JP2008301706A - Lighting equipment for mushroom cultivation, and mushroom cultivating method - Google Patents

Lighting equipment for mushroom cultivation, and mushroom cultivating method Download PDF

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JP2008301706A
JP2008301706A JP2007148767A JP2007148767A JP2008301706A JP 2008301706 A JP2008301706 A JP 2008301706A JP 2007148767 A JP2007148767 A JP 2007148767A JP 2007148767 A JP2007148767 A JP 2007148767A JP 2008301706 A JP2008301706 A JP 2008301706A
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light
mushroom cultivation
mushroom
emitting diode
lighting
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Kazunari Abe
一成 阿部
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FUJI HIGHTECH CO Ltd
ORIGIN BIO TECHNOLOGY KK
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FUJI HIGHTECH CO Ltd
ORIGIN BIO TECHNOLOGY KK
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lighting equipment for mushroom cultivation, capable of reducing power consumption, and to provide a mushroom cultivating method. <P>SOLUTION: This lighting equipment includes an LED (light-emitting diode) 4, and a control part 6 which flash controls the LED 4. The flash control of the LED 4 is such that a flash cycle is 10 Hz-80 Hz, and a duty ratio of lighting to extinction is (1:9)-(7:3). <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、キノコ栽培用照明装置およびキノコ栽培方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a lighting device for mushroom cultivation and a mushroom cultivation method.

例えば、特許文献１に開示されるように、キノコの生育過程において、生育の各段階に応じて適正な光刺激を与えることにより、生育の促進および収量の増加を図ることができることが、従来より知られている。また、特許文献１には、キノコに対する光刺激用の照明装置の光源として発光ダイオードを使用する技術が開示されている。このように光源に発光ダイオードを使用することにより、例えば、光源に白熱電灯や蛍光灯を使用する場合に比べて、キノコに光刺激を与える際の消費電力の低減を図ることができる。
特開２００１−２６９０５３号公報（要約等参照） For example, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, in the growth process of mushrooms, it is conventionally possible to promote growth and increase yield by applying appropriate light stimulation according to each stage of growth. Are known. Patent Document 1 discloses a technique of using a light emitting diode as a light source of an illumination device for stimulating light against mushrooms. By using the light emitting diode as the light source in this way, for example, compared with the case where an incandescent lamp or a fluorescent lamp is used as the light source, it is possible to reduce power consumption when applying light stimulation to the mushroom.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-269053 (see abstract, etc.)

しかしながら、近年、キノコの需要量の増加に伴い、栽培設備が大型化し、光刺激を与える照明装置の台数も増え、そのため、一層の消費電力の低減が要求されている。   However, in recent years, with an increase in demand for mushrooms, cultivation facilities have increased in size, and the number of lighting devices that provide light stimulation has increased. Therefore, further reduction in power consumption is required.

そこで、本発明は、さらなる消費電力の低減を図ることができるキノコ栽培用照明装置およびキノコ栽培方法を提供することを目的とする。   Then, an object of this invention is to provide the lighting device for mushroom cultivation and the mushroom cultivation method which can aim at the reduction of further power consumption.

上述の課題を解決するため、キノコ栽培用照明装置において、発光ダイオードと、発光ダーオードを点滅させる制御手段とを備えることとする。   In order to solve the above-described problems, the lighting device for mushroom cultivation includes a light emitting diode and a control unit that blinks the light emitting diode.

キノコ栽培用照明装置をこのように構成することで、キノコ栽培時の消費電力の低減を図ることができる。   By configuring the lighting device for mushroom cultivation in this way, power consumption during mushroom cultivation can be reduced.

また、他の発明は、上述の発明に加え、点滅は、点滅周期が１０Ｈｚから８０Ｈｚであり、点灯と消灯のデューティ比が１：９から７：３であることとする。キノコ栽培用照明装置をこのように構成することで、キノコへの光刺激の効率とキノコ栽培時の消費電力の低減とを効率的に行うことができる。   In another invention, in addition to the above-described invention, blinking has a blinking period of 10 Hz to 80 Hz, and a duty ratio of lighting and extinguishing is 1: 9 to 7: 3. By configuring the lighting device for mushroom cultivation in this way, the efficiency of light stimulation to the mushroom and the reduction of the power consumption during mushroom cultivation can be efficiently performed.

また、他の発明は、上述の発明に加え、点滅による発光は、１／ｆ揺らぎであることとする。キノコ栽培用照明装置をこのように構成することで、キノコへの光刺激の効率とキノコ栽培時の消費電力の低減とを効率的に行うことができる。   In another invention, in addition to the above-described invention, light emission by blinking is 1 / f fluctuation. By configuring the lighting device for mushroom cultivation in this way, the efficiency of light stimulation to the mushroom and the reduction of the power consumption during mushroom cultivation can be efficiently performed.

また、他の発明は、上述の発明に加え、上述のキノコ栽培用照明装置を少なくとも２つ有し、これらキノコ栽培用照明装置の内、少なくとも１つは、他のキノコ栽培用照明装置に対して、点滅の際の点灯時期が重ならないようにしたこととする。キノコ栽培用照明装置をこのように構成することで、消費電力のピーク電力の低下を図ることができる。   Further, in addition to the above-mentioned invention, another invention has at least two lighting devices for cultivating mushrooms, and at least one of these lighting devices for cultivating mushrooms is for other lighting devices for cultivating mushrooms. Therefore, it is assumed that the lighting times at the time of blinking do not overlap. By configuring the lighting device for mushroom cultivation in this way, it is possible to reduce the peak power consumption.

上述の課題を解決するため、キノコ栽培用照明装置において、発光ダイオードと、発光ダーオードの発光光量を１／ｆ揺らぎで変化させる制御手段とを備えることとする。キノコ栽培用照明装置をこのように構成することで、キノコへの光刺激の効率とキノコ栽培時の消費電力の低減とを効率的に行うことができる。   In order to solve the above-described problems, the mushroom cultivation lighting device includes a light emitting diode and a control unit that changes the amount of light emitted by the light emitting diode by 1 / f fluctuation. By configuring the lighting device for mushroom cultivation in this way, the efficiency of light stimulation to the mushroom and the reduction of the power consumption during mushroom cultivation can be efficiently performed.

