A JP2009273323 A JP 2009273323A JP 2009273323 A JP2009273323 A JP 2009273323A JP 2011117015 A JP2011117015 A JP 2011117015A
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gas
hot metal
desulfurization
desulfurizing agent
molten pig
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JP5609081B2 (en
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Maki Iwaasa
麻希 岩浅
Naoki Kikuchi
直樹 菊池
Goro Okuyama
悟郎 奥山
Yuichi Uchida
祐一 内田
Yasuo Kishimoto
康夫 岸本
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JFE Steel Corp
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JFE Steel Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for desulfurizing molten pig iron, which efficiently adds a fine granular desulfurizing agent having excellent reactivity by suppressing scattering of the desulfurizing agent and at the same time efficiently decreases oxygen potential of the molten pig, thereby stably and efficiently desulfurizing the molten pig iron, in the desulfurization treatment of the molten pig iron by adding the desulfurizing agent from a top-blowing lance to the molten pig iron in a top-blowing manner, the molten pig iron being stirred with a mechanical stirring type desulfurizing apparatus. <P>SOLUTION: In the method for desulfurizing the molten pig iron 3 by using the mechanical stirring type desulfurizing apparatus, the desulfurizing agent together with gas for conveyance are added from the end part of the top-blowing lance 5 having multi-tube structure to the bath surface of the molten pig iron in a top-blown manner, the molten pig iron being stirred with an impeller 4, and also one or two or more kinds of gases among reducing gas, inert gas and non-oxidizing gas, are simultaneously sprayed toward the bath surface of the molten pig iron from a section of the end part of the top-blowing lance 5 provided in the outer circumference of a section for top-blowing the desulfurizing agent, and thus the desulfurization treatment is performed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、機械攪拌式脱硫装置を用いた溶銑の脱硫方法に関し、詳しくは、脱硫反応を促進して効率良く溶銑を脱硫する方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a hot metal desulfurization method using a mechanical stirring desulfurization apparatus, and more particularly to a method for efficiently desulfurizing hot metal by promoting a desulfurization reaction.

高炉から出銑された溶銑には、鋼の品質に悪影響を及ぼす燐(元素記号:P)、硫黄(元素記号:S)が高濃度に含有されており、これらを除去する種々の技術が開発されている。今日の鉄鋼精錬プロセスにおいては、転炉での脱炭精錬に先立って溶銑に含有される燐及び硫黄を予め除去する方法、所謂、「溶銑の予備処理」が一般的に行われている。このうち、溶銑の脱硫処理は、水平断面がほぼ円形を有する精錬容器に溶銑を保持し、脱硫剤を溶銑上に添加し、インペラー(「攪拌羽根」、「攪拌翼」とも呼ぶ)と称する、羽根を有する回転子を溶銑内に浸漬して回転させ、溶銑及び脱硫剤を攪拌して脱硫する方法(以下、「機械攪拌式脱硫法」という)が広く行われている。この機械攪拌式脱硫法においては安価なCaO(石灰)を主成分とする脱硫剤が用いられている。   The hot metal discharged from the blast furnace contains high concentrations of phosphorus (element symbol: P) and sulfur (element symbol: S), which adversely affect steel quality, and various technologies have been developed to remove them. Has been. In today's steel refining process, a method of previously removing phosphorus and sulfur contained in hot metal prior to decarburization refining in a converter, so-called “pretreatment of hot metal” is generally performed. Among these, the hot metal desulfurization treatment holds the hot metal in a refining vessel having a substantially circular horizontal cross section, adds a desulfurizing agent onto the hot metal, and is called an impeller (also referred to as “stirring blade” or “stirring blade”). A method (hereinafter referred to as “mechanical stirring type desulfurization method”) in which a rotor having blades is immersed in hot metal and rotated, and the hot metal and the desulfurizing agent are stirred and desulfurized is widely used. In this mechanical stirring desulfurization method, an inexpensive desulfurization agent mainly composed of CaO (lime) is used.

CaOによる溶鉄の脱硫反応は、一般的に下記の(1)式で表される。
[S]+(CaO)=(CaS)+[O] …(1)
(1)式において、[S]は溶鉄中の硫黄、(CaO)はスラグ中の酸化カルシウム、(CaS)はスラグ中の硫化カルシウム、[O]は溶鉄中の酸素を示す。(1)式の反応を進めて脱硫を促進させるには、還元雰囲気にして溶鉄中の酸素ポテンシャルを低下させることが有効であることが分かる。
The desulfurization reaction of molten iron with CaO is generally represented by the following formula (1).
[S] + (CaO) = (CaS) + [O] (1)
In the formula (1), [S] represents sulfur in the molten iron, (CaO) represents calcium oxide in the slag, (CaS) represents calcium sulfide in the slag, and [O] represents oxygen in the molten iron. It can be seen that reducing the oxygen potential in the molten iron in a reducing atmosphere is effective for promoting the reaction of formula (1) to promote desulfurization.

これを実現させる技術として、特許文献1には、機械攪拌による溶銑脱硫において、脱硫剤を上吹きランスを介して、炭化水素ガスなどの還元性ガスやArガスなどの不活性ガスからなる搬送用ガスとともに溶銑浴面に上吹き添加して脱硫する方法が開示されている。また特許文献2には、機械攪拌による溶銑脱硫において、水素ガスまたは分解して水素ガスを発生する炭化水素ガスを含むガスを溶銑湯面に吹き付け、溶銑湯面に前記ガスの吹き付けによる所定量の凹みを形成させながら脱硫する方法が開示されている。   As a technique for realizing this, Patent Document 1 discloses that in hot metal desulfurization by mechanical stirring, a desulfurizing agent is conveyed through an upper blowing lance and is made of a reducing gas such as hydrocarbon gas or an inert gas such as Ar gas. A method is disclosed in which desulfurization is performed by adding the gas on the hot metal bath surface together with gas. Patent Document 2 discloses that in hot metal desulfurization by mechanical stirring, hydrogen gas or a gas containing hydrocarbon gas that is decomposed to generate hydrogen gas is sprayed on the hot metal surface, and a predetermined amount of the gas is sprayed on the hot metal surface. A method of desulfurization while forming a recess is disclosed.

