JP2004298808A - Garbage treatment apparatus - Google Patents

Garbage treatment apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004298808A
JP2004298808A JP2003097235A JP2003097235A JP2004298808A JP 2004298808 A JP2004298808 A JP 2004298808A JP 2003097235 A JP2003097235 A JP 2003097235A JP 2003097235 A JP2003097235 A JP 2003097235A JP 2004298808 A JP2004298808 A JP 2004298808A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
crushing blade
crushing
garbage
garbage disposal
blade
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JP2003097235A
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JP4228751B2 (en
Inventor
Takashi Takayama
崇 高山
Hiroyuki Nishikawa
裕之 西川
Tetsuo Ishikawa
哲夫 石川
Takumi Harigai
工 針谷
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Max Co Ltd
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Max Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a garbage treatment apparatus which is easy in cleaning and maintenance. <P>SOLUTION: First agitation blade-fifth movable crushing blade 14, 15, 16, 17, and 18 are fitted to a cylindrical housing 13 to be unitized.The first agitation blade-fifth movable crushing blade of a crushing unit 11 are fixed to the housing by C rings 20. By detaching the C rings, the five blades are taken out from the housing to be disintegrated. By taking-out the crushing unit from the hopper of the garbage treatment apparatus, safety during the cleaning of the crushing unit can be secured, and the corners which has been difficult to be cleaned so far can be cleaned. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、厨房などで生じる生ごみを破砕する生ごみ処理装置に関するものであり、特に、メンテナンスの容易化を図った生ごみ処理装置に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
一般家庭やレストランなどにおいて生ごみを破砕する生ごみ処理装置は、ハンマーミル型とグラインダー型の二種類が知られている。ハンマーミル型生ごみ処理装置(例えば、特許文献1, 2)は、円筒形のホッパーの底部に配置した円盤上に固定ハンマー或いは揺動自在なハンマーが設けられている。ホッパーへ投入された生ごみは、円盤が回転することにより生じる遠心力でホッパーの内周面へ押し付けられ、ハンマーにより破砕されてホッパーの壁面に形成した溝、或いは円盤の外縁とホッパーの内周面との間隙から下方へ落下し、排水管へ排出される。
【0003】
グラインダー型生ごみ処理装置(例えば、特許文献3, 4)は、櫛歯形の刃を放射状に設けた回転刃と固定刃とを交互に積層してホッパー内に収容してあり、回転刃と固定刃のそれぞれの櫛歯形刃はわずかな間隙をもって噛み合っていて、回転刃が回転することにより、回転刃と固定刃の櫛歯形刃にて生ごみをはさんで破砕する。積層された回転刃と固定刃の櫛歯形刃のピッチは、下層へ行くほど細かくなっており、ホッパーへ投入された生ごみは、上層の回転刃と固定刃により先ず粗く砕かれ、下層の回転刃と固定刃によりさらに細かく破砕されて下方へ排出される。
