JP2008307564A - Forging die and forging method - Google Patents

Forging die and forging method Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP2008307564A
JP2008307564A JP2007156766A JP2007156766A JP2008307564A JP 2008307564 A JP2008307564 A JP 2008307564A JP 2007156766 A JP2007156766 A JP 2007156766A JP 2007156766 A JP2007156766 A JP 2007156766A JP 2008307564 A JP2008307564 A JP 2008307564A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
die
tooth surface
mold
molding
billet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP2007156766A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP5104051B2 (en
Inventor
Noboru Shimamoto
昇 島本
Hiroshi Ishikawa
博 石川
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toyota Motor Corp
Original Assignee
Toyota Motor Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toyota Motor Corp filed Critical Toyota Motor Corp
Priority to JP2007156766A priority Critical patent/JP5104051B2/en
Publication of JP2008307564A publication Critical patent/JP2008307564A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP5104051B2 publication Critical patent/JP5104051B2/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Landscapes

  • Forging (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a forging die and a forging method, in which die and method a large number of processes for removing daft angles are unnecessary. <P>SOLUTION: The forging die 1 includes a movable die 10 having a movable punch 11, and a fixed die 20 which is provided with a die 23 having a teeth flank forming portion 23a, a lower die 22 for supporting the die 23, and a knock-out die 24 to be fitted in the lower die 22. The teeth flank forming surface 23b of the teeth flank forming portion 23a is provided with the draft angle θ. A forming space 26 is configured by the die, the lower die, and the knock-out die. A billet 5 is formed by being pressed and deformed by means of the punch. A clearance 23c is formed between the teeth flank forming portion of the die and the lower die, and also recessed groove portions 23d are formed on the punch side surface of the teeth flank forming portion of the die such that the billet can flow thereinto. In forging, the billet flows into the recessed groove portions, and the teeth flank forming portion at the portion of the clearance elastically deforms toward the lower die via the billet flowed into the recessed groove portions. As a result, the forging operation is carried out in the state that the draft angle of the teeth flank forming surface of the teeth flank forming portion has reduced. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、歯車等を鍛造により成形する際に用いられる鍛造成形用金型および鍛造成形方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a forging die and a forging method used when forging gears and the like by forging.

一般的に、歯車等を鍛造により成形する際に用いられる鍛造成形用金型においては、成形品の離型時に、金型が欠けたり成形品に残留応力が生じたりすることなく、容易に成形品を離型させるために、ダイスの歯面成形部における歯面成形面に抜き勾配が設けられている。
このように、抜き勾配が設けられている金型により成形品を成形した場合、成形品の歯面部には前記抜き勾配分の余分な取代が付くため、前記成形品に機械加工を施すことで製品として必要な寸法を得ている。 In general, in a forging mold used when forging gears and the like by forging, it is easy to mold without releasing the mold or causing residual stress in the molded product when the molded product is released. In order to release the product, a draft angle is provided on the tooth surface forming surface of the tooth surface forming portion of the die.
In this way, when a molded product is molded by a mold having a draft, an extra machining allowance for the draft is attached to the tooth surface portion of the molded product. We have the necessary dimensions for the product.

しかし、前記成形品の歯面に施される機械加工は複雑で、高い加工精度も要求されるため、加工に長時間を要し、得られた製品が高コスト化する傾向にある。
そこで、従来においては、特許文献１に示すように、熱間鍛造によって抜き勾配を付した歯形を鍛造した後、その抜き勾配よりも緩い抜き勾配を有した金型を用いて冷間または温間コイニングを行い、さらに抜き勾配がない金型を用いて冷間サイジングを行うことで、抜き勾配のない製品を得るようにした技術が考案されている。
特開平６−７９３９２号公報 However, since the machining applied to the tooth surface of the molded product is complicated and requires high machining accuracy, the machining takes a long time, and the resulting product tends to be expensive.
Therefore, in the prior art, as shown in Patent Document 1, after forging a tooth profile with a draft by hot forging, it is cold or warm using a mold having a draft that is looser than the draft. A technique has been devised in which a product without draft is obtained by performing coining and cold sizing using a mold without draft.
JP-A-6-79392

前述の特許文献１のようにして製品を得るように構成した場合、抜き勾配を除去するために行う複雑かつ高精度な機械加工を低減することができるが、余肉を除去して抜き勾配をなくし、形状誤差を修正するために、多数の工程を要することとなっており、依然として製品を得るための加工に長時間を要することとなっていた。
そこで、本発明においては、多工程を要することなく、さらに複雑かつ高精度な機械加工を行うことなく、抜き勾配のない歯面を備えた製品を得ることが可能な鍛造成形用金型および鍛造成形方法を提供するものである。 When it is configured to obtain a product as in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, it is possible to reduce complicated and highly accurate machining for removing the draft, but it is possible to reduce the draft by removing the surplus. However, many steps are required to correct the shape error, and it still takes a long time for processing to obtain a product.
Therefore, in the present invention, a forging mold and forging capable of obtaining a product having a tooth surface having no draft without requiring a multi-step process and without performing a complicated and highly accurate machining. A molding method is provided.

