JP2011104335A - Smoke extraction system and multistory building having the same - Google Patents

Smoke extraction system and multistory building having the same Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP2011104335A
JP2011104335A JP2010102154A JP2010102154A JP2011104335A JP 2011104335 A JP2011104335 A JP 2011104335A JP 2010102154 A JP2010102154 A JP 2010102154A JP 2010102154 A JP2010102154 A JP 2010102154A JP 2011104335 A JP2011104335 A JP 2011104335A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
duct
smoke exhaust
damper
smoke
floor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP2010102154A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Masayuki Hirota
正之 広田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shimizu Construction Co Ltd
Shimizu Corp
Original Assignee
Shimizu Construction Co Ltd
Shimizu Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shimizu Construction Co Ltd, Shimizu Corp filed Critical Shimizu Construction Co Ltd
Priority to JP2010102154A priority Critical patent/JP2011104335A/en
Publication of JP2011104335A publication Critical patent/JP2011104335A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Landscapes

  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a smoke extraction system which can easily adjust duct resistance by stories in a multistory building and suitably adjust a smoke extraction volume by stories, and the multistory building having the smoke extraction system. <P>SOLUTION: The smoke extraction system B includes: a smoke extractor 1; an vertical duct 2 provided while being connected to the smoke extractor 1 and extended in a vertical direction H; a horizontally-laid duct 3 which is provided such that one end of the duct is connected to the vertical duct 2 and is arranged while being laid in each story; a smoke extraction vent 4 arranged at the horizontally-laid duct 3 and disposed on the predetermined position of each story; and a duct resistance adjusting damper 5 provided to a duct path including the vertical duct 2 and the horizontally-laid duct 3 to adjust duct resistance and to equalize smoke extraction volume on each story. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、高層ビル等の多層建物で火災が発生した際に各階から屋外へ煙を排出するための排煙システム及びこれを備える多層建物に関する。   The present invention relates to a smoke exhaust system for discharging smoke from each floor to the outside when a fire occurs in a multi-layer building such as a high-rise building and a multi-layer building including the smoke exhaust system.

従来、高層ビル等の多層建物には、火災が発生した際に、各階の居室、特別避難階段、非常用エレベーターなどから屋外へ煙を排出する排煙システムを設け、避難経路の安全性が確保されるようにしている。   Conventionally, in multi-story buildings such as high-rise buildings, in the event of a fire, a smoke exhaust system that exhausts smoke from the rooms on each floor, special evacuation stairs, emergency elevators, etc., has been established to ensure the safety of evacuation routes. To be.

また、図５に示すように、この種の排煙システムＡとして、排煙ファン（排煙機）１を多層建物Ｔの屋上に設置し、排煙ファン１から各階の居室まで、竪ダクト（メインダクト）２や横引きダクト３を引き回して構成したものが多用されている（例えば、非特許文献１参照）。   Moreover, as shown in FIG. 5, as this kind of smoke exhaust system A, a smoke exhaust fan (smoke exhaust machine) 1 is installed on the roof of a multi-layer building T, and from the smoke exhaust fan 1 to a room on each floor, a soot duct ( A main duct) 2 and a horizontal duct 3 are widely used (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1).

「新・排煙設備技術指針 １９８７年版」、財団法人日本建築センター出版部、平成７年４月２０日、ｐ．５９−６４“New Smoke Exhaust Equipment Technical Guidelines 1987 Edition”, Nippon Architectural Center Press, April 20, 1995, p. 59-64

一方、図５に示す従来の排煙システムＡにおいては、下層階の最も大きなダクト抵抗を考慮して、この最も大きなダクト抵抗（ダクト経路の抵抗）が生じる箇所で所定の排煙風量が確保されるように排煙ファン１の規格（排煙ファン１の大きさ、容量）を決定する（非特許文献１参照）。このため、超高層建物や大規模建物など、各階の面積が大きく、階層が多い建物Ｔに従来の排煙システムＡを適用した場合には、ダクト系統が複雑になり、ダクト抵抗の影響を無視できなくなる。例えば超高層オフィスビルに従来の排煙システムＡを適用すると、最上層階などにあるダクト抵抗が小さい居室に対しては排煙風量が過剰になって、下層階の扉を容易に開放できるのに対し、この上層階では扉を容易に開放できなくなる。すなわち、避難経路の扉（居室扉）の開放のしやすさ等に違いが生じてしまう。   On the other hand, in the conventional smoke exhaust system A shown in FIG. 5, in consideration of the largest duct resistance on the lower floor, a predetermined amount of smoke exhaust air is secured at the place where this greatest duct resistance (duct path resistance) occurs. Thus, the standard of smoke exhaust fan 1 (size and capacity of smoke exhaust fan 1) is determined (see Non-Patent Document 1). For this reason, when the conventional smoke exhaust system A is applied to a building T having a large floor area and a large number of floors such as a super high-rise building or a large-scale building, the duct system becomes complicated and the influence of the duct resistance is ignored. become unable. For example, when the conventional smoke exhaust system A is applied to a high-rise office building, the amount of smoke exhaust air is excessive for a room with a small duct resistance on the upper floor, etc., and the lower floor doors can be easily opened. On the other hand, the door cannot be easily opened on this upper floor. That is, there is a difference in the ease of opening the door (room door) of the evacuation route.

