JP2008017836A - Cereal flour containing raw germ powder and used for baked confectionery, and baked confectionery by using the same - Google Patents

Cereal flour containing raw germ powder and used for baked confectionery, and baked confectionery by using the same Download PDF

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JP2008017836A
JP2008017836A JP2007130566A JP2007130566A JP2008017836A JP 2008017836 A JP2008017836 A JP 2008017836A JP 2007130566 A JP2007130566 A JP 2007130566A JP 2007130566 A JP2007130566 A JP 2007130566A JP 2008017836 A JP2008017836 A JP 2008017836A
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flour
mass
germ
baked confectionery
raw
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JP4707694B2 (en
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Yoshikazu Ishihara
義和 石原
Koji Deguchi
浩二 出口
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NIPPN Corp
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Nippon Flour Mills Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide cereal flour for producing a baked confectionery excellent in flavor and palate feeling, and the baked confectionery by using the same. <P>SOLUTION: This cereal flour for the baked confectionery contains 1.0 to 5.0 mass% raw germ powder in the cereal flour and has ≤1.00 mass% ash content in the cereal flour. The wheat flour for the baked confectionery contains 1.0 to 5.0 mass% raw germ powder in the wheat flour and has ≤1.00 mass% ash content in the wheat flour. The baked confectionery produced by using the cereal flour or wheat flour is also provided. The baked confectionery has an excellent preservation property in spite of containing the germ. The baked confectionery is provided by having an excellent flavor and eat feeling, rich in vitamin B group, vitamin E, inorganic materials, essential fatty acids, etc., and having a high nutrition value. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、生胚芽粉末を含む焼き菓子用穀粉及びこれを使用した焼き菓子に関する。   The present invention relates to flour for baked confectionery containing raw germ powder and baked confectionery using the same.

小麦粉は、元来石臼などで製粉して、ふすま(小麦の皮部)が多く混入したものが使われてきた。
しかし、製粉用ロール機やピュリファイヤの発明、製粉機器の加工精度の上昇、製粉ソフトウエア(機械の組み合わせ方法など)の発達により、小麦粉製造技術はここ数十年で長足の進歩を遂げ、生産される小麦粉のグレード(ふすまなどの混入率の低さ)も著しく上昇した。
その傾向は、欧米諸国などよりも日本の方が著しい。
小麦粉のグレードの上昇は、菓子やパンなどの加工製品の色調を良くすること、ふすまや胚芽の混入を抑えて加工性を良くすること、ふすまに由来するにが味などを押さえることを目的としている。
小麦には炭水化物、たん白質、脂質、無機質、ビタミン類、食物繊維などの栄養素が含まれる。
そのうち、食物繊維や無機質はふすま中に多く、穀粉中には少量しか含まれないので、それらの増量のために食品にふすまを加えることがある。
また、脂質(特に必須脂肪酸を多く含むもの)、ビタミン類(ビタミンB群とビタミンE)は胚芽中に偏在しているので、それらの栄養成分を増量するために、食品に胚芽を加えることがある。
ベーカリー製品に利用される胚芽は、焙煎処理したものがほとんどである(例えば特許文献1参照)。
焙煎以外には、乳酸菌で醗酵させる方法も知られている(例えば特許文献2参照)。
しかし、胚芽中のグルタチオンが生地性を悪化させるため(例えば非特許文献1参照)、従来、焙煎等の処理を行っていない胚芽をベーカリー製品に加えることはなかった。
ベーカリー製品以外では、乳飲料などへの胚芽の添加が知られているが、そのような場合にも、焙煎した胚芽を使用している(例えば特許文献3参照)。
Wheat flour was originally milled with a stone mill and mixed with a lot of bran (the wheat skin).
However, with the invention of milling machines and purifiers, increased processing accuracy of milling equipment, and the development of milling software (such as machine combination methods), flour production technology has made great strides in recent decades, producing The grade of wheat flour (low mixing rate of bran, etc.) also increased significantly.
This tendency is more remarkable in Japan than in Western countries.
The purpose of increasing the grade of flour is to improve the color tone of processed products such as confectionery and bread, to improve the processability by suppressing the mixing of bran and germ, and to suppress the taste etc. derived from the bran Yes.
Wheat contains nutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, minerals, vitamins and dietary fiber.
Among them, dietary fiber and minerals are abundant in bran, and only a small amount is contained in flour. Therefore, bran may be added to foods to increase their amount.
In addition, lipids (especially those that contain a lot of essential fatty acids) and vitamins (vitamin B group and vitamin E) are unevenly distributed in the germ, so to increase their nutrient content, it is possible to add germ to food. is there.
Most germs used in bakery products are roasted (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
In addition to roasting, a method of fermenting with lactic acid bacteria is also known (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
However, since glutathione in the germ deteriorates the dough quality (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1), conventionally, germ that has not been subjected to processing such as roasting has not been added to the bakery product.
In addition to bakery products, it is known to add germs to milk beverages and the like, but even in such cases, roasted germs are used (see, for example, Patent Document 3).

小麦胚芽は、小麦粉製粉ライン中で、ロール機での処理によるサイズ変化を利用して採取される。
一定の粒度をもつ小麦胚乳、小麦胚芽、小麦ふすまの混合物をロール機にかけると、胚乳は砕かれて粉状となるが、ふすまはロール機でほとんど砕けないため、サイズの変化はない。
胚芽は柔らかいので、ロールにより押しつぶされてフレーク状になり、サイズは元の粒子よりも大きくなる。
したがって、ロール機の処理後に、元の粒子よりも粗い目開きの篩いを通すことで、胚芽を回収することができる。
小麦胚芽はこのような方法で製造されており、粒径は1mm前後が多く、細かくても500〜800μm程度である。
生の小麦胚芽は、粉砕することが困難なので、前記のとおり生の胚芽粉末を食品に添加することはなかった。
Wheat germ is collected in a flour milling line using the size change due to processing in a roll machine.
When a mixture of wheat endosperm, wheat germ and wheat bran having a certain particle size is put on a roll machine, the endosperm is crushed into a powder form, but the bran hardly breaks on the roll machine, so there is no change in size.
Since the embryo is soft, it is crushed by a roll to form a flake, and the size is larger than the original particle.
Therefore, the embryo can be recovered by passing through a sieve having a coarser opening than the original particles after the roll machine.
Wheat germ is manufactured by such a method, and the particle size is often around 1 mm, and even if it is fine, it is about 500 to 800 μm.
Since raw wheat germ is difficult to grind, as described above, raw germ powder was not added to food.

小麦粉加工品(例えば焼き菓子)の風味の改良には、何らかの風味を持つ素材(例えばフルーツ、ハーブ、スパイス)などを配合する方法、香料などの添加物を使用する方法、生地もしくは原材料の一部を酵母や乳酸菌などで発酵させる方法(例えば特許文献4参照)、原材料の一部を焙煎して風味を付ける方法(例えば特許文献5参照)などが知られている。   To improve the flavor of processed flour products (for example, baked confectionery), add ingredients with some flavor (for example, fruits, herbs, spices), use fragrances and other additives, dough or part of raw materials There are known a method of fermenting the yeast with yeast or lactic acid bacteria (for example, see Patent Document 4), a method for roasting a part of the raw material and adding flavor (for example, see Patent Document 5), and the like.

一方、小麦粉を使用して製造する焼き菓子の食感の改良には、油脂や乳化剤を添加する方法、デキストリン還元物を添加する方法(例えば特許文献6参照)、セルラーゼを添加する方法(例えば特許文献7参照)、麹や酵母を添加する方法(例えば特許文献8参照)などが知られている。   On the other hand, for improving the texture of baked confectionery manufactured using wheat flour, a method of adding fats and oils, an emulsifier, a method of adding a dextrin reduction product (for example, see Patent Document 6), a method of adding cellulase (for example, a patent) Document 7), a method of adding koji or yeast (for example, see Patent Document 8), and the like are known.

特開2000−350560号公報JP 2000-350560 A 特表平10−508477号公報Japanese National Patent Publication No. 10-508477 特開昭59−232047号公報JP 59-232047 特開2004−357631号公報JP 20043575761 A 特開2005−229832号公報JP 2005-229832 A 特開2001−321084号公報JP 2001-321084 A 特開2005−304441号公報JP-A-2005-304441 特開2002−125577号公報JP 2002-1255577 A 「小麦英和用語集」、日本麦類研究会、昭和57年"Wheat English-Japanese Glossary", Japan Wheat Research Society, 1982

本発明の目的は、風味と食感に優れる焼き菓子を製造するための穀粉及び前記穀粉を使用した焼き菓子を提供することである。   The objective of this invention is providing the flour for manufacturing the baked confectionery which is excellent in flavor and texture, and the baked confectionery using the said flour.

本発明者らは上記の目的を達成するために鋭意研究を重ねた結果、粉末状に加工した生胚芽(以下、「生胚芽粉末」ともいう)を穀粉中に1.0〜5.0質量%含み前記穀粉の灰分が1.00質量%以下である穀粉を使用した焼き菓子は食感および風味が著しく改良されることを見出し本発明を完成するに至った。
従って、本発明は、生胚芽粉末を穀粉中1.0〜5.0質量%含み、前記穀粉の灰分が1.00質量%以下である焼き菓子用穀粉、生胚芽粉末を小麦粉中1.0〜5.0質量%含み、前記小麦粉の灰分が1.00質量%以下である焼き菓子用小麦粉及び前記穀粉又は前記小麦粉を使用して製造した焼き菓子である。
As a result of intensive studies to achieve the above object, the present inventors have obtained 1.0 to 5.0 mass of raw germ processed into powder (hereinafter also referred to as “live embryo powder”) in flour. The baked confectionery using the flour containing the ash content of not less than 1.00% by mass and found that the texture and flavor are remarkably improved and the present invention has been completed.
Therefore, the present invention includes 1.0 to 5.0% by mass of raw germ powder in flour, and the flour for baked confectionery having an ash content of 1.00% by mass or less, and 1.0% of raw germ powder in wheat flour. It is baked confectionery manufactured using the flour for baked confectionery which contains -5.0 mass%, and the ash content of the said flour is 1.00 mass% or less, and the said flour or the said flour.

本発明の焼き菓子用穀粉及び焼き菓子用小麦粉は胚芽を含んでいるにもかかわらず優れた保存性を有する。
本発明の焼き菓子用穀粉及び焼き菓子用小麦粉を使用した焼き菓子は優れた風味と食感を有し、ビタミンB群、ビタミンE、無機質、必須脂肪酸などに富み、栄養価も高い。
Although the flour for baked confectionery and the flour for baked confectionery of the present invention contain germs, they have excellent storage stability.
The baked confectionery using the flour for baked confectionery and the wheat flour for baked confectionery of the present invention has an excellent flavor and texture, is rich in vitamin B group, vitamin E, minerals, essential fatty acids and the like, and has a high nutritional value.