特開2005−179690号公報JP 2005-179690 A 特開2003−166009号公報JP 2003-166209 A

しかしながら、上記従来技術には以下の問題点がある。   However, the above prior art has the following problems.

即ち、特許文献1に開示されるように、脱硫剤を上吹きランスを介して搬送用ガスとともに上吹き添加する方法は、従来の上置き添加方法に比較すると、粉状の脱硫剤を溶銑に効率良く添加することができるが、上吹きするガス噴流の外側は減衰するので脱硫剤が浴面に到達する前に飛散して、集塵機に吸引されてしまい、結果的に脱硫剤の歩留りが低下し、脱硫効率が期待されるほど向上しないという問題点がある。つまり、上吹きランスを用いた上吹き添加方法は優れる方法であるが、更なる改良が必要である。   That is, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, the method of adding the desulfurizing agent together with the carrier gas through the upper blowing lance is a method in which the powdered desulfurizing agent is used as hot metal as compared with the conventional addition method. Although it can be added efficiently, the outside of the gas jet that blows up attenuates, so the desulfurizing agent scatters before reaching the bath surface and is sucked into the dust collector, resulting in a decrease in the yield of the desulfurizing agent. However, there is a problem that the desulfurization efficiency is not improved as expected. That is, the top blowing addition method using a top blowing lance is an excellent method, but further improvement is required.

特許文献2は、溶銑の酸素ポテンシャルを低下させて脱硫反応を促進させる手段としては優れているが、粉状の脱硫剤を添加しようとする場合には、水素ガスまたは炭化水素ガスを含有するガスを吹き込むための上吹きランス以外に、脱硫剤を上吹き添加するための上吹きランスが別途必要となり、設備費が嵩むのみならず、設備が煩雑になるという問題点がある。   Patent Document 2 is excellent as a means for promoting the desulfurization reaction by lowering the oxygen potential of hot metal, but in the case of adding a powdery desulfurizing agent, a gas containing hydrogen gas or hydrocarbon gas. In addition to the top blowing lance for blowing in, a top blowing lance for adding the desulfurizing agent to the top blowing is separately required, which not only increases the equipment cost but also makes the equipment complicated.

本発明は上記事情に鑑みてなされたもので、その目的とするところは、機械攪拌式脱硫装置で攪拌されている溶銑に上吹きランスから脱硫剤を上吹き添加して溶銑を脱硫処理する際に、脱硫剤の飛散を抑制して、反応性に優れる細粒の脱硫剤を効率良く溶銑中へ添加すると同時に、溶銑の酸素ポテンシャルを効率良く低下させて、溶銑を安定して効率的に脱硫する方法を提供することである。   The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and the object of the present invention is to desulfurize the hot metal by adding a desulfurizing agent from the top blowing lance to the hot metal being stirred by a mechanical stirring desulfurization apparatus. In addition, the dispersion of the desulfurization agent is suppressed, and a fine desulfurization agent with excellent reactivity is efficiently added to the hot metal, and at the same time, the oxygen potential of the hot metal is efficiently reduced to stably desulfurize the hot metal. Is to provide a way to do.

上記課題を解決するための第1の発明に係る溶銑の脱硫方法は、機械攪拌式脱硫装置を用いた溶銑の脱硫方法において、インペラーによって攪拌されている溶銑の浴面上に、多重管構造である上吹きランスの先端部から搬送用ガスとともに脱硫剤を上吹き添加するとともに、脱硫剤を上吹きする部位の外周に設けた前記上吹きランス先端部の部位から、還元性ガス、不活性ガス、非酸化性ガスの内の何れか1種または2種以上のガスを溶銑浴面に向けて同時に吹き付けて脱硫処理を行うことを特徴とする。   The hot metal desulfurization method according to the first aspect of the present invention for solving the above problems is a hot metal desulfurization method using a mechanical stirring desulfurization device, wherein the hot metal bath surface stirred by an impeller has a multi-tube structure. A desulfurizing agent is added by blowing up from the tip of a certain upper blowing lance together with a carrier gas, and a reducing gas and an inert gas are introduced from the tip of the upper blowing lance provided on the outer periphery of the portion where the desulfurizing agent is blown up. The desulfurization treatment is performed by simultaneously blowing any one or more of the non-oxidizing gases toward the hot metal bath surface.

第2の発明に係る溶銑の脱硫方法は、第1の発明において、脱硫剤を上吹きする部位の外周に設けた部位から吹き込むガスが、炭化水素ガスまたは水素ガスであることを特徴とする。   The hot metal desulfurization method according to the second invention is characterized in that, in the first invention, the gas blown from the portion provided on the outer periphery of the portion where the desulfurizing agent is blown up is hydrocarbon gas or hydrogen gas.

第3の発明に係る溶銑の脱硫方法は、第1または第2の発明において、前記上吹きランスは鉛直方向下方を向いて配置され、溶銑を収容する処理容器の内壁半径をD(m)、処理容器の中心から前記上吹きランス中心までの水平距離をA(m)としたときに、該水平距離(A)が、前記内壁半径(D)に対して下記の(2)式の関係を満足する範囲内であることを特徴とする。
0≦A≦(2/3)×D…(2)
In the hot metal desulfurization method according to the third invention, in the first or second invention, the upper blowing lance is arranged facing downward in the vertical direction, and the inner wall radius of the processing vessel for containing the hot metal is D (m), When the horizontal distance from the center of the processing container to the center of the upper blowing lance is A (m), the horizontal distance (A) has the relationship of the following equation (2) with respect to the inner wall radius (D). It is in the range which satisfies.
0 ≦ A ≦ (2/3) × D (2)

