JP2005041311A - Bearing device for driving wheel and method of manufacturing bearing device - Google Patents

Bearing device for driving wheel and method of manufacturing bearing device Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2005041311A
JP2005041311A JP2003202339A JP2003202339A JP2005041311A JP 2005041311 A JP2005041311 A JP 2005041311A JP 2003202339 A JP2003202339 A JP 2003202339A JP 2003202339 A JP2003202339 A JP 2003202339A JP 2005041311 A JP2005041311 A JP 2005041311A
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Prior art keywords
wheel
bearing device
rolling
bearing
hub
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JP2003202339A
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JP4115352B2 (en
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Katsuhiko Nishio
克彦 西尾
Akira Sera
昌 世良
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NTN Corp
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NTN Corp
NTN Toyo Bearing Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C43/00—Assembling bearings
    • F16C43/04—Assembling rolling-contact bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/14—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/18—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls
    • F16C19/181—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact
    • F16C19/183—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles
    • F16C19/184—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles in O-arrangement
    • F16C19/186—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles in O-arrangement with three raceways provided integrally on parts other than race rings, e.g. third generation hubs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C35/00—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers
    • F16C35/04—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers in the case of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C35/06—Mounting or dismounting of ball or roller bearings; Fixing them onto shaft or in housing
    • F16C35/063—Fixing them on the shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2326/00—Articles relating to transporting
    • F16C2326/01—Parts of vehicles in general
    • F16C2326/02—Wheel hubs or castors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mounting Of Bearings Or Others (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a bearing device for a driving wheel embodied at low cost, light, compactly, and in the third generation self-retaining structure and provide a manufacturing method for the bearing device. <P>SOLUTION: The bearing device for the driving wheel is composed of an inner member 6 consisting of a hub ring 1 having at one end a flange 4 for mounting each wheel and furnished at the periphery with an inner raceway 1a and a minor diametric stepping part 1b and an inner ring 5 fitted on the minor diametric stepping part 1b and furnished with an inner runway 5a, an outer member 7 having at the periphery a flange 7a for mounting the wheel and furnished at the inside surface with outer raceways 7b arranged in rows, a double-row rolling bearing 2 furnished with rolling elements 8 arranged in rows accommodated between the raceway surfaces, and an equal speed universal joint 3 equipped with an outside joint member 12 having a cup part 13 and a shoulder part 14, wherein the end of the stepping part 1b of the hub ring 1 is deformed plastically in the diametric direction so as to form a fastening part 16, and the inner ring 5 is fixed in the axial direction by the fastening part 16, and the shoulder part 14 of the outer joint member 12 and the fastening part 16 are joined together by welding. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、自動車等の車両の駆動車輪（前輪駆動車の前輪、後輪駆動車の後輪、４ＷＤ車の全輪）を車体に対して支持し、エンジンからの回転トルクを駆動車輪に伝達する駆動車輪用軸受装置およびその製造方法に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
自動車等の車両の駆動車輪用軸受装置には、そのサイズや用途に応じて種々の形式のものが提案されている。例えば図５に示す駆動車輪用軸受装置は、ハブ輪５１と複列の転がり軸受５２とをユニット化し、そのハブ輪５１の内周に等速自在継手５３の外側継手部材５４を、セレーション６６を介してトルク伝達可能に嵌合した構成を備えている。
【０００３】
複列の転がり軸受５２は、内周に複列の外側転走面５５ａ、５５ａが形成され、外周には車体（図示せず）に固定される車体取付フランジ５５ｂを一体に有する外方部材５５と、この外側転走面５５ａ、５５ａに対向する複列の内側転走面のうち、一方の内側転走面５１ａが外周に直接形成されたハブ輪５１と、ハブ輪５１の小径段部５１ｂに圧入され、他方の内側転走面５６ａが外周に形成された別体の内輪５６と、前記外側転走面５５ａ、５５ａと内側転走面５１ａ、５６ａ間に収容された複列の転動体５７、５７とで主要部が構成されている。複列の転動体５７、５７は、図示しない保持器によって転動自在に保持されている。また、複列の転がり軸受５２の端部にはシール５８、５８が装着され、軸受内部に封入された潤滑グリースの漏洩と、外部からの雨水やダスト等の侵入を防止している。
【０００４】
ハブ輪５１は、内周にトルク伝達用のセレーション（またはスプライン）６０が形成されると共に、端部外周には車輪（図示せず）を取付けるための車輪取付フランジ５９を一体に有している。この車輪取付フランジ５９の円周方向等配に、車輪を締結するためのハブボルト６１が植設されている。
【０００５】