以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。
焼き菓子を製造する主原料として、小麦粉単独又は小麦粉と小麦粉以外の穀粉や澱粉、バイタルグルテンを混合して使用する場合があり、小麦粉に添加する小麦粉以外の穀粉や澱粉、バイタルグルテンは焼き菓子の食感や風味を改良することを目的としている。
本発明の穀粉とは、小麦粉単独又は小麦粉と小麦粉以外の穀粉や澱粉、バイタルグルテンを混合したものをいう。
本発明で使用できる小麦粉には薄力小麦粉、中力小麦粉、強力小麦粉、デュラムフラワー、デュラムセモリナ、およびそれらを混合したものを含む。
焼き菓子には薄力小麦粉を使う場合が多いが、製造する焼き菓子の種類や食感上の特徴を出すなどの目的で、中力小麦粉、強力小麦粉、デュラムフラワーを使用するか、又はそれらを薄力小麦粉に混合して利用する場合があり、さらにはデュラムセモリナを混合して使用する場合もある。
本発明で使用できる小麦粉以外の穀粉は、焼き菓子用に使用できる穀粉であれば特に限定されず、例えば、そば粉、ライ麦粉、大麦粉、米粉、トウモロコシ粉、ソルガム粉、黍粉、ハトムギ粉、稗粉、粟粉又はオーツ粉末等を使用することができる。
本発明で使用できる澱粉としては、焼き菓子用に使用できる澱粉であれば特に限定されず、小麦澱粉、トウモロコシ澱粉、モチ種トウモロコシ澱粉、馬鈴薯澱粉、タピオカ澱粉、うるち米澱粉、もち米澱粉、さつまいも澱粉、小豆澱粉、緑豆澱粉、さご澱粉、くず澱粉、どんぐり澱粉、片栗澱粉等の生澱粉や、これらをアルファ化、部分アルファ化、エーテル化、エステル化、架橋、酸化、クラスレート化などの処理をした加工澱粉も使用することができる。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
As a main ingredient for producing baked confectionery, flour alone or flour and starch other than wheat flour and starch, and vital gluten may be used in combination. Flour and starch other than flour added to flour, and vital gluten are baked confectionery. The purpose is to improve the texture and flavor.
The flour of the present invention refers to flour alone or a mixture of flour and flour other than wheat flour, starch, and vital gluten.
Wheat flour that can be used in the present invention includes thin flour, medium flour, strong flour, durum flour, durum semolina, and mixtures thereof.
In many cases, baked confectionery uses thin wheat flour, but for the purpose of producing the type of baked confectionery to be produced and the texture characteristics, use medium flour, strong flour, durum flour, or use them. In some cases, it is used in a mixture with thin wheat flour, and in some cases, durum semolina is used in combination.
Flour other than wheat flour that can be used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is flour that can be used for baked confectionery. For example, buckwheat flour, rye flour, barley flour, rice flour, corn flour, sorghum flour, rice flour flour, and barley flour , Powder, powder or oat powder can be used.
The starch that can be used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a starch that can be used for baked goods. Wheat starch, corn starch, waxy corn starch, potato starch, tapioca starch, glutinous rice starch, glutinous rice starch, sweet potato starch , Raw starch such as red bean starch, mung bean starch, sago starch, scrap starch, acorn starch, starch starch, etc., and processing such as pregelatinization, partial pregelatinization, etherification, esterification, crosslinking, oxidation, clathrate formation, etc. Modified processed starch can also be used.

本発明の生胚芽粉末とは、焙煎等の非酵素的褐変化反応をともなう加熱をしていない穀物の胚芽を粉末状に加工したものをいう。
小麦粉製粉工程とは別の粉砕機で胚芽粉末を製造して添加する場合、使用する胚芽には、搾油した残りの脱脂胚芽も焙煎等の加熱をしていない場合に限り使用可能である。
本発明において、焙煎等の加熱をした胚芽は、焼き菓子の改良に難点があるので使用できない。
本発明に使用できる穀物の胚芽としては、小麦胚芽、とうもろこし胚芽、ライ麦胚芽などが挙げられる。
植物の種類が異なると胚芽の成分組成も異なるため、焼き菓子に使用したときに生成される香りは胚芽によって異なったものとなる。
このことを利用して、求める風味により胚芽を使い分けることが可能となる。
例えば、とうもろこし胚芽の粉末を使用すると、焼きとうもろこしのような風味を付与することができる。
The raw germ powder of the present invention refers to a powdered cereal germ that has not been heated with a non-enzymatic browning reaction such as roasting.
When the germ powder is produced and added by a grinder different from the flour milling step, the remaining defatted germ that has been squeezed can be used for the germ to be used only when it is not heated, such as roasting.
In the present invention, embryos heated by roasting or the like cannot be used because there are difficulties in improving baked goods.
Examples of grain germs that can be used in the present invention include wheat germ, corn germ, and rye germ.
Different plant types have different germ composition, so the scent produced when used in baked goods varies depending on the germ.
By utilizing this fact, it becomes possible to use different germs according to the desired flavor.
For example, when corn germ powder is used, a flavor like baked corn can be imparted.

生胚芽粉末の小麦粉への添加方法としては、小麦粉製粉工程中で胚乳とともに粉砕して、小麦粉に混ざった形で採取する方法(例えば石臼で製粉する)や小麦粉製粉工程とは別の粉砕機で粉砕した生胚芽粉末を小麦粉に添加する方法がある。
広く行われているロール式製粉では生胚芽の粉砕が困難である。
製粉の工程で生胚芽の粉砕が困難な場合には、別途粉砕した生胚芽粉末を小麦粉に添加する方法を採ることになる。
前記した2つの方法で生胚芽粉末を添加した小麦粉は、粉末状の生胚芽が混入しているという点では同一であり、生胚芽粉末の添加方法は焼き菓子の加工性や品質に影響を及ぼさない。
従って、本発明では小麦粉に生胚芽粉末を加えるための方法は、前記したいずれの方法も使用できる。
As a method of adding raw germ powder to wheat flour, it is pulverized with endosperm in the flour milling process and collected in a form mixed with wheat flour (for example, milled with a stone mill) or by a grinder different from the flour milling process. There is a method of adding ground raw germ powder to wheat flour.
It is difficult to pulverize live germs by roll milling that is widely used.
When it is difficult to pulverize the raw germ during the milling process, a method of adding the separately pulverized raw embryo powder to the wheat flour is employed.
The flour added with the raw germ powder by the above two methods is the same in that the raw germ powder is mixed, and the method of adding the raw germ powder has an effect on the processability and quality of the baked confectionery. Absent.
Therefore, in the present invention, any of the methods described above can be used as a method for adding raw germ powder to wheat flour.

焙煎胚芽はビタミン類などの栄養素の増量を目的として食品に添加されるが、保存による油脂の劣化を起こし易い(焙煎時に発生したフリーラジカルが連鎖反応を引き起こすためと推定される)ので、小麦粉に添加するという用途に適しているとはいえない。
焙煎胚芽は酸化を抑える目的で酸化防止剤を入れた密封パッケージで販売されているが、小麦粉はエージング(空気中の酸素による酸化により、グルテン蛋白の性状が改善されること)をとるために通気性の紙袋で包装される。
そのため、小麦粉と焙煎胚芽の双方に適した包装形態は存在せず長期保存が困難であった。
Roasted germ is added to foods for the purpose of increasing nutrients such as vitamins, but it tends to cause fat and oil deterioration due to storage (it is assumed that free radicals generated during roasting cause chain reactions) It cannot be said that it is suitable for use in addition to flour.
Roasted germs are sold in sealed packages with antioxidants to suppress oxidation, but wheat flour is used for aging (the property of gluten protein is improved by oxidation with oxygen in the air). Packaged in a breathable paper bag.
Therefore, there is no packaging form suitable for both wheat flour and roasted germs, and long-term storage is difficult.

生の胚芽を添加した場合には、非酵素的褐変化反応に使われなかったアミノ酸などが食品に甘味や旨味を与えるが、焙煎胚芽を使用した場合には、胚芽由来のアミノ酸はほとんど残らない。
したがって、焙煎胚芽を使用した焼き菓子は、ロースト臭は強くても、焦げ臭を伴う不快な香りとなり、味も甘味や旨味が失われて薄っぺらなものとなってしまう。
そのような理由により、焙煎胚芽を粉末状にして小麦粉に添加しても、本発明の課題は達成できない。
When raw germ is added, amino acids that are not used in the non-enzymatic browning reaction add sweetness and umami to the food. However, when roasted germ is used, almost no amino acids derived from the germ remain. Absent.
Therefore, the baked confectionery using roasted germ has an unpleasant scent accompanied by a burnt odor even if the roasted odor is strong, and the taste is lost due to the loss of sweetness and umami.
For these reasons, even if roasted germ is powdered and added to wheat flour, the problem of the present invention cannot be achieved.

生の胚芽は各種酵素やグルタチオンを含んでおり、保存中に成分(特に油脂)が分解されたり、生地に加えたときにグルテンの弱化やべたつきを生じたりする。
しかし、粉末状にして小麦粉に添加すると、生地性の悪化が少なくなる。
表面積を大きくすると、前記の成分の一部が(おそらく空気中の酸素により酸化されることで)破壊されるためと推定される。
生胚芽は、胚芽油を採取した残りの脱脂胚芽も、焙煎していない場合に限り使用可能である。
胚芽油の抽出により、脂溶性のビタミン類や、一部のアミノ酸が失われるという欠点はあるため、搾油前の胚芽と比較すると効果はやや落ちるが、糖やアミノ酸は残っているため使用可能である。
Raw germ contains various enzymes and glutathione, and components (especially oils and fats) are decomposed during storage, and when added to dough, gluten is weakened and sticky.
However, when powdered and added to wheat flour, deterioration of dough properties is reduced.
It is estimated that increasing the surface area destroys some of the components (possibly due to oxidation by oxygen in the air).
The raw germ can be used only when the remaining defatted germ from which the germ oil is collected is not roasted.
Extraction of germ oil has the disadvantage that fat-soluble vitamins and some amino acids are lost, so the effect is slightly lower than that of germ before extraction, but it can be used because sugar and amino acids remain. is there.

本発明の生胚芽粉末の粒径は、目開き200μmの篩いを通過する大きさである。
生胚芽は、粉末にした方が表面積が大きくなり、風味を発生させる非酵素的褐変化反応が均一に起こり易くなる。
また、フレーク状生胚芽を焼き菓子に添加すると、食感にざらつきなどの違和感を感じるが、生胚芽粉末ではその問題が解消される。
さらに、フレーク状生胚芽を添加した場合には製品に濃褐色の斑点が多数見られるようになり、外観を損なうという問題がある。
濃褐色の斑点に関しては、消費者に胚芽が入っているということをアピールできるために欠点ではなく長所とする見方もあるが、主流の考え方とはいえない。
小麦粉に生胚芽粉末を添加する際には、小麦粉と同じ粒度にするのが、粉体の取り扱い上も望ましい。
小麦粉の製造には篩いの工程が含まれており、フレーク状の生胚芽を加えても篩いで除去されてしまうが、生胚芽粉末は篩いを抜けるので、既存の製造設備をそのまま使用した製造が可能となる。
従来の小麦粉は、特殊なものを除き目開き212μmもしくは200μmの篩いを通過するように粒度調整されている。
The particle diameter of the raw germ powder of the present invention is a size that passes through a sieve having an opening of 200 μm.
The raw germ has a larger surface area when powdered, and a non-enzymatic browning reaction that generates a flavor is more likely to occur uniformly.
In addition, when the flaky raw germ is added to the baked confectionery, the food texture feels uncomfortable, but the problem is solved with the raw germ powder.
Furthermore, when flaky live embryos are added, many dark brown spots appear on the product, which impairs the appearance.
As for dark brown spots, there is a view that it is not a defect but an advantage because it can appeal to consumers that germs are contained, but it is not a mainstream idea.
When adding raw germ powder to wheat flour, it is desirable for handling the powder to have the same particle size as wheat flour.
The production of flour includes a sieving process, and even if flaky raw germ is added, it is removed by sieving. However, since raw germ powder passes through the sieve, production using existing production equipment is not possible. It becomes possible.
Conventional wheat flour is adjusted in particle size so as to pass through a sieve having an opening of 212 μm or 200 μm except for special ones.

