JP2005243345A - Conductor for flat cable and flat cable using it - Google Patents

Conductor for flat cable and flat cable using it Download PDF

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JP2005243345A
JP2005243345A JP2004049843A JP2004049843A JP2005243345A JP 2005243345 A JP2005243345 A JP 2005243345A JP 2004049843 A JP2004049843 A JP 2004049843A JP 2004049843 A JP2004049843 A JP 2004049843A JP 2005243345 A JP2005243345 A JP 2005243345A
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Shinji Katayama
慎司 片山
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Fujikura Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a copper conductor for an FFC with the generation of a whisker restrained even with application of a pure tin-plated layer, and an FFC used for electronic equipment or the like free from an inter-wire short circuit or the like of the conductor even if the FFC is applied with reflow treatment by the use of the conductor. <P>SOLUTION: The flat cable uses a plurality of conductors arranged between tape-like plastic films. The conductor is composed of a base layer of copper or a copper alloy and a pure tin-plated layer formed around it. Problems are solved as an inter-metal compound layer with a Cu<SB>3</SB>Sn layer and a Cu<SB>6</SB>Sn<SB>5</SB>layer laminated in turn from the surface of the base conductor is formed between the base conductor and the pure tin-plated layer, with a thickness of the Cu<SB>3</SB>Sn layer of 30% or more to the total thickness of the Cu<SB>3</SB>Sn layer and the Cu<SB>6</SB>Sn<SB>5</SB>layer. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、ウイスカーの発生が殆どないフラットケーブル用導体並びにそれを用いたフラットケーブルに関する。   The present invention relates to a conductor for a flat cable that hardly generates whiskers and a flat cable using the same.

各種の電子機器類の内部配線として使用されるフレキシブルフラットケーブル(以下FFC)は、厚さが数十μmの平角銅導体を複数本並行に配置し、これを2枚のプラスチックフィルムで挟み込んだ構造のものである。そして前記銅導体には、腐食が生じないようにするためや、他の部品等との半田付性を良好にするために錫−鉛合金半田めっきが施される。しかしながら、鉛は環境問題等があるため鉛フリーの方向にあり、鉛を含まない純錫や錫系合金系のめっき層が施されるようになってきた。ところがこの純錫や錫合金系のめっき層は、ウイスカーと称するひげ状結晶(針状単結晶)の発生の問題がある。近年の電子機器類の小型化や高密度化によるFFCの導体間のファインピッチ化のために、このウイスカーによる導体短絡が生じて電子部品等の信頼性を低下させる問題が発生している。   A flexible flat cable (hereinafter FFC) used as the internal wiring of various electronic devices has a structure in which a plurality of flat copper conductors with a thickness of several tens of μm are arranged in parallel and sandwiched between two plastic films. belongs to. The copper conductor is subjected to tin-lead alloy solder plating in order to prevent corrosion and to improve solderability with other components. However, lead is in the direction of lead-free due to environmental problems and the like, and pure tin and tin-based alloy plating layers not containing lead have been applied. However, this pure tin or tin alloy-based plating layer has a problem of generation of whisker-like crystals (acicular single crystals) called whiskers. Due to the fine pitch between FFC conductors due to downsizing and increasing the density of electronic devices in recent years, there is a problem that the short circuit of the conductor due to the whisker occurs and the reliability of electronic parts and the like is lowered.

そこでウイスカーの発生を抑制する技術が提案されている。例えば特許文献1には、長径/短径の比が3以上の結晶粒を有するスズメッキを平型導体の外周に施すことによってウイスカーの発生を抑えることができるとしている。確かに純錫めっき層を形成した銅導体は、通電によるめっき層のリフロー(再溶融)によってウイスカーの発生をかなり抑制できるが、このようなFFCを特にピンを有するコネクタと嵌合して使用した場合には、コネクタ嵌合部にウイスカーが発生する問題を十分には解決できなかった。
特開2000−173364号公報
Therefore, a technique for suppressing the generation of whiskers has been proposed. For example, Patent Document 1 states that whisker generation can be suppressed by applying tin plating having crystal grains having a major axis / minor axis ratio of 3 or more to the outer periphery of a flat conductor. Certainly, the copper conductor on which the pure tin plating layer is formed can considerably suppress the generation of whiskers by reflow (remelting) of the plating layer by energization, but such FFC is used by fitting with a connector having a pin in particular. In this case, the problem that whiskers are generated in the connector fitting portion could not be sufficiently solved.
JP 2000-173364 A

