JP2005511303A - 水処理における気体供給用の層状シート - Google Patents
水処理における気体供給用の層状シート Download PDFInfo
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- JP2005511303A JP2005511303A JP2003552674A JP2003552674A JP2005511303A JP 2005511303 A JP2005511303 A JP 2005511303A JP 2003552674 A JP2003552674 A JP 2003552674A JP 2003552674 A JP2003552674 A JP 2003552674A JP 2005511303 A JP2005511303 A JP 2005511303A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
- Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
- Y10T428/249987—With nonvoid component of specified composition
- Y10T428/249991—Synthetic resin or natural rubbers
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Abstract
Description
「波状(undulated)」は、波状(wavelike)形態または外観を有することを意味し、
「畝状(corrugated)」は、ひだの形状または平行で交互の***および溝の形状を有することを意味し、
「疎油性」は、油または脂をはじくか、油または脂と混合しない傾向があることを意味し、
「シート構造体」は、連続表面を有する広い略平坦なマスであるシートの形態の構造を有することを意味し、
「不透水性」は、標準温度および標準圧力の条件下で液体水を透過させないことを意味し、そして
「親水性」は、水を結合または吸収する傾向が強いことを意味する。
図1は、本発明の装置10の一実施形態の斜視図を示す。装置10は、気体透過性層12と、気体送出層14と、任意の微生物支持層16とを含む。気体送出層14は、図1に例示されているように、酸素含有気体などの気体を気体透過性層12の主面に送出することを考慮する、ベース26、壁18、およびフローチャネル20を含んでもよい。しかし、気体送出層の代替構造も、本発明によって企図される。図1に示された構成要素ならびに代替構成要素および付加的な構成要素を、以下で詳細に説明する。
本発明の気体透過性層12は、気体透過性不透水性材料の層を含む。好ましくは、気体透過性層は、約0.5マイクロメートル未満の孔径を有する微孔性である。好ましい最大孔径は、本発明の装置の性能に悪影響を及ぼすことがある、微生物集団中の微生物が、気体透過性層を透過し、気体透過性層内で成長することを防止する。しかし、気体透過性層が0.5マイクロメートル以上の孔径を有することが可能である。本発明の気体透過性層が、実質的に非多孔性であるが、それにもかかわらず、拡散によって非多孔性層を通過することができる対象の気体を、十分に透過させることも可能である。
本発明の気体送出層14は、気体送出層が付着された気体透過性層への気体の送出を考慮する。本発明の気体送出層は、多くの異なった形状、構造、テクスチャーなどを有してもよい。
任意に、本発明の装置は、気体透過性層に近接しているか、連結された微生物支持層16をさらに含む。
1以上の気体を本発明の気体送出層に送出してもよい。本発明を用いて送出可能な気体の例は、空気、酸素化された空気、純酸素、メタンまたは他の炭化水素ガス、およびこれらのいずれかの混合物を含む。しかし、他の気体も、本発明によって企図される.
