JP2006075677A - Treatment method and treatment device for contaminant - Google Patents

Treatment method and treatment device for contaminant Download PDF

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JP2006075677A
JP2006075677A JP2004259920A JP2004259920A JP2006075677A JP 2006075677 A JP2006075677 A JP 2006075677A JP 2004259920 A JP2004259920 A JP 2004259920A JP 2004259920 A JP2004259920 A JP 2004259920A JP 2006075677 A JP2006075677 A JP 2006075677A
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exhaust gas
oil
gas
heating
cleaning
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Hirohisa Nikaido
宏央 二階堂
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Shinko Pantec Co Ltd
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Kobelco Eco Solutions Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a treatment method and a treatment device with which even a contaminant containing large amount of organic matter such as oil can be treated while preventing combustible gas such as CH<SB>4</SB>and CO from being discharged into air at most when an organic halogen compound is removed from the contaminant contaminated by the organic halogen compound. <P>SOLUTION: This treatment method comprises: a reduction heating stage where the contaminant contaminated by the organic halogen compound is heated in a reducing atmosphere; an oil cleaner type gas cleaning stage where exhaust gas exhausted from the reduction heating stage is treated with an oil cleaner; and an exhaust gas heating stage where the exhaust gas treated by the oil cleaner type gas cleaning stage is heated. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、ＰＣＢ等の有機ハロゲン化合物に汚染された汚染物質の処理方法および処理装置に関し、特に、油等の有機物が比較的多く含まれた状態の汚染物質に対して好適な、汚染物質の処理方法および処理装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for treating pollutants contaminated with an organic halogen compound such as PCB, and more particularly to a pollutant suitable for a pollutant containing a relatively large amount of organic matter such as oil. The present invention relates to a processing method and a processing apparatus.

従来、ダイオキシンやポリ塩化ビフェニル（ＰＣＢ）類などの有機ハロゲン化合物に汚染された汚染物質の処理方法としては、該汚染物質を還元雰囲気下で加熱するとともに、そこから排出させた不活性ガス等の排ガスを油洗浄式ガス洗浄装置にて処理する方法が知られている（特許文献１）。
特開２００３−２２５６４３号公報 Conventionally, as a method for treating pollutants contaminated with organic halogen compounds such as dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), the pollutants are heated in a reducing atmosphere, and inert gases discharged from the pollutants are used. A method of treating exhaust gas with an oil cleaning gas cleaning device is known (Patent Document 1).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-225643

斯かる従来技術によれば、汚染物質中に含まれる有機ハロゲン化合物は、還元雰囲気下における加熱によって分解又は蒸発され、ガス排出口から排出される排ガスとともに油洗浄式ガス洗浄装置へと送られ、そこで排ガスから分離された後、無害化処理されることとなる。   According to such conventional technology, the organic halogen compound contained in the pollutant is decomposed or evaporated by heating in a reducing atmosphere, and sent to the oil cleaning type gas cleaning device together with the exhaust gas discharged from the gas discharge port, Therefore, after being separated from the exhaust gas, it is detoxified.

しかしながら、上記のような従来技術においては、汚染物質中に含まれる油等の有機物の含有量が多い場合、具体的には、汚染物質中に０．５重量％を超える有機物が含まれている場合には、還元雰囲気下での加熱により汚染物質中の有機物が熱分解されてＣＨ4やＣＯといった可燃性ガスが発生することとなる。ＣＯは頭痛やめまい等の人体への影響が大きく、しかも排ガス冷却過程でのダイオキシン類生成の要因ともなるものであり、一方、ＣＨ4は地球温暖化への影響がＣＯ2の約２０倍もあるものである為、これらの可燃性ガスが大気中へ放出されるのは好ましくない。よって、従来の処理方法は、有機物の含有量が多い汚染物質の処理には適さないものであった。 However, in the prior art as described above, when the content of organic matter such as oil contained in the pollutant is high, specifically, the pollutant contains more than 0.5% by weight of organic matter. In some cases, organic substances in the pollutant are thermally decomposed by heating in a reducing atmosphere, and flammable gases such as CH 4 and CO are generated. CO has a major impact on the human body, such as headaches and dizziness, and is also a factor in the formation of dioxins in the exhaust gas cooling process, while CH 4 has an impact on global warming about 20 times that of CO 2. It is not preferable that these flammable gases are released into the atmosphere because they are. Therefore, the conventional treatment method is not suitable for treatment of pollutants with a high organic content.

