JP2007245031A - Coating method and coating system - Google Patents

Coating method and coating system Download PDF

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JP2007245031A
JP2007245031A JP2006073276A JP2006073276A JP2007245031A JP 2007245031 A JP2007245031 A JP 2007245031A JP 2006073276 A JP2006073276 A JP 2006073276A JP 2006073276 A JP2006073276 A JP 2006073276A JP 2007245031 A JP2007245031 A JP 2007245031A
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coating
paint
stage
pigment
average particle
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JP4830561B2 (en
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Akikazu Ito
晃数 伊藤
Osamu Masuko
治 益子
Mitsuharu Ichikawa
光春 市川
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Nissan Motor Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a coating method capable of enhancing the hiding power of a solid coating to turn mambraneous. <P>SOLUTION: The coating method possesses a first stage atomizing and coating the a coating 13A added with a glitter pigment 1 into the solid coating containing no glitter pigment so that the average particle diameter of the coating 13A when coated on a coating surface is equal to or smaller than the average particle diameter of the glitter pigment, and a second stage atomizing and coating the solid coating 13B on the coating film formed in the first stage. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、自動車ボディや自動車部品などの被塗物に光輝性顔料を含まないソリッド塗料を塗装する塗装方法及び塗装システムに関する。   The present invention relates to a coating method and a coating system for coating a solid paint that does not contain a luster pigment on an object to be coated such as an automobile body or an automobile part.

自動車ボディの塗装系は、主として防錆を目的とする下塗り塗装と、防錆のほか上塗り塗膜の密着性や平滑性の向上を目的とする中塗り塗装と、防錆のほか意匠性の向上を目的とする上塗り塗装とで構成される３コート塗装系が一般的である。   Automobile body coating systems are mainly priming for the purpose of rust prevention, intermediate coating for the purpose of improving the adhesion and smoothness of the top coating film as well as rust prevention, and improving design as well as rust prevention. A three-coat coating system composed of a top coat for the purpose of is generally used.

上塗り塗装で用いられる塗料には、アルミニウムフレークなどの光輝性顔料を含有したメタリック塗料と、こうした光輝性顔料を含まず着色顔料を含有したソリッド塗料がある。また、中塗り塗料は、上塗りソリッド塗料と同じく、光輝性顔料を含まず着色顔料を含有したソリッド塗料である。   The paint used in the top coating includes a metallic paint containing a bright pigment such as aluminum flakes and a solid paint containing a coloring pigment without such a bright pigment. The intermediate coating is a solid coating that contains a coloring pigment but does not contain a glittering pigment, like the top coating solid coating.

本明細書及び特許請求の範囲では、光輝性顔料を含有しない塗料を、中塗り塗装及び上塗り塗装といった使用される塗装工程に拘らずソリッド塗料と称する。   In the present specification and claims, a paint that does not contain a bright pigment is referred to as a solid paint regardless of the painting process used, such as intermediate coating and top coating.

ところで、上塗り塗装においてソリッド塗料を塗装する場合、下地である中塗り塗膜（薄いグレー色であることが多い。）を隠蔽するだけの膜厚を確保する必要があり、隠蔽力の弱い赤系の塗色においては最低でも１５μｍの膜厚で塗装しなければならない。同様に、中塗り塗装においても下地である電着塗膜（濃いグレー又は濃いグリーンであることが多い。）を隠蔽するだけの膜厚を確保する必要があり、薄いグレー色である中塗り塗料にあっては最低でも２５μｍの膜厚で塗装しなければならない。   By the way, when applying a solid paint in the top coat, it is necessary to secure a film thickness sufficient to conceal the intermediate coating film (often a light gray color) that is the base, and a red system with a weak hiding power. The coating color must be at least 15 μm. Similarly, in the intermediate coating, it is necessary to secure a film thickness sufficient to hide the electrodeposition coating film (often dark gray or dark green), which is a base, and the intermediate coating is a light gray color. In that case, it must be coated with a film thickness of at least 25 μm.

しかしながら、紫外線透過による塗膜劣化などの塗膜物性を確保するための膜厚は、たとえば上塗り塗膜では８μｍ程度であり、単に隠蔽力が弱いという理由で上述した膜厚１５μｍを確保しなければならなかったので、薄膜でも隠蔽力が強い塗装技術の開発が望まれている。
特開２００２−２５６２１６号公報 However, the film thickness for securing the coating film properties such as coating film deterioration due to UV transmission is, for example, about 8 μm for the top coating film, and the above-described film thickness of 15 μm must be ensured simply because the hiding power is weak. Therefore, the development of a coating technique that has a strong hiding power even with a thin film is desired.
JP 2002-256216 A

本発明は、ソリッド塗料の隠蔽力を向上させ薄膜化が可能な塗装方法及び塗装システムを提供することを目的とする。   An object of this invention is to provide the coating method and coating system which can improve the concealment power of a solid coating material, and can be thinned.

上記目的を達成するために、本発明の塗装方法は、光輝性顔料を含まないソリッド塗料に光輝性顔料を含有させた塗料を、塗装面に塗着するときの前記塗料の平均粒径が前記光輝性顔料の平均粒径以下となるように霧化して塗装する第１ステージと、前記第１ステージで形成された塗膜上に前記ソリッド塗料を霧化塗装する第２ステージと、を有することを特徴とする。   In order to achieve the above object, the coating method of the present invention is characterized in that the average particle size of the paint when the paint containing the glitter pigment in the solid paint not containing the glitter pigment is applied to the painted surface is A first stage for atomizing and coating so that the average particle size of the glittering pigment is equal to or less than the average particle diameter; and a second stage for atomizing and painting the solid paint on the coating film formed in the first stage. It is characterized by.