また、このように排煙ファン１からの距離の大小などに応じたダクト抵抗の違いにより避難経路の扉の開放のしやすさが異なることによって、火災が発生した際に、防火区画を形成するために閉鎖すべき扉を閉鎖することができないおそれさえある。   Moreover, when the fire breaks out due to the difference in duct resistance depending on the distance from the smoke exhaust fan 1, the ease of opening the door of the evacuation route is different, a fire prevention section is formed. Therefore, there is a possibility that the door to be closed cannot be closed.

本発明は、上記事情に鑑み、多層建物の各階毎のダクト抵抗を容易に調整でき、各階毎の排煙風量を好適に調節することを可能にした排煙システム及びこれを備える多層建物を提供することを目的とする。   In view of the above circumstances, the present invention provides a smoke exhaust system capable of easily adjusting the duct resistance of each floor of a multi-layer building and suitably adjusting the amount of smoke exhaust per floor, and a multi-layer building including the smoke exhaust system. The purpose is to do.

上記の目的を達するために、この発明は以下の手段を提供している。   In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following means.

本発明の排煙システムは、多層建物で火災が発生した際に各階から屋外へ煙を排出するための排煙システムであって、排煙機と、前記排煙機に繋げて設けられ、上下方向に延設された竪ダクトと、前記竪ダクトに一端側を繋げて設けられ、前記各階に引き回して配設された横引きダクトと、前記横引きダクトに設けられ、前記各階の所定位置に配設された排煙口と、前記竪ダクトと前記横引きダクトからなるダクト経路に設けられ、ダクト抵抗を調節して前記各階での排煙風量を均等化させるためのダクト抵抗調節ダンパーとを備えて構成されていることを特徴とする。   The smoke exhaust system of the present invention is a smoke exhaust system for discharging smoke from each floor to the outside when a fire occurs in a multi-layer building, and is provided in connection with the smoke exhauster and the smoke exhauster. A vertical duct extending in a direction, a horizontal duct arranged to be connected to one end of the vertical duct and routed to each floor, and provided in the horizontal duct, at a predetermined position on each floor And a duct resistance adjusting damper that is provided in a duct path including the soot duct and the horizontal duct and adjusts duct resistance to equalize the amount of smoke exhaust air at each floor. It is characterized by comprising.

この発明においては、火災が発生した際に、排煙機の駆動により各階の所定位置に配設された排煙口から横引きダクト、竪ダクトを通じて、各階から屋外へ煙を排出させることができる。そして、このように構成した場合であっても、ダクト経路にダクト抵抗調節ダンパーを設けることによって、各階のダクト抵抗を容易に調整でき、各階での排煙風量を均等化させる（調節する）ことが可能になる。このため、従来の排煙システムのように排煙機からの距離の大小などに応じたダクト抵抗の違いによって避難経路の扉（居室扉）の開放のしやすさが異なることがなく、これにより、建物高さや規模によらず、避難時の扉の開放や防火区画の一部を形成する扉の自動閉鎖に支障をきたすという不都合を解消することが可能になる。   In the present invention, when a fire occurs, smoke can be discharged from each floor to the outside through a horizontal duct and a soot duct from a smoke outlet disposed at a predetermined position of each floor by driving a smoke exhauster. . And even if it is a case where it comprises in this way, by providing a duct resistance adjustment damper in a duct course, duct resistance of each floor can be adjusted easily, and the amount of smoke exhaust air in each floor can be equalized (adjusted) Is possible. For this reason, there is no difference in the ease of opening the door (room door) of the evacuation route due to the difference in duct resistance depending on the distance from the smoke exhauster as in the conventional smoke exhaust system. Regardless of the height or scale of the building, it is possible to eliminate the inconvenience of hindering the automatic closing of the doors that form part of the fire-prevention area and the opening of the doors during evacuation.

なお、本発明において、ダクト抵抗調節ダンパーによって「各階での排煙風量を均等化させる」とは、多層建物の上層階から下層階の各階の排煙風量を同一にすることに加え、多層建物の上層階から下層階の各階の避難経路の扉を確実に開放させることができる程度に各階の排煙風量差を小さくすることを意味している。   In the present invention, “ducting the amount of smoke exhaust on each floor” by the duct resistance adjusting damper means that the amount of smoke exhaust from the upper floor to the lower floor of the multilayer building is the same, This means that the difference in the amount of flue gas on each floor is reduced to such an extent that the doors of the evacuation route on each floor from the upper floor to the lower floor can be surely opened.

また、本発明の排煙システムにおいては、前記ダクト抵抗調節ダンパーが前記竪ダクトと該竪ダクトに繋がる前記横引きダクトの一端の間に設けられていることが望ましい。   In the smoke exhaust system of the present invention, it is preferable that the duct resistance adjusting damper is provided between the saddle duct and one end of the horizontal duct connected to the saddle duct.