本発明によれば、反応性に優れる細粒の脱硫剤を搬送用ガスとともに上吹きランスの先端から上吹き添加して溶銑を脱硫処理する際に、脱硫剤の吹き付け部位よりも外周の上吹きランス先端の部位からガスを溶銑浴面に向けて吹き付けるので、このガスによるガスカーテン効果によって内側から吹き付ける脱硫剤の飛散が抑制され、脱硫剤の添加歩留まりが向上して脱硫反応が促進され、少ない脱硫剤で所望する脱硫処理が実施可能となる。その結果、脱硫剤原単位の削減、これに伴う発生スラグ量の削減などが達成され、工業上有益な効果がもたらされる。   According to the present invention, when desulfurizing the hot metal by adding the fine desulfurization agent having excellent reactivity together with the carrier gas from the tip of the upper blowing lance to desulfurize the hot metal, the upper blowing of the outer periphery of the desulfurizing agent is performed. Since the gas is blown from the tip of the lance toward the hot metal bath surface, the gas curtain effect of this gas suppresses the scattering of the desulfurizing agent sprayed from the inside, improves the addition yield of the desulfurizing agent, promotes the desulfurization reaction, and less The desired desulfurization treatment can be performed with the desulfurization agent. As a result, a reduction in the desulfurization agent basic unit and a reduction in the amount of generated slag associated therewith are achieved, and an industrially beneficial effect is brought about.

水モデル実験装置において、二重管構造の上吹きランスから吹き込む脱硫剤の飛散量を測定した結果を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the result of having measured the scattering amount of the desulfurization agent blown from the upper blowing lance of a double pipe structure in a water model experiment apparatus. 機械攪拌式脱硫装置を模擬した実験装置の概略図である。It is the schematic of the experimental apparatus which simulated the mechanical stirring desulfurization apparatus. 水モデル実験装置において、浴内の鉛直方向の流れとその流速値とを計測した結果を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the result of having measured the flow of the perpendicular direction in a bath, and its flow velocity value in a water model experiment apparatus. 本発明を実施した機械攪拌式脱硫装置の側面概略図である。1 is a schematic side view of a mechanical stirring desulfurization apparatus embodying the present invention.

以下、本発明を具体的に説明する。先ず、本発明に至った経緯について説明する。   Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described. First, the background to the present invention will be described.

本発明者らは、機械攪拌式脱硫装置を用いた溶銑の脱硫処理において、細粒の脱硫剤を歩留まり良く溶銑に添加する方法を種々検討・研究した。その結果、特許文献1に開示された、脱硫剤を搬送用ガスとともに上吹きランスから上吹き添加する方法が格段に添加歩留りが向上し、脱硫率が向上することを確認した。   The present inventors have studied and studied various methods for adding a fine-grained desulfurizing agent to hot metal with high yield in hot metal desulfurization using a mechanical stirring type desulfurization apparatus. As a result, it was confirmed that the method of adding a desulfurizing agent from a top blowing lance together with a carrier gas, which was disclosed in Patent Document 1, significantly improved the addition yield and the desulfurization rate.

しかしながら、実機における試験結果から、上吹きランスを介して搬送用ガスとともに脱硫剤を供給する場合に、上吹きガス噴流の周囲で脱硫剤の飛散が確認され、脱硫剤の歩留りが低下していることが分かった。つまり、上吹きランスを介した上吹き添加方法であっても、いまだ改善する余地のあることが分かった。   However, when the desulfurization agent is supplied together with the carrier gas through the top blowing lance from the test results in the actual machine, scattering of the desulfurization agent is confirmed around the top blowing gas jet, and the yield of the desulfurization agent is reduced. I understood that. That is, it has been found that there is still room for improvement even with the top blowing addition method via the top blowing lance.

そこで、本発明者らは、上吹きランスを介した上吹き添加脱硫方法において、脱硫剤の更なる歩留り向上を目的として検討・研究を実施した。この検討・研究過程で、搬送用ガスとともに上吹き添加する脱硫剤の飛散量を少なくするためには、脱硫剤を添加する上吹きランスを多重管構造として、内部側で脱硫剤を吹き込み、その外周側でガスを吹き込むことで、外周側のガスによるガスカーテン効果により、内部側の脱硫剤の飛散を抑制することができるという考えに至った。   Therefore, the present inventors have studied and studied for the purpose of further improving the yield of the desulfurizing agent in the method of desulfurization by addition of top blowing through a top blowing lance. In this examination and research process, in order to reduce the scattering amount of the desulfurizing agent to be added with the carrier gas, the upper blowing lance to which the desulfurizing agent is added has a multi-tube structure, and the desulfurizing agent is blown on the inner side. It came to the idea that by blowing gas on the outer peripheral side, scattering of the desulfurization agent on the inner side can be suppressed by the gas curtain effect by the gas on the outer peripheral side.

そこで先ず、機械攪拌式脱硫装置の水モデル実験装置において、内管及び外管からなる二重管構造の上吹きランスを用いて、内管には脱硫剤を窒素ガスともに流し、外管(正確には内管と外管との間隙)には窒素ガスのみを流し、これらを水面に向けて鉛直方向から噴射し、周囲に飛散する脱硫剤の量を測定した。具体的には、集塵機に回収される排ガス中のダスト濃度を測定し、排ガス中のダスト濃度から周囲に飛散する脱硫剤の量を測定した。測定結果を図1に示す。図1に示すように、外管からもガスを吹き付けた場合には、脱硫剤の飛散量が著しく減少することが分かった。   Therefore, first, in a water model experimental apparatus of a mechanical stirring type desulfurization apparatus, a desulfurizing agent is flowed together with nitrogen gas into the inner pipe using a double-blow structure top lance consisting of an inner pipe and an outer pipe, and the outer pipe (exactly In this case, only nitrogen gas was allowed to flow through the gap between the inner tube and the outer tube, and these were injected from the vertical direction toward the water surface, and the amount of the desulfurizing agent scattered around was measured. Specifically, the dust concentration in the exhaust gas collected by the dust collector was measured, and the amount of the desulfurizing agent scattered around from the dust concentration in the exhaust gas was measured. The measurement results are shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, it was found that the amount of desulfurization agent was significantly reduced when gas was also blown from the outer tube.