また、本発明の塗装システムは、ベルカップへ塗料を供給する塗料供給系と、前記ベルカップの周速度を調節する周速度調節器と、これら塗料供給系及び周速度調節器を制御する制御手段とを備え、光輝性顔料を含まないソリッド塗料に光輝性顔料を含有させた塗料を、塗装面に塗着するときの前記塗料の平均粒径が前記光輝性顔料の平均粒径以下となるように前記塗料を霧化して塗装する第１ステージに設けられた回転霧化式塗装装置と、前記第１ステージで形成された塗膜上に前記ソリッド塗料を霧化塗装する、第２ステージに設けられた塗装装置と、を有することを特徴とする。   The coating system of the present invention includes a paint supply system for supplying paint to the bell cup, a peripheral speed adjuster for adjusting the peripheral speed of the bell cup, and a control means for controlling the paint supply system and the peripheral speed adjuster. The average particle size of the paint is less than the average particle size of the glitter pigment when the paint containing the glitter pigment in the solid paint not containing the glitter pigment is applied to the painted surface. A rotary atomizing type coating device provided on the first stage for atomizing and coating the paint on the second stage, and a second stage for applying the solid paint on the coating film formed on the first stage. And a coating apparatus.

本発明では、光輝性顔料を含有しないソリッド塗料を塗装するにあたり、このソリッド塗料に光輝性顔料を含有させ、第１ステージにおいてこの塗料を、塗着時の平均粒径が光輝性顔料の平均粒径以下になるように霧化して塗装するので、塗装面において光輝性顔料がほぼ平行に配向することになる。これにより、下地の隠蔽力が向上する。そして、この塗膜の上に本来のソリッド塗料を塗装することで、ソリッド塗膜の隠蔽力が向上し、薄膜化を実現することができる。   In the present invention, when applying a solid paint that does not contain a glitter pigment, this solid paint contains a glitter pigment, and in the first stage, this paint is coated with an average particle diameter of the glitter pigment. Since the coating is atomized so as to be smaller than the diameter, the glitter pigment is oriented almost in parallel on the painted surface. Thereby, the hiding power of the ground is improved. Then, by coating the original solid paint on the coating film, the concealing power of the solid coating film is improved, and a thin film can be realized.

発明の実施の形態BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

以下、本発明の実施形態を図面に基づいて説明する。
《第１実施形態》
図１は本発明の塗装方法により塗装した積層塗膜の一例を示す塗膜断面図、図２は図１に示す積層塗膜の塗装工程を示すフローチャートである。また、図５は本発明の塗装方法に係る光輝性顔料の一例を示す正面図および側面図、図６は本発明の塗装方法に係る第１ステージでの塗着メカニズムを説明するための模式図である。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
<< First Embodiment >>
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a coating film showing an example of a multilayer coating film applied by the coating method of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a coating process of the multilayer coating film shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a front view and a side view showing an example of the glitter pigment according to the coating method of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram for explaining the coating mechanism in the first stage according to the coating method of the present invention. It is.

本実施形態は、自動車ボディの３コート塗装系の中塗り工程に本発明の塗装方法を適用した例である。   This embodiment is an example in which the coating method of the present invention is applied to an intermediate coating process of a three-coat coating system for an automobile body.

最初に自動車ボディの塗装工程の概要を説明すると、車体ラインで組み立てられたホワイトボディは、まず電着塗装工程に搬入される。この電着塗装工程では、ホワイトボディに付着した油分や鉄粉などを洗浄したのち表面調整およびリン酸亜鉛などの化成皮膜処理が施され、さらに下塗り塗膜を構成する電着塗装が行われる（図２の電着塗装工程）。   First, the outline of the painting process of the automobile body will be explained. The white body assembled in the body line is first carried into the electrodeposition painting process. In this electrodeposition coating process, the oil and iron powder adhering to the white body are washed, then the surface is adjusted and a chemical conversion film treatment such as zinc phosphate is applied. The electrodeposition coating process of FIG. 2).

ポリアミン樹脂などのエポキシ系樹脂を基体樹脂とする電着塗料が塗布されたボディは、電着乾燥炉に搬入されて、たとえば１６０〜１８０℃で１５分〜３０分焼き付けられ、これにより図１のボディ鋼板１１の表面に、膜厚１０μｍ〜３５μｍの電着塗膜１２が形成される（図２の電着焼き付け工程）。電着塗膜１２は、ボディ鋼板１１の歪や電着塗膜１２自体の欠陥を視認し易いようにグレー色又はグリーン色に着色されている。   A body coated with an electrodeposition coating material having an epoxy resin such as a polyamine resin as a base resin is carried into an electrodeposition drying furnace and baked at 160 to 180 ° C. for 15 to 30 minutes, for example. An electrodeposition coating film 12 having a film thickness of 10 μm to 35 μm is formed on the surface of the body steel plate 11 (electrodeposition baking process of FIG. 2). The electrodeposition coating film 12 is colored in gray or green so that the distortion of the body steel plate 11 and the defects of the electrodeposition coating film 12 itself can be easily recognized.

電着塗膜１２が形成されたボディは、図示しないシーリング工程（アンダーコート工程、ストーンガードコート工程を含む。）に送られて、鋼板合わせ目や鋼板エッジ部に防錆または目止めを目的とした塩化ビニル系樹脂製シーリング材が塗布される。また、アンダーコート工程では、タイヤハウスや床裏に塩化ビニル樹脂系の耐チッピング材が塗布され、ストーンガードコート工程では、シルやフェンダなどのボディ外板下部にポリエステル系又はポリウレタン系樹脂製耐チッピング材が塗布される。なお、これらシーリング材や耐チッピング材は専用の乾燥炉または次に述べる中塗り乾燥炉にて硬化することになる。   The body on which the electrodeposition coating film 12 is formed is sent to a sealing process (not shown) (including an undercoat process and a stone guard coat process) for the purpose of rust prevention or sealing at the steel plate joints and the steel plate edge portions. The applied vinyl chloride resin sealing material is applied. In the undercoat process, a vinyl chloride resin-based chipping-resistant material is applied to the tire house and the back of the floor, and in the stone guard coat process, a polyester-based or polyurethane-based resin-resistant chipping is applied to the lower part of the body outer plate such as a sill or fender. The material is applied. In addition, these sealing materials and chipping-resistant materials are cured in a dedicated drying furnace or an intermediate coating drying furnace described below.