また、他の発明は、上述の発明に加え、発光ダイオードは、白色の発光ダイオードと青色の発光ダイオードを、２：８から８：２の光量比の割合で備えていることとする。キノコ栽培用照明装置をこのように構成することで、キノコへの光刺激を効率的に行うことができると共に、作業が行い易い照明を得ることができる。   In another invention, in addition to the above-described invention, the light emitting diode includes a white light emitting diode and a blue light emitting diode in a ratio of a light amount ratio of 2: 8 to 8: 2. By configuring the lighting device for mushroom cultivation in this way, light stimulation to the mushroom can be efficiently performed, and lighting that can be easily performed can be obtained.

上述の課題を解決するため、キノコ栽培方法において、キノコの子実体形成時に、子実体を発光ダイオードにより照明し、発光ダーオードを点滅させることとする。   In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the mushroom cultivation method, when a fruit body of a mushroom is formed, the fruit body is illuminated with a light emitting diode, and the light emitting diode is blinked.

キノコ栽培方法をこのように行うことにより、消費電力の低減を図りながら、効率的に子実体の形成を促すことができる。   By performing the mushroom cultivation method in this way, it is possible to efficiently promote the formation of fruiting bodies while reducing power consumption.

上述の課題を解決するため、キノコ栽培方法において、キノコの子実体形成時に、子実体を発光ダイオードにより照明し、発光ダーオードを、点滅による発光が１／ｆ揺らぎとなるように発光させることとする。   In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the mushroom cultivation method, when the fruit body of the mushroom is formed, the fruit body is illuminated with a light emitting diode, and the light emitting diode is caused to emit light so that the light emission by blinking becomes 1 / f fluctuation. .

キノコ栽培方法をこのように行うことにより、消費電力の低減を図りながら、効率的に子実体の形成を促すことができる。   By performing the mushroom cultivation method in this way, it is possible to efficiently promote the formation of fruiting bodies while reducing power consumption.

本発明によれば、消費電力の低減を図ることができるキノコ栽培用照明装置およびキノコ栽培方法を提供することができる。   ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the illuminating device for mushroom cultivation and the mushroom cultivation method which can aim at reduction of power consumption can be provided.

図１から図３を参照しながら本発明の実施の形態に係るキノコ栽培用照明装置（以下、単に、照明装置と記載する。）１およびキノコ栽培方法について説明する。図１は、本発明の実施の形態に係る照明装置１の構成を示す図である。図２は、照明装置１が取り付けられた栽培棚２の概略構成を示す栽培棚２の斜視図である。図３は、照明装置１が取り付けられた栽培棚２が設置されているキノコ栽培室３の概略構成を示すキノコ栽培室３の透視斜視図である。なお、キノコ栽培方法については、照明装置１の構成に併せて説明する。   A mushroom cultivation lighting device (hereinafter simply referred to as a lighting device) 1 and a mushroom cultivation method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a lighting device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the cultivation shelf 2 showing a schematic configuration of the cultivation shelf 2 to which the lighting device 1 is attached. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the mushroom cultivation room 3 showing a schematic configuration of the mushroom cultivation room 3 in which the cultivation shelf 2 to which the lighting device 1 is attached is installed. The mushroom cultivation method will be described in conjunction with the configuration of the lighting device 1.

図１に示すように、照明装置１は、複数の発光ダイオード（以下、ＬＥＤと記載する）４を光源とする照明灯５と、ＬＥＤ４の発光を制御する制御手段としての制御部６を有する。   As shown in FIG. 1, the lighting device 1 includes an illuminating lamp 5 having a plurality of light emitting diodes (hereinafter referred to as LEDs) 4 as a light source, and a control unit 6 as a control unit that controls light emission of the LEDs 4.

照明灯５は、光源となる複数のＬＥＤ４と、これら複数のＬＥＤ４が取り付けられる基板７と、ＬＥＤ４が取り付けられた状態の基板７を、ＬＥＤ４と共に収容する管体８とを有している。基板７は細長い矩形を呈し、この基板７上に、例えば、１．５ｃｍ間隔で１列に５０個のＬＥＤ４が取り付けられている。すなわち、基板７上には、ＬＥＤアレイが形成されることになる。   The illuminating lamp 5 includes a plurality of LEDs 4 serving as a light source, a substrate 7 to which the plurality of LEDs 4 are attached, and a tube body 8 that accommodates the substrate 7 to which the LEDs 4 are attached together with the LEDs 4. The substrate 7 has an elongated rectangular shape. On the substrate 7, for example, 50 LEDs 4 are attached in a row at intervals of 1.5 cm. That is, an LED array is formed on the substrate 7.

管体８は、アクリル、あるいは塩化ビニル等の透明な樹脂材より形成される円筒状を呈する。この管体８の一端側は閉鎖され、他端側には開口部９が形成されている。そして、ＬＥＤ４が取り付けられた基板７は、開口部９の側から管体８内に挿入され、管体８内に収納される。   The tubular body 8 has a cylindrical shape formed of a transparent resin material such as acrylic or vinyl chloride. One end of the tube 8 is closed, and an opening 9 is formed on the other end. Then, the substrate 7 to which the LEDs 4 are attached is inserted into the tube body 8 from the opening 9 side and is stored in the tube body 8.

管体８の開口部９には、管体８を液密に封止する蓋体１０が嵌め込まれている。この蓋体１０には、ＬＥＤ４に電力を供給するために基板７に接続される電極ピン１１が通されている。なお、蓋体１０と電極ピン１１の間も液密に構成されている。蓋体１０を、例えば、ゴム材やエラストマ材のような弾性材により形成することにより、管体８に嵌め込まれる蓋体１０と管体８との間、および蓋体１０を通る電極ピン１１と蓋体１０との間はそれぞれ密着状態となり液密な構成となる。以上のように構成される照明灯５は、外見上は、いわゆる直管型蛍光ランプと同様の形状を呈している。   A lid 10 that seals the tube 8 in a liquid-tight manner is fitted into the opening 9 of the tube 8. An electrode pin 11 connected to the substrate 7 is passed through the lid 10 to supply power to the LED 4. The lid 10 and the electrode pin 11 are also liquid-tight. For example, by forming the lid body 10 by an elastic material such as a rubber material or an elastomer material, the electrode pin 11 passing between the lid body 10 and the tube body 8 fitted into the tube body 8 and passing through the lid body 10 The lid 10 is in close contact with each other and has a liquid-tight configuration. The illuminating lamp 5 configured as described above has the same shape as a so-called straight tube fluorescent lamp.