更に、機械攪拌式脱硫装置を模擬した実験装置を用いて、多重管式上吹きランスを用いた場合の脱硫挙動を調査した。図2に、機械攪拌式脱硫装置を模擬した実験装置の概略図を示す。   Furthermore, the desulfurization behavior when a multi-tube top blowing lance was used was investigated using an experimental apparatus simulating a mechanical stirring desulfurization apparatus. FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of an experimental apparatus simulating a mechanical stirring desulfurization apparatus.

実験装置は高周波加熱コイル14を備えており、高周波加熱コイル14によって加熱され溶融した、内壁半径(D)が150mmの坩堝容器10に保持された溶銑3に、インペラー12を浸漬させ、電動機13によってインペラー12を回転させて溶銑3を攪拌した。溶銑3の攪拌が定常状態になった後、溶銑3の浴面上方に設置した、内管及び外管からなる二重管構造の上吹きランス11の内管から、窒素ガスを搬送用ガスとしてCaOを主成分とする脱硫剤を溶銑浴面に上吹き添加すると同時に、上吹きランス11の外管(外管と内管との間隙)から窒素ガスを溶銑浴面に吹き付けた。上吹きランス11の設置位置は、坩堝容器10の中心位置からの水平距離が80mmの位置に固定した。   The experimental apparatus includes a high-frequency heating coil 14. The impeller 12 is immersed in the hot metal 3 held in the crucible container 10 having an inner wall radius (D) of 150 mm, which is heated and melted by the high-frequency heating coil 14. The impeller 12 was rotated to stir the hot metal 3. After stirring of the hot metal 3 is in a steady state, nitrogen gas is used as a carrier gas from the inner pipe of the upper blow lance 11 having a double pipe structure including an inner pipe and an outer pipe installed above the bath surface of the hot metal 3. A desulfurizing agent containing CaO as a main component was blown onto the hot metal bath surface, and at the same time, nitrogen gas was blown onto the hot metal bath surface from the outer tube of the upper blow lance 11 (the gap between the outer tube and the inner tube). The installation position of the top blowing lance 11 was fixed at a position where the horizontal distance from the center position of the crucible container 10 was 80 mm.

その結果、外管から窒素ガスの吹き付けを行わない場合に比較して、外管から窒素ガスを脱硫剤の吹き付けと同時に行った場合に、脱硫効率が向上することが分かった。外管から吹き付けるガスは、脱硫反応が還元反応であることから、酸素ガスを含有しないガスであれば、つまり、還元性ガス、不活性ガス、非酸化性ガスの内の何れかであれば、問題ないことも分かった。当然これらのガスを混合しても全く問題ないことも分かった。還元性ガスとしては、炭化水素ガス、水素ガス、COガスなど、不活性ガスとしてはArガスなどの希ガス、非酸化性ガスとしては窒素ガスなどが挙げられる。   As a result, it was found that the desulfurization efficiency was improved when nitrogen gas was blown from the outer pipe at the same time as blowing the desulfurizing agent, compared with the case where nitrogen gas was not blown from the outer pipe. Since the desulfurization reaction is a reduction reaction, the gas blown from the outer tube is a gas that does not contain oxygen gas, that is, any of reducing gas, inert gas, and non-oxidizing gas, I found that there was no problem. Naturally, it was found that there is no problem even if these gases are mixed. Examples of the reducing gas include hydrocarbon gas, hydrogen gas, and CO gas, examples of the inert gas include rare gases such as Ar gas, and examples of the non-oxidizing gas include nitrogen gas.

また、これらのガス種のなかでも、炭化水素ガスまたは水素ガスを外管から吹き込んだ場合に最も脱硫効率が向上することが分かった。これは、以下の理由によるものである。即ち、外周のガスを炭化水素ガスまたは水素ガスにすることで、これらのガスは雰囲気中の酸素ガス或いは溶銑中の酸素と反応する。その結果、雰囲気が還元性となって脱硫反応が促進されるからである。更には、炭化水素ガスや水素ガスの燃焼によって脱硫剤が溶銑浴面上へ到達する間に加熱されるので、脱硫剤の滓化が促進されるのみならず、脱硫剤顕熱による溶銑温度の降下が抑制されて、脱硫効率を向上させるからである。   Further, among these gas species, it was found that the desulfurization efficiency is most improved when hydrocarbon gas or hydrogen gas is blown from the outer pipe. This is due to the following reason. That is, by making the gas around the periphery hydrocarbon gas or hydrogen gas, these gases react with oxygen gas in the atmosphere or oxygen in the hot metal. As a result, the atmosphere becomes reducible and the desulfurization reaction is promoted. Furthermore, since the desulfurization agent is heated while reaching the hot metal bath surface by combustion of hydrocarbon gas or hydrogen gas, not only the hatching of the desulfurization agent is promoted, but also the hot metal temperature due to the sensible heat of the desulfurization agent is increased. This is because the descent is suppressed and the desulfurization efficiency is improved.

また更に、実機における試験結果から、上吹きランスを介して搬送用ガスとともに脱硫剤を供給する場合には、脱硫剤の吹き付け位置に応じて脱硫率が大きく変化することを知見した。この原因を種々追究した結果、機械攪拌浴内の流動が大きく影響していることを確認した。   Furthermore, from the test results in the actual machine, it was found that when the desulfurization agent is supplied together with the carrier gas via the top blowing lance, the desulfurization rate varies greatly depending on the spraying position of the desulfurization agent. As a result of various investigations of this cause, it was confirmed that the flow in the mechanical stirring bath had a great influence.

そこで、容器内径が150mmの機械攪拌式脱硫装置の水モデル実験装置を用いて、機械攪拌時の浴内流動を定量的に求めた。水モデル実験装置において、機械攪拌時の鉛直方向の流れとその流速値とを計測した結果、図3に示すように、容器中心から水平距離が100mmの位置、つまり容器半径の2/3の位置より内側では、浴面及び浴内での流れが下向きになっているのに対し、それより外側では流れが上向きになっていることが分かった。   Therefore, the flow in the bath at the time of mechanical stirring was quantitatively determined using a water model experimental apparatus of a mechanical stirring type desulfurization apparatus having an inner diameter of 150 mm. In the water model experimental apparatus, as a result of measuring the vertical flow and the flow velocity value at the time of mechanical stirring, as shown in FIG. 3, the horizontal distance from the container center is 100 mm, that is, 2/3 of the container radius. It was found that on the inner side, the flow on the bath surface and in the bath was downward, whereas on the outer side, the flow was upward.

