JP2007255785A - Heat exchanger with fin and air conditioner - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a heat exchanger with a fin, having high heat exchange efficiency. <P>SOLUTION: This heat exchanger includes: heat transfer pipes 41a to 42c penetrating the fin 2 substantially at right angles, allowing a refrigerant to circulate through the interior, and having three or more kinds of outside diameters (D), wherein in the windward area, the heat transfer pipes 41a to 41a gradually increased in outside diameter within the range of 5.0≤D≤7.0 mm as it goes from the upstream of the refrigerant to the downstream, and in the leeward area, the heat transfer pipes 42a to 42c in the range of 7.0≤D≤9.6 mm are disposed, when the heat transfer pipes 42a to 42c are utilized as a condenser or a gas cooler, two or more columns are constructed in the same column direction as the gas flowing direction as the heat transfer pipes rather closer to the refrigerant inlet, when they are utilized as an evaporator, they are constructed similarly as the heat transfer pipe rather closer to the refrigerant outlet, and in the case of using those as the evaporator, while lowering of heat transfer coefficient due to a sudden drop of flow velocity is restrained, the flow velocity of the refrigerant is increased and also increasing internal friction loss of the heat transfer pipes 41a to 42c can be gently reduced to exhibit high heat exchange capacity. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、ヒートポンプ式空気調和機などに利用されるフィン付き熱交換器及びそれを用いた空気調和機に関するものである。   TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a finned heat exchanger used for a heat pump type air conditioner and the like and an air conditioner using the same.

空気調和機の冷凍サイクルを構成している室外ユニットの中に組み込まれた従来のフィン付き熱交換器は、熱交換器能力が小さい場合には、冷媒の循環量が少なく、伝熱管内の圧力損失が小さい為、冷媒が流通する伝熱管のパス数を減らして比較的外径の小さい伝熱管を用い、逆に熱交換器能力が大きく、循環量が大きくなる場合には、伝熱管内の圧力損失が大きくなり、複数の冷媒通路が必要である為に多パス化したり、もしくは外径の大きい伝熱管が必要となってくる。   The conventional finned heat exchanger incorporated in the outdoor unit constituting the refrigeration cycle of the air conditioner has a small amount of refrigerant circulation when the heat exchanger capacity is small, and the pressure in the heat transfer tube Since the loss is small, the number of heat transfer tube paths through which the refrigerant flows is reduced and heat transfer tubes with a relatively small outer diameter are used. Conversely, when the heat exchanger capacity is large and the circulation rate is large, Since the pressure loss becomes large and a plurality of refrigerant passages are necessary, a multi-pass or a heat transfer tube having a large outer diameter is required.

ここで、図４を用いて、熱交換効率を向上させる為に工夫された室外用のフィン付き熱交換器であり、空気と冷媒がフィン付き熱交換器１のフィン２を介して効率良く熱交換できるように送風機７が設けられており、また、伝熱管４１の外径が空気の流入方向に対する方向である１列目の熱交換器１１と２列目の熱交換器１２で異なるように、伝熱管４１、４２が組み合わされた室外用のフィン付き熱交換器１台を蒸発器として使用した場合について説明する。   Here, FIG. 4 shows an outdoor finned heat exchanger devised to improve the heat exchange efficiency. Air and refrigerant are efficiently heated via the fins 2 of the finned heat exchanger 1. The blower 7 is provided so that it can be exchanged, and the outer diameter of the heat transfer tube 41 is different between the heat exchanger 11 in the first row and the heat exchanger 12 in the second row, which is the direction with respect to the air inflow direction. A case where one outdoor finned heat exchanger combined with the heat transfer tubes 41 and 42 is used as an evaporator will be described.

図４に示すような従来のフィン付き熱交換器１が蒸発器として使用される場合、冷媒が流入する分岐管３が空気の上流側となる右側に接合されている。分岐管３に流入した冷媒は１列目の熱交換器１１に連通するヘアピン形状の伝熱管４１をＵ字管５１で繋いて冷媒流通路を形成して、この冷媒流通路の中を通過しながら、各伝熱管４１に密着したフィン２を介して空気と熱交換を行い、更にガス化した冷媒は、空気の下流側となる２列目の熱交換器１２に連通するヘアピン形状の伝熱管４２をＵ字管５２で繋いだ冷媒流路を通過して分岐管６から流出する。この時、冷媒のガス化と共に増加して生じる伝熱管４２内部での摩擦による圧力損失をできるだけ少なくなるように１列目の伝熱管４１よりも２列目の伝熱管４２の外径を大きくしている。   When the conventional finned heat exchanger 1 as shown in FIG. 4 is used as an evaporator, the branch pipe 3 into which the refrigerant flows is joined to the right side which is the upstream side of the air. The refrigerant flowing into the branch pipe 3 forms a refrigerant flow path by connecting a hairpin-shaped heat transfer pipe 41 communicating with the heat exchanger 11 in the first row by a U-shaped pipe 51, and passes through the refrigerant flow path. However, the heat exchange with the air is performed through the fins 2 that are in close contact with the heat transfer tubes 41, and the gasified refrigerant further communicates with the heat exchanger 12 in the second row on the downstream side of the air. The refrigerant flows out of the branch pipe 6 through a refrigerant flow path in which 42 is connected by a U-shaped pipe 52. At this time, the outer diameter of the heat transfer tube 42 in the second row is made larger than that of the heat transfer tube 41 in the first row so that the pressure loss due to friction inside the heat transfer tube 42, which increases as the refrigerant gasifies, is minimized. ing.