照明灯５は、電極ピン１１が所定の配線を介して制御部６に接続され、この制御部６は、ＡＣ−ＤＣコンバータ１２を介して商業用交流電源１３に接続される。そして、照明灯５は制御部６により制御されることで、その制御内容に応じた発光を行う。   The illuminating lamp 5 has electrode pins 11 connected to a control unit 6 via a predetermined wiring, and the control unit 6 is connected to a commercial AC power source 13 via an AC-DC converter 12. The illumination lamp 5 is controlled by the control unit 6 to emit light according to the control content.

栽培棚２は、図２に示すように、複数の棚段１４が形成され、各段の棚板１５には、キノコの栽培ポット１６が載置されている。例えば、この実施の形態においては、栽培棚２は、４段の棚段１４が設けられ、各棚段１４毎に、１列につき５個の栽培ポット１６が４列、すなわち、合計２０個の栽培ポット１６が収容されている。そして、各棚段１４の天井面１７には、栽培ポット１６の列毎に照明灯５が設置される。すなわち、各棚段１４には４本の照明灯５が設置され、１つの栽培棚２には合計１６本の照明灯５が取り付けられている。これらの照明灯５は、制御部６に接続され、１６本の各照明灯５は制御部６により発光制御されるように構成されている。   As shown in FIG. 2, the cultivation shelf 2 is formed with a plurality of shelf steps 14, and mushroom cultivation pots 16 are placed on the shelf plates 15 of each step. For example, in this embodiment, the cultivation shelf 2 is provided with four shelves 14, and for each shelf 14, there are four cultivation pots 16 per row, that is, a total of 20 A cultivation pot 16 is accommodated. And the illumination light 5 is installed in the ceiling surface 17 of each shelf 14 for every row | line | column of the cultivation pot 16. FIG. That is, four lamps 5 are installed on each shelf 14, and a total of 16 lamps 5 are mounted on one cultivation shelf 2. These illuminating lamps 5 are connected to a control unit 6, and each of the 16 illuminating lamps 5 is configured to be controlled to emit light by the control unit 6.

栽培棚２は、図３に示すように、キノコ栽培室３内に設置され、キノコ栽培室３には、複数の栽培棚２が設置されている。本実施の形態におけるキノコ栽培室３は、不図示の別の栽培室にて芽出しされ子実体（キノコ）原基まで生育された子実体原基に対し、子実体の生育を行うため栽培室である。すなわち、このキノコ栽培室３においては、子実体の茎と傘が形成される生育が行われる。   As shown in FIG. 3, the cultivation shelf 2 is installed in a mushroom cultivation room 3, and a plurality of cultivation shelves 2 are installed in the mushroom cultivation room 3. The mushroom cultivation room 3 in the present embodiment is a cultivation room for growing fruit bodies on the fruit body primordium sprouting in another cultivation room (not shown) and growing to the fruit body (mushroom) primordium. is there. That is, in this mushroom cultivation room 3, the growth in which the stem and umbrella of a fruit body are formed is performed.

ところで、キノコ栽培室３内は、子実体の成長を促すために、高湿度の状態となっている。しかしながら、基板７とＬＥＤ４を収容した管体８は、上述したように、蓋体１０が管体８の開口部９に対して液密に嵌め込まれ、また電極ピン１１も蓋体１０に液密な状態で通されている。したがって、管体８の内部は防湿状態が保たれ、照明灯５が高湿度の中に設置されても、基板７において短絡事故が発生しない構成となっている。なお、キノコ栽培室３には、縦横に設定される所定の間隔の通路１８を挟んで、複数の栽培棚２が配設されている。この通路１８は、作業者がキノコ栽培室３内を移動するときの通路として使用されると共に、栽培棚２に収容される栽培ポット１６や栽培ポット１６内の子実体に対して作業を行う際の、作業者の立ち位置として使用される。   By the way, the inside of the mushroom cultivation room 3 is in a high humidity state in order to promote the growth of fruit bodies. However, in the tube body 8 containing the substrate 7 and the LED 4, as described above, the lid body 10 is liquid-tightly fitted into the opening 9 of the tube body 8, and the electrode pin 11 is also liquid-tight to the lid body 10. It is passed in the state. Therefore, the inside of the tube body 8 is kept in a moisture-proof state, and the short circuit accident does not occur in the substrate 7 even when the illumination lamp 5 is installed in high humidity. In the mushroom cultivation room 3, a plurality of cultivation shelves 2 are arranged across a passage 18 having a predetermined interval set vertically and horizontally. The passage 18 is used as a passage when the worker moves in the mushroom cultivation room 3 and when working on the cultivation pot 16 accommodated in the cultivation shelf 2 and the fruit body in the cultivation pot 16. Used as the operator's standing position.

子実体の生育においては、子実体原基あるいは子実体に対し、光を照射し光刺激を与えることにより、茎の成長を抑えながら傘の成長を促すことができ、ひいてはキノコ（子実体）としての商品価値を高めることができることが一般に知られている。そのため、キノコ栽培室３に設置される栽培棚２に取り付けられている照明装置１は、子実体に対して、上記のように茎の成長の抑制と傘の成長の促進を図る目的で照明を行う。   In the growth of fruiting bodies, by irradiating light to the fruiting body primordial or fruiting body, it is possible to promote the growth of the umbrella while suppressing the growth of the stem, and as a mushroom (fruiting body) It is generally known that the commercial value of can be increased. Therefore, the lighting device 1 attached to the cultivation shelf 2 installed in the mushroom cultivation room 3 illuminates the fruit body for the purpose of suppressing the growth of the stem and promoting the growth of the umbrella as described above. Do.

