JP2005174801A - Permanent magnet type eddy current heating device - Google Patents

Permanent magnet type eddy current heating device Download PDF

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JP2005174801A
JP2005174801A JP2003414719A JP2003414719A JP2005174801A JP 2005174801 A JP2005174801 A JP 2005174801A JP 2003414719 A JP2003414719 A JP 2003414719A JP 2003414719 A JP2003414719 A JP 2003414719A JP 2005174801 A JP2005174801 A JP 2005174801A
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permanent magnet
eddy current
heating device
current heating
rotor
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JP3955888B2 (en
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Shinichi Kondo
信一 近藤
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TOK ENGINEERING KK
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/10—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications
    • H05B6/105—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications using a susceptor
    • H05B6/108—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications using a susceptor for heating a fluid
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/10—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications
    • H05B6/105—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications using a susceptor
    • H05B6/109—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications using a susceptor using magnets rotating with respect to a susceptor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)
  • General Induction Heating (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a permanent magnet type eddy current heating device capable of heating water and supplying hot water by converting natural kinetic energy of fluid like wind force, water power, or wave power into thermal energy with high efficiency at low cost. <P>SOLUTION: The heating device is composed of a rotor 11 having permanent magnets 13 arranged in free rotation at its outer periphery, a heating part 15 containing a conductive material, arranged in a magnetic field of the permanent magnets, fixed to the outside of the rotor, and a fluid passage 15b thermally connected to the heating part. The heating device can heat water and supply hot water by converting natural kinetic energy into thermal energy with high efficiency. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

この発明は、風力、水力、波力等の自然界の流体運動エネルギーを熱エネルギーに変換して水等の加熱用流体を高効率で加熱する永久磁石式渦電流加熱装置に関するものであり、特に自然界のエネルギーを有効に利用して高効率かつ低コストで水等の加熱・給湯を行うことのできる永久磁石式渦電流加熱装置に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a permanent magnet type eddy current heating apparatus that heats a heating fluid such as water with high efficiency by converting natural fluid kinetic energy such as wind power, hydraulic power, and wave power into thermal energy, and in particular, the natural world. The present invention relates to a permanent magnet eddy current heating device that can efficiently use water energy and perform heating and hot water supply such as water at high efficiency and low cost.

石油等の燃焼による二酸化炭素の発生が問題視されてきて、太陽熱、風力、水力、波力等の自然界のエネルギーを利用することがますます重要となってきている。従来、自然界のエネルギーを利用して給湯を行うのは、太陽熱を利用して水を加熱する方法が主流であった。例えば、下記の特許文献１に記載されたものが公知である。特許文献１には、太陽熱温水装置、太陽電池装置、風力発電装置等を設けた共同住宅の浴場が記載されている。これは、太陽熱温水装置によって加熱した温水を浴槽に供給するものである。
特開平１１−２６２４５８号公報 Generation of carbon dioxide due to combustion of oil or the like has been regarded as a problem, and it has become increasingly important to use natural energy such as solar heat, wind power, hydropower and wave power. Conventionally, hot water supply using natural energy has been mainly performed by heating water using solar heat. For example, what was described in the following patent document 1 is well-known. Patent Document 1 describes a bathhouse in a apartment house provided with a solar water heater, a solar battery device, a wind power generator, and the like. This supplies hot water heated by a solar water heater to the bathtub.
JP-A-11-262458

従来の太陽熱温水装置は、太陽熱を有効に利用して給湯を行うものであるが、天候に左右されやすく晴天でないと十分な太陽熱が得られないという問題点がある。また、夜間も太陽熱を利用できない。したがって、晴天率の小さい期間や地域では太陽熱の利用が困難である。このような場合、太陽光以外の他のエネルギー（例えば、風力、水力、波力等の流体運動エネルギー）の利用が考えられる。一例としては、風力発電装置によって発電した電力により、水を加熱して給湯を行うことが考えられる。   Conventional solar water heaters use hot water to effectively supply hot water. However, there is a problem that sufficient solar heat cannot be obtained unless the weather is easily affected by the weather. Also, solar heat cannot be used at night. Therefore, it is difficult to use solar heat in periods and areas where the clear sky rate is small. In such a case, use of energy other than sunlight (for example, fluid kinetic energy such as wind power, hydraulic power, and wave power) can be considered. As an example, it is conceivable to supply hot water by heating water with electric power generated by a wind power generator.

ただし、このような風力発電システムにおいては、風力エネルギーによって発電を行って、発生した電力によって水を加熱するので、各部でのエネルギー損失が大きくなり、エネルギーの利用効率が低下するという問題点がある。また、発電機の故障や送電各部での絶縁劣化等のトラブルも発生しやすく、発電機や送電各部の保守作業にコストがかかるという問題点もある。   However, in such a wind power generation system, since power is generated by wind energy and water is heated by the generated power, there is a problem that energy loss in each part increases and energy use efficiency decreases. . In addition, troubles such as a failure of the generator and insulation deterioration in each part of the power transmission are likely to occur, and there is a problem that the maintenance work of the generator and each part of the power transmission is expensive.