そこで本発明は、有機ハロゲン化合物に汚染された汚染物質から有機ハロゲン化合物を除去するに際し、該汚染物質中に油等の有機物が多く含まれている場合であっても、ＣＨ4やＣＯといった可燃性ガスが大気中へ放出されるのを可及的に防止しつつ、上述のような汚染物質を処理し得る処理方法および処理装置を提供することを一の課題とする。 Therefore, the present invention provides a combustible material such as CH 4 or CO when removing organic halogen compounds from pollutants contaminated with organic halogen compounds, even if the pollutants contain a large amount of organic substances such as oil. Another object is to provide a processing method and a processing apparatus capable of processing the above-mentioned contaminants while preventing as much as possible the release of sex gases into the atmosphere.

上記課題を解決すべく、本発明は、有機ハロゲン化合物に汚染された汚染物質を還元雰囲気中で加熱する還元加熱工程と、該還元加熱工程から排出された排ガスを油洗浄する油洗浄式ガス洗浄工程と、該油洗浄式ガス洗浄工程にて処理された排ガスを加熱する排ガス加熱工程とを備えたことを特徴とする汚染物質の処理方法を提供する。   In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a reduction heating process in which a pollutant contaminated with an organic halogen compound is heated in a reducing atmosphere, and an oil cleaning type gas cleaning in which exhaust gas discharged from the reduction heating process is oil cleaned. There is provided a method for treating a pollutant, comprising a step and an exhaust gas heating step of heating the exhaust gas treated in the oil cleaning type gas cleaning step.

また、本発明は、有機ハロゲン化合物に汚染された汚染物質を還元雰囲気中で加熱するための還元加熱炉と、該還元加熱炉から排出された排ガスを油にて洗浄するための油洗浄式ガス洗浄手段と、該油洗浄式ガス洗浄手段にて処理された排ガスを加熱するための排ガス加熱手段とを備えたことを特徴とする汚染物質の処理装置を提供する。   The present invention also provides a reduction heating furnace for heating pollutants contaminated with organic halogen compounds in a reducing atmosphere, and an oil cleaning gas for cleaning exhaust gas discharged from the reduction heating furnace with oil. Provided is a pollutant processing apparatus comprising a cleaning unit and an exhaust gas heating unit for heating the exhaust gas processed by the oil cleaning type gas cleaning unit.

本発明に係る汚染物質の処理方法および処理装置によれば、汚染物質中に含まれている有機物は、還元加熱工程にて可燃ガスに分解され、油洗浄式ガス洗浄にて吸収されて有機ハロゲン化合物とともに処理され、さらに該油洗浄式ガス洗浄にて吸収されなかった可燃ガスは、排ガス加熱工程にて燃焼されることによって、完全に分解処理されることとなる。
よって、本発明によれば、汚染物質中に有機物が比較的多く含まれている場合であっても、ＣＨ4やＣＯといった可燃性ガスの大気中への放出を抑制しつつ、該汚染物質を無害化処理することが可能となる。 According to the method and apparatus for treating pollutants according to the present invention, organic substances contained in pollutants are decomposed into combustible gases in a reduction heating process, absorbed in oil-washing gas washing, and organic halogens. The combustible gas treated with the compound and further not absorbed by the oil cleaning type gas cleaning is completely decomposed by being burned in the exhaust gas heating step.
Therefore, according to the present invention, even if the pollutant contains a relatively large amount of organic matter, the pollutant is controlled while suppressing the release of flammable gases such as CH 4 and CO into the atmosphere. It becomes possible to perform the detoxification process.

以下、本発明について、図面を参照しつつ詳細に説明する。
図１は、本発明に係る汚染物質の処理装置の一実施形態を示した概略フロー図である。図１に示すように、本実施形態の汚染物質の処理装置１は、被処理物である汚染物質Ａの流れ方向上流側から順に、該汚染物質Ａを還元雰囲気中で加熱する還元加熱炉２と、該還元加熱炉２から排出された汚染物質を冷却する冷却器３とを備えている。
また、前記還元加熱炉２を間接加熱するための加熱装置４と、還元加熱炉２内に還元雰囲気としての高濃度窒素を供給するための窒素発生装置５とが備えられている。そして、還元加熱炉２内は、高濃度窒素が供給されることにより、酸素濃度が３％以下、好ましくは酸素濃度が１％以下であるような還元雰囲気となるよう構成されている。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram showing an embodiment of a pollutant processing apparatus according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the pollutant processing apparatus 1 according to this embodiment includes a reduction heating furnace 2 that heats the pollutant A in a reducing atmosphere in order from the upstream side in the flow direction of the pollutant A that is the object to be processed. And a cooler 3 that cools the pollutants discharged from the reduction heating furnace 2.
Further, a heating device 4 for indirectly heating the reduction heating furnace 2 and a nitrogen generator 5 for supplying high concentration nitrogen as a reducing atmosphere into the reduction heating furnace 2 are provided. The reduction heating furnace 2 is configured so as to have a reducing atmosphere in which the oxygen concentration is 3% or less, preferably 1% or less, by supplying high-concentration nitrogen.