上記課題を解決する鍛造成形用金型および鍛造成形方法は、以下の特徴を有する。
即ち、請求項１記載の如く、互いに対向配置される可動型と固定型とで構成され、前記可動型は、前記固定型に対して近接離間する方向へ移動可能なパンチを備え、前記固定型は、歯面成形部を有するダイスと、前記ダイスを支持する下型と、前記下型に摺動自在に嵌挿されるノックアウト型とを備え、前記歯面成形部における歯面成形面には抜き勾配が設けられており、前記ダイスと下型とノックアウト型とで、鍛造成形対象となるビレットが設置される成形空間が構成され、前記パンチを固定型に対して近接する方向へ移動させることで、前記ビレットを加圧変形させて成形する鍛造成形用金型であって、
前記ダイスの歯面成形部と前記下型との間に隙間が形成されるとともに、前記ダイスの歯面成形部におけるパンチ側面に、該歯面成形部とパンチとの間で前記ビレットが流入可能な空間を構成する凹溝部が形成され、前記パンチにより前記ビレットを加圧変形させる成形時に、前記凹溝部にビレットが流入して、前記隙間が形成されている部分の歯面成形部が、前記凹溝部に流入したビレットを介して下型側へ押圧されて弾性変形し、前記歯面成形部の歯面成形面の抜き勾配が減少して、鍛造成形により得られる最終製品形状に対応した抜き勾配となった状態で成形が行われる。
このように、成形時に歯面成形部が弾性変形することにより、歯面成形面の抜き勾配が減少して、鍛造成形により得られる最終製品形状に対応した抜き勾配となるため最終製品形状に対応した抜き勾配を有した成形品を得ることができる。
特に、最終製品が抜き勾配のない製品で有る場合には、成形時に歯面成形面が下型の上面と略垂直で抜き勾配がない状態となるため、抜き勾配がない成形品を得ることができる。
従って、成形後に抜き勾配を除去して成形品の形状を修正するための複雑かつ高精度な機械加工を施す必要がない。
また、成形完了後の離型時には、弾性変形していた歯面成形部が上方へ跳ね上がるため、成形品が固定型から離型する動作が補助され、成形品を固定型から容易に離型（ノックアウト）することが可能となる。
さらに、本金型により前記ビレットを成形する際には、通常の鍛造成形を行う場合の工程と同様の工程を行うだけでよいので、多工程を要することもなく、容易かつ短時間で成形品を得ることができ、製品の低コスト化を図ることができる。 A forging mold and a forging method for solving the above-described problems have the following characteristics.
That is, as described in claim 1, the movable mold and the fixed mold are arranged to face each other, and the movable mold includes a punch that can move in a direction approaching and separating from the fixed mold, and the fixed mold Is provided with a die having a tooth surface forming portion, a lower die for supporting the die, and a knockout die that is slidably inserted into the lower die, and is extracted from the tooth surface forming surface of the tooth surface forming portion. A slope is provided, and the die, the lower die, and the knockout die form a molding space in which a billet to be forged is placed, and the punch is moved in a direction closer to the fixed die. , A forging mold for molding the billet by pressure deformation,
A gap is formed between the tooth surface molding part of the die and the lower die, and the billet can flow into the side surface of the punch in the tooth surface molding part of the die between the tooth surface molding part and the punch. A concave groove portion forming a space is formed, and at the time of molding in which the billet is pressure-deformed by the punch, the billet flows into the concave groove portion, and the tooth surface molding portion of the portion where the gap is formed, It is pressed toward the lower mold side via the billet that has flowed into the concave groove and elastically deformed, and the draft angle of the tooth surface molding surface of the tooth surface molding part is reduced, and the punching corresponding to the final product shape obtained by forging Molding is performed in a gradient state.
In this way, the tooth surface molding part elastically deforms during molding, and the draft of the tooth surface molding surface is reduced, resulting in a draft corresponding to the final product shape obtained by forging. It is possible to obtain a molded article having a draft angle.
In particular, when the final product is a product with no draft, since the tooth surface molding surface is substantially perpendicular to the upper surface of the lower mold and there is no draft at the time of molding, a molded product with no draft can be obtained. it can.
Therefore, it is not necessary to perform complicated and highly accurate machining for removing the draft after the molding and correcting the shape of the molded product.
In addition, when the mold is released after molding, the elastically deformed tooth surface molding part jumps upward, so that the operation of releasing the molded article from the fixed mold is assisted, and the molded article can be easily released from the fixed mold ( Knockout).
Furthermore, when the billet is formed with this mold, it is only necessary to perform the same process as that for normal forging, so that the molded product can be formed easily and in a short time without requiring multiple processes. The cost of the product can be reduced.

また、請求項２記載の如く、前記下型には、前記ダイスの歯面成形部と前記下型との間に形成される隙間にガスを供給するためのガス通路が形成される。
これにより、前記ガス通路に窒素ガス等の不活性ガスを供給することで、前記ビレットが加圧変形されて成形される成形空間内の雰囲気が窒素雰囲気等の不活性ガス雰囲気となり、ビレットの酸化が抑えられて、スケールの発生が抑制される。
従って、成形後のスケールを除去する工程を省略することが可能となり、製品を得るまでの工程を短縮化することができる。 According to a second aspect of the present invention, the lower mold is formed with a gas passage for supplying gas to a gap formed between the tooth surface forming portion of the die and the lower mold.
As a result, by supplying an inert gas such as nitrogen gas to the gas passage, the atmosphere in the molding space in which the billet is deformed under pressure is changed to an inert gas atmosphere such as a nitrogen atmosphere, and the billet is oxidized. Is suppressed and generation of scale is suppressed.
Therefore, it becomes possible to omit the process of removing the scale after molding, and the process to obtain a product can be shortened.