そこで、本発明は、以上のような問題点を解決し、風力、水力、波力等の自然界の流体運動エネルギーを高効率かつ低コストで熱エネルギーに変換して水等の加熱・給湯を行うことのできる永久磁石式渦電流加熱装置を提供することを目的とする。   Therefore, the present invention solves the above-described problems, and converts natural fluid kinetic energy such as wind power, hydraulic power, and wave power into heat energy with high efficiency and low cost to perform heating and hot water supply of water and the like. It is an object of the present invention to provide a permanent magnet type eddy current heating device capable of performing the above.

上記目的を達成するために、本発明の永久磁石式渦電流加熱装置は、外周に永久磁石が配置され、回転可能に設けられたロータと、前記ロータの外側に固定して設けられ、かつ、前記永久磁石による磁界中に配置され、導電材料を含む加熱部と、前記加熱部に熱的に接続されて設けられた流体通路とを有するものである。   In order to achieve the above object, a permanent magnet type eddy current heating device of the present invention is provided with a permanent magnet disposed on the outer periphery, a rotor provided rotatably, a fixed outer side of the rotor, and It has a heating part which is arranged in the magnetic field by the permanent magnet and contains a conductive material, and a fluid passage provided by being thermally connected to the heating part.

また、上記の永久磁石式渦電流加熱装置において、前記流体通路は、流体を貯留するタンクに接続されたものであることが好ましい。   In the permanent magnet eddy current heating device, the fluid passage is preferably connected to a tank for storing fluid.

また、上記の永久磁石式渦電流加熱装置において、前記ロータは、自然界の流体運動エネルギーによって回転駆動される回転体に接続されたものであることが好ましい。   In the permanent magnet eddy current heating apparatus, the rotor is preferably connected to a rotating body that is rotationally driven by natural fluid kinetic energy.

また、上記の永久磁石式渦電流加熱装置において、前記回転体は、風力によって回転駆動される風車とすることができる。   In the permanent magnet eddy current heating device, the rotating body may be a windmill that is rotationally driven by wind power.

また、上記の永久磁石式渦電流加熱装置において、前記風車は、回転軸が垂直方向に設置された垂直軸風車とすることができる。   Moreover, in the above-described permanent magnet eddy current heating device, the windmill may be a vertical axis windmill having a rotating shaft installed in a vertical direction.

また、上記の永久磁石式渦電流加熱装置において、前記ロータは、発電機に接続されたものであることが好ましい。   In the permanent magnet eddy current heating device, the rotor is preferably connected to a generator.

また、上記の永久磁石式渦電流加熱装置において、前記発電機は、電動モーターと兼用の発電機であることが好ましい。   In the permanent magnet eddy current heating device, the generator is preferably a generator that also serves as an electric motor.

また、上記の永久磁石式渦電流加熱装置において、前記永久磁石は、前記ロータの回転軸方向と直交する平面での断面形状が略長方形である第１の永久磁石と、前記ロータの回転軸方向と直交する平面での断面形状がくさび形状である第２の永久磁石が、前記ロータの円周方向に１つおきに交互に並ぶように配置されたものであることが好ましい。   In the permanent magnet eddy current heating apparatus, the permanent magnet includes a first permanent magnet having a substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape in a plane orthogonal to the rotation axis direction of the rotor, and the rotation axis direction of the rotor. It is preferable that the second permanent magnets having a wedge-shaped cross section on a plane orthogonal to each other are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotor.

また、上記の永久磁石式渦電流加熱装置において、前記第１の永久磁石は、前記ロータの半径方向に磁化されたものであり、前記第２の永久磁石は、前記ロータの円周方向に磁化されたものであることが好ましい。   In the permanent magnet type eddy current heating apparatus, the first permanent magnet is magnetized in a radial direction of the rotor, and the second permanent magnet is magnetized in a circumferential direction of the rotor. It is preferred that

また、上記の永久磁石式渦電流加熱装置において、前記流体通路に水を通過させ、水を加熱して給湯を行うものであることが好ましい。   In the above-described permanent magnet type eddy current heating apparatus, it is preferable that water is passed through the fluid passage and the water is heated to supply hot water.

本発明は、以上のように構成されているので、以下のような効果を奏する。   Since this invention is comprised as mentioned above, there exist the following effects.

外周に永久磁石を配置したロータによる渦電流によって流体を加熱するようにしたので、高効率および低コストで流体の加熱を行うことができる。また、加熱装置自体も簡素な構造となり、各部の故障や絶縁劣化等のトラブルが発生しにくくなり、装置の保守作業やその他のランニングコストを低減させることができる。   Since the fluid is heated by the eddy current generated by the rotor having a permanent magnet disposed on the outer periphery, the fluid can be heated with high efficiency and low cost. Also, the heating device itself has a simple structure, and it is difficult for troubles such as failure of each part and insulation deterioration to occur, and the maintenance work of the device and other running costs can be reduced.

永久磁石式渦電流加熱装置の流体通路を流体を貯留するタンクに接続して、高効率および低ランニングコストの給湯システムを構成することができる。   By connecting the fluid passage of the permanent magnet eddy current heating device to a tank for storing fluid, a hot water supply system with high efficiency and low running cost can be configured.