浴内流れが下向きの場合、つまり容器半径の2/3以内の位置で脱硫剤を上吹き添加する場合には、上吹きランスから吹き付けた脱硫剤は浴中に侵入してから下向き流れにのって浴内へ巻込まれて脱硫反応が進むのに対し、浴内流れが上向きの場合、つまり容器半径の2/3より外側の位置で脱硫剤を上吹き添加する場合には、吹き付けた脱硫剤はいちど浴内へ侵入するものの上向き流れにのって浴面上へ浮上することとなり、脱硫反応が抑制されてしまう。   When the flow in the bath is downward, that is, when the desulfurization agent is added by blowing up at a position within 2/3 of the radius of the vessel, the desulfurization agent blown from the upper blow lance enters the bath and then flows downward. In the case where the desulfurization reaction proceeds while being entrained in the bath, when the flow in the bath is upward, that is, when the desulfurizing agent is added at a position outside 2/3 of the vessel radius, The agent once enters the bath and floats on the bath surface along the upward flow, and the desulfurization reaction is suppressed.

また、外管から炭化水素ガスまたは水素ガスを吹き付ける場合にも、上吹きランスからの噴流の溶銑浴面への衝突位置は処理容器半径の2/3以内の位置であることが望ましい。これは、炭化水素ガスまたは水素ガスが効率良く溶銑中に侵入して溶銑中酸素と反応するためには、上吹きランスからの噴流の衝突位置が、浴内の鉛直下向き方向流れが大きい部位であるほど浴内に広く分散して溶銑の脱酸が促進されるからである。   Also, when hydrocarbon gas or hydrogen gas is blown from the outer tube, the collision position of the jet flow from the upper blowing lance to the hot metal bath surface is preferably within 2/3 of the radius of the processing vessel. This is because in order for hydrocarbon gas or hydrogen gas to enter the hot metal efficiently and react with the oxygen in the hot metal, the collision position of the jet from the upper blowing lance is at a part where the vertical downward flow in the bath is large. This is because the more widely dispersed in the bath, the more the deoxidation of the hot metal is promoted.

つまり、上吹きランスを鉛直下向き方向に配置したときには、上吹きランスの設置位置を、下記の(2)式の関係を満足する範囲とするときに、高い脱硫率が得られることが分かった。
0≦A≦(2/3)×D…(2)
但し、(2)式において、Aは、処理容器の中心から上吹きランスの中心位置までの水平距離(m)、Dは、処理容器の内壁半径(m)である。
That is, it has been found that when the top blowing lance is arranged in the vertically downward direction, a high desulfurization rate can be obtained when the installation position of the top blowing lance is within a range that satisfies the relationship of the following equation (2).
0 ≦ A ≦ (2/3) × D (2)
However, in the formula (2), A is a horizontal distance (m) from the center of the processing container to the center position of the upper blowing lance, and D is an inner wall radius (m) of the processing container.

本発明は、これらの試験結果に基づくものであり、機械攪拌式脱硫装置を用いた溶銑の脱硫方法において、インペラーによって攪拌されている溶銑の浴面上に、多重管構造である上吹きランスの先端部から搬送用ガスとともに脱硫剤を上吹き添加するとともに、脱硫剤を上吹きする部位の外周に設けた前記上吹きランス先端部の部位から、還元性ガス、不活性ガス、非酸化性ガスの内の何れか1種または2種以上のガスを溶銑浴面に向けて同時に吹き付けて脱硫処理を行うことを特徴とする。   The present invention is based on these test results. In the hot metal desulfurization method using the mechanical stirring desulfurization apparatus, the top lance having a multi-tube structure is formed on the bath surface of the hot metal being stirred by the impeller. A desulfurizing agent is added by blowing up from the tip together with the carrier gas, and a reducing gas, an inert gas, and a non-oxidizing gas are introduced from the tip of the top blowing lance provided on the outer periphery of the portion where the desulfurizing agent is blown up. The desulfurization treatment is performed by spraying any one or more of these gases simultaneously toward the hot metal bath surface.

次に、図面を参照して本発明に係る溶銑の脱硫処理方法を説明する。   Next, the hot metal desulfurization method according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

図4は、本発明を実施した機械攪拌式脱硫装置の側面概略図であり、図4は、溶銑を収容する処理容器として水平断面が円形である鍋型の溶銑鍋を使用した例を示している。処理容器の形状については、機械攪拌式脱硫装置で脱硫処理を行うことから、図4に示すように水平断面が円形である処理容器が最適である。   FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of a mechanical stirring desulfurization apparatus embodying the present invention, and FIG. 4 shows an example in which a pan-type hot metal ladle having a circular horizontal cross section is used as a processing container for containing hot metal. Yes. Regarding the shape of the processing vessel, since the desulfurization treatment is performed by a mechanical stirring type desulfurization apparatus, a processing vessel having a circular horizontal cross section as shown in FIG. 4 is optimal.

図4において、高炉から出銑された溶銑3を収容する溶銑鍋2が、台車1に搭載されて機械攪拌式脱硫装置に搬入されている。機械攪拌式脱硫装置は、溶銑鍋2に収容された溶銑3に浸漬・埋没し、旋回して溶銑3を攪拌するための耐火物製のインペラー4を備えており、このインペラー4は、昇降装置(図示せず)によってほぼ鉛直方向に昇降し、且つ、回転装置(図示せず)によって軸4aを回転軸として旋回するようになっている。また、機械攪拌式脱硫装置には、溶銑3の上方に、脱硫剤6を溶銑鍋2に収容された溶銑3に向けて上吹きして添加すると同時に、この脱硫剤6の噴流の外周にガスカーテン用のガスを溶銑3に向けて吹き付けるための、内管及び外管からなる二重管構造の上吹きランス5がほぼ鉛直方向下方を向いて設置されている。   In FIG. 4, a hot metal ladle 2 containing hot metal 3 discharged from a blast furnace is mounted on a carriage 1 and carried into a mechanical stirring desulfurization apparatus. The mechanical stirring type desulfurization apparatus is equipped with a refractory impeller 4 which is immersed and buried in a hot metal 3 accommodated in a hot metal ladle 2 and swirls to stir the hot metal 3. The impeller 4 is a lifting device. (Not shown) is moved up and down in a substantially vertical direction, and is rotated about a shaft 4a as a rotation axis by a rotating device (not shown). Further, in the mechanical stirring type desulfurization apparatus, the desulfurizing agent 6 is added by blowing upward toward the hot metal 3 accommodated in the hot metal ladle 2 above the hot metal 3, and at the same time, a gas is formed on the outer periphery of the jet of the desulfurizing agent 6. An upper blowing lance 5 having a double pipe structure consisting of an inner pipe and an outer pipe for blowing a curtain gas toward the hot metal 3 is disposed substantially downward in the vertical direction.