また、フィン付き熱交換器１を凝縮器として使用した場合は、図示しない冷凍サイクル中の四方弁の切換えにより圧縮機より吐出された冷媒の流れる方向が異なり、図４に示すフィン付き熱交換器１の場合、圧縮機より吐出された高温高圧の単相の過熱冷媒ガスが空気の下流側となる２列目の熱交換器１２の分岐管６より流入し、各冷媒流路を形成するＵ字管５２を通過しながら、２列目のヘアピン形状の伝熱管４２から１列目のヘアピン形状の伝熱管４１へ流れ、各ヘアピン形状の伝熱管４１、４２に密着したフィン２を介して空気と熱交換を行い、凝縮液化した冷媒は分岐管３より流出する。   When the finned heat exchanger 1 is used as a condenser, the flow direction of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor is changed by switching a four-way valve in a refrigeration cycle (not shown), and the finned heat exchanger shown in FIG. In the case of 1, the high-temperature and high-pressure single-phase superheated refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor flows in from the branch pipe 6 of the heat exchanger 12 in the second row on the downstream side of the air to form each refrigerant flow path. While passing through the tube 52, the air flows from the hairpin-shaped heat transfer tube 42 in the second row to the hairpin-shaped heat transfer tube 41 in the first row, and the air passes through the fins 2 that are in close contact with the hairpin-shaped heat transfer tubes 41, 42. The refrigerant that is condensed and liquefied flows out of the branch pipe 3.

従来のこのような空気調和機用の２列以上の熱交換器の熱交換効率を良好にした構成例としては、１列目から４列目の間の熱交換器の伝熱管の外径を列ごとに変化させて（例えば、特許文献１参照）室外熱交換器として利用したものや、また、１列目と２列目の伝熱管の外径を空気の流入上流部の方が大きくなるように構成して、空気調和機の室内ユニットに搭載し、熱交換器全体が効率良く運転できるようにしたものもある（例えば、特許文献２参照）。
特開２００３−２１４８５号公報（７頁、第６図） 実開平２−１２８０１５号公報（３頁、第１図） As an example of a configuration in which the heat exchange efficiency of the conventional heat exchanger of two or more rows for such an air conditioner is improved, the outer diameter of the heat exchanger tube of the heat exchanger between the first row to the fourth row is set as follows. Changed for each row (for example, refer to Patent Document 1) and used as an outdoor heat exchanger, and the outer diameter of the heat transfer tubes in the first row and the second row becomes larger in the upstream portion of the air inflow There is also a configuration in which the heat exchanger is installed in an indoor unit of an air conditioner so that the entire heat exchanger can be operated efficiently (for example, see Patent Document 2).
JP 2003-21485 (page 7, FIG. 6) Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 2-128015 (page 3, Fig. 1)

しかしながら、上記特許文献１、２に開示されたフィン付き熱交換器では、蒸発器として利用した場合に、列ごとに伝熱管の外径を変化させている為に、冷媒が蒸発してガス化と共に大きく増加する伝熱管の内部の管壁の摩擦抵抗を徐々に減少させるには限界があった。更には、空気の風下となる２列目全てに外径の大きい伝熱管を配置しているために、空気が通過する際に通風抵抗が大きくなり性能を大きく低下させる要因になっていた。   However, in the finned heat exchangers disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2, when used as an evaporator, the outer diameter of the heat transfer tube is changed for each row, so that the refrigerant evaporates and gasifies. There was a limit to gradually reducing the frictional resistance of the tube wall inside the heat transfer tube, which increased with the increase. Furthermore, since the heat transfer tubes having a large outer diameter are arranged in all the second rows that are leeward of the air, the airflow resistance increases when the air passes, causing a significant decrease in performance.

また、フィン付き熱交換器を凝縮器として利用した場合では、冷媒が凝縮して単相の過冷却液となった場合に冷媒の熱伝達率が大きく低下するので、凝縮器の出口付近で過冷却液の取れる箇所での部分細径ができないために、蒸発器および凝縮器の性能を大きく低下させてしまうという課題があった。   When a finned heat exchanger is used as a condenser, the heat transfer coefficient of the refrigerant is greatly reduced when the refrigerant condenses into a single-phase supercooled liquid. There is a problem in that the performance of the evaporator and the condenser is greatly deteriorated because the diameter of the portion where the coolant can be taken cannot be reduced.

本発明はこのような従来の課題を解決するもので、蒸発器では摩擦抵抗の変化に応じて徐々に細管化したり、凝縮器では冷媒流速を上げて熱伝達率を向上させるなどの工夫をして最適化を図り、蒸発器および凝縮器としての性能を向上させることができるフィン付き熱交換器を提供することを目的とするものである。   The present invention solves such a conventional problem, and the evaporator is gradually reduced according to the change of the frictional resistance, and the condenser is devised to increase the heat flow rate by increasing the refrigerant flow rate. It is an object of the present invention to provide a finned heat exchanger that can be optimized and improve the performance as an evaporator and a condenser.

