JP2010060408A - リチウムイオン電池の劣化判定方法、リチウムイオン電池の制御方法、リチウムイオン電池の劣化判定装置、リチウムイオン電池の制御装置及び車両 - Google Patents
リチウムイオン電池の劣化判定方法、リチウムイオン電池の制御方法、リチウムイオン電池の劣化判定装置、リチウムイオン電池の制御装置及び車両 Download PDFInfo
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- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 title abstract 4
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 title abstract 4
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 claims description 65
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002405 diagnostic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
【解決手段】リチウムイオン電池を一定の電力値で連続的に放電及び充電させる診断モードにおいて取得された前記リチウムイオン電池の電圧変化に関する情報に基づき前記リチウムイオン電池の劣化状態を判定する。前記診断モードにおける一定の電力値は、前記リチウムイオン電池の蓄電量及び温度に応じて異ならせるのが好ましい。前記情報として、前記放電中に取得された前記リチウムイオン電池の電圧降下の度合いを用いることができる。
【選択図】図6
Description
本発明者等は、リチウムイオン電池においてハイレート劣化現象が起こることを発見した。ハイレート劣化現象について、図2及び図3を用いて説明する。図2はハイレート劣化したリチウムイオン電池を放電させた時の電気的な特性を模式的に示した模式図であり、(a)は電池出力値を示しており、(b)は電池電圧値を示している。図3はハイレート劣化したリチウムイオン電池を充電させた時の電気的な特性を模式的に示した模式図であり、(a)は電池出力値を示しており、(b)は電池電圧値を示している。なお、図2(a)及び図3(a)に図示するように、リチウムイオン電池の入出力時の電力値は一定である。
定の電力値で放電させ、この放電中における電圧降下の度合いを調べる診断モードを設け
ることにより、リチウムイオン電池を適切に保護することができる。
コントローラ50は、イグニションスイッチ51がオンされたことを検知すると、組電池10のハイレート劣化状態を診断する診断モードを開始する。コントローラ50は、組電池10の充電及び放電動作を制御する。
各電池ブロック12A〜12Nの電圧値を算出し、最も電圧降下量の大きい電池ブロックの電圧降下量△V1MAXを算出する。さらに、ステップS106では、組電池10の放電動作を停止させる。
各電池ブロック12A〜12Nの電圧値を算出し、最も電圧上昇量の大きい電池ブロックの電圧上昇量△V2MAXを算出する。さらに、ステップS111では、組電池10の充電動作を停止させる。
電圧降下の度合いを示す情報として、放電中の電圧降下量を時間で積分した積分値(電圧変化に関する情報)、すなわち、∫△V1dtを用いることもできる。この場合、コントローラ50は、電圧センサ40A〜40Nから出力される電圧情報に基づき、最も電圧降下量の高い電圧ブロックの∫△V1dtを算出して、電圧降下の度合いを判定する。具体的には、内部メモリ50Aから読み出された閾値(この閾値は、上記実施例の閾値とは異なる)と∫△V1dtとを比較して、閾値≦∫△V1dtである場合には組電池10がハイレート劣化しているものと判別し、閾値>∫△V1dtである場合には組電池10がハイレート劣化していないものと判別する。
11 単電池
12A〜12N 電池ブロック
20 インバータ
30 モータ
40A〜40N 電圧センサ
50 コントローラ
50A 内部メモリ
50B 内部タイマー
51 イグニションスイッチ
Claims (13)
- リチウムイオン電池を一定の電力値で連続的に放電及び充電させる診断モードにおいて取得された前記リチウムイオン電池の電圧変化に関する情報に基づき前記リチウムイオン電池の劣化状態を判定することを特徴とするリチウムイオン電池の劣化判定方法。
- 前記診断モードにおける一定の電力値は、前記リチウムイオン電池の蓄電量及び温度に応じて異なることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のリチウムイオン電池の劣化判定方法。
- 前記情報は、前記放電中に取得された前記リチウムイオン電池の電圧降下の度合いであることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載のリチウムイオン電池の劣化判定方法。
- 請求項3に記載のリチウムイオン電池の劣化判定方法において、前記電圧降下の度合いが閾値以上であると判定された場合には、前記リチウムイオン電池から出力される電流の最大値として設定された上限電流値を下げることを特徴とするリチウムイオン電池の制御方法。
- 前記情報は、前記充電中に取得された前記リチウムイオン電池の電圧上昇の度合いであることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載のリチウムイオン電池の劣化判定方法。
- 請求項5に記載のリチウムイオン電池の劣化判定方法において、前記電圧上昇の度合いが閾値以上であると判定された場合には、前記リチウムイオン電池に入力される電流の最大値として設定された上限電流値を下げることを特徴とするリチウムイオン電池の制御方法。
- リチウムイオン電池の劣化状態を判定するリチウムイオン電池の劣化判定装置であって、
前記リチウムイオン電池の電圧に関する情報を取得するための取得部と、
前記リチウムイオン電池を一定の電力値で連続的に放電及び充電させる診断モードの際に、前記取得部で取得された情報に基づき、前記リチウムイオン電池の劣化状態を判定する判定部と、
を有することを特徴とするリチウムイオン電池の劣化判定装置。 - 前記診断モードにおける一定の電力値は、前記リチウムイオン電池の蓄電量及び温度に応じて異なることを特徴とする請求項7に記載のリチウムイオン電池の劣化判定装置。
- 前記情報は、前記放電中に取得された前記リチウムイオン電池の電圧降下の度合いであることを特徴とする請求項7又は8に記載のリチウムイオン電池の劣化判定装置。
- 請求項9に記載のリチウムイオン電池の劣化判定装置と、
前記判定部において前記電圧降下の度合いが閾値以上であると判定された場合には、
前記リチウムイオン電池から出力される電流の最大値として設定された上限電流値を下げる処理を行う電流制御部と、
を有することを特徴としたリチウムイオン電池の制御装置。 - 前記情報は、前記充電中に取得された前記リチウムイオン電池の電圧上昇の度合いであることを特徴とする請求項7又は8に記載のリチウムイオン電池の劣化判定装置。
- 請求項11に記載のリチウムイオン電池の劣化判定装置と、
前記判定部において前記電圧上昇の度合いが閾値以上であると判定された場合には、前記リチウムイオン電池に入力される電流の最大値として設定された上限電流値を下げる処理を行う電流制御部と、
を有することを特徴とするリチウムイオン電池の制御装置。 - 請求項10又は12に記載のリチウムイオン電池の制御装置を搭載した車両。
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