JP2006266537A - Waste treatment facility for treating refuse and sludge together - Google Patents

Waste treatment facility for treating refuse and sludge together Download PDF

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JP2006266537A
JP2006266537A JP2005082312A JP2005082312A JP2006266537A JP 2006266537 A JP2006266537 A JP 2006266537A JP 2005082312 A JP2005082312 A JP 2005082312A JP 2005082312 A JP2005082312 A JP 2005082312A JP 2006266537 A JP2006266537 A JP 2006266537A
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exhaust gas
furnace
sludge
dryer
dust
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Tatsuo Kato
龍夫 加藤
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Proterial Ltd
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Hitachi Metals Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/78—Recycling of wood or furniture waste

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  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Chimneys And Flues (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide waste treatment facility capable of dispensing with excessive equipment such as exclusive gas purification equipment for purifying a combustible gas from a combustion exhaust gas, not increasing the amount of gas and not lowering a temperature of a melting furnace as a dry exhaust gas is not returned to a melting furnace, effectively reducing NOx and decomposing a malodor component without increasing load of a dust collecting device, and recovering sludge dry dust formed in a drier as ash and slag in a secondary combustion furnace with the dust in the combustion exhaust gas. <P>SOLUTION: This waste treatment facility is provided with the drying furnace for drying sludge, and a waste treatment furnace for heating and burning the refuse and sludge dried in the drying furnace, and the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the drier is returned to the secondary combustion furnace. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、ごみ処理施設の廃棄物処理炉に係わるもので、特に塵芥と汚泥を合わせて焼却または溶融して処理する炉に好適に利用できるものである。   The present invention relates to a waste treatment furnace of a waste treatment facility, and can be suitably used particularly for a furnace that incinerates or melts and treats dust and sludge together.

従来、自治体等のごみ処理施設で焼却や溶融する廃棄物は塵芥が主体の廃棄物であり、使用される炉はこの廃棄物の性状に合わせて設計される。しかしながら、廃棄物の多様化、ごみ処理の実態に即したごみ処理区分の見直しの動きにより塵芥と汚泥を合わせて処理することが要請されつつある。また、公共事業投資の減少により設備のコストダウンが要請されているとともに、近年環境負荷の低減も不可欠なものとなっている。このような背景から、自治体等のごみ処理施設から排出されるＮＯｘやダイオキシンなどの有害物質や排ガス量の低減を低コストで実現することが要請されている。例えば特許文献１には従来の廃棄物処理施設の廃棄物処理炉及び処理方法で、乾燥汚泥を溶融炉に吹き込み汚泥を精製した可燃性ガスとスラグに転換した後、精製した可燃性ガスを汚泥乾燥設備に導入し汚泥を乾燥処理する例が開示されている。
特開２００４−２４９２８０号 Conventionally, waste that is incinerated or melted at a waste disposal facility such as a municipality is mainly waste, and the furnace used is designed according to the properties of the waste. However, due to the diversification of waste and the movement of reviewing the waste disposal category in line with the actual situation of waste disposal, it is being requested to treat waste and sludge together. In addition, there is a demand for cost reduction of facilities due to a decrease in public works investment, and in recent years it has become indispensable to reduce environmental impact. Against this background, it has been requested to realize a low cost to reduce the harmful substances and the exhaust gas amount, such as NO x and dioxins discharged from waste treatment facilities local governments. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a conventional waste treatment facility and treatment method in a waste treatment facility, in which dry sludge is blown into a melting furnace to convert the sludge into purified combustible gas and slag, and then the purified combustible gas is sludge. An example in which sludge is introduced into a drying facility and dried is disclosed.
JP 2004-249280 A

従来のごみ処理施設の廃棄物処理炉及び処理方法で、例えば特許文献１の例では、乾燥に使った後の排ガスを乾燥機の熱源として使用するために専用のガス精製設備を必要とし、設備が点数が増加する。更には乾燥排ガスを溶融炉に戻す場合は炉内のガス量が増加し温度が下がり燃焼バランスを取るのが難しくなり、ＮＯｘなどの有害物質の発生が増加したり、排ガス量が増加して集塵装置の負荷が増大するという問題があった。 In a conventional waste treatment facility and treatment method of a waste treatment facility, in the example of Patent Document 1, for example, a dedicated gas purification facility is required to use the exhaust gas after drying as a heat source for the dryer. Increases the score. Further to return the drying exhaust gas in the melting furnace becomes difficult to take the combustion balance lower the gas volume increases the temperature in the furnace, generation of harmful substances or increased, such as NO x, the amount of exhaust gas is increased There was a problem that the load of the dust collector increased.

本発明は以上のような従来技術の問題点に鑑み、汚泥を塵芥と混合して一つの炉で処理するとともに、排ガス冷却塔を出た後の燃焼排ガスの一部を使って汚泥を乾燥し、乾燥に使った後の乾燥排ガスを二次燃焼炉の入口側に供給することにより二次燃焼炉において廃棄物処理炉から排出される燃焼排ガスと乾燥に使った後の乾燥排ガスが攪拌混合されながら二次燃焼することにより、燃焼排ガスから可燃性ガスを精製する専用のガス精製設備など過大な設備を必要とせず、乾燥排ガスを溶融炉に戻さないのでガス量も増加せず溶融炉内温度を下げることなく、集塵装置の負荷も増大することなく効果的にＮＯｘを抑制でき悪臭成分も分解できるとともに、乾燥機で生成された汚泥乾燥粉塵も燃焼排ガス中のダストと合わせて二次燃焼炉で灰やスラグとして回収することもできる廃棄物処理設備を提供することを目的としている。 In view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the present invention mixes sludge with dust and treats it in a single furnace, and dries the sludge using a part of the combustion exhaust gas after leaving the exhaust gas cooling tower. By supplying the dried exhaust gas after drying to the inlet side of the secondary combustion furnace, the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the waste treatment furnace and the dried exhaust gas after drying are stirred and mixed in the secondary combustion furnace. However, the secondary combustion does not require excessive facilities such as a dedicated gas purification facility for purifying combustible gas from the combustion exhaust gas, and does not return the dry exhaust gas to the melting furnace, so the amount of gas does not increase and the melting furnace temperature without lowering the, together effectively malodorous components can be suppressed NO x may decompose without load also increases the dust collector, drier sludge drying dust generated by be combined with dust in the combustion exhaust gas secondary Ashes and so on in the combustion furnace The object is to provide a waste treatment facility that can be recovered as slag.

本願発明の廃棄物処理設備は、廃棄物を熱分解して可燃性ガスを生成する廃棄物処理炉と、廃棄物処理炉で生成された可燃性ガスを燃焼させる二次燃焼炉と、二次燃焼炉から排出された燃焼排ガスを熱源にして汚泥を乾燥させる乾燥機とを備える廃棄物処理設備であって、前記乾燥機から排出される乾燥排ガスを前記二次燃焼炉へ戻し、前記乾燥機で乾燥した汚泥と塵芥とを前記廃棄物処理炉へ供給することを特徴とする。   The waste treatment facility of the present invention includes a waste treatment furnace that thermally decomposes waste to generate a combustible gas, a secondary combustion furnace that burns the combustible gas generated in the waste treatment furnace, and a secondary A waste treatment facility comprising a dryer that dries sludge using the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the combustion furnace as a heat source, the dry exhaust gas discharged from the dryer is returned to the secondary combustion furnace, and the dryer The sludge and dust dried in step 1 are supplied to the waste treatment furnace.

