JP2006263489A - Microorganism carrier for water treatment - Google Patents
Microorganism carrier for water treatment Download PDFInfo
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- JP2006263489A JP2006263489A JP2005080869A JP2005080869A JP2006263489A JP 2006263489 A JP2006263489 A JP 2006263489A JP 2005080869 A JP2005080869 A JP 2005080869A JP 2005080869 A JP2005080869 A JP 2005080869A JP 2006263489 A JP2006263489 A JP 2006263489A
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- polyolefin resin
- water treatment
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 title abstract description 15
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 9
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004156 Azodicarbonamide Substances 0.000 description 3
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- XOZUGNYVDXMRKW-AATRIKPKSA-N azodicarbonamide Chemical compound NC(=O)\N=N\C(N)=O XOZUGNYVDXMRKW-AATRIKPKSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000019399 azodicarbonamide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylpropan-2-ylperoxy)propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical class CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NKWPZUCBCARRDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OC([O-])=O.OC([O-])=O NKWPZUCBCARRDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910000020 calcium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- UJXFNIQSAHCTTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butylperoxyhexane Chemical group CCCCCCOOCCCC UJXFNIQSAHCTTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOOMUPCAOADBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-n,2-n-dimethyl-1-n,2-n-dinitrosobenzene-1,2-dicarboxamide Chemical compound O=NN(C)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)N(C)N=O GOOMUPCAOADBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- MWRWFPQBGSZWNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N2CN(N=O)CN1CN(N=O)C2 MWRWFPQBGSZWNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001148470 aerobic bacillus Species 0.000 description 1
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VJRITMATACIYAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonohydrazide Chemical compound NNS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 VJRITMATACIYAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006267 biphenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-M dihydrogenphosphate Chemical compound OP(O)([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OP([O-])([O-])=O ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- PXEDJBXQKAGXNJ-QTNFYWBSSA-L disodium L-glutamate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC([O-])=O PXEDJBXQKAGXNJ-QTNFYWBSSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000005446 dissolved organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- QFXZANXYUCUTQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethynol Chemical compound OC#C QFXZANXYUCUTQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000464 lead oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013923 monosodium glutamate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ALIFPGGMJDWMJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-phenyldiazenylaniline Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NN=NC1=CC=CC=C1 ALIFPGGMJDWMJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001451 organic peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolead Chemical compound [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940073490 sodium glutamate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002888 zwitterionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Landscapes
- Immobilizing And Processing Of Enzymes And Microorganisms (AREA)
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、ポリオレフィン系樹脂架橋発泡体からなる水処理用微生物担体に関する。 The present invention relates to a microbial carrier for water treatment comprising a polyolefin resin cross-linked foam.
従来、浄化槽などにおける水処理には、好気性バクテリア等の微生物による働きで溶存有機物を酸化分解させる方法が利用されている。また、微生物による水処理方法として、微生物を担持させた担体を、生物処理槽の中で水と共に旋回させることで微生物による処理能力を上げる担体流動方式がある。 Conventionally, water treatment in a septic tank or the like has utilized a method in which dissolved organic matter is oxidized and decomposed by the action of microorganisms such as aerobic bacteria. Moreover, as a water treatment method using microorganisms, there is a carrier flow system in which a carrier carrying microorganisms is swirled together with water in a biological treatment tank to increase the treatment ability of the microorganisms.
水処理用微生物担体としては多孔質の樹脂架橋発泡体が広く用いられている。多孔質の樹脂架橋発泡体は、表面積が大きいため微生物が樹脂架橋発泡体の表面に生物膜を効率よく形成することができ、微生物による処理能力を高めることができる。また、樹脂架橋発泡体としては、ポリオレフィン系樹脂架橋発泡体が多用されている。 As a microbial carrier for water treatment, porous resin crosslinked foams are widely used. Since the porous resin-crosslinked foam has a large surface area, microorganisms can efficiently form a biofilm on the surface of the resin-crosslinked foam, and the processing ability by the microorganisms can be enhanced. In addition, polyolefin resin cross-linked foam is frequently used as the resin cross-linked foam.
さらに、水中で担体が水と共に良好に旋回できるようにして処理能力を高めるため、担体を構成する樹脂架橋発泡体は、気泡（セル）が連通化された連通気泡構造のものが好ましいとされている。 Further, in order to improve the processing capability by allowing the carrier to swirl well with water in water, the resin cross-linked foam constituting the carrier is preferably of the open cell structure in which bubbles (cells) are connected. Yes.
しかし、ポリオレフィン系樹脂架橋発泡体からなる担体を生物処理槽に投入すると、水面に浮かんでいる期間が長く、速やかに水中に入り（潜り）込み難くなって、水と共に効果的に旋回しないため、期待する処理能力を発揮し難い問題がある。 However, when a carrier made of polyolefin resin cross-linked foam is put into a biological treatment tank, the period of floating on the water surface is long, and it becomes difficult to quickly get into the water (dive), and it does not rotate effectively with water. There is a problem that it is difficult to achieve the expected processing capacity.