シーリング材や耐チッピング材が塗布され、内外板に電着塗膜１２が形成されたボディは、次に中塗り塗装工程に搬入される。   The body on which the sealing material and the chipping-resistant material are applied and the electrodeposition coating film 12 is formed on the inner and outer plates is then carried into the intermediate coating process.

中塗り塗装工程は、アクリル樹脂、アルキド樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂などを基体樹脂とし、これに着色顔料や添加剤を添加した塗料原液を溶剤（水系塗料の場合は水）で希釈した中塗り塗料を、電着塗膜１２の表面に塗装する工程であるが、本例の中塗り塗装工程は、第１ステージと第２ステージとから構成されている。   In the intermediate coating process, an acrylic resin, an alkyd resin, a polyester resin, etc. are used as a base resin, and an intermediate coating material obtained by diluting a paint stock solution to which a coloring pigment or additive is added with a solvent (water in the case of a water-based coating material) Although it is a process of coating on the surface of the electrodeposition coating film 12, the intermediate coating process of this example is composed of a first stage and a second stage.

まず、第１ステージでは、上述した光輝性顔料を含有しないオリジナルの中塗り塗料に、アルミフレークやマイカ箔などの光輝性顔料を、好ましくは樹脂成分１００重量部に対して１４重量部以上の含有比率で添加し、この光輝性顔料含有中塗り塗料を、回転霧化式塗装ガンを用いて塗装する。   First, in the first stage, the above-mentioned original intermediate coating material containing no bright pigment contains bright pigments such as aluminum flakes and mica foil, preferably 14 parts by weight or more with respect to 100 parts by weight of the resin component. It is added at a ratio, and this glittering pigment-containing intermediate coating is applied using a rotary atomizing coating gun.

このとき、光輝性顔料含有中塗り塗料の塗装条件は、電着塗膜１２の表面に塗着するときの中塗り塗粒の平均粒径が、光輝性顔料の平均粒径以下となる条件である。   At this time, the coating condition of the glittering pigment-containing intermediate coating is such that the average particle diameter of the intermediate coating particles when applied to the surface of the electrodeposition coating film 12 is equal to or less than the average particle diameter of the glittering pigment. is there.

ここで、本例に係る中塗り塗料に含有させる光輝性顔料１は、図５に示すように鱗片状をなすものであり、平面視における実質面積を円２に換算したときの半径Ｒを本発明にいう平均粒径と定義する。すなわち、本発明に係る光輝性顔料の平均粒径とは、同図に示す厚さｔではなく、主面の平均直径Ｒを意味するものとする。一般的に、自動車用上塗りベース塗料中に含まれる光輝性顔料の平均粒径Ｒは１０〜３０μｍ程度であり、厚みは０．２〜１μｍ程度である。したがって、含有する鱗片状光輝性顔料の主面の平均直径が２０μｍであるときは、中塗り塗料の塗着時の粒径を２０μｍ以下に微粒化して塗装する。   Here, the luster pigment 1 contained in the intermediate coating material according to this example has a scaly shape as shown in FIG. 5, and the radius R when the real area in a plan view is converted into a circle 2 is the main pigment. It is defined as the average particle size referred to in the invention. That is, the average particle diameter of the glitter pigment according to the present invention means not the thickness t shown in the figure but the average diameter R of the main surface. Generally, the average particle diameter R of the glitter pigment contained in the top coat base paint for automobiles is about 10 to 30 μm, and the thickness is about 0.2 to 1 μm. Therefore, when the average diameter of the main surface of the scale-like glittering pigment contained is 20 μm, the particle size at the time of application of the intermediate coating is atomized to 20 μm or less and applied.

ところで、塗料粒子の平均粒径は、塗料の吐出量と回転霧化塗装ガン（霧化頭）の回転数および霧化頭の直径によって制御することができる。塗料の吐出量は膜厚との関係で一定の制限があることから、本例では回転霧化式塗装ガンのベルカップの回転数、厳密には周速度を制御することで、上記の微粒化を実現する。すなわち、本例の第１ステージでは、塗着時の光輝性顔料含有中塗り塗料の平均粒径が鱗片状光輝性顔料の平均粒径以下となるように、ベルカップの周速度を１８０〜２４０ｍ／ｓｅｃ（直径５０ｍｍのベルカップを用いた場合は回転数７０，０００〜９０，０００ｒｐｍに相当する。）で制御しながら塗装する。   By the way, the average particle diameter of the paint particles can be controlled by the discharge amount of the paint, the rotational speed of the rotary atomizing coating gun (atomizing head), and the diameter of the atomizing head. Since the discharge rate of paint has a certain limitation in relation to the film thickness, in this example, the above atomization is controlled by controlling the rotation speed of the bell cup of the rotary atomizing paint gun, strictly speaking, the peripheral speed. Is realized. That is, in the first stage of this example, the peripheral speed of the bell cup is set to 180 to 240 m so that the average particle diameter of the bright pigment-containing intermediate coating at the time of application is equal to or less than the average particle diameter of the scaly bright pigment. / Sec (corresponding to a rotational speed of 70,000 to 90,000 rpm when a bell cup with a diameter of 50 mm is used).

なお、塗着時の粒径は、レーザー光散乱方式の粒子径測定装置を用いて測定することができる。またこの測定と校正をとった画像処理計測システムを用いることもできる。後者の方法では、ガラス板にフッ素系界面活性剤を薄膜に塗布し、その板を１秒くらいの時間、被塗物表面に暴露する。このようにして捕集した塗料粒子を顕微鏡で拡大してその粒子径を測定することによって容易に測定することができる。本発明においては、このようにして測定した塗料粒子径の重量平均粒径を塗料粒子の平均粒径として用いている。   The particle size at the time of coating can be measured using a laser light scattering type particle size measuring device. An image processing measurement system that takes this measurement and calibration can also be used. In the latter method, a fluorosurfactant is applied to a thin film on a glass plate, and the plate is exposed to the surface of the object to be coated for about 1 second. The coating particles collected in this way can be easily measured by enlarging them with a microscope and measuring the particle diameter. In the present invention, the weight average particle diameter of the paint particle diameter measured in this way is used as the average particle diameter of the paint particles.

