JP2010275563A - Method for producing phosphoric-esterified unsaturated alcohol-based copolymer - Google Patents

Method for producing phosphoric-esterified unsaturated alcohol-based copolymer Download PDF

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JP2010275563A
JP2010275563A JP2010204369A JP2010204369A JP2010275563A JP 2010275563 A JP2010275563 A JP 2010275563A JP 2010204369 A JP2010204369 A JP 2010204369A JP 2010204369 A JP2010204369 A JP 2010204369A JP 2010275563 A JP2010275563 A JP 2010275563A
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Yoshio Kanzaki
吉夫 神崎
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Uni-Chemical Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing a phosphoric-esterified unsaturated alcohol-based copolymer having an excellent hue. <P>SOLUTION: There is provided a method for reacting an unsaturated alcohol-based copolymer containing at least an unsaturated alcohol unit and a fatty acid vinyl unit with phosphoric anhydride and a hydrogen peroxide solution. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、色相に優れ、固体高分子電解質膜、塗料、紙・パルプ用改質剤等に有用なリン酸エステル化不飽和アルコール系共重合体を製造する方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a method for producing a phosphate esterified unsaturated alcohol copolymer having excellent hue and useful for a solid polymer electrolyte membrane, a paint, a paper / pulp modifier, and the like.

固体高分子電解質材料として、いわゆる陽イオン交換樹脂に属するポリマー、例えば、ポリスチレンスルホン酸、ポリビニルスルホン酸、パーフルオロスルホン酸ポリマー、パーフルオロカルボン酸ポリマー[Polymer Preprints, Japan Vol. 42, No. 7, pp. 2490〜2492 (1993), Polymer Preprints, Japan Vol. 43, No. 3, pp. 735〜736 (1994), Polymer Preprints, Japan Vol. 42, No. 3, p. 730 (1993)]等が報告されている。   Polymers belonging to so-called cation exchange resins such as polystyrene sulfonic acid, polyvinyl sulfonic acid, perfluorosulfonic acid polymer, perfluorocarboxylic acid polymer [Polymer Preprints, Japan Vol. 42, No. 7, pp. 2490-2492 (1993), Polymer Preprints, Japan Vol. 43, No. 3, pp. 735-736 (1994), Polymer Preprints, Japan Vol. 42, No. 3, p. 730 (1993)] etc. Has been reported.

特に側鎖にスルホン酸基を有する固体高分子材料は、特定のイオンと強固に結合したり、陽イオン又は陰イオンを選択的に透過したりする性質を有しているので、粒子状、繊維状又は膜状に成形され、電気透析膜、拡散透析膜、電池隔膜等の各種用途に利用されている。中でもNafion(デュポン(株)製)の商標で知られるパーフルオロ骨格の側鎖にスルホン酸基を有するフッ素系高分子電解質膜は耐熱性及び耐薬品性に優れており、苛酷な条件下での使用に耐える電解質膜として実用化されている。しかし上記のようなフッ素系電解質膜は非常に高価であるという問題を抱えている。   In particular, a solid polymer material having a sulfonic acid group in the side chain has a property of binding firmly to a specific ion or selectively transmitting a cation or an anion. It is formed into a shape or a membrane and is used in various applications such as electrodialysis membranes, diffusion dialysis membranes, and battery membranes. Above all, a fluoropolymer electrolyte membrane having a sulfonic acid group in the side chain of the perfluoro skeleton known by the trademark Nafion (manufactured by DuPont) is excellent in heat resistance and chemical resistance, and can be used under severe conditions. It has been put to practical use as an electrolyte membrane that can withstand use. However, the fluorine-based electrolyte membrane as described above has a problem that it is very expensive.

ところで、常温作動型のプロトン伝導性固体電解質は、固体内に含有される水の作用によってプロトンが高速に運搬されるため、代替材にも十分な吸水性が要求される。特に多くは湿潤環境によって使用されるため、耐水性も兼ね備えなければならない。従来のパーフルオロスルホン酸系の電解質では親水性の高いスルホン酸基周辺に吸収された水がイオンを高速に運搬し、ポリフルオロエチレン骨格部分が耐水性、化学的安定性、高温耐久性などを維持する役割を果たしている。   By the way, the proton conducting solid electrolyte operating at room temperature is required to have sufficient water absorption even for an alternative material because protons are transported at a high speed by the action of water contained in the solid. In particular, many are used in wet environments, so they must also have water resistance. In conventional perfluorosulfonic acid electrolytes, water absorbed around the highly hydrophilic sulfonic acid group carries ions at a high speed, and the polyfluoroethylene skeleton has water resistance, chemical stability, high temperature durability, etc. Plays the role of maintaining.

親水性が高くて安価な炭化水素系高分子材料の一例としてポリビニルアルコール(PVA)があり、これにリン酸を混合してプロトン伝導性を持たせた材料がプロトン伝導性固体電解質として利用可能である。この固体電解質ではPVAの高い吸水性によって高速なプロトンの移動が可能であるが、PVAが水に溶解し易いため、湿潤環境での材料安定性が低いという難点がある。   Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is an example of a highly hydrophilic and inexpensive hydrocarbon polymer material, and a material with proton conductivity mixed with phosphoric acid can be used as a proton conductive solid electrolyte. is there. This solid electrolyte can move protons at high speed due to the high water absorption of PVA. However, since PVA is easily dissolved in water, there is a problem that the material stability in a wet environment is low.