永久磁石式渦電流加熱装置のロータを自然界の流体運動エネルギーによって回転駆動される回転体に接続したので、自然界のエネルギーを有効に利用して石油等の過大な消費を抑え、二酸化炭素ガスの発生を減少させることにより、環境保全にも貢献するものである。   Because the rotor of the permanent magnet eddy current heating device is connected to a rotating body that is driven to rotate by natural fluid kinetic energy, it effectively uses natural energy to suppress excessive consumption of oil and generate carbon dioxide gas. This contributes to environmental conservation by reducing

ロータを風車に接続したものでは、風の強い地域において風力の有効利用を計ることができる。また、風車として垂直軸風車を使用したものでは、風の方向が変化しやすい地域でも風力の有効利用を計ることができる。   In the case where the rotor is connected to the windmill, the wind power can be effectively used in a windy area. In addition, when a vertical axis wind turbine is used as the wind turbine, the wind power can be effectively used even in an area where the direction of the wind is easily changed.

ロータに発電機を接続するようにしたので、例えば、風力が強い場合には、余剰の風力によって発電を行うようにして、自然界のエネルギーをさらに有効利用することができる。   Since the generator is connected to the rotor, for example, when wind power is strong, it is possible to further effectively use natural energy by generating power with surplus wind power.

ロータに接続する発電機を電動モーターと兼用の発電機としたので、例えば、風力が弱い場合には、補助的に電動モーターによってロータを回転駆動するようにして、常に安定した加熱熱量を得ることができ、安定した給湯温度および給湯量を確保することができる。   Since the generator connected to the rotor is a generator that is also used as an electric motor, for example, when wind power is weak, the rotor is rotationally driven by an electric motor to obtain a stable amount of heat at all times. Therefore, stable hot water supply temperature and hot water supply amount can be secured.

断面形状が略長方形である第１の永久磁石と、断面形状がくさび形状である第２の永久磁石とを交互に並べて配置し、磁化方向も特有の配置としたので、渦電流加熱の効率を向上させることができる。   Since the first permanent magnet having a substantially rectangular cross-section and the second permanent magnet having a wedge-shaped cross-section are alternately arranged and the magnetization direction is also a unique arrangement, the efficiency of eddy current heating is improved. Can be improved.

本発明の実施の形態について図面を参照して説明する。図１は、本発明の渦電流加熱装置１を使用した給湯システムの全体構成を示す図である。渦電流加熱装置１は、回転可能に設けられた回転軸２に固定されたロータ１１（図２参照）と、ロータ１１の外側に配置された加熱部１５（図２参照）を有するものである。渦電流加熱装置１の構成に関しては、後に詳しく説明する。   Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an overall configuration of a hot water supply system using an eddy current heating apparatus 1 of the present invention. The eddy current heating apparatus 1 includes a rotor 11 (see FIG. 2) fixed to a rotating shaft 2 that is rotatably provided, and a heating unit 15 (see FIG. 2) disposed outside the rotor 11. . The configuration of the eddy current heating device 1 will be described in detail later.

ロータ１１は、回転可能に支持された回転軸２に固定されている。回転軸２の先端側には風力によって回転駆動されるプロペラ４が取り付けられている。プロペラ４と渦電流加熱装置１との間にはモータ兼用発電機３が配置されている。モータ兼用発電機３の回転軸２は渦電流加熱装置１の回転軸２と共通である。モータ兼用発電機３は、風力が弱い場合には電力を供給して電動モータとして機能させて風力を補い、風力が強い場合には逆に発電機として機能させて発電した電力をエネルギーとして利用する。   The rotor 11 is fixed to a rotating shaft 2 that is rotatably supported. A propeller 4 that is rotationally driven by wind power is attached to the tip end side of the rotating shaft 2. A motor / generator 3 is arranged between the propeller 4 and the eddy current heating device 1. The rotating shaft 2 of the motor / generator 3 is common to the rotating shaft 2 of the eddy current heating device 1. When the wind power is weak, the motor / generator 3 supplies electric power and functions as an electric motor to supplement the wind power. When the wind power is strong, the motor / generator 3 functions as a generator and uses the generated power as energy. .

温水タンク６には加熱用の水が貯留されており、渦電流加熱装置１によって加熱した温水も温水タンク６に戻されて貯留される。加熱用の水はポンプ５により温水タンク６から吸上パイプ６１を介して吸い上げられて渦電流加熱装置１に供給される。加熱後の温水はポンプ５の加圧力により戻しパイプ６２を介して温水タンク６に戻される。渦電流加熱装置１によって十分に加熱された温水は、温水タンク６から給湯口６６および給湯用配管８，８，…を介して各給湯機器に供給される。   Water for heating is stored in the hot water tank 6, and the hot water heated by the eddy current heating device 1 is also returned to the hot water tank 6 and stored therein. Water for heating is sucked up by the pump 5 from the hot water tank 6 through the suction pipe 61 and supplied to the eddy current heating device 1. The heated hot water is returned to the hot water tank 6 through the return pipe 62 by the pressure applied by the pump 5. The hot water sufficiently heated by the eddy current heating device 1 is supplied from the hot water tank 6 to each hot water supply device through the hot water supply port 66 and the hot water supply pipes 8, 8,.

