JP2008297720A - Non-damage self-centering type base-isolation and seismic-control mechanism intended for steel bridge - Google Patents
Non-damage self-centering type base-isolation and seismic-control mechanism intended for steel bridge Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
本発明は鋼橋梁を対象とした無損傷自己復元型免震・制震機構に関する。 The present invention relates to an undamaged self-restoring type seismic isolation / damping mechanism for steel bridges.
橋脚などに用いられる鋼製門型骨組構造ではエネルギ吸収能に優れた耐震構造を用いるのが一般的であるが、近年、本体構造への損傷を極力防止するために非特許文献1の座屈拘束ブレースやシャパネルなどの経済的な履歴ダンパーを用いた制震構造の適用が検討されている（図１）。このような構造では本体構造への損傷は減少するものの、門型骨組のせん断剛性の上昇による柱基部反力の増加や履歴ダンパーの塑性化による残留変位発生の恐れが考えられる。また、門型ラーメンの自由空間を占有するとういう問題もある。 In steel gate-type frame structures used for bridge piers and the like, it is common to use earthquake-resistant structures with excellent energy absorption capability, but in recent years, the buckling of Non-Patent Document 1 has been carried out to prevent damage to the main body structure as much as possible. Application of seismic control structures using economical hysteretic dampers such as restrained braces and shear panels is being studied (Fig. 1). In such a structure, although the damage to the main body structure is reduced, there is a possibility that an increase in the reaction force of the column base due to an increase in the shear rigidity of the portal frame and a residual displacement due to plasticization of the hysteresis damper. There is also the problem of occupying the free space of the portal ramen.
剛結骨組構造における柱と基礎ならびに柱と梁の接合部での地震時における曲げモーメントの増加を抑えるためにはアンカー部や隅角部での柱の固定度を小さくした非特許文献2のいわゆる半剛結構造(Semi-rigid connection)（図２）とすることにより免震性を付与することが考えられる。しかしながら、このような構造の場合、柱への損傷は低減できるが、接合部への損傷の集中や地震後の残留変位の増加の可能性がある。この問題に対処するため、建築の多層多径間骨組においては自己復元（self-centering）機能を持ついわゆるPTED接合（Post-Tensioned Energy Dissipating Connection）（図３）を梁と柱の接合部に用いることが非特許文献3で提案されている。PTED接合は梁と柱を梁の軸方向に配置したPC鋼棒により圧縮軸力を導入することで接合し、さらに接合部に軸降伏型の金属ダンパーをはりの上下部に水平に配置し梁と柱を結合したものである。しかしながら、この構造をラーメン橋脚として適用例の多い門型骨組にそのまま適用した場合、PTED接合は2箇所の隅角部のみの配置となることと、柱基部が剛結されているので隅角部での相対回転が小さいことにより、接合部でのエネルギ吸収を有効に行うことができないという問題点がある。さらに、建築骨組と異なり梁上に上部構造の大きな死荷重が作用するので、PTED接合として相対回転を許容しつつ、大きな梁反力を柱に確実に伝達する支持構造を柱の内側フランジ面に設置することは容易でない。
上記従来の免震・制震機構は、つぎのようなa)乃至e)の問題点を有していた。
a) 座屈拘束ブレースやシヤパネルなどの制震構造では地震後の残留変位が生じる可能性がある。
b) 座屈拘束ブレースやシヤパネルなどの制震構造では桁下の自由空間を占有する。
c) アンカー部や隅角部での柱の固定度を小さくしたいわゆる半剛結構造では接合部への損傷の集中や地震後の残留変位の増加の可能性がある。
d) 建築の多層多径間骨組において提案されている自己復元機能を持つPTED接合をラーメン橋脚に適用した場合、柱基部が剛結されているので隅角部での相対回転が小さいことにより、接合部でのエネルギ吸収を有効に行うことができない。
e) ラーメン橋脚では建築骨組と異なり梁上に上部構造の大きな死荷重が作用するので、PTED接合として相対回転を許容しつつ、大きな梁反力を柱に確実に伝達する支持構造を柱の内側フランジ面に設置することは容易でない。
The conventional seismic isolation / seismic control mechanism has the following problems a) to e).