ポリオレフィン系樹脂架橋発泡体からなる担体が水中に入り込み難い理由として次の理由が挙げられる。その一つとして、ポリオレフィン系樹脂架橋発泡体が撥水性を持つことにより、水面上で水をはじいて水中に入り込みにくいことが挙げられる。また、他の理由として、一般的な連続気泡構造のポリオレフィン系樹脂架橋発泡体は、その製造方法からくる気泡構造のために通水性が低く、内部に水が侵入するまでに時間を要するため、発泡体内の空気により浮力が働き、水中に入り込みにくいことが挙げられる。さらに、次の理由も挙げられる。すなわち、一般的な生物処理槽は、好気性微生物の働きを利用するため、散気管から空気を水中に送り込んで微生物を培養しており、散気管から水中に送り込まれる空気については、酸素が水に溶け込み易くなるように微細な気泡にされている。そのため、散気管から水中に送り込まれた微細な気泡は、樹脂架橋発泡体からなる担体に衝突した際に担体の気泡内に入り込んで保持（トラップ）され易く、生物処理槽に投入された担体は一旦水中に入っても、すぐに水面に浮上するようになる。 The following reasons can be given as the reason why the carrier made of the polyolefin resin crosslinked foam is difficult to enter water. One of them is that the polyolefin-based resin-crosslinked foam has water repellency, so that it hardly repels water on the water surface. In addition, as another reason, the polyolefin resin cross-linked foam having a general open cell structure has low water permeability due to the cell structure coming from the production method, and it takes time until water enters the inside. The buoyancy works by the air in the foam, and it is difficult to get into the water. Furthermore, the following reason is also mentioned. In other words, in order to utilize the action of aerobic microorganisms in general biological treatment tanks, microorganisms are cultured by sending air from the diffuser into the water. Oxygen is water in the air sent from the diffuser into the water. It is made into fine bubbles so that it can be easily dissolved. Therefore, the fine bubbles sent into the water from the diffuser tube easily enter and hold (trap) into the bubbles of the carrier when colliding with the carrier made of the resin cross-linked foam, and the carrier put into the biological treatment tank is Once in the water, it will surface immediately.
これらの問題を解決するため、ポリオレフィン系樹脂架橋発泡体に親水性を持たせたり、ポリオレフィン系樹脂架橋発泡体の中でも通気性の高いものを担体として用いたりすることが提案されている。しかし、これらの方法によっても、ポリオレフィン系樹脂架橋発泡体内に空気が保持（エアートラップ）されることによる問題を解決することができず、生物処理槽において期待する処理能力を得られない問題がある。 In order to solve these problems, it has been proposed to impart hydrophilicity to the polyolefin resin crosslinked foam or to use a highly breathable polyolefin resin crosslinked foam as a carrier. However, even these methods cannot solve the problem that air is retained (air trap) in the polyolefin resin cross-linked foam, and the treatment capacity expected in the biological treatment tank cannot be obtained. .
本発明は前記の点に鑑みなされたものであって、生物処理槽での担体の浮き上がりを抑えて処理能力を向上させることのできる水処理用微生物担体の提供を目的とする。 This invention is made | formed in view of the said point, Comprising: It aims at provision of the microbe support | carrier for water treatment which can suppress the float of the support | carrier in a biological treatment tank and can improve a processing capacity.
請求項１の発明は、気泡が連通化され、かつ真密度が１．０３〜１．１６ｇ／ｃｍ３とされたポリオレフィン系樹脂架橋発泡体からなる水処理用微生物担体に係る。 The invention of claim 1 relates to a microbial carrier for water treatment comprising a polyolefin resin cross-linked foam in which bubbles are communicated and a true density is 1.03 to 1.16 g / cm 3 .
請求項２の発明は、請求項１において、密度１．３〜６．０ｇ／ｃｍ３の充填剤がポリオレフィン系樹脂１００重量部に対して１０〜５０重量部含まれていることを特徴とする。 The invention of claim 2 is characterized in that, in claim 1, 10 to 50 parts by weight of a filler having a density of 1.3 to 6.0 g / cm 3 is contained with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyolefin resin. .
請求項１の発明によれば、ポリオレフィン系樹脂架橋発泡体の気泡が連通化されていることで、ポリオレフィン系樹脂架橋発泡体からなる水処理用微生物担体内に水が侵入可能となり、これにより気泡内の空気が追い出され易くなって気泡内空気による浮力を抑えることができ、水処理用微生物担体が水中に入り込み易くなる。さらに、ポリオレフィン系樹脂架橋発泡体の真密度が１．０３〜１．１６ｇ／ｃｍ３とされていることで、ポリオレフィン系樹脂架橋発泡体からなる水処理用微生物担体は、比重が水よりも大になり、これによっても水中に入り込み易くなる。そして、これらの相乗作用によって、水処理用微生物担体は、生物処理槽内で水中に入り込んで水と共に旋回し易くなり、水処理能力を向上させることができるようになる。 According to the first aspect of the present invention, the bubbles of the polyolefin-based resin crosslinked foam are communicated so that water can enter the microbial carrier for water treatment made of the polyolefin-based resin crosslinked foam. The air inside is easily expelled, and the buoyancy due to the air inside the bubbles can be suppressed, and the microbial carrier for water treatment can easily enter the water. Furthermore, since the true density of the polyolefin resin crosslinked foam is 1.03 to 1.16 g / cm 3 , the microbial carrier for water treatment comprising the polyolefin resin crosslinked foam has a specific gravity greater than that of water. This also makes it easier to get into the water. And by these synergistic actions, the microbial carrier for water treatment can easily enter the water in the biological treatment tank and swirl together with the water, thereby improving the water treatment capacity.