給湯により温水タンク６内の水量が減少すると、水位調整弁６５により給水用配管を介して温水タンク６内に給水される。水位調整弁６５は、温水タンク６内の水位が所定位置より低下すると開状態となり温水タンク６内への給水を行い、温水タンク６内の水位が所定位置まで上昇すると閉状態となって給水を停止する。このため、温水タンク６内の水位はほぼ一定に保たれる。   When the amount of water in the hot water tank 6 decreases due to hot water supply, the water level adjusting valve 65 supplies water into the hot water tank 6 through the water supply pipe. The water level adjustment valve 65 is opened when the water level in the hot water tank 6 falls below a predetermined position, and supplies water to the hot water tank 6, and is closed when the water level in the hot water tank 6 rises to a predetermined position. Stop. For this reason, the water level in the hot water tank 6 is kept substantially constant.

温水タンク６には、温水の温度を検出するための温度センサ６３が設置されている。温度センサ６３による温度検出信号は電源部７に送出され、モータ兼用発電機３の制御に利用される。風力が弱い等の理由で温水の温度が設定下限値よりも低い場合に、補助的にモータ兼用発電機３を回転駆動して渦電流加熱装置１の加熱能力を増強する。逆に、風力が強くて温水の温度が設定上限値よりも高くなると、モータ兼用発電機３を発電機として機能させ、余剰の風力で発電した電力を二次電池に蓄えたり送電線側に戻すようにする。例えば、発電電力を電力会社に販売することができる。   The hot water tank 6 is provided with a temperature sensor 63 for detecting the temperature of the hot water. A temperature detection signal from the temperature sensor 63 is sent to the power supply unit 7 and used to control the motor / generator 3. When the temperature of the hot water is lower than the set lower limit because the wind power is weak, the motor / generator 3 is rotationally driven to supplement the heating capacity of the eddy current heating device 1. Conversely, if the wind power is strong and the temperature of the hot water is higher than the set upper limit value, the motor / generator 3 is caused to function as a power generator, and the power generated by surplus wind power is stored in the secondary battery or returned to the transmission line side. Like that. For example, the generated power can be sold to an electric power company.

図２は、渦電流加熱装置１の構成を示す断面図である。また、図３は、渦電流加熱装置１を後方（図２における右側）から見た図である。ただし、図３は渦電流加熱装置１のケース後方部分を取り外し、ロータ１１を見える状態としたものである。ロータ１１はほぼ円筒状に形成されており、その外周には多数の永久磁石１３，１４が配置されている。ロータ１１の内周部１２は継鉄からなるものであり、永久磁石１３，１４の内周側の磁路を形成している。内周部１２は中央部が空洞状に形成され、回転軸２に固定されている。回転軸２は、軸受２１，２２により渦電流加熱装置１に対して回転可能に支持されている。   FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the eddy current heating apparatus 1. Moreover, FIG. 3 is the figure which looked at the eddy current heating apparatus 1 from back (right side in FIG. 2). However, FIG. 3 shows a state in which the rear portion of the case of the eddy current heating device 1 is removed and the rotor 11 can be seen. The rotor 11 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and a large number of permanent magnets 13 and 14 are arranged on the outer periphery thereof. The inner peripheral portion 12 of the rotor 11 is made of a yoke and forms a magnetic path on the inner peripheral side of the permanent magnets 13 and 14. The inner peripheral portion 12 has a central portion formed in a hollow shape and is fixed to the rotary shaft 2. The rotating shaft 2 is supported by bearings 21 and 22 so as to be rotatable with respect to the eddy current heating device 1.

また、ロータ１１の外側には、ロータ１１外周と微少な間隙を持って固定された加熱部１５が設けられている。加熱部１５はロータ１１の外周全周を取り巻くドーナツ状に形成されている。加熱部１５の内部は中空状に形成されており、その空間が加熱用の水を流通させるための流通路１５ｂとして機能する。加熱部１５の内部には、内周壁１５ａにつるまき線状（らせん状）の仕切壁１６が固定されている。この仕切壁１６により、流通路１５ｂは加熱部１５の内部につるまき線状に形成される。   A heating unit 15 is provided outside the rotor 11 and is fixed to the outer periphery of the rotor 11 with a small gap. The heating unit 15 is formed in a donut shape surrounding the entire outer periphery of the rotor 11. The inside of the heating unit 15 is formed in a hollow shape, and the space functions as a flow passage 15b for circulating water for heating. Inside the heating unit 15, a spiral-line (spiral) partition wall 16 is fixed to the inner peripheral wall 15 a. By this partition wall 16, the flow passage 15 b is formed inside the heating unit 15 in a spiral line shape.