そこで特開2003-7133号(特許文献1)は、珪酸のアルカリ金属塩とリン酸とPVAとを溶解した水溶液を中和し、溶媒としての水を除去し、不要塩を除去することにより得られ、水を内包した珪酸化合物とリン酸化合物とPVAとからなるイオン伝導性固体電解質を提案している。このイオン伝導性固体電解質は、珪酸化合物による耐水性と、PVAによる吸水性とを兼備し、低価格である。しかし特許文献1のイオン伝導性固体電解質は、珪酸化合物を含むため、薄膜加工が困難であるという問題点がある。PVAの耐水性改善のために、ポリ塩化ビニル等の耐水性樹脂を添加する方法があるが、PVAとポリ塩化ビニルは相溶性が悪い。   JP 2003-7133 (Patent Document 1) is obtained by neutralizing an aqueous solution in which an alkali metal salt of silicic acid, phosphoric acid and PVA are dissolved, removing water as a solvent, and removing unnecessary salts. We have proposed an ion-conducting solid electrolyte consisting of water-containing silicic acid compound, phosphoric acid compound and PVA. This ion conductive solid electrolyte has both water resistance by a silicic acid compound and water absorption by PVA, and is inexpensive. However, since the ion conductive solid electrolyte of Patent Document 1 contains a silicate compound, there is a problem that thin film processing is difficult. In order to improve the water resistance of PVA, there is a method of adding a water resistant resin such as polyvinyl chloride, but PVA and polyvinyl chloride have poor compatibility.

特開2004-185891号(特許文献2)は、ポリビニルフォスフェート(PVAの水酸基をリン酸基で置換した構造を有する重合体)と塩基性分子(イミダゾール等)を混合して得られる高分子電解質膜を提案している。この膜では、塩基性分子がプロトン伝導媒体となるので、無加湿下でもプロトン伝導性を示し、加湿装置を必要としない。しかし燃料電池作動時に、高分子電解質膜から生じた遊離酸がシステム障害をもたらす恐れがある。   Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-185891 (Patent Document 2) discloses a polymer electrolyte obtained by mixing polyvinyl phosphate (a polymer having a structure in which the hydroxyl group of PVA is substituted with a phosphate group) and a basic molecule (such as imidazole). A membrane is proposed. In this membrane, since basic molecules serve as a proton conduction medium, the membrane exhibits proton conductivity even without humidification, and does not require a humidifier. However, free acid generated from the polymer electrolyte membrane may cause a system failure when the fuel cell is operated.

不飽和アルコール系共重合体をリン酸エステル化する方法に関しては、本出願人は先に、不飽和アルコール系共重合体と、リン酸源化合物と、水とを、水酸基を有しない有機溶媒中で反応させる方法を提案した(特願2004-307196号)。しかしこの方法により得られるリン酸エステル化不飽和アルコール系共重合体は色相が不十分な場合があり、塗料、紙・パルプ用改質剤等の用途に使用する場合に色相改善が望まれる。   With regard to the method of phosphoric esterifying an unsaturated alcohol copolymer, the present applicant has previously described an unsaturated alcohol copolymer, a phosphoric acid source compound, and water in an organic solvent having no hydroxyl group. Proposed a method of reacting with (No. 2004-307196). However, the phosphate esterified unsaturated alcohol copolymer obtained by this method may have an insufficient hue, and it is desired to improve the hue when used in applications such as paints, paper and pulp modifiers.

特開2003-7133号JP2003-7133 特開2004-185891号JP2004-185891

本発明の目的は、色相に優れたリン酸エステル化不飽和アルコール系共重合体を製造する方法を提供することである。   An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a phosphate esterified unsaturated alcohol copolymer excellent in hue.

上記目的に鑑み鋭意研究の結果、本発明者は、不飽和アルコール系共重合体に、無水リン酸及び過酸化水素水を反応させることにより、色相に優れたリン酸エステル化不飽和アルコール系共重合体が得られることを見出し、本発明に想到した。   As a result of diligent research in view of the above-mentioned object, the present inventor has obtained a phosphoric esterified unsaturated alcohol copolymer having excellent hue by reacting an unsaturated alcohol copolymer with anhydrous phosphoric acid and aqueous hydrogen peroxide. The inventors have found that a polymer can be obtained and have arrived at the present invention.

本発明のリン酸エステル化不飽和アルコール系共重合体の製造方法は、少なくとも不飽和アルコール単位及び脂肪酸ビニル単位を含む不飽和アルコール系共重合体に、無水リン酸及び過酸化水素水を反応させることを特徴とする。   In the process for producing a phosphoric esterified unsaturated alcohol copolymer of the present invention, an unsaturated alcohol copolymer containing at least an unsaturated alcohol unit and a fatty acid vinyl unit is reacted with anhydrous phosphoric acid and aqueous hydrogen peroxide. It is characterized by that.