上吹きランス5の内管は、粉体状の脱硫剤6を収容するディスペンサー7とディスペンサー7から定量切り出すための切り出し装置8とからなる供給装置と接続しており、上吹きランス5の内管から、搬送用ガスとともに、粉体状の脱硫剤6を任意のタイミングで供給できる構造になっており、また、上吹きランス5の外管は、還元性ガス、不活性ガス、非酸化性ガスの何れか1種または2種以上を供給するための供給管と接続しており、上吹きランス5の外管と内管との環状の間隙から、任意のタイミングで前記ガスをガスカーテン用ガスとして供給できる構造になっている。脱硫剤6の搬送用ガスとしては、還元性ガス、不活性ガスまたは非酸化性ガスを使用する。   The inner tube of the upper blowing lance 5 is connected to a supply device comprising a dispenser 7 that contains the powdered desulfurizing agent 6 and a cutting device 8 for quantitatively cutting out from the dispenser 7. Therefore, the powdered desulfurizing agent 6 can be supplied together with the carrier gas at an arbitrary timing, and the outer tube of the top blowing lance 5 includes a reducing gas, an inert gas, and a non-oxidizing gas. Is connected to a supply pipe for supplying one or more of the above, and the gas is supplied to the gas curtain gas at an arbitrary timing from an annular gap between the outer pipe and the inner pipe of the upper blowing lance 5. It has a structure that can be supplied as. As the carrier gas for the desulfurizing agent 6, a reducing gas, an inert gas or a non-oxidizing gas is used.

また、溶銑鍋2の上方位置には、溶銑鍋2を覆う集塵フード9が備えられ、集塵フード9に取り付けられた排気ダクト(図示せず)を介して処理中の排ガスやダストが集塵機(図示せず)に吸引されるようになっている。この場合、インペラー4の軸4a、上吹きランス5は、集塵フード9を貫通し且つ上下移動が可能なように設置されている。   Further, a dust collecting hood 9 that covers the hot metal ladle 2 is provided above the hot metal ladle 2, and exhaust gas and dust being processed are collected through an exhaust duct (not shown) attached to the dust collecting hood 9. (Not shown). In this case, the shaft 4a of the impeller 4 and the upper blowing lance 5 are installed so as to penetrate the dust collection hood 9 and move up and down.

インペラー4の位置が溶銑鍋2のほぼ中心になるように、溶銑鍋2を搭載した台車1の位置を調整し、次いで、インペラー4を下降させて溶銑3に浸漬させる。インペラー4が溶銑3に浸漬したならば、インペラー4の旋回を開始し、所定の回転数まで昇速する。インペラー4の回転数が所定の回転数に達したならば、切り出し装置8を起動させて、ディスペンサー7に収容された脱硫剤6を、搬送用ガスとともに溶銑3の浴面に向けて上吹きランス5の内管から吹き付けて添加する。この脱硫剤6の吹き付け添加と同時に、上吹きランス5の外管から、ガスカーテン用ガスを溶銑浴面に供給する。ガスカーテン用ガスは、少なくとも脱硫剤6の上吹き添加の期間は吹き付けることとし、脱硫剤6の上吹き添加の以前からまたは以降も吹き付けても構わない。この場合に、上吹きランス5の位置は上記の(2)式を満足することが好ましい。   The position of the carriage 1 on which the hot metal ladle 2 is mounted is adjusted so that the position of the impeller 4 is substantially at the center of the hot metal ladle 2, and then the impeller 4 is lowered and immersed in the hot metal 3. If the impeller 4 is immersed in the hot metal 3, the impeller 4 starts to turn and the speed is increased to a predetermined rotational speed. When the rotational speed of the impeller 4 reaches a predetermined rotational speed, the cutting device 8 is started, and the desulfurizing agent 6 accommodated in the dispenser 7 is blown upward along with the conveying gas toward the bath surface of the hot metal 3. Add by spraying from 5 inner tube. Simultaneously with the spray addition of the desulfurizing agent 6, the gas curtain gas is supplied from the outer pipe of the upper blowing lance 5 to the hot metal bath surface. The gas curtain gas is blown at least during the period of the top blowing addition of the desulfurizing agent 6 and may be blown before or after the top blowing addition of the desulfurizing agent 6. In this case, it is preferable that the position of the top blowing lance 5 satisfies the above expression (2).

所定量の脱硫剤6を添加完了し、そして、所定時間の攪拌が行われたなら、インペラー4の回転数を減少させ停止させる。インペラー4の旋回が停止したなら、インペラー4を上昇させ、溶銑鍋2の上方に待機させる。生成したスラグが浮上して溶銑表面を覆い、静止した状態で溶銑3の脱硫処理が終了する。脱硫処理後、生成したスラグを溶銑鍋2から排出し、次の精錬工程に溶銑鍋2を搬送する。   When the addition of a predetermined amount of the desulfurizing agent 6 is completed and stirring is performed for a predetermined time, the rotational speed of the impeller 4 is decreased and stopped. If the turning of the impeller 4 is stopped, the impeller 4 is raised and waited above the hot metal ladle 2. The generated slag floats to cover the hot metal surface, and the desulfurization process of the hot metal 3 is completed in a stationary state. After the desulfurization treatment, the generated slag is discharged from the hot metal ladle 2 and conveyed to the next refining process.

