JP2010506576A - 気泡食品およびその調製方法 - Google Patents
気泡食品およびその調製方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2010506576A JP2010506576A JP2009532747A JP2009532747A JP2010506576A JP 2010506576 A JP2010506576 A JP 2010506576A JP 2009532747 A JP2009532747 A JP 2009532747A JP 2009532747 A JP2009532747 A JP 2009532747A JP 2010506576 A JP2010506576 A JP 2010506576A
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Abstract
Description
界面活性剤または表面活性剤は、溶解している媒体の表面張力、および/または他の相との界面張力を低下させる物質である。したがって、それは液体/ガス界面および/または他の界面で、積極的に吸着される。
最近、分散系のための乳化剤としての固体粒子の研究に対する興味が、再び起きている。そのような安定化の原理は、100年よりも前に観察されていたが(Ramsden,W.、Proc.R.Soc.London、1903年、72巻、156頁)、この取り組みの大部分はBinksおよびその同僚たちの研究によって刺激されてきた(Binks,B.P.、Curr.Opin.Colloid Interface Sci.、2002年、7巻、21頁)。
界面活性コロイド粒子に関する最近の研究の大半は、非常に低いアスペクト比(球状)粒子に集中してきた。ごく最近、Alargovaらは、エポキシ樹脂ポリマーロッドなどの高アスペクト比粒子が、エマルションおよび泡沫に界面安定化をもたらすために使用できることを証明した(Langmuir、2006年、22巻、765〜774頁)。彼らは、粒子が正しい接触角および高アスペクト比をもつ場合、優れた起泡および泡沫安定化能力をもつ可能性があることを示した。これらのポリマーロッドを生成するための方法はWO-A-06/007393(North Carolina State University)に概説されており、前記国際特許は、外部せん断の存在下で液―液溶媒磨耗を使用してマイクロロッドを調製するための方法を開示している。
ΔEdes=πR2γ(1±cosθ)2
コロイド粒子分散の特性および挙動にとって、2つの粒子間の相互作用力は重要な役割を果たす。これらの力の間の相互作用に応じて、コロイド分散物は安定または不安定になりえよう。安定分散物と不安定分散物の領域の中間に、自己集合の領域があり、その自己集合は、自発的に新しい構造に自己会合する粒子の能力として定義され、主に粒子間力によって引き起こされ、引力と反発力との間の精密なバランスを必要とする。明らかに、これらの力が常に反発的であれば、その後には、分散物は非常に安定的であり、粒子は自己集合しないであろう。これらの力が常に引き合っていれば、分散物は不安定になり、凝集し、沈殿するであろう。同じ原理がそれら力の全ての強さに適用される。すなわち、相互作用が弱すぎる(kTよりはるかに小さい)場合、熱変動が自己集合構造を崩壊させるであろう。相互作用が強すぎる(kTよりはるかに大きい)場合、自己集合構造が不可逆的に形成され、だんだん大きくなる。これは、その分散物の不安定化、凝集、および沈殿を引き起こす。粒子自己集合はまた、可逆的または不可逆的、均衡または不均衡である可能性がある。すなわち、自己集合構造は、動力学的に準安定状態に閉じ込められる。
・静電気力:コロイド粒子はしばしば電荷を有し、したがって互いに引き合ったり、反発しあったりする。連続相および分散相の両方の電荷は、それら相の移動性と同様に、この相互作用に影響を与える要因である。
・ファンデルヴァールス力:これは永久または誘起のどちらかの2つの双極子間の相互作用によるものである。粒子が永久双極子を有していない場合でも、電子密度の変動は、粒子内に一時的な双極子を生み出す。この一時的な双極子が、付近の粒子内に双極子を誘起する。一時的な双極子および誘起双極子は、次いで、互いに引き合う。これはファンデルヴァールス力として知られており、常に存在し、近距離で、通常は引き合う。
・排除体積反発力:硬質粒子間のいかなる重複も妨げる力。
・ポリマーで覆われた表面間、または非吸着ポリマーを含む溶液内の立体の力は、それらの間で付加的な反発する立体安定化力、または引き合う枯渇力を生成して、粒子間力を変質させることができる。
・水素結合に起因する近距離力:H原子が結合した電気陰性原子(O、N、F、Cl)を含む分子は、X〜H…Yに従って、例外的に強い、直通近距離(0.1〜0.17nm)の、指向性の結合を形成できる。このXは親分子を示し、Yは連結した分子を示す。このタイプの結合は、水/氷、タンパク質折り畳み、およびDNA二重らせん形成の構造的な特性を説明する。水素結合に起因する非常に近い距離の相互作用は、時として、粘着性相互作用と呼ばれる。
・疎水性相互作用に起因する力:水中で疎水性粒子または分子を分散させようとすると、粒子が互いに粘着し、水と接触する部分を最小化するほうが、よりエネルギー効率がよい。この引力は、水-水相互作用に介在する強い水素によって引き起こされ、水構造形成を妨げる分子をはねつける。この相互作用の距離は、わずかナノメートルの範囲でしかない。
・粒子の凝集を妨げる静電気バリヤーを減少させる方法。これは、懸濁液中の粒子の表面電荷を効率的に中和または「スクリーン」するために、懸濁液に塩を加えること、または懸濁液のpHを変えることによって達成できる。これは、コロイド粒子を分散させ続ける反発力を減少させ、ファンデルヴァールス力によって凝固を可能にさせる。