【0004】
【特許文献1】特開2001−70818号公報
【0005】
【特許文献2】特開2002−292300号公報
【0006】
【特許文献3】特表2002−521193号公報
【0007】
【特許文献4】特表2002−524233号公報
【0008】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ハンマーミル型生ごみ処理装置は、ホッパー内の生ごみを粉砕するためにハンマーを取付けた円盤を数千rpmで高速運転する設計としてあり、作動時には、生ごみがハンマーとホッパー内周面に衝突して破砕される騒音や振動及び円盤の回転音が大きいという欠点がある。
【0009】
一方、回転刃と固定刃とを交互に積層した構成のグラインダー型生ごみ処理装置は、遠心力を利用する必要がないので回転数を抑えて低騒音とすることができるが、ハンマーミル型のものもグラインダー型のものも刃やホッパー壁面及びこれらの間隙などに付着したごみや垢を放置しておくと、これらの残存物が腐敗して悪臭を発生することになるので、生ごみ処理装置及び排水管路の付着物を定期的に洗浄することが必要である。
【0010】
しかしながら、生ごみ処理装置の内部は入り組んだ構造であり、特にグラインダー型のものは複数の破砕刃が積層されているので、十分に清掃することが難しいという問題がある。そこで、清掃や点検整備などの作業が容易で清潔を維持できる低騒音型の生ごみ処理装置を提供するために解決すべき技術的課題が生じてくるのであり、本発明は上記課題を解決することを目的とする。
【0011】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この発明は、上記目的を達成するために提案するものであり、回転破砕刃を回転駆動して回転破砕刃と固定破砕刃とにより生ごみを破砕して下方へ排出する生ごみ処理装置において、上下両端が開放された筒型のハウジングに前記回転破砕刃と固定破砕刃を組付けて破砕刃ユニットを形成し、破砕刃ユニットを生ごみ処理装置のホッパーへ着脱自在としたことを特徴とする生ごみ処理装置を提供するものである。
【0012】
また、上記筒型のハウジングに複数の回転破砕刃と固定破砕刃を交互に積層して組付けた生ごみ処理装置を提供するものである。
【0013】
また、上記破砕刃ユニットは分解及び破砕刃の交換が可能である生ごみ処理装置を提供するものである。
【0014】
また、上記生ごみ処理装置の排水口または排水管路に止水栓を設け、生ごみ処理装置に水或いは洗浄液を溜めて生ごみ処理装置内を洗浄できるようにした生ごみ処理装置を提供するものである。
【0015】
また、上記破砕刃の回転方向を定期的に反転する正逆転駆動回路を備えた生ごみ処理装置を提供するものである。
【0016】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、この発明の実施の一形態を図に従って詳述する。図1は厨房設備に設置された生ごみ処理装置1を示し、2はベースフレームであり、ベースフレーム2の上にホッパー3が搭載されており、ホッパー3の上端はキッチンシンクSの穴に嵌合している。ホッパー3内には着脱式の破砕ユニット11が装填されており、破砕ユニット11の軸12の下端部は減速ギヤユニット4の駆動軸に嵌合していて、ベースフレーム2に取付けたモータ5が減速ギヤユニット4を介して破砕ユニット11の軸12を回転駆動する。
【0017】
図2はホッパー3を示し、直立円筒形の部品であって周面の下端に排水管接続口6が設けられており、ホッパー3内部には排水管接続口6へ向かって傾斜した底板7が設けられていて、底板7の中心には減速ギヤユニット4の駆動軸が通る穴8が形成されている。
【0018】
図3及び図4に示すように、破砕ユニット11は円筒形のハウジング13に第一攪拌羽根14、第二固定破砕刃15、第三可動破砕刃16、第四固定破砕刃17、第五可動破砕刃18を収容した一つのユニット構成としてあり、上記五枚の部品を下方からハウジング13へ挿入し、ハウジング13内の下端部に形成したリング溝19へCリング20を嵌めることによって破砕刃が保持される。図4に示すように、第二固定破砕刃15、第三可動破砕刃16、第四固定破砕刃17は、外周部の上下の間隙が殆どない状態で重なるように寸法設定してあり、切断された被破砕物が破砕刃の外周部の上下の間隙に入り込んで破砕ユニット11内に残ることがないようにしている。ハウジング13の外径はホッパー3の内径とほぼ等しく、ホッパー3に装填した破砕ユニット11はホッパー3の内周面で保持される。また、図3に示すハンドル23(ハウジングの上部内面に取付けられる)を持って破砕ユニット11をホッパー3から取り外すことができる。尚、21は減速ギヤユニット4の駆動軸へ連結するためのアダプター、22はワッシャである。