小麦粉にはでんぷんやたん白質が豊富に含まれるのに対し、生胚芽には遊離糖や遊離アミノ酸が多く含まれる。
遊離糖や遊離アミノ酸はアミノカルボニル反応やカラメル化反応といった非酵素的褐変化反応により多種多様な物質を生成することで風味を発生する。
でんぷんやたん白質が非酵素的褐変化反応の材料とならないわけではないが、遊離糖や遊離アミノ酸と比べると、効率は遥かに劣る。
したがって、生胚芽を含む素材を非酵素的褐変化反応が起こる条件で加熱すれば、風味が良い食品を製造することができる。
焼き菓子は、非酵素的褐変化反応が起こる条件で加熱する代表的な食品である。
Wheat flour contains abundant starch and protein, whereas raw germ contains a lot of free sugars and free amino acids.
Free sugars and free amino acids generate flavors by producing a wide variety of substances through non-enzymatic browning reactions such as aminocarbonyl reactions and caramelization reactions.
Starch and protein are not necessarily non-enzymatic browning materials, but they are far less efficient than free sugars and free amino acids.
Therefore, if a raw material containing raw germ is heated under conditions that cause a non-enzymatic browning reaction, a food with good flavor can be produced.
Baked confectionery is a typical food that is heated under conditions where a non-enzymatic browning reaction occurs.

焼き菓子とは、小麦粉などの穀粉、糖(砂糖、黒糖、異性化糖、コーンシロップ、デキストロース、蜂蜜、モルトシロップ、メイプルシロップ、糖蜜など)、鶏卵(全卵、卵黄、卵白、乾燥全卵、乾燥卵黄、乾燥卵白など)を主な材料とし、場合によっては油脂、乳製品、膨剤など他の素材も加えた上で生地(バッターを含む)を作り、焼成した菓子類を指すことが多く、本発明の焼き菓子もこの定義に従う。   Baked confectionery means flour such as wheat flour, sugar (sugar, brown sugar, isomerized sugar, corn syrup, dextrose, honey, malt syrup, maple syrup, molasses, etc.), chicken egg (whole egg, egg yolk, egg white, dried whole egg, (Dried egg yolk, dried egg white, etc.) are the main ingredients, and in some cases, other ingredients such as fats, dairy products, and bulking agents are added to make dough (including batter) and often refer to baked confectionery. The baked confectionery of the present invention also follows this definition.

本発明における焼成とは、非酵素的褐変化反応が起こる条件で加熱することをいう。
焼成は、放射熱、伝導熱、対流を利用したオーブンや、熱した金属板もしくは金属の型、石などに被加熱物質を乗せて加熱する方法が一般的であるが、非酵素的褐変化反応が起こる条件での加熱であれば、方法は特に限定されない。
高温の液体(例えば食用の油脂)に被加熱物質を入れて揚げる方法も、非酵素的褐変化反応が起こるので本発明の焼成に含む。
茹でる、蒸すなどの加熱方法は、非酵素的褐変化反応がほとんど起きないので焼成には含まないが、高温(例えば150℃以上)の水蒸気を使用して被加熱物質に非酵素的褐変化反応が起こるような条件で加熱する場合は本発明の焼成に含まれる。
なお、非酵素的褐変化反応においては、初期段階で風味発生に関連する反応が起こり、その後に褐変化反応が続くが、焼き菓子の褐変化まで反応が進んでいなくても、風味発生の反応が開始していれば、本発明の焼成に含む。
Firing in the present invention refers to heating under conditions where a non-enzymatic browning reaction occurs.
Firing is generally performed by heating using an object that uses radiant heat, conduction heat, or convection, or a heated metal plate or metal mold, stone, or other material to be heated. The method is not particularly limited as long as the heating is performed under the conditions where the above occurs.
A method of putting a substance to be heated in a high-temperature liquid (for example, edible fats and oils) and frying is also included in the baking of the present invention because a non-enzymatic browning reaction occurs.
Heating methods such as boiling and steaming are not included in baking because non-enzymatic browning reaction hardly occurs. In the case of heating under such a condition as occurs, it is included in the firing of the present invention.
In the non-enzymatic browning reaction, a reaction related to the occurrence of flavor occurs in the initial stage, and the browning reaction continues thereafter, but even if the reaction has not progressed until the browning of the baked confectionery, the occurrence of flavor has occurred. If the reaction has started, it is included in the firing of the present invention.

本発明の焼き菓子とは、スポンジ類(スポンジケーキ、ジェノワーズ、ビスキュイ、ジョコンド、ビスキュイ・オ・ザマンド、ビスキュイ・ア・ラ・キュイエール、ビスキュイ・ド・サヴォワ、シフォンケーキ、エンゼルフードケーキ、デビルズフードケーキ、ブッセ、パフケーキ、オムレット、モーレンコップフ、ドボス等を含む)、パウンドケーキ類(パウンドケーキ、マドレーヌ、フィナンシェ、マフィン、ガトー・ウィークエンド、バウムクーヘン、ザントマッセ、ザッハ等を含む)、ビスケット類(ビスケット、クッキー、サブレ、ラング・ド・シャ、クラッカー、ビスコッティ、ボーロ、ウェハース、プレッツェル、スコーン、ショートブレッド、シュトロイゼル、レープクーヘン、ホーニッヒクーヘン、ブレッヒクーヘン、包餡クッキー、フロランタン、ポルポローネ、ゴーフル、ガレット、エンガディナー、杏仁酥等を含む)、タルト(タルト、ガトー・バスク、リンツァートルテ、ミルリトン等を含む)、発酵菓子類(クグロフ、シュトーレン、シュネック、ラスク、ブリオッシュ、クロワッサン、パネトーネ等を含む)、パイ(ピティヴィエ、パイ饅頭、エッグタルト等を含む)、メレンゲ類(ダコワーズ、マカロン、クロッカン、スフレ等を含む)、プリン類(ファーブルトン、フラン、クラフティ、プディング等を含む)、饅頭類(栗饅頭、カステラ饅頭、桃山、月餅、乳菓等を含む)、シュー、ガトー・ショコラ、カヌレ、ベイクドチーズケーキ、ブラウニー、カステラ、甘食、丸ボーロ、金属製の板や型を直接火にかけて焼く菓子類(きんつば、クレープ、ホットケーキ、パンケーキ、どら焼き、ワッフル、たいやき、今川焼(回転焼、大判焼を含む)、人形焼、おやき、せんべい類(瓦煎餅、南部煎餅、えびせん等を含む)等を含む)、揚げ菓子類(かりんとう、ベニエ、ドーナツ等を含む)等が代表的なものとして挙げられる。
さらに、前記焼き菓子の組み合わせ(例えばコンヴェルサシオン、ポンヌフなど)や、前記焼き菓子にクリームやフルーツなどのフィリングやトッピングを加えるなどの加工を施したもの(例えばショートケーキなど)も焼き菓子に含む。
蒸し菓子(柏餅、粽、桜餅、おはぎ、蒸しまんじゅう、蒸しカステラ、羊羹)、糖菓(飴やボンボン・ショコラ)、氷菓(アイスクリームやシャーベット)、冷菓(バヴァロア、ムース、ゼリー、ブランマンジェ、杏仁豆腐)は、焼き菓子には含まない。
The baked confectionery of the present invention includes sponges (sponge cakes, genoaise, biscuits, jocondos, biscuits au zamande, biscuis a la cuilleres, biscuis de savoie, chiffon cakes, angel food cakes, devil's food cakes. , Busses, puff cakes, omelets, Molenkoffs, devos, etc.), pound cakes (including pound cake, madeleine, financier, muffin, gateau weekend, baumkuchen, zant masse, sacher etc.), biscuits (biscuits, cookies) , Sable, Lang de Cha, Cracker, Biscotti, Bolo, Wafer, Pretzel, Scone, Shortbread, Streuzel, Lebkuchen, Honigkuchen, Brechkuchen, Package Cookies, Florentine, Polpolone, Gouffle, Garrett, Engadiner, Apricot candy etc.), Tartlets (including tart, Gateaux Basque, Linzertorte, Millriton, etc.), Fermented confectionery (Kugrov, Stollen, Schneeck, Rusk, Brioche , Including croissants, panettone, etc.), pies (including pitivies, pie buns, egg tarts, etc.), meringues (including dacoise, macaroons, crocans, souffles, etc.), puddings (farbreton, furan, crafty, pudding, etc.) ), Buns (including chestnut buns, castella buns, Momoyama, moon cake, dairy confectionery, etc.), choux, gateau chocolate, cannula, baked cheesecake, brownies, castella, candy, round boro, metal plates and molds Baked confectionery (Kintsuba, Kure , Hot cake, pancake, dorayaki, waffle, taiyaki, Imagawa ware (including rotary ware, large-format ware), doll ware, oyster, rice crackers (including tile potato, southern rice cracker, shrimp, etc.), Typical examples include fried confectionery (including Karinto, Benier, donuts, etc.).
Furthermore, a combination of the baked confectionery (for example, Conversation, Ponneuf, etc.), or a baked confectionery (for example, a short cake) obtained by applying a filling or topping such as cream or fruit to the baked confectionery is also used as the baked confectionery. Including.
Steamed confectionery (boiled rice cake, strawberry, cherry blossom bowl, rice ball, steamed bun, steamed castella, steamed candy) Is not included in baked goods.

生胚芽粉末を加えることにより、焼き菓子の食感はもろく(サクく)、口溶けは良くなる。
焼き菓子の組織は糊化した澱粉による結合力で保持されているが、生胚芽粉末は全く糊化しないので、組織の結合が弱まり、もろく、口溶けが良い食感となる。
また、生胚芽中の油脂も焼き菓子中の組織の結合力を弱める働きを持つ(脱脂生胚芽を使用した場合には、食感改良効果は弱くなる。)。
By adding the raw germ powder, the texture of the baked confectionery is brittle and the mouth melt is improved.
Although the structure of baked confectionery is held with the binding strength of gelatinized starch, the raw germ powder is not gelatinized at all, so that the tissue bond becomes weak, brittle, and has a good mouth melt texture.
In addition, the fats and oils in the raw germ also have a function of weakening the binding power of the tissue in the baked confectionery (when the defatted raw germ is used, the texture improvement effect is weakened).