本発明の微生物集団は、好気性微生物を含んでもよい。微生物集団は、また、有機物質および/または窒素源で汚染された水性媒体の効果的な処理をもたらす好気性微生物および嫌気性微生物の混合培養物を含んでもよい。混合培養物は、好ましく、また、好気性処理だけでは十分に除去されないさまざまな有機化合物および窒素源を劣化させることができる。
本発明の装置は、気体透過性層を気体送出層に近接して配置することによって組立ててもよい。次に、任意に、微生物支持層を、気体透過性層の気体送出層と反対側に、気体透過性層に近接して配置してもよい。代わりに、本発明の装置の構成要素を、積層、接着剤結合、熱結合、超音波結合、圧力結合、化学結合などのさまざまな手段によって、互いに貼るか付着してもよい。代わりに、構成要素を、それらの端縁の周りでともに積層してもよい。本発明の装置を組立てる他の方法も、本出願によって企図される。
本発明の別の実施形態は、a)少なくとも1つの層状シート構造体を提供する工程であって、前記層状シート構造体が、i)少なくとも1つの気体透過性不透水性層と、ii)前記少なくとも1つの気体透過性層に近接した気体送出層とを含む、工程と、b)前記少なくとも1つの層状構造体の前記少なくとも1つの気体透過性層上に微生物層を確立する工程と、c)少なくとも1つの気体を、前記少なくとも1つの層状構造体の前記少なくとも1つの気体送出層に供給する工程と、d)前記水性媒体を前記微生物層と接触させる工程とを含む、少なくとも1つの有機物質および少なくとも1つの窒素源の一方または両方を含有する水性媒体から、少なくとも1つの有機物質および少なくとも1つの窒素源の一方または両方を実質的に除去するためのプロセスである。
走査型電子顕微鏡写真(SEM)
JEOL(商標)モデル840SEM(マサチューセッツ州のピーボディ(Peabody,Massachusetts))でSEMを撮影した。サンプルを金または金/パラジウム(60/40)混合物でスパッタコーティングし、サンプル表面を10キロボルト(kV)の電圧および250から1000倍(250−1000×.)の倍率で画像化した。
実施例1は、気体送出層を形成し、気体透過性層を気体送出層のテクスチャード表面に貼ることによって製造された本発明の装置を示す。
実施例2は、両側にテクスチャード特徴(壁)を有する気体送出層(二重気体送出層)を示す。
実施例3は、両側にテクスチャード特徴を有する気体送出層(二重気体送出層)を製造する別の方法を示す。
この実施例は、気体透過性層に隣接した微生物集団の固定を向上させるために、本発明の気体透過性層に積層するのに適した、表面積が大きい微生物支持層の製造を示す。
この実施例は、親水性を向上させるように処理された微生物支持層を示す。
この実施例は、経膜的酸素化による疎水性気体透過性層上のバイオフィルムまたは微生物層の成長を示す。
この実施例は、気体透過性層に積層された支持層の表面上のバイオフィルムの成長を示す。
この実施例は、気体透過性層の疎油性を高める方法を示す。
Claims (21)
- a.少なくとも1つの多孔性気体透過性不透水性層と、
b.気体を前記部分aの層に運ぶことができるフローチャネルを形成する複数のレールがある側を有するベースを含む、前記部分aの層に近接した気体送出層とを含む層状シート構造体。 - 前記部分aの層が微孔性である、請求項1に記載の層状シート構造体。
- 前記部分aの層が、気体透過性ポリマーコーティングでコーティングされている、請求項2に記載の層状シート構造体。
- 前記気体送出層が、気体を運ぶことができるフローチャネルを形成する複数のレールを有する2つの側を有し、前記気体送出層の両側に、前記気体送出層に近接して気体透過性不透水性層を有する、請求項1に記載の層状シート構造体。
- 前記ベースにマイクロチャネルがあって、前記フローチャネルの長さを延在する、請求項1に記載の層状シート構造体。
- 前記層状シート構造体または前記部分aの層が、形状が波状または畝状の一方または両方である表面を有する、請求項1に記載の層状シート構造体。
- 間隙を形成するように隔置された連続巻きを有する螺旋に巻かれた、請求項1に記載の層状シート構造体。
- 前記部分aの層に近接した微生物集団をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の層状シート構造体。
- 少なくとも1つの有機物質または少なくとも1つの窒素源を、そのような源を含有する水性媒体から除去する方法であって、
a.請求項1に記載の少なくとも1つの層状シート構造体を提供する工程と、
b.前記層状シート構造体の部分aの層上に微生物層を確立する工程と、