また、本実施形態に係る処理装置１には、前記還元加熱炉２から排出された排ガスＢ中に含まれるダストを除去するための集塵装置１１と、該排ガスＢ中に含まれる有機ハロゲン化合物を除去するための油洗浄式ガス洗浄装置１２とが備えられている。   Further, the treatment apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment includes a dust collector 11 for removing dust contained in the exhaust gas B discharged from the reduction heating furnace 2, and an organic halogen compound contained in the exhaust gas B. And an oil cleaning type gas cleaning device 12 for removing water.

さらに、本実施形態の処理装置１は、前記油洗浄式ガス洗浄装置１２から排出される排ガスＢを加熱するための燃焼室２１と、該燃焼室２１から排出された排ガスＢを冷却するためガス冷却室２２と、冷却された排ガスＢを吸着処理するための活性炭吸着塔２３とを備えており、これらの装置を経た排ガスＢは、誘引ブロワ２４を介して煙突２５から排出されるように構成されている。   Further, the treatment apparatus 1 of the present embodiment includes a combustion chamber 21 for heating the exhaust gas B discharged from the oil cleaning gas cleaning device 12, and a gas for cooling the exhaust gas B discharged from the combustion chamber 21. A cooling chamber 22 and an activated carbon adsorption tower 23 for adsorbing the cooled exhaust gas B are provided, and the exhaust gas B that has passed through these devices is configured to be discharged from the chimney 25 via the induction blower 24. Has been.

前記還元加熱炉２は、汚染物質Ａを、還元雰囲気下において加熱しうる構成のものであれば特に限定されない。該還元加熱炉２としては、例えば、円筒状の加熱装置本体と、該加熱装置本体内部に配された回転軸および該回転軸に設けられたパドル翼と、該加熱装置本体の外側を覆うように形成されたジャケットとを備え、加熱装置本体には窒素等の不活性ガスが供給され、ジャケットには高温のガスが供給されるように構成されたものを使用することができる。また、加熱装置本体が回転する構成としてもよい。
汚染物質Ａを該還元加熱炉によって還元雰囲気下で加熱することにより、該汚染物質Ａ中に含まれるＰＣＢ類等の有機ハロゲン化合物を、分解あるいは蒸発させることによって汚染物質Ａから除去することができる。
還元加熱炉２で浄化された汚染物質Ａ（以下、汚染物質が浄化された後は、被処理物Ａともいう）を冷却するための冷却器３としては、例えば、キルン型の冷却器が好適に使用される。 The reduction heating furnace 2 is not particularly limited as long as the contaminant A can be heated in a reducing atmosphere. As the reduction heating furnace 2, for example, a cylindrical heating device main body, a rotating shaft disposed inside the heating device main body, paddle blades provided on the rotating shaft, and the outside of the heating device main body are covered. And a jacket configured such that an inert gas such as nitrogen is supplied to the main body of the heating device and a high-temperature gas is supplied to the jacket. Moreover, it is good also as a structure which a heating apparatus main body rotates.
By heating the pollutant A in a reducing atmosphere by the reduction heating furnace, organic halogen compounds such as PCBs contained in the pollutant A can be removed from the pollutant A by decomposition or evaporation. .
For example, a kiln type cooler is suitable as the cooler 3 for cooling the pollutant A purified in the reduction heating furnace 2 (hereinafter also referred to as an object A after the pollutant is purified). Used for.