焼き菓子用穀粉中に含まれる生胚芽粉末の量は、1.0〜5.0質量%である。
小麦粉単独の場合は小麦粉に対し1.0〜5.0質量%であるが、小麦粉及び小麦粉以外の穀粉や澱粉、バイタルグルテンを小麦粉と共に使用する場合には、小麦粉及び小麦粉以外の穀粉や澱粉の合計に対し1.0〜5.0質量%である。
これは、小麦粉以外の穀粉や澱粉を添加する場合に、小麦粉中の澱粉と外から加えた小麦粉以外の穀粉や澱粉、バイタルグルテンは、焼き菓子の骨格を形作るという点では共通しており、風味の観点からは小麦粉が増量されたと見做すことができるためである。
穀粉によっては特有の風味を持つものもあるが、それらの風味は本発明における胚芽由来の香ばしい香りとは相性がよい。
小麦粉以外の穀粉は、食感改良や風味付けのために焼き菓子に添加して使用されることがある。
風味付け目的での利用において、本発明の生胚芽粉末の添加と合わせて使用すれば、風味に幅広いバリエーションを持たせることが可能となり、特徴を持った焼き菓子の製造するための有効な手段となる。
生胚芽粉末の穀粉に対する添加量が1.0質量%未満では、風味の発生が弱すぎて添加しない場合との差がほとんど分からない。
生胚芽粉末の穀粉粉に対する添加量が5.0質量%を超えると、濃厚な風味は発生するものの、えぐ味や焦げ臭などの不快な味と香りが感じられるようになり、また加工する製品によっては作業性が悪化するため、好ましくない。
The amount of raw germ powder contained in the baked confectionery flour is 1.0 to 5.0 mass%.
In the case of flour alone, it is 1.0 to 5.0% by mass with respect to the flour. However, when flour and starch other than wheat flour and flour, and vital gluten are used together with wheat flour, flour and starch other than wheat flour and starch It is 1.0-5.0 mass% with respect to the sum total.
This is common in the point that when flour and starch other than wheat flour are added, starch in wheat flour, flour and starch other than flour added from outside, and vital gluten form a baked confectionery skeleton. From this point of view, it can be considered that the amount of flour has been increased.
Some flours have a unique flavor, but these flavors are compatible with the fragrant fragrance derived from germ in the present invention.
Flour other than wheat flour may be used by adding to baked confectionery for texture improvement and flavoring.
When used in combination with the addition of the raw germ powder of the present invention for use for flavoring purposes, it is possible to give a wide variety of flavors, and an effective means for producing characteristic baked goods, Become.
If the addition amount of raw germ powder to flour is less than 1.0% by mass, the occurrence of flavor is too weak and the difference from the case where it is not added is hardly understood.
When the amount of raw germ powder added to the flour powder exceeds 5.0% by mass, a rich flavor is generated, but an unpleasant taste and aroma such as a bitter taste or a burning odor can be felt and processed. Depending on the case, workability is deteriorated, which is not preferable.

生胚芽粉末の量が1.0〜5.0質量%条件を満たした小麦粉でも、ふすまの混入量があまりに多いと、風味の改良は期待できない。
灰分が高すぎる場合には、ふすま臭やにが味、えぐ味等の原因となったり、焼き菓子製造時の作業性が劣るなどの問題が発生する。
例えば、全粒小麦粉には、生胚芽は2〜3質量%程度含まれるが、ふすまの比率が高すぎるため、ふすま臭やにが味、えぐ味が強く、風味は劣る。
従って、本発明の小麦粉は、食品用途として相応しい品質である必要があり、生胚芽粉末を添加した状態で、灰分含有量が1.00質量%以下であることが好ましい。
0.80質量%以下の灰分含有量だと一層好ましい。
なお、本発明の灰分の値は、酢酸マグネシウム添加灰化法により測定した値である。
Even if the amount of raw germ powder satisfies the condition of 1.0 to 5.0% by mass, if the amount of bran mixed is too large, improvement in flavor cannot be expected.
When the ash content is too high, problems such as bran odor, bitter taste, and savory taste, and poor workability during baked goods production occur.
For example, the whole wheat flour contains about 2 to 3% by mass of raw germ, but since the ratio of the bran is too high, the bran odor, nigar taste and gummy taste are strong, and the flavor is inferior.
Therefore, the wheat flour of the present invention needs to have a quality suitable for food use, and it is preferable that the ash content is 1.00% by mass or less in a state where the raw germ powder is added.
An ash content of 0.80% by mass or less is more preferable.
In addition, the value of the ash content of this invention is the value measured by the magnesium acetate addition ashing method.

現時点の技術レベルで、市販の小麦粉の灰分下限は0.32〜0.33質量%程度であり、さらに研究レベルでは灰分0.29質量%程度の小麦粉を試作することができる。
したがって、その灰分の小麦粉に胚芽を1.0質量%混ぜたものが灰分の下限となる。
しかしながら、今後の製粉技術の改良や、小麦の品種改良によっては、さらに低灰分の小麦粉が製造できる可能性がある。
胚芽の混入量が1.0質量%以上、5.0質量%以下の範囲に入っていれば、アミノ酸等の含有量は焼き菓子の品質を向上させる範囲に入るため、元となる小麦粉の灰分がさらに下がった場合を仮定しても、焼き菓子の品質に対する効果は失われない。
そのような理由により、灰分の下限については厳密には設定できない。
At the current technical level, commercially available wheat flour has a lower ash content of about 0.32 to 0.33 mass%, and further, at the research level, it is possible to make a trial product of wheat flour with an ash content of about 0.29 mass%.
Therefore, the lower limit of ash content is 1.0% by mass of germ in the ash flour.
However, depending on future improvements in milling technology and wheat varieties, it is possible that wheat flour with a lower ash content can be produced.
If the amount of germ mixture is in the range of 1.0% by mass or more and 5.0% by mass or less, the content of amino acids and the like is in the range that improves the quality of baked confectionery, so the ash content of the original flour Assuming that is further reduced, the effect on the quality of the baked goods is not lost.
For this reason, the lower limit of ash content cannot be set strictly.

本発明の焼き菓子用小麦粉は必要に応じ焼き菓子に使用する副資材を配合することができる。
本発明の焼き菓子用小麦粉を使用した焼き菓子は、既存の生胚芽添加食品と同様に、ビタミンB群、ビタミンE、無機質、必須脂肪酸などに富み、栄養価も高い。
The flour for baked confectionery of this invention can mix | blend the auxiliary material used for baked confectionery as needed.
The baked confectionery using the flour for baked confectionery of the present invention is rich in vitamin B group, vitamin E, minerals, essential fatty acids and the like, and has a high nutritional value, as in the case of existing raw germ-added foods.

以下本発明を実施例により具体的に説明する。
代表的な焼き菓子として、サブレとスポンジケーキ、ドーナッツ、南部煎餅による評価を行った。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described by way of examples.
As representative baked confectionery, evaluation was made using sables, sponge cakes, donuts and southern rice crackers.

[実施例1〜5、比較例1〜7]
市販の薄力小麦粉(灰分0.36質量%、胚芽0.0質量%)に生胚芽粉末(灰分3.53質量%、胚芽99.3質量%)を添加してサブレの試作を行い、風味と食感の評価を行った。
小麦粉への生胚芽粉末の添加量は、実施例1で1.0質量%、実施例2で2.0質量%、実施例3で3.0質量%、実施例4で4.0質量%、実施例5で5.0質量%、比較例1で0.0質量%、比較例2で0.5質量%、比較例3で6.0質量%、比較例4で10.0質量%であった。
また、比較例5〜7は小麦粉にフレーク状生胚芽(灰分3.58質量%、胚芽92.8質量%)を添加したもので、生胚芽の添加量は比較例5で1.0質量%、比較例6で3.0質量%、比較例7で5.0質量%であった。
生胚芽粉末は、市販の小麦胚芽に粉砕したドライアイスを混合してレッチェ社製超遠心粉砕機により粉砕し、製粉用の7xxの篩い(目開き200μm)で抜けたものを使用した。
フレーク状生胚芽は、市販の小麦胚芽を使用した。
なお、前記灰分は酢酸マグネシウム添加灰化法により測定したものであり、前記胚芽純度は蛍光光度法により測定したものである。
[Examples 1 to 5, Comparative Examples 1 to 7]
Producing a sable by adding raw germ powder (ash content: 3.53 mass%, embryo content: 99.3% by mass) to commercially available thin wheat flour (ash content: 0.36 mass%, germ: 0.0 mass%) And the texture was evaluated.
The amount of raw germ powder added to the wheat flour was 1.0% by mass in Example 1, 2.0% by mass in Example 2, 3.0% by mass in Example 3, and 4.0% by mass in Example 4. Example 5 is 5.0% by mass, Comparative Example 1 is 0.0% by mass, Comparative Example 2 is 0.5% by mass, Comparative Example 3 is 6.0% by mass, and Comparative Example 4 is 10.0% by mass. Met.
Comparative Examples 5 to 7 were obtained by adding flaky raw germ (ash content: 3.58 mass%, embryo: 92.8 mass%) to wheat flour, and the amount of raw germ added was 1.0 mass% in Comparative Example 5. In Comparative Example 6, it was 3.0% by mass, and in Comparative Example 7, it was 5.0% by mass.
The raw germ powder used was a mixture of commercially available wheat germ mixed with crushed dry ice, pulverized with an ultracentrifugal pulverizer manufactured by Lecce, and removed with a 7xx sieve (mesh opening 200 μm).
Commercial wheat germ was used as the flaky live germ.
The ash content was measured by a magnesium acetate addition ashing method, and the germ purity was measured by a fluorometric method.

サブレの評価は以下のとおり行った。
(1)ミキサー内でバター180gと砂糖135gを合わせてミキシングした。
(2)ミキシングしながら、卵162gを少しずつ加えた。
(3)篩った小麦粉300gを合わせてミキシングした。
(4)生地をビニール袋に入れて一晩冷蔵庫でねかした。
(5)翌日、生地を3.5mm厚に延ばした。
(6)径6cmの型で抜いて、天板に並べた。
(7)180℃のオーブンで15分焼成した。
(8)製品の粗熱がとれたらビニール袋に入れて保管した。
(9)経験を積んだ10名のパネラーにより、次に示す基準で官能評価を行った。
The evaluation of the sable was performed as follows.
(1) In a mixer, 180 g of butter and 135 g of sugar were combined and mixed.
(2) While mixing, 162 g of eggs were added little by little.
(3) 300 g of sieved flour was combined and mixed.
(4) The dough was put in a plastic bag and left overnight in a refrigerator.
(5) The next day, the dough was stretched to a thickness of 3.5 mm.
(6) It was extracted with a 6 cm diameter mold and placed on a top board.
(7) Baked in an oven at 180 ° C. for 15 minutes.
(8) When the product was able to remove the rough heat, it was stored in a plastic bag.
(9) Sensory evaluation was performed by 10 experienced panelists according to the following criteria.

評価項目は、外観(色調を含む)、風味、食感(硬さ、サクさ、口溶け)を、次の7段階で数値化し、10名の評点の平均を取った。
7点 非常に優れる
6点 優れる
5点 やや優れる
4点 普通
3点 やや劣る
2点 劣る
1点 非常に劣る
As evaluation items, the appearance (including color tone), flavor, and texture (hardness, crispyness, melting in the mouth) were quantified in the following seven stages, and the average of the scores of 10 persons was taken.
7 points Excellent 6 points Excellent 5 points Somewhat excellent 4 points Normal 3 points Somewhat inferior 2 points Inferior 1 point Very inferior

製菓時の作業性は、加工を行った製菓技術者2名が評価を行い、前記の7段階で数値化して、2名の平均を取った。
結果を表1に示す。
The workability at the time of confectionery was evaluated by two confectionery engineers who performed the processing, and was quantified in the above seven stages, and the average of the two persons was taken.
The results are shown in Table 1.