本例では、アルミフレークやマイカ箔のような鱗片状光輝性顔料を中塗り塗料に含有させ、この塗料を第１ステージにて、５±２μｍの膜厚になるように塗装する。このように、塗着時（もしくは塗着直前）の塗料粒子の平均粒径が光輝性顔料の平均粒径よりも小さくすることにより、多量もしくは高速のエアー流れを形成することなく、光輝性顔料を塗装面に平行に配向させることができ、もって下地隠蔽力を高めることができる。   In this example, scaly glittering pigments such as aluminum flakes and mica foil are included in the intermediate coating, and this coating is applied to a thickness of 5 ± 2 μm on the first stage. Thus, by making the average particle size of the paint particles at the time of coating (or just before coating) smaller than the average particle size of the bright pigment, the bright pigment can be formed without forming a large quantity or high-speed air flow. Can be oriented parallel to the painted surface, thereby enhancing the base concealing power.

このように、高速のエアー流れがない場合の、塗料の粒子径と光輝性顔料の配向との関係はこれまで知られていなかったが、塗料粒子径が小さく、特に光輝性顔料の平均粒径と同等もしくはそれ以下の粒子径になった場合に、顕著な効果を発揮することから、本発明者らは、塗料粒子径が小さい場合の光輝性顔料の配向には特別な作用があるとの結論に至った。   Thus, in the absence of high-speed air flow, the relationship between the particle size of the paint and the orientation of the glitter pigment has not been known so far, but the paint particle diameter is small, especially the average particle diameter of the glitter pigment. When the particle diameter is equal to or less than the above, a remarkable effect is exhibited, so that the present inventors have a special effect on the orientation of the glitter pigment when the paint particle diameter is small. I came to a conclusion.

すなわち、塗料粒子が塗着したときの表面張力が、光輝性顔料の配向を支配する要因であるとの結論である。つまり、微粒化されて飛行途中にある塗料粒子の内部では、光輝性顔料の方向性は定まらず被塗物に対してランダムになっていると予想される。ところが、塗料粒子が塗着した場合には、既に塗着して被塗物表面を覆っている塗料と融合する際に、表面張力によって表面を平滑にする効果があるが、本例の塗装方法によれば、塗着した塗料粒子にほぼ同程度の大きさの鱗片状光輝性顔料が含まれているため、光輝性顔料は表面張力によって塗料表面と平行に引っ張られると推察される。この表面張力による配向では、塗料粒子の衝突速度を高めることで塗料粒子を被塗物表面で押し潰すのと同程度の力が作用していると考えられる。   That is, it is concluded that the surface tension when the coating particles are applied is a factor governing the orientation of the glitter pigment. In other words, the direction of the glitter pigment is not fixed inside the paint particles that are atomized and in the middle of flight, and are expected to be random with respect to the object to be coated. However, when paint particles are applied, there is an effect of smoothing the surface by surface tension when fusing with the paint already applied and covering the surface of the object to be coated. According to the above, since the coated paint particles contain scaly glitter pigments of approximately the same size, it is assumed that the glitter pigments are pulled parallel to the paint surface by surface tension. In this orientation by surface tension, it is considered that the same force is applied as when the paint particles are crushed on the surface of the object by increasing the collision speed of the paint particles.

これに対し、光輝性顔料の平均粒径よりも大きな平均粒径の塗料粒子で塗装した場合には、塗料粒子が表面張力で平滑になるように流動しても、その塗料粒子の内部で光輝性顔料が配向の自由度をある程度有しているため、被塗物の表面と完全には平行にならないと考えられ、これにより光輝性顔料の配向が不十分になると推察される。   In contrast, when the paint particles are coated with paint particles having an average particle size larger than the average particle size of the glitter pigment, even if the paint particles flow so as to be smooth due to the surface tension, the glitter within the paint particles. Since the luminescent pigment has a certain degree of freedom in orientation, it is considered that it is not completely parallel to the surface of the object to be coated, and it is assumed that the orientation of the glitter pigment is insufficient.

また、塗料粒子の平均粒径が光輝性顔料の平均粒径よりもはるかに小さくなった場合には、光輝材が単独で塗着するのと同視できることから、やはり配向が良好になると考えられる。すなわち光輝性顔料が単独で被塗物に塗着する場合には、光輝性顔料は最も広い面、すなわち鱗片状光輝性顔料の主面（平面部）で被塗物に塗着することが最も安定であると考えられ、これにより鱗片の主面が被塗物と平行に配向することになり、光輝性顔料が塗装の全面に敷きつめられた状態となって優れた隠蔽力を示すことになる。   In addition, when the average particle diameter of the paint particles is much smaller than the average particle diameter of the glitter pigment, it can be regarded as the glitter material being applied alone, so that the orientation is considered to be good. That is, when the glitter pigment is applied alone to the object to be coated, the glitter pigment is most preferably applied to the object to be coated on the widest surface, that is, the main surface (planar portion) of the scaly glitter pigment. This is considered to be stable, and the main surface of the scale is oriented parallel to the object to be coated, and the glittering pigment is placed on the entire surface of the paint and exhibits excellent hiding power. .