本願発明の廃棄物処理設備は、塵芥と汚泥を合わせて処理する溶融炉または焼却炉を有する廃棄物処理設備であり、溶融炉本体または焼却炉本体と排ガスを処理する装置で構成されている。前記廃棄物処理設備は二次燃焼炉から出た燃焼排ガスの一部を熱源にして汚泥を乾燥させる乾燥機を備え、前記乾燥機から排出される乾燥排ガスを前記二次燃焼炉へ戻すため、乾燥排ガスを溶融炉若しくは焼却炉本体に戻すことがないので炉本体内の温度を下げることなく、また排ガス処理系にあるバグフィルタ等の除塵設備の手前に戻すこともないのでの除塵設備の負荷が大きくなることもない。更には酸素濃度の低い燃焼排ガスの一部を引き抜いて利用した乾燥機の乾燥排ガスを二次燃焼炉にもどすことにより二次燃焼炉内の酸素濃度を下げることができることと、燃焼排ガスに比べ低い温度の乾燥排ガスを二次燃焼炉に吹き込むことによりＮＯｘの発生を抑制できる。 The waste treatment facility of the present invention is a waste treatment facility having a melting furnace or an incinerator that treats dust and sludge together, and includes a melting furnace body or an incinerator body and an apparatus for treating exhaust gas. The waste treatment facility includes a dryer that dries sludge using a part of the combustion exhaust gas emitted from the secondary combustion furnace as a heat source, and returns the exhaust gas discharged from the dryer to the secondary combustion furnace. The load on the dust removal equipment because the dry exhaust gas is not returned to the melting furnace or incinerator main body, so the temperature inside the furnace main body is not lowered, and it is not returned to the front of the dust removal equipment such as a bag filter in the exhaust gas treatment system. Does not grow. Furthermore, the oxygen concentration in the secondary combustion furnace can be lowered by returning the dried exhaust gas of the dryer that is used by extracting a part of the combustion exhaust gas with a low oxygen concentration to the secondary combustion furnace, which is lower than the combustion exhaust gas. the dry exhaust gas temperature can be suppressed the occurrence of the NO x by blowing the secondary combustion furnace.

本願発明の廃棄物処理設備は、前記乾燥機から排出される前記乾燥排ガスを前記二次燃焼炉の入口側へ戻すことが好ましい。ここで、二次燃焼炉の入口側とは、二次燃焼炉から燃焼排ガスを排出する排出口より廃棄物処理炉で生成した可燃性ガスを二次燃焼炉に導入する導入口に近い位置を意味するものとする。   The waste treatment facility of the present invention preferably returns the dry exhaust gas discharged from the dryer to the inlet side of the secondary combustion furnace. Here, the inlet side of the secondary combustion furnace is a position closer to the inlet for introducing the combustible gas generated in the waste treatment furnace into the secondary combustion furnace than the outlet for discharging the combustion exhaust gas from the secondary combustion furnace. Shall mean.

乾燥排ガスを二次燃焼炉の入口側に供給することにより、廃棄物処理炉で生成した可燃性ガスと乾燥排ガスとが二次燃焼炉内で攪拌混合され十分な滞留時間を確保することができる。これにより二次燃焼炉内の酸素濃度を下げることができ、可燃性ガスと乾燥排ガスが二次燃焼炉で攪拌混合され、ＮＯｘを抑制できる。同時に乾燥排ガスに含まれる悪臭成分も燃焼分解でき、乾燥機で生成された汚泥乾燥粉塵も二次燃焼炉で灰や溶融スラグとして回収することもできる。 By supplying the dry exhaust gas to the inlet side of the secondary combustion furnace, the combustible gas generated in the waste treatment furnace and the dry exhaust gas are agitated and mixed in the secondary combustion furnace to ensure a sufficient residence time. . As a result, the oxygen concentration in the secondary combustion furnace can be lowered, and the combustible gas and the dry exhaust gas are stirred and mixed in the secondary combustion furnace, so that NO x can be suppressed. At the same time, malodorous components contained in the dry exhaust gas can be combusted and decomposed, and the sludge dry dust generated by the dryer can also be recovered as ash and molten slag in the secondary combustion furnace.

本願発明の廃棄物処理装置は、二次燃焼炉から排出された燃焼排ガスを冷却する排ガス冷却塔を備え、排ガス冷却塔から排出される冷却排ガスを熱源にして乾燥機で汚泥を乾燥させることが好ましい。排ガス冷却塔では後工程での排ガスからの熱回収を容易にするために二次燃焼炉から排出された高温の燃焼排ガスを冷却して温度２５０〜３００℃程度の冷却排ガスとする。冷却排ガスは比較的低い温度であることに加えて酸素濃度が低いため汚泥と接触しても汚泥の乾燥が急激に進み燃焼または熱分解することが少ない。したがって、冷却排ガスは汚泥を乾燥させるのに適した熱源といえる。   The waste treatment apparatus of the present invention includes an exhaust gas cooling tower for cooling the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the secondary combustion furnace, and the sludge can be dried with a dryer using the cooling exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust gas cooling tower as a heat source. preferable. In the exhaust gas cooling tower, the high-temperature combustion exhaust gas discharged from the secondary combustion furnace is cooled to make a cooling exhaust gas having a temperature of about 250 to 300 ° C. in order to facilitate heat recovery from the exhaust gas in a subsequent process. In addition to the relatively low temperature of the cooling exhaust gas, the oxygen concentration is low, so even if it comes into contact with the sludge, the sludge is rapidly dried and hardly burned or thermally decomposed. Therefore, it can be said that the cooling exhaust gas is a heat source suitable for drying sludge.

二次排ガス冷却塔ではダイオキシンの再合成を防ぐため、又は後続の排ガス処理を行いやすくするために燃焼排ガスを更に急冷却して温度１５０〜２００℃程度の冷却排ガスとする。二次排ガス冷却塔後の燃焼排ガスはやや低い温度であるため比較的低い含水率の汚泥を乾燥させる熱源として使用する。   In the secondary exhaust gas cooling tower, in order to prevent resynthesis of dioxins or to facilitate subsequent exhaust gas treatment, the combustion exhaust gas is further rapidly cooled to a cooling exhaust gas having a temperature of about 150 to 200 ° C. Since the combustion exhaust gas after the secondary exhaust gas cooling tower has a slightly low temperature, it is used as a heat source for drying sludge having a relatively low water content.

以上説明したように、本発明によれば燃焼排ガスの一部を使って汚泥を乾燥し、乾燥機から排出される乾燥排ガスを前記二次燃焼炉へ戻すため、炉本体内の温度を下げることがなく、排ガス処理設備の負荷が大きくなることもない。更には乾燥排ガスを二次燃焼炉の入口側へ戻すことで、燃焼排ガスから可燃性ガスを精製する専用の設備を設けることなく、ＮＯｘを抑制できるとともに悪臭成分も分解でき、乾燥機で生成された汚泥乾燥粉塵も灰やスラグとして回収することもできる。 As described above, according to the present invention, the sludge is dried using a part of the combustion exhaust gas, and the temperature in the furnace body is lowered in order to return the dry exhaust gas discharged from the dryer to the secondary combustion furnace. There is no increase in the load of the exhaust gas treatment facility. Furthermore, by returning the dried exhaust gas to the inlet side of the secondary combustion furnace, NO x can be suppressed and malodorous components can be decomposed without the need for special equipment to purify combustible gas from the combustion exhaust gas. The dried sludge dust can also be recovered as ash or slag.

以下、本発明の実施の形態について図１を参照して説明する。なお、本廃棄物処理炉は塵芥と汚泥を処理対象とした直接溶融炉を例として説明するが、本発明は以下の説明の実施例に限定されるものではない。   Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, although this waste processing furnace demonstrates as an example the direct melting furnace which processed dust and sludge as an example, this invention is not limited to the Example of the following description.