等速自在継手５３は、外側継手部材５４と、図示しない内側継手部材と、この内側継手部材と外側継手部材５４間に収容されたトルク伝達ボールと、このトルク伝達ボールを円周方向等配に保持するケージとを備えている。外側継手部材５４は、カップ部６３と、このカップ部６３の底部をなす肩部６４と、この肩部６４から軸方向に延びるステム部６５を有している。このステム部６５の外周面には、ハブ輪５１のセレーション６０に噛合するセレーション（またはスプライン）６６が形成され、そして端部には雄ねじ６７が形成されている。
【０００６】
外側継手部材５４のステム部６５をハブ輪５１に内嵌し、ハブ輪５１に形成されたセレーション６０とステム部６５のセレーション６６を係合させることによりトルク伝達可能とし、その端部を固定ナット６８により締結することにより、等速自在継手５３が複列の転がり軸受５２に分離可能に固定されている。
【０００７】
この駆動車輪用軸受装置では、内輪５６をハブ輪５１の小径段部５１ｂに圧入した後、その小径段部５１ｂの端部を径方向外方に塑性変形させることにより加締部６２が形成され、この加締部６２でハブ輪５１に対して内輪５６を軸方向に固定して複列の転がり軸受５２がユニット化されている。このようなユニット化により、固定ナットで締付トルクを調整して予圧管理をせずとも複列の転がり軸受５２の予圧管理を行なうことができる、所謂セルフリテイン構造の第３世代型駆動車輪用軸受装置を提供することができる（例えば、特許文献１参照。）
【０００８】
また、図６に示すような部品点数を減少させた構造も既に知られている。この駆動車輪用軸受装置は、外側継手部材７１と、車輪（図示せず）に取付けられ、外周に複列の転がり軸受７０の一方の内側転走面７２ａを形成したハブ輪７２と、車体（図示せず）に固定され、内周に複列の外側転走面７３ａが形成された外方部材７３と、前記ハブ輪７２に外嵌固定され、外周に複列の転がり軸受７０の他方の内側転走面７４ａが形成された別体の内輪７４と、これら外側転走面７３ａ、７３ａと内側転走面７２ａ、７４ａ間に転動自在に収容される複列の転動体７５、７５とで構成されている。
【０００９】
外側継手部材７１の端部には外周に雄ねじ７１ｂが形成された円筒部７１ａを一体に有している。また、前記ハブ輪７２の円筒部７２ｂの内周には雌ねじ７２ｃが形成され、これらの雄ねじ７１ｂと雌ねじ７２ｃを所定の締付トルクで締結することにより、複列の転がり軸受７０に所望の予圧を付与することができる。
【００１０】
さらに、外側継手部材７１とハブ輪７２を結合した後、これらの結合を確固なものとするため、円筒部７１ａの雄ねじ７１ｂの外周端と、円筒部７２ｂの雌ねじ７２ｃをスミ肉溶接することによって外側継手部材７１とハブ輪７２とが一体固着されている。これにより、従来のセレーションおよび固定ナット等が不要となり、部品点数および加工工数を減らして製造コストを低減することができる（例えば、特許文献２参照。）。
【００１１】
【特許文献１】
特開平１１−５４０４号公報（第３、４頁、第１図）
【特許文献２】
特開２０００−１６００７号公報（第２頁、第１図）
【００１２】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、こうした先行特許のうち前者の駆動車輪用軸受装置では、別体の内輪５６をハブ輪５１の小径段部５１ｂに圧入させた後、その小径段部５１ｂの端部を径方向外方に塑性変形させることにより加締部６２が形成され、この加締部６２でハブ輪５１に対して内輪５６を軸方向に固定して複列の転がり軸受５２をユニット化しているが、等速自在継手５３の外側継手部材５４にステム部６５を突設し、トルク伝達用のセレーション６６およびハブ輪５１に固定するための雄ねじ６７を形成しなければならない。この構成では装置の軽量化が阻害されるだけでなく、それらの加工に手間がかかっていた。
【００１３】
また、塑性変形により加締部６２を形成する際にハブ輪５１の内径部およびセレーション６０が変形し、内径部の仕上げ切削やブローチ加工によるセレーション６０の修正のためにどうしても後加工が必要であった。この後加工では、切粉や工具潤滑剤が軸受のシール５８、５８に直接吹きかからないように保護する必要があり、後加工とシール保護のため加工工数がさらに増大して製造コストの高騰から免れない。
【００１４】
一方、後者の駆動車輪用軸受装置では、こういった問題はないものの、雄ねじ７１ｂと雌ねじ７２ｃとを所定の締付トルクに調整して複列の転がり軸受７０に所望の予圧を付与しなければならず、その締結作業とトルク管理に多大な工数を要する。この種のセルフリテイン構造の駆動車輪用軸受装置において、部品点数と作業工数を削減して低コスト化を図り、かつ軽量コンパクト化を達成することができる駆動車輪用軸受装置が望まれていた。
【００１５】
本発明は、このような事情に鑑みてなされたもので、低コストで軽量コンパクトな第３世代セルフリテイン構造の駆動車輪用軸受装置およびその製造方法を提供することを目的としている。
【００１６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
係る目的を達成すべく、本発明のうち請求項１に記載の発明は、ハブ輪と複列の転がり軸受と等速自在継手とをユニット化した駆動車輪用軸受装置であって、一端に車輪取付フランジを一体に有し、外周に前記複列の転がり軸受の一方の内側転走面と、この内側転走面から軸方向に延びる円筒状の小径段部が形成されたハブ輪と、前記小径段部に外嵌され、前記複列の転がり軸受の他方の内側転走面が形成された内輪とからなる内方部材と、外周に車輪取付フランジを一体に有し、内周に前記内側転走面に対向する複列の外側転走面が形成された外方部材と、これら転走面間に収容された複列の転動体とを備えた複列の転がり軸受と、カップ部と、このカップ部の底部をなす肩部を有する外側継手部材とを備えた等速自在継手とからなる駆動車輪用軸受装置において、前記ハブ輪の小径段部の端部を径方向に塑性変形させて加締部を形成し、この加締部で前記ハブ輪に対して前記内輪を軸方向に固定すると共に、前記外側継手部材の肩部と前記ハブ輪の加締部を溶接により接合した構成を採用した。
【００１７】
このように、ハブ輪の小径段部の端部を径方向に塑性変形させて加締部を形成し、この加締部で内輪を軸方向に固定すると共に、外側継手部材の肩部とハブ輪の加締部を溶接により接合したので、第３世代のセルフリテイン構造からなる駆動車輪用軸受装置を提供することができ、予め設定した軸受部の負すきまを維持することができると共に、従来のような外側継手部材のステム部を省略することができ、軽量化を達成することができる。また、セレーションやねじ等の加工工程も不要となって低コスト化を実現することができる。
【００１８】
また、請求項２に記載の発明は、前記肩部の端面と前記加締部の端面のうち、少なくとも前記肩部の端面をフラットに形成したので、正確な位置決め固定ができ、かつ溶接部位の接合強度を高めることができる。
【００１９】
また、請求項３に記載の発明は、前記外側継手部材の肩部を中空に形成したので、溶接過程において放熱効果を促進し、溶接部近傍の部位の熱影響を最小限に止めることができる。
【００２０】
また、請求項４に記載の発明は、前記小径段部の内径に、塑性変形による縮径分を許容するための大径部を形成すると共に、前記肩部から軸方向に延びるガイド部を突設し、このガイド部を前記小径段部の大径部を越えて内嵌したので、ハブ輪と外側継手部材との芯合わせを容易に、かつ正確に行なうことができる。
【００２１】
また、請求項５に記載の発明は、前記ハブ輪の外周面に、シールランド部、内側転走面および小径段部に亙って高周波誘導加熱による焼入れにより、表面硬さを５４〜６４ＨＲＣの範囲に硬化層を形成すると共に、前記小径段部の端部を未焼入れ部としたので、ハブ輪の摩耗および耐久性が向上すると共に、端部の加工性を向上させ、塑性変形時のクラック等を抑制することができ、所望の塑性結合部の強度を得ることができる。さらに、表面に硬化層が形成されていない未焼入れ部であるから、溶接強度に影響を及ぼす有害な炭素が析出しておらず、溶接強度を一層高めることができる。
【００２２】
また、本発明のうち請求項６に記載の方法発明は、ハブ輪と複列の転がり軸受と等速自在継手とをユニット化する駆動車輪用軸受装置の製造方法であって、一端に車輪取付フランジを一体に有し、外周に前記複列の転がり軸受の一方の内側転走面と、この内側転走面から軸方向に延びる円筒状の小径段部が形成されたハブ輪と、前記小径段部に外嵌され、前記複列の転がり軸受の他方の内側転走面が形成された内輪とからなる内方部材と、外周に車輪取付フランジを一体に有し、内周に前記内側転走面に対向する複列の外側転走面が形成された外方部材と、これら転走面間に収容された複列の転動体とを備えた複列の転がり軸受と、カップ部と、このカップ部の底部をなす肩部を有する外側継手部材とを備えた等速自在継手とをユニット化する駆動車輪用軸受装置の製造方法において、前記ハブ輪の小径段部の端部を径方向に塑性変形させ、その端面がフラットになるように加締部を形成し、この加締部で前記ハブ輪に対して前記内輪を軸方向に固定すると共に、前記外側継手部材と前記ハブ輪とを芯合わせした状態で衝合させ、溶接により前記肩部と前記加締部を接合した構成を採用した。
【００２３】
このように、ハブ輪の小径段部の端部を径方向に塑性変形させ、その端面がフラットになるように加締部を形成し、この加締部でハブ輪に対して内輪を軸方向に固定すると共に、外側継手部材とハブ輪とを芯合わせした状態で衝合させ、溶接により肩部と加締部を接合する方法を採用したので、複列の転がり軸受と等速自在継手を、実車での使用条件に合わせて自由に最適な仕様のものを組み合わせることができ、製品の信頼性を向上させることができ、かつ開発費や開発期間を大幅に短縮して製品のコストを下げることができる。
【００２４】
好ましくは、請求項８に記載の発明のように、前記外側継手部材の肩部の端面に環状の凹凸部からなる接合部を形成し、高速パルス方式によるプロジェクション溶接で前記肩部と前記加締部を接合すれば、極短時間で溶接されるため、接合部の近傍のシールや軸受内に封入したグリースの熱劣化を抑制することができる。接合部は、凸部と加締部の端面が溶融して接合されると共に、このナゲットが凹部に許容される。そして、溶接条件を細部にわたって管理することにより、このナゲットのサイズを操作することも可能で、正確に、かつ強固な接合部を形成することができるので、溶接後のハブ輪と外側継手部材の位置関係のバラツキを極めて小さく抑制することができる。
【００２５】
また、請求項８に記載の発明のように、前記外側継手部材を肌焼き鋼で形成し、浸炭焼入れによりその表面に所定の硬化層を形成すると共に、少なくとも前記肩部に、防浸炭あるいは浸炭焼入れ後に浸炭層を除去して非硬化層を形成しても良い。これにより、溶接部位は低炭素量となって溶接強度を高めることができる。
