JP2008530318A - 液体バイオ燃料混合物並びにそれを製造するための方法及び装置 - Google Patents
液体バイオ燃料混合物並びにそれを製造するための方法及び装置 Download PDFInfo
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- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical class S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000005457 triglyceride group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
- C10L1/026—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only for compression ignition
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/64—Fats; Fatty oils; Ester-type waxes; Higher fatty acids, i.e. having at least seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain bound to a carboxyl group; Oxidised oils or fats
- C12P7/6436—Fatty acid esters
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- C12P7/6458—Glycerides by transesterification, e.g. interesterification, ester interchange, alcoholysis or acidolysis
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- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/64—Fats; Fatty oils; Ester-type waxes; Higher fatty acids, i.e. having at least seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain bound to a carboxyl group; Oxidised oils or fats
- C12P7/6436—Fatty acid esters
- C12P7/649—Biodiesel, i.e. fatty acid alkyl esters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
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Abstract
バイオ燃料混合物は安価に製造でき、更に加熱することなく燃料としてディーゼルエンジンにも利用でき、従来のディーゼル燃料に混合することができる。
【選択図】図1
Description
植物油又は動物脂肪を基とするバイオ燃料及びバイオ燃料混合物は、例えばドイツ国特許第4116905号、PCT国際公開WO95/25152号、欧州特許第855436号、又は米国特許第5713965号に記載されている。これらの明細書では、特にナタネ油とガソリン又はディーゼルとの混合物が開示されており、その中には一種類の追加物質が加えられている。ドイツ国特許第4116905号では、この追加成分はアルコールであり、PCT国際公開WO95/25152号では、鎖長が最大6個の炭素原子である短鎖脂肪酸のアルキルエステルであり、欧州特許第855436号ではアセタールである。
100gの脂肪酸メチルエステル(バイオディーゼル)に50gのモノグリセリド(45重量%)、ジグリセリド(20重量%)、及びトリグリセリド(35重量%)から成る混合物を加える。このグリセリド混合物は市販品でよい。バイオ燃料混合物は燃料として利用できる。
100gの植物油に3.5gのメタノール(他の一価アルコール又は二価アルコールでもよい)及び1gのsn−1,3部位特異的リパーゼを加える。混合物を、リパーゼ活性が最高となる温度で9時間混合する。9時間後、新たに3.5gのメタノールを加える。全体を更に15時間、上記リパーゼに最適な温度で攪拌する。ごく低重量%のメタノールが溶解しているモノグリセリド、ジグリセリド、FSAE、及び植物油から成る、澄んだ溶液が出来る。
Claims (28)
- 脂肪酸アルキルエステルの1分画、及びグリセリン骨格に対して1重量%以上の割合の複合グリセリンの少なくとも1分画から成る、バイオ燃料混合物。
- 前記複合グリセリンの分画の割合が、前記バイオ燃料混合物の3重量%〜10重量%の間であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のバイオ燃料混合物。
- 前記脂肪酸アルキルエステルの分画の割合が、前記バイオ燃料混合物の50重量%を超えることを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載のバイオ燃料混合物。
- 前記脂肪酸アルキルエステルの分画の割合が、前記バイオ燃料混合物の60重量%を超えることを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載のバイオ燃料混合物。
- 前記脂肪酸アルキルエステルの分画の割合が、前記バイオ燃料混合物の80重量%を超えることを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載のバイオ燃料混合物。
- 前記バイオ燃料混合物に或る割合でグリセリンが溶解されることを特徴とする、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載のバイオ燃料混合物。
- 前記バイオ燃料混合物に或る割合で脂肪及び/又は油が溶解されることを特徴とする、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載のバイオ燃料混合物。
- 前記バイオ燃料混合物に10重量%未満の割合で残存脂肪及び/又は残存油が溶解されることを特徴とする、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載のバイオ燃料混合物。
- 前記バイオ燃料混合物に或る割合で一価アルコールが溶解されることを特徴とする、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載のバイオ燃料混合物。
- 鉱物燃料又はバイオ燃料と混合されることを特徴とする、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載のバイオ燃料混合物。
- アルコールを添加することでトリグリセリドを部分的にエステル交換することによる、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載のバイオ燃料混合物を製造するための方法。
- 前記部分的エステル変換のために、精製されている脂肪又は油を一価及び/又は二価のアルコールと混合し、脂肪酸の開裂に適した触媒を添加して反応させ、一定の割合の脂肪酸アルキルエステル並びに少なくともモノグリセリド及び/又はジグリセリドから成る混合物を反応生成物として得ることを特徴とする、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記部分的エステル変換のために、精製された脂肪又は油を一価及び/又は二価のアルコールと混合し、脂肪酸の開裂に適した触媒を添加して反応させ、一定の割合の脂肪酸アルキルエステル、モノグリセリド及び/又はジグリセリド、並びに少なくとも前記トリグリセリドから成る混合物を反応生成物として得ることを特徴とする、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記反応生成物の前記割合が、前記脂肪又は前記油が前記一価及び/又は二価のアルコール、並びに前記触媒と接触する滞留時間の間に調節されることを特徴とする、請求項12又は13に記載の方法。
- 前記反応生成物の前記割合が、前記脂肪又は前記油に混合される前記一価及び/又は二価のアルコールの量によって調節されることを特徴とする、請求項12〜14のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記反応生成物の前記割合が、前記触媒の種類及び/又は量によって調節されることを特徴とする、請求項12〜15のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 一つ又は複数の部位特異的リパーゼを触媒として用いることを特徴とする、請求項12〜16のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 一つ又は複数の非特異的触媒及び/又は非特異的酵素を用いることを特徴とする、請求項12〜17のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記触媒を担体に結合させて用いることを特徴とする、請求項12〜18のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記部分的エステル変換の前及び/又は間に脱水を行うことを特徴とする、請求項11〜19のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 脂肪酸アルキルエステルをして、モノグリセリド及び/又はジグリセリドを添加して、該脂肪酸アルキルエステル並びに該モノグリセリド及び/又は該ジグリセリドから成る混合物を製造することによる、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載のバイオ燃料混合物を製造するための方法。