前記不飽和アルコール系共重合体は、式(1):

Figure 2010275563
で表される繰り返し単位(I)、及び式(2):
Figure 2010275563
(但しR1はアルキル基である)で表される繰り返し単位(II)を有するのが好ましい。前記繰り返し単位(II)は、酢酸ビニル単位、プロピン酸ビニル単位又は酪酸ビニル単位であるのが好ましく、かつこれらのうち2種以上の構成単位を含んでもよい。 The unsaturated alcohol copolymer has the formula (1):
Figure 2010275563
The repeating unit (I) represented by the formula (2):
Figure 2010275563
It is preferable to have a repeating unit (II) represented by (wherein R 1 is an alkyl group). The repeating unit (II) is preferably a vinyl acetate unit, a vinyl propinate unit or a vinyl butyrate unit, and may contain two or more kinds of constituent units.

前記不飽和アルコール系共重合体の水酸基1当量に対する前記無水リン酸の配合割合は0.5〜1モルが好ましい。前記無水リン酸1モルに対する前記過酸化水素水の配合割合は、過酸化水素及び水の合計で1〜3モルが好ましい。   The blending ratio of the phosphoric anhydride with respect to 1 equivalent of the hydroxyl group of the unsaturated alcohol copolymer is preferably 0.5 to 1 mol. The mixing ratio of the hydrogen peroxide solution to 1 mol of phosphoric anhydride is preferably 1 to 3 mol in total for hydrogen peroxide and water.

本発明のリン酸エステル化不飽和アルコール系共重合体の製造方法では、脂肪酸ビニル単位を含む不飽和アルコール系共重合体に、無水リン酸及び過酸化水素水を反応させるので、色相に優れたリン酸エステル化不飽和アルコール系共重合体が得られる。このような特性を有するリン酸エステル化不飽和アルコール系共重合体は、固体高分子電解質膜、導電性樹脂、帯電防止剤、防曇材料、紙・パルプ用改質剤、塗料、コーティング剤等の各種用途に適している。   In the method for producing a phosphate esterified unsaturated alcohol copolymer of the present invention, an unsaturated alcohol copolymer containing a fatty acid vinyl unit is reacted with anhydrous phosphoric acid and hydrogen peroxide solution, so that the hue is excellent. A phosphate esterified unsaturated alcohol copolymer is obtained. Phosphorylated esterified unsaturated alcohol copolymers having such properties include solid polymer electrolyte membranes, conductive resins, antistatic agents, antifogging materials, paper / pulp modifiers, paints, coating agents, etc. Suitable for various applications.

本発明のリン酸エステル化不飽和アルコール系共重合体の製造方法は、不飽和アルコール系共重合体に、無水リン酸及び過酸化水素水を反応させるものである。
[1] 不飽和アルコール系共重合体
不飽和アルコール系共重合体は少なくとも不飽和アルコール単位及び脂肪酸ビニル単位を含む。不飽和アルコール単位としては、ビニルアルコール単位、アリルアルコール単位等が挙げられるが、製造コストの観点からビニルアルコール単位が好ましい。なおビニルアルコールは、単量体としては存在しないが、不飽和アルコール系共重合体の構成単位としては存在する。ビニルアルコール単位を得るには、酢酸ビニル単位を含む不飽和アルコール系共重合体を調製し、鹸化すればよい。
In the method for producing a phosphoric esterified unsaturated alcohol copolymer of the present invention, an unsaturated alcohol copolymer is reacted with anhydrous phosphoric acid and aqueous hydrogen peroxide.
[1] Unsaturated alcohol copolymer The unsaturated alcohol copolymer contains at least an unsaturated alcohol unit and a fatty acid vinyl unit. Examples of the unsaturated alcohol unit include a vinyl alcohol unit and an allyl alcohol unit, and a vinyl alcohol unit is preferable from the viewpoint of production cost. Vinyl alcohol does not exist as a monomer, but exists as a constituent unit of an unsaturated alcohol copolymer. In order to obtain vinyl alcohol units, an unsaturated alcohol copolymer containing vinyl acetate units may be prepared and saponified.

ビニルアルコール単位を有する不飽和アルコール系共重合体は、式(1):

Figure 2010275563
で表される繰り返し単位(I)(ビニルアルコール単位)、及び式(2):
Figure 2010275563
(但しR1はアルキル基である)で表される繰り返し単位(II)(脂肪酸ビニル単位)を有する。 The unsaturated alcohol copolymer having vinyl alcohol units is represented by the formula (1):
Figure 2010275563
Repeating unit (I) (vinyl alcohol unit) represented by the formula (2):
Figure 2010275563
(Wherein R 1 is an alkyl group) and a repeating unit (II) (fatty acid vinyl unit).

脂肪酸ビニル単位としては酢酸ビニル単位、プロピン酸ビニル単位、酪酸ビニル単位等が挙げられるが、酢酸ビニル単位が好ましい。不飽和アルコール単位及び脂肪酸ビニル単位は各々二種以上を含んでもよい。   Examples of the fatty acid vinyl unit include a vinyl acetate unit, a vinyl propinate unit, and a vinyl butyrate unit, and a vinyl acetate unit is preferable. Each of the unsaturated alcohol unit and the fatty acid vinyl unit may contain two or more kinds.