本態様の廃棄物処理装置は廃棄物処理炉１と塵芥を受け入れる装置と排ガスを処理する装置で構成され、前記廃棄物処理炉１は塵芥と汚泥を合わせて処理する炉であり、溶融炉本体２又は焼却炉本体１５と、排ガスダクト３と、二次燃焼室４と、ガス冷却室５で構成され、前記廃棄物処理炉１の前段には塵芥を受け入れる装置であるごみ受け入れ装置６と、投入された塵芥を粗破砕する破砕機７と、破砕された塵芥と乾燥した汚泥を一時貯留するごみホッパ８と、汚泥を受け入れる汚泥受け入れ装置１０と、汚泥を予め乾燥する乾燥機１１と、乾燥した汚泥を搬送する搬送コンベア１２と、集塵装置１３と、前記ごみホッパ８で混合された塵芥と汚泥を前記廃棄物処理炉１に供給するごみ供給コンベア９及び給塵装置２ａと、廃棄物処理炉１の後段には前記廃棄物処理炉１で前記塵芥と汚泥が処理された後に排ガス冷却塔５を経て排出される排ガスを処理する装置である排ガス処理装置１４を備えている。排ガス処理装置１４は、前記廃棄物処理炉から排出された高温ガスを再燃焼させる二次燃焼炉４の後に接続される排ガス冷却塔５より後段にある排ガスの熱を有効利用するための熱交換器、ダイオキシンの再合成を防ぐ二次排ガス冷却塔、排ガス中のダストを除去する集塵機、ダイオキシンを除去する活性炭吸着塔、誘引ファン、煙突等とで構成されている。   The waste treatment apparatus of this aspect is composed of a waste treatment furnace 1, a device for receiving dust, and a device for treating exhaust gas. The waste treatment furnace 1 is a furnace for treating dust and sludge together, and a melting furnace main body. 2 or an incinerator main body 15, an exhaust gas duct 3, a secondary combustion chamber 4, and a gas cooling chamber 5, and a waste receiving device 6 that is a device for receiving dust in the front stage of the waste treatment furnace 1, A crusher 7 for roughly crushing the input dust, a waste hopper 8 for temporarily storing the crushed dust and dried sludge, a sludge receiving device 10 for receiving sludge, a dryer 11 for drying sludge in advance, and drying A conveyor 12 for conveying the sludge, a dust collector 13, a dust supply conveyor 9 and a dust supply device 2 a for supplying dust and sludge mixed in the waste hopper 8 to the waste treatment furnace 1, and a waste Processing furnace 1 The subsequent stage comprises a flue gas treatment apparatus 14 is an apparatus for treating an exhaust gas is discharged through a flue gas cooler 5 after the dust and sludge in the waste treatment furnace 1 has been processed. The exhaust gas treatment device 14 performs heat exchange for effectively using the heat of the exhaust gas after the exhaust gas cooling tower 5 connected after the secondary combustion furnace 4 for recombusting the high temperature gas discharged from the waste treatment furnace. A secondary exhaust gas cooling tower that prevents re-synthesis of dioxin, a dust collector that removes dust in the exhaust gas, an activated carbon adsorption tower that removes dioxin, an induction fan, a chimney, and the like.

前記廃棄物処理炉１で溶融炉本体２の炉形式が直接溶融炉の場合、炉体形状は円筒状であり、燃焼・溶融時に炉内に形成される廃棄物層は上部から予熱乾燥帯Ａ、熱分解帯Ｂ、燃焼帯Ｃ、溶融帯Ｄに区分される。炉体に形成される前記廃棄物層の上方の空間は高温ガスを還元燃焼させるための燃焼室である。一方、廃棄物を加熱・燃焼・溶融させるための補助熱源は炉に投入されるコークスやプラズマトーチ２ｃより発生するプラズマである。また廃棄物の着火装置として、バーナーや前記プラズマトーチ２ｃを有する。廃棄物やコークスを燃焼させるための空気の供給口として、炉体の外周部から炉内に向かって各々廃棄物層やコークス層の燃焼に適当な位置に羽口２ｂを有する。前記廃棄物が溶融処理された溶融物の排出口として、出滓口２ｅを炉下部の側面に有する。   When the furnace type of the melting furnace body 2 in the waste treatment furnace 1 is a direct melting furnace, the shape of the furnace body is cylindrical, and the waste layer formed in the furnace during combustion and melting is preheated and dried from the top to the preheating drying zone A. , Pyrolysis zone B, combustion zone C, and melting zone D. The space above the waste layer formed in the furnace body is a combustion chamber for reducing and burning high temperature gas. On the other hand, the auxiliary heat source for heating, burning, and melting the waste is coke put into the furnace or plasma generated from the plasma torch 2c. Moreover, it has a burner and the said plasma torch 2c as a waste ignition device. As an air supply port for burning waste and coke, tuyere 2b is provided at a position suitable for combustion of the waste layer and coke layer from the outer peripheral portion of the furnace body toward the inside of the furnace. A discharge port 2e is provided on the side surface of the lower part of the furnace as a discharge port for the melt obtained by melting the waste.

廃棄物処理炉１に投入されるのは塵芥と汚泥であるが、塵芥はまずごみ受け入れ装置６にて受け入れられた後、破砕機７を介してごみホッパ８に投入される。汚泥はごみとは別の汚泥受け入れ装置１０にて受け入れられた後、乾燥機１１に供給され乾燥された後、汚泥搬送コンベア１２によりごみホッパ８に送られる。ごみホッパ８に貯留された塵芥と汚泥はごみ供給コンベア９を経て給塵装置２ａに送られ、定量的に炉内に投入される。投入された塵芥と汚泥は適度に混合された状態で炉内に予め投入されているコークスの上に順次堆積されていき廃棄物層を形成する。この廃棄物層に高温ガスが通気されるが、汚泥は廃棄物層に存在する塵芥間に形成される空隙に保持され高温ガスの流通経路が一様に確保され、廃棄物の乾燥・燃焼・溶融が安定して行われる。汚泥を予め乾燥する乾燥装置では、受け入れた汚泥は汚泥受け入れ装置１０から送り出された後、乾燥機１１に供給される。供給された汚泥は、排ガス冷却塔出口側から一部引き抜かれた乾燥熱源である排ガスを乾燥機１１内に送風しながら攪拌、乾燥される。乾燥された汚泥は汚泥搬送コンベア１２によりごみホッパ８に供給される。また、乾燥熱源として使われた乾燥機排ガスの排気は集塵装置１３を経て乾燥機排気戻しダクト４ａにより二次燃焼炉４の入口側４ａに戻される。排ガス処理装置１４では、廃棄物が焼却、溶融処理された後に前記二次燃焼炉４で再燃焼されて出てくる燃焼排ガスと汚泥乾燥排ガスを処理する。   The waste and the sludge are thrown into the waste treatment furnace 1, but the dust is first received by the dust receiving device 6 and then put into the waste hopper 8 through the crusher 7. The sludge is received by a sludge receiving device 10 separate from the waste, supplied to the dryer 11 and dried, and then sent to the waste hopper 8 by the sludge transport conveyor 12. The dust and sludge stored in the garbage hopper 8 are sent to the dust supply device 2a through the garbage supply conveyor 9, and quantitatively charged into the furnace. The charged dust and sludge are sequentially deposited on the coke previously charged in the furnace in a properly mixed state to form a waste layer. High-temperature gas is passed through this waste layer, but sludge is retained in the voids formed between the dusts present in the waste layer, ensuring a uniform distribution path for the high-temperature gas, and drying, burning, Melting is performed stably. In the drying device that dries sludge in advance, the received sludge is fed from the sludge receiving device 10 and then supplied to the dryer 11. The supplied sludge is stirred and dried while the exhaust gas, which is a drying heat source partially extracted from the exhaust gas cooling tower outlet side, is blown into the dryer 11. The dried sludge is supplied to the waste hopper 8 by the sludge transporting conveyor 12. The exhaust gas of the dryer exhaust gas used as the drying heat source is returned to the inlet side 4a of the secondary combustion furnace 4 by the dryer exhaust return duct 4a through the dust collector 13. In the exhaust gas treatment device 14, after the waste is incinerated and melted, the combustion exhaust gas and the sludge dry exhaust gas that are recombusted in the secondary combustion furnace 4 are processed.