【００２６】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施形態を図面に基いて詳細に説明する。図１は、本発明に係る駆動車輪用軸受装置の実施形態を示す縦断面図である。なお、以下の説明では、車両に組み付けた状態で車両の外側寄りとなる側をアウトボード側（図面左側）、中央寄り側をインボード側（図面右側）という。
【００２７】
この駆動車輪用軸受装置は、ハブ輪１と、複列の転がり軸受２と、等速自在継手３とをユニット化して構成されている。ハブ輪１は、Ｓ５３Ｃ等の炭素０．４０〜０．８０ｗｔ％を含む中炭素鋼からなり、アウトボード側の端部に車輪（図示せず）を取り付けるための車輪取付フランジ４を一体に有している。この車輪取付フランジ４の円周方向等配に車輪を締結するためのハブボルト４ａが植設されている。外周には複列の転がり軸受２におけるアウトボード側の内側転走面１ａ、およびこの内側転走面１ａから軸方向に延びる円筒状の小径段部１ｂが形成されている。そしてハブ輪１の外周面には、シールランド部、内側転走面１ａおよび小径段部１ｂに亙って高周波誘導加熱による焼入れにより、表面硬さを５４〜６４ＨＲＣの範囲に硬化層が形成されている。なお、小径段部１ｂのインボード側端部は鍛造後の素材表面硬さ２４ＨＲＣ以下の未焼入れ部としている。これにより、ハブ輪１の摩耗および耐久性が向上すると共に、端部の加工性を向上させ、塑性変形時のクラック等を抑制することができ、塑性結合部において所望の強度を得ることができる。
【００２８】
複列の転がり軸受２は、ハブ輪１と別体の内輪５とからなる内方部材６と、外方部材７と、複列の転動体８、８とを備え、外方部材７は外周に車体（図示せず）に取り付けるための車体取付フランジ７ａを一体に有し、内周には複列の外側転走面７ｂ、７ｂが形成されている。複列の転動体８、８がこれら転走面７ｂ、１ａおよび７ｂ、５ａ間にそれぞれ収容され、保持器９、９で転動自在に保持されている。複列の転がり軸受２の端部にはシール１０、１１が装着され、軸受内部に封入した潤滑グリースの漏洩と外部からの雨水やダスト等の侵入を防止している。ここでは、複列の転がり軸受２は転動体８、８をボールとした複列アンギュラ玉軸受を例示したが、これに限らず転動体に円すいころを使用した複列円すいころ軸受であっても良い。
【００２９】
等速自在継手３は、外側継手部材１２と、図示しない内側継手部材とケージおよびトルク伝達ボールとを備えている。外側継手部材１２は、Ｓ５３Ｃ等の炭素０．４０〜０．８０ｗｔ％を含む中炭素鋼で形成され、カップ部１３と、このカップ部１３の底部をなし、フラットな端面１４ａを有する肩部１４を備えている。この肩部１４は中空に形成され、この内径にはエンドキャップ１５を装着して継手内部に封入した潤滑グリースの漏洩と外部からの雨水やダスト等の侵入を防止している。そして外側継手部材１２のトラック溝１３ａには高周波誘導加熱による焼入れにより、表面硬さを５４〜６４ＨＲＣの範囲に硬化層が形成されている。また、少なくとも肩部１４の端面１４ａは鍛造後の素材表面硬さ２４ＨＲＣ以下の未焼入れ部としている。なお、この肩部１４を中実としても良いが、肩部１４を中空に形成することにより、後述する溶接における放熱効果を促進することができ、溶接部近傍の部位の熱影響を最小限に止めることができる。
【００３０】
ここで、ハブ輪１の小径段部１ｂに内輪５を圧入した後、小径段部１ｂの端部を径方向外方に塑性変形させ加締部１６を形成し、この加締部１６によってハブ輪１に対して内輪５を軸方向に固定している。この時、小径段部１ｂと内輪５を所定の寸法精度に設定すると共に、内輪５を保持した状態で小径段部１ｂの端部を所定の加締力によって加締加工することにより、転がり軸受２の内部すきまを所定の負すきまとして軸受剛性を向上させると共に、この負すきまを維持することができる、所謂第３世代のセルフリテイン構造を提供することができる。
【００３１】
さらに、ハブ輪１の小径段部１ｂの端部を塑性変形にて加締部１６を形成する際、その最終工程に平坦な加締治具（図示せず）を用いて加締部１６の端面１６ａをフラットな形状に仕上げている。そしてこの端面１６ａと前述した外側継手部材１２の肩部１４の端面１４ａとを同心状に位置決めして保持した状態で衝合させ、溶接によって両者を一体固着している。なお、加締部１６の端面１６ａの仕上げはプレス成形に限らず、別途旋削等の切削加工であっても良い。
【００３２】
本発明の実施形態では、ハブ輪１と複列の転がり軸受２とをサブユニット化したセルフリテイン構造により、予め設定した軸受部の負すきまを維持することができると共に、従来のような外側継手部材のステム部を省略することができ、軽量化を達成することができる。また、セレーションやねじ等の加工工程も不要となって低コスト化を実現することができる。
【００３３】
ここで、ハブ輪１と外側継手部材１２との溶接は、接合部近傍のシール１１や軸受内に封入したグリースの熱劣化を抑制するものであれば良く、高速パルス方式によるプロジェクション溶接以外にも、レーザ溶接、摩擦圧接等を例示することができる。なお、接合部の疲労強度が不足する場合等では、溶接部の外周面を切削等で除去しても良い。
【００３４】
本発明では、複列の転がり軸受と等速自在継手を、実車での使用条件に合わせて自由に最適な仕様のものを組み合わせることができ、製品の信頼性を向上させることができ、かつ開発費や開発期間を大幅に短縮して製品のコストを下げることができる。
【００３５】
また、ハブ輪１の小径段部１ｂの端部に形成した加締部１６および外側継手部材１２の肩部１４は、表面に硬化層が形成されていない未焼入れ部であるから、溶接強度に影響を及ぼす有害な炭素が析出しておらず、溶接強度を一層高めることができる。なお、これら以外に、外側継手部材１２をＳＣＲ４３０等の肌焼き鋼で形成し、所定の部位に浸炭焼入れによる硬化層を形成すると共に、肩部１４を防浸炭、あるいは浸炭焼入れ後に浸炭層を切削にて除去すれば、溶接部位は低炭素量となって溶接強度を高めることができる。
【００３６】
図２は、本発明に係る駆動車輪用軸受装置の他の実施形態を示す縦断面図である。なお、前述した実施形態と異なるのは外側継手部材とハブ輪との接合部の構成のみで、その他同一部品同一部位には同じ符号を付してその詳細な説明を省略する。
【００３７】
ハブ輪１’の外周には複列の転がり軸受２におけるアウトボード側の内側転走面１ａ、およびこの内側転走面１ａから軸方向に延びる円筒状の小径段部１ｂ’が形成されている。ここで、加締部１６を形成する際に小径段部１ｂ’の内径が縮径して寸法バラツキが生じるため、小径段部１ｂ’の内径には大径部１７が形成されている。この大径部１７によって塑性変形により生じる縮径分を許容することができる。そして、ハブ輪１’の外周面には、シールランド部、内側転走面１ａおよび小径段部１ｂ’に亙って高周波誘導加熱による焼入れにより、表面硬さを５４〜６４ＨＲＣの範囲に硬化層が形成されている。なお、小径段部１ｂ’のインボード側端部は鍛造後の素材表面硬さ２４ＨＲＣ以下の未焼入れ部としている。
【００３８】
外側継手部材１８は、Ｓ５３Ｃ等の炭素０．４０〜０．８０ｗｔ％を含む中炭素鋼で形成され、カップ部１３と、このカップ部１３の底部をなす肩部１９と、この肩部１９から軸方向に延びるガイド部２０とを備えている。このガイド部２０は、ハブ輪１’の小径段部１ｂ’の内径に内嵌され、ハブ輪１’と外側継手部材１８とを同心状に位置決め保持することができる。そして、外側継手部材１８のトラック溝（図示せず）には高周波誘導加熱による焼入れにより、表面硬さを５４〜６４ＨＲＣの範囲に硬化層が形成されている。また、少なくとも肩部１９の端面１９ａは鍛造後の素材表面硬さ２４ＨＲＣ以下の未焼入れ部としている。
【００３９】
肩部１９の端面１９ａは、フラットに形成されると共に、加締部１６との衝合部には突出した予め接合部２１が形成されている。この接合前の接合部２１は、図３に拡大して示すように、同心円状に形成された複数の凸部２１ａと、この凸部２１ａ間に形成された複数の凹部２１ｂとからなる。なお、この凸部２１ａは複数でなく単一のものであっても良い。
【００４０】
本実施形態では、外側継手部材１８とハブ輪１’との接合には、高速パルス方式によるプロジェクション溶接が用いられている。この溶接は、０．００４秒から０．００８秒の極短時間で溶接されるため、接合部２１の近傍のシール１１や軸受内に封入したグリースの熱劣化を抑制することができ好適である。肩部１９の接合部２１は、図４に示すように凸部２１ａと加締部１６の端面１６ａが溶融して接合されると共に、このナゲット（溶融部）が凹部２１ｂに許容される。また、溶接条件を細部にわたって管理することにより、このナゲットのサイズを操作することも可能で、正確に、かつ強固な接合部２１を形成することができるので、溶接後のハブ輪１’と外側継手部材１８の位置関係のバラツキを極めて小さく抑制することができる。
【００４１】
以上、本発明の実施の形態について説明を行ったが、本発明はこうした実施の形態に何等限定されるものではなく、あくまで例示であって、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲内において、さらに種々なる形態で実施し得ることは勿論のことであり、本発明の範囲は、特許請求の範囲の記載によって示され、さらに特許請求の範囲に記載の均等の意味、および範囲内のすべての変更を含む。
【００４２】
【発明の効果】
以上詳述したように、本発明に係る駆動車輪用軸受装置は、ハブ輪と複列の転がり軸受と等速自在継手とをユニット化した駆動車輪用軸受装置であって、一端に車輪取付フランジを一体に有し、外周に前記複列の転がり軸受の一方の内側転走面と、この内側転走面から軸方向に延びる円筒状の小径段部が形成されたハブ輪と、前記小径段部に外嵌され、前記複列の転がり軸受の他方の内側転走面が形成された内輪とからなる内方部材と、外周に車輪取付フランジを一体に有し、内周に前記内側転走面に対向する複列の外側転走面が形成された外方部材と、これら転走面間に収容された複列の転動体とを備えた複列の転がり軸受と、カップ部と、このカップ部の底部をなす肩部を有する外側継手部材とを備えた等速自在継手とからなる駆動車輪用軸受装置において、前記ハブ輪の小径段部の端部を径方向に塑性変形させて加締部を形成し、この加締部で前記ハブ輪に対して前記内輪を軸方向に固定すると共に、前記外側継手部材の肩部と前記ハブ輪の加締部を溶接により接合したので、第３世代のセルフリテイン構造からなる駆動車輪用軸受装置を提供することができ、予め設定した軸受部の負すきまを維持することができると共に、従来のような外側継手部材のステム部を省略することができ、軽量化を達成することができる。また、セレーションやねじ等の加工工程も不要となって低コスト化を実現することができる。