また、本実施形態における油洗浄式ガス洗浄装置１２は、排ガスＢと炭化水素油とを気液接触させて排ガスＢ中の有機ハロゲン化合物を炭化水素油中に分散又は溶解させることにより、前記還元加熱処理手段２から排出された排ガスＢを洗浄するものである。該油洗浄式ガス洗浄装置１２としては、図１に示したようなオイルスクラバーを例示することができる。また、他の油洗浄式ガス洗浄装置としては、油中曝気式洗浄方式や、濡れ壁式洗浄方式のもの等を採用してもよい。
洗浄油としては、排ガス中の有機ハロゲン化合物を溶解しうるものであればよく、例えば、トランス油、灯油、ノルマルパラフィン油などの炭化水素油を好適に使用することができる。 Further, the oil cleaning type gas cleaning device 12 in the present embodiment causes the exhaust gas B and the hydrocarbon oil to come into gas-liquid contact so that the organic halogen compound in the exhaust gas B is dispersed or dissolved in the hydrocarbon oil, thereby reducing the reduction. The exhaust gas B discharged from the heat treatment means 2 is washed. An example of the oil cleaning gas cleaning device 12 is an oil scrubber as shown in FIG. Further, as another oil cleaning type gas cleaning device, an aeration type cleaning system in oil, a wet wall type cleaning system, or the like may be employed.
The cleaning oil is not particularly limited as long as it can dissolve the organic halogen compound in the exhaust gas. For example, hydrocarbon oils such as trans oil, kerosene, and normal paraffin oil can be suitably used.

該油洗浄式ガス洗浄装置１２には、その下部から回収された油と水とを分離する油水分離装置１３と、分離された油に含まれる有機ハロゲン化合物を分解する有機ハロゲン化合物分解装置１４と、分離された水に含まれる有機ハロゲン化合物を吸着する吸着装置（例えば、活性炭吸着塔）１５とが付随して備えられており、有機ハロゲン化合物分解装置１４によって再生された油は前記油洗浄式ガス洗浄装置１２へと返送され、再利用されるように構成されている。前記有機ハロゲン化合物分解装置１４としては、例えば、炭化水素油中に金属ナトリウム粒子が分散されてなるナトリウム分散体を用いたものが好適に使用される。   The oil cleaning gas cleaning device 12 includes an oil / water separator 13 that separates oil and water collected from the lower part thereof, an organic halogen compound decomposer 14 that decomposes an organic halogen compound contained in the separated oil, and the like. And an adsorbing device (for example, activated carbon adsorption tower) 15 for adsorbing the organic halogen compound contained in the separated water, and the oil regenerated by the organic halogen compound decomposing device 14 is the oil washing type. It is configured to be returned to the gas cleaning device 12 and reused. As the organic halogen compound decomposing apparatus 14, for example, an apparatus using a sodium dispersion in which metal sodium particles are dispersed in hydrocarbon oil is preferably used.

燃焼室２１は、前記排ガス中に含まれる可燃成分を完全燃焼させるものである。本実施形態のように、前記還元加熱炉２に窒素を供給するための窒素発生装置５が備えられている場合には、該窒素発生装置５にて副生される高濃度酸素を、該燃焼室２１内に導入しうる構成とすることが好ましい。高濃度酸素を燃焼室２１内に導入することにより、可燃ガスをより一層確実に完全燃焼させることができる。
窒素発生装置５としては、例えば、空気を高圧下で吸着材に接触させることにより、空気中の酸素を該吸着材に吸着させ、吸着材に吸着されにくい窒素を高濃度で得るという、いわゆるＰＳＡ方式の窒素発生装置を好適に使用することができる。 The combustion chamber 21 completely burns combustible components contained in the exhaust gas. When the nitrogen generator 5 for supplying nitrogen to the reduction heating furnace 2 is provided as in the present embodiment, high-concentration oxygen produced as a by-product in the nitrogen generator 5 is used as the combustion. A configuration that can be introduced into the chamber 21 is preferable. By introducing high-concentration oxygen into the combustion chamber 21, the combustible gas can be completely burned more reliably.
As the nitrogen generator 5, for example, by bringing air into contact with an adsorbent under high pressure, oxygen in the air is adsorbed on the adsorbent, and nitrogen that is difficult to be adsorbed on the adsorbent is obtained at a high concentration, so-called PSA. A nitrogen generator of the type can be preferably used.

次に、上記のような構成の汚染物質の処理装置を用いた場合の、汚染物質の処理方法について説明する。   Next, a pollutant processing method when the pollutant processing apparatus having the above-described configuration is used will be described.

汚染物質Ａとしては、有機ハロゲン化合物に汚染され、しかも油等の有機物が比較的多く含まれているような土壌、埋立てごみ等の汚染物質が処理対象となる。
有機物としては、ベンゼン、重油、灯油、コールタール等の油や、ＶＯＣ、プラスティック、ビニールなどが挙げられる。
一方、有機ハロゲン化合物としては、例えば、ダイオキシン類、ポリ塩化ビフェニル（ＰＣＢ）類、ベンザヘキサクロライド、アルドリンなどの有機塩素化合物等が挙げられる。 As the pollutant A, pollutants such as soil and landfill that are contaminated with an organic halogen compound and contain a relatively large amount of organic substances such as oil are treated.
Examples of organic substances include oils such as benzene, heavy oil, kerosene, coal tar, VOC, plastic, vinyl, and the like.
On the other hand, examples of the organic halogen compound include organic chlorine compounds such as dioxins, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), benzhexachloride, and aldrin.