Figure 2008017836
Figure 2008017836

小麦粉に加える生胚芽粉末の量を増やしていくと、風味、硬さ、サクさ、口溶けが向上した。
しかし、添加量が6.0質量%以上になると、濃厚な風味の中にえぐ味を感じるようになり、サブレの風味としては適さなくなった。
また、食感に関しても最適値を超えてしまっており、生胚芽添加量が6.0質量%以上になると評価が急激に下がった。
フレーク状生胚芽を加えた比較例5〜7では、風味、硬さ、サクさに対する効果は、程度は弱いものの生胚芽粉末と同一傾向である。
ただしフレーク状生胚芽の場合は、サブレの表面に黒点が浮き出たり、ざらつきが目立って口溶けが劣ったりといった問題がみられた。
以上の結果より、生胚芽粉末を1.0〜5.0質量%の範囲で添加した小麦粉で、サブレの風味と食感が優れていた。
Increasing the amount of raw germ powder added to the flour improved the flavor, hardness, crispyness, and melting in the mouth.
However, when the addition amount was 6.0% by mass or more, it became savory in the rich flavor and became unsuitable as a savory flavor.
In addition, the texture also exceeded the optimum value, and the evaluation dropped sharply when the amount of raw germ added was 6.0% by mass or more.
In Comparative Examples 5 to 7 in which flaky live germs were added, the effects on flavor, hardness, and crispness tend to be the same as those of live germ powder, although the degree is weak.
However, in the case of flaky live embryos, there were problems such as black spots appearing on the surface of the sable, or roughness and poor melting of the mouth.
From the above results, the flavor and texture of the sable were excellent in the flour added with the raw germ powder in the range of 1.0 to 5.0% by mass.

[実施例6〜10、比較例8〜12]
市販の薄力小麦粉に生胚芽(粉末およびフレーク)を添加してスポンジケーキの試作を行い、風味と食感の評価を行った。
小麦粉への生胚芽粉末の添加量は、実施例6で1.0質量%、実施例7で2.0質量%、実施例8で3.0質量%、実施例9で4.0質量%、実施例10で5.0質量%、比較例8で0.0質量%、比較例9で0.5質量%、比較例10で6.0質量%であった。
また、比較例11および比較例12は小麦粉にフレーク状生胚芽を添加したもので、生胚芽の添加量は比較例11で1.0質量%、比較例12で5.0質量%であった。
なお、市販の薄力小麦粉、生胚芽粉末、フレーク状生胚芽は、実施例1〜5と同じものを使用した。
[Examples 6 to 10, Comparative Examples 8 to 12]
Sponge cakes were made by adding raw germ (powder and flakes) to commercially available thin wheat flour, and the flavor and texture were evaluated.
The amount of raw germ powder added to the wheat flour was 1.0% by mass in Example 6, 2.0% by mass in Example 7, 3.0% by mass in Example 8, and 4.0% by mass in Example 9. Example 10 was 5.0% by mass, Comparative Example 8 was 0.0% by mass, Comparative Example 9 was 0.5% by mass, and Comparative Example 10 was 6.0% by mass.
Comparative Example 11 and Comparative Example 12 were obtained by adding flaky live germ to wheat flour. The amount of live germ added was 1.0% by mass in Comparative Example 11 and 5.0% by mass in Comparative Example 12. .
In addition, the same thing as Examples 1-5 was used for commercially available thin wheat flour, raw germ powder, and flaky live embryo.

スポンジケーキの評価は以下のとおり行った。
(1)ミキサー内で鶏卵170gと砂糖120gを混合し、良く泡立てた。
(2)篩った小麦粉を100g加えてミキシングした。
(3)スポンジ型に生地を流し込んだ。
(4)180℃のオーブンで30分焼成した。
(5)型から取り出して、放冷した。
(6)放冷後、ビニール袋に入れて保管し、翌日に評価を行った。
The sponge cake was evaluated as follows.
(1) In a mixer, 170 g of chicken eggs and 120 g of sugar were mixed and foamed well.
(2) 100 g of sieved flour was added and mixed.
(3) The dough was poured into a sponge mold.
(4) Baking for 30 minutes in an oven at 180 ° C.
(5) The product was removed from the mold and allowed to cool.
(6) After standing to cool, it was stored in a plastic bag and evaluated the next day.

評価項目は、外観(色調を含む)、風味、食感(硬さ、口溶け)とし、次の7段階で数値化し、10名の評点の平均を取った。
7点 非常に優れる
6点 優れる
5点 やや優れる
4点 普通
3点 やや劣る
2点 劣る
1点 非常に劣る
The evaluation items were appearance (including color tone), flavor, and texture (hardness, melting in the mouth), and were quantified in the following seven stages, and the average of the scores of 10 people was taken.
7 points Excellent 6 points Excellent 5 points Somewhat excellent 4 points Normal 3 points Somewhat inferior 2 points Inferior 1 point Very inferior

製菓時の作業性は、加工を行った製菓技術者2名が評価を行い、前記の7段階で数値化して、2名の平均を取った。
結果を表2に示す。
The workability at the time of confectionery was evaluated by two confectionery engineers who performed the processing, and was quantified in the above seven stages, and the average of the two persons was taken.
The results are shown in Table 2.

Figure 2008017836
Figure 2008017836

風味に関しては、添加量が1.0〜5.0質量%の範囲で、甘さの角が取れてまろやかな味になり、こんがりとした香りを感じた。
しかし、生胚芽粉末添加量が6.0質量%になると、風味は濃厚であるが、焦げ臭とえぐ味を感じ、スポンジケーキとしては不快な風味となった。
食感に関しては、生胚芽粉末添加量が1.0〜5.0質量%の範囲では、ソフトな弾力を感じ、口溶けも良好であった。
しかし、生胚芽粉末添加量が6.0質量%になると、弾力が強くなりすぎ、硬さを感じた。
生胚芽粉末添加量が0.5質量%の場合、生胚芽粉末無添加とほとんど差を感じなかった。
フレーク状生胚芽を加えた場合、若干風味の改良が認められたが、生胚芽粉末の場合と比較すると、効果は大幅に劣った。
さらに、フレーク状生胚芽の添加量が増えると、ざらつきを感じるため、口溶けがやや劣った。
以上の結果より、生胚芽粉末を1.0〜5.0質量%の範囲で添加した小麦粉で、スポンジケーキの風味と食感が優れていた。
Regarding the flavor, when the amount added was in the range of 1.0 to 5.0% by mass, the corners of the sweetness were removed and the taste became mellow, and the scent was felt.
However, when the amount of raw germ powder added was 6.0% by mass, the flavor was rich but felt a burning odor and a pungent taste, resulting in an unpleasant flavor as a sponge cake.
Regarding the texture, when the amount of raw germ powder added was in the range of 1.0 to 5.0% by mass, it felt soft elasticity and melted well.
However, when the amount of raw germ powder added was 6.0% by mass, the elasticity became too strong and the hardness was felt.
When the amount of raw germ powder added was 0.5 mass%, there was almost no difference from the case of no raw germ powder added.
When flaky raw germ was added, the flavor was slightly improved, but the effect was significantly inferior to that of raw germ powder.
Furthermore, as the amount of flaky embryos added increased, the melting of the mouth was slightly inferior because it felt rough.
From the above results, the flavor and texture of the sponge cake were excellent with the flour added with the raw germ powder in the range of 1.0 to 5.0% by mass.

[実施例11、比較例13]
ドーナッツの評価は次のとおり行った。
小麦粉200g、グラニュー糖80g、脱脂粉乳20g、ベーキングパウダー10g、食塩2g、ショートニング16g、鶏卵(全卵)40g、水80mlをミキサー中で2分攪拌して均一な生地とした。
実施例11では前記小麦粉として、市販の薄力小麦粉155.2g、市販の強力小麦粉38.8g、生胚芽粉末6gを混合したものを使用した(生胚芽粉末は実施例1〜5と同様の方法で製造したものである。)。
また、比較例13では前記小麦粉として、市販の薄力小麦粉160g、市販の強力小麦粉40gを混合した小麦粉を使用した。
前記生地を1cm厚に伸ばし、リング型の抜き型で1個45gに抜いた。
型抜きした前記生地を180℃の揚げ油中に投入し、片面1分づつ、計2分間フライし、ケーキドーナッツを製造した。
実施例11の小麦粉で製造したドーナッツは、比較例13の小麦粉によるものと比較して風味が強く、口溶けが良かった。
実施例11および比較例13で使用した市販の薄力小麦粉は灰分0.36質量%、胚芽0.0質量%を含んでいた。
実施例11および比較例13で使用した市販の強力小麦粉は灰分0.39質量%、胚芽0.0質量%を含んでいた。
前記灰分は酢酸マグネシウム添加灰化法により測定したものであり、前記胚芽純度は蛍光光度法により測定したものである。
[Example 11, Comparative Example 13]
Evaluation of donuts was performed as follows.
200 g of wheat flour, 80 g of granulated sugar, 20 g of skim milk powder, 10 g of baking powder, 2 g of salt, 16 g of shortening, 40 g of chicken eggs (whole egg), and 80 ml of water were stirred in a mixer for 2 minutes to obtain a uniform dough.
In Example 11, a mixture of 155.2 g of commercially available thin wheat flour, 38.8 g of commercially available strong wheat flour, and 6 g of raw germ powder was used as the flour (the raw germ powder was the same as in Examples 1 to 5). Manufactured by).
Moreover, in the comparative example 13, the wheat flour which mixed 160g of commercially available thin wheat flour, and 40g of commercially available strong wheat flour was used as the said wheat flour.
The dough was stretched to a thickness of 1 cm and cut into 45 g pieces with a ring-shaped punch.
The die cut dough was put into fried oil at 180 ° C. and fried for 1 minute on each side for a total of 2 minutes to produce cake donuts.
The donuts produced with the wheat flour of Example 11 had a strong flavor and good melting in the mouth as compared with the wheat flour of Comparative Example 13.
The commercially available thin wheat flour used in Example 11 and Comparative Example 13 contained 0.36% by mass of ash and 0.0% by mass of germ.
The commercially available strong wheat flour used in Example 11 and Comparative Example 13 contained 0.39% by mass of ash and 0.0% by mass of germ.
The ash is measured by ashing with magnesium acetate, and the embryo purity is measured by a fluorometric method.

[実施例12、比較例14]
南部煎餅での評価は次のとおり行った。
水85mlをミキサーに入れ、重曹4g、食塩4gを溶かした後に、小麦粉200gを加えて4分間混合し生地を作った。
実施例12では前記小麦粉として、市販の薄力小麦粉192gに生胚芽粉末8gを混合したものを使用した。
比較例14では前記小麦粉として、市販の薄力小麦粉を使用した。
実施例12および比較例14の薄力小麦粉および生胚芽粉末は、実施例1〜5と同じものを使用した。
前記生地を28gに分割し、円盤状に伸ばしてピーナッツおよび黒ゴマを表面に付けて南部煎餅用の型に詰め、210℃のオーブンで11分間焼成した。
実施例12の小麦粉で製造した南部煎餅は、比較例14の小麦粉によるものと比較して風味に優れ(自然な甘味を感じ、香ばしさが強い)サクサク感や口溶けにも優れていた。
[Example 12, Comparative Example 14]
Evaluation in southern rice crackers was performed as follows.
After 85 ml of water was put into a mixer and 4 g of sodium bicarbonate and 4 g of sodium chloride were dissolved, 200 g of flour was added and mixed for 4 minutes to prepare a dough.
In Example 12, as the flour, a mixture of 192 g of commercially available thin wheat flour and 8 g of raw germ powder was used.
In Comparative Example 14, a commercially available thin wheat flour was used as the flour.
The same wheat flour and raw germ powder of Example 12 and Comparative Example 14 were used as in Examples 1-5.
The dough was divided into 28 g, stretched into a disk shape, peanuts and black sesame were attached to the surface, filled in a mold for southern rice crackers, and baked in an oven at 210 ° C. for 11 minutes.
The southern rice cracker produced with the wheat flour of Example 12 was superior in flavor (feeling natural sweetness and strong in fragrance) compared to that of the wheat flour of Comparative Example 14, and also excellent in crispy feeling and melting in the mouth.