上記従来の課題を解決するために、本発明のフィン付き熱交換器は、所定の間隔で平行に並べられた複数のフィンと、前記フィンに略直角に貫通して冷媒が内部を流通すると共に外径寸法（Ｄ）が３種類以上の伝熱管とを備え、風上側に、前記冷媒の上流から下流にかけて順次、５．０≦Ｄ≦７．０ｍｍの範囲で外径寸法が大きくなる伝熱管を配置し、風下側に、７．０≦Ｄ≦９．６ｍｍの範囲の伝熱管を配置し、風下側の前記伝熱管を、フィン付き熱交換器を凝縮器またはガスクーラーとして利用する場合は、冷媒入口寄りの伝熱管とし、蒸発器として利用する場合は、冷媒出口寄りの伝熱管とし、前記フィンを通る気体の主流方向と同方向の列方向に２列以上で構成したもので、蒸発器として利用する場合には、急激な流速の低下に伴う熱伝達率の低下を抑えながら冷媒の流速の増加と共に増大する伝熱管の内部の管壁との摩擦損失を緩やかに低減でき、高い熱交換能力を発揮することができる上に、通風抵抗を余り上げることなく、高い空気側の熱伝達率を得ることがで、同一騒音時の風量を向上させて高い熱交換能力を発揮することができる。又、風下側に、７．０≦Ｄ≦９．６ｍｍの範囲の伝熱管を配置し、当該熱交換器を凝縮器またはガスクーラーとして利用する場合は冷媒入口寄りの伝熱管として、蒸発器として利用する場合は冷媒出口寄りの伝熱管として、気体の主流方向に沿う方向となる列方向に２列以上で構成したことにより熱交換能力を向上させることが可能となる。   In order to solve the above-described conventional problems, a heat exchanger with fins according to the present invention includes a plurality of fins arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval, and a refrigerant that passes through the fins at a substantially right angle and flows through the fins. A heat transfer tube having three or more types of outer diameter dimensions (D), and the outer diameter dimension increases in the range of 5.0 ≦ D ≦ 7.0 mm sequentially from the upstream side to the downstream side of the refrigerant on the windward side. When a heat transfer tube in the range of 7.0 ≦ D ≦ 9.6 mm is disposed on the leeward side, and the heat exchanger tube on the leeward side is used as a condenser or gas cooler with a finned heat exchanger When using as a heat transfer tube near the refrigerant inlet and as an evaporator, the heat transfer tube near the refrigerant outlet is composed of two or more rows in the same row direction as the main flow direction of the gas passing through the fins. When using as a vacuum vessel, it is accompanied by a sudden drop in flow velocity. Friction loss with the inner wall of the heat transfer tube, which increases as the flow rate of the refrigerant increases, while suppressing a decrease in the transfer rate, can be gradually reduced, and high heat exchange capability can be demonstrated. Without obtaining a high heat transfer coefficient on the air side, it is possible to improve the air volume during the same noise and to exhibit a high heat exchange capability. In addition, a heat transfer tube in the range of 7.0 ≦ D ≦ 9.6 mm is arranged on the leeward side. When the heat exchanger is used as a condenser or a gas cooler, as a heat transfer tube near the refrigerant inlet, as an evaporator When used, the heat transfer tubes closer to the refrigerant outlet can be improved in heat exchange capacity by being configured in two or more rows in the row direction along the main gas flow direction.

また、本発明の空気調和機は、請求項１〜５のいずれか１項に記載のフィン付き熱交換器を用いたもので、フィン付き熱交換器の熱交換効率が高いので、小型で、空調効率に優れた空気調和機を提供することができる。   Moreover, the air conditioner of the present invention uses the heat exchanger with fins according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger with fins is high. An air conditioner having excellent air conditioning efficiency can be provided.

本発明のフィン付き熱交換器は、熱交換効率が非常に高いものである。   The finned heat exchanger of the present invention has a very high heat exchange efficiency.