a) Residual displacement after an earthquake may occur in damping structures such as buckling-restrained braces and shear panels.
b) Damping structures such as buckling-restrained braces and shear panels occupy free space under the girders.
c) In the so-called semi-rigid structure where the anchorage at the anchors and corners is reduced, there is a possibility that the damage to the joints will be concentrated and the residual displacement after the earthquake will increase.
d) When the PTED joint with self-restoration function proposed for multi-story multi-span frames of architecture is applied to the ramen pier, the column base is rigidly connected, so the relative rotation at the corner is small, Energy absorption at the joint cannot be performed effectively.
e) Unlike a framework, a large dead load of the superstructure acts on the beam on the ramen pier, so a support structure that reliably transmits a large beam reaction force to the column while allowing relative rotation as a PTED joint is provided inside the column. It is not easy to install on the flange surface.
本発明は、上記従来の問題点を解決した免震・制震機構を提供することを解決すべき課題としている。 This invention makes it the subject which should be solved to provide the seismic isolation and damping mechanism which solved the said conventional problem.
本発明の免震・制震機構は、
a) 柱の軸線方向に配置したPC鋼棒に導入する初期張力とともに上部構造の自重により地震後のダンパーの残留変形を防止し、構造全体の残留変形をほとんどゼロにすること、
b) 梁を柱頂部で支え、大きな梁反力を柱に確実に伝達する支持構造であること、
c) 柱と梁の接合部に柱の軸線方向に配置した履歴型ダンパーによりエネルギ吸収を図り、損傷をこの取り替え可能なダンパー部分に限定すること、
を特徴とする。
The seismic isolation / damping mechanism of the present invention is
a) Prevent the residual deformation of the damper after the earthquake by the self-weight of the superstructure together with the initial tension introduced into the PC steel rod arranged in the axial direction of the column, and make the residual deformation of the whole structure almost zero,
b) A support structure that supports the beam at the top of the column and reliably transmits a large beam reaction force to the column.
c) Absorb energy with a hysteretic damper placed in the axial direction of the column at the junction between the column and the beam, and limit the damage to this replaceable damper part;
It is characterized by.
したがって、本発明の免震・制震機構によれば、従来よりもより経済的かつ容易に極大地震下の構造物の損傷を抑え，早期の復旧を行うことができる用意にｙ。 Therefore, according to the seismic isolation / seismic control mechanism of the present invention, it is possible to suppress damage to a structure under a maximum earthquake more easily and more economically than before and to prepare for early restoration.
以下、本発明を具体化した実施例を図面を参照しつつ説明する。 DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments embodying the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
図４は、本発明の免震・制震機構を門型ラーメン橋脚へ適用した例である。
この図に示されているように
1) 柱頂部に梁両端を設置し、柱の軸線方向に配置したＰＣ鋼棒にプレストレスを導入することにより柱を梁ならびに基礎と締結する。
2) 相対回転の生じる接合部において相対回転量を制御するとともに地震時の運動エネルギの吸収を行うために軸降伏型の金属ダンパーを設置する。ダンパーは曲げモーメントに抵抗するように各接合部の柱の上下フランジ近傍の２箇所において鉛直方向に配置し、柱と梁あるいは柱と基礎とを結合している。このダンパーはレベル２地震動で引張り力による塑性化が生じるが、ＰＣ鋼棒のプレストレスによる圧縮力で再降伏し消滅するようになっている。
これらにより、
前記1)により、水平方向の地震動に対して柱と梁ならびに柱と基礎の接合部で相対回転が生じる半剛結の免震構造となるとともに自己復元構造となり、
前記2)記載の金属ダンパーのみに塑性化が集中し、これによってエネルギ吸収を図り、
また、地震後に塑性化したダンパーを交換することで容易に復旧作業を行うことができる。
そして、次のような効果が得られる。
a) 鉛直方向に導入した柱とはりのＰＴＥＤ接合に加え、柱基部のＰＴＥＤ接合により、各接合部での相対回転が大きくなる上に、４箇所にＰＴＥＤ接合が配置されているのでより効果的な免震とエネルギ吸収機能が期待される。
b) 金属ダンパーが柱基部の鉛直方向に配置されているので、アスペクト比が大きく負反力が生ずる場合にもロッキング型の免震・制震構造としても機能できる。
c) 金属ダンパーに塑性伸びが生じた場合も上部構造の死荷重がＰＣ鋼棒のプレストレスとともに自己復元機能にプラスに作用するので、水平方向に配置した場合に較べ、柱へのプレストレスは小さくてすむ。
d) 梁は柱の頂部面で支持されるので、複雑な支持構造が必要でなくなる。
e) き裂発生につながる隅角部での応力集中やひずみ集中が生じない。
また、ラーメン橋脚以外の他の構造への実施形態として，図５は、本発明の免震・制震機構を上路式鋼アーチ橋へ適用した例であり、図６は、本発明の免震・制震機構を単柱式橋脚へ適用した例である。
FIG. 4 shows an example in which the seismic isolation / seismic control mechanism of the present invention is applied to a portal ramen pier.