【0019】
破砕ユニット11の構成部品を図5乃至図10に示す。図5に示すように、ハウジング13の内周面には下端から上下中間にかけて三本の縦溝24が120度間隔で設けられており、第二固定破砕刃15と第四固定破砕刃17の外周側端部が縦溝24に係合することによって第二固定破砕刃15と第四固定破砕刃17が固定される。
【0020】
図6は最上層の第一攪拌羽根14を示し、軸12の上部から放射方向へ水平に延びる二本の羽根が設けられており、ハウジング13の内径とほぼ等しい直径のリング26によって羽根を取り囲んでいる。羽根は筒形断面のアーム部25aの下面にプレート部25bを取付けた構造であり、プレートのみの平板形状のものよりも回転時に生ごみを効率よく下方へ送るとともに、野菜などの長繊維の絡みつきやアーム部上面に生ごみが載ることを防止している。軸12の下部は方形断面の角形軸12aとなっていて第三可動破砕刃16と第五可動破砕刃18の角形軸穴が嵌合する。
【0021】
図7は第二固定破砕刃15を示し、ハブ27から120度間隔で三方へ延びるスポーク28の下面は粗いピッチの櫛歯部28aが形成されていて、スポーク28の外径はハウジング13の内径よりも大きく、三本のスポーク28の先端がそれぞれハウジング内周面の縦溝24に係合する。ハブ27の中心穴の直径は第一攪拌羽根14の角形軸12aの径よりも大きく、角形軸12aと干渉しない寸法となっており、第一攪拌羽根14、第三可動破砕刃16、第五可動破砕刃18のみが回転し、第二固定破砕刃15と後述する第四固定破砕刃17は回転しない構造となっている。
【0022】
図8は、第三可動破砕刃16を示し、ハブ29から等間隔で7方向へ延びるスポーク30をリング31が囲んでいる。スポーク30の上下両面は櫛歯形に形成されていて、上面櫛歯部30aの形状は第二固定破砕刃15の下面と噛合い対偶をなしており、図4に示すように第二固定破砕刃15の櫛歯部28aの間を第三可動破砕刃16の上面櫛歯部30aが僅かな間隙を持って通過する。下面の櫛歯部30bは上面の櫛歯部30aよりも歯のピッチが狭く、次に述べる第四固定破砕刃17の櫛歯部33aと噛合い対偶をなし、上から下に向かって破砕粒度が段階的に細かくなるようにしている。ハブ29の軸穴は角形であり、第一攪拌羽根14の角形軸12aに嵌合して第一攪拌羽根14とともに回転する。
【0023】
図9は第四固定破砕刃17を示し、ハブ32から等間隔で8方向へ延びるスポーク33の上面の櫛歯部33aは第三可動破砕刃16の下面の櫛歯部30bと噛合い対偶をなしており、図4に示すように、第三可動破砕刃16と第四固定破砕刃17を重ねると両者の櫛歯部30b,33aは僅かな間隙がある噛合い状態となる。外周のリング34には120度間隔で放射方向へ突出するタブ35が形成されていて、タブ35がハウジング13内の縦溝24に係合して第四固定破砕刃17は回転不能に固定される。スポーク33はハブ32の接線方向に形成されていて、第三可動破砕刃16が回転する際に第三可動破砕刃16と第四固定破砕刃17の噛合点が鋏のごとく半径方向に移動することにより破砕負荷のピークの抑制及び負荷の平坦化を図っている。
【0024】
スポーク33の両側面33b(回転方向の前面と後面となる縦の面)と底面との角は鋭利なエッジとなっていて、後述する第五可動破砕刃18にスポーク33の底面を擦り合わせることにより野菜などの長繊維をエッジで切断する。また、スポーク33の両側面33bは縦溝を横並びに形成した波形面となっており波形の頂点はエッジを形成している。これにより、第三可動破砕刃16との噛合時、及び次に説明する第五可動破砕刃18との摺動時に、波形面の凹部で被破砕物を捕らえて半径方向の移動を抑制し、被破砕物を確実に破砕することができる。尚、スポーク33の側面形状は波形のほかに三角波形や台形などでもよいが、波形の凹部に角がない形状のほうがごみの排出性において好ましい。また、スポーク33の一側面のみ波形として他方の側面は平坦な形状であってもよい。
【0025】
以上の各破砕刃15, 16, 17のスポーク数は、第二固定破砕刃が3本、第三可動破砕刃が7本、第四固定破砕刃が8本とそれぞれ相違しており、重なり合う破砕刃のスポーク数が相互に倍数関係とならないようにしてごみ処理動作時の破砕荷重のピークの発生を防止し、駆動負荷の平均化を図っている。
【0026】
図10は第五可動破砕刃18を示し、円盤面のハブ36を除く全面に多数のスリット37を平行に配列している。第五可動破砕刃18の上面は平面であって、図4に示すように第四固定破砕刃17の下面に接して回転する。第三可動破砕刃16と第四固定破砕刃17とにより砕かれて第五可動破砕刃18の上面に落下した生ごみはスリット37に引っかかり、第五可動破砕刃18が回転することによりスリット37のエッジと第四固定破砕刃17の底面のエッジとによって切断される。切断された生ごみはスリット37内を通って下方へ落下し、ホッパー3の傾斜底板7上を滑り落ちて排水口へ排出される。