第１の発明は、所定の間隔で平行に並べられた複数のフィンと、前記フィンに略直角に貫通して冷媒が内部を流通すると共に外径寸法（Ｄ）が３種類以上の伝熱管とを備え、風上側に、前記冷媒の上流から下流にかけて順次、５．０≦Ｄ≦７．０ｍｍの範囲で外径寸法が大きくなる伝熱管を配置し、風下側に、７．０≦Ｄ≦９．６ｍｍの範囲の伝熱管を配置し、風下側の前記伝熱管を、フィン付き熱交換器を凝縮器またはガスクーラーとして利用する場合は、冷媒入口寄りの伝熱管とし、蒸発器として利用する場合は、冷媒出口寄りの伝熱管とし、前記フィンを通る気体の主流方向と同方向の列方向に２列以上で構成した
もので、蒸発器として利用する場合には、急激な流速の低下に伴う熱伝達率の低下を抑えながら冷媒の流速の増加と共に増大する伝熱管の内部の管壁との摩擦損失を緩やかに低減でき、高い熱交換能力を発揮することができる上に、通風抵抗を余り上げることなく、高い空気側の熱伝達率を得ることがで、同一騒音時の風量を向上させて高い熱交換能力を発揮することができる。又、風下側に、７．０≦Ｄ≦９．６ｍｍの範囲の伝熱管を配置し、当該熱交換器を凝縮器またはガスクーラーとして利用する場合は冷媒入口寄りの伝熱管として、蒸発器として利用する場合は冷媒出口寄りの伝熱管として気体の主流方向に沿う方向となる列方向に２列以上で構成したことにより熱交換能力を向上させることが可能となる。 According to a first aspect of the present invention, there are provided a plurality of fins arranged in parallel at predetermined intervals, a heat transfer tube having three or more kinds of outer diameter dimensions (D) passing through the fins at a substantially right angle and circulating through the inside. A heat transfer tube whose outer diameter increases in a range of 5.0 ≦ D ≦ 7.0 mm in order from the upstream side to the downstream side of the refrigerant, and 7.0 ≦ D ≦ When a heat transfer tube in the range of 9.6 mm is arranged, and the finned heat exchanger is used as a condenser or a gas cooler, the leeward heat transfer tube is used as an evaporator near the refrigerant inlet and as an evaporator. In this case, the heat transfer tube is close to the refrigerant outlet, and is composed of two or more rows in the same row direction as the main flow direction of the gas passing through the fins. Along with the increase in refrigerant flow velocity while suppressing the accompanying decrease in heat transfer coefficient Friction loss with the tube wall inside the larger heat transfer tube can be reduced gently, high heat exchange capability can be demonstrated, and high air side heat transfer coefficient can be obtained without excessively increasing ventilation resistance However, it is possible to improve the air volume at the time of the same noise and to exhibit a high heat exchange capability. In addition, a heat transfer tube in the range of 7.0 ≦ D ≦ 9.6 mm is arranged on the leeward side. When the heat exchanger is used as a condenser or a gas cooler, as a heat transfer tube near the refrigerant inlet, as an evaporator When used, the heat exchange capacity near the refrigerant outlet can be improved by having two or more rows in the row direction along the main flow direction of the gas.

第２の発明は、特に、第１の発明の小能力で低循環量の熱交換器の構成を必要とする場合は、２パス以下にして冷媒を流すようにして構成したもので、伝熱管内の熱伝達率を向上させるとともに空気と冷媒の温度差に関し対向流的な配置となるので、熱交換能力を増大させることができ、冷媒の流速を上げて冷媒側の熱伝達率を上げて熱交換能力を向上させることが可能となる。   The second invention is configured to flow the refrigerant with two or less passes, particularly when the configuration of the low capacity and low circulation amount heat exchanger of the first invention is required. Since the heat transfer coefficient in the pipe is improved and the counterflow arrangement is made with respect to the temperature difference between the air and the refrigerant, the heat exchange capacity can be increased, and the flow rate of the refrigerant is increased to increase the heat transfer coefficient on the refrigerant side. It becomes possible to improve heat exchange capability.

第３の発明は、特に、第１の発明の大能力で高循環量の熱交換器の構成を必要とする場合は、３パス以上にして冷媒を流すようにして構成したもので、蒸発器として利用する場合に冷媒の流速の増加と共に増大する伝熱管の内部の管壁との摩擦損失を低減させることができ、循環量が大きい場合でも高い管内熱伝達率と低い冷媒流通抵抗を両立させて、熱交換能力を増大させることができる。   The third aspect of the invention is configured so that the refrigerant flows through three or more passes, particularly when the configuration of the high capacity and high circulation amount heat exchanger of the first aspect of the invention is required. The friction loss with the tube wall inside the heat transfer tube, which increases as the refrigerant flow rate increases, can be reduced, and even when the amount of circulation is large, both high pipe heat transfer coefficient and low refrigerant flow resistance are achieved. Thus, the heat exchange capacity can be increased.

第４の発明は、特に、第１〜３のいずれか一つの発明の気体の主流方向と直交する方向における伝熱管の段ピッチＰ１を２．５Ｄ≦Ｐ１≦６．０Ｄになるようにしたもので、通風抵抗をあまり上げることなく、高い空気側の熱伝達率を得ることができ、同一騒音時の風量を向上させて高い熱交換能力を発揮することができる。   In the fourth aspect of the invention, in particular, the step pitch P1 of the heat transfer tube in the direction orthogonal to the main flow direction of the gas of any one of the first to third aspects of the invention is 2.5D ≦ P1 ≦ 6.0D. Therefore, a high heat transfer rate on the air side can be obtained without increasing the ventilation resistance so much, and the air volume at the same noise level can be improved to exhibit a high heat exchange capability.

第５の発明は、特に、第１〜４のいずれか一つの発明の気体の主流方向と同方向における伝熱管の列ピッチＰ２を１．５Ｄ≦Ｐ２≦５．０Ｄになるようにしたもので、通風抵抗をあまり上げることなく、伝熱管内部を流れる冷媒と空気とを効率よく熱交換し、能力の高い熱交換能力を発揮することできる。   In the fifth aspect of the invention, in particular, the row pitch P2 of the heat transfer tubes in the same direction as the main flow direction of the gas of any one of the first to fourth aspects of the invention is set to 1.5D ≦ P2 ≦ 5.0D. It is possible to efficiently exchange heat between the refrigerant flowing in the heat transfer tube and the air without increasing the ventilation resistance so much that a high heat exchange capability can be exhibited.