（第１実施態様）
先ず、本発明にかかる廃棄物処理炉の概略構成について図1を用いて説明する。図１に示すように本廃棄物処理炉１は、溶融炉本体２と排ガスダクト３と、二次燃焼炉４と、排ガス冷却塔５と、二次燃焼排ガスの一部を引き抜く乾燥用排ガスダクト５ａと、乾燥機排気戻しダクト４ａと、汚泥を乾燥する乾燥機１１と、塵芥と汚泥を投入するごみホッパ８と、混合された塵芥と汚泥を溶融炉本体２に供給するごみ供給コンベア９を備えて構成されている。 (First embodiment)
First, a schematic configuration of a waste treatment furnace according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, the present waste treatment furnace 1 includes a melting furnace main body 2, an exhaust gas duct 3, a secondary combustion furnace 4, an exhaust gas cooling tower 5, and a drying exhaust gas duct for extracting a part of the secondary combustion exhaust gas. 5a, a dryer exhaust return duct 4a, a dryer 11 for drying sludge, a waste hopper 8 for introducing dust and sludge, and a waste supply conveyor 9 for supplying the mixed dust and sludge to the melting furnace body 2 It is prepared for.

以下にくわしく各部について説明する。溶融炉本体２の上方には燃焼排ガスダクト３が接続され、前記溶融炉本体２から排出された高温ガスを再燃焼させる二次燃焼炉４が備えられている。また前記二次燃焼炉４の排ガス入口近傍には乾燥機排気戻しダクト４ａが接続されている。前記二次燃焼炉４の出口側には排ガス冷却塔５を備え、前記排ガス冷却塔５の出口側排ガスダクトの途中には排ガスの一部を乾燥機１１に送る乾燥用排ガスダクト５ａが分岐して設けられている。前記乾燥用排ガスダクト５ａは前記乾燥機１１に接続される。前記乾燥機１１の排気路の先には乾燥汚泥粉塵を除塵するサイクロンと乾燥送風機と乾燥機排気ダクトで構成される集塵装置１３を備えている。前記集塵装置１３は前記乾燥機排気戻しダクト４ａを経て前記二次燃焼炉４の排ガス入口側に接続されている。一方、前記乾燥機１１に汚泥を供給する汚泥受け入れ装置１０が備えられ、前記汚泥受け入れ装置１０の出口側に前記一部引き抜かれた排ガスの一部により汚泥を乾燥する前記乾燥機１１が備えられている。また、前記乾燥機１１で乾燥された汚泥をごみホッパ８に供給する汚泥搬送コンベア１２を備え、前記汚泥搬送コンベア１２の先に前記塵芥と乾燥された汚泥を受け入れる前記ごみホッパ８を備え、前記ごみホッパ８から供給される前記混合された塵芥と乾燥された汚泥を前記溶融炉本体２に供給するごみ供給コンベア９と給塵装置２ａを備えている。   Each part will be described in detail below. A combustion exhaust gas duct 3 is connected above the melting furnace body 2, and a secondary combustion furnace 4 for recombusting the high-temperature gas discharged from the melting furnace body 2 is provided. A dryer exhaust return duct 4 a is connected in the vicinity of the exhaust gas inlet of the secondary combustion furnace 4. An exhaust gas cooling tower 5 is provided on the outlet side of the secondary combustion furnace 4, and a drying exhaust gas duct 5 a for sending a part of the exhaust gas to the dryer 11 branches in the middle of the exhaust gas duct on the outlet side of the exhaust gas cooling tower 5. Is provided. The drying exhaust gas duct 5 a is connected to the dryer 11. At the tip of the exhaust passage of the dryer 11, a dust collector 13 including a cyclone for removing the dried sludge dust, a drying blower, and a dryer exhaust duct is provided. The dust collector 13 is connected to the exhaust gas inlet side of the secondary combustion furnace 4 through the dryer exhaust return duct 4a. On the other hand, a sludge receiving device 10 that supplies sludge to the dryer 11 is provided, and the dryer 11 that dries sludge with a part of the exhaust gas that has been partially extracted is provided on the outlet side of the sludge receiving device 10. ing. The sludge transport conveyor 12 for supplying the sludge dried by the dryer 11 to the waste hopper 8, the waste hopper 8 for receiving the dust and the sludge dried at the tip of the sludge transport conveyor 12, A dust supply conveyor 9 and a dust supply device 2 a for supplying the mixed dust and dried sludge supplied from the waste hopper 8 to the melting furnace body 2 are provided.

以下に本廃棄物処理設備の働きについて処理廃棄物である塵芥と汚泥の処理手順に従って説明する。まず、ごみ供給コンベア９の途中からコークスと石灰が供給されて給塵装置２ａを経て溶融炉本体２に投入される。投入されたコークスは溶融帯Ｄにコークスが充填層として形成される。次にコークス充填層に向けプラズマトーチ２ｃで発生するプラズマにより加熱された高温空気を吹き込みながらコークスを燃焼させる。この状態で前記給塵装置２ａより塵芥と汚泥を供給して予熱乾燥帯Ａ及び熱分解帯Ｂに廃棄物層を形成する。前記廃棄物層では溶融帯Ｄにある燃焼している前記コークス充填層からの熱とプラズマトーチ２ｃからの高温空気と熱分解帯Ｂ及び予熱乾燥帯Ａのある羽口２ｂからの燃焼空気により予熱乾燥帯Ａ、熱分解帯Ｂ、燃焼帯Ｃでは燃焼が、溶融帯Ｄでは溶融が行われる。燃焼、溶融の進行に伴い、コークスと廃棄物層の境界は渾然となり廃棄物が多い予熱乾燥帯Ａ、熱分解帯Ｂ、燃焼帯Ｃ、コークスが多い溶融帯Ｄで状態変化が連続的な層を形成する。燃焼、溶融により発生した高温ガスは前記溶融炉本体２の上方の燃焼室２ｆで燃焼された後、排ガスダクト３を経て二次燃焼炉４で再燃焼され、排ガス冷却塔５で冷やされた後空気予熱器、二次排ガス冷却塔、濾過式集塵機、活性炭吸着塔等で構成されている排ガス処理装置１４に導かれ排出される。この燃焼排ガスは排ガス冷却塔５を出た後で分岐して一部引き抜かれて乾燥機１１にも送気される。一方、前記乾燥機１１の形式はロータリーキルン型等であり、汚泥受け入れ装置１０から投入された汚泥は、前記乾燥用排ガスダクト５ａで一部引き抜かれた排ガスを熱源とし前記乾燥機１１により乾燥汚泥になるまで攪拌される。乾燥に使われた排ガスは乾燥汚泥粉塵を含むため集塵装置１３で除塵した後、乾燥機排気戻しダクト４ａを通して前記二次燃焼炉４の入口側に戻され再燃焼される。一方、前記乾燥機１１で乾燥した汚泥は汚泥搬送コンベア１２でごみホッパ８まで搬送される。また、前記ごみホッパ８には前記塵芥と前記汚泥が適宜供給され、前記ごみホッパ８内である程度混合された状態となる。この状態となった前記塵芥と前記汚泥が供給コンベア９にて搬送され給塵装置２ａにより溶融炉本体２に投入される。   Hereinafter, the operation of the present waste treatment facility will be described in accordance with the treatment procedure of dust and sludge as the treatment waste. First, coke and lime are supplied from the middle of the waste supply conveyor 9 and are put into the melting furnace main body 2 through the dust supply device 2a. The charged coke is formed in the molten zone D as a packed bed. Next, the coke is burned while blowing high-temperature air heated by the plasma generated by the plasma torch 2c toward the coke packed bed. In this state, dust and sludge are supplied from the dust supply device 2a to form a waste layer in the preheating drying zone A and the pyrolysis zone B. The waste layer is preheated by heat from the burning coke packed bed in the melting zone D, hot air from the plasma torch 2c, combustion air from the tuyere 2b having the pyrolysis zone B and the preheating drying zone A. Combustion is performed in the drying zone A, pyrolysis zone B, and combustion zone C, and melting is performed in the melting zone D. As combustion and melting progress, the boundary between the coke and waste layer becomes stagnant, and the state changes continuously in the preheating drying zone A, pyrolysis zone B, combustion zone C, and melting zone D with much coke. Form. After the high temperature gas generated by combustion and melting is burned in the combustion chamber 2f above the melting furnace body 2, it is recombusted in the secondary combustion furnace 4 through the exhaust gas duct 3, and cooled in the exhaust gas cooling tower 5. It is led to an exhaust gas treatment device 14 composed of an air preheater, a secondary exhaust gas cooling tower, a filtration dust collector, an activated carbon adsorption tower, and the like, and is discharged. The combustion exhaust gas branches after exiting the exhaust gas cooling tower 5, is partially extracted, and is also sent to the dryer 11. On the other hand, the type of the dryer 11 is a rotary kiln type or the like, and the sludge introduced from the sludge receiving apparatus 10 is converted into dry sludge by the dryer 11 using the exhaust gas partially extracted by the drying exhaust gas duct 5a as a heat source. Stir until. Since the exhaust gas used for drying contains dried sludge dust, it is removed by the dust collector 13 and then returned to the inlet side of the secondary combustion furnace 4 through the dryer exhaust return duct 4a and recombusted. On the other hand, the sludge dried by the dryer 11 is transported to the waste hopper 8 by the sludge transport conveyor 12. Further, the dust hopper 8 is appropriately supplied with the dust and the sludge, and is mixed to some extent in the garbage hopper 8. The dust and the sludge in this state are conveyed by the supply conveyor 9 and charged into the melting furnace main body 2 by the dust supply device 2a.