不飽和アルコール系共重合体中の不飽和アルコール単位の割合は特に制限されないが、不飽和アルコール系共重合体を構成するビニル系単量体単位の合計を100モル%として、5〜60モル%であるのが好ましく、20〜50モル%がより好ましい。この割合が5モル%未満だと、リン酸エステル化に必要な水酸基量が少ない。   The ratio of the unsaturated alcohol unit in the unsaturated alcohol copolymer is not particularly limited, but the total of the vinyl monomer units constituting the unsaturated alcohol copolymer is 100 mol%, and 5 to 60 mol%. It is preferable that 20 to 50 mol% is more preferable. When this proportion is less than 5 mol%, the amount of hydroxyl group required for the phosphoric esterification is small.

脂肪酸ビニル単位の割合は特に制限されないが、不飽和アルコール系共重合体を構成するビニル系単量体単位の合計を100モル%として、40〜95モル%が好ましく、50〜80モル%がより好ましい。不飽和アルコール系共重合体は脂肪酸ビニル単位のアルキル基により耐水性及び耐溶剤性に優れている。   The ratio of the fatty acid vinyl unit is not particularly limited, but the total amount of vinyl monomer units constituting the unsaturated alcohol copolymer is 100 mol%, preferably 40 to 95 mol%, more preferably 50 to 80 mol%. preferable. The unsaturated alcohol copolymer is excellent in water resistance and solvent resistance due to the alkyl group of the fatty acid vinyl unit.

不飽和アルコール系共重合体は、脂肪酸ビニル又はこれを含む単量体組成物の重合体を調製し、部分的に鹸化することにより調製することができる。不飽和アルコール系共重合体の平均重合度に特に制限はないが、100〜3,000が好ましい。   The unsaturated alcohol copolymer can be prepared by preparing a polymer of fatty acid vinyl or a monomer composition containing the same and partially saponifying it. The average degree of polymerization of the unsaturated alcohol copolymer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 100 to 3,000.

不飽和アルコール系共重合体として市販品を使用してもよく、酢酸ビニル単位を有するポリビニルアルコールとして、例えばクラレLMポリマー及びポバール(登録商標、株式会社クラレ製)、ゴーセノール(登録商標、日本合成化学工業株式会社製)等が挙げられる。酢酸ビニル単位を有するポリビニルアルコールの鹸化度は5〜60が好ましく、20〜50がより好ましい。   Commercially available products may be used as the unsaturated alcohol copolymer. Examples of polyvinyl alcohols having vinyl acetate units include Kuraray LM Polymer and Poval (registered trademark, manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.), Gohsenol (registered trademark, Nippon Synthetic Chemical). Kogyo Co., Ltd.). The saponification degree of the polyvinyl alcohol having a vinyl acetate unit is preferably 5 to 60, and more preferably 20 to 50.

不飽和アルコール系共重合体は、その他の不飽和単量体単位を含んでもよい。他の不飽和単量体は、(i) 分子内に1個以上のエチレン性不飽和結合と酸性基とを有する不飽和単量体、及び(ii) 分子内に1個以上のエチレン性不飽和結合を有するが酸性基を有しない不飽和単量体に大別される。酸性基を有する不飽和単量体は、リン酸基、スルホン酸基、カルボン酸基及びアルコール性水酸基からなる群から選ばれた少なくとも一種の酸性基を有するのが好ましい。酸性基を有しない不飽和単量体としては(メタ)アクリロニトリル、(メタ)アクリル酸エステル類、(メタ)アクリル酸アミド類、アルキルアミノ基含有不飽和単量体、置換又は無置換のスチレン類、ビニル類、オレフィン類(例えばエチレン等)、ジエン類等が挙げられる。   The unsaturated alcohol copolymer may contain other unsaturated monomer units. Other unsaturated monomers include (i) an unsaturated monomer having one or more ethylenically unsaturated bonds and acidic groups in the molecule, and (ii) one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers in the molecule. It is roughly classified into unsaturated monomers having a saturated bond but not having an acidic group. The unsaturated monomer having an acidic group preferably has at least one acidic group selected from the group consisting of a phosphoric acid group, a sulfonic acid group, a carboxylic acid group, and an alcoholic hydroxyl group. Examples of unsaturated monomers having no acidic group include (meth) acrylonitrile, (meth) acrylic acid esters, (meth) acrylic acid amides, alkylamino group-containing unsaturated monomers, substituted or unsubstituted styrenes , Vinyls, olefins (for example, ethylene), dienes and the like.

[2] リン酸エステル化方法
上記不飽和アルコール系共重合体に、無水リン酸(P2O5)及び過酸化水素水を反応させることにより、上記不飽和アルコール系共重合体をリン酸エステル化する。不飽和アルコール系共重合体の水酸基1当量に対するP2O5の配合割合は、所望のリン酸エステル化度に応じて適宜設定すればよいが、全ての水酸基をリン酸エステル化するには水酸基1当量に対し0.5モル以上とするのが好ましい。この配合割合の上限は1モル以下とするのが好ましい。
[2] Phosphoric esterification method The unsaturated alcohol copolymer is reacted with phosphoric anhydride (P 2 O 5 ) and hydrogen peroxide solution, thereby converting the unsaturated alcohol copolymer into a phosphate ester. Turn into. The blending ratio of P 2 O 5 with respect to 1 equivalent of the hydroxyl group of the unsaturated alcohol copolymer may be appropriately set according to the desired degree of phosphate esterification. The amount is preferably 0.5 mol or more per 1 equivalent. The upper limit of the blending ratio is preferably 1 mol or less.