第６の発明は、特に、第１〜５のいずれか一つの発明の伝熱管内を流動する冷媒として、ＨＦＣ冷媒、ＨＣ冷媒および二酸化炭素のいずれか一つを用いたもので、地球環境の保護に貢献することができる。特に、ＨＣ冷媒や二酸化炭素は地球温暖化係数が小さい冷媒であるため、より地球環境の保護に貢献することができる。   In particular, the sixth invention uses any one of HFC refrigerant, HC refrigerant, and carbon dioxide as the refrigerant flowing in the heat transfer tube of any one of the first to fifth inventions. Can contribute to protection. In particular, since HC refrigerant and carbon dioxide are refrigerants having a small global warming potential, they can further contribute to the protection of the global environment.

第７の発明は、空気調和機に、請求項１〜５のいずれか１項に記載のフィン付き熱交換器を用いたもので、フィン付き熱交換器の熱交換効率が高いので、小型で、空調効率に優れた空気調和機を提供することができる。   7th invention uses the heat exchanger with a fin of any one of Claims 1-5 for an air conditioner, Since the heat exchange efficiency of a heat exchanger with a fin is high, it is small. An air conditioner having excellent air conditioning efficiency can be provided.

以下、本発明の実施の形態について、図面を参照しながら説明する。なお、この実施の形態によって本発明が限定されるものではない。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

（実施の形態１）
以下に、本発明の第１の実施の形態におけるフィン付き熱交換器について、図１、２を用いて説明する。なお、上記従来のフィン付き熱交換器と同一部分、同一機能を示す部分については同一符号を付してその説明を省略する。 (Embodiment 1)
Below, the heat exchanger with a fin in the 1st Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated using FIG. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about the part which shows the same part as the said conventional finned heat exchanger, and the same function, and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

図１は、本実施の形態におけるフィン付き熱交換器の断面図である。   FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a finned heat exchanger in the present embodiment.

本実施の形態では、熱交換効率を向上させる為に工夫された室外用のフィン付き熱交換器１が、空気の流入方向に対する方向である１列目の熱交換器１１と２列目の熱交換器１２の２列で構成され、更には、４パスの冷媒流路を形成し、１列当たり１２本のヘアピン形状の伝熱管４１ａ〜４１ｃ、４２ａ〜４２ｃを使用したものであり、２４段の２列構成となるものである。   In the present embodiment, the outdoor finned heat exchanger 1 devised in order to improve the heat exchange efficiency includes the heat exchanger 11 in the first row and the heat in the second row in the direction with respect to the air inflow direction. The heat exchanger tubes 41a to 41c and 42a to 42c are formed in two rows of the exchanger 12 and further use four hair flow passages 41a to 41c and 42a to 42c per row. This is a two-column configuration.

また、フィン付き熱交換器１において、破線で囲まれる上部Ａ領域は２列６段であり、４パス中の１パスの冷媒経路を構成し、フィン付き熱交換器１の中央に位置する破線Ｃよりも上部にある破線で囲まれるＢ領域は、上部のＡ領域を略水平方向を基準として１８０回転したものであり、領域Ａと領域Ｂは水平方向に対し、対を成して１２段の２パスを形成する。同様に破線Ｃより下部にある１２段の熱交換器も同形態を成して、２４段のフィン付き熱交換器１を形成している。   Further, in the heat exchanger 1 with fins, the upper A region surrounded by the broken line has two rows and six stages, constitutes one-pass refrigerant path in four passes, and is a broken line located at the center of the finned heat exchanger 1. The area B surrounded by a broken line above C is obtained by rotating the upper area A 180 degrees with respect to the substantially horizontal direction, and the area A and the area B form a pair of 12 steps in the horizontal direction. Two passes are formed. Similarly, the 12-stage heat exchanger below the broken line C also has the same form, and the 24-stage finned heat exchanger 1 is formed.

また、フィン付き熱交換器１に流入する空気と冷媒が、フィン付き熱交換器１のフィン２を介して効率良く熱交換できるように送風機７が設けられている。図２は、図１におけるフィン付き熱交換器１の破線で囲まれる上部Ａ領域の２列６段で構成された部分の拡大図である。   Moreover, the air blower 7 is provided so that the air and refrigerant which flow in into the heat exchanger 1 with a fin can heat-exchange efficiently through the fin 2 of the heat exchanger 1 with a fin. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion constituted by two rows and six stages in the upper A region surrounded by a broken line of the finned heat exchanger 1 in FIG.

図２に、示すように外径寸法（Ｄ）が３種類のヘアピン形状の伝熱管４１ａ（例えばφ５．０ｍｍ）、４１ｂ、４１ｃ（例えばφ７．０ｍｍ）、４２ａ、４２ｂ、４２ｃ（例えばφ９．６ｍｍ）が組み合わされてフィン付き熱交換器１全体の４パスのうち１パスの冷媒経路を構成し、空気の流れに対する通風抵抗を抑えながら、フィン付き熱交換器１の性能を高く維持できる段方向のピッチＰ１を、２．５Ｄ≦Ｐ１≦６．０Ｄ（例えば１２．５〜５７．６ｍｍの範囲）になるようにし、且つ列方向のピッチＰ２を、１．５Ｄ≦Ｐ２≦５．０Ｄ（例えば、７．５〜４８．０ｍｍの範囲）となるようにしたものであり、高い空気側熱伝達率を得ることができ、またフィン付き熱交換器１全体としての通風抵抗の差異を少なくして風速分布を改善することができるので、同一騒音時の風量を向上させて優れた熱交換能力を発揮させることができる。   As shown in FIG. 2, the outer diameter dimension (D) has three types of hairpin-shaped heat transfer tubes 41a (for example, φ5.0 mm), 41b, 41c (for example, φ7.0 mm), 42a, 42b, and 42c (for example, φ9.6 mm). ) Are combined to form a refrigerant path of one path out of the four paths of the finned heat exchanger 1, and the performance of the finned heat exchanger 1 can be maintained at a high level while suppressing the resistance to air flow. The pitch P1 is 2.5D ≦ P1 ≦ 6.0D (for example, a range of 12.5 to 57.6 mm), and the pitch P2 in the column direction is 1.5D ≦ P2 ≦ 5.0D (for example, 7.5 to 48.0 mm)), a high air-side heat transfer coefficient can be obtained, and the difference in ventilation resistance of the finned heat exchanger 1 as a whole is reduced. Improve wind speed distribution Since bets can, it is possible to exhibit excellent heat exchange capacity to improve the air volume at the same noise.

ここで、上記フィン付き熱交換器１を、室外熱交換器用の蒸発器に使用した場合について図１を用いて説明する。   Here, the case where the said heat exchanger 1 with a fin is used for the evaporator for outdoor heat exchangers is demonstrated using FIG.

図１および図２に示すように、伝熱管４１ａ、４１ｂ、４１ｃ、４２ａ、４２ｂ、４２ｃは気体（空気である）の主流方向（流れ方向）と直交する方向に配置され、フィン付き熱交換器１の中央Ｃを境にして冷媒が流入する上部２パスの入口の分岐管３１と下部２パスの入口の分岐管３２の４パスが空気の上流側となる右側に接合されている。分岐管３１、３２に流入した冷媒は、１列目の熱交換器１１に連通するヘアピン形状の伝熱管４１ａをＵ字管５１ａで繋いて冷媒流通路を流れ、下流側の伝熱管４１ｂとＵ字管５１ｂ、更には伝熱管４１ｃを経て、Ｕ字管５２ａを通過して２列目の伝熱管４２ａへ流れる。また２列目では、Ｕ字管５２ｂ、伝熱管４２ｂ、Ｕ字管５２ｃ、伝熱管４２ｃを経て１パスの冷媒出口となる分岐管６１、６２から流出する。   As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the heat transfer tubes 41a, 41b, 41c, 42a, 42b, and 42c are arranged in a direction orthogonal to the main flow direction (flow direction) of gas (air), and have a finned heat exchanger. The four paths of the upper two-pass inlet branch pipe 31 and the lower two-pass inlet branch pipe 32 through which the refrigerant flows in from the center C of 1 are joined to the right side on the upstream side of the air. The refrigerant flowing into the branch pipes 31 and 32 flows through the refrigerant flow passage by connecting the hairpin-shaped heat transfer pipe 41a communicating with the heat exchanger 11 in the first row through the U-shaped pipe 51a, and the downstream heat transfer pipe 41b and U It passes through the U-tube 52a through the character tube 51b and further the heat transfer tube 41c, and flows to the heat transfer tube 42a in the second row. In the second row, the refrigerant flows out from the branch pipes 61 and 62 serving as the refrigerant outlet of one pass through the U-shaped tube 52b, the heat transfer tube 42b, the U-shaped tube 52c, and the heat transfer tube 42c.

この時、冷媒のガス化と共に増加して生じる伝熱管内部での摩擦による圧力損失をできるだけ少なくなるように１列目の伝熱管４１ａ、４１ｂ、４１ｃの外径を下流側に流れるにつれてφ５．０〜φ７．０の範囲で徐々に大きくし、更には１列目の伝熱管４１ｃと同等以上の外径（φ７〜φ９．６ｍｍの範囲）の伝熱管４２ａ、４２ｂ、４２ｃを２列目に配置している。   At this time, φ5.0 as the outer diameter of the heat transfer tubes 41a, 41b, 41c in the first row flows downstream so as to minimize pressure loss due to friction inside the heat transfer tube, which increases as the refrigerant gasifies. Heat transfer tubes 42a, 42b, and 42c having outer diameters (range of φ7 to φ9.6 mm) equal to or greater than those of the first row of heat transfer tubes 41c are arranged in the second row. is doing.

また、凝縮器として使用した場合は、図示しない冷凍サイクル中の四方弁の切換えによ
り圧縮機より吐出された冷媒の流れる方向が逆になり、図１に示すフィン熱交換器１の場合、圧縮機より吐出された高温高圧の単相の過熱冷媒ガスが空気の下流側となる２列目の熱交換器１２の分岐管６１、６２より流入し、各冷媒流路を形成するヘアピン形状の伝熱管４２ｃからＵ字管５２ｃへと順次通過しながら、Ｕ字管５２ａより１列目の熱交換器１１へ流れ、各ヘアピン形状の伝熱管４１ａ、４１ｂ、４１ｃ、４２ａ、４２ｂ、４２ｃに密着したフィン２を介して空気と熱交換を行い、凝縮液化して過冷却が取れた冷媒は分岐管３１、３２より流出して図示しない冷凍サイクルへ戻るものである。 When used as a condenser, the direction of the flow of refrigerant discharged from the compressor is reversed by switching a four-way valve in a refrigeration cycle (not shown). In the case of the fin heat exchanger 1 shown in FIG. The high-temperature and high-pressure single-phase superheated refrigerant gas discharged from the air flows from the branch pipes 61 and 62 of the heat exchanger 12 in the second row on the downstream side of the air, and forms hairpin-shaped heat transfer tubes that form the respective refrigerant flow paths. The fins that flow from the U-shaped tube 52a to the heat exchanger 11 in the first row while sequentially passing from the 42c to the U-shaped tube 52c and are in close contact with the hairpin-shaped heat transfer tubes 41a, 41b, 41c, 42a, 42b, 42c The refrigerant that has exchanged heat with air through 2 and has been condensed and liquefied and has been supercooled flows out of the branch pipes 31 and 32 and returns to a refrigeration cycle (not shown).

また、図３は、図１に示す４パスを構成したフィン付き熱交換器１と同形態を示すものであるが、集合分流器３３、６３より冷媒が流出入し、図１に示すフィン熱交換器１のＡ領域の熱交換器と同じ２列６が１パスの冷媒経路を構成し、上に凸の形態で４パスを組んでいるものとなっているが、基本的には図１のフィン付き熱交換器１と同様の効果を示すものである。   FIG. 3 shows the same form as the finned heat exchanger 1 having the four paths shown in FIG. 1, but the refrigerant flows in and out of the collecting shunts 33 and 63, and the fin heat shown in FIG. The two rows 6 that are the same as the heat exchangers in the A region of the exchanger 1 constitute a one-pass refrigerant path, and four passes are formed in an upwardly convex form. The effect similar to that of the finned heat exchanger 1 is shown.

また、上記実施の形態では、例として図１、図３に示すようなフィン付き熱交換器１について説明したが、これらに特に限定されるものでなく、伝熱管４１ａ、４１ｂ、４１ｃ、４２ａ、４２ｂ、４２ｃの太さも４種類以上使用しても構わない。   Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the finned heat exchanger 1 as shown to FIG. 1, FIG. 3 was demonstrated as an example, it is not specifically limited to these, Heat-transfer tube 41a, 41b, 41c, 42a, Four or more types of thicknesses 42b and 42c may be used.

更に、小能力（例えば冷凍能力２．２ｋＷ以下）で冷媒循環量が小さくなる冷凍サイクルに使用するフィン付き熱交換器として利用する場合には、図示しない２パスで冷媒経路を構成して、冷媒流速を増加させて熱伝達率を向上させて熱交換器としての能力を向上させても上記実施の形態と同様の効果を得るものである。   Further, when used as a finned heat exchanger used in a refrigeration cycle with a small capacity (for example, refrigeration capacity of 2.2 kW or less) and a small amount of refrigerant circulation, a refrigerant path is configured by two paths (not shown) Even if the flow rate is increased to improve the heat transfer rate and the capacity as a heat exchanger is improved, the same effect as in the above embodiment can be obtained.

また、上記実施の形態では、伝熱管４１ａ、４１ｂ、４１ｃ、４２ａ、４２ｂ、４２ｃの外径は全て、拡管加工前のφ５．０〜φ９．６ｍｍの伝熱管を用いて説明しているが、通常は、フィン２と伝熱管４１ａ、４１ｂ、４１ｃ、４２ａ、４２ｂ、４２ｃの密着性を向上させるのに１％〜１０％の範囲で外形を大きくしているので、その場合でも同じ効果が得られるものであり、外径の数値はその変化した分も範囲に含むものである。   Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the outer diameter of all the heat exchanger tubes 41a, 41b, 41c, 42a, 42b, 42c is demonstrated using the φ5.0-φ9.6 mm heat exchanger tube before a pipe expansion process, Usually, the outer shape is enlarged in the range of 1% to 10% in order to improve the adhesion between the fin 2 and the heat transfer tubes 41a, 41b, 41c, 42a, 42b, 42c. The numerical value of the outer diameter includes the changed amount in the range.

また、熱交換器１の伝熱管内部を流れる（流動する）冷媒としては、ＨＦＣ冷媒、ＨＣ冷媒および二酸化炭素のいずれか一つが用いられオゾン破壊係数の小さいＨＦＣ冷媒、ＨＣ冷媒および二酸化炭素のいずれか１つを用いることにより、地球環境の保護に貢献することができる。   Further, as the refrigerant flowing (flowing) inside the heat transfer tube of the heat exchanger 1, any one of HFC refrigerant, HC refrigerant and carbon dioxide is used, and any of HFC refrigerant, HC refrigerant and carbon dioxide having a small ozone destruction coefficient is used. By using one of these, it is possible to contribute to the protection of the global environment.

なお、空気調和機に、上記実施の形態に詳述したフィン付き熱交換器１を搭載するようにすれば、フィン付き熱交換器１の熱交換効率が非常に高いので、小型で、空調効率に優れた空気調和機を提供することができる。   If the finned heat exchanger 1 described in detail in the above embodiment is mounted on the air conditioner, the heat exchange efficiency of the finned heat exchanger 1 is very high. It is possible to provide an excellent air conditioner.

このように、本発明にかかるフィン付き熱交換器は、優れた熱交換特性を有するもので、空気調和機の室内外ユニットに限らず、伝熱管内を流れる冷媒と外部を流れる空気との間で熱交換を行う機能部品を使用する各種機器に広く適用することができる。   As described above, the finned heat exchanger according to the present invention has excellent heat exchange characteristics, and is not limited to an indoor / outdoor unit of an air conditioner, but between a refrigerant flowing in a heat transfer tube and air flowing outside. It can be widely applied to various devices that use functional parts that perform heat exchange.

本発明の実施の形態１におけるフィン付き熱交換器の断面図Sectional drawing of the heat exchanger with a fin in Embodiment 1 of this invention 同フィン付き熱交換器の部分拡大図Partial enlarged view of the finned heat exchanger 他の例を示すフィン付き熱交換器の断面図Cross-sectional view of finned heat exchanger showing another example 従来のフィン付き熱交換器の断面図Cross section of conventional finned heat exchanger

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 熱交換器
２ フィン
３、３１、３２、６、６１、６２ 分岐管
７ 送風機
１１、１２ 熱交換器
３３、６３ 集合分岐管
４１、４１ａ、４１ｂ、４１ｃ、４２、４２ａ、４２ｂ、４２ｃ 伝熱管
５１、５１ａ、５１ｂ、５２、５２ａ、５２ｂ、５２ｃ Ｕ字管 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Heat exchanger 2 Fin 3, 31, 32, 6, 61, 62 Branch pipe 7 Blower 11, 12 Heat exchanger 33, 63 Collective branch pipe 41, 41a, 41b, 41c, 42, 42a, 42b, 42c 51, 51a, 51b, 52, 52a, 52b, 52c U-shaped tube

Claims (7)

所定の間隔で平行に並べられた複数のフィンと、前記フィンに略直角に貫通して冷媒が内部を流通すると共に外径寸法（Ｄ）が３種類以上の伝熱管とを備え、風上側に、前記冷媒の上流から下流にかけて順次、５．０≦Ｄ≦７．０ｍｍの範囲で外径寸法が大きくなる伝熱管を配置し、風下側に、７．０≦Ｄ≦９．６ｍｍの範囲の伝熱管を配置し、風下側の前記伝熱管を、フィン付き熱交換器を凝縮器またはガスクーラーとして利用する場合は、冷媒入口寄りの伝熱管とし、蒸発器として利用する場合は、冷媒出口寄りの伝熱管とし、前記フィンを通る気体の主流方向と同方向の列方向に２列以上で構成したことを特徴とするフィン付き熱交換器。 A plurality of fins arranged in parallel at predetermined intervals, a refrigerant passing through the fins at a substantially right angle and flowing through the inside, and three or more types of heat transfer tubes having an outer diameter (D) are provided on the windward side. In order from the upstream to the downstream of the refrigerant, a heat transfer tube having an outer diameter that increases in a range of 5.0 ≦ D ≦ 7.0 mm is disposed, and on the leeward side, a heat transfer tube in a range of 7.0 ≦ D ≦ 9.6 mm A heat transfer tube is arranged, and when the finned heat exchanger is used as a condenser or a gas cooler, it is a heat transfer tube near the refrigerant inlet, and when it is used as an evaporator, it is close to the refrigerant outlet. A heat exchanger with fins, comprising two or more rows in the row direction in the same direction as the main flow direction of the gas passing through the fins. 小能力で低循環量の熱交換器の構成を必要とする場合は、２パス以下にして冷媒を流すようにして構成したことを特徴とする請求項１に記載のフィン付き熱交換器。 2. The finned heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein when a configuration of a heat exchanger with a small capacity and a low circulation amount is required, the refrigerant is made to flow in two paths or less. 大能力で高循環量の熱交換器の構成を必要とする場合は、３パス以上にして冷媒を流すようにして構成したことを特徴とする請求項１に記載のフィン付き熱交換器。 2. The finned heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein when a configuration of a heat exchanger having a large capacity and a high circulation rate is required, the refrigerant flows through three or more passes. 気体の主流方向と直交する方向における伝熱管の段ピッチＰ１を、２．５Ｄ≦Ｐ１≦６．０Ｄになるようにしたことを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれか１項に記載のフィン付き熱交換器。 The fin according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a step pitch P1 of the heat transfer tubes in a direction orthogonal to a gas main flow direction is set to 2.5D ≦ P1 ≦ 6.0D. With heat exchanger. 気体の主流方向と同方向における伝熱管の列ピッチＰ２を１．５Ｄ≦Ｐ２≦５．０Ｄになるようにしたことを特徴とする請求項１〜４のいずれか１項に記載のフィン付き熱交換器。 The finned heat according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the row pitch P2 of the heat transfer tubes in the same direction as the main flow direction of the gas is 1.5D≤P2≤5.0D. Exchanger. 伝熱管内を流動する冷媒として、ＨＦＣ冷媒、ＨＣ冷媒および二酸化炭素のいずれか一つを用いたことを特徴とする請求項１〜５のいずれか１項に記載のフィン付き熱交換器。 The finned heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein any one of an HFC refrigerant, an HC refrigerant, and carbon dioxide is used as the refrigerant flowing in the heat transfer tube. 請求項１〜５のいずれか１項に記載のフィン付き熱交換器を備えた空気調和機。 The air conditioner provided with the heat exchanger with a fin of any one of Claims 1-5.

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