[実施例13〜14、比較例15〜16]
市販の薄力小麦粉495gに脱脂胚芽粉末を5g添加し、実施例13とした。
市販の薄力小麦粉475gに脱脂胚芽粉末を25g添加し、実施例14とした。
市販の薄力小麦粉495gに焙煎胚芽粉末を5g添加し、比較例15とした。
市販の薄力小麦粉475gに焙煎胚芽粉末を25g添加し、比較例16とした。
実施例13〜14および比較例15〜16の市販の薄力小麦粉は、実施例1〜5と同じものを使用した。
前記脱脂胚芽粉末は、市販の脱脂小麦胚芽(焙煎していないもの)をレッチェ社製超遠心粉砕機により粉砕し、目開き200μmの篩いを抜けたものを使用した。
前記焙煎胚芽粉末は、市販の焙煎小麦胚芽をレッチェ社製超遠心粉砕機により粉砕し、目開き200μmの篩いを抜けたものを使用した。
[Examples 13 to 14, Comparative Examples 15 to 16]
Example 13 was obtained by adding 5 g of defatted germ powder to 495 g of commercially available thin wheat flour.
Example 14 was obtained by adding 25 g of defatted germ powder to 475 g of commercially available thin wheat flour.
Comparative Example 15 was prepared by adding 5 g of roasted germ powder to 495 g of commercially available thin wheat flour.
Comparative Example 16 was prepared by adding 25 g of roasted germ powder to 475 g of commercially available thin wheat flour.
The commercially available thin wheat flours of Examples 13 to 14 and Comparative Examples 15 to 16 were the same as those of Examples 1 to 5.
As the defatted germ powder, commercially available defatted wheat germ (not roasted) was pulverized with an ultracentrifugal pulverizer manufactured by Lecce and passed through a sieve having an opening of 200 μm.
As the roasted germ powder, commercially available roasted wheat germ was pulverized with an ultracentrifugal mill manufactured by Lecce and passed through a sieve having an opening of 200 μm.

実施例13、14および比較例15、16の小麦粉を使い、実施例1〜5と同様の方法でサブレを製造して、評価を行った。
さらに、実施例13、14および比較例15、16の小麦粉を使い、実施例6〜10と同様の方法でスポンジケーキを製造して、評価を行った。
サブレの評価結果を表3に、スポンジケーキの評価結果を表4に示す。
Using the flours of Examples 13 and 14 and Comparative Examples 15 and 16, sables were produced in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 5, and evaluated.
Furthermore, using the flour of Examples 13 and 14 and Comparative Examples 15 and 16, sponge cakes were produced in the same manner as in Examples 6 to 10, and evaluated.
Table 3 shows the evaluation result of the sable and Table 4 shows the evaluation result of the sponge cake.

Figure 2008017836
Figure 2008017836

Figure 2008017836
Figure 2008017836

実施例13および実施例14では、風味と食感が改良された。
実施例13および実施例14のサブレおよびスポンジケーキにおいて、同じ量の生胚芽粉末(脱脂及び焙煎を行っていないもの)を入れた場合と、食感の傾向はほぼ同じであった。
さらに、風味も傾向は同じであったが、脱脂していない生胚芽粉末の場合よりは、味、香りともやや薄かった。
比較例15および16のサブレは、食感にやや改良がみられるものの、風味と外観は劣っていた。
特に比較例16においては、サブレ、スポンジケーキともロースト臭は強いものの、焦げ臭さを感じるため好ましくなく、味はにが味が目立ち、甘味と旨味は感じられなかった。
さらに、外観も色が濃すぎて好ましくなかった。
この結果より、脱脂小麦胚芽(焙煎していないもの)は本発明の生胚芽粉末を作るために使用できるが、焙煎小麦胚芽は使用できないことが確認できた。
In Example 13 and Example 14, the flavor and texture were improved.
In the sables and sponge cakes of Example 13 and Example 14, the tendency of the texture was almost the same as when the same amount of raw germ powder (not degreased and roasted) was added.
Furthermore, although the tendency of the flavor was the same, both the taste and aroma were slightly lighter than in the case of the raw germ powder that was not defatted.
The sachets of Comparative Examples 15 and 16 had a slightly improved texture, but were poor in flavor and appearance.
Particularly in Comparative Example 16, although the roasted odor was strong for both the sable and the sponge cake, it was not preferable because the burnt odor was felt, the taste was conspicuous, and sweetness and umami were not felt.
Further, the appearance was too unfavorable because the color was too dark.
From this result, it was confirmed that defatted wheat germ (not roasted) can be used to make the raw germ powder of the present invention, but roasted wheat germ cannot be used.

[実施例15〜16、比較例17〜19]
市販の薄力小麦粉1Kg(灰分0.36質量%、胚芽0.0質量%)を比較例17とした。
比較例17と同じ小麦粉990gに生胚芽粉末を10g添加し、実施例15とした。
比較例17と同じ小麦粉950gに生胚芽粉末を50g添加し、実施例16とした。
使用した生胚芽粉末は、実施例1〜5と同様の方法で製造したものである。
比較例17と同じ小麦粉990gに焙煎小麦胚芽粉末を10g添加し、比較例18とした。
比較例17と同じ小麦粉950gに焙煎小麦胚芽粉末を50g添加し、比較例19とした。
使用した焙煎小麦胚芽粉末は、比較例15〜16と同様の方法で製造したものである。
[Examples 15 to 16, Comparative Examples 17 to 19]
Comparative Example 17 was 1 kg of commercially available thin wheat flour (ash content: 0.36% by mass, germ: 0.0% by mass).
Example 15 was made by adding 10 g of raw germ powder to 990 g of the same flour as in Comparative Example 17.
Example 16 was made by adding 50 g of raw germ powder to 950 g of the same flour as in Comparative Example 17.
The raw germ powder used was produced by the same method as in Examples 1-5.
10 g of roasted wheat germ powder was added to 990 g of the same wheat flour as in Comparative Example 17 to obtain Comparative Example 18.
50 g of roasted wheat germ powder was added to 950 g of the same flour as in Comparative Example 17, and Comparative Example 19 was obtained.
The roasted wheat germ powder used was manufactured by the same method as in Comparative Examples 15-16.

実施例15、16および比較例17〜19の小麦粉をクラフト紙の袋に入れ、半年間室温で保存し、1ヶ月毎に官能的に臭いの確認を行った(パネラー5名によるダブルブラインド試験として実施した。)。
その結果、実施例15、16および比較例17の小麦粉につき、試験期間内に酸敗臭(油脂の劣化による臭い)を指摘したパネラーは1名もいなかった。
比較例18は、1箇月経過時点で弱い酸敗臭が感じられ、2箇月経過時点で強い酸敗臭が感じられた。
比較例19は、1箇月経過時点では異臭は感じられなかったが、2箇月経過時点で酸敗臭が感じられた。
比較例18および比較例19は保存性に問題が認められたので、2箇月経過の時点で保存性の確認試験を打ち切った。
The flours of Examples 15 and 16 and Comparative Examples 17 to 19 were put in a kraft paper bag, stored at room temperature for half a year, and odor was checked sensuously every month (as a double blind test by 5 panelists). Carried out.).
As a result, no panelists pointed out an acid odor (odor due to deterioration of fats and oils) within the test period for the flours of Examples 15 and 16 and Comparative Example 17.
In Comparative Example 18, a weak acid odor was felt when one month passed, and a strong acid odor was felt when two months passed.
In Comparative Example 19, no strange odor was felt when one month passed, but an acid odor was felt when two months passed.
Since Comparative Example 18 and Comparative Example 19 had a problem with storage stability, the storage stability confirmation test was discontinued after 2 months.

実施例15、16および比較例17の小麦粉を半年間保存した後に、実施例1〜5と同様の方法でサブレを製造して、加工性を確認した。
その結果、食感および風味の傾向は、生胚芽粉末添加量が等しい実施例1、実施例5および比較例1の場合と同様であった。
すなわち、比較例17と比較して実施例15のサブレはサクサク感、ソフトさ、口溶けおよび風味が優れており、実施例16は実施例15よりもさらに優れていた。
なお、比較例18および比較例19は保存性に問題が認められたため、サブレによる食感及び風味の確認は行わなかった。
この結果より、生胚芽粉末を添加した焼き菓子用小麦粉は、長期の保存が可能なことが確認された。
After the flours of Examples 15 and 16 and Comparative Example 17 were stored for half a year, sables were produced in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 5, and the processability was confirmed.
As a result, the texture and flavor tendencies were the same as in Examples 1, 5 and Comparative Example 1 in which the amount of raw germ powder added was equal.
That is, compared to Comparative Example 17, the sable of Example 15 was superior in crispness, softness, melted mouth and flavor, and Example 16 was further superior to Example 15.
In Comparative Example 18 and Comparative Example 19, since a problem was observed in storage stability, the texture and flavor were not confirmed by the sable.
From this result, it was confirmed that the flour for baked confectionery added with raw germ powder can be stored for a long time.

[比較例20〜21]
市販の小麦胚芽をコーヒーミルで粗粉砕した後に篩い分け、粒径200μm以上400μm未満、および粒径400μm以上600μm未満の胚芽を製造した。
市販の薄力小麦粉291gに粒径200μm以上400μm未満の胚芽を9g添加し、実施例20とした。実施例20の小麦粉の灰分は0.46質量%、胚芽は2.9質量%であった。
市販の薄力小麦粉291gに粒径400μm以上600μm未満の胚芽を9g添加し、実施例21とした。実施例21の小麦粉の灰分は0.46質量%、胚芽は2.9質量%であった。
前記灰分は酢酸マグネシウム添加灰化法により測定したものであり、前記胚芽純度は蛍光光度法により測定したものである。
実施例20および21の小麦粉を使い、実施例1〜5と同様の方法でサブレを製造して評価を行った。
結果を表5に示す。
[Comparative Examples 20-21]
Commercial wheat germ was coarsely pulverized with a coffee mill and sieved to produce germs having a particle size of 200 μm or more and less than 400 μm and a particle size of 400 μm or more and less than 600 μm.
Example 20 was made by adding 9 g of germ having a particle size of 200 μm or more and less than 400 μm to 291 g of commercially available thin wheat flour. The ash content of the flour of Example 20 was 0.46% by mass, and the germ was 2.9% by mass.
Example 21 was made by adding 9 g of germs having a particle size of 400 μm or more and less than 600 μm to 291 g of commercially available thin wheat flour. The ash content of the flour of Example 21 was 0.46% by mass, and the germ was 2.9% by mass.
The ash is measured by ashing with magnesium acetate, and the embryo purity is measured by a fluorometric method.
Using the flours of Examples 20 and 21, sables were produced and evaluated in the same manner as in Examples 1-5.
The results are shown in Table 5.