この発明においては、竪ダクトと、各階にそれぞれ引き回して配設される横引きダクトの一端との間にダクト抵抗調節ダンパーを設けることで、確実に各階での排煙風量を均等化させることができ、避難時の扉の開放や防火区画の一部を形成する扉の自動閉鎖に支障をきたすという不都合を解消することが可能になる。   In the present invention, by providing the duct resistance adjusting damper between the eaves duct and one end of the horizontal duct arranged to be routed on each floor, it is possible to surely equalize the amount of smoke exhaust air on each floor. It is possible to eliminate the inconvenience of hindering the opening of the door during evacuation and the automatic closing of the door that forms part of the fire prevention zone.

さらに、本発明の排煙システムにおいては、前記ダクト抵抗調節ダンパーを間に排風方向上流側と下流側に防火ダンパーと動圧計測部が設けられ、前記ダクト抵抗調節ダンパーと前記防火ダンパーと前記動圧計測部により複合ダンパーが構成されていてもよい。   Further, in the smoke exhaust system of the present invention, a fire resistance damper and a dynamic pressure measurement unit are provided on the upstream side and the downstream side in the direction of exhaust air between the duct resistance adjustment damper, and the duct resistance adjustment damper, the fire protection damper, and the A composite damper may be configured by the dynamic pressure measurement unit.

この発明においては、動圧計測部（動圧計測用センサー）によって点検時に風量測定を行うことができる。また、防火ダンパーによって、火災時に火炎や熱い空気を通さないようにすることができる。これにより、ダクト抵抗調節ダンパーによって避難時の扉の開放や防火区画の一部を形成する扉の自動閉鎖に支障をきたすという不都合を解消するとともに、要求が高まっている点検時の風量測定や防火ダンパーを必要とする計画にも対応することが可能になる。   In the present invention, the air volume can be measured at the time of inspection by the dynamic pressure measuring section (dynamic pressure measuring sensor). In addition, a fire damper can prevent a flame or hot air from passing during a fire. This eliminates the inconvenience of the door opening during evacuation and the automatic closing of the door that forms part of the fire prevention section by the duct resistance adjustment damper. It is also possible to respond to plans that require dampers.

また、本発明の排煙システムにおいては、前記ダクト抵抗調節ダンパーと前記防火ダンパーが一体化されて、前記ダクト抵抗調節ダンパーが前記防火ダンパーとしての機能を兼ね備えていてもよい。   In the smoke exhaust system of the present invention, the duct resistance adjusting damper and the fireproof damper may be integrated, and the duct resistance adjusting damper may also function as the fireproof damper.

この発明においては、ダクト抵抗調節ダンパーが防火ダンパーとしての機能を兼ね備え、火災時に熱い空気がダクト抵抗調節ダンパーを通過した際などにダクト抵抗調節ダンパーを閉じることで防火ダンパーとしても機能する。このため、より簡単な構成で上記の排煙システムを構成することが可能になる。   In this invention, the duct resistance adjusting damper also has a function as a fire damper, and also functions as a fire damper by closing the duct resistance adjusting damper when hot air passes through the duct resistance adjusting damper in the event of a fire. For this reason, it becomes possible to comprise said smoke exhaust system with a simpler structure.

本発明の多層建物は、上記の排煙システムを備えていることを特徴とする。   The multilayer building of this invention is equipped with said smoke exhaust system.

この発明においては、上記の排煙システムの作用効果を得ることが可能になる。   In this invention, it becomes possible to obtain the effect of the above smoke exhaust system.

本発明の排煙システム及びこれを備える多層建物によれば、ダクト経路にダクト抵抗調節ダンパーを設けることによって、各階のダクト抵抗を容易に調整でき、各階での排煙風量を均等化させる（調節する）ことが可能になるため、建物高さや規模によらず、避難時の扉の開放や防火区画の一部を形成する扉の自動閉鎖に支障をきたすという不都合を解消することが可能になる。   According to the smoke exhaust system of the present invention and the multilayer building equipped with the smoke exhaust system, the duct resistance adjustment damper is provided in the duct path so that the duct resistance of each floor can be easily adjusted, and the amount of smoke exhaust air on each floor is equalized (adjustment). Therefore, it is possible to eliminate the inconvenience of hindering the opening of the doors during evacuation and the automatic closing of the doors that form part of the fire prevention zone, regardless of the height and scale of the building. .

また、新築の多層建物に本発明の排煙システムを設けるだけでなく、従来の排煙システムを備えた既設の多層建物にダクト抵抗調節ダンパーを設置したり、改修に伴う横引きダクトなどの変更時にダクト抵抗調節ダンパーを設置するなどして、容易に本発明の排煙システムへのシステム変更を行うことが可能である。このようにダクト抵抗調節ダンパーを設けることでダクト経路の抵抗を調節できるため、従来の排煙システムを備えた既設の多層建物に対しても、容易に安全な避難経路の確保や区画形成が行えるようにすることが可能である。   In addition to installing the smoke exhaust system of the present invention in newly built multi-layer buildings, duct resistance adjustment dampers are installed in existing multi-layer buildings equipped with conventional smoke exhaust systems, and horizontal ducts are changed due to refurbishment. It is possible to easily change the system to the smoke exhaust system of the present invention by installing a duct resistance adjusting damper sometimes. Since the duct resistance can be adjusted by providing the duct resistance adjusting damper in this way, it is possible to easily secure a safe evacuation path and form a section even for an existing multi-layer building equipped with a conventional smoke exhaust system. It is possible to do so.