請求項２の発明によれば、密度１．３〜６．０ｇ／ｃｍ３の充填剤をポリオレフィン系樹脂１００重量部に対して１０〜５０重量部含むことによって、ポリオレフィン系樹脂架橋発泡体を真密度１．０３〜１．１６ｇ／ｃｍ３に調整することが容易になるとともに、発泡状態が良好なポリオレフィン系樹脂架橋発泡体からなる水処理用微生物担体が得られるようになる。 According to the invention of claim 2, the polyolefin resin cross-linked foam is truly obtained by including 10 to 50 parts by weight of a filler having a density of 1.3 to 6.0 g / cm 3 with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyolefin resin. It becomes easy to adjust the density to 1.03 to 1.16 g / cm 3, and a microbial carrier for water treatment made of a polyolefin resin cross-linked foam having a good foamed state can be obtained.
本発明における水処理用微生物担体を構成するポリオレフィン系樹脂架橋発泡体は、ポリオレフィン系樹脂、架橋剤、発泡剤、充填剤を少なくとも含み、さらに好ましくは界面活性剤を含み、かつその他の適宜の助剤を含む混練物を発泡したものからなり、気泡膜除去処理により気泡が連通化されたものである。 The polyolefin resin cross-linked foam constituting the microbial carrier for water treatment in the present invention contains at least a polyolefin resin, a cross-linking agent, a foaming agent and a filler, more preferably a surfactant, and other appropriate aids. The kneaded material containing the agent is made of foamed material, and the bubbles are made continuous by the bubble film removal treatment.
ポリオレフィン系樹脂は、耐水性及び非汚染性の点で水処理用微生物担体用の発泡体に好ましい樹脂である。この発明において使用されるポリオレフィン系樹脂としては、特に限定されず、エチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体（ＥＶＡ）、低密度ポリエチレン（ＬＤＰＥ）、高密度ポリエチレン（ＨＤＰＥ）、エチレン−プロピレン共重合体、エチレン−ブテン共重合体、エチレンとメチル、エチル、プロピル若しくはブチルの各アクリル酸エステルとの共重合体、又はこれらの塩素化物、あるいはそれらの混合物、さらにはそれらとアイソタクチックポリプロピレン若しくはアタクチックポリプロピレンの混合物等を挙げることができる。 Polyolefin resins are preferred resins for foams for microbial carriers for water treatment in terms of water resistance and non-contamination. The polyolefin resin used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), low density polyethylene (LDPE), high density polyethylene (HDPE), ethylene-propylene copolymer, ethylene- Butene copolymers, copolymers of ethylene and methyl, ethyl, propyl or butyl acrylates, or chlorinated products thereof, or a mixture thereof, and also a mixture of them with isotactic polypropylene or atactic polypropylene. Etc.
本発明において、より好ましいポリオレフィン系樹脂は、エチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体を含むものである。エチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体を含むことによって発泡体の反発弾性率（ＪＩＳ Ｋ ６４００準拠）が高くなり、水処理用微生物担体が長期に渡って繰り返し生物処理槽の壁にぶつかったり、担体同士でぶつかったりしても、発泡体の骨格部分が歪んだり、へたったりし難く、歪みやへたりによる寸法減少を抑えることができる。 In the present invention, a more preferred polyolefin resin includes an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer. By including an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, the rebound resilience of the foam (according to JIS K 6400) is increased, and the microbial carrier for water treatment repeatedly hits the wall of the biological treatment tank over a long period of time or hits between the carriers. Even if it is, the skeleton part of the foam is difficult to be distorted or sag, and dimensional reduction due to distortion or sag can be suppressed.