過酸化水素水の濃度に特に制限はないが、例えば1〜20質量%である。過酸化水素水の配合割合は、1モルのP2O5に対して、過酸化水素及び水の合計が1〜3モルであるのが好ましく、1.3〜1.8モルであるのがより好ましい。過酸化水素水を使用することにより、得られるリン酸エステル化不飽和アルコール系共重合体の色相が向上する。 Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular in the density | concentration of hydrogen peroxide water, For example, it is 1-20 mass%. The blending ratio of the hydrogen peroxide solution is preferably 1 to 3 mol, more preferably 1.3 to 1.8 mol, with respect to 1 mol of P 2 O 5 . By using hydrogen peroxide solution, the hue of the resulting phosphate esterified unsaturated alcohol copolymer is improved.

反応手順について述べる。まず攪拌器、還流冷却器付き反応器に[不飽和アルコール系共重合体+溶媒]からなる溶液を投入し、30〜70℃に昇温する。この時ハイドロキノンモノメチルエーテル、パラメトキシハイドロキノン等の公知の重合禁止剤を一緒に投入してもよい。所定温度到達後にP2O5及び過酸化水素水を添加する。P2O5及び過酸化水素水は1〜7時間の間に2〜10回にわたり分割添加するのが好ましい。これによりリン酸エステル化反応が促進される。但し分割添加することに限定されず、必要に応じて少量ずつ連続的に添加してもよい。その後も30〜70℃に保温し、1〜5時間反応を継続する。得られた反応溶液を室温まで冷却する。冷却により副生した無機ポリリン酸等が析出した場合は、自然濾過又は吸引濾過により、析出した固体を濾別する。 The reaction procedure is described. First, a solution consisting of [unsaturated alcohol copolymer + solvent] is put into a reactor equipped with a stirrer and a reflux condenser, and the temperature is raised to 30 to 70 ° C. At this time, a known polymerization inhibitor such as hydroquinone monomethyl ether or paramethoxyhydroquinone may be added together. After reaching the predetermined temperature, P 2 O 5 and hydrogen peroxide solution are added. P 2 O 5 and aqueous hydrogen peroxide are preferably added in portions 2 to 10 times within 1 to 7 hours. Thereby, the phosphoric acid esterification reaction is promoted. However, it is not limited to divided addition, and may be added in small portions continuously as necessary. Thereafter, the temperature is kept at 30 to 70 ° C., and the reaction is continued for 1 to 5 hours. The resulting reaction solution is cooled to room temperature. When inorganic polyphosphoric acid or the like by-produced by cooling is deposited, the deposited solid is separated by natural filtration or suction filtration.

溶媒としては水酸基を有しない有機溶媒が好ましい。そのような有機溶媒として、下記式(3):

Figure 2010275563
(但しR2は水素又はメチル基であり、R3及びR4はそれぞれ独立にアルキル基を表す。)により表されるN,N-ジアルキル(メタ)アクリルアミド、ジメチルホルムアミド(DMF)、N,N-ジメチルアセトアミド(DMAc)等のアミド系溶媒、及びテトラヒドロフラン(THF)等が好ましい。これらの溶媒は、単独で用いてもよいし、二種以上を併用してもよい。 As the solvent, an organic solvent having no hydroxyl group is preferable. As such an organic solvent, the following formula (3):
Figure 2010275563
(Wherein R 2 is hydrogen or a methyl group, and R 3 and R 4 each independently represents an alkyl group.) N, N-dialkyl (meth) acrylamide, dimethylformamide (DMF), N, N An amide solvent such as dimethylacetamide (DMAc) and tetrahydrofuran (THF) are preferred. These solvents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

中でも溶媒としてはN,N-ジアルキル(メタ)アクリルアミド、DMF、及びTHFからなる群から選ばれた少なくとも一種が好ましい。N,N-ジアルキル(メタ)アクリルアミドのR3及びR4が表すアルキル基の炭素数は2以下であるのが好ましい。中でもN,N-ジアルキル(メタ)アクリルアミドとしてはN,N-ジメチルアクリルアミド(DMAA)及びN,N-ジメチルメタクリルアミドがより好ましい。 Among them, the solvent is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of N, N-dialkyl (meth) acrylamide, DMF, and THF. The alkyl group represented by R 3 and R 4 of N, N-dialkyl (meth) acrylamide preferably has 2 or less carbon atoms. Among these, N, N-dimethylacrylamide (DMAA) and N, N-dimethylmethacrylamide are more preferable as N, N-dialkyl (meth) acrylamide.

反応を促進し、かつ副生成物の生成を抑制するため、反応溶液はP2O5添加前の初期濃度(不飽和アルコール系共重合体原料の濃度)が20〜50質量%であるのが好ましく、25〜40質量%であるのがより好ましい。不飽和アルコール系共重合体とP2O5の反応により粘度が上昇するが、必要に応じて溶剤を添加することにより粘度を下げればよい。 In order to promote the reaction and suppress the formation of by-products, the reaction solution has an initial concentration (concentration of unsaturated alcohol copolymer raw material) before addition of P 2 O 5 of 20 to 50% by mass. Preferably, it is 25-40 mass%. Although the viscosity increases due to the reaction of the unsaturated alcohol copolymer and P 2 O 5 , the viscosity may be decreased by adding a solvent as necessary.