排ガス冷却塔５から乾燥用排ガスダクト５ａで一部引き抜かれた燃焼排ガスは２５０〜３００℃の温度があり、Ｎ２、ＣＯ２、ＣＯ、Ｈ２Ｏ、未燃炭素、窒素化合物などを含んでおり可燃成分も含む。この燃焼排ガスを熱源として汚泥の攪拌に適した機構を持つロータリーキルン型等の前記乾燥機１１に供給しつつ、ともに溶融炉で溶融する塵芥と同程度になる迄汚泥を乾燥させる。前記乾燥機１１では燃焼しないように温度制御され、ＣＯなどの還元性可燃成分は乾燥時に発生した汚泥粉塵と共に乾燥に使われ、乾燥機１１から排出される排ガスは乾燥汚泥粉塵を含むため集塵装置１３で除塵した後、乾燥機排気戻しダクト４ａを通して前記二次燃焼炉４の入口側に戻される。前記二次燃焼炉４の入口側に供給される乾燥機排ガスは二次燃焼炉４の主流の流れとなっている溶融炉で発生した約５００〜１０００℃の可燃性ガスの流れに前記二次燃焼炉４の入口側の側面から二次燃焼炉４の軸方向に向かって分散して流入させることにより燃焼排ガスの流れにより大きな乱流を引き起こすような作用を与える。また、乾燥機排ガスは１５０〜２００℃程度に低下しており二次燃焼炉４に供給されると二次燃焼燃焼温度が１０００℃適度に抑制されるとともに、乾燥機排ガスに含まれるＮ２、ＣＯ２などの燃焼に寄与しない成分を含むため前記二次燃焼炉４での雰囲気を還元性雰囲気の状態で燃焼させることができ、窒素酸化物のＮＯｘへの再転換を抑止しつつ残留するＮＯｘをＮ２にまで分解することができる。また、乾燥機排ガスに含まれる悪臭成分も二次燃焼炉４に戻して効果的に分解するので排ガス処理として活性炭等による脱臭が不要であり、悪臭が系外にもれることもない。更には乾燥機排ガス中に含まれる汚泥ダストも前記二次燃焼炉４に戻して燃焼分解され灰またはスラグとして高温燃焼排ガスの灰またはスラグと共に回収される。したがって後段の排ガス処理設備１４の負荷の増大も抑えることができる。一方、乾燥機排ガスを前記二次燃焼炉４の入口側に戻さず、出口側より後段に戻した場合は、乾燥機排ガスを前記二次燃焼炉４の入口側の側面から二次燃焼炉４の軸方向に向かって分散して流入させることもないので燃焼排ガスの流れにより大きな乱流を引き起こす作用も与えることができない。また、乾燥機排ガスを二次燃焼炉４に供給しないため二次燃焼燃焼温度が適度に抑制されることもなく、乾燥機排ガスに含まれるＮ２、ＣＯ２などの燃焼に寄与しない成分を含むが、乾燥機排ガスは前記二次燃焼炉４を介さないので雰囲気を還元性雰囲気の状態で燃焼させることもできず、窒素酸化物のＮＯｘへの再転換を抑止しつつ残留するＮＯｘをＮ２にまで分解する効果も低減される。また、乾燥機排ガスに含まれる悪臭成分も二次燃焼炉４を介さないので効果的に分解することもできない。排ガス処理として活性炭等による脱臭が必要になり、更には乾燥機排ガス中に含まれる汚泥ダストは前記二次燃焼炉４を介さないので燃焼分解されず、灰またはスラグと共に回収されることもなく、燃焼排ガスと共に排ガス処理装置１４に供給され負荷を増大させる。 The combustion exhaust gas partially extracted from the exhaust gas cooling tower 5 by the drying exhaust gas duct 5a has a temperature of 250 to 300 ° C., and includes N 2 , CO 2 , CO, H 2 O, unburned carbon, nitrogen compounds, and the like. Contains flammable ingredients. While supplying this combustion exhaust gas as a heat source to the dryer 11 such as a rotary kiln type having a mechanism suitable for sludge stirring, the sludge is dried until it becomes the same level as the dust melted in the melting furnace. The temperature is controlled so that it does not burn in the dryer 11, reducing combustible components such as CO are used for drying together with sludge dust generated during drying, and the exhaust gas discharged from the dryer 11 contains dried sludge dust. After the dust is removed by the device 13, it is returned to the inlet side of the secondary combustion furnace 4 through the dryer exhaust return duct 4a. The dryer exhaust gas supplied to the inlet side of the secondary combustion furnace 4 is added to the flow of the combustible gas of about 500 to 1000 ° C. generated in the melting furnace which is the main flow of the secondary combustion furnace 4. By dispersing and flowing in the axial direction of the secondary combustion furnace 4 from the side surface on the inlet side of the combustion furnace 4, an action that causes a large turbulent flow due to the flow of the combustion exhaust gas is given. Further, the dryer exhaust gas is reduced to about 150 to 200 ° C., and when supplied to the secondary combustion furnace 4, the secondary combustion combustion temperature is moderately suppressed by 1000 ° C., and N 2 contained in the dryer exhaust gas, Since it contains components that do not contribute to combustion, such as CO 2 , the atmosphere in the secondary combustion furnace 4 can be burned in a reducing atmosphere, and remains while inhibiting reconversion of nitrogen oxides to NO x . NO x can be broken down to N 2 . Moreover, the malodorous component contained in the dryer exhaust gas is returned to the secondary combustion furnace 4 and is effectively decomposed, so that deodorization with activated carbon or the like is not required for the exhaust gas treatment, and the malodor does not escape from the system. Furthermore, the sludge dust contained in the dryer exhaust gas is also returned to the secondary combustion furnace 4 and combusted and decomposed and recovered as ash or slag together with the ash or slag of the high temperature combustion exhaust gas. Accordingly, an increase in the load of the exhaust gas treatment facility 14 at the subsequent stage can be suppressed. On the other hand, when the dryer exhaust gas is not returned to the inlet side of the secondary combustion furnace 4 but is returned to the subsequent stage from the outlet side, the dryer exhaust gas is discharged from the side surface on the inlet side of the secondary combustion furnace 4 to the secondary combustion furnace 4. Therefore, there is no effect of causing a large turbulent flow due to the flow of the combustion exhaust gas. In addition, since the exhaust gas from the dryer is not supplied to the secondary combustion furnace 4, the secondary combustion combustion temperature is not moderately suppressed, and components such as N 2 and CO 2 contained in the dryer exhaust gas do not contribute to combustion. but dryer exhaust can not be burned in a state of reducing atmosphere the atmosphere so not via the secondary combustion furnace 4, the nO x remaining while suppressing re-conversion to nO x nitrogen oxides The effect of decomposing to N 2 is also reduced. Moreover, the malodorous component contained in the dryer exhaust gas does not pass through the secondary combustion furnace 4 and therefore cannot be decomposed effectively. Deodorization with activated carbon or the like is required as an exhaust gas treatment, and further, the sludge dust contained in the exhaust gas of the dryer does not pass through the secondary combustion furnace 4 and is not burned and decomposed, and is not recovered together with ash or slag, It is supplied to the exhaust gas treatment device 14 together with the combustion exhaust gas to increase the load.