本発明の一実施形態に係る排煙システム及びこれを備える多層建物を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the smoke exhaust system which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, and a multilayer building provided with the same. 本発明の一実施形態に係る排煙システムのダクト抵抗調節ダンパーを示す図である。It is a figure which shows the duct resistance adjustment damper of the smoke exhaust system which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. ダクト抵抗調節ダンパーと防火ダンパーと動圧計測用センサーを備えた複合ダンパーを示す図である。It is a figure which shows the composite damper provided with the duct resistance adjustment damper, the fireproof damper, and the sensor for dynamic pressure measurement. 本発明の一実施形態に係る排煙システムの変形例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the modification of the smoke exhaust system which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 従来の排煙システム及びこれを備える多層建物を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the conventional smoke exhaust system and a multilayer building provided with the same.

以下、図１及び図２を参照し、本発明の一実施形態に係る排煙システム及びこれを備える多層建物について説明する。本実施形態は、超高層建物や大規模建物など、各階の面積が大きく、階層が多い多層建物で火災が発生した際に各階から屋外へ煙を排出するための排煙システム及びこれを備える多層建物に関するものである。   Hereinafter, with reference to FIG.1 and FIG.2, the smoke removal system which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, and a multilayer building provided with the same are demonstrated. This embodiment is a smoke exhaust system for discharging smoke from each floor to the outside when a fire occurs in a multi-layer building having a large area and a large number of floors, such as a super high-rise building or a large-scale building, and a multi-layer having the same It relates to buildings.

本実施形態の排煙システムＢは、図１に示すように、多層建物Ｔの最上層に設けられた排煙ファン（排煙機）１と、竪ダクト（メインダクト）２と、横引きダクト３と、排煙口４と、ダクト抵抗調節ダンパー５とを備えて構成されている。   As shown in FIG. 1, the smoke exhaust system B of the present embodiment includes a smoke exhaust fan (smoke exhaust) 1, a soot duct (main duct) 2, and a horizontal duct that are provided in the uppermost layer of the multi-layer building T. 3, a smoke exhaust port 4, and a duct resistance adjusting damper 5.

排煙ファン１は、通常の排煙ファンである。竪ダクト２は、例えば鋼製ダクトであり、排煙ファン１に繋げて設けられるとともに、多層建物Ｔの最上層階から最下層階まで上下方向Ｈに延設されている。   The smoke exhaust fan 1 is a normal smoke exhaust fan. The soot duct 2 is, for example, a steel duct and is connected to the smoke exhaust fan 1 and extends in the vertical direction H from the uppermost floor to the lowermost floor of the multilayer building T.

横引きダクト３は、例えば鋼製ダクトであり、竪ダクト２に一端側を繋げて設けられ、上層階から下層階の各階に引き回して配設されている。また、排煙口４は、各横引きダクト３に設けられており、各階の居室などの所定位置に配設されている。なお、この排煙口４は、点開口でもチャンバー方式の開口でもよい。   The horizontal pulling duct 3 is, for example, a steel duct, and is provided by connecting one end side to the eaves duct 2 and is routed from the upper floor to the lower floors. Moreover, the smoke exhaust port 4 is provided in each horizontal drawing duct 3, and is arrange | positioned in predetermined positions, such as a living room of each floor. The smoke outlet 4 may be a point opening or a chamber type opening.

一方、ダクト抵抗調節ダンパー５は、竪ダクト２と横引きダクト３からなるダクト経路に設けられ、本実施形態では、竪ダクト２と各横引きダクト３の一端の間に設けられている。また、本実施形態のダクト抵抗調節ダンパー５は、不燃性とされ、図２に示すように、回転軸周りに回転自在に設けられた複数枚の鋼製の開閉板（薄板）５ａを備えて形成されている。このダクト抵抗調節ダンパー５は、複数の開閉板５ａがレバーを回すことによって回転し、全開状態から全閉状態まで開口面積が可変となるように（開度が自由に設定できるように）構成されている。すなわち、このダクト抵抗調節ダンパー５は、複数の開閉板５ａを回転して開度を自由に設定できることにより、開度に応じてダクト経路の抵抗（ダクト抵抗）を自由に調節できるように構成されている。また、複数の開閉板５ａは、所望のダクト抵抗となる位置で固定可能に構成されている。なお、各階のダクト抵抗は、その階に配設されたダクト抵抗調節ダンパー５の開閉板５ａを閉じてゆくほどに大きくなる。   On the other hand, the duct resistance adjusting damper 5 is provided in a duct path including the saddle duct 2 and the horizontal pulling duct 3, and is provided between the vertical duct 2 and one end of each horizontal pulling duct 3 in the present embodiment. Further, the duct resistance adjusting damper 5 of the present embodiment is nonflammable, and includes a plurality of steel opening / closing plates (thin plates) 5a provided so as to be rotatable around a rotation axis as shown in FIG. Is formed. The duct resistance adjusting damper 5 is configured such that a plurality of opening / closing plates 5a rotate by turning a lever so that an opening area can be varied from a fully open state to a fully closed state (the opening degree can be freely set). ing. That is, the duct resistance adjusting damper 5 is configured to freely adjust the resistance of the duct path (duct resistance) according to the opening degree by rotating the plurality of opening and closing plates 5a to freely set the opening degree. ing. Further, the plurality of opening / closing plates 5a are configured to be fixable at positions where desired duct resistance is obtained. In addition, the duct resistance of each floor becomes so large that the opening-and-closing board 5a of the duct resistance adjustment damper 5 arrange | positioned on the floor is closed.