- 前記混合物に一価及び/又は多価のアルコールを添加することを特徴とする、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 前記混合物に複合グリセリンを添加することを特徴とする、請求項21又は22に記載の方法。
- トリグリセリドとアルコールを混合するための混合装置、及び1つ又は複数の固定化されている部位特異的リパーゼを有する1つ又は複数の担体が入っている、前記混合物を入れるための反応器を具備する、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載のバイオ燃料混合物を製造するための装置。
- 前記反応器の後ろに、脂肪及び/又は油及び/又は及び/又はモノグリセリド及び/又はジグリセリド及び/又はアルコールを含有する分画を分離するための分離装置が接続されていることを特徴とする、請求項24に記載の装置。
- 前記分離装置が前記脂肪及び/又は前記油及び/又は前記アルコールを含有する分画のための少なくとも1つの出口を具備し、該出口が前記混合装置の入口に接続されていることを特徴とする、請求項25に記載の装置。
- 前記分離装置が、蒸留分離装置、膜分離装置、結晶化分離装置、吸着分離装置、又は抽出分離装置であることを特徴とする、請求項25又は26に記載の装置。
- 前記反応器が攪拌反応器又は固定床反応器であることを特徴とする、請求項24〜27のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
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PCT/DE2005/002156 WO2006086936A1 (de) | 2005-02-17 | 2005-11-30 | Flüssige bio-brennstoffmischung sowie verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung derselben |
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AU (1) | AU2005327879B2 (ja) |
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DE102006002848A1 (de) * | 2006-01-19 | 2007-07-26 | Dracowo Forschungs- Und Entwicklungs Gmbh | Herstellung von Fettsäuremethylestern aus Altfetten und Ölen mittels Biodieselkleinstanlage |
EP1918354A1 (de) * | 2006-10-13 | 2008-05-07 | Cognis Oleochemicals GmbH | Brennstoffzubereitungen die Glycerin enthalten |
EA016916B1 (ru) * | 2007-02-06 | 2012-08-30 | Янош Тес | Применение топлив и добавок к топливу на основе триглицеридов модифицированной структуры |
EP2121875A1 (en) | 2007-02-26 | 2009-11-25 | The Petroleum Oil and Gas Corporation of South Africa | Biodiesel fuels |
BRPI0701993A2 (pt) * | 2007-03-30 | 2008-11-18 | Petroleo Brasileiro Sa | mÉtodo para reciclagem e aproveitamento da glicerina obtida da produÇço do biodiesel |
EP2065460A1 (de) * | 2007-11-28 | 2009-06-03 | Wulfenia Beteiligungs GmbH | Biologischer Brennstoff und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
KR100948292B1 (ko) * | 2007-11-30 | 2010-03-17 | 제이씨케미칼(주) | 바이오디젤 제조용 다단 반응기 시스템 |
WO2010118891A1 (de) * | 2009-04-17 | 2010-10-21 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Schmierflüssigkeit sowie verfahren zur herstellung derselben |
KR20100136060A (ko) * | 2009-06-18 | 2010-12-28 | 서강오씨아이 주식회사 | 바이오디젤 부산물을 이용한 바이오디젤 제조방법 |
US8974553B2 (en) | 2012-03-29 | 2015-03-10 | Joseph Ried | Miscible diesel fuel ethanol composition |
EP2657324A1 (en) | 2012-04-26 | 2013-10-30 | Petróleo Brasileiro S.A. - PETROBRAS | Process for the production of bio-lubricant from methyl biodiesel and bio-lubricant obtained by said process |
CN106480114B (zh) * | 2015-08-25 | 2021-10-08 | 丰益(上海)生物技术研发中心有限公司 | 制备生物柴油的方法 |
IT201900014778A1 (it) * | 2019-08-14 | 2021-02-14 | Nextchem S P A | Processo per il pretrattamento di alimentazioni destinate alla produzione di bio-carburanti, mediante idrolisi di grassi ad alta temperatura e pressione |
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US5713965A (en) * | 1996-04-12 | 1998-02-03 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture | Production of biodiesel, lubricants and fuel and lubricant additives |
JP2001226694A (ja) * | 2000-02-17 | 2001-08-21 | Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd | 脂肪酸エステルの製造方法及び脂肪酸エステルを含む燃料 |
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JP5072605B2 (ja) | 2012-11-14 |
WO2006086936A1 (de) | 2006-08-24 |
US20090203092A1 (en) | 2009-08-13 |
MA29308B1 (fr) | 2008-03-03 |
CN101184826A (zh) | 2008-05-21 |
ZA200706614B (en) | 2008-04-30 |
AR053801A1 (es) | 2007-05-23 |
EG24718A (en) | 2010-06-07 |
CA2597679A1 (en) | 2006-08-24 |
DE112005003550A5 (de) | 2008-01-24 |
KR20070114132A (ko) | 2007-11-29 |
MX2007009954A (es) | 2007-09-26 |
AU2005327879B2 (en) | 2011-03-03 |
AU2005327879A1 (en) | 2006-08-24 |
NO20074212L (no) | 2007-09-17 |
KR101290049B1 (ko) | 2013-07-30 |
EP1848787A1 (de) | 2007-10-31 |
BRPI0520104A (pt) | 2008-06-10 |
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