（第２実施態様）
次に本発明にかかる廃棄物処理炉の概略構成について図２を用いて説明する。図２に示すように本廃棄物処理炉１は、流動床式ガス化炉と前記二次燃焼炉４に相当する旋回溶融炉１６と排ガスダクト３と、排ガス冷却塔５と、二次燃焼排ガスの一部を引き抜く乾燥用排ガスダクト５ａと、汚泥を乾燥する乾燥機１１と、塵芥と汚泥を投入するごみホッパ８と、混合された塵芥と汚泥を溶融炉本体２に供給するごみ供給コンベア９を備えて構成されている。 (Second embodiment)
Next, a schematic configuration of the waste treatment furnace according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, the present waste treatment furnace 1 includes a fluidized bed gasification furnace, a swirl melting furnace 16 corresponding to the secondary combustion furnace 4, an exhaust gas duct 3, an exhaust gas cooling tower 5, and a secondary combustion exhaust gas. A part of the exhaust gas duct 5a for drying, a dryer 11 for drying sludge, a waste hopper 8 for introducing dust and sludge, and a dust supply conveyor 9 for supplying the mixed dust and sludge to the melting furnace body 2 It is configured with.

以下に各部について詳細に説明する。前述の廃棄物処理炉が流動床式ガス化炉と旋回溶融炉１６で構成されている場合は、前段の処理炉である流動床式ガス化炉に投入された塵芥と汚泥はほとんど無酸素の状態でかつ低温で乾燥・熱分解し発生した熱分解ガスとカーボン残渣は溶融炉本体に送られる。それと同時に金属などの不燃物を回収する。旋回溶融炉１６ではカーボン残渣の灰分を熱分解ガスとカーボン残渣の燃焼熱により溶融しスラグ化する。   Each part will be described in detail below. When the above-mentioned waste treatment furnace is composed of a fluidized bed gasification furnace and a swirl melting furnace 16, the dust and sludge introduced into the fluidized bed gasification furnace, which is the preceding treatment furnace, are almost oxygen-free. Pyrolysis gas and carbon residue generated by drying and pyrolysis at low temperature in a state are sent to the melting furnace body. At the same time, collect non-combustible materials such as metals. In the slewing melting furnace 16, the ash content of the carbon residue is melted by the pyrolysis gas and the combustion heat of the carbon residue to slag.

第２実施態様の場合、前記二次燃焼炉４に相当する部分が旋回溶融炉本体２になる。旋回溶融炉１６の出口には排ガスダクト３が接続され、排ガス冷却塔５に接続される。また前記旋回溶融炉１６の排ガス入口側には乾燥機排気戻しダクト４ａが接続されている。前記旋回溶融炉１６の出口側には排ガス冷却塔５を備え、前記排ガス冷却塔５の出口側排ガスダクトの途中には排ガスの一部を乾燥機１１に送る乾燥用排ガスダクト５ａが分岐して設けられている。前記乾燥用排ガスダクト５ａは前記乾燥機１１に接続される。前記乾燥機１１の排気路の先には乾燥汚泥粉塵を除塵するサイクロンと乾燥送風機と乾燥機排気ダクトで構成される集塵装置１３を備えている。前記集塵装置１３は前記乾燥機排気戻しダクト４ａを経て前記旋回溶融炉１６の排ガス入口側に接続されている。一方、前記乾燥機１１に汚泥を供給する汚泥受け入れ装置１０が備えられ、前記汚泥受け入れ装置１０の出口側に前記一部引き抜かれた排ガスの一部により汚泥を乾燥する前記乾燥機１１が備えられている。また、前記乾燥機１１で乾燥された汚泥をごみホッパ８に供給する汚泥搬送コンベア１２を備え、前記汚泥搬送コンベア１２の先に前記塵芥と乾燥された汚泥を受け入れる前記ごみホッパ８を備え、前記ごみホッパ８から供給される前記混合された塵芥と乾燥された汚泥を前段の処理炉である流動床式ガス化炉１５に供給するごみ供給コンベア９と給塵装置２ａを備えている。尚、流動床式ガス化炉は本発明に限定されずにキルン式熱分解炉方式の熱分解炉にも適用できる。   In the case of the second embodiment, the portion corresponding to the secondary combustion furnace 4 becomes the swirl melting furnace body 2. An exhaust gas duct 3 is connected to the outlet of the swirl melting furnace 16 and connected to the exhaust gas cooling tower 5. Further, a dryer exhaust return duct 4 a is connected to the exhaust gas inlet side of the swirl melting furnace 16. An exhaust gas cooling tower 5 is provided on the outlet side of the swirl melting furnace 16, and a drying exhaust gas duct 5 a for sending a part of the exhaust gas to the dryer 11 is branched in the middle of the outlet side exhaust gas duct of the exhaust gas cooling tower 5. Is provided. The drying exhaust gas duct 5 a is connected to the dryer 11. At the tip of the exhaust passage of the dryer 11, a dust collector 13 including a cyclone for removing the dried sludge dust, a drying blower, and a dryer exhaust duct is provided. The dust collector 13 is connected to the exhaust gas inlet side of the swirl melting furnace 16 via the dryer exhaust return duct 4a. On the other hand, a sludge receiving device 10 that supplies sludge to the dryer 11 is provided, and the dryer 11 that dries sludge with a part of the exhaust gas that has been partially extracted is provided on the outlet side of the sludge receiving device 10. ing. The sludge transport conveyor 12 for supplying the sludge dried by the dryer 11 to the waste hopper 8, the waste hopper 8 for receiving the dust and the sludge dried at the tip of the sludge transport conveyor 12, A dust supply conveyor 9 and a dust supply device 2a for supplying the mixed dust and dried sludge supplied from the waste hopper 8 to a fluidized bed gasification furnace 15 as a previous processing furnace are provided. The fluidized bed gasifier is not limited to the present invention and can be applied to a kiln pyrolysis furnace type pyrolysis furnace.