以上説明したように、本発明によれば、反応性に優れる細粒の脱硫剤6を搬送用ガスとともに上吹きランス5の先端から上吹き添加する際に、脱硫剤6の吹き付け部位よりも外周の上吹きランス先端の部位からガスを吹き付けるので、このガスによるガスカーテン効果によって内側から吹き付ける脱硫剤6の飛散が抑制され、脱硫剤6の添加歩留まりが向上して脱硫反応が促進され、少ない脱硫剤6で所望する脱硫処理が実施可能となる。   As described above, according to the present invention, when the fine desulfurizing agent 6 having excellent reactivity is added from the front end of the top blowing lance 5 together with the carrier gas, the outer periphery of the desulfurizing agent 6 is more peripheral than the sprayed portion. Since the gas is blown from the tip of the top blowing lance, scattering of the desulfurizing agent 6 blown from the inside is suppressed by the gas curtain effect of this gas, the addition yield of the desulfurizing agent 6 is improved, the desulfurization reaction is promoted, and less desulfurization. The desired desulfurization treatment can be performed with the agent 6.

尚、上記説明では、上吹きランス5は二重管構造であるが、四重管構造として内部水冷型としても構わず、また、ガスカーテン用ガスを吹き込む部位が外管と内管との間隙部の環状であるが、丸孔のノズル形式、例えば、溶銑の脱炭精錬を行う転炉で使用される、中心部に主孔が配置され、その周期に複数の副孔が設置された上吹きランスのような形状としても構わない。   In the above description, the upper blow lance 5 has a double tube structure, but it may be an internal water-cooled type as a quadruple tube structure, and the portion for blowing the gas curtain gas is a gap between the outer tube and the inner tube. The main hole is arranged in the center and used in a round-hole nozzle type, for example, a converter for decarburizing and refining hot metal. A shape like a blow lance may be used.

図4に示す機械攪拌式脱硫装置を用い、脱硫剤としてCaO粉を使用して溶銑の脱硫処理を行った結果(本発明例1〜5及び比較例1、2)を示す。   The result (Invention Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2) of hot metal desulfurization treatment using CaO powder as a desulfurization agent using the mechanical stirring desulfurization apparatus shown in FIG. 4 is shown.

本発明例及び比較例ともに、脱硫剤の搬送用ガスとしては窒素ガスを使用し、インペラーは4枚の羽根を有し、羽根に傾斜のないものを使用した。用いた溶銑の化学成分は、C:3.5〜5.0質量%、Si:0.1〜0.3質量%、P:0.05〜0.15質量%、S:0.04〜0.05質量%で、溶銑温度は1250〜1350℃の範囲であった。脱硫処理は200〜500トンの溶銑が処理可能な、内壁半径が2000mmの溶銑鍋を処理容器として用いた。脱硫剤の溶銑トンあたりの添加量は本発明例及び比較例ともに一定とした。   In both the inventive examples and the comparative examples, nitrogen gas was used as the desulfurization agent conveying gas, and the impeller had four blades and the blades had no inclination. The chemical components of the hot metal used were C: 3.5 to 5.0 mass%, Si: 0.1 to 0.3 mass%, P: 0.05 to 0.15 mass%, S: 0.04 to At 0.05 mass%, the hot metal temperature was in the range of 1250 to 1350 ° C. In the desulfurization treatment, a hot metal ladle having an inner wall radius of 2000 mm, which can treat 200 to 500 tons of hot metal, was used as a treatment container. The amount of desulfurizing agent added per ton of molten iron was constant in both the inventive examples and the comparative examples.

本発明例1では、外管と内管との間隙から窒素ガスを吹き込み、本発明例2〜5では、外管と内管との間隙からプロパンガスを吹き込んで脱硫処理した。これに対して、比較例1では、外管と内管との間隙からはガスを吹き込まずに脱硫処理した。また、比較例2では、外管と内管との間隙からはガスを吹き込まず、別途設置したランスから溶銑浴面に向けてプロパンガスを吹き付けながら脱硫処理した。上吹きランスは、距離A=(1/3)×Dの位置に設置することを基本とし、本発明例3〜5では、距離A=(0.5/3)×D〜(2.5/3)×Dの範囲で上吹きランスの設置位置を変更した。   In Invention Example 1, nitrogen gas was blown from the gap between the outer tube and the inner tube, and in Invention Examples 2 to 5, propane gas was blown from the gap between the outer tube and the inner tube for desulfurization treatment. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 1, the desulfurization treatment was performed without blowing gas from the gap between the outer tube and the inner tube. In Comparative Example 2, the gas was not blown from the gap between the outer tube and the inner tube, and desulfurization was performed while blowing propane gas from a separately installed lance toward the hot metal bath surface. The top blowing lance is basically installed at a position of distance A = (1/3) × D. In Examples 3 to 5 of the present invention, the distance A = (0.5 / 3) × D− (2.5 / 3) The installation position of the top blowing lance was changed within the range of xD.

本発明例及び比較例ともに、処理前後の溶銑から試料を採取し、脱硫率を調査した。ここで、脱硫率は下記の(3)式で定義される値である。   In both the inventive examples and the comparative examples, samples were taken from the hot metal before and after the treatment, and the desulfurization rate was investigated. Here, the desulfurization rate is a value defined by the following equation (3).

Figure 2011117015
Figure 2011117015

本発明例及び比較例の実施結果を表1に示す。   The results of the examples of the present invention and comparative examples are shown in Table 1.