【００４３】
また、本発明に係る駆動車輪用軸受装置の製造方法は、ハブ輪と複列の転がり軸受と等速自在継手とをユニット化する駆動車輪用軸受装置の製造方法であって、一端に車輪取付フランジを一体に有し、外周に前記複列の転がり軸受の一方の内側転走面と、この内側転走面から軸方向に延びる円筒状の小径段部が形成されたハブ輪と、前記小径段部に外嵌され、前記複列の転がり軸受の他方の内側転走面が形成された内輪とからなる内方部材と、外周に車輪取付フランジを一体に有し、内周に前記内側転走面に対向する複列の外側転走面が形成された外方部材と、これら転走面間に収容された複列の転動体とを備えた複列の転がり軸受と、カップ部と、このカップ部の底部をなす肩部を有する外側継手部材とを備えた等速自在継手とをユニット化する駆動車輪用軸受装置の製造方法において、前記ハブ輪の小径段部の端部を径方向に塑性変形させ、その端面がフラットになるように加締部を形成し、この加締部で前記ハブ輪に対して前記内輪を軸方向に固定すると共に、前記外側継手部材と前記ハブ輪とを芯合わせした状態で衝合させ、溶接により前記肩部と前記加締部を接合する方法を採用したので、複列の転がり軸受と等速自在継手を、実車での使用条件に合わせて自由に最適な仕様のものを組み合わせることができ、製品の信頼性を向上させることができ、かつ開発費や開発期間を大幅に短縮して製品のコストを下げることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明に係る駆動車輪用軸受装置の実施形態を示す縦断面図である。
【図２】本発明に係る駆動車輪用軸受装置の他の実施形態を示す縦断面図である。
【図３】同上、溶接前の要部拡大図である。
【図４】同上、溶接後の要部拡大図である。
【図５】従来の駆動車輪用軸受装置を示す縦断面図である。
【図６】従来の他の駆動車輪用軸受装置を示す縦断面図である。
【符号の説明】
１、１’・・・・・・・・・・・・ハブ輪
１ａ、５ａ・・・・・・・・・・・内側転走面
１ｂ、１ｂ’・・・・・・・・・・小径段部
２・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・複列の転がり軸受
３・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・等速自在継手
４・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・車輪取付フランジ
４ａ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ハブボルト
５・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・内輪
６・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・内方部材
７・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・外方部材
７ａ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・車体取付フランジ
７ｂ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・外側転走面
８・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・転動体
９・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・保持器
１０、１１・・・・・・・・・・・シール
１２、１８・・・・・・・・・・・外側継手部材
１３・・・・・・・・・・・・・・カップ部
１３ａ・・・・・・・・・・・・・トラック溝
１４、１９・・・・・・・・・・・肩部
１４ａ、１６ａ、１９ａ・・・・・端面
１５・・・・・・・・・・・・・・エンドキャップ
１６・・・・・・・・・・・・・・加締部
１７・・・・・・・・・・・・・・大径部
２０・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ガイド部
２１・・・・・・・・・・・・・・接合部
２１ａ・・・・・・・・・・・・・凸部
２１ｂ・・・・・・・・・・・・・凹部
５１、７２・・・・・・・・・・・ハブ輪
５１ａ、５６ａ、７２ａ、７４ａ・内側転走面
５１ｂ・・・・・・・・・・・・・小径段部
５２、７０・・・・・・・・・・・複列の転がり軸受
５３・・・・・・・・・・・・・・等速自在継手
５４・・・・・・・・・・・・・・外側継手部材
５５、７３・・・・・・・・・・・外方部材
５５ａ、７３ａ・・・・・・・・・外側転走面
５５ｂ・・・・・・・・・・・・・車体取付フランジ
５６、７４・・・・・・・・・・・内輪
５７、７５・・・・・・・・・・・転動体
５８・・・・・・・・・・・・・・シール
５９・・・・・・・・・・・・・・車輪取付フランジ
６０、６６・・・・・・・・・・・セレーション
６１・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ハブボルト
６２・・・・・・・・・・・・・・加締部
６３・・・・・・・・・・・・・・カップ部
６４・・・・・・・・・・・・・・肩部
６５・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ステム部
６７・・・・・・・・・・・・・・雄ねじ
６８・・・・・・・・・・・・・・固定ナット
７１ａ、７２ｂ・・・・・・・・・円筒部
７１ｂ・・・・・・・・・・・・・雄ねじ
７２ｃ・・・・・・・・・・・・・雌ねじ[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention supports driving wheels (front wheels of front-wheel drive vehicles, rear wheels of rear-wheel drive vehicles, all wheels of 4WD vehicles) with respect to the vehicle body, and transmits rotational torque from the engine to the drive wheels. The present invention relates to a drive wheel bearing device and a manufacturing method thereof.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Various types of bearing devices for driving wheels of vehicles such as automobiles have been proposed depending on the size and application. For example, in the drive wheel bearing device shown in FIG. 5, the hub wheel 51 and the double row rolling bearing 52 are unitized, the outer joint member 54 of the constant velocity universal joint 53 is provided on the inner periphery of the hub wheel 51, and the serration 66 is provided. Through which torque can be transmitted.
[0003]
The double-row rolling bearing 52 has double-row outer rolling surfaces 55a and 55a formed on the inner periphery, and an outer member 55 integrally having a vehicle body mounting flange 55b fixed to the vehicle body (not shown) on the outer periphery. Of the double-row inner rolling surfaces facing the outer rolling surfaces 55a and 55a, the hub wheel 51 in which one inner rolling surface 51a is directly formed on the outer periphery, and the small-diameter step portion 51b of the hub wheel 51. A separate inner ring 56 having the other inner rolling surface 56a formed on the outer periphery thereof, and double row rolling elements housed between the outer rolling surfaces 55a and 55a and the inner rolling surfaces 51a and 56a. 57 and 57 constitute a main part. The double-row rolling elements 57 and 57 are held so as to roll freely by a holder (not shown). Further, seals 58 and 58 are attached to the ends of the double row rolling bearings 52 to prevent leakage of lubricating grease sealed inside the bearings and intrusion of rainwater, dust, and the like from the outside.