未反応のP2O5や副生した無機ポリリン酸等を除去するために、反応後の溶液を金網等により濾過する。得られた粗樹脂は、これに対する貧溶媒により洗浄する。洗浄は、上記濾過後の溶液に貧溶媒を添加し、攪拌し、樹脂を析出させ、濾過することにより行う。必要に応じて、上記洗浄操作を繰り返してもよい。貧溶媒として、例えばクロロフォルム、トリクレン、キシレン、n-ヘキサン等が挙げられる。樹脂の析出が不能な場合、濾過後の溶液をセルロースチューブ等に入れて純水で透析するのが好ましい。洗浄後の析出樹脂を乾燥するか、透析後の反応溶液から溶媒を留去することにより、リン酸エステル化不飽和アルコール系共重合体を単離する。 In order to remove unreacted P 2 O 5 , by-produced inorganic polyphosphoric acid, and the like, the solution after the reaction is filtered through a wire mesh or the like. The obtained crude resin is washed with a poor solvent for this. Washing is performed by adding a poor solvent to the solution after the filtration, stirring, precipitating the resin, and filtering. You may repeat the said washing | cleaning operation as needed. Examples of the poor solvent include chloroform, trichlene, xylene, n-hexane and the like. When the resin cannot be precipitated, it is preferable to place the filtered solution in a cellulose tube or the like and dialyze with pure water. The precipitated resin after washing is dried or the solvent is distilled off from the reaction solution after dialysis to isolate the phosphate esterified unsaturated alcohol copolymer.

[3] リン酸エステル化不飽和アルコール系共重合体
かくして得られるリン酸エステル化不飽和アルコール系共重合体は、例えば上記式(1)により表されるビニルアルコール単位、及び上記式(2)により表される脂肪酸ビニル単位を有する不飽和アルコール系共重合体を原料とした場合、ビニルアルコール単位の少なくとも一部の水酸基がリン酸エステル化されて、式(4):

Figure 2010275563
で表される繰り返し単位(III)(リン酸エステル化ビニルアルコール単位)と、上記式(2)により表される脂肪酸ビニル単位とを有するものとなる。 [3] Phosphate esterified unsaturated alcohol copolymer The phosphoric esterified unsaturated alcohol copolymer thus obtained includes, for example, a vinyl alcohol unit represented by the above formula (1), and the above formula (2) When the unsaturated alcohol copolymer having a fatty acid vinyl unit represented by formula (1) is used as a raw material, at least a part of the hydroxyl groups of the vinyl alcohol unit is converted to a phosphoric ester, and the formula (4):
Figure 2010275563
It has a repeating unit (III) (phosphorylated vinyl alcohol unit) represented by the formula (2) and a fatty acid vinyl unit represented by the above formula (2).

本発明の製造方法により得られるリン酸エステル化不飽和アルコール系共重合体は色相に優れている。具体的には、ガードナー法により測定した色相値が0.5〜1.5である。しかも本発明の製造方法により得られるリン酸エステル化不飽和アルコール系共重合体は、導電性、耐水性及び耐溶剤性のバランスに優れ、安価である。このような特性を有するリン酸エステル化不飽和アルコール系共重合体は、固体高分子電解質膜、導電性樹脂、帯電防止剤、防曇材料、紙・パルプ用改質剤、塗料、コーティング剤等の各種用途に有用である。   The phosphate esterified unsaturated alcohol copolymer obtained by the production method of the present invention is excellent in hue. Specifically, the hue value measured by the Gardner method is 0.5 to 1.5. Moreover, the phosphate esterified unsaturated alcohol copolymer obtained by the production method of the present invention has an excellent balance of conductivity, water resistance and solvent resistance and is inexpensive. Phosphorylated esterified unsaturated alcohol copolymers having such properties include solid polymer electrolyte membranes, conductive resins, antistatic agents, antifogging materials, paper / pulp modifiers, paints, coating agents, etc. It is useful for various applications.

リン酸エステル化不飽和アルコール系共重合体は、必要に応じて錯塩にしてもよく、これにより導電性及び耐熱性が向上する。錯塩としてはアンモニウム塩、アミン塩又は金属塩が好ましい。アンモニウム塩又はアミン塩を形成する場合、電荷を中和させるため、例えば第1級、第2級、第3級又は第4級のアルキル基、アリル基、アラルキル基等を含有するアンモニウムイオンやモノ、ジ又はトリアルカノールアミン残基と錯塩を形成するのが好ましい。金属塩としては、カリウム塩等のアルカリ金属塩、及び酸化第1銅塩(赤茶色)、酸化第2銅塩(青色)、酸化第1/第2銅塩の等モル混合物(灰色)、酸化第2鉄塩(茶色)等の重金属塩が好ましい。これらの重金属塩は少々着色しているが、特に導電性が高く、ゲル化することがなく、かつ膜化が可能であるので、プロトン導電性固体高分子電解質膜に適している。これらの錯塩は単独で用いてもよいし、複数種を併用してもよい。   The phosphate esterified unsaturated alcohol copolymer may be converted into a complex salt if necessary, thereby improving conductivity and heat resistance. The complex salt is preferably an ammonium salt, an amine salt or a metal salt. When an ammonium salt or an amine salt is formed, in order to neutralize the charge, for example, an ammonium ion or mono-containing compound containing a primary, secondary, tertiary or quaternary alkyl group, allyl group, aralkyl group, etc. It is preferable to form a complex salt with a di- or trialkanolamine residue. As metal salts, alkali metal salts such as potassium salts, cuprous oxide (reddish brown), cupric oxide (blue), equimolar mixture of cuprous oxide (1) and cupric salt (gray), oxidation Heavy metal salts such as ferric salt (brown) are preferred. Although these heavy metal salts are slightly colored, they are particularly suitable for proton conductive solid polymer electrolyte membranes because they are highly conductive, do not gel, and can be formed into membranes. These complex salts may be used alone or in combination.