加熱用の水は、加熱部１５後方に形成された流入口１７から加熱部１５内に流入し、つるまき線状の流通路１５ｂを通って加熱部１５の前方に移動しながら加熱され、加熱部１５前方側から流出する。加熱された温水は、さらに後方側の流出口１８に導かれてこの流出口１８から機外に流出する。このように、加熱用の水はつるまき線状の流通路１５ｂを通って、十分な距離を流通する間に加熱されるため、効率よく加熱することができる。なお、仕切壁１６は熱伝導率の大きな金属材料で形成することが好ましい。   Water for heating flows into the heating unit 15 from the inlet 17 formed at the rear of the heating unit 15 and is heated while moving to the front of the heating unit 15 through the spiral flow passage 15b. It flows out from the front side of the part 15. The heated hot water is further guided to the rear outlet 18 and flows out from the outlet 18. As described above, since the water for heating passes through the spiral line-like flow passage 15b and is heated while flowing through a sufficient distance, it can be heated efficiently. The partition wall 16 is preferably formed of a metal material having a high thermal conductivity.

加熱部１５の内周側の壁面である内周壁１５ａは、ステンレス綱、アルミニウム合金等の導電材料で形成されている。ロータ１１の回転により外周の永久磁石１３，１４による磁力線が内周壁１５ａを貫通して移動するため、内周壁１５ａには渦電流が発生して、この渦電流による抵抗損失等により内周壁１５ａ自体が発熱する。もちろん、加熱部１５全体が導電材料で形成されていてもよいが、少なくとも内周壁１５ａは導電材料であることが必要とされる。内周壁１５ａで発生した熱は、流通路１５ｂを通過する水に直接伝達され、または仕切壁１６を介して水に伝達され、効率的に流通路１５ｂ内の水を加熱する。   An inner peripheral wall 15a that is a wall surface on the inner peripheral side of the heating unit 15 is formed of a conductive material such as a stainless steel or an aluminum alloy. Since the magnetic lines of force of the outer peripheral permanent magnets 13 and 14 move through the inner peripheral wall 15a by the rotation of the rotor 11, an eddy current is generated in the inner peripheral wall 15a. Generates heat. Of course, the entire heating unit 15 may be made of a conductive material, but at least the inner peripheral wall 15a is required to be made of a conductive material. The heat generated in the inner peripheral wall 15a is directly transmitted to the water passing through the flow passage 15b or is transmitted to the water through the partition wall 16 to efficiently heat the water in the flow passage 15b.

なお、加熱部１５の外周側を断熱材等によって覆うようにしてもよく、または、加熱部１５の外周側の壁面を断熱性の材料で形成するようにしてもよい。このようにすれば、渦電流加熱装置１からの無駄な熱の発散を防止することができ、加熱効率がさらに向上する。   In addition, you may make it cover the outer peripheral side of the heating part 15 with a heat insulating material etc., or you may make it form the wall surface of the outer peripheral side of the heating part 15 with a heat insulating material. If it does in this way, useless heat dissipation from eddy current heating device 1 can be prevented, and heating efficiency further improves.

図４は、ロータ１１外周の永久磁石１３，１４の配置を示す図である。図４はロータ１１を回転軸方向から見た部分拡大図である。ロータ１１の内周部１２はほぼ円筒形状に形成されているが、外周面には直方体形状の永久磁石１３を配置するための平面部が形成されている。永久磁石１３の回転軸２と直交する面での断面形状は図示のように略長方形となる。永久磁石１３は円周方向の角度２０度ごとに配置されており、図３に示すように全円周では１８個の永久磁石１３が配置されている。永久磁石１３は、磁化方向が図４に示すようにロータ１１の半径方向に向くように配置され、Ｎ極Ｓ極が交互に逆向きになるように配置されている。   FIG. 4 is a view showing the arrangement of the permanent magnets 13 and 14 on the outer periphery of the rotor 11. FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged view of the rotor 11 as seen from the rotation axis direction. The inner peripheral portion 12 of the rotor 11 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, but a flat portion for arranging a rectangular parallelepiped permanent magnet 13 is formed on the outer peripheral surface. The cross-sectional shape of the permanent magnet 13 on the plane orthogonal to the rotation axis 2 is substantially rectangular as shown in the figure. The permanent magnets 13 are arranged at every angle of 20 degrees in the circumferential direction, and as shown in FIG. 3, 18 permanent magnets 13 are arranged along the entire circumference. The permanent magnets 13 are arranged so that the magnetization direction is directed in the radial direction of the rotor 11 as shown in FIG. 4, and the north and south poles are alternately reversed.

永久磁石１３，１３の間には、それぞれ永久磁石１４が配置されている。永久磁石１４の回転軸２と直交する面での断面形状は図示のようにくさび形状となっている。永久磁石１４の磁化方向は図示のように円周方向であり、永久磁石１３の磁化方向とはほぼ直交するように配置されている。また、永久磁石１４は、図示のようにロータ１１の外周側において永久磁石１３と磁極が反発するように配置されている。したがって、ロータ１１の内周側においては、永久磁石１３と永久磁石１４の磁極が吸引する配置となっている。   A permanent magnet 14 is disposed between the permanent magnets 13 and 13. The sectional shape of the permanent magnet 14 on the surface orthogonal to the rotation axis 2 is a wedge shape as shown in the figure. The magnetization direction of the permanent magnet 14 is a circumferential direction as shown in the figure, and is arranged so as to be substantially orthogonal to the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet 13. Moreover, the permanent magnet 14 is arrange | positioned so that the permanent magnet 13 and a magnetic pole may repel in the outer peripheral side of the rotor 11 like illustration. Therefore, on the inner peripheral side of the rotor 11, the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet 13 and the permanent magnet 14 are arranged to be attracted.