この様子を図６（Ａ）〜（Ｃ）に示す。同図において、符号１が鱗片状光輝性顔料、符号３が塗料粒子、符号４が被塗物であり、同図（Ａ）はそれぞれ鱗片状光輝性顔料１を含有する２つの塗料粒子３が被塗物４に向かって飛行している状態を示す。同図（Ａ）の下側の塗料粒子３が被塗物４の表面に到着すると、同図（Ｂ）に示すように塗料粒子３が被塗物４の表面に沿ってその表面張力により平滑になろうと流動して放射状に広がる。このとき、塗料粒子３に含まれた光輝性顔料１は、塗料粒子３の粒径が自分の粒径より小さいので塗料粒子３の内部で自由度をもつことができず、光輝性顔料１の主面が被塗物４の表面に沿って動くことになる。そして、同図（Ｃ）に示すように、塗料粒子３が被塗物４の表面に広がると光輝性顔料１も被塗物４の表面に平行に配向した状態で塗料粒子３の内部に包含されることになる。このような塗着メカニズムによって、各塗料粒子３が被塗物４の表面に堆積し塗膜を形成するので、光輝性顔料１が被塗物４の表面に平行に配向した塗膜を得ることができる。   This state is shown in FIGS. In the figure, reference numeral 1 is a scaly glitter pigment, reference numeral 3 is a paint particle, reference numeral 4 is an object to be coated, and FIG. 4A shows two paint particles 3 each containing a scaly glitter pigment 1. The state which is flying toward the to-be-coated object 4 is shown. When the lower coating particles 3 arrive at the surface of the article 4 to be coated (A), the coating particles 3 are smoothed by the surface tension along the surface of the article 4 as shown in FIG. It will flow and spread radially. At this time, the glitter pigment 1 contained in the paint particle 3 cannot have a degree of freedom inside the paint particle 3 because the particle diameter of the paint particle 3 is smaller than its own particle diameter. The main surface moves along the surface of the article 4 to be coated. As shown in FIG. 3C, when the paint particles 3 spread on the surface of the object 4 to be coated, the glitter pigment 1 is also included in the paint particles 3 in a state of being oriented parallel to the surface of the object 4 to be coated. Will be. By such a coating mechanism, each coating particle 3 is deposited on the surface of the object 4 to form a coating film, so that a coating film in which the glitter pigment 1 is oriented parallel to the surface of the object 4 is obtained. Can do.

図１及び図２に戻り、中塗り塗装工程の第１ステージにて光輝性顔料含有中塗り塗料を上述した条件で塗装したら、ウェットオンウェットで、本来の中塗り塗料を１５±２μｍの膜厚になるように塗装する。この第２ステージでは、光輝性顔料を含有しないオリジナルの中塗り塗料を、たとえば回転霧化式塗装ガンを用いて、そのベルカップの周速度を、上述した第１ステージよりも小さい、たとえば５０〜１１０ｍ／ｓｅｃ（直径５０ｍｍのベルカップを用いた場合は回転数２０，０００〜４０，０００ｒｐｍに相当する。）で制御しながら塗装する。   Returning to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, when the bright pigment-containing intermediate coating is applied in the first stage of the intermediate coating process under the above-described conditions, the original intermediate coating is 15 ± 2 μm thick by wet on wet. Paint to become. In this second stage, an original intermediate coating material that does not contain a luster pigment, for example, using a rotary atomizing paint gun, the peripheral speed of the bell cup is smaller than that of the first stage described above, for example, 50 to The coating is carried out while controlling at 110 m / sec (when a bell cup having a diameter of 50 mm is used, it corresponds to a rotational speed of 20,000 to 40,000 rpm).

なお、この第２ステージは、中塗り塗膜本来の機能、すなわち防錆性能及び上塗り塗膜の密着性能が発揮されれば充分であることから、回転霧化式塗装ガンには何ら限定されず、また回転霧化式塗装ガンを用いて塗装する場合であっても上述したベルカップの回転数は必須の塗装条件ではない。   The second stage is not limited to the rotary atomizing paint gun because it is sufficient if the original function of the intermediate coating film, that is, the rust prevention performance and the adhesion performance of the top coating film are exhibited. In addition, even when the coating is performed using a rotary atomizing paint gun, the rotation speed of the bell cup described above is not an essential coating condition.

また、第１ステージにて光輝性顔料含有塗料を塗装したのち、これを焼き付け、硬化塗膜の表面に第２ステージの中塗り塗料を塗装しても良い。   Alternatively, after the glitter pigment-containing paint is applied in the first stage, this may be baked and the second stage intermediate paint may be applied to the surface of the cured coating film.

以上の第１ステージと第２ステージを終了したら、図１に示すように電着塗膜１２の表面に、５±２μｍの光輝性顔料含有中塗り塗膜１３Ａと、１５±２μｍの光輝性顔料を含有しない中塗り塗膜１３Ｂが形成されるので、次にボディを中塗り乾燥炉に搬送し、たとえば１３０〜１５０℃で１５分〜３０分通過させることにより、膜厚２０±４μｍの中塗り塗膜１３が形成される（図２の中塗り焼き付け工程）。   When the first stage and the second stage are completed, as shown in FIG. 1, the surface of the electrodeposition coating 12 has a 5 ± 2 μm bright pigment-containing intermediate coating 13A and a 15 ± 2 μm bright pigment. The intermediate coating film 13B that does not contain is formed, and then the body is transported to an intermediate coating drying furnace and passed through, for example, 130 to 150 ° C. for 15 to 30 minutes, so that an intermediate coating thickness of 20 ± 4 μm is formed. The coating film 13 is formed (intermediate baking process in FIG. 2).

上述したとおり、従来の中塗り塗装方法では、濃いグレー又は濃いグリーンである電着塗膜を隠蔽するには最低でも２５μｍの膜厚が必要とされたが、本例のように第１ステージにて光輝性顔料を含有する中塗り塗料を上記の条件で超微粒化して塗装することで隠蔽力が向上し、これにより約５μｍ薄膜化することができる。   As described above, in the conventional intermediate coating method, a film thickness of at least 25 μm is required to hide the electrodeposition coating film which is dark gray or dark green. The covering power is improved by applying an intermediate coating containing a glittering pigment to ultrafine particles under the above conditions, thereby making it possible to reduce the film thickness to about 5 μm.

なお、中塗り焼き付け工程を終了したボディは、上塗りブースに搬送されて上塗り塗料が塗装されたのち（図２の上塗り塗装工程）、上塗り乾燥炉に搬送され、これにより上塗り塗膜１４が形成される（図２の上塗り焼き付け工程）。   In addition, after finishing the intermediate coating baking process, the body is transported to the top coating booth and coated with the top coating (the top coating process in FIG. 2), and then transported to the top coating drying furnace, whereby the top coating film 14 is formed. (Topcoat baking process of FIG. 2).

《第２実施形態》
図３は本発明の塗装方法により塗装した積層塗膜の他の例を示す塗膜断面図、図４は図３に示す積層塗膜の塗装工程を示すフローチャートである。 << Second Embodiment >>
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a coating film showing another example of the multilayer coating film applied by the coating method of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a coating process of the multilayer coating film shown in FIG.