また、請求項３記載の如く、互いに対向配置される可動型と固定型とで構成され、前記可動型は、前記固定型に対して近接離間する方向へ移動可能なパンチを備え、前記固定型は、歯面成形部を有するダイスと、前記ダイスを支持する下型と、前記下型に摺動自在に嵌挿されるノックアウト型とを備え、前記歯面成形部における歯面成形面には抜き勾配が付されており、前記ダイスと下型とノックアウト型とで、鍛造成形対象となるビレットが設置される成形空間が構成され、前記ダイスの歯面成形部と前記下型との間に隙間が形成されるとともに、前記ダイスの歯面成形部におけるパンチ側面に、該歯面成形部とパンチとの間で前記ビレットが流入可能な空間を構成する凹溝部が形成される鍛造成形用金型を用いて成形を行う鍛造成形方法であって、
前記パンチにより前記ビレットを加圧変形させる成形時に、前記凹溝部にビレットを流入させ、前記隙間が形成されている部分の歯面成形部を、前記凹溝部に流入したビレットを介して下型側へ押圧して弾性変形させ、前記歯面成形部の歯面成形面の抜き勾配が減少して、鍛造成形により得られる最終製品形状に対応した抜き勾配となった状態で成形を行う。
このように、成形時に歯面成形部が弾性変形することにより、歯面成形面の抜き勾配が減少して、鍛造成形により得られる最終製品形状に対応した抜き勾配となるため最終製品形状に対応した抜き勾配を有した成形品を得ることができる。
特に、最終製品が抜き勾配のない製品で有る場合には、成形時に歯面成形面が下型の上面と略垂直で抜き勾配がない状態となるため、抜き勾配がない成形品を得ることができる。
従って、成形後に抜き勾配を除去して成形品の形状を修正するための複雑かつ高精度な機械加工を施す必要がない。
また、成形完了後の離型時には、弾性変形していた歯面成形部が上方へ跳ね上がるため、成形品が固定型から離型する動作が補助され、成形品を固定型から容易に離型（ノックアウト）することが可能となる。
さらに、本金型により前記ビレットを成形する際には、通常の鍛造成形を行う場合の工程と同様の工程を行うだけでよいので、多工程を要することもなく、容易かつ短時間で成形品を得ることができ、製品の低コスト化を図ることができる。 According to a third aspect of the present invention, the movable mold is composed of a movable mold and a fixed mold that are arranged to face each other, and the movable mold includes a punch that is movable in a direction approaching and separating from the fixed mold. Is provided with a die having a tooth surface forming portion, a lower die for supporting the die, and a knockout die that is slidably inserted into the lower die, and is extracted from the tooth surface forming surface of the tooth surface forming portion. The die, the lower die, and the knockout die are provided with a gradient to form a molding space in which a billet to be forged is placed, and a gap is formed between the tooth surface molding portion of the die and the lower die. And a forging molding die in which a concave groove portion that forms a space into which the billet can flow between the tooth surface molding portion and the punch is formed on the side surface of the punch of the tooth surface molding portion of the die. Forging method for molding There,
When forming the billet under pressure by the punch, the billet is caused to flow into the concave groove portion, and the tooth surface molding portion where the gap is formed is inserted into the lower mold side via the billet that has flowed into the concave groove portion. Is pressed and elastically deformed, and the draft of the tooth surface molding surface of the tooth surface molding part is reduced, and molding is performed in a state of a draft corresponding to the final product shape obtained by forging.
In this way, the tooth surface molding part elastically deforms during molding, and the draft of the tooth surface molding surface is reduced, resulting in a draft corresponding to the final product shape obtained by forging. It is possible to obtain a molded article having a draft angle.
In particular, when the final product is a product with no draft, since the tooth surface molding surface is substantially perpendicular to the upper surface of the lower mold and there is no draft at the time of molding, a molded product with no draft can be obtained. it can.
Therefore, it is not necessary to perform complicated and highly accurate machining for removing the draft after the molding and correcting the shape of the molded product.
In addition, when the mold is released after molding, the elastically deformed tooth surface molding part jumps upward, so that the operation of releasing the molded article from the fixed mold is assisted, and the molded article can be easily released from the fixed mold ( Knockout).
Furthermore, when the billet is formed with this mold, it is only necessary to perform the same process as that for normal forging, so that the molded product can be formed easily and in a short time without requiring multiple processes. The cost of the product can be reduced.

また、請求項４記載の如く、前記鍛造成形用金型による成形時に、前記ダイスの歯面成形部と前記下型との間の隙間に不活性ガスを供給する。
これにより、前記ビレットが加圧変形されて成形される成形空間内の雰囲気が窒素雰囲気となり、ビレットの酸化が抑えられて、スケールの発生が抑制される。
従って、成形後のスケールを除去する工程を省略することが可能となり、製品を得るまでの工程を短縮化することができる。 According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, an inert gas is supplied to a gap between the tooth surface molding portion of the die and the lower die when the forging die is formed.
As a result, the atmosphere in the molding space in which the billet is deformed under pressure is a nitrogen atmosphere, and oxidation of the billet is suppressed and generation of scale is suppressed.
Therefore, it becomes possible to omit the process of removing the scale after molding, and the process to obtain a product can be shortened.

本発明によれば、成形後に抜き勾配を除去して成形品の形状を修正するための複雑かつ高精度な機械加工を施す必要がなく、成形品を固定型から容易に離型することができ、多工程を要することもないので、容易かつ短時間で成形品を得ることができ、製品の低コスト化を図ることができる。   According to the present invention, it is not necessary to perform complicated and high-precision machining for removing the draft after the molding and correcting the shape of the molded product, and the molded product can be easily released from the fixed mold. Since no multi-step process is required, a molded product can be obtained easily and in a short time, and the cost of the product can be reduced.