本発明を以下の実施例によりさらに詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらの例に限定されるものではない。   The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

実施例1
還流冷却管、粉末投入口及び温度計を接続した自動合成反応装置(内容積1L、ユニケミカル(株)製)に、375 gのTHFを入れ、173 gの酢酸ビニル単位含有ポリビニルアルコール(商品名「クラレLMポリマーLM-20」、鹸化率:38〜42モル%、水酸基当量:約173、株式会社クラレ製)を加え、溶解した。攪拌回転数を2,120 rpmに保持し、反応温度を30〜58℃の範囲に保持しながら、18 gの7質量%過酸化水素水(過酸化水素及び水の合計:0.94モル)及び78 gのP2O5(0.55モル)を、各々ほぼ6分の1ずつ6回に分けて、ほぼ等間隔で6時間かけて投入した。水及びP2O5を全て投入後、30℃の温度条件及び2,120 rpmの攪拌条件で4時間熟成反応を行った。
Example 1
375 g of THF was placed in an automatic synthesis reactor (internal volume 1 L, manufactured by Unichemical Co., Ltd.) connected to a reflux condenser, a powder inlet and a thermometer, and 173 g of polyvinyl alcohol containing vinyl acetate units (trade name) “Kuraray LM Polymer LM-20”, saponification rate: 38 to 42 mol%, hydroxyl group equivalent: about 173, manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) was added and dissolved. While maintaining the stirring speed at 2,120 rpm and maintaining the reaction temperature in the range of 30-58 ° C., 18 g of 7% by mass hydrogen peroxide (total of hydrogen peroxide and water: 0.94 mol) and 78 g P 2 O 5 (0.55 mol) was added in 6 times, approximately 1/6 each, over 6 hours at approximately equal intervals. After all the water and P 2 O 5 had been added, an aging reaction was performed for 4 hours under a temperature condition of 30 ° C. and a stirring condition of 2,120 rpm.

得られたリン酸エステル化不飽和アルコール系共重合体(以下特段の断りがない限り「ポリマーA」と呼ぶ)を含む溶液(反応生成液)を金網(100メッシュ)で濾過して、微量のゲル化物等の不純物を除去した。濾過後の反応生成液に等容積のn-ヘキサンを加え、攪拌し、析出した粘性樹脂を濾過した。濾液は未反応の無水リン酸が変化した正リン酸を含むTHFが溶解し、白濁していた。同量のn-ヘキサンを用いて、ポリマーAをさらに2回洗浄した。3回目に洗浄した時の濾液は、ほぼ透明であった。精製後のポリマーAをTHFに溶解させて534 gの溶液を調製した。得られた精製ポリマーA含有THF溶液から少量を抜き出し、熱風乾燥器中で100℃で30分間乾燥し、質量を測定した結果、この溶液における固形分は42.6質量%であった。この濃度から算出した精製後のポリマーAの乾燥質量は、534(g)×0.426=227.5 gであり、理論収量(253 g)に対する収率は90%であった。   The solution (reaction product) containing the obtained phosphate esterified unsaturated alcohol copolymer (hereinafter referred to as “polymer A” unless otherwise specified) is filtered through a wire mesh (100 mesh), Impurities such as gelled products were removed. An equal volume of n-hexane was added to the reaction product after filtration, and the resulting viscous resin was filtered. In the filtrate, THF containing normal phosphoric acid in which unreacted phosphoric anhydride was changed was dissolved and became cloudy. Polymer A was washed twice more with the same amount of n-hexane. The filtrate when washed for the third time was almost transparent. The purified polymer A was dissolved in THF to prepare a solution of 534 g. A small amount was extracted from the obtained purified polymer A-containing THF solution, dried in a hot air dryer at 100 ° C. for 30 minutes, and the mass was measured. As a result, the solid content in this solution was 42.6% by mass. The dry weight of the polymer A after purification calculated from this concentration was 534 (g) × 0.426 = 227.5 g, and the yield relative to the theoretical yield (253 g) was 90%.