そして、上記構成からなる本実施形態の排煙システムＢ及びこれを備える多層建物Ｔにおいては、火災が発生した際に、排煙ファン１の駆動により各階の所定位置に配設された排煙口４から横引きダクト３、竪ダクト２を通じて、各階から屋外へ煙が排出される。また、各階のダクト経路に設けられたダクト抵抗調節ダンパー５の開閉板５ａを回転させて開度を調節することによって、各階のダクト抵抗が自由に調節される。このため、下層階の最も大きなダクト抵抗を考慮し、この最も大きなダクト抵抗が生じる箇所で所定の排煙風量が確保されるように排煙ファン１の規格を決定した場合であっても、従来の排煙システムＡでダクト抵抗が小さくなる階（最上層階など）のダクト抵抗を、この階に設置したダクト抵抗調節ダンパー５によって大きく設定しておくことで、上層階から下層階まで各階の排煙風量が均等化される。   In the smoke exhaust system B of the present embodiment having the above-described configuration and the multi-layer building T including the smoke exhaust system, when a fire occurs, the smoke exhaust ports disposed at predetermined positions on each floor by driving the smoke exhaust fan 1 Smoke is discharged from each floor to the outside through the horizontal duct 3 and the culvert duct 2 from 4. Further, by rotating the opening / closing plate 5a of the duct resistance adjusting damper 5 provided in the duct path of each floor to adjust the opening, the duct resistance of each floor can be freely adjusted. For this reason, even when the standard of the exhaust fan 1 is determined so that a predetermined amount of exhaust air is secured at a place where the largest duct resistance occurs in consideration of the largest duct resistance of the lower floor, By setting the duct resistance of the floor (such as the top floor) where the duct resistance is low in the smoke exhaust system A of the floor by setting the duct resistance adjustment damper 5 installed on this floor, the floor resistance of each floor from the upper floor to the lower floor The amount of smoke exhaust is equalized.

これにより、超高層建物や大規模建物など、各階の面積が大きく、階層が多い建物Ｔに適用した場合であっても、最上層階などにあるダクト抵抗が小さい居室に対し排煙風量が過剰になることがなく、下層階の扉を容易に開放できるのに対し、上層階では扉を容易に開放できなくなるといった不都合が解消される。   As a result, even if it is applied to a building T with a large floor area and a large number of floors, such as a super high-rise building or a large-scale building, the amount of flue gas is excessive compared to a room with a small duct resistance on the top floor. In this case, the lower floor door can be easily opened, whereas the upper floor door cannot be easily opened.

したがって、本実施形態の排煙システムＢ及びこれを備えた多層建物Ｔにおいては、火災が発生した際に、排煙ファン１の駆動により各階の所定位置に配設された排煙口４から横引きダクト３、竪ダクト２を通じて、各階から屋外へ煙を排出させることができる。また、ダクト経路にダクト抵抗調節ダンパー５を設けることによって、各階のダクト抵抗を容易に調整でき、各階での排煙風量を均等化させる（調節する）ことが可能になる。このため、従来の排煙システムＡのように排煙ファン１からの距離の大小などに応じたダクト抵抗の違いによって避難経路の扉（居室扉）の開放のしやすさが異なることがなく、これにより、建物高さや規模によらず、避難時の扉の開放や防火区画の一部を形成する扉の自動閉鎖に支障をきたすという不都合を解消することが可能になる。   Therefore, in the smoke exhaust system B of this embodiment and the multi-layer building T equipped with the same, when a fire occurs, the smoke exhaust fan 1 is driven to drive the smoke exhaust system 4 from the smoke exhaust ports 4 disposed at predetermined positions on each floor. Smoke can be discharged from each floor to the outside through the drawing duct 3 and the soot duct 2. Further, by providing the duct resistance adjusting damper 5 in the duct path, the duct resistance of each floor can be easily adjusted, and the amount of smoke exhaust air on each floor can be equalized (adjusted). For this reason, the easiness of opening of the door (room door) of an evacuation route does not change with the difference in duct resistance according to the magnitude of the distance from the smoke exhaust fan 1 as in the conventional smoke exhaust system A, Thereby, it becomes possible to eliminate the inconvenience of hindering the opening of the door during evacuation and the automatic closing of the door forming a part of the fire prevention section regardless of the height and scale of the building.