さらにまた、前記ポリオレフィン系樹脂は、ポリオレフィン系樹脂の全量１００重量％中、酢酸ビニル含量が１２〜３０重量％のものが好ましい。前記酢酸ビニル含量が１２重量％未満の場合、水処理用微生物担体は反発弾性率が低くなり、長期使用の際に摩耗程度が大きくなる。それに対し、３０重量％を超えると、ゴム成分たるビニル成分が多量に含まれることになって、所望の発泡倍率の発泡体が得られず、水処理用微生物担体のコストが増大する。また、ビニル成分が多いと、粘着性が増大する。前記エチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体の含量は、ポリオレフィン系樹脂の全量１００重量％中、７５重量％以上（最大１００重量％）が好ましい。エチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体は、−７０〜７０℃で使用可能な熱的性質を備え、低温でも硬くならず、耐候性に優れる。しかも、引張強度や引き裂き強度の物理的強度が高い。さらにポリエチレンよりもエチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体の方が、弾性率が高く、担体同士等の衝突時における負荷を柔らかく受け流し、へたり難い。エチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体が７５重量％未満の場合、反発弾性率が低くなり、得られる水処理用微生物担体が長期使用に耐えられなくなる。前記ポリオレフィン系樹脂には、ポリオレフィン系樹脂全量１００重量％中、２５％以下の範囲でエチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体以外の他のポリオレフィン系樹脂を含んでもよい。他のポリオレフィン系樹脂としては、低密度ポリエチレン（ＬＤＰＥ）、高密度ポリエチレン（ＨＤＰＥ）、エチレン−プロピレン共重合体、エチレン−ブテン共重合体、エチレンとメチル、エチル、プロピル若しくはブチルの各アクリル酸エステルとの共重合体、又はこれらの塩素化物、あるいはそれらの混合物、さらにはそれらとアイソタクチックポリプロピレン若しくはアタクチックポリプロピレンの混合物等を挙げることができる。 Furthermore, the polyolefin resin preferably has a vinyl acetate content of 12 to 30% by weight in 100% by weight of the total amount of the polyolefin resin. When the vinyl acetate content is less than 12% by weight, the microbial carrier for water treatment has a low rebound resilience, and the degree of wear increases during long-term use. On the other hand, when it exceeds 30% by weight, a vinyl component as a rubber component is contained in a large amount, so that a foam having a desired expansion ratio cannot be obtained, and the cost of the microbial carrier for water treatment increases. Moreover, when there are many vinyl components, adhesiveness will increase. The content of the ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer is preferably 75% by weight or more (up to 100% by weight) in 100% by weight of the total amount of the polyolefin resin. The ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer has thermal properties that can be used at -70 to 70 ° C, does not become hard even at low temperatures, and has excellent weather resistance. In addition, the physical strength of tensile strength and tear strength is high. Furthermore, the ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer has a higher elastic modulus than polyethylene, and softly receives the load at the time of collision between the carriers and the like, and is difficult to sag. When the ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer is less than 75% by weight, the rebound resilience is low, and the resulting microbial carrier for water treatment cannot withstand long-term use. The polyolefin-based resin may include other polyolefin-based resins other than the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer within a range of 25% or less in a total amount of 100% by weight of the polyolefin-based resin. Other polyolefin resins include low density polyethylene (LDPE), high density polyethylene (HDPE), ethylene-propylene copolymer, ethylene-butene copolymer, ethylene and methyl, ethyl, propyl or butyl acrylate esters Or a chlorinated product thereof, or a mixture thereof, and a mixture of them with isotactic polypropylene or atactic polypropylene.
架橋剤としては、従来、ポリオレフィン系樹脂架橋発泡体の二段階発泡に使用されている公知のものが用いられる。例えば、ジクミルパーオキサイド、２，５−ジメチル−２，５−ビス−ターシャリーブチルパーオキシヘキサン、１，３−ビス−ターシャリーパーオキシ−イソプロピルベンゼンなどの有機過酸化物等を挙げることができる。前記架橋剤の配合量は、通常、ポリオレフィン系樹脂１００重量部に対し０．５０〜１．３重量部である。 As the cross-linking agent, conventionally known cross-linking agents used for two-stage foaming of polyolefin resin cross-linked foams are used. Examples thereof include organic peroxides such as dicumyl peroxide, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-bis-tertiary butyl peroxyhexane, 1,3-bis-tertiary peroxy-isopropylbenzene, and the like. . The amount of the crosslinking agent is usually 0.50 to 1.3 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyolefin resin.
発泡剤としては、加熱により分解してガスを発生するものが用いられ、特に制限されるものではない。例えばアゾジカルボンアミド、２，２’−アゾビスイソブチロニトリル、ジアゾアミノベンゼン、ベンゼンスルホニルヒドラジド、ベンゼン−１，３−スルホニルヒドラジド、ジフェニルオキシド−４，４’−ジスルフォニルヒドラジド、４，４’−オキシビスベンゼンスルフォニルヒドラジド、パラトルエンスルフォニルヒドラジド、Ｎ，Ｎ’−ジニトロソペンタメチレンテトラミン、Ｎ，Ｎ’−ジニトロソ−Ｎ，Ｎ’−ジメチルフタルアミド、テレフタルアジド、ｐ−ｔ−ブチルベンズアジド、重炭酸ナトリウム、重炭酸アンモニウム等の一種又は二種以上が用いられる。特にアゾジカルボンアミド、４，４’−オキシビスベンゼンスルホニルヒドラジドが好適である。添加量としては、通常、ポリオレフィン系樹脂１００重量部に対して、２〜３０重量部とされる。 As a foaming agent, what decomposes | disassembles by heating and generate | occur | produces gas is used, and it does not restrict | limit in particular. For example, azodicarbonamide, 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile, diazoaminobenzene, benzenesulfonyl hydrazide, benzene-1,3-sulfonyl hydrazide, diphenyl oxide-4,4'-disulfonyl hydrazide, 4,4 ' -Oxybisbenzenesulfonyl hydrazide, paratoluenesulfonyl hydrazide, N, N'-dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine, N, N'-dinitroso-N, N'-dimethylphthalamide, terephthalazide, pt-butylbenzazide, One or more of sodium bicarbonate, ammonium bicarbonate and the like are used. In particular, azodicarbonamide and 4,4′-oxybisbenzenesulfonyl hydrazide are preferable. The addition amount is usually 2 to 30 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyolefin resin.