・帯電ポリマー凝集剤の添加。ポリマー凝集剤は、引力静電気相互作用によって、個々のコロイド粒子を橋渡しすることができる。例えば、マイナスに帯電したコロイドシリカ粒子を、プラスに帯電したポリマーの添加によって凝集できる。
・エントロピー効果によって凝集を引き起こす枯渇剤と呼ばれる非吸着ポリマーの添加。
(a)界面活性粒子を含む水分散液を調製する段階と、
(b)乾燥粉末または水分散液の形態で、前記分散体に、繊維を加える段階と、
(c)得られた混合物に、空気を取り入れかつ均質化する段階であって、それにより、繊維が、界面活性粒子と繊維との間の引力相互作用によって、空気-水界面でin situで界面活性粒子と共に集合して、安定した泡沫を形成する段階。
純微結晶性セルロース(MCC)繊維粒子を以下のように調製した。15gの医療用脱脂綿(Shanghai Medical Instrument Co. Ltd、中国)を、400mlビーカー中の50%(V/V)硫酸150mlの中へ分散させた。次いで、そのビーカーを30℃の温度の水槽に入れた。加水分解は、連続磁気攪拌で、6.5時間継続させる。結果として得られた混合物を冷却し、脱イオン水850mlで希釈した。24時間後、微結晶性セルロース(MCC)繊維は、ビーカーの底に沈殿する。そして、上清を除去し、同量の脱イオン水と入れ替えた。この精製方法を5回繰り返した。次いで、水中で透析することによって完全に酸と不純物を除去するため、MCC懸濁液を透析チューブに移した。この手順を、MCC分散液中の水のpH値が、中性(pH約6)になるまで数回繰り返した。MCC懸濁液をさらに4%(重量濃度)まで希釈し、凍結乾燥機に入れた。乾燥MCC粉末が48時間後に得られた、そして、収率は約20%である。
Claims (31)
- ガス気泡5〜80体積%、水15〜90重量%、および界面活性粒子と繊維との間の引力相互作用によって空気-水界面に界面活性粒子と共に集合した繊維0.001から10重量%を含む、安定した泡沫の形態の気泡食品。
- 前記ガスが、空気である請求項1に記載の気泡食品。
- 前記繊維の長さが、0.1から100マイクロメートル、好ましくは1から10マイクロメートルである請求項1または2に記載の気泡食品。
- 前記繊維が、有機繊維である請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の気泡食品。
- 前記繊維が、例えばシトラス繊維などのセルロース繊維である請求項4に記載の気泡食品。
- 前記繊維が、微結晶性セルロースである請求項5に記載の気泡食品。
- 前記繊維が、アセトバクターから得られる微結晶性セルロースである請求項6に記載の気泡食品。
- 界面活性粒子の接触角が、60°と120°との間、好ましくは70°と110°との間、より好ましくは80°と100°との間である請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の気泡食品。
- 前記界面活性粒子の体積加重平均直径が、0.01から10μmの範囲、好ましくは0.1から1μmの範囲である請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の気泡食品。
- 前記界面活性粒子が、有機粒子である請求項1から9のいずれか一項に記載の気泡食品。
- 前記界面活性粒子が、変性セルロース、加工でんぷん、タンパク質、およびその混合物からなる群から選択される物質から作られている請求項10に記載の気泡食品。
- 前記界面活性粒子が、メチルセルロースまたはエチルセルロースから作られている請求項11に記載の気泡食品。
- 前記界面活性粒子が、無機物質である請求項1から9のいずれか一項に記載の気泡食品。
- 前記界面活性粒子が、無機物質であって、60°と120°との間、好ましくは70°と110°との間、より好ましくは80°と100°との間の接触角を得るよう改質されている請求項13に記載の気泡食品。
- (a)界面活性粒子を含む水分散液を調製する段階と、
(b)乾燥粉末または水分散液の形態の前記分散体に繊維を加える段階と、
(c)得られた混合物にガスを取り入れ均質化する段階であって、それにより、繊維が、界面活性粒子と繊維との間の引力相互作用によって、ガス-水界面でin situで界面活性粒子と共に集合して、安定泡沫を形成する段階
を含む、安定した泡沫の形態の気泡食品を調製するための方法。 - 前記ガスが、空気である請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記繊維の長さが、0.1から100マイクロメートル、好ましくは1から10マイクロメートルである請求項15または16に記載の方法。
- 前記繊維が、有機繊維である請求項15から17のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記繊維が、例えばシトラス繊維などのセルロース繊維である請求項18に記載の方法。
- 前記繊維が、微結晶性セルロースである請求項19に記載の方法。
- 前記繊維が、アセトバクターから得られる微結晶性セルロースである請求項20に記載の方法。
- 界面活性粒子の接触角が、60°と120°との間、好ましくは70°と110°との間、より好ましくは80°と100°との間である請求項15から21のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記界面活性粒子の体積加重平均直径が、0.01から10μmの範囲、好ましくは0.1から1μmの範囲である請求項15から22のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記界面活性粒子が、有機粒子である請求項15から23のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記界面活性粒子が、有機物質であって、60°と120°との間、好ましくは70°と110°との間、より好ましくは80°と100°との間の接触角を得るよう改質されている請求項15から24のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記界面活性粒子が、変性セルロース、加工でんぷん、タンパク質粒子、およびその混合物からなる群から選択される請求項15から25のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記界面活性粒子が、メチルセルロースまたはエチルセルロースから作られている請求項26に記載の方法。