よって本発明が解決しようとする課題は、純錫めっき層を施してもウイスカーの発生が少ないFFC用の銅導体を提供すること、またこの導体を用いリフロー処理してFFCとしコネクタと嵌合して使用しても、導体の線間短絡等を生じることがない電子機器類に使用されるFFCを提供することにある。   Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a copper conductor for FFC that generates few whiskers even if a pure tin plating layer is applied, and to reflow-treat using this conductor to form an FFC that fits with a connector. It is an object of the present invention to provide an FFC that is used in electronic devices that do not cause a short circuit between conductors even when used.

前記解決しようとする課題は、請求項1に記載されるように、複数本の導体をテープ状プラスチックフィルム間に配置したFFC用の導体であって、前記導体が銅或いは銅合金の下地導体とその周囲に形成された純錫めっき層からなり、前記下地導体と前記純錫めっき層との間には下地導体表面から順次CuSnの層、CuSnの層が積層された金属間化合物層が形成され、かつ前記CuSn層とCuSn層の合計厚さに対してCuSn層の厚さが30%以上であるFFC用導体とすることによって、解決される。 The problem to be solved is a conductor for FFC in which a plurality of conductors are arranged between tape-shaped plastic films as described in claim 1, wherein the conductor is a copper or copper alloy base conductor. It is composed of a pure tin plating layer formed around it, and between the base conductor and the pure tin plating layer, a Cu 3 Sn layer and a Cu 6 Sn 5 layer are sequentially laminated from the base conductor surface. This is solved by forming an FFC conductor in which a compound layer is formed and the thickness of the Cu 3 Sn layer is 30% or more with respect to the total thickness of the Cu 3 Sn layer and the Cu 6 Sn 5 layer.

また請求項2に記載されるように、請求項1に記載されるFFC用導体の複数本を用いたFFCとすることによって、解決される。   Further, as described in claim 2, the problem is solved by using an FFC using a plurality of the FFC conductors described in claim 1.

本発明は、複数本の導体をテープ状プラスチックフィルム間に配置したFFC用の導体であって、前記導体が銅或いは銅合金の下地導体とその周囲に形成された純錫めっき層からなり、前記下地導体と前記純錫めっき層との間には下地導体表面から順次CuSnの層、CuSnの層が積層された金属間化合物層が形成され、かつ前記CuSn層とCuSn層の合計厚さに対して、CuSn層の厚さが30%以上であるFFC用導体としたので、ウイスカーの少ないFFC用導体を提供できる。 The present invention is an FFC conductor in which a plurality of conductors are arranged between tape-shaped plastic films, the conductor comprising a copper or copper alloy base conductor and a pure tin plating layer formed around the conductor, between the an underlying conductor pure tin plating layer a layer of sequential Cu 3 Sn from the underlying conductor surface, the intermetallic compound layer layers laminated in Cu 6 Sn 5 is formed, and the Cu 3 Sn layer and the Cu Since the conductor for FFC in which the thickness of the Cu 3 Sn layer is 30% or more with respect to the total thickness of 6 Sn 5 layers, an FFC conductor with few whiskers can be provided.

さらに、前記FFC用導体の複数本を用いたFFCとすることによって、ウイスカーの発生が少なく導体の線間短絡等を生じることがない、電子機器類に使用されるFFCを提供できる。   Furthermore, by using an FFC that uses a plurality of the FFC conductors, it is possible to provide an FFC that is used in electronic equipment that has few whiskers and does not cause a short-circuit between conductors.