As shown in this figure
1) Both ends of the beam are installed at the top of the column, and the column is fastened to the beam and foundation by introducing prestress into the PC steel rods arranged in the axial direction of the column.
2) Install a shaft-yield type metal damper to control the amount of relative rotation at the joint where relative rotation occurs and to absorb kinetic energy during an earthquake. The dampers are arranged vertically in two locations near the upper and lower flanges of the columns of each joint so as to resist the bending moment, and connect the columns and beams or the columns and foundations. This damper is plasticized by a tensile force due to Level 2 earthquake motion, but is re-yielded by the compressive force due to the prestress of the PC steel rod and disappears.
With these,
By the above 1), it becomes a semi-rigid seismic isolation structure in which relative rotation occurs at the joint between the column and beam and the column and foundation with respect to horizontal ground motion, and a self-restoring structure,
Plasticization concentrates only on the metal damper described in 2) above, thereby achieving energy absorption,
Moreover, the restoration work can be easily performed by replacing the plasticized damper after the earthquake.
The following effects can be obtained.
a) In addition to the column-to-beam PTED bonding introduced in the vertical direction, the PED bonding at the column base increases relative rotation at each bonding portion, and more effective because four PTED bondings are arranged. Expected to have a seismic isolation and energy absorption function.
b) Since the metal damper is arranged in the vertical direction of the column base, it can function as a rocking-type seismic isolation / damping structure even when the aspect ratio is large and negative reaction force is generated.
c) When plastic elongation occurs in the metal damper, the dead load of the superstructure works positively on the self-restoration function together with the prestress of the PC steel rod, so the prestress on the column is less than when placed horizontally. It's small.
d) Since the beam is supported on the top surface of the column, no complicated support structure is required.
e) No stress concentration or strain concentration at the corners leading to crack initiation.
FIG. 5 shows an example in which the seismic isolation / seismic control mechanism of the present invention is applied to an upper steel arch bridge, and FIG. 6 shows the seismic isolation of the present invention.・ This is an example in which the seismic control mechanism is applied to a single-column pier.
本発明の免震・制震機構は橋脚等の構造物に利用可能である。 The seismic isolation / seismic control mechanism of the present invention can be used for structures such as piers.
Claims (1)
b) 梁を柱頂部で支え、大きな梁反力を柱に確実に伝達する支持構造であること、
c) 柱と梁の接合部に柱の軸線方向に配置した履歴型ダンパーによりエネルギ吸収を図り、損傷をこの取り替え可能なダンパー部分に限定すること、
を特徴とする免震・制震機構。 a) Prevent the residual deformation of the damper after the earthquake by the self-weight of the superstructure together with the initial tension introduced into the PC steel rod arranged in the axial direction of the column, and make the residual deformation of the whole structure almost zero,
b) A support structure that supports the beam at the top of the column and reliably transmits a large beam reaction force to the column.
c) Absorb energy with a hysteretic damper placed in the axial direction of the column at the junction between the column and the beam, and limit the damage to this replaceable damper part;
A seismic isolation and vibration control mechanism.