汚染物質Ａに粗大物が含まれている場合には、好ましくは該粗大物を予め除去または破砕した後、該汚染物質Ａを還元加熱炉２に供給する。粗大物を予め除去又は破砕しておくことにより、還元加熱炉および後段の燃焼室で該粗大物は完全燃焼されやすくなり、炭化物として残存することを防止することができる。但し、例えば、還元加熱炉および後段の燃焼室の容量が十分に大きい場合など、該粗大物を完全燃焼が可能である場合には、そのまま投入してもよい。
還元加熱炉２に供給された汚染物質Ａは、還元雰囲気下で加熱される。還元雰囲気下における加熱により、有機ハロゲン化合物は分解又は蒸発によって除去され、油分等の有機物はＣＯやＣＨ4等の可燃成分に熱分解され、排ガスとともに排出される。 When the contaminant A contains a coarse substance, the coarse substance is preferably removed or crushed in advance, and then the contaminant A is supplied to the reduction heating furnace 2. By removing or crushing the coarse material in advance, the coarse material is easily burned completely in the reduction heating furnace and the combustion chamber at the subsequent stage, and can be prevented from remaining as a carbide. However, in the case where the coarse product can be completely combusted, for example, when the capacity of the reduction heating furnace and the subsequent combustion chamber is sufficiently large, the coarse material may be added as it is.
The contaminant A supplied to the reduction heating furnace 2 is heated in a reducing atmosphere. By heating in a reducing atmosphere, the organic halogen compound is removed by decomposition or evaporation, and organic substances such as oil are thermally decomposed into combustible components such as CO and CH 4 and discharged together with the exhaust gas.

前記還元加熱炉２における汚染物質の加熱温度、即ち還元加熱炉２の炉内温度は、２００〜７００℃とすることが好ましく、４００〜６００℃とすることがより好ましい。炉内温度が２００℃よりも低温であれば、汚染物質Ａ中に含まれる有機ハロゲン化合物が分解除去されずに残存するおそれがあり、７００℃よりも高温であっても還元加熱炉での分解、揮発効果が変わらずエネルギーの浪費となるおそれがある。
また、該還元加熱炉２における汚染物質Ａの滞留時間は、通常２０〜１８０分とし、好ましくは３０〜１２０分とする。 The heating temperature of the contaminants in the reduction heating furnace 2, that is, the furnace temperature of the reduction heating furnace 2, is preferably 200 to 700 ° C, and more preferably 400 to 600 ° C. If the furnace temperature is lower than 200 ° C., the organic halogen compound contained in the pollutant A may remain without being decomposed and removed. Even if the temperature is higher than 700 ° C., decomposition in the reduction heating furnace may occur. The volatilization effect does not change and energy may be wasted.
The residence time of the contaminant A in the reduction heating furnace 2 is usually 20 to 180 minutes, preferably 30 to 120 minutes.

そして、該還元加熱炉２によって有機ハロゲン化合物が分解又は揮発され、しかも油分等の有機物が分解又は揮発されることによって浄化された後の被処理物Ａは、高温状態で還元加熱炉２から排出され、冷却器３によって１００℃、好ましくは５０℃以下にまで急冷される。
該冷却器における汚染物質の冷却は、酸素濃度が３％以下の雰囲気下で行うことが好ましく、さらには、酸素濃度１％以下の雰囲気下で行うことがより好ましく、不活性ガス雰囲気下で行うことが最も好ましい。このように、酸素濃度の低い雰囲気下で１００℃以下まで急冷することにより、ダイオキシン等の有機ハロゲン化合物の再合成を有効に防止することができる。 And the to-be-processed object A after the organic halogen compound was decomposed | disassembled or volatilized by this reduction heating furnace 2, and also organic substances, such as oil, were decomposed | disassembled or volatilized, is discharged | emitted from the reduction heating furnace 2 in a high temperature state. And cooled rapidly to 100 ° C., preferably 50 ° C. or less by the cooler 3.
The cooling of the contaminants in the cooler is preferably performed in an atmosphere having an oxygen concentration of 3% or less, more preferably in an atmosphere having an oxygen concentration of 1% or less, and in an inert gas atmosphere. Most preferred. Thus, by rapidly cooling to 100 ° C. or lower in an atmosphere having a low oxygen concentration, resynthesis of organic halogen compounds such as dioxin can be effectively prevented.