以下に本発明を詳細に説明する。請求項1に記載される発明は、複数本の導体をテープ状プラスチックフィルム間に配置したFFC用の導体であって、前記導体が銅或いは銅合金の下地導体とその周囲に形成された純錫めっき層からなり、前記下地導体と前記純錫めっき層との間には下地導体表面から順次CuSnの層、CuSnの層が積層された金属間化合物層が形成され、かつ前記CuSn層とCuSn層の合計厚さに対してCuSn層の厚さが30%以上であるFFC用導体であり、このような構成にすることによって、純錫めっき層を銅或いは銅合金導体上に施した場合にも、ウイスカーの発生を抑制することができる。 The present invention is described in detail below. The invention described in claim 1 is an FFC conductor in which a plurality of conductors are arranged between tape-like plastic films, and the conductor is a copper or copper alloy base conductor and pure tin formed therearound An intermetallic compound layer in which a layer of Cu 3 Sn and a layer of Cu 6 Sn 5 are sequentially stacked from the surface of the underlying conductor is formed between the underlying conductor and the pure tin plating layer; and A conductor for FFC in which the thickness of the Cu 3 Sn layer is 30% or more with respect to the total thickness of the Cu 3 Sn layer and the Cu 6 Sn 5 layer. The occurrence of whiskers can also be suppressed when applied on copper or copper alloy conductors.

このような発明に至ったのは、FFCとコネクタ嵌合部、特にピンを有するコネクタ嵌合部に発生するウイスカーについて検討した結果、ウイスカーの発生はコネクタから受ける外部応力の影響が大きいことを見いだしたことにある。すなわち、純錫めっき層が形成された導体に通常のリフロー処理を施した場合、銅或いは銅合金からなる導体と純錫めっき層の界面にCuSn金属間化合物層が生成され、FFCとコネクタの嵌合部が外部応力を受けると、ウイスカー感受性が高まることになる。しかしながら、さらに拡散処理を進行させるとCuSn金属間化合物の層の他に、CuSn層と銅導体との間にCuSn金属間化合物の層が生成され、このCuSn金属間化合物層の量がある量より多くなると、外部応力が緩和されてウイスカーの発生が抑えられることが確認された。これは、CuSn金属間化合物層の密度がCuSn金属間化合物層の密度よりも大きいので、CuSn金属間化合物層のみが存在する場合の体積膨張と異なり、体積が収縮するので、圧縮の内部応力が緩和されると共に、コネクタから受ける圧縮の外部応力が低下するものと考えられる。 As a result of examining the whisker generated in the FFC and the connector fitting part, particularly the connector fitting part having a pin, the inventors have found that the generation of the whisker is greatly influenced by the external stress received from the connector. That is. That is, when a normal reflow treatment is applied to a conductor on which a pure tin plating layer is formed, a Cu 6 Sn 5 intermetallic compound layer is generated at the interface between the conductor made of copper or a copper alloy and the pure tin plating layer, and FFC and If the fitting part of a connector receives external stress, whisker sensitivity will increase. However, when the diffusion treatment is further advanced, in addition to the Cu 6 Sn 5 intermetallic compound layer, a Cu 3 Sn intermetallic compound layer is formed between the Cu 6 Sn 5 layer and the copper conductor, and this Cu 3 Sn It was confirmed that when the amount of the intermetallic compound layer exceeds a certain amount, the external stress is relaxed and the generation of whiskers is suppressed. This is because the density of the Cu 3 Sn intermetallic compound layer is larger than the density of the Cu 6 Sn 5 intermetallic compound layer, so that the volume shrinks unlike the volume expansion when only the Cu 6 Sn 5 intermetallic compound layer exists. Therefore, it is considered that the internal stress of compression is relaxed and the external stress of compression received from the connector is reduced.