このような永久磁石１３，１４の配置により、永久磁石１３，１４からの磁力線がロータ１１外周面から大きく立ち上がる分布を呈するようになり、比較的遠距離まで磁束密度が大きくなる。このため、ロータ１１の回転に伴う磁力線の移動による渦電流の大きさも増大して、渦電流加熱の効率も向上する。なお、ここでは永久磁石１３，１４は、ロータ１１の円周方向に１８個ずつ配置されているが、１８個に限らず他の個数（ただし偶数個）でもよい。   Due to the arrangement of the permanent magnets 13 and 14, the magnetic lines of force from the permanent magnets 13 and 14 exhibit a distribution that rises greatly from the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 11, and the magnetic flux density increases relatively far. For this reason, the magnitude of the eddy current due to the movement of the lines of magnetic force accompanying the rotation of the rotor 11 is increased, and the efficiency of eddy current heating is improved. Here, 18 permanent magnets 13 and 14 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotor 11, but the number of permanent magnets 13 and 14 is not limited to 18 but may be another number (however, even number).

また、図２に示すように、永久磁石１３，１４は、ロータ１１の回転軸方向に関して適宜の個数に分割されている。ロータ１１の回転軸方向に並んだ永久磁石１３と永久磁石１４は、すべて同じ極性に配置されている。このような永久磁石１３，１４としては、例えば、ネオジウム磁石が使用できる。なお、図４では図示省略しているが、永久磁石１３，１４の間には継鉄薄板からなる磁性体スペーサを配置することが好ましい。   Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the permanent magnets 13 and 14 are divided into an appropriate number with respect to the rotation axis direction of the rotor 11. The permanent magnets 13 and the permanent magnets 14 arranged in the direction of the rotation axis of the rotor 11 are all arranged with the same polarity. As such permanent magnets 13, 14, for example, neodymium magnets can be used. Although not shown in FIG. 4, it is preferable to arrange a magnetic spacer made of a yoke thin plate between the permanent magnets 13 and 14.

なお、図１においては、渦電流加熱装置１を駆動する風車として水平回転軸を有するプロペラ形風車を示しているが、実際に設置する際には、垂直方向の回転軸を有する垂直軸風車の方が好ましい場合がある。垂直軸風車としては、例えば、図５に示すような各種の風車がある。図５（ａ）はサボニウス形風車、図５（ｂ）はダリウス形風車、図５（ｃ）は垂直翼垂直軸風車の外観を示している。このような垂直軸風車では、風の方向が変化しても風車の向きを変えることなく効率的に風力エネルギーを回転エネルギーに変換することができる。   In FIG. 1, a propeller type windmill having a horizontal rotation axis is shown as a windmill for driving the eddy current heating device 1, but when actually installed, a vertical axis windmill having a vertical rotation axis is shown. May be preferred. Examples of the vertical axis windmill include various windmills as shown in FIG. 5A shows the appearance of a Savonius-type windmill, FIG. 5B shows the Darrieus-type windmill, and FIG. 5C shows the external appearance of the vertical blade vertical axis windmill. In such a vertical axis windmill, wind energy can be efficiently converted into rotational energy without changing the direction of the windmill even if the wind direction changes.

したがって、風の方向が頻繁に変化しやすい都市圏などでは垂直軸風車を利用することが好ましい。また、都市圏では風車および渦電流加熱装置１を高層ビルやマンションの屋上等に設置することができる。そして、給湯用の温水タンク６を屋上等に設置すれば、各戸、各部への給湯を重力によって容易に行うことができる。さらに、本発明の渦電流加熱装置１と、一般の太陽熱給湯システムや廃熱利用システムを組み合わせて使用することもできる。   Therefore, it is preferable to use a vertical axis windmill in an urban area where the direction of the wind is likely to change frequently. Moreover, in an urban area, the windmill and the eddy current heating device 1 can be installed on a high-rise building or the rooftop of an apartment. And if the hot water tank 6 for hot water supply is installed on a rooftop etc., hot water supply to each door and each part can be easily performed by gravity. Furthermore, the eddy current heating device 1 of the present invention can be used in combination with a general solar hot water supply system or a waste heat utilization system.