Figure 2011117015
Figure 2011117015

表1に示すように、外管と内管との間隙からガスカーテン用ガスを吹き込んだ本発明例1及び本発明例2では、脱硫率は90%以上と高位であり、ガスカーテン用ガスを吹き込まない比較例1に比べて大幅に脱硫率が向上した。特に、ガスカーテン用ガスとしてプロパンガスを使用した本発明例2で脱硫率が高位であった。また、プロパンガスを浴面に別途供給した比較例2に対しても、本発明例1及び本発明例2は脱硫率が高位であった。   As shown in Table 1, in the present invention example 1 and the present invention example 2 in which the gas curtain gas was blown from the gap between the outer tube and the inner tube, the desulfurization rate was as high as 90% or more, and the gas curtain gas was The desulfurization rate was significantly improved as compared with Comparative Example 1 in which no blowing was performed. In particular, the desulfurization rate was high in Invention Example 2 in which propane gas was used as the gas curtain gas. In addition, Comparative Example 2 in which propane gas was separately supplied to the bath surface also had high desulfurization rates in Invention Example 1 and Invention Example 2.

また、上吹きランスの設置位置を変更した本発明例2〜5における脱硫率を比較すると、距離A=(1/3)×Dである本発明例2の脱硫率が最も高くなった。距離A=(2/3)×D以内の範囲である本発明例3,4では90%の脱硫率が得られたが、距離Aが(2/3)×Dを超えた本発明例5の脱硫率は87%であった。但し、本発明例5でも比較例1,2に比べると高い脱硫率が得られた。   Moreover, when the desulfurization rate in the present invention examples 2 to 5 in which the installation position of the top blowing lance was changed was compared, the desulfurization rate of the present invention example 2 in which the distance A = (1/3) × D was the highest. In the present invention examples 3 and 4 within the range of the distance A = (2/3) × D, a desulfurization rate of 90% was obtained, but the present invention example 5 in which the distance A exceeded (2/3) × D was obtained. The desulfurization rate of was 87%. However, a higher desulfurization rate was obtained in Example 5 of the present invention than in Comparative Examples 1 and 2.

1 台車
2 溶銑鍋
3 溶銑
4 インペラー
5 上吹きランス
6 脱硫剤
7 ディスペンサー
8 切り出し装置
9 集塵フード
10 坩堝容器
11 上吹きランス
12 インペラー
13 電動機
14 高周波加熱コイル
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Bogie 2 Hot metal ladle 3 Hot metal 4 Impeller 5 Top blowing lance 6 Desulfurizing agent 7 Dispenser 8 Cutting device 9 Dust collection hood 10 Crucible container 11 Top blowing lance 12 Impeller 13 Electric motor 14 High frequency heating coil

Claims (3)

機械攪拌式脱硫装置を用いた溶銑の脱硫方法において、インペラーによって攪拌されている溶銑の浴面上に、多重管構造である上吹きランスの先端部から搬送用ガスとともに脱硫剤を上吹き添加するとともに、脱硫剤を上吹きする部位の外周に設けた前記上吹きランス先端部の部位から、還元性ガス、不活性ガス、非酸化性ガスの内の何れか1種または2種以上のガスを溶銑浴面に向けて同時に吹き付けて脱硫処理を行うことを特徴とする、溶銑の脱硫方法。   In the hot metal desulfurization method using a mechanical stirring type desulfurization apparatus, a desulfurizing agent is added to the hot metal bath surface agitated by the impeller with a conveying gas from the tip of the upper blowing lance having a multi-tube structure. At the same time, any one or more of reducing gas, inert gas, and non-oxidizing gas is supplied from the top blowing lance tip portion provided on the outer periphery of the portion where the desulfurizing agent is blown up. A desulfurization method for hot metal, characterized by performing desulfurization treatment by spraying simultaneously on the hot metal bath surface. 脱硫剤を上吹きする部位の外周に設けた部位から吹き込むガスが、炭化水素ガスまたは水素ガスであることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の溶銑の脱硫方法。   2. The hot metal desulfurization method according to claim 1, wherein the gas blown from a portion provided on the outer periphery of the portion where the desulfurizing agent is blown up is hydrocarbon gas or hydrogen gas. 前記上吹きランスは鉛直方向下方を向いて配置され、溶銑を収容する処理容器の内壁半径をD(m)、処理容器の中心から前記上吹きランス中心までの水平距離をA(m)としたときに、該水平距離(A)が、前記内壁半径(D)に対して下記の(2)式の関係を満足する範囲内であることを特徴とする、請求項1または請求項2に記載の溶銑の脱硫方法。
0≦A≦(2/3)×D…(2)
The upper blowing lance is arranged facing downward in the vertical direction, the inner wall radius of the processing vessel containing hot metal is D (m), and the horizontal distance from the center of the processing vessel to the center of the upper blowing lance is A (m). The horizontal distance (A) sometimes falls within a range that satisfies the relationship of the following expression (2) with respect to the inner wall radius (D). Of hot metal desulfurization.
0 ≦ A ≦ (2/3) × D (2)
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2016180133A (en) * 2015-03-23 2016-10-13 株式会社神戸製鋼所 Method for desulfurization of molten pig iron

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JPS54159321A (en) * 1978-06-07 1979-12-17 Kawasaki Steel Co Desulfurization of molten iron
JPH07216430A (en) * 1994-02-02 1995-08-15 Nippon Steel Corp Molten steel production method and top blowing lance for molten metal refining
JP2923027B2 (en) * 1989-10-05 1999-07-26 グラヴルベル Ceramic welding method and lance for use in such method
JP2003172584A (en) * 2001-09-28 2003-06-20 Nippon Sanso Corp Fine particle blowing device and refining method
JP2005179690A (en) * 2003-12-16 2005-07-07 Jfe Steel Kk Method for desulfurizing molten pig iron

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS54159321A (en) * 1978-06-07 1979-12-17 Kawasaki Steel Co Desulfurization of molten iron
JP2923027B2 (en) * 1989-10-05 1999-07-26 グラヴルベル Ceramic welding method and lance for use in such method
JPH07216430A (en) * 1994-02-02 1995-08-15 Nippon Steel Corp Molten steel production method and top blowing lance for molten metal refining
JP2003172584A (en) * 2001-09-28 2003-06-20 Nippon Sanso Corp Fine particle blowing device and refining method
JP2005179690A (en) * 2003-12-16 2005-07-07 Jfe Steel Kk Method for desulfurizing molten pig iron

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2016180133A (en) * 2015-03-23 2016-10-13 株式会社神戸製鋼所 Method for desulfurization of molten pig iron

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