以下に本廃棄物処理炉の働きについて処理廃棄物である塵芥と汚泥の処理手順に従って説明する。まず、塵芥と汚泥が給塵装置を経て前段の処理炉である流動床式ガス化炉に投入される。投入された塵芥と汚泥は流動床式ガス化炉で加熱されることにより蒸し焼き状態となりＣＯ、未燃炭素などの可燃ガスと熱分解残留物となる。発生した可燃ガスである高温ガスは後段の溶融炉本体２に送られ、前段の流動床式ガス化炉で発生した熱分解残留物から分離した可燃物とを合わせて燃焼させることにより旋回溶融炉１６の内部は生成する灰分を溶融するのに必要な温度まで高くなる。この状態で灰分が溶融して減容化する。発生した高温ガスは前記旋回溶融炉１６で燃焼された後、排ガスダクトを経て、排ガス冷却塔５で冷やされた後空気予熱器、濾過式集塵機、活性炭吸着塔等で構成されている排ガス処理装置１４に導かれ排出される。この燃焼排ガスは排ガス冷却塔５を出た後で分岐して一部引き抜かれて乾燥機１１にも送気される。一方、前記乾燥機１１の形式はロータリーキルン型等であり、汚泥受け入れ装置１０から投入された汚泥は、前記乾燥用排ガスダクト５ａで一部引き抜かれた排ガスを熱源とし前記乾燥機１１により乾燥汚泥になるまで攪拌される。乾燥に使われた排ガスは乾燥汚泥粉塵を含むため集塵装置１３で除塵した後、乾燥機排気戻しダクト４ａを通して前記旋回溶融炉１６の入口側に戻され再燃焼される。一方、前記乾燥機１１で乾燥した汚泥は汚泥搬送コンベア１２でごみホッパ８まで搬送される。また、前記ごみホッパ８には前記塵芥と前記汚泥が適宜供給され、前記ごみホッパ８内である程度混合された状態となる。この状態となった前記塵芥と前記汚泥が供給コンベア９にて搬送され給塵装置２ａにより流動床式ガス化炉１５に投入される。   Hereinafter, the operation of the present waste treatment furnace will be described in accordance with the treatment procedure of dust and sludge as the treatment waste. First, dust and sludge are put into a fluidized bed gasification furnace, which is a preceding processing furnace, through a dust supply device. The charged dust and sludge are heated in a fluidized bed gasification furnace to become a steamed state, and become combustible gases such as CO and unburned carbon and pyrolysis residues. The high-temperature gas, which is generated combustible gas, is sent to the subsequent melting furnace main body 2 and combusted together with the combustible material separated from the pyrolysis residue generated in the preceding fluidized bed gasification furnace, thereby rotating the melting furnace The interior of 16 rises to the temperature required to melt the produced ash. In this state, the ash melts and the volume is reduced. The generated high-temperature gas is combusted in the swirl melting furnace 16 and then cooled in the exhaust gas cooling tower 5 after passing through the exhaust gas duct. Then, the exhaust gas treatment apparatus includes an air preheater, a filtration dust collector, an activated carbon adsorption tower, and the like. 14 to be discharged. The combustion exhaust gas branches after exiting the exhaust gas cooling tower 5, is partially extracted, and is also sent to the dryer 11. On the other hand, the type of the dryer 11 is a rotary kiln type or the like, and the sludge introduced from the sludge receiving device 10 is converted to dry sludge by using the exhaust gas partially extracted by the drying exhaust gas duct 5a as a heat source. Stir until. Since the exhaust gas used for drying contains dried sludge dust, it is removed by the dust collector 13 and then returned to the inlet side of the swirl melting furnace 16 through the dryer exhaust return duct 4a and recombusted. On the other hand, the sludge dried by the dryer 11 is transported to the waste hopper 8 by the sludge transport conveyor 12. Further, the dust hopper 8 is appropriately supplied with the dust and the sludge, and is mixed to some extent in the garbage hopper 8. The dust and the sludge in this state are conveyed by the supply conveyor 9 and charged into the fluidized bed gasifier 15 by the dust supply device 2a.

排ガス冷却塔５から乾燥用排ガスダクト５ａで一部引き抜かれた燃焼排ガスは２５０〜３００℃の温度があり、Ｎ２、ＣＯ２、ＣＯ、Ｈ２Ｏ、未燃炭素、窒素化合物などを含んでおり可燃成分も含む。この燃焼排ガスを熱源として汚泥の攪拌に適した機構を持つロータリーキルン型等の前記乾燥機１１に供給しつつ、ともに溶融炉で溶融する塵芥と同程度になる迄汚泥を乾燥させる。前記乾燥機１１では燃焼しないように温度制御され、ＣＯなどの還元性可燃成分は乾燥時に発生した汚泥粉塵と共に乾燥に使われ、乾燥機１１から排出される排ガスは乾燥汚泥粉塵を含むため集塵装置１３で除塵した後、乾燥機排気戻しダクト４ａを通して前記旋回溶融炉１６の入口側に戻される。前記旋回溶融炉１６の入口側に供給される乾燥機排ガスは主流のガス流れとなっている旋回溶融炉１６で発生した１３００℃以上の燃焼排ガスの流れに前記旋回溶融炉１６の入口側の側面から前記旋回溶融炉１６の軸方向に向かって分散して流入させることにより燃焼排ガスの流れにより大きな乱流を引き起こすような作用を与える。また、乾燥機排ガスは１５０〜２００℃程度に低下しており前記旋回溶融炉１６に供給されると前記旋回溶融炉１６の燃焼燃焼温度が１０００℃適度に抑制されるとともに、乾燥機排ガスに含まれるＮ２、ＣＯ２などの燃焼に寄与しない成分を含むため前記旋回溶融炉１６での雰囲気を還元性雰囲気の状態で燃焼させることができ、窒素酸化物のＮＯｘへの再転換を抑止しつつ残留するＮＯｘをＮ２にまで分解することができる。また、乾燥機排ガスに含まれる悪臭成分も前記旋回溶融炉１６に戻して効果的に分解するので排ガス処理として活性炭等による脱臭が不要であり、悪臭が系外にもれることもない。更には乾燥機排ガス中に含まれる汚泥ダストも前記旋回溶融炉１６に戻して燃焼分解され灰またはスラグとして高温燃焼排ガスの灰またはスラグと共に回収される。したがって後段の排ガス処理設備の負荷を増大も抑えることができる。 The combustion exhaust gas partially extracted from the exhaust gas cooling tower 5 by the drying exhaust gas duct 5a has a temperature of 250 to 300 ° C., and includes N 2 , CO 2 , CO, H 2 O, unburned carbon, nitrogen compounds, and the like. Contains flammable ingredients. While supplying this combustion exhaust gas as a heat source to the dryer 11 such as a rotary kiln type having a mechanism suitable for sludge stirring, the sludge is dried until it becomes the same level as the dust melted in the melting furnace. The temperature is controlled so that it does not burn in the dryer 11, reducing combustible components such as CO are used for drying together with sludge dust generated during drying, and the exhaust gas discharged from the dryer 11 contains dried sludge dust. After the dust is removed by the apparatus 13, it is returned to the inlet side of the swirl melting furnace 16 through the dryer exhaust return duct 4a. The exhaust gas of the dryer supplied to the inlet side of the swirl melting furnace 16 is a mainstream gas flow. Is distributed in the axial direction of the swirl melting furnace 16 to cause a large turbulent flow due to the flow of the combustion exhaust gas. Further, the dryer exhaust gas is reduced to about 150 to 200 ° C. When supplied to the swirl melting furnace 16, the combustion combustion temperature of the swirl melting furnace 16 is moderately suppressed by 1000 ° C. and included in the dryer exhaust gas. are N 2, CO atmosphere in the swirling-type slagging furnace 16 can be burned in a state of reducing atmosphere because they contain components which do not contribute to the combustion, such as 2, to suppress the re-conversion to nO x nitrogen oxides The remaining NO x can be decomposed to N 2 . In addition, the malodorous component contained in the dryer exhaust gas is also returned to the swirl melting furnace 16 and effectively decomposed, so that deodorization with activated carbon or the like is not required for the exhaust gas treatment, and the malodor does not escape from the system. Furthermore, the sludge dust contained in the dryer exhaust gas is also returned to the swirl melting furnace 16 and burned and decomposed and recovered as ash or slag together with the ash or slag of the high-temperature combustion exhaust gas. Therefore, it is possible to suppress an increase in the load of the exhaust gas treatment facility at the subsequent stage.