精製ポリマーA含有THF溶液から少量を抜き出し、これを水30 vol%/メタノール70 vol%混合溶液に添加し、樹脂酸価(1NのKOH水溶液を使用。以下同様。)を測定したところ395 mg/gであった(リン酸エステル化されたクラレLMポリマーLM-20の理論酸価:442.7 mg/g)。ガードナー法により、精製ポリマーA含有THF溶液の色相値を測定した結果、1であった。   A small amount was extracted from the purified polymer A-containing THF solution, added to a 30 vol% water / 70 vol% methanol mixed solution, and the resin acid value (using a 1N KOH aqueous solution, the same applies below) was measured. (Theoretical acid value of Kuraray LM polymer LM-20 phosphated ester: 442.7 mg / g). The hue value of the purified polymer A-containing THF solution measured by the Gardner method was 1.

比較例1
過酸化水素水の代わりに水を用いた以外実施例1と同様にして、ポリマーAを調製した。得られた粗ポリマーAを実施例1と同様にして精製した後、42.6質量%の濃度のTHF溶液を調製し、ガードナー法により色相値を測定した結果、3であった。
Comparative Example 1
Polymer A was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that water was used instead of hydrogen peroxide. The obtained crude polymer A was purified in the same manner as in Example 1. Then, a 42.6 mass% THF solution was prepared, and the hue value measured by the Gardner method was 3.

以上のことから、不飽和アルコール系共重合体のリン酸エステル化に過酸化水素水を用いることにより、得られるリン酸エステル化不飽和アルコール系共重合体の色相が向上することは明らかである。   From the above, it is clear that the hue of the resulting phosphate esterified unsaturated alcohol copolymer is improved by using aqueous hydrogen peroxide for the phosphoric esterification of the unsaturated alcohol copolymer. .

Claims (3)

少なくとも不飽和アルコール単位及び脂肪酸ビニル単位を含む不飽和アルコール系共重合体に、無水リン酸及び過酸化水素水を反応させることを特徴とするリン酸エステル化不飽和アルコール系共重合体の製造方法。 A process for producing a phosphate esterified unsaturated alcohol copolymer comprising reacting an unsaturated alcohol copolymer containing at least an unsaturated alcohol unit and a fatty acid vinyl unit with anhydrous phosphoric acid and hydrogen peroxide water . 請求項1に記載のリン酸エステル化不飽和アルコール系共重合体の製造方法において、前記不飽和アルコール系共重合体が、式(1):
Figure 2010275563
で表される繰り返し単位(I)、及び式(2):
Figure 2010275563
(但しR1はアルキル基である)で表される繰り返し単位(II)を有し、前記繰り返し単位(II)が酢酸ビニル単位、プロピン酸ビニル単位又は酪酸ビニル単位であり、かつこれらのうち2種以上の構成単位を含んでもよいことを特徴とする方法。
The method for producing a phosphate esterified unsaturated alcohol copolymer according to claim 1, wherein the unsaturated alcohol copolymer is represented by the formula (1):
Figure 2010275563
The repeating unit (I) represented by the formula (2):
Figure 2010275563
(Wherein R 1 is an alkyl group), wherein the repeating unit (II) is a vinyl acetate unit, a vinyl propinate unit or a vinyl butyrate unit, and 2 of these units A method characterized in that it may comprise more than one structural unit.
請求項1又は2に記載のリン酸エステル化不飽和アルコール系共重合体の製造方法において、前記不飽和アルコール系共重合体の水酸基1当量に対する前記無水リン酸の配合割合が0.5〜1モルであり、前記無水リン酸1モルに対する前記過酸化水素水の配合割合が、過酸化水素及び水の合計で1〜3モルであることを特徴とする方法。 3. The method for producing a phosphate esterified unsaturated alcohol copolymer according to claim 1, wherein a blending ratio of the phosphoric anhydride to 1 equivalent of a hydroxyl group of the unsaturated alcohol copolymer is 0.5 to 1 mol. And the blending ratio of the hydrogen peroxide solution to 1 mol of phosphoric anhydride is 1 to 3 mol in total, hydrogen peroxide and water.
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2535374C1 (en) * 2013-10-03 2014-12-10 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Башкирский государственный университет" Method of obtaining phosphorylated 1,2-polybutadienes

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JPS53115794A (en) * 1977-03-18 1978-10-09 Nippon Synthetic Chem Ind Co Ltd:The Preparation of phosphate ester of vinyl alcohol polymer
JPH1072509A (en) * 1995-12-22 1998-03-17 Kuraray Co Ltd New polyvinyl-alcohol-based polymer
JP2001049522A (en) * 1999-08-03 2001-02-20 Kuraray Co Ltd Polyvinyl alcohol-based flame-retardant fiber
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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JPS53115794A (en) * 1977-03-18 1978-10-09 Nippon Synthetic Chem Ind Co Ltd:The Preparation of phosphate ester of vinyl alcohol polymer
JPH1072509A (en) * 1995-12-22 1998-03-17 Kuraray Co Ltd New polyvinyl-alcohol-based polymer
JP2001049522A (en) * 1999-08-03 2001-02-20 Kuraray Co Ltd Polyvinyl alcohol-based flame-retardant fiber
JP2006117796A (en) * 2004-10-21 2006-05-11 Uni-Chemical Co Ltd Phosphate-modified vinylic polymer and its application and method for producing the same polymer

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2535374C1 (en) * 2013-10-03 2014-12-10 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Башкирский государственный университет" Method of obtaining phosphorylated 1,2-polybutadienes

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