実験に拠れば、銅或いは銅合金とその上にめっきされた純錫との間にCuSn層とCuSn層からなる金属間化合物層において、前記CuSn層の厚さがCuSn層とCuSn層の合計の厚さの30%以上となるように形成した金属間化合物層とすることによって、ウイスカーの発生が抑制できることを確認した。これはCuSn金属間化合物層の厚さが、CuSn層とCuSn層の合計の厚さの30%以上となると、体積の収縮による内部応力の緩和効果が現れ、外部応力が低下できるためにウイスカーの発生が抑制されると思われる。このような厚さのCuSn金属間化合物層は、銅或いは銅合金導体上にめっきされた純錫との熱拡散処理によって生成するので、通常のリフロー処理よりも熱拡散反応を進行させるように、線速や温度のアニーラ条件を設定することによって、CuSn層とCuSn層からなる金属間化合物層中のCuSn層の厚さを30%以上とすることができる。 According to an experiment, in the intermetallic compound layer composed of a Cu 6 Sn 5 layer and a Cu 3 Sn layer between copper or a copper alloy and pure tin plated thereon, the thickness of the Cu 3 Sn layer is Cu. It was confirmed that whisker generation can be suppressed by using an intermetallic compound layer formed so as to be 30% or more of the total thickness of the 3 Sn layer and the Cu 6 Sn 5 layer. This is because when the thickness of the Cu 3 Sn intermetallic compound layer is 30% or more of the total thickness of the Cu 3 Sn layer and the Cu 6 Sn 5 layer, the effect of mitigating internal stress due to volume shrinkage appears. It is considered that whisker generation is suppressed because of the decrease in the slag. Since the Cu 3 Sn intermetallic compound layer having such a thickness is generated by a thermal diffusion process with pure tin plated on copper or a copper alloy conductor, the thermal diffusion reaction is more advanced than a normal reflow process. to, by setting the annealer condition linear velocity and temperature, the thickness of the Cu 3 Sn layer of intermetallic compound layer composed of Cu 6 Sn 5 layer and the Cu 3 Sn layer can be 30% or more.

そして以上のFFC用の銅導体は、請求項2に記載されるように、FFC用の銅導体の複数本を、2枚のプラスチックフィルム間に並行に配置することによって、ウイスカーが少なく導体の線間短絡等を生じることがない、電子機器類に使用されるFFCとなる。すなわち、前述したFFC用の銅或いは銅合金導体は、純錫めっきが施された後に所定の形状に成形され、この導体を平行に配置した後に2枚のプラスチックフィルムによってサンドイッチ状にした後、銅導体に通電して熱拡散処理(リフローも兼ねる)することによって、CuSnの層の厚さがCuSn層とCuSn層の合計の厚さに対して、30%以上に形成させることができる。得られたFFC用の導体はウイスカーの発生が抑制された導体となり、これを用いたFFCはコネクタと嵌合して使用しても、ウイスカーの発生による導体間の短絡等のないFFCとなる。このようにウイスカーの少ないFFCでは、銅導体の間隙が50μm程度としても問題がなく、小型化のFFCとすることが可能となる。 Further, as described in claim 2, the FFC copper conductor described above includes a plurality of copper conductors for FFC arranged in parallel between two plastic films, thereby reducing the number of whiskers. This is an FFC used for electronic equipment that does not cause a short circuit. In other words, the copper or copper alloy conductor for FFC described above is formed into a predetermined shape after being subjected to pure tin plating, and after the conductor is arranged in parallel, it is sandwiched by two plastic films, and then the copper by thermal diffusion treatment (reflow serves also as) by energizing the conductors, the total thickness of the Cu 3 thickness of the Sn layer is Cu 6 Sn 5 layer and the Cu 3 Sn layer, formed over 30% Can be made. The obtained FFC conductor is a conductor in which the generation of whiskers is suppressed, and the FFC using the FFC is an FFC that does not cause a short circuit between the conductors due to the generation of whiskers even when fitted to a connector. Thus, in the FFC with few whiskers, there is no problem even if the gap between the copper conductors is about 50 μm, and it is possible to make the FFC smaller.