Figure 2008017836
Figure 2008017836

生胚芽粉末よりもやや粗い生胚芽を使用した場合、風味、硬さ、サクさは改良することができたが、その程度は生胚芽粉末の場合よりも劣った。
さらに、粗めの生胚芽を使用した場合には、外観と口溶けが悪化して好ましくなかった。
特に、生胚芽が粗くなるほど、食べた時にざらつきを感じるようになり、違和感が強くなった。
この結果より、200μmより粗い生胚芽を使う場合には、一部の評価項目には改善が見られるものの、悪化する項目もあるため、総合的には高い改善効果は得られない。
従って、焼き菓子の改良に使用する生胚芽は、粉末状(200μmの篩い抜け)のものが好ましいことが確認された。
When raw germ that was slightly coarser than raw germ powder was used, the flavor, hardness, and crispness could be improved, but the degree was inferior to that of raw germ powder.
Furthermore, when a rough raw embryo was used, the appearance and melting in the mouth deteriorated, which was not preferable.
In particular, the coarser the raw germ, the more rough and uncomfortable it felt when eating.
From this result, when live embryos coarser than 200 μm are used, although some evaluation items are improved, some items are deteriorated, so that a high improvement effect cannot be obtained comprehensively.
Therefore, it was confirmed that the raw germ used for improving the baked confectionery is preferably in the form of powder (200 μm sieve).

[実施例17〜18]
軟質小麦を石臼で製粉することで、生胚芽粉末を多く含んだ小麦粉を製造し、クッキーおよびパウンドケーキによる評価を行った。
実施例17〜18は、精選したアメリカ合衆国産ウエスタンホワイト小麦をフォルマー社製石臼製粉機で製粉した小麦粉であり、篩いの目開きを200μmとして、石臼のギャップにより生胚芽粉末の混入量を調整した。
通常の臼式製粉(篩いの目開きは100〜112μm程度を使用)では、小麦粉への生胚芽粉末の混入量がロール式製粉よりも多いが、1.0質量%には満たない。
ところが、篩いの目開きを200μmとすることで、生胚芽粉末を1.0質量%以上に増量することが可能となる。
実施例17の小麦粉における胚芽の混入量は1.1質量%、灰分は0.57質量%であった。
実施例18の小麦粉における胚芽の混入量は1.5質量%、灰分は0.60質量%であった。
前記胚芽混入量の測定には蛍光光度法を、灰分の測定には酢酸マグネシウム添加灰化法を用いた。
[Examples 17 to 18]
By milling soft wheat with a stone mill, flour containing a large amount of raw germ powder was produced and evaluated with cookies and pound cake.
Examples 17 to 18 are flours obtained by milling carefully selected Western white wheat made in the United States with a Former stone mill, and the amount of the raw germ powder was adjusted by the gap of the stone mill with a sieve opening of 200 μm.
In normal mortar-type milling (using sieve openings of about 100 to 112 μm), the amount of raw germ powder mixed in wheat flour is larger than that in roll milling, but is less than 1.0% by mass.
However, when the mesh opening of the sieve is 200 μm, the raw germ powder can be increased to 1.0% by mass or more.
In the wheat flour of Example 17, the germ content was 1.1% by mass and the ash content was 0.57% by mass.
The germ mixing amount in the wheat flour of Example 18 was 1.5% by mass, and the ash content was 0.60% by mass.
A fluorescence photometric method was used to measure the amount of germ contamination, and a magnesium acetate-added ashing method was used to measure ash content.

クッキーの評価は以下のとおり行った。
(1) バター130gに粉糖90gを加え、ミキサーで2分間混合した。
(2) 卵黄(鶏卵)30gを加え、2分間混合した。
(3) 小麦粉200g、アーモンドプードル50g、食塩1.4gを加えて1分間混合し、生地とした。
(4) 生地をφ3cmの円柱状に整形し、冷凍した後に1cmの幅の円盤状に切断した。
(5) 生地を天板に並べ、170℃のオーブンで14分間焼成した。
(6) 室温で冷却した後に評価した。
The evaluation of cookies was performed as follows.
(1) 90 g of powdered sugar was added to 130 g of butter and mixed with a mixer for 2 minutes.
(2) 30 g of egg yolk (chicken egg) was added and mixed for 2 minutes.
(3) 200 g of flour, 50 g of almond poodle, and 1.4 g of sodium chloride were added and mixed for 1 minute to obtain a dough.
(4) The dough was shaped into a cylindrical shape of φ3 cm, frozen, and then cut into a disk shape having a width of 1 cm.
(5) The fabrics were arranged on a top board and baked in an oven at 170 ° C. for 14 minutes.
(6) Evaluated after cooling at room temperature.

パウンドケーキの評価は以下のとおり行った。
(1) 小麦粉200g、ベーキングパウダー4g、上白糖180g、バター180gをミキサーで2分30秒間混合した。
(2) 鶏卵(全卵)180gを加え4分間混合した。
(3) パウンドケーキ用の型に350gの生地を詰めた。
(4) 170℃のオーブンで40分間焼成した。
(5) 室温で冷却した後に評価した。
The evaluation of the pound cake was performed as follows.
(1) 200 g of flour, 4 g of baking powder, 180 g of super white sugar, and 180 g of butter were mixed for 2 minutes and 30 seconds with a mixer.
(2) Chicken egg (whole egg) 180g was added and mixed for 4 minutes.
(3) 350 g of dough was packed in a mold for a pound cake.
(4) It baked for 40 minutes in 170 degreeC oven.
(5) Evaluated after cooling at room temperature.

評価項目は、クッキーにおいては製菓時作業性、製品外観、ソフトさ、サクサク感、口溶け、風味の6項目、パウンドケーキにおいては製菓時作業性、製品外観、ソフトさ、口溶け、風味の5項目とした。   The evaluation items are confectionery workability, product appearance, softness, crispness, mouth melting, and flavor for cookies, and confectionery workability, product appearance, softness, mouth melting, and flavor for pound cakes. did.

評価は熟練のパネラー10名による官能試験により以下に示す7段階で数値化し、その平均を評価結果とした。
7点 非常に優れる
6点 優れる
5点 やや優れる
4点 普通
3点 やや劣る
2点 劣る
1点 非常に劣る
製菓時の作業性は、加工を行った製菓技術者2名が評価を行い、前記の7段階で数値化して、2名の平均を取った。
クッキーの評価結果を表6に、パウンドケーキの評価結果を表7に示す。
The evaluation was quantified in the following seven stages by a sensory test by 10 skilled panelists, and the average was used as the evaluation result.
7 points Excellent 6 points Excellent 5 points Somewhat excellent 4 points Normal 3 points Somewhat inferior 2 points Inferior 1 point Very inferior Workability during confectionery is evaluated by two confectionery engineers who have processed It was digitized in 7 stages and the average of 2 people was taken.
Table 6 shows the evaluation results of the cookies, and Table 7 shows the evaluation results of the pound cake.

Figure 2008017836
Figure 2008017836

Figure 2008017836
Figure 2008017836

比較例1および比較例8の市販の薄力小麦粉に比較して、生胚芽混入量を増やした石臼挽き小麦粉では、食感、風味ともに大幅な改善がみられた。
この結果から、生胚芽粉末は予め粉砕したものを小麦粉に添加する方法だけでなく、小麦粉製造時に胚乳とともに粉砕しても良いことが確認された。
Compared with the commercially available thin wheat flour of Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 8, the milled wheat flour with an increased amount of raw germ mixture showed significant improvement in both texture and flavor.
From this result, it was confirmed that the raw germ powder may be pulverized with the endosperm during the production of the flour as well as the method of adding the pulverized powder to the flour.

[実施例19〜22、比較例22〜23]
実施例18の小麦粉にふすま粉末を混合し、灰分値を変えた小麦粉(実施例19〜22、比較例22〜23)を製造した。
ふすま粉末は、市販の小麦ふすまを目開き1mmの篩いにかけ、そのオーバーをレッチェ社製超遠心粉砕機により粉砕し、目開き200μmの篩いの抜けとして回収したものであり、生胚芽粉末の混入量は1.4質量%、灰分は4.96質量%であった。
実施例19の小麦粉における生胚芽粉末の混入量は1.5質量%、灰分は0.70質量%であった。
実施例20の小麦粉における生胚芽粉末の混入量は1.5質量%、灰分は0.80質量%であった。
実施例21の小麦粉における生胚芽粉末の混入量は1.5質量%、灰分は0.90質量%であった。
実施例22の小麦粉における生胚芽粉末の混入量は1.5質量%、灰分は1.00質量%であった。
比較例22の小麦粉における生胚芽粉末の混入量は1.5質量%、灰分は1.10質量%であった。
比較例23の小麦粉における生胚芽粉末の混入量は1.5質量%、灰分は1.20質量%であった。
なお、ふすま粉末の胚芽混入量の測定には蛍光光度法を、灰分の測定には酢酸マグネシウム添加灰化法を用いた。
実施例19〜22および比較例22〜23の胚芽混入量と灰分は、ふすま粉末と実施例18の分析結果からの計算値である。
実施例19〜22および比較例22〜23の小麦粉を用い、実施例17〜18と同様の方法でサブレによる評価を行った。
結果を表8に示す。
[Examples 19 to 22, Comparative Examples 22 to 23]
The wheat flour of Example 18 was mixed with bran powder to produce wheat flour (Examples 19 to 22 and Comparative Examples 22 to 23) with different ash values.
The bran powder is obtained by putting a commercially available wheat bran on a 1 mm sieve and pulverizing it with an ultracentrifugal crusher manufactured by Lecce, and collecting it as a 200 μm sieve sieve. Was 1.4% by mass, and the ash content was 4.96% by mass.
The mixing amount of the raw germ powder in the wheat flour of Example 19 was 1.5 mass%, and the ash content was 0.70 mass%.
The mixing amount of the raw germ powder in the wheat flour of Example 20 was 1.5% by mass, and the ash content was 0.80% by mass.
The mixing amount of the raw germ powder in the wheat flour of Example 21 was 1.5% by mass, and the ash content was 0.90% by mass.
The mixing amount of the raw germ powder in the wheat flour of Example 22 was 1.5% by mass, and the ash content was 1.00% by mass.
The mixing amount of the raw germ powder in the wheat flour of Comparative Example 22 was 1.5 mass%, and the ash content was 1.10 mass%.
The mixing amount of the raw germ powder in the wheat flour of Comparative Example 23 was 1.5% by mass, and the ash content was 1.20% by mass.
In addition, the fluorescence photometric method was used for the measurement of the germ mixing amount of the bran powder, and the magnesium acetate addition ashing method was used for the measurement of the ash content.
The germ mixing amounts and ash contents of Examples 19 to 22 and Comparative Examples 22 to 23 are calculated values from the bran powder and the analysis results of Example 18.
Using the flours of Examples 19 to 22 and Comparative Examples 22 to 23, evaluation by sable was performed in the same manner as in Examples 17 to 18.
The results are shown in Table 8.

Figure 2008017836
Figure 2008017836

灰分が高くなると、0.90質量%でふすま臭とにが味、えぐ味を極わずかに感じるようになり、1.10質量%以上で前述の不快な風味(特に、にが味とえぐ味を伴う後味)が顕著になった。
さらに、灰分が1.10質量%以上では、ざらつきが残り口溶けが劣るとともに、色調も目立って悪化した。
これらの結果より、本発明の焼き菓子用小麦粉は、灰分が1.00質量%以下である必要がある。
風味、食感、外観の悪化は灰分が1.10質量%以上で顕著となるが、表8の評価では灰分0.90質量%の実施例21からその兆候が現れている。
したがって、灰分を0.80質量%以下に抑えると、なおいっそう好ましいといえる。
When the ash content becomes high, the taste and taste of bran will be felt slightly at 0.90% by mass, and the above-mentioned unpleasant flavor (especially niga and taste) at 1.10% by mass or more. The aftertaste with) became prominent.
Further, when the ash content was 1.10% by mass or more, the roughness remained and the melted mouth was inferior, and the color tone was noticeably deteriorated.
From these results, the ash content of the flour for baked confectionery of the present invention needs to be 1.00% by mass or less.
Deterioration of flavor, texture, and appearance becomes significant when the ash content is 1.10% by mass or more, but in the evaluation of Table 8, the signs appear from Example 21 where the ash content is 0.90% by mass.
Therefore, it can be said that it is even more preferable to suppress the ash content to 0.80% by mass or less.