本実施形態は、自動車ボディの３コート塗装系の上塗り工程に本発明の塗装方法を適用した例であるが、図３に示す電着塗膜１２及び図４に示す電着塗装工程および電着焼き付け工程までの実施形態は上述した第１実施形態と同じであるため省略する。   The present embodiment is an example in which the coating method of the present invention is applied to a topcoat process of a three-coat coating system for an automobile body, but the electrodeposition coating film 12 shown in FIG. 3 and the electrodeposition coating process and electrodeposition shown in FIG. Since the embodiment up to the baking step is the same as the first embodiment described above, a description thereof will be omitted.

本例の中塗り塗装工程では、アクリル樹脂、アルキド樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂などを基体樹脂とし、これに着色顔料や添加剤を添加した塗料原液を溶剤（水系塗料の場合は水）で希釈した中塗り塗料を、電着塗膜１２の表面に塗装する。そして、ボディを中塗り乾燥炉に搬送し、たとえば１３０〜１５０℃で１５分〜３０分通過させることにより、膜厚２５±２μｍの中塗り塗膜１３を形成する。   In the intermediate coating process of this example, an acrylic resin, an alkyd resin, a polyester resin, etc. are used as a base resin, and an intermediate coating solution obtained by diluting a paint stock solution to which a color pigment or additive is added with a solvent (in the case of water-based paints) A paint is applied to the surface of the electrodeposition coating film 12. Then, the intermediate coating film 13 having a film thickness of 25 ± 2 μm is formed by transporting the body to an intermediate coating drying furnace and passing the body at 130 to 150 ° C. for 15 to 30 minutes, for example.

なお、この中塗り塗膜１３に代えて、上述した第１実施形態の中塗り塗膜１３Ａ，１３Ｂを採用しても良い。   Instead of the intermediate coating film 13, the above-described intermediate coating films 13A and 13B of the first embodiment may be employed.

本例の上塗り塗装工程は、アクリル樹脂、アルキド樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂などを基体樹脂とし、これに着色顔料や添加剤を添加した塗料原液を溶剤（水系塗料の場合は水）で希釈したソリッドカラーの上塗り塗料を、中塗り塗膜１３の表面に塗装する工程であるが、本例の上塗り塗装工程は、第１ステージと第２ステージとから構成されている。   In this example, the top coat process uses a base resin of acrylic resin, alkyd resin, polyester resin, etc., and a solid color solution obtained by diluting a paint stock solution to which a color pigment or additive is added with a solvent (water for water-based paints). In this process, the top coating is applied to the surface of the intermediate coating film 13. The top coating process in this example includes a first stage and a second stage.

まず、第１ステージでは、上述した光輝性顔料を含有しないオリジナルの上塗りソリッド塗料に、アルミフレークやマイカ箔などの光輝性顔料を、好ましくは樹脂成分１００重量部に対して１４重量部以上の含有比率で添加し、この光輝性顔料含有上塗り塗料を、回転霧化式塗装ガンを用いて塗装する。   First, in the first stage, the original topcoat solid paint that does not contain the above-mentioned glittering pigment contains a glittering pigment such as aluminum flake or mica foil, preferably 14 parts by weight or more with respect to 100 parts by weight of the resin component. It is added at a ratio, and this glittering pigment-containing top coat is applied using a rotary atomizing paint gun.

このとき、光輝性顔料含有上塗り塗料の塗装条件は、中塗り塗膜１３の表面に塗着するときの上塗り塗粒の平均粒径が、光輝性顔料の平均粒径以下となる条件である。上記第１実施形態でも説明したが、一般的に、自動車用上塗りベース塗料中に含まれる光輝性顔料の平均粒径Ｒは１０〜３０μｍ程度であり、厚みは０．２〜１μｍ程度である。したがって、含有する鱗片状光輝性顔料の主面の平均直径が２０μｍであるときは、上塗り塗料の塗着時の粒径を２０μｍ以下に微粒化して塗装する。また、回転霧化式塗装ガンを用いて塗装する場合には、第１実施形態と同趣旨で、本例の第１ステージでは、塗着時の光輝性顔料含有上塗り塗料の平均粒径が鱗片状光輝性顔料の平均粒径以下となるように、ベルカップの周速度を１８０〜２４０ｍ／ｓｅｃ（直径５０ｍｍのベルカップを用いた場合は回転数７０，０００〜９０，０００ｒｐｍに相当する。）で制御しながら塗装する。   At this time, the coating condition of the glitter pigment-containing top coat is such that the average particle diameter of the top coat particles when applied to the surface of the intermediate coating film 13 is equal to or less than the average particle diameter of the glitter pigment. As described in the first embodiment, generally, the average particle diameter R of the glitter pigment contained in the automotive topcoat base paint is about 10 to 30 μm, and the thickness is about 0.2 to 1 μm. Therefore, when the average diameter of the main surface of the scale-like glittering pigment contained is 20 μm, the particle size at the time of application of the top coating is reduced to 20 μm or less and applied. In addition, when painting using a rotary atomizing paint gun, the average particle size of the glittering pigment-containing topcoat at the time of application is the scaly in the first stage of this example for the same purpose as in the first embodiment. The peripheral speed of the bell cup is 180 to 240 m / sec so as to be equal to or less than the average particle diameter of the bright glitter pigment (corresponding to a rotational speed of 70,000 to 90,000 rpm when a bell cup having a diameter of 50 mm is used). Paint while controlling with.

本例では、アルミフレークやマイカ箔のような鱗片状光輝性顔料を上塗りソリッド塗料に含有させ、この塗料を第１ステージにて、７±２μｍの膜厚になるように塗装する。このように、塗着時（もしくは塗着直前）の塗料粒子の平均粒径が光輝性顔料の平均粒径よりも小さくすることにより、多量もしくは高速のエアー流れを形成することなく、光輝性顔料を塗装面に平行に配向させることができ、もって下地隠蔽力を高めることができる。   In this example, scaly glitter pigments such as aluminum flakes and mica foil are included in the top-coated solid paint, and this paint is applied on the first stage so as to have a film thickness of 7 ± 2 μm. Thus, by making the average particle size of the paint particles at the time of coating (or just before coating) smaller than the average particle size of the bright pigment, the bright pigment can be formed without forming a large quantity or high-speed air flow. Can be oriented parallel to the painted surface, thereby enhancing the base concealing power.