充填剤としては、密度１．３〜６．０ｇ／ｃｍ３のものが用いられ、特に限定されるものではない。例えば、重炭酸カルシウム、珪藻土、硫酸バリウム、酸化鉄、アルミナ（酸化アルミニウム）、水酸化アルミニウム、プラスチックパウダー等を挙げることができ、それらを単独または複数種類組み合わせて使用することができる。前記充填剤の量は、ポリオレフィン系樹脂系架橋発泡体からなる水処理用微生物担体の真密度が１．０３〜１．１６ｇ／ｃｍ３、好ましくは１．０５〜１．１３ｇ／ｃｍ３となるように調整され、具体的には、ポリオレフィン系樹脂１００重量部に対して１０〜５０重量部の範囲で調整される。水処理用微生物担体の真密度が１．０３ｇ／ｃｍ３未満の場合、エアートラップによる浮力に抗しきれず水中での十分な旋回性が得られなくなる。一方、水処理用微生物担体の真密度が１．１６ｇ／ｃｍ３を超えると、生物処理槽へ水処理用微生物担体を投入した初期の段階においては水面に存在することもあるが、数日して微生物による生物膜が水処理用微生物担体に充分形成されてくると、生物処理槽の底部に沈んだままとなり、充分な旋回性が得られなくなる。これは、生物膜が水の比重より大きいことから、この生物膜で担体内部が満たされて埋まってくると、担体にはエアートラップ自体が起こらなくなって担体が重くなり過ぎ、旋回できなくなることによる。なお、ポリオレフィン系樹脂架橋発泡体の真密度は、発泡体の空隙部分を容積としないで密度を計算したものであり、ピクノメーター法（気相置換法）：ＪＩＳ Ｋ５１０１に記載、に基づくものである。 As the filler, one having a density of 1.3 to 6.0 g / cm 3 is used and is not particularly limited. For example, calcium bicarbonate, diatomaceous earth, barium sulfate, iron oxide, alumina (aluminum oxide), aluminum hydroxide, plastic powder, and the like can be used, and these can be used alone or in combination. The amount of the filler, the true density of the microbial carrier for water treatment comprising a polyolefin resin-based crosslinked foam is 1.03~1.16g / cm 3, preferably a 1.05~1.13g / cm 3 Specifically, it is adjusted in the range of 10 to 50 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyolefin resin. When the true density of the microbial carrier for water treatment is less than 1.03 g / cm 3 , the buoyancy caused by the air trap cannot be resisted and sufficient swirlability in water cannot be obtained. On the other hand, when the true density of the microbial carrier for water treatment exceeds 1.16 g / cm 3 , it may exist on the water surface in the initial stage when the microbial carrier for water treatment is introduced into the biological treatment tank. When the biofilm of microorganisms is sufficiently formed on the microbial carrier for water treatment, the biofilm remains submerged at the bottom of the biological treatment tank, and sufficient swirlability cannot be obtained. This is because the biofilm is larger than the specific gravity of water, so if the inside of the carrier is filled with this biofilm and buried, the air trap itself will not occur in the carrier, the carrier will be too heavy, and it will not be able to swivel . In addition, the true density of the polyolefin resin cross-linked foam is a density calculated without taking the void portion of the foam as a volume, and is based on the pycnometer method (gas phase substitution method) described in JIS K5101. is there.
また、前記充填剤の密度が１．３ｇ／ｃｍ３未満の場合、充填剤の添加量が５０重量部以下では水処理用微生物担体の真比重を１．０３〜１．１６ｇ／ｃｍ３にできなくなる。一方、充填剤の密度が６．０ｇ／ｃｍ３を超える場合には、充填剤の添加量を１０重量部未満にすれば水処理用微生物担体の真比重を１．０３〜１．１６ｇ／ｃｍ３とすることが可能であるが、このような重い充填剤はポリオレフィン系樹脂に均一に分散させ難く、良好なポリオレフィン系樹脂架橋発泡体が得られなくなる。 Further, when the density of the filler is less than 1.3 g / cm 3, the addition amount of the filler can be a true specific gravity of the microbial carrier for water treatment in the following 50 parts by weight 1.03~1.16g / cm 3 Disappear. On the other hand, when the density of the filler exceeds 6.0 g / cm 3 , if the added amount of the filler is less than 10 parts by weight, the true specific gravity of the microbial carrier for water treatment is 1.03 to 1.16 g / cm 3. Although it is possible to 3 to such heavy fillers difficult to uniformly disperse in the polyolefin resin, not good polyolefin resin crosslinked foam is obtained.