[実施例23〜26、比較例24〜25]
澱粉の効果を確認するために、小麦粉に澱粉と生胚芽粉末を加え、サブレとスポンジケーキを製造した。
実施例23〜26および比較例24〜25で使用した小麦粉は市販の薄力小麦粉(灰分0.37質量%、胚芽0.0質量%)であり、澱粉は市販の小麦澱粉(灰分0.30質量%、胚芽0.0質量%)である。
胚芽は、実施例1〜5で使用したものと同様の方法で製造した生胚芽粉末であり、灰分3.61質量%、胚芽99.6質量%であった。
実施例23〜26および比較例24〜25の小麦粉、小麦澱粉及び胚芽は表9に示す比率で配合した。
[Examples 23 to 26, Comparative Examples 24 to 25]
In order to confirm the effect of starch, starch and raw germ powder were added to wheat flour to produce a sable and sponge cake.
The wheat flour used in Examples 23 to 26 and Comparative Examples 24 to 25 is commercially available thin wheat flour (ash content 0.37% by mass, germ 0.0% by mass), and starch is commercially available wheat starch (ash content 0.30). Mass%, germ 0.0 mass%).
The embryo was a raw embryo powder produced by the same method as used in Examples 1 to 5, and had an ash content of 3.61% by mass and an embryo of 99.6% by mass.
The wheat flour, wheat starch and germs of Examples 23 to 26 and Comparative Examples 24 to 25 were blended in the ratios shown in Table 9.

Figure 2008017836
Figure 2008017836

実施例1〜5と同様にサブレを作り評価した。
結果を表10に示す。
Sables were made and evaluated in the same manner as in Examples 1-5.
The results are shown in Table 10.

Figure 2008017836
Figure 2008017836

実施例6〜10と同様の方法でスポンジケーキを作り評価した。
結果を表11に示す。
A sponge cake was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Examples 6-10.
The results are shown in Table 11.

Figure 2008017836
Figure 2008017836

サブレおよびスポンジケーキの評価より、小麦粉と澱粉の合計に対する生胚芽粉末の添加量が1から5質量%の範囲のときに、美味な焼き菓子が製造できることが確認された。   From the evaluation of the sable and the sponge cake, it was confirmed that a delicious baked confectionery could be produced when the amount of raw germ powder added to the total of wheat flour and starch was in the range of 1 to 5% by mass.

[実施例27]
実施例23〜26および比較例24〜25と同様の方法で、澱粉だけ市販のコーンスターチ(灰分0.12質量%、胚芽0.0質量%)に変えてサブレおよびスポンジケーキを試作し、評価を行った。
その結果は表9および表10の小麦澱粉使用時とほとんど同じであり、生胚芽粉末の添加量が1から5質量%のときに、美味な焼き菓子が製造できることが確認された。
[Example 27]
In the same manner as in Examples 23 to 26 and Comparative Examples 24 to 25, only starch was replaced with commercially available corn starch (ash content 0.12% by mass, germ 0.0% by mass) to produce a sable and a sponge cake, and evaluation was performed. went.
The results were almost the same as when using wheat starch in Table 9 and Table 10, and it was confirmed that a delicious baked confectionery could be produced when the amount of raw germ powder added was 1 to 5% by mass.

[実施例28]
実施例23〜26および比較例24〜25と同様の方法で、小麦澱粉を市販のうるち米粉(灰分0.28質量%、胚芽0.0質量%)に変えてサブレおよびスポンジケーキを試作し、評価を行った。
その結果は表9および表10の小麦澱粉使用時とほとんど同じであり、生胚芽粉末の添加量が1から5質量%のときに、美味な焼き菓子が製造できることが確認された。
[Example 28]
In the same manner as in Examples 23 to 26 and Comparative Examples 24 to 25, the wheat starch was changed to commercially available glutinous rice flour (ash content 0.28% by mass, germ 0.0% by mass) to produce a sable and a sponge cake, Evaluation was performed.
The results were almost the same as when using wheat starch in Table 9 and Table 10, and it was confirmed that a delicious baked confectionery could be produced when the amount of raw germ powder added was 1 to 5% by mass.

[実施例29]
実施例23〜26および比較例24〜25と同様の方法で、小麦澱粉を市販のコーンフラワー(灰分0.34質量%、胚芽0.0質量%)に変えてサブレおよびスポンジケーキを試作し、評価を行った。
その結果、サブレとスポンジには焼きとうもろこし風の香りが少し付加されており、胚芽混合比1〜2質量%のときには胚芽から発生する風味と合わさって良好な風味となった。(混合比4〜5質量%では、焼きとうもろこしの香りは、胚芽由来の香りの陰に隠れてしまうが。)
最終的な評価は、表9および表10の小麦澱粉使用時とほとんど同じであり、生胚芽粉末の添加量が1から5質量%のときに、美味な焼き菓子が製造できることが確認された。
[Example 29]
In the same manner as in Examples 23 to 26 and Comparative Examples 24 to 25, wheat starch was changed to commercially available corn flour (ash content 0.34% by mass, germ 0.0% by mass) to produce a sable and a sponge cake, Evaluation was performed.
As a result, a savory corn-like scent was added to the sable and sponge, and when the germ mixing ratio was 1 to 2% by mass, it was combined with the flavor generated from the germ, resulting in a good flavor. (If the mixing ratio is 4 to 5% by mass, the scent of baked corn is hidden behind the scent of germs.)
The final evaluation was almost the same as when using wheat starch in Table 9 and Table 10, and it was confirmed that a delicious baked confectionery could be produced when the amount of raw germ powder added was 1 to 5% by mass.

[実施例30]
実施例1,3,5および比較例2、3と同じ方法で生胚芽風末入り小麦粉を作成し、サブレとスポンジケーキによる評価を行った。
ただし、生胚芽粉末としてとうもろこし胚芽の粉砕物を使用した。
前記とうもろこし胚芽の生胚芽粉末は、粒状の胚芽を目視で100質量%の純度となるように選別してから、実施例1〜5に使用した小麦胚芽の生胚芽粉末と同じ方法で調製しており、灰分6.74質量%であった。
使用した市販の薄力小麦粉は灰分0.38質量%、胚芽0.0質量%であった。
試作したサブレとスポンジケーキの評価は、実施例1,3,5および比較例2、3とほぼ同じとなり、ソフトさ、サクサク感、口溶けといった食感は、胚芽添加量1〜5質量%の時に良好であった。
また、風味も胚芽添加量1〜5質量%の時に良好となったが、発生した香りは焼きとうもろこしの香りに似ており、ユニークな風味の焼き菓子に仕上がった。
[Example 30]
Raw flour-containing flour was prepared in the same manner as in Examples 1, 3, 5 and Comparative Examples 2 and 3, and evaluated with a sable and sponge cake.
However, a ground product of corn germ was used as the raw germ powder.
The raw germ powder of the corn germ is prepared by the same method as the raw germ powder of the wheat germ used in Examples 1 to 5, after selecting the granular germ to be 100% by mass purity visually. The ash content was 6.74% by mass.
The commercially available thin wheat flour used had an ash content of 0.38% by mass and a germ of 0.0% by mass.
The evaluation of the prototype sable and sponge cake is almost the same as in Examples 1, 3, 5 and Comparative Examples 2, 3. It was good.
In addition, the flavor became good when the added amount of germ was 1 to 5% by mass, but the generated scent resembled the scent of baked corn, and finished with a unique flavored baked confectionery.

Claims (4)

生胚芽粉末を穀粉中1.0〜5.0質量%含み、前記穀粉の灰分が1.00質量%以下である焼き菓子用穀粉。   A flour for baked confectionery, comprising 1.0 to 5.0 mass% of raw germ powder in the flour, and the ash content of the flour is 1.00 mass% or less. 生胚芽粉末を小麦粉中1.0〜5.0質量%含み、前記小麦粉の灰分が1.00質量%以下である焼き菓子用小麦粉。   Wheat flour for baked confectionery, comprising 1.0 to 5.0% by mass of raw germ powder in wheat flour, and the ash content of the flour is 1.00% by mass or less. 請求項1に記載の焼き菓子用穀粉を使用して製造した焼き菓子。   The baked confectionery manufactured using the flour for baked confectionery of Claim 1. 請求項2に記載の焼き菓子用小麦粉を使用して製造した焼き菓子。
The baked confectionery manufactured using the flour for baked confectionery of Claim 2.
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Cited By (8)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008029210A (en) * 2006-07-26 2008-02-14 Nippon Flour Mills Co Ltd Cereal flour for bread containing raw embryo powder and bread produced by using the same
JP2012239399A (en) * 2011-05-17 2012-12-10 Nippon Shokuhin Kako Co Ltd Starch cracker, and method for producing the same
JP2014014299A (en) * 2012-07-06 2014-01-30 Nitsukoku Seifun Kk Buckwheat mixed powder for instant galette and method for manufacturing the same
CN104472644A (en) * 2015-01-04 2015-04-01 通海康美食品有限公司 Yunnan ham sparassis crispa mooncake and processing method thereof
CN104757107A (en) * 2015-04-27 2015-07-08 天津商业大学 Method for processing instant jerusalem artichoke soft cans
CN104770431A (en) * 2014-12-31 2015-07-15 湖北万荷堂莲业发展有限公司 Production technology of no-sucrose moon cake
CN106135394A (en) * 2015-04-27 2016-11-23 天津商业大学 A kind of processing method of instant young Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens soft canned
JP2017006055A (en) * 2015-06-23 2017-01-12 佐々木 了子 Method for producing baking soda rice cracker

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JP2008029210A (en) * 2006-07-26 2008-02-14 Nippon Flour Mills Co Ltd Cereal flour for bread containing raw embryo powder and bread produced by using the same
JP4570595B2 (en) * 2006-07-26 2010-10-27 日本製粉株式会社 Bread flour containing raw germ powder and bread using the same
JP2012239399A (en) * 2011-05-17 2012-12-10 Nippon Shokuhin Kako Co Ltd Starch cracker, and method for producing the same
JP2014014299A (en) * 2012-07-06 2014-01-30 Nitsukoku Seifun Kk Buckwheat mixed powder for instant galette and method for manufacturing the same
CN104770431A (en) * 2014-12-31 2015-07-15 湖北万荷堂莲业发展有限公司 Production technology of no-sucrose moon cake
CN104472644A (en) * 2015-01-04 2015-04-01 通海康美食品有限公司 Yunnan ham sparassis crispa mooncake and processing method thereof
CN104757107A (en) * 2015-04-27 2015-07-08 天津商业大学 Method for processing instant jerusalem artichoke soft cans
CN106135394A (en) * 2015-04-27 2016-11-23 天津商业大学 A kind of processing method of instant young Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens soft canned
JP2017006055A (en) * 2015-06-23 2017-01-12 佐々木 了子 Method for producing baking soda rice cracker

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