また、竪ダクト２と、各階にそれぞれ引き回して配設される横引きダクト３の一端との間にダクト抵抗調節ダンパー５を設けることで、確実に各階での排煙風量を均等化させることができ、避難時の扉の開放や防火区画の一部を形成する扉の自動閉鎖に支障をきたすという不都合を解消することが可能になる。   In addition, by providing the duct resistance adjusting damper 5 between the eaves duct 2 and one end of the horizontal pulling duct 3 that is routed around each floor, the amount of smoke exhaust air at each floor can be equalized reliably. It is possible to eliminate the inconvenience of hindering the opening of the door during evacuation and the automatic closing of the door that forms part of the fire prevention zone.

さらに、新築の多層建物Ｔに本実施形態の排煙システムＢを設けるだけでなく、従来の排煙システムＡを備えた既設の多層建物Ｔにダクト抵抗調節ダンパー５を設置したり、改修に伴う横引きダクト３などの変更時などにダクト抵抗調節ダンパー５を設置して、容易に本実施形態の排煙システムＢへのシステム変更を行うことが可能である。このようにダクト抵抗調節ダンパー５を設けることでダクト経路の抵抗を調節できるため、従来の排煙システムＡを備えた既設の多層建物Ｔに対しても、容易に安全な避難経路の確保や区画形成が行えるようにすることが可能である。   Furthermore, not only the smoke exhaust system B of the present embodiment is provided in the newly built multi-layer building T, but the duct resistance adjusting damper 5 is installed in the existing multi-layer building T equipped with the conventional smoke exhaust system A, or accompanying renovation. It is possible to easily change the system to the smoke exhausting system B of the present embodiment by installing the duct resistance adjusting damper 5 when changing the horizontal duct 3 or the like. Since the duct resistance can be adjusted by providing the duct resistance adjusting damper 5 in this way, it is possible to easily secure and evacuate a safe evacuation path even for an existing multi-layer building T equipped with the conventional smoke exhaust system A. It is possible to allow formation.

以上、本発明に係る排煙システム及びこれを備える多層建物の一実施形態について説明したが、本発明は上記の一実施形態に限定されるものではなく、その趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で適宜変更可能である。例えば、本実施形態では、最上層階に排煙ファン（排煙機）１を設けて排煙システムＢが構成されているものとしたが、排煙ファン１は下層階に設けられていてもよく、特にその設置位置を限定する必要はない。   As described above, the smoke exhaust system according to the present invention and one embodiment of the multi-layer building including the smoke exhaust system have been described. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and can be appropriately changed without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It is. For example, in the present embodiment, it is assumed that the smoke exhaust system B is configured by providing the smoke exhaust fan (smoke exhaust) 1 on the uppermost floor, but the smoke exhaust fan 1 may be provided on the lower floor. Well, it is not necessary to limit the installation position.

また、排煙システムＢは防火ダンパーを備えて構成されていてもよい。   Further, the smoke exhaust system B may be configured to include a fireproof damper.

例えば図３に示すように、ダクト抵抗調節ダンパー５を間に排風方向Ｓ上流側と下流側に防火ダンパー６と動圧計測用センサーを備えた動圧計測部７とを設け、ダクト抵抗調節ダンパー５と防火ダンパー６と動圧計測部７とによって複合ダンパーを構成するようにしてもよい。このとき、ダクト抵抗調節ダンパー５を動圧計測部７や防火ダンパー６とボルトなどで接合して、複合ダンパーとして組み合わせればよい。そして、このように構成した場合には、動圧計測部７の動圧計測用センサーによって点検時に風量測定を行うことができる。また、複数の開閉板５ａは、動圧計測用センサーの計測結果に応じて自動的に開度が調整されるようにしてもよい。さらに、防火ダンパー６によって、火災時に火炎や熱い空気を通さないようにすることができる。これにより、ダクト抵抗調節ダンパー５によって避難時の扉の開放や防火区画の一部を形成する扉の自動閉鎖に支障をきたすという不都合を解消するとともに、要求が高まっている点検時の風量測定や防火ダンパー６を必要とする計画にも対応することが可能になる。   For example, as shown in FIG. 3, a duct resistance adjusting damper 5 is provided with a fire pressure damper 6 and a dynamic pressure measuring unit 7 having a dynamic pressure measuring sensor on the upstream side and the downstream side in the exhaust air direction S, thereby adjusting the duct resistance. A composite damper may be configured by the damper 5, the fireproof damper 6, and the dynamic pressure measuring unit 7. At this time, the duct resistance adjusting damper 5 may be combined with the dynamic pressure measuring unit 7 or the fireproof damper 6 with a bolt or the like and combined as a composite damper. And when comprised in this way, an air volume measurement can be performed at the time of an inspection with the sensor for dynamic pressure measurement of the dynamic pressure measurement part 7. FIG. Moreover, you may make it the opening degree of the several opening-and-closing plate 5a adjust automatically according to the measurement result of the sensor for dynamic pressure measurement. Furthermore, the fire damper 6 can prevent flames and hot air from passing during a fire. This eliminates the inconvenience that the duct resistance adjusting damper 5 hinders the opening of the door at the time of evacuation and the automatic closing of the door that forms a part of the fire prevention zone, It is also possible to cope with plans that require the fire damper 6.