次に、本発明を実施するための形態を、添付の図面を用いて説明する。   Next, modes for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

図１に示す鍛造成形用の金型１は、例えば抜き勾配のない最終製品を成形するための金型であり、互いに対向配置される可動型１０と固定型２０とで構成されており、前記可動型１０は、前記固定型２０に対して近接離間する方向へ移動可能なパンチ１１を備えている。
前記固定型２０は、歯面成形部２３ａを有するダイス２３と、前記ダイス２３を支持する下型２２と、前記下型２２を支持するベース台２１と、前記ベース台２１に装着され前記下型２２に摺動自在に嵌挿されるノックアウト型２４とを備えている。 A forging mold 1 shown in FIG. 1 is a mold for forming a final product having no draft, for example, and is composed of a movable mold 10 and a fixed mold 20 that are arranged to face each other. The movable mold 10 includes a punch 11 that can move in the direction of approaching and separating from the fixed mold 20.
The fixed mold 20 includes a die 23 having a tooth surface forming portion 23a, a lower mold 22 that supports the die 23, a base table 21 that supports the lower mold 22, and a lower mold that is mounted on the base table 21 and is mounted on the lower mold. And a knockout mold 24 that is slidably inserted into the slidable body 22.

なお、前記ノックアウト型２４は、所定の範囲で上下摺動自在に構成されており、成形品を固定型２０から離型する際に、該成形品を下方から突き上げて離型を容易にするためのものである。   The knockout die 24 is configured to be slidable up and down within a predetermined range. When the molded product is released from the fixed die 20, the molded product is pushed up from below to facilitate release. belongs to.

また、前記固定型２０においては、前記ダイス２３と下型２２とノックアウト型２４とで囲まれる空間が、鍛造成形対象となるビレット５が設置される成形空間２６として構成されている。
さらに、前記ダイス２３および下型２２の外周部にはクランプ２５が配置されており、該クランプ２５により、前記下型２２がベース台２１に固定されるとともに、前記ダイス２３が前記下型２２に固定されている。 In the fixed mold 20, a space surrounded by the die 23, the lower mold 22 and the knockout mold 24 is configured as a molding space 26 in which the billet 5 to be forged is installed.
Further, a clamp 25 is disposed on the outer periphery of the die 23 and the lower die 22, and the lower die 22 is fixed to the base table 21 by the clamp 25, and the die 23 is attached to the lower die 22. It is fixed.

図２に示すように、前記ダイス２３における歯面成形部２３ａの内周側に形成される歯面成形面２３ｂには、前記パンチ１１側へ向かって拡径する抜き勾配θが設けられている。
また、前記歯面成形部２３ａにおける下端部は切り欠かれており、切り欠かれた部分の歯面成形部２３ａと前記下型２２との間には隙間２３ｃが形成されている。 As shown in FIG. 2, the tooth surface forming surface 23b formed on the inner peripheral side of the tooth surface forming portion 23a of the die 23 is provided with a draft angle θ that expands toward the punch 11 side. .
Further, the lower end portion of the tooth surface molding portion 23 a is notched, and a gap 23 c is formed between the tooth surface molding portion 23 a of the notched portion and the lower mold 22.

さらに、前記歯面成形部２３ａのパンチ１１側面（図２における上端面）には凹溝部２３ｄが形成されている。
該凹溝部２３ｄは、前記成形空間２６に設置されたビレット５をパンチ１１により押圧して加圧変形させる際に、ビレット５が流入可能となる空間として作用する。 Further, a concave groove portion 23d is formed on the side surface (the upper end surface in FIG. 2) of the punch 11 of the tooth surface molding portion 23a.
The concave groove 23d acts as a space into which the billet 5 can flow when the billet 5 installed in the molding space 26 is pressed and deformed by the punch 11.

また、前記ダイス２３には、前記歯面成形部２３ａと下型２２との間の隙間２３ｃと、ダイス２３の外周面とを連通するガス通路２３ｅが形成されており、前記クランプ２５には、該クランプ２５の内周面と外周面とを連通するガス通路２５ｅが形成されている。
前記ガス通路２３ｅとガス通路２５ｅとは一連に接続されていて、これらのガス通路２３ｅ・２５ｅにより、前記ダイス２３の隙間２３ｃと、前記クランプ２５の外周側とが連通されることとなっている。 The die 23 is formed with a gas passage 23e that communicates the gap 23c between the tooth surface molding portion 23a and the lower die 22 and the outer peripheral surface of the die 23. A gas passage 25e that connects the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface of the clamp 25 is formed.
The gas passage 23e and the gas passage 25e are connected in series, and the gas passage 23e and 25e communicate the gap 23c of the die 23 with the outer peripheral side of the clamp 25. .

このように、固定型２０にガス通路２３ｅ・２５ｅを形成することで、金型１の外部から前記ガス通路２３ｅ・２５ｅを通じて、前記隙間２３ｃに窒素等の不活性ガスを供給することが可能となっている。   Thus, by forming the gas passages 23e and 25e in the fixed mold 20, it is possible to supply an inert gas such as nitrogen to the gap 23c from the outside of the mold 1 through the gas passages 23e and 25e. It has become.

次に、以上のように構成される金型１における、前記ビレット５の成形工程について説明する。
ビレット５を成形加工して成形品を得る際には、まず、図１に示すように、固定型２０の前記成形空間２６に成形対象となるビレット５を載置する。
この場合、前記ノックアウト型２は上下摺動範囲の下端側に位置しており、該ノックアウト型２の上面と、下型２２の上面とは略面一になっている。 Next, the process of forming the billet 5 in the mold 1 configured as described above will be described.
When the billet 5 is molded to obtain a molded product, first, as shown in FIG. 1, the billet 5 to be molded is placed in the molding space 26 of the fixed mold 20.
In this case, the knockout mold 2 is located on the lower end side of the vertical sliding range, and the upper surface of the knockout mold 2 and the upper surface of the lower mold 22 are substantially flush with each other.