図３及び図４に戻り、上塗り塗装工程の第１ステージにて光輝性顔料含有上塗り塗料を上述した条件で塗装したら、ウェットオンウェットで、本来の上塗りソリッド塗料を３±２μｍの膜厚になるように塗装する。この第２ステージでは、光輝性顔料を含有しないオリジナルの上塗りソリッド塗料を、たとえば回転霧化式塗装ガンを用いて、そのベルカップの周速度を、上述した第１ステージよりも小さい、たとえば５０〜１１０ｍ／ｓｅｃ（直径５０ｍｍのベルカップを用いた場合は回転数２０，０００〜４０，０００ｒｐｍに相当する。）で制御しながら塗装する。   Returning to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, when the glitter pigment-containing top coat is applied in the first stage of the top coat process under the above-described conditions, the original top coat solid paint has a thickness of 3 ± 2 μm by wet-on-wet. Paint like so. In this second stage, an original top-coated solid paint containing no glittering pigment, for example, using a rotary atomizing paint gun, the peripheral speed of the bell cup is smaller than that of the first stage described above, for example 50- The coating is carried out while controlling at 110 m / sec (when a bell cup having a diameter of 50 mm is used, it corresponds to a rotational speed of 20,000 to 40,000 rpm).

なお、この第２ステージは、上塗り塗膜本来の機能、すなわち意匠性（色目）及び防錆性能が発揮されれば充分であることから、回転霧化式塗装ガンには何ら限定されず、また回転霧化式塗装ガンを用いて塗装する場合であっても上述したベルカップの回転数は必須の塗装条件ではない。   This second stage is not limited to the rotary atomizing paint gun because it is sufficient if the original function of the top coat film, that is, the design (color) and rust prevention performance is exhibited. Even in the case of painting using a rotary atomizing paint gun, the rotation speed of the bell cup described above is not an essential painting condition.

また、第１ステージにて光輝性顔料含有塗料を塗装したのち、これを焼き付け、硬化塗膜の表面に第２ステージの上塗りソリッド塗料を塗装しても良い。   Alternatively, after the glitter pigment-containing paint is applied in the first stage, this may be baked and the second-stage top-coated solid paint may be applied to the surface of the cured coating film.

以上の第１ステージと第２ステージを終了したら、図３に示すように中塗り塗膜１３の表面に、７±２μｍの光輝性顔料含有上塗り塗膜１４Ａと、３±２μｍの光輝性顔料を含有しない上塗り塗膜１４Ｂが形成されるので、次にボディを上塗り乾燥炉に搬送し、たとえば１３０〜１５０℃で１５分〜３０分通過させることにより、膜厚１０±４μｍの上塗り塗膜１４が形成される（図４の上塗り焼き付け工程）。   When the first stage and the second stage are completed, as shown in FIG. 3, a 7 ± 2 μm bright pigment-containing topcoat film 14A and a 3 ± 2 μm bright pigment are applied to the surface of the intermediate coating film 13. Since the top coating film 14B that does not contain is formed, the top coating film 14 having a film thickness of 10 ± 4 μm is formed by transporting the body to a top coating drying furnace and passing the body at 130 to 150 ° C. for 15 to 30 minutes, for example. It is formed (top coat baking process of FIG. 4).

上述したとおり、従来の上塗り塗装方法では、グレー色である中塗り塗膜を隠蔽するには最低でも１５μｍの膜厚が必要とされたが、本例のように第１ステージにて光輝性顔料を含有する上塗り塗料を上記の条件で超微粒化して塗装することで隠蔽力が向上し、これにより約５μｍ薄膜化することができる。   As described above, in the conventional top coating method, a film thickness of at least 15 μm is required to hide the gray intermediate coating film. As in this example, the glitter pigment is used in the first stage. When the top coating composition containing is superfinely coated under the above conditions, the hiding power is improved, and thereby a thin film of about 5 μm can be obtained.

なお、以上説明した実施形態は、本発明の理解を容易にするために記載されたものであって、本発明を限定するために記載されたものではない。したがって、上記の実施形態に開示された各要素は、本発明の技術的範囲に属する全ての設計変更や均等物をも含む趣旨である。   The embodiment described above is described in order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, and is not described in order to limit the present invention. Therefore, each element disclosed in the above embodiment is intended to include all design changes and equivalents belonging to the technical scope of the present invention.

本発明の塗装方法により塗装した積層塗膜の一例を示す塗膜断面図である。It is coating film sectional drawing which shows an example of the laminated coating film coated with the coating method of this invention. 図１に示す積層塗膜の塗装工程を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the coating process of the laminated coating film shown in FIG. 本発明の塗装方法により塗装した積層塗膜の他の例を示す塗膜断面図である。It is coating film sectional drawing which shows the other example of the laminated coating film coated with the coating method of this invention. 図３に示す積層塗膜の塗装工程を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the coating process of the laminated coating film shown in FIG. 本発明の塗装方法に係る光輝性顔料の一例を示す正面図および側面図である。It is the front view and side view which show an example of the luster pigment which concerns on the coating method of this invention. 本発明の塗装方法に係る第１ステージでの塗着メカニズムを説明するための模式図である。It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the coating mechanism in the 1st stage which concerns on the coating method of this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１…光輝性顔料
３…塗料粒子
４…被塗物
１１…鋼板
１２…電着塗膜
１３…中塗り塗膜
１３Ａ…光輝性顔料含有中塗り塗膜
１３Ｂ…中塗り塗膜
１４…上塗り塗膜
１４Ａ…光輝性顔料含有上塗り塗膜
１４Ｂ…上塗り塗膜

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Bright pigment 3 ... Paint particle 4 ... Coating object 11 ... Steel plate 12 ... Electrode coating 13 ... Intermediate coating 13A ... Bright pigment containing intermediate coating 13B ... Intermediate coating 14 ... Top coating 14A: Top coating film containing glitter pigment 14B: Top coating film