[0004]
The hub wheel 51 is formed with a serration (or spline) 60 for torque transmission on the inner periphery, and integrally has a wheel mounting flange 59 for mounting a wheel (not shown) on the outer periphery of the end portion. . Hub bolts 61 for fastening the wheels are planted at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the wheel mounting flange 59.
[0005]
The constant velocity universal joint 53 includes an outer joint member 54, an inner joint member (not shown), a torque transmission ball accommodated between the inner joint member and the outer joint member 54, and the torque transmission balls arranged in the circumferential direction at equal intervals. Holding cage. The outer joint member 54 includes a cup portion 63, a shoulder portion 64 that forms the bottom portion of the cup portion 63, and a stem portion 65 that extends from the shoulder portion 64 in the axial direction. A serration (or spline) 66 that meshes with the serration 60 of the hub wheel 51 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the stem portion 65, and a male screw 67 is formed at the end.
[0006]
The stem portion 65 of the outer joint member 54 is fitted into the hub wheel 51, and the torque can be transmitted by engaging the serration 60 formed on the hub wheel 51 with the serration 66 of the stem portion 65, and the end thereof is fixed nut. The constant velocity universal joint 53 is detachably fixed to the double row rolling bearing 52 by fastening with 68.
[0007]
In this drive wheel bearing device, the inner ring 56 is press-fitted into the small-diameter step portion 51b of the hub wheel 51, and then the end portion of the small-diameter step portion 51b is plastically deformed radially outward to form the crimping portion 62. The inner ring 56 is fixed to the hub wheel 51 in the axial direction by the caulking portion 62, and the double row rolling bearing 52 is unitized. By such unitization, a so-called self-retained third generation type drive wheel that can perform the preload management of the double row rolling bearing 52 without adjusting the preload by adjusting the tightening torque with the fixing nut. A bearing device can be provided (for example, refer to Patent Document 1).
[0008]
A structure with a reduced number of parts as shown in FIG. 6 is already known. This drive wheel bearing device includes an outer joint member 71, a hub wheel 72 attached to a wheel (not shown) and having one inner rolling surface 72a of a double row rolling bearing 70 formed on the outer periphery, (Not shown), an outer member 73 having a double row outer rolling surface 73a formed on the inner periphery, and an outer fitting fixed to the hub wheel 72, and the other of the double row rolling bearings 70 on the outer periphery. A separate inner ring 74 formed with an inner rolling surface 74a, and double row rolling elements 75, 75 accommodated between the outer rolling surfaces 73a, 73a and the inner rolling surfaces 72a, 74a so as to freely roll. It consists of
[0009]
The end portion of the outer joint member 71 is integrally provided with a cylindrical portion 71a having a male screw 71b formed on the outer periphery. A female thread 72c is formed on the inner periphery of the cylindrical portion 72b of the hub wheel 72, and a desired preload is applied to the double row rolling bearing 70 by fastening the male thread 71b and the female thread 72c with a predetermined tightening torque. Can be granted.
[0010]
Further, after the outer joint member 71 and the hub wheel 72 are connected, in order to secure the connection, the outer peripheral end of the male screw 71b of the cylindrical portion 71a and the female screw 72c of the cylindrical portion 72b are welded by fillet welding. The outer joint member 71 and the hub wheel 72 are integrally fixed. This eliminates the need for conventional serrations and fixing nuts, and reduces the number of parts and the number of processing steps, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
[0011]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-5404 (pages 3, 4 and 1)
[Patent Document 2]
Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-16007 (second page, FIG. 1)
[0012]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the former drive wheel bearing device among these prior patents, after the separate inner ring 56 is press-fitted into the small-diameter step portion 51b of the hub wheel 51, the end portion of the small-diameter step portion 51b is radially outward. A caulking portion 62 is formed by plastic deformation, and the inner ring 56 is fixed to the hub wheel 51 in the axial direction by the caulking portion 62 so that the double row rolling bearing 52 is unitized. A stem portion 65 protrudes from the outer joint member 54 of the joint 53, and a serration 66 for torque transmission and a male screw 67 for fixing to the hub wheel 51 must be formed. This configuration not only hinders weight reduction of the apparatus, but also takes time to process them.
[0013]
Further, when forming the caulking portion 62 by plastic deformation, the inner diameter portion of the hub wheel 51 and the serration 60 are deformed, and post-processing is absolutely necessary for finishing the inner diameter portion and correcting the serration 60 by broaching. It was. In this post-processing, it is necessary to protect the chips and tool lubricant from spraying directly on the bearing seals 58, 58, and the post-processing and seal protection further increases the number of processing steps, thus avoiding an increase in manufacturing costs. Absent.
[0014]
On the other hand, the latter drive wheel bearing device does not have such a problem, but the male screw 71b and the female screw 72c must be adjusted to a predetermined tightening torque to apply a desired preload to the double row rolling bearing 70. In addition, a large number of man-hours are required for the fastening operation and torque management. In this type of drive wheel bearing device having a self-retained structure, there has been a demand for a drive wheel bearing device that can reduce the number of parts and the number of work steps, reduce the cost, and achieve light weight and compactness.
[0015]
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a low-cost, lightweight, compact third-generation self-retained drive wheel bearing device and a manufacturing method thereof.
[0016]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve such an object, the invention described in claim 1 of the present invention is a drive wheel bearing device in which a hub wheel, a double row rolling bearing and a constant velocity universal joint are unitized, and a wheel is provided at one end. A hub wheel integrally having a mounting flange, and formed on the outer periphery thereof with one inner rolling surface of the double row rolling bearing, and a cylindrical small-diameter step portion extending in the axial direction from the inner rolling surface; An inner member comprising an inner ring externally fitted to a small-diameter stepped portion and formed with the other inner rolling surface of the double row rolling bearing, and a wheel mounting flange on the outer periphery, and an inner member on the inner periphery A double-row rolling bearing comprising an outer member formed with a double-row outer rolling surface facing the rolling surface, and a double-row rolling element housed between the rolling surfaces, a cup portion, And a constant velocity universal joint provided with an outer joint member having a shoulder portion that forms the bottom of the cup portion. In the wheel bearing device, the end portion of the small-diameter step portion of the hub wheel is plastically deformed in the radial direction to form a crimped portion, and the inner ring is fixed to the hub wheel in the axial direction by the crimped portion. And the structure which joined the shoulder part of the said outer joint member and the crimping part of the said hub ring by welding was employ | adopted.
[0017]
In this way, the end of the small-diameter step portion of the hub wheel is plastically deformed in the radial direction to form a crimped portion, and the inner ring is fixed in the axial direction by the crimped portion, and the shoulder portion of the outer joint member and the hub Since the caulking portion of the wheel is joined by welding, it is possible to provide a bearing device for a driving wheel having a third-generation self-retained structure, and to maintain a preset negative clearance of the bearing portion. Thus, the stem portion of the outer joint member can be omitted, and weight reduction can be achieved. Further, processing steps such as serration and screws are not necessary, and cost reduction can be realized.
[0018]
In the invention according to claim 2, since at least the end surface of the shoulder portion is formed flat among the end surface of the shoulder portion and the end surface of the crimping portion, accurate positioning and fixing can be performed, and Bonding strength can be increased.
[0019]
In the invention according to claim 3, since the shoulder portion of the outer joint member is formed hollow, the heat radiation effect can be promoted in the welding process, and the thermal influence in the vicinity of the welded portion can be minimized. .
[0020]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a large-diameter portion is formed on the inner diameter of the small-diameter step portion to allow a reduced diameter due to plastic deformation, and a guide portion extending in the axial direction from the shoulder portion is projected. Since the guide portion is fitted over the large-diameter portion of the small-diameter step portion, the centering of the hub wheel and the outer joint member can be performed easily and accurately.
[0021]
In the invention according to claim 5, the surface hardness of the outer peripheral surface of the hub wheel is 54 to 64 HRC by quenching by high frequency induction heating over the seal land portion, the inner rolling surface and the small diameter step portion. In addition to forming a hardened layer in the area and making the end of the small diameter step part unquenched, the wear and durability of the hub wheel are improved, and the workability of the end is improved, and cracks during plastic deformation Etc., and the desired strength of the plastic joint can be obtained. Furthermore, since it is an unquenched part in which the hardened layer is not formed on the surface, harmful carbon affecting the welding strength is not precipitated, and the welding strength can be further increased.
[0022]
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for manufacturing a bearing device for a drive wheel in which a hub wheel, a double row rolling bearing, and a constant velocity universal joint are unitized, and the wheel is attached to one end. A hub wheel having a flange integrally formed on one outer rolling surface of the double row rolling bearing on the outer periphery, and a cylindrical small diameter step portion extending in an axial direction from the inner rolling surface, and the small diameter An inner member comprising an inner ring that is externally fitted to the stepped portion and has the other inner rolling surface of the double row rolling bearing, and a wheel mounting flange on the outer periphery, and the inner rolling on the inner periphery. A double-row rolling bearing comprising an outer member formed with a double-row outer rolling surface facing the running surface, and a double-row rolling element housed between the rolling surfaces, a cup portion, A constant velocity universal joint including an outer joint member having a shoulder portion that forms the bottom of the cup portion is unitized. In the method for manufacturing a drive wheel bearing device, an end portion of the small-diameter step portion of the hub wheel is plastically deformed in a radial direction, and a caulking portion is formed so that an end surface thereof is flat, and the hub is formed by the caulking portion. The inner ring is fixed to the ring in the axial direction, the outer joint member and the hub ring are abutted in a state of being aligned, and the shoulder portion and the crimped portion are joined by welding. .
[0023]
In this way, the end of the small-diameter step portion of the hub ring is plastically deformed in the radial direction, and a caulking portion is formed so that the end surface is flat, and the inner ring is axially moved with respect to the hub wheel by this caulking portion. In addition, the outer joint member and the hub ring are abutted with each other in the centered state, and the shoulder portion and the crimped portion are joined by welding, so a double row rolling bearing and a constant velocity universal joint are , You can freely combine products with the optimum specifications according to the conditions of use in the actual vehicle, improve the reliability of the product, and greatly reduce the development cost and development period to lower the product cost be able to.
[0024]
Preferably, as in the invention described in claim 8, a joint portion formed of an annular concavo-convex portion is formed on an end surface of the shoulder portion of the outer joint member, and the shoulder portion and the caulking portion are projected by high-speed pulse projection welding. If the parts are joined, welding is performed in an extremely short time, and therefore thermal degradation of the seal near the joint and the grease sealed in the bearing can be suppressed. In the joint portion, the end surfaces of the convex portion and the caulking portion are melted and joined, and this nugget is allowed in the concave portion. And by controlling the welding conditions in detail, it is possible to manipulate the size of this nugget and to form an accurate and strong joint, so the hub wheel and the outer joint member after welding can be formed. Variation in positional relationship can be suppressed to an extremely small level.
[0025]
Further, as in the invention according to claim 8, the outer joint member is made of case-hardened steel, a predetermined hardened layer is formed on the surface thereof by carburizing and quenching, and at least the shoulder portion is carburized or carburized. The carburized layer may be removed after quenching to form an uncured layer. Thereby, a welding site | part can become a low carbon amount and can improve welding strength.
[0026]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of a drive wheel bearing device according to the present invention. In the following description, the side closer to the outer side of the vehicle when assembled to the vehicle is referred to as the outboard side (left side in the drawing), and the side closer to the center is referred to as the inboard side (right side in the drawing).
[0027]
This drive wheel bearing device is constituted by unitizing a hub wheel 1, a double row rolling bearing 2, and a constant velocity universal joint 3. The hub wheel 1 is made of medium carbon steel containing 0.40 to 0.80 wt% of carbon such as S53C, and has a wheel mounting flange 4 for mounting a wheel (not shown) at an end on the outboard side. is doing. Hub bolts 4a for fastening the wheels are arranged in the circumferential direction of the wheel mounting flange 4 at equal intervals. On the outer periphery, an inner rolling surface 1a on the outboard side of the double row rolling bearing 2 and a cylindrical small-diameter step portion 1b extending in the axial direction from the inner rolling surface 1a are formed. A hardened layer is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the hub wheel 1 with a surface hardness in the range of 54 to 64 HRC by quenching by high frequency induction heating over the seal land portion, the inner rolling surface 1a and the small diameter step portion 1b. ing. In addition, the inboard side edge part of the small diameter step part 1b is made into the unhardened part of the raw material surface hardness 24HRC or less after forging. As a result, the wear and durability of the hub wheel 1 can be improved, the workability of the end portion can be improved, cracks during plastic deformation and the like can be suppressed, and a desired strength can be obtained at the plastic joint. .
[0028]
The double-row rolling bearing 2 includes an inner member 6 composed of a hub ring 1 and a separate inner ring 5, an outer member 7, and double-row rolling elements 8 and 8. The outer member 7 has an outer periphery. A vehicle body mounting flange 7a for mounting to a vehicle body (not shown) is integrally formed, and double row outer rolling surfaces 7b and 7b are formed on the inner periphery. Double-row rolling elements 8 and 8 are accommodated between the rolling surfaces 7b, 1a and 7b and 5a, respectively, and are held by the cages 9 and 9 so as to be freely rollable. Seals 10 and 11 are attached to the ends of the double-row rolling bearing 2 to prevent leakage of lubricating grease sealed inside the bearing and intrusion of rainwater or dust from the outside. Here, the double-row rolling bearing 2 is exemplified as a double-row angular contact ball bearing in which the rolling elements 8 and 8 are balls. However, the present invention is not limited to this. good.
[0029]
The constant velocity universal joint 3 includes an outer joint member 12, an inner joint member (not shown), a cage, and a torque transmission ball. The outer joint member 12 is formed of medium carbon steel containing carbon 0.40 to 0.80 wt% such as S53C, and forms a cup portion 13 and a shoulder portion 14 that forms the bottom of the cup portion 13 and has a flat end surface 14a. It has. The shoulder portion 14 is hollow, and an end cap 15 is attached to the inner diameter of the shoulder portion 14 to prevent leakage of lubricating grease sealed inside the joint and intrusion of rainwater and dust from the outside. A hardened layer is formed in the track groove 13a of the outer joint member 12 with a surface hardness in the range of 54 to 64 HRC by quenching by high frequency induction heating. At least the end surface 14a of the shoulder portion 14 is an unquenched portion having a surface hardness of 24HRC or less after forging. Although the shoulder portion 14 may be solid, by forming the shoulder portion 14 hollow, a heat radiation effect in welding described later can be promoted, and the thermal influence on the portion in the vicinity of the welded portion is minimized. Can be stopped.
[0030]
Here, after the inner ring 5 is press-fitted into the small-diameter step portion 1b of the hub wheel 1, the end portion of the small-diameter step portion 1b is plastically deformed radially outward to form a caulking portion 16, and the caulking portion 16 serves as a hub. An inner ring 5 is fixed to the ring 1 in the axial direction. At this time, the small-diameter step portion 1b and the inner ring 5 are set to a predetermined dimensional accuracy, and the end of the small-diameter step portion 1b is crimped with a predetermined crimping force while holding the inner ring 5, thereby rolling bearings. Thus, a so-called third-generation self-retained structure that can improve the bearing rigidity while maintaining the negative clearance as a predetermined negative clearance can be provided.
[0031]
Furthermore, when forming the crimped portion 16 by plastic deformation at the end of the small-diameter stepped portion 1b of the hub wheel 1, a flat crimping jig (not shown) is used for the final process. The end surface 16a is finished in a flat shape. The end face 16a and the end face 14a of the shoulder portion 14 of the outer joint member 12 are abutted and held concentrically, and the two are integrally fixed by welding. The finishing of the end surface 16a of the crimping portion 16 is not limited to press molding, and may be a cutting process such as a separate turning.
[0032]
In the embodiment of the present invention, the self-retained structure in which the hub wheel 1 and the double row rolling bearing 2 are made into subunits can maintain a preset negative clearance of the bearing portion, and a conventional outer joint can be used. The stem portion of the member can be omitted, and weight reduction can be achieved. Further, processing steps such as serration and screws are not necessary, and cost reduction can be realized.
[0033]
Here, the welding between the hub wheel 1 and the outer joint member 12 is not limited as long as it suppresses the thermal deterioration of the seal 11 near the joint and the grease sealed in the bearing. Laser welding, friction welding, etc. can be illustrated. When the fatigue strength of the joint is insufficient, the outer peripheral surface of the weld may be removed by cutting or the like.
[0034]
In the present invention, a double row rolling bearing and a constant velocity universal joint can be combined with the one with the optimum specifications freely according to the conditions of use in the actual vehicle, and the reliability of the product can be improved and developed. Costs and development periods can be significantly shortened to reduce product costs.
[0035]
Moreover, since the crimping part 16 formed in the edge part of the small diameter step part 1b of the hub wheel 1 and the shoulder part 14 of the outer joint member 12 are the unquenched part in which the hardened layer is not formed in the surface, it is weld strength. The harmful carbon which influences does not precipitate, and it can raise weld strength further. In addition to these, the outer joint member 12 is made of case-hardened steel such as SCR430, and a hardened layer is formed by carburizing and quenching at a predetermined portion, and the shoulder portion 14 is carburized or carburized and hardened after cutting. If it removes by, a welding site | part becomes a low carbon content and welding strength can be raised.
[0036]
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment of the drive wheel bearing device according to the present invention. Note that the difference from the above-described embodiment is only the configuration of the joint portion between the outer joint member and the hub wheel, and the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
[0037]
On the outer periphery of the hub wheel 1 ′, an inner rolling surface 1 a on the outboard side of the double row rolling bearing 2 and a cylindrical small-diameter step portion 1 b ′ extending in the axial direction from the inner rolling surface 1 a are formed. . Here, when the caulking portion 16 is formed, the inner diameter of the small-diameter step portion 1b ′ is reduced, resulting in dimensional variations. Therefore, the large-diameter portion 17 is formed on the inner diameter of the small-diameter step portion 1b ′. This large diameter portion 17 can allow a reduced diameter caused by plastic deformation. The outer surface of the hub wheel 1 ′ is hardened to a surface hardness of 54 to 64 HRC by quenching by high frequency induction heating over the seal land portion, the inner rolling surface 1 a and the small diameter step portion 1 b ′. Is formed. Note that the inboard side end of the small-diameter step portion 1b ′ is an unquenched portion having a surface hardness of 24HRC or less after forging.
[0038]
The outer joint member 18 is formed of a medium carbon steel containing carbon 0.40 to 0.80 wt% such as S53C, and the cup portion 13, a shoulder portion 19 that forms the bottom of the cup portion 13, and the shoulder portion 19. And a guide portion 20 extending in the axial direction. The guide portion 20 is fitted into the inner diameter of the small-diameter step portion 1b ′ of the hub wheel 1 ′, and can position and hold the hub wheel 1 ′ and the outer joint member 18 concentrically. A hardened layer having a surface hardness in the range of 54 to 64 HRC is formed in the track groove (not shown) of the outer joint member 18 by quenching by high frequency induction heating. Further, at least the end surface 19a of the shoulder 19 is an unquenched portion having a surface hardness of 24HRC or less after forging.
[0039]
The end surface 19a of the shoulder portion 19 is formed flat, and a joint portion 21 protruding in advance is formed at the abutting portion with the caulking portion 16. As shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 3, the joining portion 21 before joining includes a plurality of convex portions 21a formed concentrically and a plurality of concave portions 21b formed between the convex portions 21a. The convex portion 21a may be a single one instead of a plurality.
[0040]
In the present embodiment, projection welding by a high-speed pulse method is used for joining the outer joint member 18 and the hub wheel 1 ′. Since this welding is performed in an extremely short time from 0.004 seconds to 0.008 seconds, thermal deterioration of the seal 11 in the vicinity of the joint portion 21 and the grease enclosed in the bearing is suppressed, which is preferable. . As shown in FIG. 4, the joint portion 21 of the shoulder portion 19 is joined by melting the convex portion 21 a and the end surface 16 a of the crimping portion 16 and allowing the nugget (melted portion) to be allowed to the concave portion 21 b. In addition, by controlling the welding conditions in detail, the size of the nugget can be manipulated, and a precise and strong joint 21 can be formed. Variations in the positional relationship of the joint member 18 can be suppressed extremely small.
[0041]
The embodiment of the present invention has been described above, but the present invention is not limited to such an embodiment, and is merely an example, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. Of course, the scope of the present invention is indicated by the description of the scope of claims, and further, the equivalent meanings described in the scope of claims and all modifications within the scope of the scope of the present invention are included. Including.
[0042]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, the drive wheel bearing device according to the present invention is a drive wheel bearing device in which a hub wheel, a double row rolling bearing, and a constant velocity universal joint are unitized, with a wheel mounting flange at one end. And a hub wheel formed on the outer periphery with one inner rolling surface of the double row rolling bearing, a cylindrical small diameter step portion extending in the axial direction from the inner rolling surface, and the small diameter step. An inner member comprising an inner ring that is externally fitted to the inner ring and formed with the other inner rolling surface of the double row rolling bearing, and a wheel mounting flange on the outer periphery, and the inner rolling on the inner periphery. A double row rolling bearing comprising an outer member formed with a double row outer rolling surface facing the surface, a double row rolling element accommodated between the rolling surfaces, a cup portion, A drive wheel comprising a constant velocity universal joint provided with an outer joint member having a shoulder portion forming the bottom of the cup portion In the bearing device, the end portion of the small-diameter step portion of the hub ring is plastically deformed in the radial direction to form a crimped portion, and the inner ring is fixed to the hub wheel in the axial direction by the crimped portion, Since the shoulder portion of the outer joint member and the caulking portion of the hub ring are joined by welding, a drive wheel bearing device having a third-generation self-retained structure can be provided, and the negative bearing of a preset bearing portion can be provided. The clearance can be maintained, and the conventional stem portion of the outer joint member can be omitted, thereby reducing the weight. Further, processing steps such as serration and screws are not necessary, and cost reduction can be realized.
[0043]
The method for manufacturing a drive wheel bearing device according to the present invention is a method for manufacturing a drive wheel bearing device in which a hub wheel, a double row rolling bearing, and a constant velocity universal joint are unitized. A hub wheel having a flange integrally formed on one outer rolling surface of the double row rolling bearing on the outer periphery, and a cylindrical small diameter step portion extending in an axial direction from the inner rolling surface, and the small diameter An inner member comprising an inner ring that is externally fitted to the stepped portion and has the other inner rolling surface of the double row rolling bearing, and a wheel mounting flange on the outer periphery, and the inner rolling on the inner periphery. A double-row rolling bearing comprising an outer member formed with a double-row outer rolling surface facing the running surface, and a double-row rolling element housed between the rolling surfaces, a cup portion, And a constant velocity universal joint having an outer joint member having a shoulder portion forming the bottom of the cup portion. In the manufacturing method of the bearing device for a driving wheel, the end portion of the small diameter step portion of the hub wheel is plastically deformed in the radial direction, and a caulking portion is formed so that the end surface is flat. The inner ring is fixed to the hub ring in the axial direction, the outer joint member and the hub ring are brought into contact with each other in a centered state, and the shoulder portion and the caulking portion are joined by welding. Therefore, it is possible to freely combine double row rolling bearings and constant velocity universal joints with the optimum specifications according to the conditions of use in the actual vehicle, improving product reliability and developing costs. And the development period can be greatly shortened to reduce the product cost.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of a bearing device for a drive wheel according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment of the drive wheel bearing device according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a main part before welding.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the main part after welding.
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a conventional drive wheel bearing device.
FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another conventional drive wheel bearing device.
[Explanation of symbols]
1, 1 '... hub wheel
1a, 5a ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Inner rolling surface
1b, 1b '... Small diameter step
2 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Double row rolling bearing
3 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Constant velocity universal joint
4 ... Wheel mounting flange
4a ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ hub bolt
5 .... Inner ring
6 ... Inward member
・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ External member
7a ..... Body mounting flange
7b ..... Outside rolling surface
8 ... rolling element
9 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Cage
10, 11, ... Seal
12, 18, ... Outer joint member
13 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Cup
13a ... Track groove
14, 19 ... shoulder
14a, 16a, 19a ... end face
15 ... End cap
16 ........... caulking part
17 ············· Large diameter part
20 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Guide part
21 ..... Joint part
21a ..... convex part
21b ............ Recess
51, 72 ... hub wheel
51a, 56a, 72a, 74a ・ Inner rolling surface
51b ... Small diameter step
52, 70 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Double-row rolling bearing
53 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Constant velocity universal joint
54 ..... Outer joint member
55, 73 ......... Outer member
55a, 73a, ... Outer rolling surface
55b ... Body mounting flange
56, 74 ..... Inner ring
57, 75
58 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Seal
59 ... Wheel mounting flange
60, 66 ... Serration
61 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ hub bolt
62 ........... caulking part
63 ... Cup part
64 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Shoulder
65 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Stem
67 ......... Male thread
68 ........... Fixing nut
71a, 72b, ... Cylindrical part
71b ... Male thread
72c ... Female thread

Claims (8)

ハブ輪と複列の転がり軸受と等速自在継手とをユニット化した駆動車輪用軸受装置であって、一端に車輪取付フランジを一体に有し、外周に前記複列の転がり軸受の一方の内側転走面と、この内側転走面から軸方向に延びる円筒状の小径段部が形成されたハブ輪と、前記小径段部に外嵌され、前記複列の転がり軸受の他方の内側転走面が形成された内輪とからなる内方部材と、外周に車輪取付フランジを一体に有し、内周に前記内側転走面に対向する複列の外側転走面が形成された外方部材と、これら転走面間に収容された複列の転動体とを備えた複列の転がり軸受と、カップ部と、このカップ部の底部をなす肩部を有する外側継手部材とを備えた等速自在継手とからなる駆動車輪用軸受装置において、
前記ハブ輪の小径段部の端部を径方向に塑性変形させて加締部を形成し、この加締部で前記ハブ輪に対して前記内輪を軸方向に固定すると共に、前記外側継手部材の肩部と前記ハブ輪の加締部を溶接により接合したことを特徴とする駆動車輪用軸受装置。A bearing device for a driving wheel in which a hub wheel, a double row rolling bearing and a constant velocity universal joint are unitized, having a wheel mounting flange integrally at one end, and one inner side of the double row rolling bearing on the outer periphery A rolling ring, a hub wheel formed with a cylindrical small-diameter step extending in the axial direction from the inner rolling surface, and the other inner rolling of the double-row rolling bearing that is externally fitted to the small-diameter step. An inner member composed of an inner ring with a surface formed thereon, and an outer member formed integrally with a wheel mounting flange on the outer periphery and formed with a double row outer rolling surface facing the inner rolling surface on the inner periphery. And a double-row rolling bearing provided with a double-row rolling element accommodated between the rolling surfaces, a cup portion, and an outer joint member having a shoulder portion forming the bottom of the cup portion, etc. In a drive wheel bearing device composed of a speed universal joint,
The end of the small-diameter step portion of the hub ring is plastically deformed in the radial direction to form a crimped portion, and the crimped portion fixes the inner ring in the axial direction with respect to the hub wheel, and the outer joint member A bearing device for a drive wheel, wherein a shoulder portion of the hub and a caulking portion of the hub wheel are joined by welding. 前記肩部の端面と前記加締部の端面のうち、少なくとも前記肩部の端面をフラットに形成した請求項１に記載の駆動車輪用軸受装置。2. The drive wheel bearing device according to claim 1, wherein at least an end surface of the shoulder portion is formed flat among an end surface of the shoulder portion and an end surface of the caulking portion. 前記外側継手部材の肩部を中空に形成した請求項１または２に記載の駆動車輪用軸受装置。The drive wheel bearing device according to claim 1, wherein a shoulder portion of the outer joint member is formed hollow. 前記小径段部の内径に、塑性変形による縮径分を許容するための大径部を形成すると共に、前記肩部から軸方向に延びるガイド部を突設し、このガイド部を前記小径段部の大径部を越えて内嵌した請求項１乃至３いずれかに記載の駆動車輪用軸受装置。A large-diameter portion for allowing a reduction in diameter due to plastic deformation is formed on the inner diameter of the small-diameter step portion, and a guide portion extending in the axial direction from the shoulder portion is provided so as to protrude from the small-diameter step portion. The drive wheel bearing device according to claim 1, wherein the drive wheel bearing device is fitted over the large diameter portion. 前記ハブ輪の外周面に、シールランド部、内側転走面および小径段部に亙って高周波誘導加熱による焼入れにより、表面硬さを５４〜６４ＨＲＣの範囲に硬化層を形成すると共に、前記小径段部の端部を未焼入れ部とした請求項１乃至４いずれかに記載の駆動車輪用軸受装置。On the outer peripheral surface of the hub wheel, a hardened layer is formed in the range of 54 to 64 HRC by quenching by high frequency induction heating over the seal land portion, the inner rolling surface and the small diameter step portion, and the small diameter The drive wheel bearing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein an end portion of the step portion is an unquenched portion. ハブ輪と複列の転がり軸受と等速自在継手とをユニット化する駆動車輪用軸受装置の製造方法であって、一端に車輪取付フランジを一体に有し、外周に前記複列の転がり軸受の一方の内側転走面と、この内側転走面から軸方向に延びる円筒状の小径段部が形成されたハブ輪と、前記小径段部に外嵌され、前記複列の転がり軸受の他方の内側転走面が形成された内輪とからなる内方部材と、外周に車輪取付フランジを一体に有し、内周に前記内側転走面に対向する複列の外側転走面が形成された外方部材と、これら転走面間に収容された複列の転動体とを備えた複列の転がり軸受と、カップ部と、このカップ部の底部をなす肩部を有する外側継手部材とを備えた等速自在継手とをユニット化する駆動車輪用軸受装置の製造方法において、
前記ハブ輪の小径段部の端部を径方向に塑性変形させ、その端面がフラットになるように加締部を形成し、この加締部で前記ハブ輪に対して前記内輪を軸方向に固定すると共に、前記外側継手部材と前記ハブ輪とを芯合わせした状態で衝合させ、溶接により前記肩部と前記加締部を接合したことを特徴とする駆動車輪用軸受装置の製造方法。A manufacturing method of a bearing device for a drive wheel in which a hub wheel, a double row rolling bearing, and a constant velocity universal joint are unitized, and a wheel mounting flange is integrally formed at one end, and the double row rolling bearing is formed on an outer periphery. One inner rolling surface, a hub wheel formed with a cylindrical small-diameter step portion extending in the axial direction from the inner rolling surface, and the other of the double-row rolling bearing that is externally fitted to the small-diameter step portion. An inner member composed of an inner ring formed with an inner rolling surface and a wheel mounting flange integrally formed on the outer periphery, and a double row outer rolling surface facing the inner rolling surface was formed on the inner periphery. A double row rolling bearing comprising an outer member and a double row rolling element housed between the rolling surfaces; a cup portion; and an outer joint member having a shoulder portion forming the bottom of the cup portion. In the manufacturing method of the bearing device for a drive wheel which unitizes the provided constant velocity universal joint,
The end of the small-diameter step portion of the hub ring is plastically deformed in the radial direction, and a crimped portion is formed so that the end surface is flat, and the inner ring is axially moved with respect to the hub wheel by the crimped portion. A method for producing a bearing device for a drive wheel, characterized in that the outer joint member and the hub wheel are abutted in a state of being aligned and the shoulder portion and the caulking portion are joined by welding. 前記外側継手部材の肩部の端面に環状の凹凸部からなる接合部を形成し、高速パルス方式によるプロジェクション溶接で前記肩部と前記加締部を接合した請求項６に記載の駆動車輪用軸受装置の製造方法。The drive wheel bearing according to claim 6, wherein a joint portion formed of an annular concavo-convex portion is formed on an end surface of the shoulder portion of the outer joint member, and the shoulder portion and the caulking portion are joined by projection welding by a high-speed pulse method. Device manufacturing method. 前記外側継手部材を肌焼き鋼で形成し、浸炭焼入れによりその表面に所定の硬化層を形成すると共に、少なくとも前記肩部に、防浸炭あるいは浸炭焼入れ後に浸炭層を除去して非硬化層を形成した請求項６または７に記載の駆動車輪用軸受装置の製造方法。The outer joint member is made of case-hardened steel, and a predetermined hardened layer is formed on the surface thereof by carburizing and quenching, and at least the shoulder portion is carburized or carburized and quenched to form a non-hardened layer. The manufacturing method of the bearing apparatus for drive wheels of Claim 6 or 7.
JP2003202339A 2003-07-28 2003-07-28 Drive wheel bearing device and manufacturing method thereof Expired - Fee Related JP4115352B2 (en)

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