このように、前記成形空間２６にビレット５を載置した後、図３、図４に示すように、パンチ１１を下降させて（固定型２０方向へ移動させて）該ビレット５を押圧し、加圧変形させる。
パンチ１１により押圧されたビレット５は、押し潰されて変形し、その外周が外側へ膨出していく。 Thus, after placing the billet 5 in the molding space 26, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the punch 11 is lowered (moved toward the fixed mold 20) to press the billet 5, Pressurize and deform.
The billet 5 pressed by the punch 11 is crushed and deformed, and its outer periphery bulges outward.

また、パンチ１１によりビレット５を加圧変形させる成形時には、金型１の外部から前記ガス通路２３ｅ・２５ｅを通じて、前記隙間２３ｃへ窒素ガスを送入するようにしている。この隙間２３ｃへの窒素ガスの送入は成形開始から完了まで行われる。   Further, at the time of molding in which the billet 5 is pressurized and deformed by the punch 11, nitrogen gas is fed into the gap 23c from the outside of the mold 1 through the gas passages 23e and 25e. Nitrogen gas is fed into the gap 23c from the start to the end of molding.

このように、隙間２３ｃへ窒素ガスを送入することで、該隙間２３ｃと連通している前記成形空間２６内の雰囲気が窒素雰囲気となり、該成形空間２５内にて成形されるビレット５の表面が酸化することを防止でき、該ビレット５表面にスケールが発生することを抑制することができる。
なお、前記隙間２３ｃの寸法ｄ（図４参照）は、加圧変形されるビレット５が該隙間２３ｃへ侵入してこない程度の大きさに設定されている。 Thus, by sending nitrogen gas into the gap 23c, the atmosphere in the molding space 26 communicating with the gap 23c becomes a nitrogen atmosphere, and the surface of the billet 5 molded in the molding space 25 Can be prevented from being oxidized, and generation of scale on the surface of the billet 5 can be suppressed.
The dimension d (see FIG. 4) of the gap 23c is set to such a size that the billet 5 to be deformed under pressure does not enter the gap 23c.

図５に示すように、パンチ１１がさらに下降してビレット５を押圧すると、外側へ膨らむビレット５が前記ダイス２３の歯面成形部２３ａの上端に形成される凹溝部２３ｄ内に流入することとなる。   As shown in FIG. 5, when the punch 11 further descends and presses the billet 5, the billet 5 that swells outward flows into the recessed groove portion 23 d formed at the upper end of the tooth surface molding portion 23 a of the die 23. Become.

図６に示すように、前記凹溝部２３ｄ内にビレット５が流入すると、下降するパンチ１１により、凹溝部２３ｄ内に流入したビレット５を介して歯面成形部２３ａが下方へ押し下げられ弾性変形する。
この場合、歯面成形部２３ａは、該歯面成形部２３ａの下方に隙間２３ｃが存在していることにより下方へ弾性変形することが可能となっており、該歯面成形部２３ａは、その内周側端となる歯面成形面２３ｂの下端が前記下型２２の上面に当接するまで押し下げられる。 As shown in FIG. 6, when the billet 5 flows into the concave groove portion 23d, the tooth surface molding portion 23a is pushed down and elastically deformed by the descending punch 11 via the billet 5 flowing into the concave groove portion 23d. .
In this case, the tooth surface molding portion 23a can be elastically deformed downward due to the presence of the gap 23c below the tooth surface molding portion 23a. It is pushed down until the lower end of the tooth surface molding surface 23b serving as the inner peripheral side end contacts the upper surface of the lower mold 22.

また、図７に示すように、前記歯面成形部２３ａは、歯面成形面２３ｂの下端が下型２２の上面に当接するまで押し下げられた状態になると、該歯面成形面２３ｂに設けられていた抜き勾配θがなくなり（つまり、θ＝０°となる）、歯面成形面２３ｂは下型２２の上面と略垂直となる。   Further, as shown in FIG. 7, when the tooth surface molding portion 23a is pushed down until the lower end of the tooth surface molding surface 23b comes into contact with the upper surface of the lower mold 22, the tooth surface molding surface 23b is provided. The draft angle θ is lost (that is, θ = 0 °), and the tooth surface molding surface 23 b is substantially perpendicular to the upper surface of the lower die 22.

そして、パンチ１１に押圧されて加圧変形されるビレット５は、抜き勾配θがなくなった歯面成形面２３ｂに押し当てられて、その歯面が成形される。
このように、ビレット５は、抜き勾配θがない状態の歯面成形面２３ｂにより成形されるので、成形後には抜き勾配θのない成形品が得られることとなる。 Then, the billet 5 that is pressed and deformed by being pressed by the punch 11 is pressed against the tooth surface forming surface 23b having no draft angle θ, and the tooth surface is formed.
Thus, since the billet 5 is molded by the tooth surface molding surface 23b in a state without the draft θ, a molded product without the draft θ is obtained after molding.

パンチ１１の下降によりビレット５を加圧変形させて行った成形が完了すると、図８に示すように、前記パンチ１１を上昇させて該パンチ１１から固定型２０側へかかっていた荷重を除去するとともに、前記ノックアウト型２４を下型２２に対して上昇させて成形品を上方へ突き上げ、該成形品を固定型２０から離型させる。   When the molding performed by pressurizing and deforming the billet 5 by the lowering of the punch 11 is completed, the punch 11 is lifted to remove the load applied from the punch 11 to the fixed die 20 as shown in FIG. At the same time, the knockout mold 24 is raised relative to the lower mold 22 to push the molded product upward, and the molded product is released from the fixed mold 20.

このように、成形品を固定型２０から離型させるときには、前記パンチ１１からの荷重が除去されると、該パンチ１１により凹溝部２３ｄ内に流入したビレット５を介して下方へ押し下げられ弾性変形していたダイス２３の歯面成形部２３ａが、元の形状に戻ろうとして上方へ跳ね上がることとなる。   As described above, when the molded product is released from the fixed mold 20, when the load from the punch 11 is removed, the punch 11 is pushed down by the punch 11 through the billet 5 flowing into the concave groove portion 23 d and elastically deformed. The tooth surface forming portion 23a of the die 23 that has been formed will jump upward to return to the original shape.