【0027】
図10(c)に示すように、スリット37の下面側の縁は面取り加工して上面開口よりも開口面積を拡大し、スリット37内へ押し込まれた生ごみが落下しやすいようにしてある。このように、第四固定破砕刃17と第五可動破砕刃18とを面接触させて被破砕物を切断するので、野菜などの長繊維や魚介類の表皮などのように従来の生ごみ処理装置では処理しにくいものも刃に絡まったり刃と刃の間隙に詰まったりすることがなく、確実に細かく切断して排出することができる。
【0028】
図11は第五可動破砕刃18のスリット形状の変形例を示し、(a)はスリット37をハブ36の法線方向に配列しており、(b)はスリット37をハブ36の接線方向に配列している。また、(c)はインボリュート形のスリット37を設けた例であり、(d)は平行な複数のスリット37を幾つかのグループに分けてグループ相互の角度を違えたものである。
【0029】
図10の第五可動破砕刃18と図11(c)のインボリュート形スリット37の第五可動破砕刃18の利点は、スリットの本数を多くすることができることであり、これによりスリットの総エッジ長が長くなって切断効率が上がり、全体的な開口面積も大きくなって排出されるごみの流量が多いことから、処理速度が高速化する。
【0030】
また、排出されるごみの粒度をスリット37の幅によって制御できるので、スリット幅が相違する複数種類の第五可動破砕刃を用意することにより、使用現場の処理粒度要求に応じた仕様の生ごみ処理装置を提供できる。
【0031】
破砕ユニット11の駆動に関しては、ハンマーミル型の生ごみ処理装置のように高速回転させる必要はなく、200rpm以下の低回転で十分な処理速度が得られ、一例として100rpmで5秒毎に回転方向を反転するように制御することにより、低騒音且つ高効率のごみ処理が可能である。
【0032】
尚、図示は省略するが排水管接続口6或いは排水管に水栓を設ければ、破砕ユニット11およびホッパー内に洗浄液を溜めて破砕ユニット11を回転駆動して破砕ユニット11とホッパー3を洗浄することができる。このとき前述したように破砕ユニット11を正逆両方向に回転駆動することにより、破砕刃間の付着物や詰まったものを効果的に洗浄及び排出することができる。そして、ホッパー3から破砕ユニット11を取り外してホッパー3の内部および排水管路をさらに洗浄することができ、ごみの付着により悪臭発生源となりがちな生ごみ処理装置を清潔に維持することができる。
【0033】
また、破砕ユニット11はホッパー3に対して着脱自在であり、図3のごとく分解できるので、処理するごみの種類に応じて第五可動破砕刃18を別の破砕粒度の第五可動破砕刃に交換することや、磨耗した破砕刃の交換、或いは詰まった異物の除去や分解清掃なども容易に行える。したがって、前述した日常の洗浄液貯留洗浄に加えて定期的に破砕ユニット11の分解清掃を行えば、生ごみ処理装置をさらに清潔にすることができる。また、ホッパー3から破砕ユニット11を取り外すことにより、破砕ユニット11は駆動源から切り離されるので、破砕刃の交換や清掃を安全に行うことができるという利点もある。
【0034】
また、モータ駆動回路に駆動電流検出回路及び停止制御回路を設け、駆動電流が過負荷基準値以上に上昇したときにモータ5を停止するように構成することにより、ごみが詰まったり金属などの異物が挟まったりして破砕刃の回転に異常をきたし、過電流が流れたときに駆動を停止して破砕刃やモータの損傷を防止できる。また、正常作動時に一定の時間で停止するように1サイクルの動作時間をタイマー制御してもよく、或いはごみの破砕処理が終了して駆動負荷が下がり駆動電流が無負荷基準値に低下してから一定時間後にモータを停止するように制御してもよい。
【0035】
また、生ごみ処理装置の実用性を向上させる手段として、ハウジングの内面や破砕刃にフッ素系樹脂などをコーティングするかメッキ処理してごみの付着を防止したり、ハウジングや破砕刃を着磁してごみ内の金属片を吸着することにより異物の詰まりや刃の損傷を防止したりしてもよい。
【0036】
尚、この発明は上記の実施形態に限定するものではなく、この発明の技術的範囲内において種々の改変が可能であり、この発明がそれらの改変されたものに及ぶことは当然である。
【0037】
【発明の効果】
本発明の生ごみ処理装置は、上下両端が開放された筒型のハウジングに回転破砕刃と固定破砕刃を組付けて破砕刃ユニットを形成し、破砕刃ユニットを生ごみ処理装置のホッパーへ着脱自在としたので、破砕刃ユニットを取り外して破砕刃ユニット及びホッパーを清掃することができ、清掃作業が容易である。
【0038】