さらに、ダクト抵抗調節ダンパー５は、防火ダンパー６と一体化して構成されていてもよい。例えば図４に示すように、ダクト抵抗調節ダンパー５と防火ダンパー６を一体化して、ダクト抵抗調節ダンパー５が防火ダンパー６としての機能を兼ね備えるようにし、ダクト抵抗調節ダンパー５の排風方向Ｓ下流側に動圧計測部７を設けるようにしてもよい。また、ダクト抵抗調節ダンパー５は、不燃性とする。そして、火災時にはダクト抵抗調節ダンパー５を閉鎖することで火炎や熱い空気を通さないようにし、防火ダンパー６として機能させる。すなわち、ダクト抵抗調節ダンパー５が防火ダンパー６としての機能を兼ね備え、火災時に熱い空気がダクト抵抗調節ダンパー５を通過した際などにダクト抵抗調節ダンパー５を閉じることで防火ダンパーとしても機能する。このため、より簡単な構成の排煙システムＢを実現することが可能になる。なお、この場合においても、動圧計測部７に温度センサーを設けるなどして、火災時に高温の空気がダクト抵抗調節ダンパー５通過した際には開閉板５ａを自動的に閉鎖するようにしてもよい。   Furthermore, the duct resistance adjusting damper 5 may be configured integrally with the fireproof damper 6. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the duct resistance adjusting damper 5 and the fireproof damper 6 are integrated so that the duct resistance adjusting damper 5 also has a function as the fireproof damper 6. The dynamic pressure measuring unit 7 may be provided on the side. The duct resistance adjusting damper 5 is nonflammable. In the event of a fire, the duct resistance adjusting damper 5 is closed so that no flame or hot air is allowed to pass therethrough, and the fire resistance damper 6 is caused to function. That is, the duct resistance adjusting damper 5 has a function as the fire damper 6 and also functions as a fire damper by closing the duct resistance adjusting damper 5 when hot air passes through the duct resistance adjusting damper 5 in the event of a fire. For this reason, it becomes possible to implement | achieve the smoke exhaust system B of a simpler structure. Even in this case, a temperature sensor is provided in the dynamic pressure measuring unit 7 so that the open / close plate 5a is automatically closed when high-temperature air passes through the duct resistance adjusting damper 5 in a fire. Good.

１ 排煙ファン（排煙機）
２ 竪ダクト（メインダクト）
３ 横引きダクト
４ 排煙口
５ ダクト抵抗調節ダンパー
５ａ 開閉板
６ 防火ダンパー
７ 動圧計測部
Ａ 従来の排煙システム
Ｂ 排煙システム
Ｈ 上下方向
Ｓ 排風方向
Ｔ 多層建物 1 Smoke exhaust fan (smoke exhaust machine)
2 竪 Duct (Main Duct)
3 Horizontal duct 4 Smoke outlet 5 Duct resistance adjusting damper 5a Opening and closing plate 6 Fire damper 7 Dynamic pressure measuring part A Conventional smoke exhaust system B Smoke exhaust system H Vertical direction S Exhaust direction T Multi-layer building

Claims (5)

多層建物で火災が発生した際に各階から屋外へ煙を排出するための排煙システムであって、
排煙機と、前記排煙機に繋げて設けられ、上下方向に延設された竪ダクトと、前記竪ダクトに一端側を繋げて設けられ、前記各階に引き回して配設された横引きダクトと、前記横引きダクトに設けられ、前記各階の所定位置に配設された排煙口と、前記竪ダクトと前記横引きダクトからなるダクト経路に設けられ、ダクト抵抗を調節して前記各階での排煙風量を均等化させるためのダクト抵抗調節ダンパーとを備えて構成されていることを特徴とする排煙システム。 A smoke exhaust system for discharging smoke from each floor to the outside when a fire occurs in a multi-layer building,
A smoke exhauster, a soot duct that is connected to the smoke exhauster and extends in the vertical direction, and a horizontal duct that is provided with one end connected to the soot duct and routed to each floor. And provided in the duct, which is provided in the horizontal duct and disposed in a predetermined position on each floor, and in the duct path composed of the soot duct and the horizontal duct, and adjusts the duct resistance. A smoke exhaust system comprising a duct resistance adjusting damper for equalizing the amount of smoke exhaust air. 請求項１記載の排煙システムにおいて、
前記ダクト抵抗調節ダンパーが前記竪ダクトと該竪ダクトに繋がる前記横引きダクトの一端の間に設けられていることを特徴とする排煙システム。 The smoke exhaust system according to claim 1,
The smoke exhausting system according to claim 1, wherein the duct resistance adjusting damper is provided between the soot duct and one end of the horizontal duct connected to the soot duct. 請求項１または請求項２に記載の排煙システムにおいて、
前記ダクト抵抗調節ダンパーを間に排風方向上流側と下流側に防火ダンパーと動圧計測部が設けられ、前記ダクト抵抗調節ダンパーと前記防火ダンパーと前記動圧計測部により複合ダンパーが構成されていることを特徴とする排煙システム。 The smoke exhaust system according to claim 1 or 2,
A fire damper and a dynamic pressure measuring unit are provided on the upstream side and the downstream side in the exhaust air direction between the duct resistance adjusting damper, and a composite damper is configured by the duct resistance adjusting damper, the fire damper and the dynamic pressure measuring unit. A smoke exhaust system characterized by 請求項３に記載の排煙システムにおいて、
前記ダクト抵抗調節ダンパーと前記防火ダンパーが一体化されて、前記ダクト抵抗調節ダンパーが前記防火ダンパーとしての機能を兼ね備えていることを特徴とする排煙システム。 The smoke exhaust system according to claim 3,
The duct resistance adjusting damper and the fireproof damper are integrated, and the duct resistance adjusting damper also has a function as the fireproof damper. 請求項１から請求項４のいずれかに記載の排煙システムを備えていることを特徴とする多層建物。   A multilayer building comprising the smoke exhaust system according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
JP2010102154A 2009-10-23 2010-04-27 Smoke extraction system and multistory building having the same Pending JP2011104335A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2010102154A JP2011104335A (en) 2009-10-23 2010-04-27 Smoke extraction system and multistory building having the same