また、前記充填剤の量をポリオレフィン系樹脂１００重量部に対して１０〜５０重量部とするのは次の理由による。すなわち、密度の高い充填剤を用いれば、充填剤の量を１０重量部より少なくしても、ポリオレフィン系樹脂架橋発泡体の真比重を１．０３〜１．１６ｇ／ｃｍ３にすることが可能であるが、その場合、ポリオレフィン系樹脂中に存在する充填剤が僅かになって偏在を生じ易く、その結果ポリオレフィン系樹脂架橋発泡体内での真比重のバラツキが大きくなり、ポリオレフィン系樹脂架橋発泡体を裁断等により所望サイズにした際に、裁断後の発泡体間で真比重のバラツキが大きくなり、１．０３〜１．１６ｇ／ｃｍ３の水処理用微生物担体を効率よく得られなくなる。一方、密度の低い充填剤を用いれば、充填剤の量を５０重量部より多くしてもポリオレフィン系樹脂架橋発泡体の真比重を１．０３〜１．１６ｇ／ｃｍ３にすることが可能であるが、その場合には、ポリオレフィン系樹脂中に存在する充填剤が多くなりすぎて発泡工程における発泡阻害が大きくなり、発泡体が得られにくくなる。 The amount of the filler is 10 to 50 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyolefin resin for the following reason. That is, if a high-density filler is used, even if the amount of the filler is less than 10 parts by weight, the true specific gravity of the polyolefin resin cross-linked foam can be 1.03 to 1.16 g / cm 3. In this case, however, the filler present in the polyolefin resin becomes small and tends to be unevenly distributed, resulting in a large variation in true specific gravity within the polyolefin resin crosslinked foam, resulting in a polyolefin resin crosslinked foam. When cutting into a desired size by cutting or the like, the variation in true specific gravity increases between the foams after cutting, and a microbial carrier for water treatment of 1.03 to 1.16 g / cm 3 cannot be obtained efficiently. On the other hand, if a filler with a low density is used, the true specific gravity of the polyolefin resin cross-linked foam can be 1.03 to 1.16 g / cm 3 even if the amount of the filler is more than 50 parts by weight. However, in that case, the amount of the filler present in the polyolefin-based resin increases so much that the inhibition of foaming in the foaming step increases, making it difficult to obtain a foam.
界面活性剤としては、特に限定されるものではなく、また、ＨＬＢについても限定されるものではなく、イオン系（陰イオン系、陽イオン系、両性イオン系）、非イオン系のいずれでもよい。陰イオン系（アニオン系）の界面活性剤としては、脂肪酸系、アルキルベンゼン系、アルコール系、アルファオレフィン系等があり、陽イオン系（カチオン系）の界面活性剤としては、アミノ塩系、アンモニウム塩系等があり、両性イオン系の界面活性剤としては、カルボン酸系、硫酸エステル系、スルフォン酸系、リン酸エステル系等があり、非イオン系（ノニオン系）の界面活性剤としては、脂肪酸系、高級アルコール系、含窒素系等がある。 The surfactant is not particularly limited, and the HLB is not limited, either ionic (anionic, cationic, zwitterionic) or nonionic. Examples of anionic (anionic) surfactants include fatty acid-based, alkylbenzene-based, alcohol-based, and alpha-olefin-based surfactants. Cationic (cationic) surfactants include amino salts and ammonium salts. Zwitterionic surfactants include carboxylic acid-based, sulfate-based, sulfonic acid-based and phosphate-based surfactants, and nonionic (nonionic) surfactants include fatty acids. Type, higher alcohol type, nitrogen-containing type and the like.
その他適宜添加される助剤としては、発泡助剤等がある。発泡助剤には、酸化亜鉛、酸化鉛等の金属酸化物、低級又は高級脂肪酸あるいはそれらの金属塩、尿素及びその誘導体等が挙げられる。 Other auxiliary agents added as appropriate include foaming auxiliary agents. Examples of the foaming aid include metal oxides such as zinc oxide and lead oxide, lower or higher fatty acids or metal salts thereof, urea and derivatives thereof.
ポリオレフィン系樹脂架橋発泡体の製造は、前記成分をニーダーやロールで混練して得た混練物を、公知のポリオレフィン系樹脂の二段発泡方法にしたがい発泡させ、その後気泡膜除去処理することにより行われる。 The polyolefin resin crosslinked foam is produced by foaming a kneaded product obtained by kneading the above components with a kneader or a roll according to a known two-stage foaming method of polyolefin resin, and then subjecting to a cell membrane removal treatment. Is called.