- 前記界面活性粒子が、無機物質である請求項13から23のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- ガス気泡10〜80体積%、水15〜90重量%、および界面活性粒子と繊維との間の引力相互作用によって、空気-水界面で界面活性粒子と共に集合した繊維0.01から10重量%を含む、請求項15から28のいずれか一項に記載の方法によって得られる気泡食品。
- 前記ガスが空気である請求項29に記載の食品。
- フルーツスムージー、コーヒークリーマー、飲用に適した食品、マヨネーズ、サラダドレッシング、ムース、ソース、スープ、および飲料などの気泡製品からなる群から選択される食品を得るために、請求項1から30のいずれか一項に記載の気泡食品に、さらなる成分を加える段階を含む安定化食品の調製のための方法。
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EP06122405 | 2006-10-17 | ||
EP06122405.1 | 2006-10-17 | ||
EP07110536 | 2007-06-19 | ||
EP07110536.5 | 2007-06-19 | ||
PCT/EP2007/059658 WO2008046699A1 (en) | 2006-10-17 | 2007-09-13 | Aerated food product and process for preparing it |
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US (1) | US20100189857A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2081443A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5563304B2 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2007312500B2 (ja) |
BR (1) | BRPI0715234A2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2665925A1 (ja) |
MX (1) | MX2009003806A (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2009118469A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2008046699A1 (ja) |
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JP7477862B2 (ja) | 2020-04-08 | 2024-05-02 | 奥野製薬工業株式会社 | 食品用風味改良剤およびそれを用いた食品の風味改良方法 |
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MX2018009378A (es) | 2016-02-05 | 2018-09-05 | Unilever Nv | Dulce congelado. |
JP6769748B2 (ja) | 2016-06-16 | 2020-10-14 | 日本製紙株式会社 | 発泡性エアゾール組成物 |
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JP2021512062A (ja) * | 2018-02-02 | 2021-05-13 | インデナ エッセ ピ ア | ベルベリンを含む組成物 |
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JP7477862B2 (ja) | 2020-04-08 | 2024-05-02 | 奥野製薬工業株式会社 | 食品用風味改良剤およびそれを用いた食品の風味改良方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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WO2008046699A1 (en) | 2008-04-24 |
BRPI0715234A2 (pt) | 2013-06-25 |
CA2665925A1 (en) | 2008-04-24 |
AU2007312500A1 (en) | 2008-04-24 |
EP2081443A1 (en) | 2009-07-29 |
JP5563304B2 (ja) | 2014-07-30 |
US20100189857A1 (en) | 2010-07-29 |
MX2009003806A (es) | 2009-04-22 |
RU2009118469A (ru) | 2010-11-27 |
AU2007312500B2 (en) | 2011-04-07 |
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