この歯面成形部２３ａが上方へ跳ね上がるスプリングバックにより、成形品が固定型２０から離型する動作が補助され、成形品を固定型２０から容易に離型（ノックアウト）することが可能となっている。   The operation of releasing the molded product from the fixed mold 20 is assisted by the spring back in which the tooth surface forming portion 23a jumps upward, and the molded product can be easily released (knocked out) from the fixed mold 20. Yes.

また、上述のように、金型１においては、下型２２の上面と略垂直で抜き勾配θがない状態の歯面成形面２３ｂによりビレット５が成形されるので、得られた成形品には抜き勾配θがなく、抜き勾配θを除去して成形品の形状を修正するための複雑かつ高精度な機械加工を施す必要がない。
さらに、本例の金型１により前記ビレット５を成形する際には、通常の鍛造成形を行う場合の工程と同様の工程を行うだけでよいので、多工程を要することもなく、容易かつ短時間で成形品を得ることができ、製品の低コスト化を図ることができる。 Further, as described above, in the mold 1, the billet 5 is formed by the tooth surface forming surface 23 b that is substantially perpendicular to the upper surface of the lower die 22 and has no draft θ, There is no draft angle θ, and it is not necessary to perform complicated and highly accurate machining for removing the draft angle θ and correcting the shape of the molded product.
Furthermore, when the billet 5 is formed by the mold 1 of this example, it is only necessary to perform the same process as that in the case of performing normal forging. A molded product can be obtained in time, and the cost of the product can be reduced.

なお、本例では、金型１を、勾配のない最終製品を成形するための金型として、成形時に歯面成形面２３ｂの抜き勾配θがない状態となるように構成しているが、これに限るものではなく、勾配を有する最終製品を成形する金型に構成することもできる。
この場合は、成形時における歯面成形面２３ｂの抜き勾配θが、前記最終製品の勾配と同等になるようにダイス２３を形成し、最終製品の勾配と同じ勾配を有した成形品を成形できるように構成すればよい。
このように構成することで、成形品を固定型２０から離型するときにも容易に離型することができるとともに、従来のような金型１とは別の型を用いて形状の修正を行う工程を省略することが可能となる。 In this example, the mold 1 is configured as a mold for molding a final product having no gradient so that there is no draft θ of the tooth surface molding surface 23b at the time of molding. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and it may be configured as a mold for forming a final product having a gradient.
In this case, the die 23 is formed such that the draft angle θ of the tooth surface molding surface 23b at the time of molding is equal to the gradient of the final product, and a molded product having the same gradient as the final product can be molded. What is necessary is just to comprise.
With this configuration, when the molded product is released from the fixed mold 20, it can be easily released, and the shape can be corrected using a mold different from the conventional mold 1. The process to be performed can be omitted.

また、本例の金型１を用いて鍛造成形を行う際には、前記歯面成形部２３ａと下型２２との間の隙間２３ｃに窒素ガスを送入するようにしているので、前記ビレット５が加圧変形されて成形される成形空間２６内の雰囲気が窒素雰囲気となり、ビレット５の酸化が抑えられて、スケールの発生が抑制される。
これにより、成形後のスケールを除去する工程を省略することが可能となり、製品を得るまでの工程を短縮化することができる。 Further, when performing forging molding using the mold 1 of this example, nitrogen gas is fed into the gap 23c between the tooth surface molding portion 23a and the lower die 22, so that the billet The atmosphere in the molding space 26 in which 5 is molded by pressure deformation becomes a nitrogen atmosphere, and the oxidation of the billet 5 is suppressed and the generation of scale is suppressed.
Thereby, it becomes possible to omit the process of removing the scale after molding, and the process to obtain a product can be shortened.

なお、本例では、ガス通路２３ｅ・２５ｅを通じて前記隙間２３ｃへ供給するガスとして窒素ガスを用いたが、これに限るものではなく、ビレット５の酸化を防いでスケール発生を抑制することができる他の不活性ガスを用いることも可能である。   In this example, nitrogen gas is used as the gas to be supplied to the gap 23c through the gas passages 23e and 25e. However, the present invention is not limited to this. It is also possible to use an inert gas.

成形初期の金型を示す側面断面図である。It is side surface sectional drawing which shows the metal mold | die of the shaping | molding initial stage. 金型の固定型における歯面成形部近傍を示す側面断面拡大図である。It is a side cross-sectional enlarged view which shows the tooth surface shaping | molding part vicinity in the fixed mold of a metal mold | die. 成形中期の金型を示す側面断面図である。It is side surface sectional drawing which shows the metal mold | die of a shaping | molding middle stage. 成形中期の固定型における歯面成形部近傍を示す側面断面拡大図である。It is a side cross-sectional enlarged view which shows the tooth surface shaping | molding part vicinity in the fixed mold in the shaping | molding middle stage. ビレットがダイスの凹溝部に流入する様子を示す側面断面拡大図である。It is a side cross-sectional enlarged view which shows a mode that a billet flows in into the ditch | groove part of die | dye. 成形後期の金型を示す側面断面図である。It is side surface sectional drawing which shows the metal mold | die of a shaping | molding latter stage. 成形後期の固定型における歯面成形部近傍を示す側面断面拡大図である。It is a side cross-sectional enlarged view which shows the tooth surface shaping | molding part vicinity in the fixed die of the shaping | molding latter stage. 離型時（ノックアウト時）の金型を示す側面断面図である。It is side surface sectional drawing which shows the metal mold | die at the time of mold release (at the time of knockout).