前記二段発泡方法は、前記混練物を密閉式の一次金型に充填し、加圧下加熱後に除圧することにより一次発泡させて一次発泡体を形成し、次に前記一次発泡体を、常圧で加熱して二次発泡させることにより得られる。発泡倍率は、１０〜４０倍が好ましい。気泡膜除去処理は、二次発泡体を圧縮することにより、簡単に行うことができる。気泡膜除去処理によって発泡体は気泡膜（セル膜）が破壊され、三次元網目骨格構造となる。気泡が連通化した発泡体は、水処理用微生物担体として使用された際に、発泡体内に水が侵入し易く、水中に入り込んで水と共に旋回し易くなると共に、発泡体内の中央部まで微生物を効率よく保持することができるようになって微生物の担持面積が増大し、しかも微生物と水との接触効率も増大するため、水処理能力を向上させることができる。また、連通化されたポリオレフィン系樹脂架橋発泡体は、前記のように真密度が１．０３〜１．１６ｇ／ｃｍ３とされている。前記連通化されたポリオレフィン系樹脂架橋発泡体は、その後裁断等により所要のサイズにされて水処理用微生物担体として使用される。 In the two-stage foaming method, the kneaded product is filled into a closed primary mold, heated under pressure and decompressed to form a primary foam, and then the primary foam is subjected to normal pressure. It is obtained by heating with a secondary foam. The expansion ratio is preferably 10 to 40 times. The bubble film removal treatment can be easily performed by compressing the secondary foam. By the bubble film removal treatment, the foam film is broken in the foam film (cell film) and becomes a three-dimensional network skeleton structure. When the foam in which bubbles are connected is used as a microbial carrier for water treatment, it is easy for water to enter the foam, and to enter the water and swirl with the water. Since it can hold | maintain efficiently and the carrying area of microorganisms increases and also the contact efficiency of microorganisms and water also increases, water treatment capability can be improved. In addition, the connected polyolefin-based resin crosslinked foam has a true density of 1.03 to 1.16 g / cm 3 as described above. The communicated polyolefin resin cross-linked foam is then made into a required size by cutting or the like and used as a microbial carrier for water treatment.
ポリオレフィン系樹脂として、酢酸ビニル含量１５重量％のエチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体、品番：エバテートＨ２０２０、比重０．９５、住友化学工業株式会社製を１００重量部、架橋剤としてジクミルパーオキサイドを０．８重量部、発泡剤としてアゾジカルボンアミド、品番：ＡＣ＃３、永和化成工業株式会社製を１８重量部、界面活性剤として品番：アセチレノールＥ４０、川研ファインケミカル株式会社製を表１〜表２に示す量、充填剤として珪藻土、重炭酸カルシウム、アルミナ、硫酸バリウム、酸化鉄、ポリエチレンテレフタレート（ＰＥＴ）粉を表１〜表３に示す量とした配合を、１Ｌニーダーで重量約８００ｇ混練し、次いで１０インチミキシングロールで混練して混練物を得た。 As a polyolefin resin, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer having a vinyl acetate content of 15% by weight, product number: Evalate H2020, specific gravity of 0.95, 100 parts by weight of Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., and 0.02 of dicumyl peroxide as a crosslinking agent. 8 parts by weight, azodicarbonamide as a foaming agent, product number: AC # 3, 18 parts by weight manufactured by Eiwa Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd., product number: acetylenol E40 as surfactant, Kawaken Fine Chemicals Co., Ltd. in Tables 1 to 2 The amount shown, kneaded with diatomaceous earth, calcium bicarbonate, alumina, barium sulfate, iron oxide, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) powder as shown in Tables 1 to 3 in a 1 L kneader, kneaded about 800 g in weight, then A kneaded product was obtained by kneading with a 10-inch mixing roll.
前記混練物を、１５０℃にした３０ｍｍ×１５５ｍｍ×１５５ｍｍの一次金型内に充填して密封し、加圧した状態で４０分加熱し、その後除圧することにより一次発泡させて一次発泡体を得た。次に、前記一次発泡体を１６０℃で１２０分加熱することにより二次発泡させ、二次発泡体を得た。その後二次発泡体を、等速二軸ロールに通して元厚の１／５に圧縮しながら５往復させることにより気泡膜除去処理を行い、各実施例のポリオレフィン系樹脂架橋発泡体を得た。なお、比較のために気泡膜除去処理を行わなかったものと、ポリオレフィン系樹脂架橋発泡体の真密度が１．０１ｇ／ｃｍ３のものをそれぞれ比較例として製造した。実施例及び比較例のポリオレフィン系樹脂架橋発泡体の真密度は、測定器として、株式会社セイシン企業製、型番；ＭＡＴ−７０００を用いて測定した。 The kneaded product is filled in a primary mold of 30 mm × 155 mm × 155 mm at 150 ° C., sealed, heated in a pressurized state for 40 minutes, and then subjected to primary foaming by depressurization to obtain a primary foam. It was. Next, the primary foam was subjected to secondary foaming by heating at 160 ° C. for 120 minutes to obtain a secondary foam. Thereafter, the secondary foam was passed through a constant-speed biaxial roll and reciprocated 5 times while being compressed to 1/5 of the original thickness, thereby removing the cell membrane and obtaining the polyolefin resin cross-linked foam of each example. . For comparison, a non-bubble film removal treatment and a polyolefin resin crosslinked foam having a true density of 1.01 g / cm 3 were produced as comparative examples. The true density of the polyolefin resin cross-linked foams of Examples and Comparative Examples was measured using a model number; MAT-7000, manufactured by Seishin Enterprise Co., Ltd., as a measuring device.