一方、還元加熱炉２より排出された排ガスＢは、集塵装置１１にてダストを除去した後、油洗浄式ガス洗浄装置１２にて処理する。該油洗浄式ガス洗浄装置１２では、有機ハロゲン化合物や、油に溶解しやすい可燃成分が除去され、除去された有機ハロゲン化合物等はナトリウム分散体によって完全に分解される。   On the other hand, the exhaust gas B discharged from the reduction heating furnace 2 is processed by the oil cleaning type gas cleaning device 12 after dust is removed by the dust collecting device 11. In the oil cleaning type gas cleaning device 12, organic halogen compounds and combustible components that are easily dissolved in oil are removed, and the removed organic halogen compounds and the like are completely decomposed by the sodium dispersion.

また、油洗浄式ガス洗浄装置１２で除去されなかった可燃ガスや極微量の有機ハロゲン化合物は、排ガスＢとともに燃焼室２１に送り、該燃焼室２１にて加熱されることによって完全燃焼させる。
燃焼室２１における排ガスＢの加熱温度、即ち、燃焼室２１の室内温度は、好ましくは８００〜１１００℃とし、より好ましくは８５０℃以上とする。排ガスＢの加熱温度が８００℃未満であればダイオキシン類等が生じるおそれがあり、１１００℃を超えると燃焼室２１の耐火物を高温に耐えられるような高価なものとする必要があり、しかも排ガス冷却過程において冷却負担が大きくなる。その結果、後段の機器容量が大きくなり、設備のイニシャルコスト増大を招くこととなる。
また、該燃焼室２１における排ガスの滞留時間は１秒以上が好ましく、２秒以上とすることがより好ましい。排ガスの滞留時間が１秒未満である場合には、可燃性ガスが完全に燃焼されずに排出されるとともに、ダイオキシン類が生じるおそれがある。 Further, the combustible gas and the trace amount of the organic halogen compound that have not been removed by the oil cleaning type gas cleaning device 12 are sent to the combustion chamber 21 together with the exhaust gas B, and are completely burned by being heated in the combustion chamber 21.
The heating temperature of the exhaust gas B in the combustion chamber 21, that is, the indoor temperature of the combustion chamber 21, is preferably 800 to 1100 ° C, and more preferably 850 ° C or higher. If the heating temperature of the exhaust gas B is less than 800 ° C., dioxins or the like may be generated. If the heating temperature exceeds 1100 ° C., the refractory in the combustion chamber 21 needs to be expensive enough to withstand high temperatures. The cooling burden increases during the cooling process. As a result, the device capacity of the latter stage is increased, and the initial cost of the equipment is increased.
Further, the residence time of the exhaust gas in the combustion chamber 21 is preferably 1 second or longer, and more preferably 2 seconds or longer. When the residence time of the exhaust gas is less than 1 second, the combustible gas is discharged without being completely burned, and dioxins may be generated.

そして、燃焼室２１から排出された排ガスＢは、ガス冷却室２２にて１８０℃以下に冷却した後、活性炭吸着塔２３によって極めて微量のダストを除去した後、清浄な排ガスＢとして煙突２５から排出する。   The exhaust gas B discharged from the combustion chamber 21 is cooled to 180 ° C. or lower in the gas cooling chamber 22, and then a very small amount of dust is removed by the activated carbon adsorption tower 23, and then discharged from the chimney 25 as clean exhaust gas B. To do.

このように、本実施形態に係る汚染物質の処理装置１を用いた処理方法によれば、汚染物質中に含まれる油等の有機物を還元加熱炉２によって可燃ガスに分解し、その後、油洗浄式ガス洗浄装置１２における吸収と、その後の燃焼室２１における完全燃焼とによって、確実に処理することが可能となる。   Thus, according to the processing method using the pollutant processing apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment, the organic matter such as oil contained in the pollutant is decomposed into a combustible gas by the reduction heating furnace 2, and then washed with oil. By the absorption in the gas type gas scrubber 12 and the subsequent complete combustion in the combustion chamber 21, it is possible to reliably perform the treatment.