そして、本実施の形態における照明装置１においては、制御部６は、子実体原基あるいは子実体に光刺激を与えている期間、照明灯５のＬＥＤ４を点滅発光するように制御している。つまり、制御部６には、周波数ジェネレータが備えられ、例えば、発光と消灯のデューティ比が５：５、点滅周期が５０Ｈｚで点滅するように、照明灯５のＬＥＤ４の発光制御を行う。   And in the illuminating device 1 in this Embodiment, the control part 6 is controlled to blink and light-emit LED4 of the illuminating lamp 5 during the period which is giving a light stimulus to the fruit body origin or the fruit body. That is, the control unit 6 includes a frequency generator, and performs light emission control of the LED 4 of the illuminating lamp 5 such that the duty ratio of light emission and extinction is 5: 5 and the blinking cycle is 50 Hz.

このように、ＬＥＤ４が点滅制御された場合には、点灯時において子実体原基あるいは子実体に光が照射され光刺激が与えられる。そのため、上述した子実体の茎の成長抑制と傘の成長促進が図られる。一方、ＬＥＤ４は点滅させられることで、ＬＥＤ４の点灯を継続させる場合に比べて、消費電力を小さくすることができる。例えば、上述したように、発光と消灯のデューティ比を５：５、点滅周期を５０Ｈｚで点滅させた場合には、点滅時間の内、すなわち、光刺激を与えている時間の内、１／２の時間は、ＬＥＤ４は消灯していることになる。そのため、消費電力が半分（１／２）となる。また、点滅周期が５０Ｈｚ程度であると、人間の目にとっては残像効果によりちらつき感の少ない照明として、点滅するＬＥＤ４の照明下においても、通常の蛍光灯と同様な感覚で作業を行うことができる。   In this manner, when the LED 4 is controlled to blink, light is applied to the fruit body base or the fruit body when the LED 4 is turned on, and light stimulation is given. Therefore, growth suppression of the stem of the fruit body mentioned above and promotion of growth of an umbrella are achieved. On the other hand, since the LED 4 is blinked, the power consumption can be reduced as compared with the case where the LED 4 is continuously turned on. For example, as described above, when the duty ratio of light emission and extinction is blinked at 5: 5 and the blinking cycle is 50 Hz, 1/2 of the blinking time, that is, the time during which the light stimulus is applied. During this time, the LED 4 is turned off. Therefore, the power consumption is halved (1/2). In addition, when the blinking cycle is about 50 Hz, the human eye can perform work with the same feeling as a normal fluorescent lamp even under the illumination of the blinking LED 4 as illumination with less flickering feeling due to an afterimage effect. .

なお、発光と消灯のデューティ比は、１：９〜７：３、点滅周期を１０Ｈｚから８０Ｈｚの範囲であれば、子実体の茎の成長抑制と傘の成長促進は十分に図られる。また、点滅の消灯時間に応じて、ＬＥＤ４を継続して点灯する場合に比べて、消費電力を低下させることができる。つまり、子実体の生育に要する消費電力を小さくすることができ、ひいては、キノコの栽培コストの低減を図ることができる。   In addition, if the duty ratio of light emission and extinction is 1: 9 to 7: 3 and the blinking cycle is in the range of 10 Hz to 80 Hz, the growth suppression of the stem of the fruit body and the promotion of the growth of the umbrella are sufficiently achieved. Moreover, according to the blinking extinction time, power consumption can be reduced compared with the case where LED4 is lighted continuously. That is, it is possible to reduce the power consumption required for the growth of fruiting bodies, and to reduce the cultivation cost of mushrooms.

ところで、子実体に対する光刺激のための照明光を青色の光とすることにより、子実体の茎の成長を抑制しながら、傘の成長を効果的に促すことができる。そのため、ＬＥＤ４は、発光色が青色のもの、いわゆる青色ＬＥＤとすることが好ましい。白色ＬＥＤや他の色のＬＥＤとしてもよい。   By the way, it is possible to effectively promote the growth of the umbrella while suppressing the growth of the stem of the fruit body by using the blue illumination light for the light stimulation for the fruit body. Therefore, the LED 4 is preferably a so-called blue LED whose emission color is blue. It is good also as white LED and LED of another color.

なお、照明装置１は、所定時間、例えば、数時間間隔で、子実体原基あるいは子実体に光刺激を与えるように稼動状態（光刺激を与える状態）と非稼動状態（光刺激を与えない状態）とを繰り返すように稼動させる他、常時、光刺激を与えるように連続的に稼動させるようにしてもよい。   Note that the lighting device 1 is in an operating state (a state in which a light stimulus is applied) and a non-operating state (a light stimulus is not applied) so as to apply a light stimulus to a child entity base or a child entity at a predetermined time, for example, at intervals of several hours. In addition, the operation may be performed continuously so as to give a light stimulus at all times.

（変形例１）
制御部６は、子実体原基あるいは子実体に光刺激を与えている期間、上述したように、一定の周期で、一定の発光光量、すなわち一定の発光輝度でＬＥＤ４を点滅制御させる他、ＬＥＤ４の点滅による発光を１／ｆ揺らぎとしてもよい。すなわち、制御部６は、ＬＥＤ４を点滅発光させるとともに、この点滅に併せてＬＥＤ４の発光輝度を変化させ、この輝度の変化が１／ｆ揺らぎとなるように、点滅の周期とＬＥＤ４の発光輝度とを制御する。つまり、子実体原基あるいは子実体に光刺激を与える照明光に１／ｆ揺らぎを持たせるように、ＬＥＤ４の点滅を制御する。 (Modification 1)
As described above, the control unit 6 controls the LED 4 to blink at a constant light intensity, that is, at a constant light emission luminance, during a period in which light stimulation is applied to the fruit body base or the fruit body, as described above. The light emission by flashing may be 1 / f fluctuation. That is, the control unit 6 causes the LED 4 to flash and emit light, and also changes the light emission luminance of the LED 4 in association with this blinking, so that the change in luminance becomes 1 / f fluctuation and the light emission luminance of the LED 4. To control. That is, the blinking of the LED 4 is controlled so as to give 1 / f fluctuation to the illumination light that gives a light stimulus to the fruit body base or the fruit body.