表1に記載した実施例並びに比較例によって、本発明の効果を確認した。すなわち、Φ0.8mmの銅線上に純錫めっき層を、20μm厚さに電気めっき法によって形成した後、Φ0.4mmまで伸線を行なった。この銅線を圧延加工によって、厚さ0.05mm、幅0.035mmの平角導体とした。ついで、この銅導体を用いてFFCを作製し、通電アニーラによって純錫と銅を相互拡散して、CuSn層とCuSn層からなる金属間化合物層中のCuSn層が、CuSn層とCuSn層の厚さの合計に対してそれぞれの厚さ(%)となるように生成させた。得られたFFCの端子部を錫−銅めっきしたコネクタと嵌合させて、2週間室温中に放置した。その後前記コネクタからはずし、前記端子部をSEM(走査型電子顕微鏡)を用いてウイスカーの発生状況を観察し、ウイスカーの発生本数並びに最大長さを調べた。(15端子部について測定した結果である。)結果を表1に示した。 The effects of the present invention were confirmed by the examples and comparative examples described in Table 1. That is, a pure tin plating layer was formed on a copper wire of Φ0.8 mm to a thickness of 20 μm by electroplating, and then drawn to Φ0.4 mm. This copper wire was rolled into a flat conductor having a thickness of 0.05 mm and a width of 0.035 mm. Next, an FFC is produced using this copper conductor, and pure tin and copper are mutually diffused by a current-carrying annealer, and the Cu 3 Sn layer in the intermetallic compound layer composed of the Cu 6 Sn 5 layer and the Cu 3 Sn layer is obtained. were generated such that the respective thicknesses (%) with respect to the total thickness of the Cu 6 Sn 5 layer and the Cu 3 Sn layer. The terminal part of the obtained FFC was fitted with a tin-copper plated connector and left at room temperature for 2 weeks. Thereafter, the connector was removed, and the terminal portion was observed using whisker using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the number of whiskers and the maximum length were examined. (This is the result of measurement for 15 terminals.) The results are shown in Table 1.

Figure 2005243345
Figure 2005243345

表1の実施例1〜3に示されるように、CuSn層の厚さがCuSn層とCuSn層の合計厚さに対して、30%以上となるように金属間化合物層中に生成させることによってウイスカーの発生本数が殆どなく、発生したウイスカーの最大長も35μm以下と、導体間の短絡等が見られなかった。すなわち、CuSn層とCuSn層からなる金属間化合物層中のCuSn金属間化合物層の割合が多くなってくると、CuSn金属間化合物層の体積収縮による圧縮の内部応力の緩和効果が現れると共に、外部応力が低下できるために、ウイスカーの発生が抑制されていることを裏付けていると考えられる。 As shown in Examples 1-3 of Table 1, Cu 3 the thickness of the Sn layer with respect to the total thickness of the Cu 6 Sn 5 layer and the Cu 3 Sn layer, an intermetallic compound such that 30% or more By generating in the layer, there were almost no whiskers, the maximum length of the whiskers was 35 μm or less, and no short circuit between conductors was observed. That is, when the ratio of Cu 6 Sn 5 layer and the Cu 3 Sn intermetallic compound consisting of layers layer Cu 3 Sn intermetallic compound layer comes increasingly, internal compression by volumetric shrinkage of Cu 3 Sn intermetallic compound layer It is thought that since the stress relaxation effect appears and the external stress can be reduced, the occurrence of whiskers is suppressed.