一方、乾燥機排ガスを前記旋回溶融炉１６の入口側に戻さず、出口側に戻した場合は、乾燥機排ガスを前記旋回溶融炉１６の入口側の側面から前記旋回溶融炉１６の軸方向に向かって分散して流入させることもないので燃焼排ガスの流れにより大きな乱流を引き起こす作用も与えることができない。また、乾燥機排ガスを前記旋回溶融炉１６に供給しないため燃焼温度が抑制されることもなく、乾燥機排ガスに含まれるＮ２、ＣＯ２などの燃焼に寄与しない成分を含むが、乾燥機排ガスを前記旋回溶融炉１６に戻さないので雰囲気を還元性雰囲気の状態で燃焼させることもできず、窒素酸化物のＮＯｘへの再転換を抑止しつつ残留するＮＯｘをＮ２にまで分解する効果も低減される。また、乾燥機排ガスに含まれる悪臭成分も前記旋回溶融炉１６に戻さないので効果的に分解することもできない。排ガス処理として活性炭等による脱臭が必要になり、更には乾燥機排ガス中に含まれる汚泥ダストは前記旋回溶融炉１６に戻さないので燃焼分解されず、灰またはスラグと共に回収されることもなく、燃焼排ガスと共に排ガス処理装置１４に供給され負荷を増大させる。 On the other hand, when the dryer exhaust gas is not returned to the inlet side of the swirl melting furnace 16 but returned to the outlet side, the dryer exhaust gas is passed from the side surface on the inlet side of the swirl melting furnace 16 to the axial direction of the swirl melting furnace 16. Since it does not flow inwardly, it cannot give an effect of causing a large turbulent flow due to the flow of the combustion exhaust gas. In addition, since the exhaust gas from the dryer is not supplied to the swirl melting furnace 16, the combustion temperature is not suppressed, and it includes components that do not contribute to combustion, such as N 2 and CO 2 contained in the exhaust gas from the dryer. since the not returned to the swirling-type slagging furnace 16 can not be burning the atmosphere in a state of reducing atmosphere to decompose the nO x remaining while suppressing re-conversion to nO x nitrogen oxides to a N 2 The effect is also reduced. Further, the malodorous component contained in the dryer exhaust gas is not returned to the swirl melting furnace 16 and therefore cannot be effectively decomposed. As the exhaust gas treatment, deodorization with activated carbon or the like is required, and further, the sludge dust contained in the dryer exhaust gas is not returned to the swirl melting furnace 16 and is not burned and decomposed, and is not recovered together with ash or slag. It is supplied to the exhaust gas treatment device 14 together with the exhaust gas to increase the load.

本発明は前記の発明に限定されることなく、例えば産業廃棄物処理などの分野において廃プラスチック、シュレダーダスト、木片などの不定形な固体と下水汚泥、し尿汚泥、工場排水汚泥、浄水処理汚泥等の各種汚泥を合わせて処理する用途やこれらの汚泥を単独で処理する場合にも利用することが可能である。   The present invention is not limited to the above-described invention. For example, in the field of industrial waste treatment, etc., waste plastic, shredder dust, wood chips and other irregular solids and sewage sludge, human waste sludge, industrial wastewater sludge, water purification sludge It can also be used for the purpose of treating various sludges together or when treating these sludges alone.

本発明にかかる方法を実施した第１実施態様の一例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows an example of the 1st embodiment which implemented the method concerning this invention. 本発明にかかる方法を実施した第２実施態様の一例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows an example of the 2nd embodiment which implemented the method concerning this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１：廃棄物処理炉
２：溶融炉本体
２ａ：給塵装置
２ｂ：羽口
２ｃ：プラズマトーチ
２ｄ：溶融炉着火バーナー
２ｅ：出滓口
２ｆ：燃焼室
３：排ガスダクト
４：二次燃焼炉
４ａ：乾燥機排気戻しダクト
５：排ガス冷却塔
５ａ：乾燥用排ガスダクト
６：ごみ受け入れ装置
７：破砕機
８：ごみホッパ
９：ごみ供給コンベア
１０：汚泥受け入れ装置
１１：乾燥機
１２：汚泥搬送コンベア
１３：集塵装置
１４：排ガス処理装置
１５：流動床式ガス化炉
１６：旋回溶融炉
1: Waste treatment furnace 2: Melting furnace body 2a: Dust supply device 2b: tuyere 2c: plasma torch 2d: melting furnace ignition burner 2e: outlet 2f: combustion chamber 3: exhaust gas duct 4: secondary combustion furnace 4a : Dryer exhaust return duct 5: Exhaust gas cooling tower 5a: Drying exhaust gas duct 6: Waste receiver 7: Crusher 8: Waste hopper 9: Waste supply conveyor 10: Sludge receiver 11: Dryer 12: Sludge conveyor 13 : Dust collector 14: Exhaust gas treatment device 15: Fluidized bed gasifier 16: Swivel melting furnace

Claims (3)

廃棄物を熱分解して可燃性ガスを生成する廃棄物処理炉と、廃棄物処理炉で生成された可燃性ガスを燃焼させる二次燃焼炉と、二次燃焼炉から排出された燃焼排ガスを熱源にして汚泥を乾燥させる乾燥機とを備える廃棄物処理設備であって、前記乾燥機から排出される乾燥排ガスを前記二次燃焼炉へ戻し、前記乾燥機で乾燥した汚泥と塵芥とを前記廃棄物処理炉へ供給することを特徴とする廃棄物処理設備。 A waste treatment furnace that pyrolyzes waste to produce a combustible gas, a secondary combustion furnace that combusts the combustible gas generated in the waste treatment furnace, and a combustion exhaust gas discharged from the secondary combustion furnace A waste treatment facility comprising a dryer for drying sludge as a heat source, returning the dried exhaust gas discharged from the dryer to the secondary combustion furnace, and the sludge and dust dried by the dryer A waste treatment facility characterized by supplying to a waste treatment furnace. 前記乾燥機から排出される前記乾燥排ガスを前記二次燃焼炉の入口側へ戻すことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の廃棄物処理設備。 The waste treatment facility according to claim 1, wherein the dry exhaust gas discharged from the dryer is returned to the inlet side of the secondary combustion furnace. 前記二次燃焼炉から排出された燃焼排ガスを冷却する排ガス冷却塔を備え、前記乾燥機は前記排ガス冷却塔から出た冷却排ガスを熱源にして汚泥を乾燥させることを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載の廃棄物処理設備。
The exhaust gas cooling tower which cools the combustion exhaust gas discharged | emitted from the said secondary combustion furnace is provided, The said dryer dries sludge using the cooling exhaust gas emitted from the said exhaust gas cooling tower as a heat source. 2. The waste treatment facility according to 2.
JP2005082312A 2005-03-22 2005-03-22 Waste treatment facility for treating refuse and sludge together Pending JP2006266537A (en)

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US9951946B2 (en) 2011-09-24 2018-04-24 Weiqi Liu High-efficiency clean burning method and device of macromolecular substance
WO2013041039A1 (en) * 2011-09-24 2013-03-28 Liu Weiqi Macromolecular matter clean burning method and device
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