このようにして得られた実施例及び比較例のポリオレフィン系樹脂架橋発泡体を、それぞれ一辺１０ｍｍの立方体に切り出して水処理用微生物担体とし、この水処理用微生物担体の２リットル分と水１０リットルを、図１に示す透明容器からなる生物処理槽１０に投入し、また、生物処理槽１０には１５０ｍｇ／ＬのＢＯＤ濃度に調製した人工汚水を合成下水タンク１３から１Ｌ／ｈｒで供給すると共に、エアーポンプ１５により一週間エアーレーションを行った。その間、水処理用微生物担体の位置及び旋回有無について目視で判断し、また一週間後に生物処理槽１０の採水口１７から採取した試験水についてＢＯＤをＪＩＳ Ｋ ０１０２にしたがって測定した。なお、生物処理槽１０には排水タンク１９が接続されている。生物処理槽１０に投入した人工汚水は、グルコース５０ｇ、グルタミン酸ナトリウム５０ｇ、硫酸アンモニウム５０ｇ、塩化ナトリウム１ｇ、塩化カルシウム０．５ｇ、硫酸マグネシウム０．３ｇ、リン酸水素二カリウム６．４ｇ、リン酸二水素カリウム１．６ｇ、炭酸水素ナトリウム６３ｇを３００リットルの水に溶かして調製した。水処理用微生物担体の位置及び旋回有無及び１週間後のＢＯＤの測定結果を表１ないし表３に示す。なお、表中において「水面下浮上」とは、担体が水を含んで水面下に位置しているが、水面に接して浮かんでいる状態をいい、図１に示すような状態をいう。また下線は数値等が本発明の構成から外れて好ましくない場合を示す。
The polyolefin resin crosslinked foams of Examples and Comparative Examples thus obtained were cut into cubes each having a side of 10 mm to form a microbial carrier for water treatment, and 2 liters of this water treatment microbial carrier and 10 liters of water. 1 is supplied to the biological treatment tank 10 comprising a transparent container shown in FIG. 1, and artificial sewage adjusted to a BOD concentration of 150 mg / L is supplied to the biological treatment tank 10 from the synthetic sewage tank 13 at 1 L / hr. The
表１ないし表３から理解されるように、各実施例の水処理用微生物担体は、短期間で水中に入り込んで水と共に旋回し、また、１週間後のＢＯＤ値が小さく、すなわち水処理能力が高くなっている。それに対して、充填剤の添加量が５５重量部と多い比較例１においては、発泡体を形成することができなかった。また気泡膜除去処理を行わなかった比較例２については、担体が水面上に長く浮かんでいて水中に入り込み難く、１週間後のＢＯＤ値が大きく、水処理能力が劣っていた。一方、担体の真密度が１．２あるいは１．１９ｇ／ｃｍ３と重い比較例３及び４については、短期間の間に担体が水中に沈降して旋回性に劣り、１週間後のＢＯＤ値が実施例よりも少し大きく、水処理能力が少し劣っていた。また、充填剤の添加量が５重量部と充填剤が少量の比較例５については、担体が水中に入り込み難く、１週間後のＢＯＤ値が大きく、水処理能力が劣っていた。また、担体の真密度１．０１ｇ／ｃｍ３と軽すぎる比較例６については、担体が水面上に長く浮かんでいて水中に入り込み難く、１週間後のＢＯＤ値が大きく、水処理能力が劣っていた。 As understood from Tables 1 to 3, the microbial carrier for water treatment of each example enters into water in a short period of time and swirls with water, and has a small BOD value after one week, that is, water treatment capacity. Is high. In contrast, in Comparative Example 1 where the amount of filler added was as large as 55 parts by weight, a foam could not be formed. Moreover, about the comparative example 2 which did not perform a bubble film | membrane removal process, the support | carrier floated on the water surface long, it was difficult to enter water, the BOD value after one week was large, and the water treatment capability was inferior. On the other hand, for Comparative Examples 3 and 4 where the true density of the carrier is as high as 1.2 or 1.19 g / cm 3 , the carrier settles in water in a short period of time and is poor in swirlability, and the BOD value after one week However, the water treatment capacity was slightly inferior to that of the example. Further, in Comparative Example 5 in which the amount of filler added was 5 parts by weight and the amount of filler was small, the carrier was difficult to enter water, the BOD value after one week was large, and the water treatment capacity was inferior. Also, the true density 1.01 g / cm 3 and too Comparative Example 6 light carriers hardly enter the water carrier is floated long on the water surface, BOD value after 1 week is large, it has poor water treatment capacity It was.
１０ 生物処理槽
１３ 合成下水タンク
１５ エアーポンプ
１７ 採水口
１９ 排水タンク
10 biological treatment tank 13
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