これに対して、比較例1または2に示されるように金属間化合物層中のCuSn金属間化合物の層が、CuSn層とCuSn層の合計厚さに対して30%未満である場合は、ウイスカーの発生本数が実施例に比べて倍以上となると共に、その最大長さも45μm以上となって導体間短絡が生じ易くなっている。具体的には、CuSn層とCuSn層からなる金属間化合物層中のCuSn金属間化合物層の厚さが、20%以下ではCuSn金属間化合物層の体積収縮による内部応力の緩和効果が現れず、外部応力が低下しないためにウイスカーの発生を抑制することが難しいことが明らかである。 In contrast, as shown in Comparative Example 1 or 2, the Cu 3 Sn intermetallic compound layer in the intermetallic compound layer was 30% of the total thickness of the Cu 6 Sn 5 layer and the Cu 3 Sn layer. If it is less than the number, the number of whiskers generated is more than double that of the embodiment, and the maximum length is 45 μm or more. Specifically, the thickness of the Cu 6 Sn 5 layer and the Cu 3 Sn Cu 3 Sn intermetallic compound of the intermetallic compound layer consisting of layer layer, is 20% or less by volume shrinkage of Cu 3 Sn intermetallic compound layer It is clear that it is difficult to suppress the occurrence of whiskers because the internal stress relaxation effect does not appear and the external stress does not decrease.

以上のようなFFC用導体は、錫系合金めっきを施してもウイスカーが少ないので、この導体を使用したFFCは、導体の線間短絡等を生じることがないので、種々の電子機器類に使用されるFFCとして有用なものである。   Since the FFC conductors described above have few whiskers even when tin-based alloy plating is applied, FFCs using these conductors do not cause line-to-line shorts of the conductors, so they are used in various electronic devices. It is useful as an FFC.

Claims (2)

複数本の導体をテープ状プラスチックフィルム間に配置したフラットケーブル用の導体であって、前記導体が銅或いは銅合金の下地導体とその周囲に形成された純錫めっき層からなり、前記下地導体と前記純錫めっき層との間には下地導体表面から順次CuSnの層、CuSnの層が積層された金属間化合物層が形成され、かつ前記CuSn層とCuSn層の合計厚さに対してCuSn層の厚さが30%以上であることを特徴とするフラットケーブル用導体。 A conductor for a flat cable in which a plurality of conductors are arranged between tape-like plastic films, the conductor comprising a copper or copper alloy base conductor and a pure tin plating layer formed around the conductor, and the base conductor and wherein between the pure tin plating layer a layer of sequential Cu 3 Sn from the underlying conductor surface, the intermetallic compound layers are laminated in the Cu 6 Sn 5 layer is formed, and the Cu 3 Sn layer and the Cu 6 Sn 5 A flat cable conductor, wherein the thickness of the Cu 3 Sn layer is 30% or more with respect to the total thickness of the layers. 請求項1に記載される、フラットケーブル用導体の複数本を用いたことを特徴とするフラットケーブル。   A flat cable using a plurality of flat cable conductors according to claim 1.
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JP2007231393A (en) * 2006-03-02 2007-09-13 Fujitsu Ltd Member with plated coating film and plating treatment method
JP2008059814A (en) * 2006-08-29 2008-03-13 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd Manufacturing method of rectangular conductor, and manufacturing method of flat cable
JP2009231065A (en) * 2008-03-24 2009-10-08 Fujikura Ltd Tin-system plated rectangular conductor and flexible flat cable
US8017876B2 (en) 2004-07-08 2011-09-13 Fujikura Ltd. Terminal portion of flexible print circuit board or flexible flat cable

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8017876B2 (en) 2004-07-08 2011-09-13 Fujikura Ltd. Terminal portion of flexible print circuit board or flexible flat cable
JP2007231393A (en) * 2006-03-02 2007-09-13 Fujitsu Ltd Member with plated coating film and plating treatment method
JP2008059814A (en) * 2006-08-29 2008-03-13 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd Manufacturing method of rectangular conductor, and manufacturing method of flat cable
JP2009231065A (en) * 2008-03-24 2009-10-08 Fujikura Ltd Tin-system plated rectangular conductor and flexible flat cable
KR101044324B1 (en) * 2008-03-24 2011-06-29 가부시키가이샤후지쿠라 Plated flat conductor and flexible flat cable therewith
US7999187B2 (en) 2008-03-24 2011-08-16 Fujikura Ltd. Plated flat conductor and flexible flat cable therewith
CN101546619B (en) * 2008-03-24 2012-11-07 株式会社藤仓 Plated flat conductor and flexible flat cable therewith

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