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 金型
１０ 可動型
１１ パンチ
２０ 固定型
２１ ベース台
２２ 下型
２３ ダイス
２３ａ 歯面成形部
２３ｂ 歯面成形面
２３ｃ 隙間
２３ｄ 凹溝部
２３ｅ ガス通路
２４ ノックアウト型
２５ クランプ
２５ｅ ガス通路
θ 抜き勾配 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Mold 10 Movable type 11 Punch 20 Fixed type 21 Base stand 22 Lower die 23 Die 23a Tooth surface forming part 23b Tooth surface forming surface 23c Gap 23d Concave groove part 23e Gas passage 24 Knockout type 25 Clamp 25e Gas passage θ Draw gradient

Claims (4)

互いに対向配置される可動型と固定型とで構成され、
前記可動型は、前記固定型に対して近接離間する方向へ移動可能なパンチを備え、
前記固定型は、歯面成形部を有するダイスと、前記ダイスを支持する下型と、前記下型に摺動自在に嵌挿されるノックアウト型とを備え、
前記歯面成形部における歯面成形面には抜き勾配が設けられており、
前記ダイスと下型とノックアウト型とで、鍛造成形対象となるビレットが設置される成形空間が構成され、
前記パンチを固定型に対して近接する方向へ移動させることで、前記ビレットを加圧変形させて成形する鍛造成形用金型であって、
前記ダイスの歯面成形部と前記下型との間に隙間が形成されるとともに、
前記ダイスの歯面成形部におけるパンチ側面に、該歯面成形部とパンチとの間で前記ビレットが流入可能な空間を構成する凹溝部が形成され、
前記パンチにより前記ビレットを加圧変形させる成形時に、前記凹溝部にビレットが流入して、
前記隙間が形成されている部分の歯面成形部が、前記凹溝部に流入したビレットを介して下型側へ押圧されて弾性変形し、
前記歯面成形部の歯面成形面の抜き勾配が減少して、鍛造成形により得られる最終製品形状に対応した抜き勾配となった状態で成形が行われる、
ことを特徴とする鍛造成形用金型。 It consists of a movable type and a fixed type that are arranged opposite to each other,
The movable mold includes a punch that can move in the direction of approaching and separating from the fixed mold,
The fixed mold includes a die having a tooth surface molding portion, a lower mold that supports the die, and a knockout mold that is slidably fitted into the lower mold.
A draft angle is provided on the tooth surface molding surface in the tooth surface molding part,
The die, the lower die, and the knockout die constitute a molding space in which a billet to be forged is installed,
A forging mold that molds by pressing and deforming the billet by moving the punch in a direction close to the fixed mold,
While a gap is formed between the tooth surface molding part of the die and the lower mold,
On the side surface of the punch in the tooth surface molding portion of the die, a concave groove portion that forms a space into which the billet can flow between the tooth surface molding portion and the punch is formed,
When forming the billet under pressure by the punch, the billet flows into the concave groove,
The tooth surface molding portion of the portion where the gap is formed is pressed and elastically deformed by being pressed to the lower mold side via the billet that has flowed into the concave groove portion,
The draft of the tooth surface molding surface of the tooth surface molding part is reduced and molding is performed in a state corresponding to the final product shape obtained by forging.
A die for forging molding characterized by that. 前記下型には、前記ダイスの歯面成形部と前記下型との間に形成される隙間にガスを供給するためのガス通路が形成される、
ことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の鍛造成形用金型。 The lower mold is formed with a gas passage for supplying gas to a gap formed between the tooth surface molding portion of the die and the lower mold.
The forging mold according to claim 1, wherein: 互いに対向配置される可動型と固定型とで構成され、
前記可動型は、前記固定型に対して近接離間する方向へ移動可能なパンチを備え、
前記固定型は、歯面成形部を有するダイスと、前記ダイスを支持する下型と、前記下型に摺動自在に嵌挿されるノックアウト型とを備え、
前記歯面成形部における歯面成形面には抜き勾配が付されており、
前記ダイスと下型とノックアウト型とで、鍛造成形対象となるビレットが設置される成形空間が構成され、
前記ダイスの歯面成形部と前記下型との間に隙間が形成されるとともに、
前記ダイスの歯面成形部におけるパンチ側面に、該歯面成形部とパンチとの間で前記ビレットが流入可能な空間を構成する凹溝部が形成される鍛造成形用金型を用いて成形を行う鍛造成形方法であって、
前記パンチにより前記ビレットを加圧変形させる成形時に、前記凹溝部にビレットを流入させ、
前記隙間が形成されている部分の歯面成形部を、前記凹溝部に流入したビレットを介して下型側へ押圧して弾性変形させ、
前記歯面成形部の歯面成形面の抜き勾配が減少して、鍛造成形により得られる最終製品形状に対応した抜き勾配となった状態で成形を行う、
ことを特徴とする鍛造成形方法。 It consists of a movable type and a fixed type that are arranged opposite to each other,
The movable mold includes a punch that can move in the direction of approaching and separating from the fixed mold,
The fixed mold includes a die having a tooth surface molding portion, a lower mold that supports the die, and a knockout mold that is slidably fitted into the lower mold.
The tooth surface molding surface in the tooth surface molding part has a draft,
The die, the lower die, and the knockout die constitute a molding space in which a billet to be forged is installed,
While a gap is formed between the tooth surface molding part of the die and the lower mold,
Molding is performed by using a forging mold in which a concave groove that forms a space into which the billet can flow is formed between the tooth surface molding portion and the punch on the punch side surface of the tooth surface molding portion of the die. A forging method,
When forming the billet by pressure deformation by the punch, the billet is caused to flow into the concave groove portion,
The tooth surface molding part of the part where the gap is formed is pressed and elastically deformed by pressing it toward the lower mold side through the billet that has flowed into the concave groove part,
The draft of the tooth surface molding surface of the tooth surface molding part is reduced, and molding is performed in a state corresponding to the final product shape obtained by forging.
A forging method characterized by that. 前記鍛造成形用金型による成形時に、前記ダイスの歯面成形部と前記下型との間の隙間に不活性ガスを供給する、
ことを特徴とする請求項３に記載の鍛造成形方法。

An inert gas is supplied to the gap between the tooth surface molding portion of the die and the lower mold during molding by the forging mold;
The forging method according to claim 3.