また、破砕刃を分解可能なユニット化したことにより、破砕粒度要求に応じた破砕刃の交換や磨耗した破砕刃の交換ができるとともに、分解することにより従来清掃が困難であった隅々まで清掃することができ、厨房の衛生維持が容易化する。
【0039】
また、生ごみ処理装置の排水口または排水管路に止水栓を設けることにより、生ごみ処理装置に水或いは洗浄液を溜めて生ごみ処理装置内を洗浄することができて、日常の清掃を容易に行える。
【0040】
また、正逆転駆動回路により破砕刃の回転方向を定期的に反転することにより、破砕刃間の付着物や異物を効果的に洗浄及び排出することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施の一形態を示し、生ごみ処理装置の正面断面図。
【図2】生ごみ処理装置のホッパーを示し、(a)は平面図、(b)は正面断面図、(c)は右側面図、(d)は底面図である。
【図3】生ごみ処理装置の破砕ユニットの組立図。
【図4】生ごみ処理装置の破砕ユニットの正面断面図。
【図5】破砕ユニットのハウジングを示し、(a)は平面図、(b)は正面断面図、(c)は底面図である。
【図6】第一攪拌羽根を示し、(a)は平面図、(b)は正面図である。
【図7】第二固定破砕刃を示し、(a)は平面図、(b)は正面図、(c)は正面断面図、(d)は底面図である。
【図8】第三可動破砕刃を示し、(a)は平面図、(b)は正面図、(c)は正面断面図、(d)は底面図である。
【図9】第四固定破砕刃を示し、(a)は平面図、(b)は正面断面図である。
【図10】第五可動破砕刃を示し、(a)は平面図、(b)は正面断面図、(c)は(b)の拡大図である。
【図11】(a)(b)(c)(d)はそれぞれ第五可動破砕刃の他の実施形態を示す平面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 生ごみ処理装置
2 ベースフレーム
3 ホッパー
6 排水管接続口
7 傾斜底板
11 破砕ユニット
12 軸
13 ハウジング
14 第一攪拌羽根
15 第二固定破砕刃
16 第三可動破砕刃
17 第四固定破砕刃
18 第五可動破砕刃
20 Cリング
23 ハンドル
25 羽根
26 リング
27 ハブ
28 スポーク
28a 櫛歯部
29 ハブ
30 スポーク
30a 櫛歯部
30b 櫛歯部
31 リング
32 ハブ
33 スポーク
33a 櫛歯部
33b 側面
34 リング
35 タブ
36 ハブ
37 スリット
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a garbage processing apparatus for crushing garbage generated in a kitchen or the like, and more particularly to a garbage processing apparatus for facilitating maintenance.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Two types of garbage disposal devices, such as a hammer mill type and a grinder type, are known for crushing garbage in general households and restaurants. In a hammer mill type garbage processing apparatus (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2), a fixed hammer or a swingable hammer is provided on a disk disposed at the bottom of a cylindrical hopper. The garbage thrown into the hopper is pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the hopper by centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the disk, and is crushed by a hammer to form grooves on the wall of the hopper, or the outer edge of the disk and the inner periphery of the hopper. It falls down from the gap with the surface and is discharged to the drain pipe.