また、本発明に係る処理方法によれば、還元加熱炉からの排ガスを直接排ガス加熱手段（燃焼室）に供給するのではなく、油洗浄式ガス洗浄装置で処理した後に排ガス加熱手段（燃焼室）に供給する方式を採用しているため、排ガス中の有機ハロゲン化合物（ダイオキシンやＰＣＢ等）は油洗浄式ガス処理装置にて除去されることとなり、燃焼室へはこのような有機ハロゲン化合物をほとんど含有しない排ガスが送られることとなる。これにより、還元加熱炉からの排ガスを直接燃焼室にて処理する場合に比べ、燃焼室を小型化することができる。   Further, according to the treatment method of the present invention, the exhaust gas from the reduction heating furnace is not directly supplied to the exhaust gas heating means (combustion chamber), but after being treated by the oil cleaning type gas cleaning device, the exhaust gas heating means (combustion chamber) ), The organic halogen compounds (dioxin, PCB, etc.) in the exhaust gas are removed by the oil-cleaning gas treatment device, and such organic halogen compounds are put into the combustion chamber. Exhaust gas that hardly contains is sent. Thereby, a combustion chamber can be reduced in size compared with the case where the exhaust gas from a reduction heating furnace is processed directly in a combustion chamber.

さらに、還元加熱炉からの排ガスに含まれる塩素成分も油洗浄式ガス洗浄装置で吸収されるため、後段の燃焼室に送られる排ガスは、ほとんど塩素成分を含まないものとなっている。これにより、燃焼室後段におけるダイオキシンの発生を抑えることができると同時に、脱塩のために通常必要とされる消石灰添加工程などを省略すること、若しくは消石灰の使用量を減らすことが可能となる。   Furthermore, since the chlorine component contained in the exhaust gas from the reduction heating furnace is also absorbed by the oil cleaning type gas cleaning device, the exhaust gas sent to the subsequent combustion chamber contains almost no chlorine component. Thereby, generation | occurrence | production of the dioxin in a combustion chamber back | latter stage can be suppressed, At the same time, it becomes possible to abbreviate | omit the slaked lime addition process normally required for desalination, or to reduce the usage-amount of slaked lime.

尚、本発明は、上記のような実施形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の範囲内において、種々の変更が可能である。   The present invention is not limited to the embodiment as described above, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the present invention.

例えば、図１に示すように、有機ハロゲン化合物をナトリウム分解する際に排出される排水を、前記ガス冷却室において排ガスを冷却するための冷却水として使用することができる。これにより、排ガス冷却用としての水の使用量を減らし、しかも該汚染物質の処理装置１から排出される排水量をゼロにすることができるという効果がある。   For example, as shown in FIG. 1, waste water discharged when sodium decomposition of an organic halogen compound can be used as cooling water for cooling exhaust gas in the gas cooling chamber. As a result, the amount of water used for exhaust gas cooling can be reduced, and the amount of waste water discharged from the pollutant treatment apparatus 1 can be reduced to zero.

また、還元加熱炉２の加熱用媒体としては、空気をバーナー等の加熱装置４で加熱した加熱ガスを使用することができる。該加熱ガスは、例えば、還元加熱炉２の間接加熱ガスとして使用した後、一部を循環させて還元加熱炉２の加熱用として再利用し、一部を前記燃焼室２１に供給して可燃ガスの燃焼用空気として用いることができる。斯かる構成により、間接加熱ガスの排熱を有効利用して、加熱装置４および燃焼室２１にて必要となる燃料を節約することができるとともに、排ガスＢ中の窒素酸化物の濃度を低減させることが可能である。   Moreover, as a heating medium of the reduction heating furnace 2, a heated gas obtained by heating air with a heating device 4 such as a burner can be used. For example, the heating gas is used as an indirect heating gas for the reduction heating furnace 2, and then partially circulated and reused for heating the reduction heating furnace 2, and a part thereof is supplied to the combustion chamber 21 to be combustible. It can be used as gas combustion air. With such a configuration, the exhaust heat of the indirectly heated gas can be effectively used to save the fuel required in the heating device 4 and the combustion chamber 21, and the concentration of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas B can be reduced. It is possible.

また、図２に示すように、燃焼室２１とガス冷却室２２との間に空気予熱器２６を設け、前記加熱ガスに使用する空気を燃焼室２１から排出される高温の排ガスＢで間接加熱により予熱しておくことも可能である。このような構成によっても、同じく燃料を節約することができる。   In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, an air preheater 26 is provided between the combustion chamber 21 and the gas cooling chamber 22, and the air used for the heating gas is indirectly heated with the high-temperature exhaust gas B discharged from the combustion chamber 21. It is also possible to preheat by. This configuration can also save fuel.

さらに、図３に示すように、燃焼室２１から排出された高温の排ガスを、ガス冷却器２７によって所定の温度に調節した後、前記還元加熱炉２の間接加熱用として直接使用することも可能である。このような構成によっても、同じく燃料を節約することができる。   Further, as shown in FIG. 3, after the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the combustion chamber 21 is adjusted to a predetermined temperature by the gas cooler 27, it can be directly used for indirect heating of the reduction heating furnace 2. It is. This configuration can also save fuel.

また、前記実施形態では、窒素発生装置から排出される酸素を燃焼室に供給する構成としたが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではなく、例えば、該酸素の一部又は全部を還元加熱炉の加熱用として前記加熱装置へ供給してもよい。   In the above embodiment, oxygen discharged from the nitrogen generator is supplied to the combustion chamber. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, part or all of the oxygen is reduced and heated. You may supply to the said heating apparatus for the object for heating of a furnace.

また、前記実施形態では、還元加熱炉の間接加熱ガスや燃焼室からの排ガスの一部を還元加熱炉の加熱用として用いる構成としたが、これ以外にも、還元加熱炉を電気ヒーター等で加熱する構成としてもよい。   Moreover, in the said embodiment, although it was set as the structure which uses a part of indirect heating gas of a reduction heating furnace, or the waste gas from a combustion chamber for the heating of a reduction heating furnace, other than this, a reduction heating furnace is used with an electric heater etc. It is good also as a structure heated.

本発明に係る汚染物質の処理装置の一実施形態を示した概略フロー図。The schematic flowchart which showed one Embodiment of the processing apparatus of the pollutant which concerns on this invention. 本発明に係る汚染物質の処理装置の他の実施形態を示した概略フロー図。The schematic flowchart which showed other embodiment of the processing apparatus of the pollutant which concerns on this invention. 本発明に係る汚染物質の処理装置の他の実施形態を示した概略フロー図。The schematic flowchart which showed other embodiment of the processing apparatus of the pollutant which concerns on this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 汚染物質の処理装置
２ 還元加熱炉
３ 冷却器
４ 加熱装置
１２ 油洗浄式ガス洗浄装置
２１ 燃焼室
２２ ガス冷却室
２６ 空気予熱器
２７ ガス冷却器
Ａ 汚染物質
Ｂ 排ガス DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Pollutant processing device 2 Reduction heating furnace 3 Cooler 4 Heating device 12 Oil cleaning type gas cleaning device 21 Combustion chamber 22 Gas cooling chamber 26 Air preheater 27 Gas cooler A Pollutant B Exhaust gas

Claims (2)

有機ハロゲン化合物に汚染された汚染物質を還元雰囲気中で加熱する還元加熱工程と、該還元加熱工程から排出された排ガスを油にて洗浄する油洗浄式ガス洗浄工程と、
該油洗浄式ガス洗浄工程にて処理された排ガスを加熱する排ガス加熱工程とを備えたこと特徴とする汚染物質の処理方法。 A reduction heating step of heating a pollutant contaminated with an organic halogen compound in a reducing atmosphere; an oil cleaning type gas cleaning step of cleaning exhaust gas discharged from the reduction heating step with oil;
An exhaust gas heating process for heating the exhaust gas processed in the oil cleaning gas cleaning process. 有機ハロゲン化合物に汚染された汚染物質を還元雰囲気中で加熱するための還元加熱炉と、該還元加熱炉から排出された排ガスを油にて洗浄するための油洗浄式ガス洗浄手段と、該油洗浄式ガス洗浄手段にて処理された排ガスを加熱するための排ガス加熱手段とを備えたことを特徴とする汚染物質の処理装置。   A reduction heating furnace for heating pollutants contaminated with organic halogen compounds in a reducing atmosphere; an oil cleaning type gas cleaning means for cleaning exhaust gas discharged from the reduction heating furnace with oil; and the oil An apparatus for treating pollutants, comprising: an exhaust gas heating means for heating the exhaust gas treated by the cleaning gas cleaning means.
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JPH06226233A (en) * 1993-01-29 1994-08-16 Nichias Corp Method and equipment for reducing volume of chlorine-containing plastic waste
JPH09279171A (en) * 1996-04-10 1997-10-28 Nippon Steel Corp Purification of oil-containing thermal decomposition gas
JPH11287413A (en) * 1998-03-31 1999-10-19 Ronford:Kk Treating method for pyrolysis gas in general waste treating and treating method for general waste, which is provided with treating method for pyrolysis gas
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JP2008272596A (en) * 2007-03-14 2008-11-13 Kobelco Eco-Solutions Co Ltd Method and apparatus for heat-treating waste containing organohalogen compound
JP2011110450A (en) * 2009-11-24 2011-06-09 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd System and method for treatment for making pcb waste harmless
JP2013173116A (en) * 2012-02-27 2013-09-05 Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co Ltd Apparatus and method for removing volatile substance

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