図５に示すような各種垂直軸風車やプロペラ形風車では、それぞれ風速−発生トルク特性が異なり、効率的に変換可能な風速等が異なるので、設置地点の風の特性と風車の特性とを勘案して最適な風車を選択する必要がある。なお、風力発電における各種損失は、一般的に、風車における損失が６０％、増速機等の機械的損失が４％、発電機における損失が６％であり、最終的に電気エネルギーとして風力エネルギーの３０％が利用可能であるとされている。本発明の渦電流加熱装置１では、発電機の損失は発生しないので最終的に熱エネルギーとして風力エネルギーの３６％が利用可能ということになる。   Various vertical axis wind turbines and propeller type wind turbines as shown in FIG. 5 have different wind speed-generated torque characteristics and different wind speeds that can be efficiently converted. Therefore, consider the wind characteristics at the installation point and the wind turbine characteristics. It is necessary to select the most suitable windmill. In addition, various losses in wind power generation are generally 60% in wind turbines, 4% in mechanical losses such as gearboxes, and 6% in generators. 30% of the total is available. In the eddy current heating device 1 of the present invention, no loss of the generator occurs, so that 36% of the wind energy can be finally used as thermal energy.

以上のように、本発明の渦電流加熱装置１を使用することにより、風力、水力、波力等の自然界の流体運動エネルギーを高効率かつ低コストで熱エネルギーに変換して水等の加熱・給湯を行うことができる。各部でのエネルギー損失も少なくエネルギーの利用効率が向上する。また、渦電流加熱装置１は、渦電流により直接流体を加熱するものであり、装置自体も簡素な構造であるから、各部の故障や絶縁劣化等のトラブルが発生しにくく、給湯システム等の保守作業が著しく軽減され、保守作業やその他のランニングコストも低減させることができる。さらに、石油等の過大な消費を抑え、二酸化炭素ガスの発生を減少させることにより、環境保全にも貢献するものである。   As described above, by using the eddy current heating device 1 of the present invention, the fluid kinetic energy in the natural world such as wind power, hydraulic power, wave power and the like is converted into heat energy with high efficiency and low cost to heat and Hot water can be supplied. There is little energy loss in each part, and energy use efficiency improves. Further, the eddy current heating device 1 directly heats fluid by eddy current, and the device itself has a simple structure. Therefore, troubles such as failure of each part and deterioration of insulation hardly occur, and maintenance of a hot water supply system or the like is difficult. Work is significantly reduced and maintenance and other running costs can be reduced. Furthermore, it contributes to environmental conservation by suppressing excessive consumption of petroleum and reducing the generation of carbon dioxide gas.

なお、以上の実施の形態では、渦電流加熱装置１のロータ１１を風力によって回転駆動して加熱を行っているが、河川等における水流を水車等によって伝達して回転駆動してもよく、海洋、湖沼等における波力を利用するようにしてもよい。自然界の流体運動エネルギーを利用して、効率よく水等の流体の加熱を行うことができる。また、加熱部１５の内部に流通路１５ｂを形成しているが、流通路１５ｂは必ずしも加熱部１５の内部に設ける必要はなく、加熱部１５と熱的に接続されていればよい。   In the embodiment described above, the rotor 11 of the eddy current heating device 1 is heated by being rotated by wind power. However, the water flow in a river or the like may be rotated by a water wheel or the like, and may be rotated. The wave power in lakes and the like may be used. Using fluid kinetic energy in nature, it is possible to efficiently heat a fluid such as water. Moreover, although the flow path 15b is formed in the inside of the heating part 15, the flow path 15b does not necessarily need to be provided in the inside of the heating part 15, and should just be thermally connected with the heating part 15.

本発明の渦電流加熱装置は、自然界の流体運動エネルギーを利用して効率よく水等の流体の加熱を行うことができ、高効率および低コストの給湯システム等を実現することができる。そして、エネルギーの有効利用を計るとともに環境保全にも貢献するものである。   The eddy current heating apparatus of the present invention can efficiently heat a fluid such as water by utilizing fluid kinetic energy in the natural world, and can realize a high efficiency and low cost hot water supply system. It also contributes to environmental conservation as well as effective use of energy.

本発明の渦電流加熱装置を使用した給湯システムの全体構成を示す図である。It is a figure showing the whole hot-water supply system composition using the eddy current heating device of the present invention. 渦電流加熱装置の構成を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of an eddy current heating apparatus. 渦電流加熱装置を後方（図２における右側）から見た図である。It is the figure which looked at the eddy current heating apparatus from back (right side in FIG. 2). ロータ外周の永久磁石の配置を示す図である。It is a figure which shows arrangement | positioning of the permanent magnet of a rotor outer periphery. 各種の垂直軸風車の外観を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the external appearance of various vertical axis windmills.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 渦電流加熱装置
２ 回転軸
３ モータ兼用発電機
４ プロペラ
５ ポンプ
６ 温水タンク
７ 電源部
８ 給湯用配管
１１ ロータ
１２ 内周部
１３，１４ 永久磁石
１５ 加熱部
１５ａ 内周壁
１５ｂ 流通路
１６ 仕切壁
１７ 流入口
１８ 流出口
２１ 軸受
６１ 吸上パイプ
６２ 戻しパイプ
６３ 温度センサ
６５ 水位調整弁
６６ 給湯口 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Eddy current heating apparatus 2 Rotating shaft 3 Motor combined generator 4 Propeller 5 Pump 6 Hot water tank 7 Power supply part 8 Hot water supply piping 11 Rotor 12 Inner peripheral part 13, 14 Permanent magnet 15 Heating part 15a Inner peripheral wall 15b Flow path 16 Partition wall 17 Inlet 18 Outlet 21 Bearing 61 Suction pipe 62 Return pipe 63 Temperature sensor 65 Water level adjustment valve 66 Hot water inlet