c.前記層状シート構造体の気体送出層に気体を供給する工程と、
d.前記水性媒体を前記微生物層と接触させる工程とを含む方法。 - a.少なくとも1つの多孔性気体透過性不透水性層と、
b.気体を前記部分aの層に運ぶことができる手段を提供する、前記部分aの層に近接した気体送出層とを含む層状シート構造体であって、
前記部分aの層が、疎油性であるか、改良された疎油性を有し、次の特徴、すなわち、
i.任意に硬化性であるフルオロケミカルまたはフルオロポリマーを含む組成物のコーティング、
ii.気体フッ素化種の存在下で電離放射線またはプラズマ放電によって処理された表面、
iii.前記気体透過性不透水性層の組成物中のフルオロケミカル添加剤、または
iv.ポリジメチルシロキサンのコーティング
のうちの少なくとも1つを有する、層状シート構造体。 - 前記気体送出層が、多孔性および気体透過性である材料を含む、請求項10に記載の層状シート構造体。
- 前記気体送出層が、織布および不織布からなる群から選択される材料を含む、請求項10に記載の層状シート構造体。
- 前記気体送出層が、気体を前記部分aの層に運ぶことができるフローチャネルを形成する複数のレールがある側を有するベースを含む、請求項10に記載の層状シート構造体。
- 少なくとも1つの有機物質または少なくとも1つの窒素源を、そのような源を含有する水性媒体から除去する方法であって、
a.請求項10に記載の少なくとも1つの層状シート構造体を提供する工程と、
b.そのような層状シート構造体の部分aの層上に微生物層を確立する工程と、
c.前記層状シート構造の気体送出層に気体を供給する工程と、
d.前記水性媒体を前記微生物層と接触させる工程とを含む方法。 - a.少なくとも1つの多孔性気体透過性不透水性層と、
b.気体を前記部分aの層に運ぶことができる手段を提供する、前記部分aの層に近接した気体送出層と、
c.前記部分aの層の、前記気体送出層と反対側に配置された、前記部分aの層に近接した少なくとも1つの微生物支持層とを含む層状シート構造体。 - 前記微生物支持層に近接した、または前記微生物支持層の内部の一方または両方の微生物集団をさらに含む、請求項15に記載の層状シート構造体。
- 前記微生物支持層が正に帯電された、請求項15に記載の層状シート構造体。
- 前記微生物支持層が、化石リグノセルロース、泥炭、亜炭、石炭、コークス、木炭、活性炭、細かく分けられた蒸留残留物、無機充填剤、プラスチック粒子、およびそれらの混合物からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つの吸収性充填剤材料を含む、請求項15に記載の層状シート構造体。
- 前記気体送出層が、気体を前記部分aの層に運ぶことができるフローチャネルを形成する複数のレールがある側を有するベースを含む、請求項15に記載の層状シート構造体。
- 前記部分aの層が、疎油性であるか、改良された疎油性を有し、次の特徴、すなわち、
i.任意に硬化性であるフルオロケミカルまたはフルオロポリマーを含む組成物のコーティング、
ii.気体フッ素化種の存在下で電離放射線またはプラズマ放電によって処理された表面、
iii.前記気体透過性不透水性層の組成物中のフルオロケミカル添加剤、または
iv.ポリジメチルシロキサンのコーティング
のうちの少なくとも1つを有する、請求項15に記載の層状シート構造体。 - 少なくとも1つの有機物質または少なくとも1つの窒素源を、そのような源を含有する水性媒体から除去する方法であって、
a.請求項15に記載の少なくとも1つの層状シート構造体を提供する工程と、
e.そのような層状シート構造の微生物支持層上または前記微生物支持層内に微生物層を確立する工程と、
f.前記層状シート構造体の気体送出層に気体を供給する工程と、
g.前記水性媒体を前記微生物層と接触させる工程とを含む方法。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20040066162A (ko) | 2004-07-23 |
US20030104192A1 (en) | 2003-06-05 |
AU2002334979A1 (en) | 2003-06-30 |
JP4680504B2 (ja) | 2011-05-11 |
US7140495B2 (en) | 2006-11-28 |
WO2003051782A1 (en) | 2003-06-26 |
EP1453762A1 (en) | 2004-09-08 |
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