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2009244367 2009-10-23
JP2009244367 2009-10-23
JP2010102154A JP2011104335A (en) 2009-10-23 2010-04-27 Smoke extraction system and multistory building having the same

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2011104335A true JP2011104335A (en) 2011-06-02

Family

ID=44228525

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2010102154A Pending JP2011104335A (en) 2009-10-23 2010-04-27 Smoke extraction system and multistory building having the same

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2011104335A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2020157014A (en) * 2019-03-28 2020-10-01 ホーチキ株式会社 Disaster prevention system and controller
JP2021041209A (en) * 2020-11-25 2021-03-18 エア・ウォーター防災株式会社 Gas fire extinguishing equipment and construction method for the same

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5481697A (en) * 1977-12-13 1979-06-29 Eakonsutaa Kk Variable blow smoke and fire preventive damper
JPH07185025A (en) * 1993-10-19 1995-07-25 Takasago Thermal Eng Co Ltd Flue gas duct system
JP2005040504A (en) * 2003-07-25 2005-02-17 Taisei Corp Smoke exhaustion equipment and pressurized smoke exhaustion system
JP2005265726A (en) * 2004-03-19 2005-09-29 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Air flow measuring instrument and gas flow measuring method

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5481697A (en) * 1977-12-13 1979-06-29 Eakonsutaa Kk Variable blow smoke and fire preventive damper
JPH07185025A (en) * 1993-10-19 1995-07-25 Takasago Thermal Eng Co Ltd Flue gas duct system
JP2005040504A (en) * 2003-07-25 2005-02-17 Taisei Corp Smoke exhaustion equipment and pressurized smoke exhaustion system
JP2005265726A (en) * 2004-03-19 2005-09-29 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Air flow measuring instrument and gas flow measuring method

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2020157014A (en) * 2019-03-28 2020-10-01 ホーチキ株式会社 Disaster prevention system and controller
JP2021041209A (en) * 2020-11-25 2021-03-18 エア・ウォーター防災株式会社 Gas fire extinguishing equipment and construction method for the same

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP5447529B2 (en) High-rise building with stairwell and air supply shaft
KR102113241B1 (en) Smoke control system and the smoke controlling method thereof
KR101242179B1 (en) method of fire smoke control of building
WO2020262836A1 (en) Integrated smoke control system
KR102248807B1 (en) Ventilation system by elevator shaft prssurization with safety net
JP2012504994A5 (en)
KR101934034B1 (en) apparatus for smoke-proof of building
EP3542870B1 (en) A ventilation system for a building having a smoke evacuation functionality and a method for operating said system
KR102622256B1 (en) Automatic differential pressure supply damper and its system
KR20180109269A (en) Apparatus for removing smoke of construction
KR101185801B1 (en) Firefighting damper system of high-rise building
KR20150017398A (en) Metod of fire smoke control and apparatus of smoke-proof of building
WO2018032498A1 (en) Method and system for pressurizing, supplying air, and blocking smoke in high-rise building stairwell
JP2011104335A (en) Smoke extraction system and multistory building having the same
KR20090044172A (en) Method of fire smoke control of building
CN106196400A (en) A kind of skyscraper stairwell pressurization air-supply gear cigarette method and system
KR101683535B1 (en) Smoke control method and system
KR20130006253U (en) Smoke System Damper
JP4526174B2 (en) High-rise apartment house and pressurized smoke prevention method
CN206055863U (en) A kind of skyscraper stairwell pressurization air-supply gear cigarette system
KR102484872B1 (en) System and method for controlling smoke of high-rise building
JP2005040504A (en) Smoke exhaustion equipment and pressurized smoke exhaustion system
CN105544937B (en) A kind of high-rise building gas pipeline well fire prevention Ventilating Design Method
CN209960700U (en) Smoke exhauster for high-rise building
CN220504412U (en) Mechanical smoke exhaust system for improving space clear height

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A621 Written request for application examination

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621

Effective date: 20130131

A977 Report on retrieval

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007

Effective date: 20130816

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20130827

A02 Decision of refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A02

Effective date: 20140107