Claims (10)

外周に永久磁石（１３，１４）が配置され、回転可能に設けられたロータ（１１）と、
前記ロータ（１１）の外側に固定して設けられ、かつ、前記永久磁石（１３，１４）による磁界中に配置され、導電材料を含む加熱部（１５）と、
前記加熱部（１５）に熱的に接続されて設けられた流体通路（１５ｂ）とを有する永久磁石式渦電流加熱装置。 A permanent magnet (13, 14) arranged on the outer periphery, and a rotor (11) provided rotatably;
A heating unit (15) which is fixedly provided outside the rotor (11) and is disposed in a magnetic field by the permanent magnets (13, 14) and includes a conductive material;
A permanent magnet type eddy current heating device having a fluid passage (15b) provided thermally connected to the heating section (15). 請求項１に記載した永久磁石式渦電流加熱装置であって、
前記流体通路（１５ｂ）は、流体を貯留するタンク（６）に接続されたものである永久磁石式渦電流加熱装置。 The permanent magnet eddy current heating device according to claim 1,
The said fluid channel | path (15b) is a permanent magnet type eddy current heating apparatus connected to the tank (6) which stores a fluid. 請求項１，２のいずれか１項に記載した永久磁石式渦電流加熱装置であって、
前記ロータ（１１）は、自然界の流体運動エネルギーによって回転駆動される回転体（４）に接続されたものである永久磁石式渦電流加熱装置。 The permanent magnet eddy current heating device according to any one of claims 1 and 2,
The rotor (11) is a permanent magnet type eddy current heating device connected to a rotating body (4) that is rotationally driven by natural fluid kinetic energy. 請求項３に記載した永久磁石式渦電流加熱装置であって、
前記回転体（４）は、風力によって回転駆動される風車（４）である永久磁石式渦電流加熱装置。 The permanent magnet type eddy current heating device according to claim 3,
The rotating body (4) is a permanent magnet eddy current heating device which is a windmill (4) driven to rotate by wind power. 請求項４に記載した永久磁石式渦電流加熱装置であって、
前記風車は、回転軸が垂直方向に設置された垂直軸風車である永久磁石式渦電流加熱装置。 The permanent magnet eddy current heating device according to claim 4,
The said windmill is a permanent magnet type eddy current heating apparatus which is a vertical axis windmill in which a rotating shaft is installed in the vertical direction. 請求項１〜５のいずれか１項に記載した永久磁石式渦電流加熱装置であって、
前記ロータ（１１）は、発電機（３）に接続されたものである永久磁石式渦電流加熱装置。 It is a permanent magnet type eddy current heating device given in any 1 paragraph of Claims 1-5,
The rotor (11) is a permanent magnet eddy current heating device connected to a generator (3). 請求項６に記載した永久磁石式渦電流加熱装置であって、
前記発電機（３）は、電動モーターと兼用の発電機である永久磁石式渦電流加熱装置。 The permanent magnet type eddy current heating device according to claim 6,
The generator (3) is a permanent magnet eddy current heating device which is a generator also used as an electric motor. 請求項１〜７のいずれか１項に記載した永久磁石式渦電流加熱装置であって、
前記永久磁石（１３，１４）は、前記ロータ（１１）の回転軸方向と直交する平面での断面形状が略長方形である第１の永久磁石（１３）と、前記ロータ（１１）の回転軸方向と直交する平面での断面形状がくさび形状である第２の永久磁石（１４）が、前記ロータ（１１）の円周方向に１つおきに交互に並ぶように配置されたものである永久磁石式渦電流加熱装置。 It is a permanent magnet type eddy current heating device given in any 1 paragraph of Claims 1-7,
The permanent magnets (13, 14) include a first permanent magnet (13) having a substantially rectangular cross section in a plane orthogonal to the rotation axis direction of the rotor (11), and a rotation axis of the rotor (11). Permanently arranged such that second permanent magnets (14) whose cross-sectional shape in a plane perpendicular to the direction is a wedge shape are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotor (11). Magnet eddy current heating device. 請求項８に記載した永久磁石式渦電流加熱装置であって、
前記第１の永久磁石（１３）は、前記ロータ（１１）の半径方向に磁化されたものであり、
前記第２の永久磁石（１４）は、前記ロータ（１１）の円周方向に磁化されたものである永久磁石式渦電流加熱装置。 A permanent magnet eddy current heating device according to claim 8,
The first permanent magnet (13) is magnetized in the radial direction of the rotor (11),
The permanent magnet eddy current heating device, wherein the second permanent magnet (14) is magnetized in the circumferential direction of the rotor (11). 請求項１〜９のいずれか１項に記載した永久磁石式渦電流加熱装置であって、
前記流体通路（１５ｂ）に水を通過させ、水を加熱して給湯を行うものである永久磁石式渦電流加熱装置。 The permanent magnet eddy current heating device according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
A permanent magnet type eddy current heating device for supplying hot water by passing water through the fluid passage (15b) and heating the water.
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