このように、ＬＥＤ４の点滅発光（照明光）を１／ｆ揺らぎとなるように制御した場合には、ＬＥＤ４を点滅させることで消費電力を少ないものとすることができることに加えて、子実体に１／ｆ揺らぎの光刺激を与えることとなるため、子実体の茎の成長抑制と、傘の成長をより一層効果的に促すことができる。   As described above, when the flashing light emission (illumination light) of the LED 4 is controlled to be 1 / f fluctuation, the power consumption can be reduced by blinking the LED 4, Since 1 / f fluctuation light stimulation is given, the growth suppression of the stem of the fruit body and the growth of the umbrella can be further effectively promoted.

（変形例２）
また、制御部６は、子実体原基あるいは子実体に光刺激を与えている期間、ＬＥＤ４を点灯と消灯とを繰り返す点滅制御することなく、ＬＥＤ４の発光輝度の変化が１／ｆ揺らぎとなるように、ＬＥＤ４の発光輝度を変化させる制御としてもよい。すなわち、ＬＥＤ４の発光輝度と発光輝度の変化の周波数とが、いわゆる１／ｆ揺らぎとなるように制御するようにしてもよい。つまり、制御部６は、ＬＥＤ４の発光輝度が輝度変化の周波数に反比例するように、ＬＥＤ４の発光を制御する。 (Modification 2)
In addition, the control unit 6 does not perform blinking control of repeatedly turning on and off the LED 4 during a period in which light stimulation is applied to the fruit body base or the fruit body, and the change in the light emission luminance of the LED 4 becomes 1 / f fluctuation. Thus, it is good also as control which changes the light emission luminance of LED4. That is, you may make it control so that the light emission luminance of LED4 and the frequency of change of light emission luminance may be what is called 1 / f fluctuation. That is, the control unit 6 controls the light emission of the LED 4 so that the light emission luminance of the LED 4 is inversely proportional to the frequency of luminance change.

このように、ＬＥＤ４の発光を１／ｆ揺らぎとなるように制御した場合には、ＬＥＤ４を一定の輝度で点灯し続ける場合に比べ、輝度変化の周波数が高くなる部分では輝度が低くなる。そのため、ＬＥＤ４を一定輝度で点灯させる場合に比べて、１／ｆ揺らぎで輝度に変化を持たせた方が、消費電力を少ないものとすることができる。これに加えて、子実体に１／ｆ揺らぎの光刺激を与えることにより、子実体の茎の成長抑制と、傘の成長をより一層効果的に促すことができる。   As described above, when the light emission of the LED 4 is controlled so as to fluctuate 1 / f, the luminance is lowered in the portion where the frequency of the luminance change is higher than in the case where the LED 4 is continuously lit at a constant luminance. Therefore, compared with the case where the LED 4 is lit at a constant luminance, the power consumption can be reduced when the luminance is changed by 1 / f fluctuation. In addition, by giving a light stimulus of 1 / f fluctuation to the fruit body, the growth suppression of the stem of the fruit body and the growth of the umbrella can be promoted more effectively.

なお、制御部６は、キノコ栽培室３内の照明灯５毎に備えるようにしたり、各栽培棚２毎に備えるようにする他、キノコ栽培室３内にある照明灯５の全てを１つの制御部６により集中制御するようにしてもよい。また、キノコ栽培室３内に設置される栽培棚２を半分ずつ、あるいは４分の１ずつに分け、半分毎、あるいは４分の１毎に制御部６を設けるように構成してもよい。このように構成した場合には、キノコ栽培室３内に設置される栽培棚２を半分ずつ、あるいは４分の１ずつの単位で、照明灯５の発光が制御されることになる。   In addition, the control part 6 prepares for every illumination lamp 5 in the mushroom cultivation room 3, or prepares for every cultivation shelf 2, and also sets all the illumination lights 5 in the mushroom cultivation room 3 to one. Centralized control may be performed by the control unit 6. Moreover, you may comprise so that the cultivation shelf 2 installed in the mushroom cultivation room 3 may be divided into half or a quarter, and the control part 6 may be provided for every half or every quarter. When comprised in this way, light emission of the illuminating lamp 5 will be controlled by the unit of the cultivation shelf 2 installed in the mushroom cultivation room 3 by a half or a quarter.

（変形例３）
次に、上述の実施の形態に係る照明装置１の変形例３に係る照明装置２０の構成を図４に示す。照明装置１と同様の部材については、同一の符号を付し、その説明を省略する。 (Modification 3)
Next, the structure of the illuminating device 20 which concerns on the modification 3 of the illuminating device 1 which concerns on the above-mentioned embodiment is shown in FIG. About the member similar to the illuminating device 1, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

上述の照明装置１のようにＬＥＤ４を全て青色発光ＬＥＤとした場合には、栽培ポット１６等に対して作業を行う際、照明灯５の照明色が青色であるため、人間の目には暗く感じられ、作業がし難い場合がある。そのため、図４に示すように、基板７には、白色ＬＥＤ２１と青色ＬＥＤ２２が１つずつ交互に取り付けられている。このように、白色ＬＥＤ２１を取り付け照明光に白色を混ぜることにより、作業を行う人間の目には手元が明るく感じられることになり、作業効率を上げることができる。   When all the LEDs 4 are blue light-emitting LEDs as in the lighting device 1 described above, when the work is performed on the cultivation pot 16 and the like, the illumination color of the illumination lamp 5 is blue, so that it is dark to human eyes. It may be felt and difficult to work. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, the white LED 21 and the blue LED 22 are alternately attached to the substrate 7 one by one. In this way, by attaching the white LED 21 and mixing white with the illumination light, the hand of the person who performs the work feels bright and the work efficiency can be increased.