JP2007156766A 2007-06-13 2007-06-13 Die for forging and method for forging Expired - Fee Related JP5104051B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2007156766A JP5104051B2 (en) 2007-06-13 2007-06-13 Die for forging and method for forging

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2007156766A JP5104051B2 (en) 2007-06-13 2007-06-13 Die for forging and method for forging

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2008307564A true JP2008307564A (en) 2008-12-25
JP5104051B2 JP5104051B2 (en) 2012-12-19

Family

ID=40235653

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2007156766A Expired - Fee Related JP5104051B2 (en) 2007-06-13 2007-06-13 Die for forging and method for forging

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP5104051B2 (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102699091A (en) * 2012-05-21 2012-10-03 中北大学 Non-flash die for extruding aluminum alloy shell parts
CN103084527A (en) * 2013-01-18 2013-05-08 洛阳秦汉冷锻有限公司 Preforming forging die of sector-shaped forge piece
CN107470533A (en) * 2017-08-24 2017-12-15 山东大为齿轮传动有限公司 A kind of idle pulley processing method and processing assembling die
JP7021757B1 (en) * 2021-04-16 2022-02-17 ハイテン工業株式会社 Molds, forging equipment, and forging methods
CN117428138A (en) * 2023-12-20 2024-01-23 山西金石锻造股份有限公司 Left and right body forging die and device and forging method thereof

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0679392A (en) * 1992-08-31 1994-03-22 Aichi Steel Works Ltd Gear forging method
JPH06114486A (en) * 1992-09-30 1994-04-26 Musashi Seimitsu Ind Co Ltd Manufacture of toothed product
JP2002126847A (en) * 2000-10-23 2002-05-08 Cleartec:Kk Cold forging device

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0679392A (en) * 1992-08-31 1994-03-22 Aichi Steel Works Ltd Gear forging method
JPH06114486A (en) * 1992-09-30 1994-04-26 Musashi Seimitsu Ind Co Ltd Manufacture of toothed product
JP2002126847A (en) * 2000-10-23 2002-05-08 Cleartec:Kk Cold forging device

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102699091A (en) * 2012-05-21 2012-10-03 中北大学 Non-flash die for extruding aluminum alloy shell parts
CN103084527A (en) * 2013-01-18 2013-05-08 洛阳秦汉冷锻有限公司 Preforming forging die of sector-shaped forge piece
CN107470533A (en) * 2017-08-24 2017-12-15 山东大为齿轮传动有限公司 A kind of idle pulley processing method and processing assembling die
CN107470533B (en) * 2017-08-24 2023-10-27 山东中兴汽车零部件有限公司 Idler machining method and machining combined die
JP7021757B1 (en) * 2021-04-16 2022-02-17 ハイテン工業株式会社 Molds, forging equipment, and forging methods
CN117428138A (en) * 2023-12-20 2024-01-23 山西金石锻造股份有限公司 Left and right body forging die and device and forging method thereof
CN117428138B (en) * 2023-12-20 2024-02-23 山西金石锻造股份有限公司 Left and right body forging die and device and forging method thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP5104051B2 (en) 2012-12-19

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2015002077A1 (en) Press molding device and press molding method
JP5104051B2 (en) Die for forging and method for forging
WO2007032434A1 (en) Process for producing molded article with undercut, forging apparatus therefor, and intermediate molded object
JP2009262173A (en) Apparatus and method for forming transmission gear by forging
JPWO2014109263A1 (en) Press forming method
JP2010120059A (en) Press formed product, and method and apparatus for manufacturing the same
JP6018251B1 (en) Method and apparatus for forging semi-solid alloy
CN102921755A (en) Right angle extrusion processing method and right angle extrusion processing mould
JP2013000780A (en) Press forming apparatus
KR101433675B1 (en) The cold forging mold for manufacturing under driver brake piston
JP2010247199A (en) Method and device for partial thickness increasing of press-made workpiece
JP4433649B2 (en) Method for forming a product with a flange
JP2008173678A (en) Press forming apparatus
JP2007222879A (en) Die for powder molding and powder molding method
JP2009178738A (en) Apparatus and method for forging gear
JP4804291B2 (en) Manufacturing method of molded product having undercut portion
JP4804292B2 (en) Forging device for molded product having undercut part
JP4274439B2 (en) Molding equipment for closed forging
JP5557922B2 (en) Press molding method and press molding apparatus
JP2007260756A (en) Die unit for forging
JP5035116B2 (en) Press forming equipment
JP2006102819A5 (en)
KR20060023264A (en) Punch press system
KR101719900B1 (en) Mold for molding embossing of metal sheet
JP2004291007A (en) Method for forming product provided with flange

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A621 Written request for application examination

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621

Effective date: 20091014

A977 Report on retrieval

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007

Effective date: 20110714

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20120131

A521 Written amendment

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20120214

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20120904

A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20120917

R151 Written notification of patent or utility model registration

Ref document number: 5104051

Country of ref document: JP

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R151

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20151012

Year of fee payment: 3

LAPS Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees