JP2004303695A - High temperature body housing device - Google Patents

High temperature body housing device Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004303695A
JP2004303695A JP2003098200A JP2003098200A JP2004303695A JP 2004303695 A JP2004303695 A JP 2004303695A JP 2003098200 A JP2003098200 A JP 2003098200A JP 2003098200 A JP2003098200 A JP 2003098200A JP 2004303695 A JP2004303695 A JP 2004303695A
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Prior art keywords
temperature body
temperature
body storage
storage device
reactor
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JP2003098200A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Masahiro Kuwata
正弘 桑田
Hirosuke Sato
裕輔 佐藤
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Toshiba Corp
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Toshiba Corp
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Priority to JP2003098200A priority Critical patent/JP2004303695A/en
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a high temperature body housing device capable of reducing the thickness and the size, having large heat insulating effect. <P>SOLUTION: The high temperature body housing device 1 houses a high temperature body 23 in a cabinet 5 having limited height. A wall part 5 of a high-temperature body housing case 13 formed into flat shape corresponding to the thickness of the cabinet 5 is formed into a dual structure provided with a vacuum hollow part 17 inside, an opening part 19 is formed on a side face orthogonally crossing the flattened direction of the high temperature body housing case 13, and an radiation suppressing layer 21 composed of a low radiation rate member is provided in the inner face of the hollow part 17. The depth of a housing part 11 of the high temperature body housing case 13 is constituted so as to become longer than the length of the high temperature body 23 housed in the housing part 11. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、例えばノートパソコン，デジカメ，ハンディカメラ（ハンディカム）などのごとき小型の電子機器に適用される燃料電池システムにおける改質器や燃料電池等の高温体を収納する高温体収納装置に係り、さらに詳細には、発熱体の発熱による高温が外部へ伝達されることを効果的に抑制することのできる高温体収納装置に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来、例えばノートパソコン等のごとき小型の電子機器に燃料電池システムを適用する場合、小型化を図ると共に燃料電池や改質器の発熱による高温が電子機器や外部へ伝達されないようにするために、断熱材によって前記燃料電池や改質器等の高温体を囲繞する必要がある。換言すれば断熱材のケース内に高温体を収納する必要がある。
【０００３】
なお、燃料電池スタックを真空断熱容器内に収納する構成も開発されている（例えば特許文献１参照）。
【０００４】
【特許文献１】
特開平８−１３８７２１号公報
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
前述したように、断熱材のケース内に高温体を収納する構成においては、電子機器等に対して悪影響のないように充分に断熱するには断熱材を比較的厚くしなければならず、全体的構成の小型化，薄型化を図る上において問題がある。
【０００６】
また、前記特許文献１に記載されているように、釣り鐘状の真空断熱容器によって燃料電池スタックを覆う構造においては、真空断熱容器による断熱効果は得られるものの、小型の電子機器に対応するように小型化，薄型化を図る上において問題がある。
【０００７】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、前述したごとき従来の問題に鑑みてなされたもので、請求項１に係る発明は、厚さ制限を有する筐体内において高温体を収納する高温体収納装置であって、前記筐体の厚さに対応して偏平状に形成した高温体収納ケースの壁部を、内部に真空の中空部を備えた二重構造に構成すると共に、当該高温体収納ケースの偏平方向に対して直交する方向の側面に開口部を形成した構成である。
【０００８】
請求項２に係る発明は、請求項１に記載の高温体収納装置において、前記中空部の内面に、輻射率の低い部材よりなる輻射抑制層を備えている構成である。
【０００９】
請求項３に係る発明は、請求項１又は２に記載の高温体収納装置において、前記高温体収納ケースにおける収納部の深さは、当該収納部に収納した高温体の長さよりも大きい構成である。
【００１０】
請求項４に係る発明は、請求項３に記載の高温体収納装置において、前記高温体と高温体収納ケースの開口部との間に断熱材を配置した構成である。
【００１１】
請求項５に係る発明は、請求項１，３又は４に記載の高温体収納装置において、前記高温体収納ケースにおける前記開口部付近の内壁部を、熱伝導性の低い材料により構成してある。
【００１２】
請求項６に係る発明は、請求項１〜５のいずれかに記載の高温体収納装置において、高温体収納ケース内の奥の側に高温側リアクタを配置し、前記高温体収納ケース内の開口部側に低温側リアクタを配置した構成である。
【００１３】
請求項７に係る発明は、請求項６に記載の高温体収納装置において、前記高温側リアクタと前記低温側リアクタとの間及び前記低温側リアクタと前記開口部との間に断熱材を配置すると共に、前記高温側リアクタと前記高温体収納ケースの内面との間及び前記低温側リアクタと前記高温体収納ケースの内面との間に、伝熱アシスト材を介在した構成である。
【００１４】
請求項８に係る発明は、請求項６又は７に記載の高温体収納装置において、前記高温側リアクタと前記低温側リアクタはそれぞれ改質器、ＣＯ処理反応器、燃料電池、燃料気化器の中から選ばれる少なくとも１種類以上の反応器により構成される。
【００１５】
請求項９に係る発明は、厚さ制限を有する筐体内において高温体を収納する高温体収納装置であって、前記筐体の厚さに対応して偏平状に形成した高温体収納ケースの壁部を、内部に真空の中空部を備えた二重構造に構成すると共に、当該高温体収納ケースの偏平方向に対して直交する方向の側面の複数箇所に開口部を形成した構成である。
【００１６】
【発明の実施の形態】
図１を参照するに、図１には、本発明の実施形態に係る高温体収納装置１を、例えばノートパソコン等のごとき小型の電子機器３に適用される燃料電池の筐体５内に内装した場合の構成について概念的，概略的に例示してある。
【００１７】
燃料電池システムとしては種々の構成があるが、例えばＤＭＥ（ジメチルエーテル）又はメタノールを改質して燃料電池の燃料とする構成においては、燃料タンク７，改質器（図１には図示省略），ＣＯ処理反応器（図示省略），燃料電池９及び触媒燃焼器（図示省略）を備えた構成が一般的である。前記燃料電池システムにおいて、燃料電池９，触媒燃焼器は発熱反応を伴うリアクタ（反応器）であり、発熱体である。改質器においてはメタノールを改質する方法として水蒸気改質の場合は吸熱反応であり、部分酸化改質の場合は発熱反応であり、このように発熱を伴う反応の場合には改質器は発熱体を構成するものである。
【００１８】
前記改質器は、原料より水素含有ガスを生成させる改質反応を行う反応器である。
【００１９】
前記燃料としてはメタノール、エタノール等のアルコール類、ジメチルエーテル（ＤＭＥ）等のエーテル類、都市ガス、プロパン、プタン等の炭化水素系燃料である。
【００２０】
特にメタノール、ＤＭＥは改質温度が低く小型化に望ましい。
【００２１】
前記ＣＯ処理反応器はＣＯシフト反応、選択メタネーション反応、選択酸化反応の少なくとも１つを行う反応器あるいは水素分離半透膜である。
【００２２】
ＣＯシフト反応の反応式は
ＣＯ＋Ｈ２Ｏ → ＣＯ２＋Ｈ２
選択メタネーションの反応式は
ＣＯ＋３Ｈ２ → ＣＨ４＋Ｈ２Ｏ
選択酸化反応の反応式は
２ＣＯ＋Ｏ２ → ２ＣＯ２
である。
【００２３】
小型の電子機器３に適用する燃料電池システムとしては、電子機器３内に内装して使用する構成又は電子機器３の筐体外面に取付けて使用する構成の場合であつても、前記電子機器３の厚さ（薄さ）に対応して薄く、小型に構成するものである。すなわち、燃料電池システムを内装した前記筐体５は、可能な限り薄型化，小型化することが望まれており、厚さ制限を有するものである。
【００２４】
したがって、燃料電池システムにおける発熱体や改質反応に高温を要する反応器等を収納するための前記高温体収納装置１は、前記筐体５の厚さ（薄さ）に対応して偏平状に形成してある。より詳細には、前記高温体収納装置１は、図２に示すように、高温体（必ずしも発熱するとは限らず、高温を要する反応器をも含むものである）を収納する収納部１１を備えた高温体収納ケース１３により構成してある。前記高温を要する反応器としては、例えばジメチルエーテルを触媒により改質するには約３００℃〜４００℃の高温が必要であり、このように、高温を要する反応器も収納ケース１３に収納する必要がある。前記高温体収納ケース１３の壁部１５は、内壁部１５Ａと外壁部１５Ｂの間に真空の中空部１７を備えた二重構造に構成してある。
【００２５】
すなわち、前記高温体収納ケース１３は、厚さ方向（図２において上下方向）の寸法は、当該高温体収納ケース１３の幅方向（図２において紙面に垂直な方向）の寸法及び奥行き方向（図２においての左右方向）の寸法よりも小さく、全体的構成として偏平状に構成してある。なお、偏平状の構成としては、前記厚さ方向の寸法と幅方向の寸法は奥行き方向の寸法よりも小さく互いに等しい場合も含まれるものである。
【００２６】
前記高温体収納ケース１３における前記収納部１１内に発熱体等の高温体を収納するために、前記収納部１１の開口部１９は、高温体収納ケース１３の厚さ方向（偏平方向）に対して直交する方向であって前記奥行き方向の一方側に形成してある。
【００２７】
したがって、前記高温体収納ケース１３における前記収納部１１の奥側すなわち前記開口部１９と反対側で収納部１１の奥深い側に高温体を収納すると、高温体の熱は前記中空部１７のなす真空断熱層によって断熱されることとなり、前記内壁部１５Ａから外壁部１５Ｂへの伝熱を効果的に防止できるものである。
【００２８】
既に理解されるように、高温体収納ケース１３すなわち高温体収納装置１は、偏平状に薄い構成とするために、壁部１５を薄く形成した構成であっても、断熱効果が大きなものであり、高温体収納装置１内の発熱体が高温になった場合であっても、当該高温体収納装置１を内装した筐体５への伝熱を効果的に防止できるものである。
【００２９】
前記中空部１７内を真空にして真空断熱層を構成することによって前記内壁部１５Ａから外壁部１５Ｂへの伝熱を小さくすることができ、さらに、前記中空部１７内の内面に全面的に亘って輻射率の低い部材、例えば銀などをメッキして輻射抑制層２１を備えることにより、輻射熱による伝熱を少なくすることができ、伝熱をより効果的に抑制できるものである。
【００３０】
したがって、高温体を内装した高温体収納ケース１３を前記筐体５内に配置した構成であって、高温体収納ケース１３の外表面が前記筐体５の内面に接触したような構成であっても、前記高温体の熱エネルギーが筐体５に伝熱することを効果的に防止でき、筐体５の表面が高温になるようなことがないものである。
【００３１】
図３は、前記高温体収納ケース１３における収納部１１の奥の部分に、例えば高温で反応が進行する改質器のごとき高温側リアクタ（反応器）を高温体２３として配置し、高温反応器としての前記改質器（高温体）に対する燃料供給配管２５と改質された改質ガス取出し管２７を、開口部１９に配置した構成を示すものである。
【００３２】
上記構成においては、高温体収納ケース１３における収納部１１の深さ寸法（図３において左右方向の寸法）は前記高温体２３の長さ寸法よりも大きいものである。したがって、前記高温体２３からの伝熱は、中空部１７よりなる真空断熱層によって効果的に防止されると共に、高温体２３から収納部１１の開口部１９までの距離が長いことにより、高温体収納ケース１３における内壁部１５Ａから外壁部１５Ｂへの伝熱距離が長くなり、真空断熱層による断熱性能が向上するものである。
【００３３】
図４は、図３に例示した前記構成においての変形例を示すもので、高温体２３と収納部１１の開口部１９との間に断熱材２９を配置した構成を示すものである。このような構成にすることにより、収納部１１内において、開口部１９と高温体２３との間の空気の流れ（熱対流）を防止でき、熱対流により開口部１９からの放熱を小さくすることができるものである。
【００３４】
図５は、図３に示した前記構成においての変形例を示すもので、高温体収納ケース１３における収納部１１の開口部１９付近の内壁部１５Ａを、熱伝導性の低い材料により熱遮断壁３１に構成したものである。このような構成とすることにより、内壁部１５Ａから外壁部１５Ｂへの伝熱を効果的に防止でき、高温体収納ケース１３による断熱効果をより良くするものである。なお、前記熱遮断壁３１の内部に断熱材２９を配置することにより、断熱効果をより向上することができるものである。
【００３５】
図６は、高温体収納ケース１３における収納部１１内に高温側リアクタ３３と低温側リアクタ３５とを収納した場合を例示するものである。すなわち、前記高温側リアクタ３３として、高温で適する反応条件となる改質器や発熱反応を行う例えば触媒燃焼器を採用し、低温側リアクタ３５として例えばＣＯ処理反応器や燃料気化器を採用し、高温側リアクタ３３での触媒燃焼器の発熱を高温側のリアクタの触媒燃焼器以外の反応器や低温側リアクタ３５で利用する構成である。
【００３６】
より詳細には、高温体収納ケース１３における収納部１１の奥の側に前記高温側リアクタ３３を配置し、前記収納部１１の開口部１９側に前記低温側リアクタ３５を配置した構成である。そして、前記高温側リアクタ３３と低温側リアクタ３５との間に適切な伝熱度，厚さの断熱材３７が介在してあると共に、前記低温側リアクタ３５と開口部１９との間には断熱材３９が配置してある。
【００３７】
前記断熱材３７は、前記低温側リアクタ３５において必要な熱エネルギーを前記高温側リアクタ３３からの伝熱で補うことを許容するものであって、一種の熱伝導制御部材をなすものである。前記断熱材３９は、前述した断熱材２９と同様に熱対流等を防止する機能を有するものである。なお、前記高温側リアクタ３３及び低温側リアクタ３５には、それぞれ燃料供給管４１と反応ガス、例えば改質ガスや水素の燃焼ガス（水蒸気）等を取出す反応ガス取出し管４３とがそれぞれ別個に接続してある。
【００３８】
上記構成により、高温側リアクタ３３においての発熱反応により発生した熱を低温側リアクタ３５において利用することができるものの、高温側リアクタ３３及び低温側リアクタ３５の配置関係に起因して、高温側リアクタ３３及び低温側リアクタ３５にそれぞれ温度分布の差（温度勾配）を生じることがある。
【００３９】
そこで、前記高温側リアクタ３３及び低温側リアクタ３５の外周面と前記高温体収納ケース１３における内壁部１５Ａの内周面との間に、熱伝導の大きな部材よりなる伝熱アシスト材４５が介在してある。上記伝熱アシスト材４５は、前記高温側リアクタ３３及び低温側リアクタ３５の周面（前記収納部１１の長手方向の軸心回りの周面）に全面的に配置してもよいし、偏平方向（厚さ方向）に直交する向きに直線的に配置しても良い。
【００４０】
したがって、前記高温側リアクタ３３においての反応熱は、高温側リアクタ３３の周面全体から伝熱アシスト材４５を介して高温側リアクタ３３の周面へ全面的に伝熱される。また、低温側リアクタ３５の周面に配置した伝熱アシスト材４５を介して低温側リアクタ３５の周面へ全面的に伝熱される。よって、高温側リアクタ３３と低温側リアクタ３５との配置関係等に起因する温度勾配は小さくなり、高温側リアクタ３３においての発熱反応による発熱を低温側リアクタ３５において効果的に利用することができるものである。
【００４１】
図７は、前記高温体収納ケース１３における収納部１１内に、高温体としての改質器４７又は燃料電池４９の一方又は両方を内装した場合を概略的，概念的に示すものである。この構成によれば、改質器４７又は燃料電池４９の一方又は両方から外部へ熱が逃げることを抑制でき、改質の効率及び／又は発電効率を向上することができるものである。なお、上記構成においても、開口部に前記断熱材２９と同様の断熱材を、また複数の反応器が内装された場合には、必要に応じて反応器と反応器との間に前記断熱材３７と同様の断熱材を設けることが望ましいものである。
【００４２】
図８は、高温体収納ケース１３における対向位置にそれぞれ開口部１９を設けて、高温体収納ケース１３を筒状に構成した場合を例示するものである。この構成によれば、高温体収納ケース１３内に配置した高温体としての高温側リアクタ３３に対して両方の開口部１９に燃料供給管２５及び改質ガス取出し管２７を配置することができる。よって、高温側リアクタ３３が例えば改質器の場合には能率の良い改質を行うことができるものである。なお、上記構成においても、両方の開口部１９に断熱材２９を設けることが望ましいものである。
【００４３】
再び図１を参照するに、前記燃料電池システムとして、前記高温体収納装置１内に反応器として触媒燃焼器、改質器、ＣＯ処理反応器、燃料気化器の少なくとも１つ以上より構成されるとした場合、前記燃料タンク７と高温体収納装置１とを接続した配管５１は前記触媒燃焼器及び前記改質器に対して燃料（例えばＤＭＥ）を供給するためのものである。そして、前記高温体収納装置１と燃料電池９とを接続した一方の配管５３は改質ガスを燃料電池９へ供給するためのものであり、他方の配管５５は、燃料電池９において未反応のＨ２ 等を触媒燃焼器へ供給するためのものである。さらに、前記燃料電池９と前記電子機器３とを接続した配管５７は電力供給用の配線である。
【００４４】
なお、上記構成においては、燃料電池９を高温体収納装置１の外部に配置した構成にて例示してあるが、上記燃料電池９を別個の高温体収納装置内に配置する構成とすることもできるものである。すなわち、複数の高温体収納装置を設けて、燃料電池システムにおいての各種高温体を高温体収納装置に収納することも可能なものである。
【００４５】
したがって、厚さ制限を有する電子機器３に適用すべく燃料電池システムの筐体を薄型化，小型化した場合であっても、高温体収納装置の断熱効果が大きく、前記筐体が高温体によって直接的に加熱されることを効果的に防止できるものである。
【００４６】
【発明の効果】
以上のごとき説明より理解されるように、本発明によれば、高温体収納装置を薄型化，小型化した場合であって、高温体収納装置内の高温体が高温になった場合であっても、外部への伝熱を効果的に防止できるものである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の実施形態に係る高温体収納装置を、小型の電子機器の電源としての燃料電池システムに適用した場合を概略的，概念的に示した斜視説明図である。
【図２】高温体収納ケースの断面説明図である。
【図３】高温体収納ケース内に高温体を収納した場合の一例を示す説明図である。
【図４】図３に例示した構成の変形例を示す説明図である。
【図５】図３に例示した構成の変形例を示す説明図である。
【図６】高温体収納ケース内に高温側リアクタと低温側リアクタとを収納した場合を例示した説明図である。
【図７】高温体収納ケース内に高温側リアクタと低温側リアクタとして、改質器、ＣＯ処理反応器、燃料電池、燃料気化器が選ばれる１種以上の反応器を収納した場合を例示した説明図である。
【図８】高温体収納ケースの両側に開口部を設けた場合を例示した説明図である。
【符号の説明】
１ 高温体収納装置
３ 電子機器
５ 筐体
７ 燃料タンク
９ 燃料電池
１１ 収納部
１３ 高温体収納ケース
１５ 壁部
１５Ａ 内壁部
１５Ｂ 外壁部
１７ 中空部
１９ 開口部
２１ 輻射抑制層
２３ 高温体（高温リアクタ）
２９，３７，３９ 断熱材
３１ 熱遮断壁
３３ 高温側リアクタ
３５ 低温側リアクタ
５１，５３，５５，５７ 配管[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a high-temperature body storage device for storing a high-temperature body such as a reformer or a fuel cell in a fuel cell system applied to a small electronic device such as a notebook personal computer, a digital camera, a handy camera (handycam), and the like. More specifically, the present invention relates to a high-temperature body storage device capable of effectively suppressing transmission of high temperature due to heat generated by a heating element to the outside.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, for example, when applying a fuel cell system to a small electronic device such as a notebook personal computer, in order to reduce the size and to prevent high temperature due to heat generated by the fuel cell and the reformer from being transmitted to the electronic device and the outside, It is necessary to surround a high-temperature body such as the fuel cell and the reformer with a heat insulating material. In other words, it is necessary to store the high-temperature body in the case of the heat insulating material.
[0003]
A configuration in which the fuel cell stack is housed in a vacuum heat-insulated container has also been developed (for example, see Patent Document 1).
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-8-138721
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, in the configuration in which the high-temperature body is housed in the case of the heat insulating material, the heat insulating material must be relatively thick in order to sufficiently insulate the electronic device and the like so as not to have an adverse effect. There is a problem in reducing the size and thickness of the mechanical configuration.
[0006]
Further, as described in Patent Document 1, in a structure in which a fuel cell stack is covered by a bell-shaped vacuum heat insulating container, the heat insulating effect of the vacuum heat insulating container can be obtained, but the structure is adapted to small electronic devices. There is a problem in reducing the size and thickness.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention has been made in view of the conventional problems as described above, and the invention according to claim 1 is a high-temperature body storage device that stores a high-temperature body in a housing having a thickness limitation, The wall portion of the high-temperature body storage case formed in a flat shape corresponding to the thickness of the high-temperature body storage case has a double structure having a vacuum hollow portion therein, and is orthogonal to the flat direction of the high-temperature body storage case. This is a configuration in which an opening is formed on the side surface in the direction of movement.
[0008]
The invention according to claim 2 is the high-temperature body storage device according to claim 1, wherein an inner surface of the hollow portion is provided with a radiation suppression layer made of a member having a low emissivity.
[0009]
The invention according to claim 3 is the high-temperature body storage device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a depth of the storage section in the high-temperature body storage case is larger than a length of the high-temperature body stored in the storage section. is there.
[0010]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the high temperature body storage device according to the third aspect, a heat insulating material is disposed between the high temperature body and an opening of the high temperature body storage case.
[0011]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the high-temperature body storage device according to the first, third or fourth aspect, the inner wall near the opening in the high-temperature body storage case is made of a material having low thermal conductivity. .
[0012]
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the high-temperature body storage device according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, a high-temperature side reactor is disposed on a deep side in the high-temperature body storage case, and an opening in the high-temperature body storage case is provided. This is a configuration in which a low-temperature side reactor is arranged on the side of the unit.
[0013]
According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the high temperature body housing device according to the sixth aspect, a heat insulating material is disposed between the high temperature side reactor and the low temperature side reactor and between the low temperature side reactor and the opening. In addition, a heat transfer assist material is interposed between the high temperature side reactor and the inner surface of the high temperature body storage case and between the low temperature side reactor and the inner surface of the high temperature body storage case.
[0014]
The invention according to claim 8 is the high-temperature body storage device according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the high-temperature side reactor and the low-temperature side reactor are each a reformer, a CO processing reactor, a fuel cell, and a fuel vaporizer. And at least one reactor selected from the group consisting of:
[0015]
The invention according to claim 9 is a high-temperature body storage device for storing a high-temperature body in a housing having a thickness limitation, wherein the wall of the high-temperature body storage case is formed in a flat shape corresponding to the thickness of the housing. The high-temperature body storage case has a double structure with a vacuum hollow portion inside, and has openings at a plurality of side surfaces in a direction perpendicular to the flat direction of the high-temperature body storage case.
[0016]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 1 shows that a high-temperature body storage device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided inside a casing 5 of a fuel cell applied to a small electronic device 3 such as a notebook personal computer. This is conceptually and schematically illustrated for the configuration in the case of the above.
[0017]
There are various configurations of the fuel cell system. For example, in a configuration in which DME (dimethyl ether) or methanol is reformed and used as fuel for the fuel cell, the fuel tank 7, a reformer (not shown in FIG. 1), A general configuration includes a CO processing reactor (not shown), a fuel cell 9, and a catalytic combustor (not shown). In the fuel cell system, the fuel cell 9 and the catalytic combustor are reactors (reactors) that generate an exothermic reaction, and are heating elements. In the reformer, the method of reforming methanol is an endothermic reaction in the case of steam reforming, and an exothermic reaction in the case of partial oxidation reforming. It constitutes a heating element.
[0018]
The reformer is a reactor that performs a reforming reaction for generating a hydrogen-containing gas from a raw material.
[0019]
Examples of the fuel include alcohols such as methanol and ethanol, ethers such as dimethyl ether (DME), and hydrocarbon fuels such as city gas, propane, and butane.
[0020]
In particular, methanol and DME have low reforming temperatures and are desirable for miniaturization.
[0021]
The CO treatment reactor is a reactor for performing at least one of a CO shift reaction, a selective methanation reaction, and a selective oxidation reaction or a hydrogen separation semipermeable membrane.
[0022]
The reaction formula of the CO shift reaction is CO + H2O → CO2 + H2
The reaction formula of the selected methanation is CO + 3H2 → CH4 + H2O
The reaction formula of the selective oxidation reaction is 2CO + O2 → 2CO2
It is.
[0023]
The fuel cell system applied to the small-sized electronic device 3 has a structure in which the electronic device 3 is used inside the electronic device 3 or is mounted on the outer surface of the housing of the electronic device 3. It is configured to be thin and small in accordance with the thickness (thinness) of. That is, it is desired that the housing 5 in which the fuel cell system is installed is made as thin and small as possible, and has a thickness limitation.
[0024]
Therefore, the high-temperature element storage device 1 for storing a heating element or a reactor requiring a high temperature for the reforming reaction in the fuel cell system has a flat shape corresponding to the thickness (thinness) of the housing 5. It is formed. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the high-temperature body storage device 1 includes a high-temperature body including a storage unit 11 for storing a high-temperature body (not necessarily generating heat and including a reactor requiring a high temperature). It is constituted by a body storage case 13. As the reactor requiring high temperature, for example, a high temperature of about 300 ° C. to 400 ° C. is required to reform dimethyl ether with a catalyst, and thus the reactor requiring high temperature also needs to be stored in the storage case 13. is there. The wall portion 15 of the high-temperature body storage case 13 has a double structure having a vacuum hollow portion 17 between the inner wall portion 15A and the outer wall portion 15B.
[0025]
That is, the dimension of the high-temperature body storage case 13 in the thickness direction (vertical direction in FIG. 2) is the dimension in the width direction (the direction perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG. 2) of the high-temperature body storage case 13 and the depth direction (FIG. 2 is smaller than the dimension in the left-right direction of FIG. The flat configuration includes the case where the dimension in the thickness direction and the dimension in the width direction are smaller than the dimension in the depth direction and are equal to each other.
[0026]
In order to store a high-temperature body such as a heating element in the storage section 11 of the high-temperature body storage case 13, the opening 19 of the storage section 11 is positioned with respect to the thickness direction (flat direction) of the high-temperature body storage case 13. And is formed on one side of the depth direction in a direction orthogonal to the above.
[0027]
Therefore, when the high-temperature body is stored in the high-temperature body storage case 13 on the deep side of the storage section 11, that is, on the side opposite to the opening 19, that is, on the deep side of the storage section 11, the heat of the high-temperature body is It is insulated by the heat insulating layer, so that heat transfer from the inner wall portion 15A to the outer wall portion 15B can be effectively prevented.
[0028]
As already understood, the high-temperature body storage case 13, that is, the high-temperature body storage device 1, has a large heat-insulating effect even if the wall portion 15 is formed thin in order to make it flat and thin. Even if the heating element in the high-temperature body storage device 1 becomes high in temperature, it is possible to effectively prevent heat transfer to the housing 5 in which the high-temperature body storage device 1 is installed.
[0029]
By forming a vacuum heat insulating layer by evacuating the inside of the hollow portion 17, the heat transfer from the inner wall portion 15 </ b> A to the outer wall portion 15 </ b> B can be reduced. By providing a radiation-suppressing layer 21 by plating a member having a low emissivity, for example, silver or the like, heat transfer due to radiant heat can be reduced, and heat transfer can be more effectively suppressed.
[0030]
Therefore, the configuration is such that the high-temperature body storage case 13 containing the high-temperature body therein is disposed in the housing 5, and the outer surface of the high-temperature body storage case 13 is in contact with the inner surface of the housing 5. Also, it is possible to effectively prevent the thermal energy of the high-temperature body from being transferred to the housing 5 and prevent the surface of the housing 5 from becoming hot.
[0031]
FIG. 3 shows that a high-temperature side reactor (reactor) such as a reformer in which a reaction proceeds at a high temperature is disposed as a high-temperature body 23 in a deep portion of the storage section 11 in the high-temperature body storage case 13. This shows a configuration in which a fuel supply pipe 25 and a reformed reformed gas take-out pipe 27 for the reformer (high-temperature body) are disposed in an opening 19.
[0032]
In the above configuration, the depth dimension (the dimension in the left-right direction in FIG. 3) of the storage section 11 in the high-temperature body storage case 13 is larger than the length dimension of the high-temperature body 23. Therefore, the heat transfer from the high-temperature body 23 is effectively prevented by the vacuum heat insulating layer formed of the hollow portion 17, and the distance between the high-temperature body 23 and the opening 19 of the storage unit 11 is long. The heat transfer distance from the inner wall portion 15A to the outer wall portion 15B in the storage case 13 is increased, and the heat insulating performance of the vacuum heat insulating layer is improved.
[0033]
FIG. 4 shows a modification of the above-described configuration illustrated in FIG. 3, and shows a configuration in which a heat insulating material 29 is arranged between the high-temperature body 23 and the opening 19 of the storage unit 11. With such a configuration, the flow of air (thermal convection) between the opening 19 and the high-temperature body 23 can be prevented in the storage section 11, and heat radiation from the opening 19 can be reduced by the heat convection. Can be done.
[0034]
FIG. 5 shows a modification of the configuration shown in FIG. 3, in which the inner wall 15A near the opening 19 of the storage section 11 in the high-temperature body storage case 13 is made of a material having low thermal conductivity. 31. With such a configuration, heat transfer from the inner wall portion 15A to the outer wall portion 15B can be effectively prevented, and the heat insulating effect of the high-temperature body storage case 13 is further improved. By arranging the heat insulating material 29 inside the heat shielding wall 31, the heat insulating effect can be further improved.
[0035]
FIG. 6 illustrates a case where the high temperature side reactor 33 and the low temperature side reactor 35 are stored in the storage section 11 of the high temperature body storage case 13. That is, as the high-temperature side reactor 33, for example, a reformer having a suitable reaction condition at a high temperature or a catalytic combustor for performing an exothermic reaction is employed, and as the low-temperature side reactor 35, for example, a CO treatment reactor or a fuel vaporizer is employed. The configuration is such that heat generated by the catalytic combustor in the high-temperature side reactor 33 is used in a reactor other than the catalytic combustor of the high-temperature side reactor and in the low-temperature side reactor 35.
[0036]
More specifically, the configuration is such that the high temperature side reactor 33 is disposed on the deep side of the storage section 11 in the high temperature body storage case 13 and the low temperature side reactor 35 is disposed on the opening 19 side of the storage section 11. A heat insulating material 37 having an appropriate heat conductivity and thickness is interposed between the high temperature side reactor 33 and the low temperature side reactor 35, and a heat insulating material is provided between the low temperature side reactor 35 and the opening 19. 39 are arranged.
[0037]
The heat insulating material 37 allows the heat energy required in the low-temperature side reactor 35 to be supplemented by heat transfer from the high-temperature side reactor 33, and forms a kind of heat conduction control member. The heat insulating material 39 has a function of preventing thermal convection and the like, similarly to the heat insulating material 29 described above. The high-temperature reactor 33 and the low-temperature reactor 35 are separately connected to a fuel supply pipe 41 and a reaction gas extraction pipe 43 for extracting a reaction gas, for example, a reformed gas or a combustion gas (steam) of hydrogen. I have.
[0038]
With the above-described configuration, the heat generated by the exothermic reaction in the high-temperature side reactor 33 can be used in the low-temperature side reactor 35, but due to the positional relationship between the high-temperature side reactor 33 and the low-temperature side reactor 35, the high-temperature side reactor 33 In some cases, a difference in temperature distribution (temperature gradient) may occur between the low-temperature side reactor 35 and the low-temperature side reactor 35.
[0039]
Therefore, a heat transfer assist member 45 made of a member having a large heat conduction is interposed between the outer peripheral surfaces of the high temperature side reactor 33 and the low temperature side reactor 35 and the inner peripheral surface of the inner wall portion 15A of the high temperature body storage case 13. It is. The heat transfer assisting material 45 may be disposed entirely on the peripheral surface of the high temperature side reactor 33 and the low temperature side reactor 35 (the peripheral surface around the longitudinal axis of the storage section 11), or may be in the flat direction. They may be arranged linearly in a direction orthogonal to (thickness direction).
[0040]
Therefore, the reaction heat in the high temperature side reactor 33 is entirely transferred from the entire peripheral surface of the high temperature side reactor 33 to the peripheral surface of the high temperature side reactor 33 via the heat transfer assisting material 45. Further, the heat is entirely transferred to the peripheral surface of the low-temperature side reactor 35 via the heat transfer assist material 45 arranged on the peripheral surface of the low-temperature side reactor 35. Therefore, the temperature gradient caused by the arrangement relationship between the high-temperature side reactor 33 and the low-temperature side reactor 35 becomes small, and the heat generated by the exothermic reaction in the high-temperature side reactor 33 can be effectively used in the low-temperature side reactor 35. It is.
[0041]
FIG. 7 schematically and conceptually shows a case in which one or both of the reformer 47 and the fuel cell 49 as a high-temperature body are housed in the storage section 11 of the high-temperature body storage case 13. According to this configuration, heat can be prevented from escaping from one or both of the reformer 47 and the fuel cell 49 to the outside, and the reforming efficiency and / or the power generation efficiency can be improved. In the above-described configuration, the same heat insulating material as the heat insulating material 29 is provided in the opening, and if a plurality of reactors are installed, the heat insulating material may be interposed between the reactors as necessary. It is desirable to provide the same heat insulating material as 37.
[0042]
FIG. 8 exemplifies a case in which openings 19 are provided at opposing positions in the high-temperature body storage case 13 and the high-temperature body storage case 13 is formed in a cylindrical shape. According to this configuration, the fuel supply pipe 25 and the reformed gas take-out pipe 27 can be arranged in both the openings 19 with respect to the high temperature side reactor 33 as the high temperature body disposed in the high temperature body storage case 13. Therefore, when the high temperature side reactor 33 is a reformer, for example, efficient reforming can be performed. In addition, also in the said structure, it is desirable to provide the heat insulating material 29 in both opening parts 19.
[0043]
Referring to FIG. 1 again, the fuel cell system includes at least one of a catalytic combustor, a reformer, a CO processing reactor, and a fuel vaporizer as a reactor in the high-temperature body storage device 1. In this case, the pipe 51 connecting the fuel tank 7 and the high-temperature body storage device 1 is for supplying fuel (for example, DME) to the catalytic combustor and the reformer. One of the pipes 53 connecting the high-temperature body storage device 1 and the fuel cell 9 is for supplying a reformed gas to the fuel cell 9, and the other pipe 55 is an unreacted part of the fuel cell 9. This is for supplying H2 and the like to the catalytic combustor. Further, a pipe 57 connecting the fuel cell 9 and the electronic device 3 is a power supply wiring.
[0044]
Note that, in the above configuration, the fuel cell 9 is illustrated outside the high-temperature body storage device 1, but the fuel cell 9 may be disposed inside a separate high-temperature body storage device. You can do it. That is, it is possible to provide a plurality of high-temperature body storage devices and store various high-temperature bodies in the fuel cell system in the high-temperature body storage device.
[0045]
Therefore, even if the case of the fuel cell system is made thinner and smaller to be applied to the electronic device 3 having a thickness restriction, the heat insulating effect of the high-temperature body storage device is large, and the case is formed by the high-temperature body. Direct heating can be effectively prevented.
[0046]
【The invention's effect】
As understood from the above description, according to the present invention, the case where the high-temperature body storage device is thinned and downsized, and the case where the temperature of the high-temperature body in the high-temperature body storage device becomes high. In addition, heat transfer to the outside can be effectively prevented.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective explanatory view schematically and conceptually showing a case where a high-temperature body storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied to a fuel cell system as a power source of a small electronic device.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory sectional view of a high-temperature body storage case.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a case where a high-temperature body is stored in a high-temperature body storage case.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a modification of the configuration illustrated in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a modification of the configuration illustrated in FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is an explanatory view exemplifying a case where a high-temperature side reactor and a low-temperature side reactor are stored in a high-temperature body storage case.
FIG. 7 illustrates a case where at least one reactor selected from a reformer, a CO processing reactor, a fuel cell, and a fuel vaporizer is housed as a high-temperature side reactor and a low-temperature side reactor in a high-temperature body storage case. FIG.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory view exemplifying a case where openings are provided on both sides of a high-temperature body storage case.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 High-temperature body storage device 3 Electronic device 5 Case 7 Fuel tank 9 Fuel cell 11 Storage section 13 High-temperature body storage case 15 Wall 15A Inner wall 15B Outer wall 17 Hollow 19 Opening 21 Radiation suppression layer 23 High-temperature body (high-temperature reactor) )
29, 37, 39 Insulation material 31 Heat insulation wall 33 High temperature side reactor 35 Low temperature side reactor 51, 53, 55, 57 Piping

Claims (9)

厚さ制限を有する筐体内において高温体を収納する高温体収納装置であって、前記筐体の厚さに対応して偏平状に形成した高温体収納ケースの壁部を、内部に真空の中空部を備えた二重構造に構成すると共に、当該高温体収納ケースの偏平方向に対して直交する方向の側面に開口部を形成したことを特徴とする高温体収納装置。A high-temperature body storage device for storing a high-temperature body in a housing having a thickness limitation, wherein a wall of a high-temperature body storage case formed in a flat shape corresponding to the thickness of the housing has a vacuum hollow inside. A high-temperature body storage device comprising a double structure having a portion, and an opening formed in a side surface of the high-temperature body storage case in a direction perpendicular to the flat direction. 請求項１に記載の高温体収納装置において、前記中空部の内面に、輻射率の低い部材よりなる輻射抑制層を備えていることを特徴とする高温体収納装置。2. The high-temperature body storage device according to claim 1, further comprising a radiation suppression layer formed of a member having a low emissivity on the inner surface of the hollow portion. 請求項１又は２に記載の高温体収納装置において、前記高温体収納ケースにおける収納部の深さは、当該収納部に収納した高温体の長さよりも大きいことを特徴とする高温体収納装置。3. The high-temperature body storage device according to claim 1, wherein a depth of the storage section in the high-temperature body storage case is greater than a length of the high-temperature body stored in the storage section. 4. 請求項３に記載の高温体収納装置において、前記高温体と高温体収納ケースの開口部との間に断熱材を配置した構成であることを特徴とする高温体収納装置。4. The high-temperature body storage device according to claim 3, wherein a heat insulating material is arranged between the high-temperature body and the opening of the high-temperature body storage case. 請求項１，３又は４に記載の高温体収納装置において、前記高温体収納ケースにおける前記開口部付近の内壁部を、熱伝導性の低い材料により構成してあることを特徴とする高温体収納装置。5. The high-temperature body storage device according to claim 1, wherein an inner wall of the high-temperature body storage case near the opening is formed of a material having low thermal conductivity. 6. apparatus. 請求項１〜５のいずれかに記載の高温体収納装置において、高温体収納ケース内の奥の側に高温側リアクタを配置し、前記高温体収納ケース内の開口部側に低温側リアクタを配置した構成であることを特徴とする高温体収納装置。The high-temperature body storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a high-temperature side reactor is disposed on a deep side in the high-temperature body storage case, and a low-temperature side reactor is disposed on an opening side in the high-temperature body storage case. A high-temperature body storage device characterized by having a configuration as described above. 請求項６に記載の高温体収納装置において、前記高温側リアクタと前記低温側リアクタとの間及び前記低温側リアクタと前記開口部との間に断熱材を配置すると共に、前記高温側リアクタと前記高温体収納ケースの内面との間及び前記低温側リアクタと前記高温体収納ケースの内面との間に、伝熱アシスト材を介在した構成であることを特徴とする高温体収納装置。7. The high-temperature body storage device according to claim 6, wherein a heat insulating material is arranged between the high-temperature side reactor and the low-temperature side reactor and between the low-temperature side reactor and the opening, and the high-temperature side reactor and the A high-temperature body storage device, wherein a heat transfer assist material is interposed between an inner surface of a high-temperature body storage case and between the low-temperature side reactor and an inner surface of the high-temperature body storage case. 請求項６又は７に記載の高温体収納装置において、前記高温側リアクタと前記低温側リアクタはそれぞれ改質器、ＣＯ処理反応器、燃料気化器、燃料電池の中から選ばれる少なくとも１種類以上の反応器であることを特徴とする高温体収納装置。8. The high-temperature body storage device according to claim 6, wherein the high-temperature side reactor and the low-temperature side reactor are at least one or more types selected from a reformer, a CO processing reactor, a fuel vaporizer, and a fuel cell, respectively. A high-temperature body storage device, which is a reactor. 厚さ制限を有する筐体内において高温体を収納する高温体収納装置であって、前記筐体の厚さに対応して偏平状に形成した高温体収納ケースの壁部を、内部に真空の中空部を備えた二重構造に構成すると共に、当該高温体収納ケースの偏平方向に対して直交する方向の側面の複数箇所に開口部を形成したことを特徴とする高温体収納装置。A high-temperature body storage device for storing a high-temperature body in a housing having a thickness limitation, wherein a wall of a high-temperature body storage case formed in a flat shape corresponding to the thickness of the housing has a vacuum hollow inside. A high-temperature body storage device comprising a double structure having a portion, and having openings formed at a plurality of locations on a side surface of the high-temperature body storage case in a direction perpendicular to the flat direction.
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