白色ＬＥＤ２１と青色ＬＥＤ２２の光量の比が２：８から８：２となるように白色ＬＥＤ２１と青色ＬＥＤ２２の光量を設定することで、作業をする者にとって、照明光が明るく感じられ、作業効率を上げることができる。具体的には、白色ＬＥＤ２１と青色ＬＥＤ２２の各１個の光量が同じ場合には、白色ＬＥＤ２１と青色ＬＥＤ２２を取り付ける個数の割合を２：８から８：２の割合で取り付けることにより、作業者が作業を効率良く行うための照明光の明るさを確保することができると共に、子実体の茎の成長の抑制と傘の成長も図ることができる。   By setting the light quantity of the white LED 21 and the blue LED 22 so that the ratio of the light quantity of the white LED 21 and the blue LED 22 is from 2: 8 to 8: 2, the illumination light is felt bright for the person who works, and the work efficiency is improved. Can be raised. Specifically, when the amount of light of each of the white LED 21 and the blue LED 22 is the same, the ratio of the number of the white LEDs 21 and the blue LEDs 22 to be attached is set at a ratio of 2: 8 to 8: 2, thereby allowing the operator to The brightness of the illumination light for efficiently performing the work can be ensured, and the growth of the stem of the fruit body and the growth of the umbrella can also be achieved.

なお、白色ＬＥＤ２１から照射される照明光には、青色の波長の光（青色光）も含まれている。すなわち、子実体の白色ＬＥＤ２１から照射される照明光には青色光も含まれる。そのため、子実体に対する青色光の照射量は、白色ＬＥＤ２１と青色ＬＥＤ２２の取り付け個数の割合以上の量となり、作業効率の向上を図りながら、子実体の茎の成長の抑制と傘の成長を効果的に図ることができる。   The illumination light emitted from the white LED 21 includes light having a blue wavelength (blue light). That is, the illumination light emitted from the white LED 21 of the fruit body includes blue light. Therefore, the amount of blue light applied to the fruit body is more than the ratio of the number of the white LEDs 21 and the blue LEDs 22 attached, and it is effective to suppress the growth of the stem of the fruit body and grow the umbrella while improving the working efficiency. Can be aimed at.

なお、照明装置２０は、光量が白色ＬＥＤ２１と青色ＬＥＤ２２が取り付け個数の比で５：５の割合で取り付けている。このような比率で白色ＬＥＤ２１と青色ＬＥＤ２２を取り付けることで、作業効率の向上および子実体の茎の成長の抑制と傘の成長を共に高いレベルで効果的に図ることができる。   The lighting device 20 is attached with a white light quantity 21 and a blue color LED 22 at a ratio of 5: 5. By attaching the white LED 21 and the blue LED 22 at such a ratio, it is possible to effectively improve the working efficiency, suppress the growth of the stem of the fruit body, and grow the umbrella at a high level.

上述した、照明装置１においては、制御部６に接続されている各照明灯５の各ＬＥＤ４の点滅は、同時に点灯し同時に消灯する構成となっている。また、照明装置１の変形例３として説明した照明装置２０においても、制御部６に接続されている各照明灯５の各ＬＥＤ２１，２２の点滅は、同時に点灯し同時に消灯する構成となっている。したがって、例えば、キノコ栽培室３内に設置されている照明灯５が全て同時に点灯した場合、すなわち、点滅の点灯タイミングが同時になった場合には、この点灯時の消費電力は、各照明灯５の点灯時の消費電力の加算となり、非常に大きなものとなる。そのため、商業用交流電源１３も大きな容量のものが必要であり、さらに、キノコ栽培室３内の各照明灯５へ電力を供給する配線も電流容量の大きなものを使用する必要がある。   In the illuminating device 1 mentioned above, blinking of each LED4 of each illuminating lamp 5 connected to the control part 6 becomes a structure which turns on simultaneously and turns off simultaneously. Moreover, also in the illuminating device 20 demonstrated as the modification 3 of the illuminating device 1, blinking of each LED21 and 22 of each illuminating lamp 5 connected to the control part 6 becomes a structure which turns on simultaneously and turns off simultaneously. . Therefore, for example, when all the lighting lamps 5 installed in the mushroom cultivation room 3 are turned on simultaneously, that is, when the blinking lighting timings are turned on at the same time, the power consumption at the time of lighting is as follows. This is a very large addition of power consumption when is turned on. For this reason, the commercial AC power supply 13 needs to have a large capacity, and the wiring for supplying power to the lighting lamps 5 in the mushroom cultivation room 3 needs to have a large current capacity.

そこで、例えば、キノコ栽培室３内の栽培棚２を２つのグループに分け、点滅の点灯と消灯のデューティ比を５：５とし、各グループで点滅周期の位相が逆になるようにする。すなわち、一方のグループにおいて点灯状態にあるときは、他方のグループにおいては消灯状態になるように、各グループの照明灯５の点滅を制御部６により制御する。   Therefore, for example, the cultivation shelf 2 in the mushroom cultivation room 3 is divided into two groups, the duty ratio of blinking on and off is set to 5: 5, and the phase of the blinking cycle is reversed in each group. That is, when one group is in a lighting state, the controller 6 controls blinking of the illumination lamps 5 of each group so that the other group is in a light-off state.

このように点滅周期の位相をずらし、点滅の点灯時期を異ならせることで、ピーク電力（最大電力）をキノコ栽培室３内の照明灯５が全て同時に点灯した場合に比べて半分にすることができる。そのため、商業用交流電源１３の電力容量および配線の電流容量を小さなものとすることができる。   Thus, by shifting the phase of the blinking cycle and changing the blinking lighting timing, the peak power (maximum power) can be halved compared to the case where all the lighting lamps 5 in the mushroom cultivation room 3 are lit simultaneously. it can. Therefore, the power capacity of the commercial AC power supply 13 and the current capacity of the wiring can be reduced.

また、点滅の点灯と消灯のデューティ比を３：７とした場合には、キノコ栽培室３内の栽培棚２を３つのグループに分け、３つのグループの点滅周期の位相が重ならないように、すなわち、１のグループにおいて点灯状態にあるときは、他方の２グループにおいては消灯状態になるように、各グループの照明灯５の点滅を制御部６により制御する。このように点滅周期を制御することで、ピーク電力（最大電力）をキノコ栽培室３内の照明灯５が全て同時に点灯した場合に比べて１／３にすることができる。   In addition, when the duty ratio of blinking on and off is set to 3: 7, the cultivation shelf 2 in the mushroom cultivation room 3 is divided into three groups so that the phases of the blinking periods of the three groups do not overlap. That is, when the one group is in the lighting state, the controller 6 controls the blinking of the illumination lamps 5 of each group so that the other two groups are in the off state. By controlling the blinking cycle in this way, the peak power (maximum power) can be reduced to 1/3 compared to when all the lighting lamps 5 in the mushroom cultivation room 3 are lit simultaneously.