[0003]
BACKGROUND ART A grinder-type garbage disposal device (for example, Patent Documents 3 and 4) is configured such that rotary blades and fixed blades provided with comb-shaped blades are alternately stacked and housed in a hopper, and fixed to the rotary blades. The comb-shaped blades of the blades mesh with a small gap, and when the rotary blade rotates, the garbage is crushed by the comb-shaped blade of the rotary blade and the fixed blade. The pitch of the comb-shaped blades of the stacked rotating blades and fixed blades becomes finer toward the lower layer, and the garbage put into the hopper is first coarsely crushed by the upper layer rotating blades and the fixed blade, and the lower layer is rotated. It is further crushed by the blade and the fixed blade and discharged downward.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-70818
[Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-292300
[Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2002-521193
[Patent Document 4] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2002-524233
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The hammer mill-type garbage disposal system is designed to operate a disk with a hammer at a high speed of several thousand rpm to crush the garbage in the hopper. During operation, the garbage collides with the hammer and the inner peripheral surface of the hopper. There is a drawback that the noise and vibration to be crushed and the rotating noise of the disk are large.
[0009]
On the other hand, a grinder-type garbage disposal system in which rotary blades and fixed blades are alternately stacked can reduce the number of revolutions and reduce noise because there is no need to use centrifugal force. If garbage or grime attached to the blades, hopper walls, and gaps between them, both the garbage and the grinder-type garbage are left untreated, these residues will rot and generate odors. In addition, it is necessary to periodically clean deposits on drainage pipes.
[0010]
However, the inside of the garbage disposal apparatus has a complicated structure, and in particular, a grinder-type apparatus has a problem that it is difficult to sufficiently clean it because a plurality of crushing blades are stacked. Therefore, a technical problem to be solved arises in order to provide a low-noise garbage disposal apparatus that can easily perform operations such as cleaning and inspection and maintenance and maintain cleanliness, and the present invention solves the above problem. The purpose is to:
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention has been proposed in order to achieve the above object, and in a garbage disposal apparatus that rotatively drives a rotary crushing blade and crushes garbage by the rotary crushing blade and the fixed crushing blade and discharges the garbage downward, The rotary crushing blade and the fixed crushing blade are assembled to a cylindrical housing whose upper and lower ends are open to form a crushing blade unit, and the crushing blade unit is detachably attached to a hopper of a garbage disposal apparatus. A garbage disposal device is provided.
[0012]
Another object of the present invention is to provide a garbage disposal apparatus in which a plurality of rotary crushing blades and fixed crushing blades are alternately stacked and assembled on the cylindrical housing.
[0013]
Further, the crushing blade unit provides a garbage disposal apparatus capable of disassembling and replacing the crushing blade.
[0014]
Further, the present invention provides a garbage disposal apparatus in which a water stopcock is provided at a drain port or a drainage line of the garbage disposal apparatus so that water or a cleaning liquid is stored in the garbage disposal apparatus so that the inside of the garbage disposal apparatus can be washed. Things.