Claims (8)

光輝性顔料を含まないソリッド塗料に光輝性顔料を含有させた塗料を、塗装面に塗着するときの前記塗料の平均粒径が前記光輝性顔料の平均粒径以下となるように霧化して塗装する第１ステージと、
前記第１ステージで形成された塗膜上に前記ソリッド塗料を霧化塗装する第２ステージと、を有することを特徴とする塗装方法。 A paint containing a glitter pigment in a solid paint not containing a glitter pigment is atomized so that the average particle diameter of the paint when applied to a painted surface is equal to or less than the average particle diameter of the glitter pigment. The first stage to paint,
And a second stage for atomizing and painting the solid paint on the coating film formed in the first stage. 前記第２ステージにおいて、前記第１ステージの平均粒径より大きい平均粒径となるように前記ソリッド塗料を霧化して塗装することを特徴とする請求項１記載の塗装方法。 2. The coating method according to claim 1, wherein in the second stage, the solid paint is atomized so as to have an average particle size larger than the average particle size of the first stage. 前記第１及び第２ステージにおいて回転霧化式塗装ガンが用いられ、前記第１ステージにおける前記回転霧化式塗装ガンのベルカップの周速度が１８０〜２４０ｍ／ｓｅｃであり、前記第２ステージにおける前記回転霧化式塗装ガンのベルカップの周速度が５０〜１１０ｍ／ｓｅｃであることを特徴とする請求項１又は２記載の塗装方法。 A rotary atomizing paint gun is used in the first and second stages, a peripheral speed of a bell cup of the rotary atomizing paint gun in the first stage is 180 to 240 m / sec, and in the second stage The coating method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a peripheral speed of the bell cup of the rotary atomizing coating gun is 50 to 110 m / sec. 前記第１ステージにおける光輝性顔料含有塗料の樹脂成分１００重量部に対する光輝性顔料の含有比率は、１４重量部以上であることを特徴とする請求項１〜３の何れかに記載の塗装方法。 The coating method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a content ratio of the bright pigment to 100 parts by weight of the resin component of the bright pigment-containing paint in the first stage is 14 parts by weight or more. 前記ソリッド塗料が中塗り塗料であり、前記第１ステージで形成される塗膜の膜厚が５±２μｍ、前記第２ステージで形成される塗膜の膜厚が１５±２μｍであることを特徴とする請求項１〜４の何れかに記載の塗装方法。 The solid paint is an intermediate paint, and the film thickness of the coating film formed in the first stage is 5 ± 2 μm, and the film thickness of the coating film formed in the second stage is 15 ± 2 μm. The coating method according to any one of claims 1 to 4. 前記ソリッド塗料が上塗り塗料であり、前記第１ステージで形成される塗膜の膜厚が７±２μｍ、前記第２ステージで形成される塗膜の膜厚が３±２μｍであることを特徴とする請求項１〜４の何れかに記載の塗装方法。 The solid coating is a top coating, and the film thickness of the coating film formed in the first stage is 7 ± 2 μm, and the film thickness of the coating film formed in the second stage is 3 ± 2 μm. The coating method according to any one of claims 1 to 4. 前記第１ステージにて塗装し、ウェットオンウェットで前記第２ステージにて塗装し、その後、これら第１及び第２ステージで塗装した塗膜を同時に焼き付けることを特徴とする請求項１〜６の何れかに記載の塗装方法。 The coating of the first stage, the wet-on-wet coating of the second stage, and then the coating of the first and second stages is simultaneously baked. The coating method in any one. ベルカップへ塗料を供給する塗料供給系と、
前記ベルカップの周速度を調節する周速度調節器と、
これら塗料供給系及び周速度調節器を制御する制御手段とを備え、光輝性顔料を含まないソリッド塗料に光輝性顔料を含有させた塗料を、塗装面に塗着するときの前記塗料の平均粒径が前記光輝性顔料の平均粒径以下となるように前記塗料を霧化して塗装する第１ステージに設けられた回転霧化式塗装装置と、
前記第１ステージで形成された塗膜上に前記ソリッド塗料を霧化塗装する、第２ステージに設けられた塗装装置と、を有することを特徴とする塗装システム。


A paint supply system for supplying paint to the bell cup;
A peripheral speed adjuster for adjusting the peripheral speed of the bell cup;
Control means for controlling the paint supply system and the peripheral speed controller, and the average particle size of the paint when the paint containing the glitter pigment in the solid paint not containing the glitter pigment is applied to the painted surface A rotary atomizing coating device provided in a first stage for atomizing and coating the paint so that the diameter is equal to or less than the average particle diameter of the glitter pigment;
And a coating apparatus provided on the second stage for atomizing the solid paint on the coating film formed on the first stage.


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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS596965A (en) * 1982-07-02 1984-01-14 Toyota Motor Corp Top-coating of automobile body
JPH10156279A (en) * 1996-12-03 1998-06-16 Nof Corp Deep color metallic tone coating method and coated material
JP2000176364A (en) * 1998-12-15 2000-06-27 Kansai Paint Co Ltd Dual-layer film forming method
JP2002239454A (en) * 2001-02-16 2002-08-27 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Method for repairing coating film
JP2002301426A (en) * 2001-04-04 2002-10-15 Kansai Paint Co Ltd Method for forming double-layer coating film
JP2004290714A (en) * 2002-03-13 2004-10-21 Kansai Paint Co Ltd Coating film forming method

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS596965A (en) * 1982-07-02 1984-01-14 Toyota Motor Corp Top-coating of automobile body
JPH10156279A (en) * 1996-12-03 1998-06-16 Nof Corp Deep color metallic tone coating method and coated material
JP2000176364A (en) * 1998-12-15 2000-06-27 Kansai Paint Co Ltd Dual-layer film forming method
JP2002239454A (en) * 2001-02-16 2002-08-27 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Method for repairing coating film
JP2002301426A (en) * 2001-04-04 2002-10-15 Kansai Paint Co Ltd Method for forming double-layer coating film
JP2004290714A (en) * 2002-03-13 2004-10-21 Kansai Paint Co Ltd Coating film forming method

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