つまり、上記のことをまとめると、デューティ比に応じて、キノコ栽培室３内の照明灯５の点灯タイミングのグループ分けをし、各グループの点灯のタイミングが重ならないようにすることで、キノコ栽培室３内に設置される照明装置１，２０の消費電力のピーク電力（最大電力）を、キノコ栽培室３内の照明灯５が全て同時に点灯した場合に比べて小さくすることができる。点灯タイミングのグループ分けの数は、点滅の点灯と消灯のデューティ比がｍ：ｎのときは、最大で、（ｍ＋ｎ）／ｎの小数点以下切捨ての整数の数とする。   In other words, when the above is summarized, the lighting timings of the lighting lamps 5 in the mushroom cultivation room 3 are grouped according to the duty ratio so that the lighting timings of the respective groups do not overlap with each other. The peak power (maximum power) of the power consumption of the lighting devices 1 and 20 installed in the room 3 can be reduced as compared with the case where all the lighting lamps 5 in the mushroom cultivation room 3 are lit simultaneously. When the duty ratio of blinking on and off is m: n, the maximum number of lighting timings is an integer that is rounded down to the nearest decimal point of (m + n) / n.

例えば、上記のように、点滅の点灯と消灯のデューティ比が３：７である場合には、（３＋７）／３の整数値は３であるので、最大で３つのグループに分けることができる。つまり、点灯タイミングのグループ分けする数を、点滅の点灯と消灯のデューティ比ｍ：ｎに対して、（ｍ＋ｎ）／ｎの小数点以下切捨ての整数以下とすることで、点灯のタイミングが重ならないように、点滅タイミングを設定することができる。   For example, as described above, when the duty ratio of blinking on and off is 3: 7, since the integer value of (3 + 7) / 3 is 3, it can be divided into three groups at the maximum. That is, the number of lighting timings to be grouped is set to be equal to or less than the integer of (m + n) / n rounded down to the duty ratio m: n of blinking on and off so that the lighting timing does not overlap. In addition, the blinking timing can be set.

上述した照明装置１，２０の照明灯５は各栽培棚２に設置されているが、照明灯５をキノコ栽培室３の天井に設置するようにしてもよい。この場合には、キノコ栽培室３は天井の低い構造とし、照明灯５からの照明光が子実体原基あるいは子実体に十分届くようにすることが好ましい。   Although the illumination lamps 5 of the illumination devices 1 and 20 described above are installed on each cultivation shelf 2, the illumination lamps 5 may be installed on the ceiling of the mushroom cultivation room 3. In this case, it is preferable that the mushroom cultivation room 3 has a low ceiling structure so that the illumination light from the illuminating lamp 5 can sufficiently reach the fruit body base or the fruit body.

このように、キノコ栽培室３の天井に照明灯５を設置した場合にも、上述した照明装置１，２０の各制御方法を採用できる。例えば、照明灯５を点滅させたり、１／ｆ揺らぎで発光光量を変化させることにより、消費電力の低減を図りながら、子実体原基あるいは子実体に光刺激を与える際の消費電力を抑えながら子実体の茎の成長の抑制と傘の成長を効果的に図ることができる。   Thus, also when the illumination light 5 is installed in the ceiling of the mushroom cultivation room 3, each control method of the illuminating devices 1 and 20 mentioned above is employable. For example, while reducing the power consumption by blinking the illuminating lamp 5 or changing the amount of emitted light by 1 / f fluctuation, the power consumption at the time of applying light stimulus to the fruit body primitive or the fruit body is suppressed. It is possible to effectively suppress the growth of the stem of the fruit body and the growth of the umbrella.

また、デューティ比に応じて、キノコ栽培室３内の天井に設置された複数の照明灯５の点灯タイミングのグループ分けをし、各グループの点灯のタイミングが重ならないようにすることで、キノコ栽培室３内に設置される照明装置１，２０の消費電力のピーク電力（最大電力）を、キノコ栽培室３内の照明灯５が全て同時に点灯した場合に比べて小さくすることができる。   In addition, according to the duty ratio, the lighting timings of the plurality of lighting lamps 5 installed on the ceiling in the mushroom cultivation room 3 are grouped so that the lighting timings of the groups do not overlap, so that the mushroom cultivation The peak power (maximum power) of the power consumption of the lighting devices 1 and 20 installed in the room 3 can be reduced as compared with the case where all the lighting lamps 5 in the mushroom cultivation room 3 are lit simultaneously.

上述した照明装置１および照明装置２０は、子実体の生育時の照明用として説明したが、培養時あるいは芽出し時の各段階における照明用として使用することにより、各生育段階に必要な照明の消費電力を小さなものとすることができる。なお、ＬＥＤ４の発光色や照明時間については、各生育段階に適したものを適宜選択設定することとなる。   The lighting device 1 and the lighting device 20 described above have been described for lighting during growth of fruiting bodies. However, by using the lighting device for lighting at each stage during cultivation or germination, consumption of lighting necessary for each growing stage is achieved. Electric power can be made small. In addition, about the luminescent color and illumination time of LED4, the thing suitable for each growth stage will be selected and set suitably.

なお、管体８は円筒状を呈する例を示したが、この他に、例えば十字状、あるいは環状の筒体とし、照明灯５を十字状あるいは環状の形状としてもよい。   In addition, although the tubular body 8 showed the example which exhibits a cylindrical shape, it is good also as a cross shape or a cyclic | annular cylindrical body, for example, and the illumination lamp 5 is good also as a cross shape or a cyclic | annular shape.