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011214391A (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2011-10-27 | Nagoya Institute Of Technology | Self-centering dumper unit |
| CN102409606A (en) * | 2011-07-29 | 2012-04-11 | 清华大学 | Self-resetting pier column structural system with built-in energy dissipation assembly and implementing method for self-resetting piper column structural system |
| CN103088918A (en) * | 2013-02-05 | 2013-05-08 | 北京建筑工程学院 | Novel prefabricate prestressed steel frame girder-column pitch point with post-earthquake self-reset function |
| CN104612036A (en) * | 2015-01-22 | 2015-05-13 | 宁波大学 | Unbonded post-tensioning prestress concrete-filled double-wall steel pipe prefabricated assembly piers with additional dampers |
| CN105887665A (en) * | 2016-04-12 | 2016-08-24 | 东南大学 | Self-restoring rolling swinging shake-isolation bridge pier |
| CN107059599A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-08-18 | 北京市市政工程设计研究总院有限公司 | Antidetonation without bearing Self-resetting, damping cast-in-situ bridge |
| CN108677690A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-10-19 | 北京工业大学 | Energy dissipating Self-resetting bilayer rectangle hollow concrete filled steel tube waves Bridge Pier Structure System |
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| CN110318479A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-10-11 | 海南大学 | A kind of Self-resetting suspension column structure and its construction method |
| CN112030725A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-12-04 | 上海应用技术大学 | Self-resetting bridge pier column structure system with built-in grading energy consumption device and construction method |
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| JP2021123977A (en) * | 2020-02-07 | 2021-08-30 | 日立Astemo株式会社 | Vibration damping device and vibration damping structure |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2011214391A (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2011-10-27 | Nagoya Institute Of Technology | Self-centering dumper unit |
| CN102409606A (en) * | 2011-07-29 | 2012-04-11 | 清华大学 | Self-resetting pier column structural system with built-in energy dissipation assembly and implementing method for self-resetting piper column structural system |
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| CN103088918A (en) * | 2013-02-05 | 2013-05-08 | 北京建筑工程学院 | Novel prefabricate prestressed steel frame girder-column pitch point with post-earthquake self-reset function |
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| CN104612036A (en) * | 2015-01-22 | 2015-05-13 | 宁波大学 | Unbonded post-tensioning prestress concrete-filled double-wall steel pipe prefabricated assembly piers with additional dampers |
| CN105887665A (en) * | 2016-04-12 | 2016-08-24 | 东南大学 | Self-restoring rolling swinging shake-isolation bridge pier |
| CN107059599B (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2019-01-08 | 北京市市政工程设计研究总院有限公司 | Antidetonation, damping cast-in-situ bridge without support Self-resetting |
| CN107059599A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-08-18 | 北京市市政工程设计研究总院有限公司 | Antidetonation without bearing Self-resetting, damping cast-in-situ bridge |
| CN108677690A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-10-19 | 北京工业大学 | Energy dissipating Self-resetting bilayer rectangle hollow concrete filled steel tube waves Bridge Pier Structure System |
| CN108677690B (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2019-09-27 | 北京工业大学 | Energy dissipating Self-resetting bilayer rectangle hollow concrete filled steel tube waves Bridge Pier Structure System |
| CN110206183A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-09-06 | 海南大学 | A kind of assembled Self-resetting X-type metal damper |
| CN110318479A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-10-11 | 海南大学 | A kind of Self-resetting suspension column structure and its construction method |
| JP2021123977A (en) * | 2020-02-07 | 2021-08-30 | 日立Astemo株式会社 | Vibration damping device and vibration damping structure |
| WO2021261653A1 (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2021-12-30 | 대영스틸산업주식회사 | Rahmen bridge and rahmen bridge constructing method |
| CN112030725A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-12-04 | 上海应用技术大学 | Self-resetting bridge pier column structure system with built-in grading energy consumption device and construction method |
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| CN112030725B (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2021-09-07 | 上海应用技术大学 | Self-resetting bridge pier column structure system with built-in grading energy consumption device and construction method |
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