本発明の実施の形態に係るキノコ栽培用照明装置の構成を示す構成図である。It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the illuminating device for mushroom cultivation which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 図１に示すキノコ栽培用照明装置が取り付けられる栽培棚の概略構成を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows schematic structure of the cultivation shelf to which the illuminating device for mushroom cultivation shown in FIG. 1 is attached. 図２に示す栽培棚が設置されているキノコ栽培室の概略構成を示す透視斜視図である。It is a see-through | perspective perspective view which shows schematic structure of the mushroom cultivation room in which the cultivation shelf shown in FIG. 2 is installed. 図１に示すキノコ栽培用照明装置の変形例の構成を示す構成図である。It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the modification of the illuminating device for mushroom cultivation shown in FIG.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１，２０ ・・・ キノコ栽培用照明装置
４ ・・・ 発光ダイオード
６ ・・・ 制御部（制御手段）
２１ ・・・ 白色発光ダイオード
２２ ・・・ 青色発光ダイオード DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,20 ... Lighting apparatus 4 for mushroom cultivation ... Light-emitting diode 6 ... Control part (control means)
21 ... White light emitting diode 22 ... Blue light emitting diode

Claims (8)

発光ダイオードと、
上記発光ダーオードを点滅させる制御手段と、
を備えることを特徴とするキノコ栽培用照明装置。 A light emitting diode;
Control means for blinking the light emitting diode;
A lighting device for cultivating mushrooms, comprising: 前記点滅は、点滅周期が１０Ｈｚから８０Ｈｚであり、点灯と消灯のデューティ比が１：９から７：３であることを特徴とする請求項１に記載のキノコ栽培用照明装置。   2. The lighting device for mushroom cultivation according to claim 1, wherein the blinking has a blinking cycle of 10 Hz to 80 Hz, and a duty ratio of lighting and extinguishing is 1: 9 to 7: 3. 前記点滅による発光は、１／ｆ揺らぎであることを特徴とする請求項１に記載のキノコ栽培用照明装置。   The lighting device for mushroom cultivation according to claim 1, wherein the light emission by the blinking is 1 / f fluctuation. 請求項１から３に記載のキノコ栽培用照明装置を少なくとも２つ有し、上記キノコ栽培用照明装置の内、少なくとも１つは、他の上記キノコ栽培用照明装置に対して、点滅の際の点灯時期が重ならないようにしたことを特徴とするキノコ栽培用照明装置。   It has at least two lighting devices for mushroom cultivation according to claims 1 to 3, and at least one of the lighting devices for mushroom cultivation is flashing with respect to the other lighting devices for mushroom cultivation. A lighting device for cultivating mushrooms, characterized in that the lighting periods do not overlap. 発光ダイオードと、
上記発光ダーオードの発光光量を１／ｆ揺らぎで変化させる制御手段と、
を備えることを特徴とするキノコ栽培用照明装置。 A light emitting diode;
Control means for changing the light emission amount of the light emitting diode by 1 / f fluctuation;
A lighting device for cultivating mushrooms, comprising: 前記発光ダイオードは、白色の発光ダイオードと青色の発光ダイオードを、２：８から８：２の光量比の割合で備えていることを特徴とする請求項１から５のいずれか１項に記載のキノコ栽培用照明装置。   6. The light emitting diode according to claim 1, wherein the light emitting diode includes a white light emitting diode and a blue light emitting diode at a ratio of a light amount ratio of 2: 8 to 8: 2. Lighting device for mushroom cultivation. キノコの子実体形成時に、子実体を発光ダイオードにより照明し、上記発光ダーオードを点滅させることを特徴とするキノコ栽培方法。   A mushroom cultivation method comprising illuminating a fruit body with a light-emitting diode and flashing the light-emitting diode when forming the fruit body of the mushroom. キノコの子実体形成時に、子実体を発光ダイオードにより照明し、上記発光ダーオードを、点滅による発光が１／ｆ揺らぎとなるように発光させることを特徴とするキノコ栽培方法。   A mushroom cultivation method comprising: illuminating a fruit body with a light emitting diode when forming the fruit body of the mushroom, and causing the light emitting diode to emit light such that light emission by blinking is 1 / f fluctuation.
JP2007148767A 2007-06-05 2007-06-05 Lighting equipment for mushroom cultivation, and mushroom cultivating method Pending JP2008301706A (en)

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KR101168747B1 (en) * 2011-12-26 2012-07-26 경기도 Cultivation methods of oyster mushroom with a high ergosterol content using light emitting diodes and the related systems
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130160356A1 (en) * 2011-12-22 2013-06-27 Chun-Che Hsieh Fungus cultivation device
KR101168747B1 (en) * 2011-12-26 2012-07-26 경기도 Cultivation methods of oyster mushroom with a high ergosterol content using light emitting diodes and the related systems
CN102668879A (en) * 2012-05-08 2012-09-19 东莞香市菌业科技有限公司 Method for applying LED (light-emitting diode) lamps in growth of enoki mushrooms
CN102668879B (en) * 2012-05-08 2013-07-03 东莞香市菌业科技有限公司 Method for applying LED (light-emitting diode) lamps in growth of enoki mushrooms
JP2015037396A (en) * 2013-08-19 2015-02-26 東海大学Ｔｕｎｇｈａｉ Ｕｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ Culturing method of antrodia cinnamomea
KR101566763B1 (en) 2013-11-19 2015-11-06 경기도 Method for cultivating oyster mushroom and light irradiation device for cultivating oyster mushroom
JP2015136222A (en) * 2014-01-16 2015-07-27 日本無線株式会社 Independent power supply system and control method therefor
CN104067853A (en) * 2014-06-16 2014-10-01 肇庆绿健农业科技有限公司 LED (Light-Emitting Diode) light-supplementing lamp for use in production of edible mushrooms
WO2016151656A1 (en) * 2015-03-20 2016-09-29 株式会社大地クリア Aromatic chlorine compound degradation agent, and method for degrading aromatic chlorine compound using same
JPWO2016151656A1 (en) * 2015-03-20 2018-01-11 株式会社大地クリア Aromatic chlorine compound decomposing agent and method for decomposing aromatic chlorine compound using the same
JP2020010632A (en) * 2018-07-17 2020-01-23 ネクストイノベーション株式会社 Crop culture method in solar sharing
CN113678685A (en) * 2021-09-15 2021-11-23 浙农科(武义)农业产业发展研究院有限公司 Method for reducing number of buds of shiitake mushrooms by utilizing light quality

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