[0015]
It is another object of the present invention to provide a garbage disposal apparatus provided with a forward / reverse drive circuit for periodically reversing the rotation direction of the crushing blade.
[0016]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a garbage processing apparatus 1 installed in kitchen equipment, 2 is a base frame, and a hopper 3 is mounted on the base frame 2, and the upper end of the hopper 3 fits into a hole of the kitchen sink S. I agree. A detachable crushing unit 11 is loaded in the hopper 3, and a lower end of a shaft 12 of the crushing unit 11 is fitted to a drive shaft of the reduction gear unit 4, and a motor 5 mounted on the base frame 2 is provided. The shaft 12 of the crushing unit 11 is driven to rotate via the reduction gear unit 4.
[0017]
FIG. 2 shows the hopper 3, which is an upright cylindrical component having a drain pipe connection port 6 provided at the lower end of the peripheral surface, and a bottom plate 7 inclined toward the drain pipe connection port 6 inside the hopper 3. In the center of the bottom plate 7, a hole 8 through which the drive shaft of the reduction gear unit 4 passes is formed.
[0018]
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the crushing unit 11 includes a cylindrical housing 13, a first stirring blade 14, a second fixed crushing blade 15, a third movable crushing blade 16, a fourth fixed crushing blade 17, and a fifth movable crushing blade. The crushing blade is inserted into the housing 13 from below by fitting the C ring 20 into a ring groove 19 formed at the lower end of the housing 13. Will be retained. As shown in FIG. 4, the second fixed crushing blade 15, the third movable crushing blade 16, and the fourth fixed crushing blade 17 are dimensioned so as to overlap each other with almost no upper and lower gaps in the outer peripheral portion. The crushed object is prevented from entering the upper and lower gaps on the outer peripheral portion of the crushing blade and remaining in the crushing unit 11. The outer diameter of the housing 13 is substantially equal to the inner diameter of the hopper 3, and the crushing unit 11 loaded in the hopper 3 is held on the inner peripheral surface of the hopper 3. Further, the crushing unit 11 can be removed from the hopper 3 by holding the handle 23 (attached to the upper inner surface of the housing) shown in FIG. Incidentally, 21 is an adapter for connecting to the drive shaft of the reduction gear unit 4, and 22 is a washer.
[0019]
The components of the crushing unit 11 are shown in FIGS. As shown in FIG. 5, three vertical grooves 24 are provided on the inner peripheral surface of the housing 13 from the lower end to the upper and lower middles at intervals of 120 degrees, and the second fixed crushing blade 15 and the fourth fixed crushing blade 17 are provided. The second fixed crushing blade 15 and the fourth fixed crushing blade 17 are fixed by engaging the outer peripheral end with the vertical groove 24.
[0020]
FIG. 6 shows the uppermost first stirring blade 14, which is provided with two blades extending horizontally in the radial direction from the upper part of the shaft 12 and surrounding the blade by a ring 26 having a diameter approximately equal to the inner diameter of the housing 13. In. The blades have a structure in which a plate portion 25b is attached to the lower surface of an arm portion 25a having a cylindrical cross section, so that garbage can be efficiently sent downward during rotation compared to a plate-shaped plate having only a plate, and long fibers such as vegetables are entangled. And the garbage on the upper surface of the arm is prevented. The lower portion of the shaft 12 is a square shaft 12a having a square cross section, and the square shaft holes of the third movable crushing blade 16 and the fifth movable crushing blade 18 are fitted.
[0021]
FIG. 7 shows the second fixed crushing blade 15. The lower surface of the spoke 28 extending in three directions at intervals of 120 degrees from the hub 27 is formed with a comb-teeth portion 28 a having a coarse pitch, and the outer diameter of the spoke 28 is the inner diameter of the housing 13. The tips of the three spokes 28 are engaged with the longitudinal grooves 24 on the inner peripheral surface of the housing. The diameter of the center hole of the hub 27 is larger than the diameter of the square shaft 12a of the first stirring blade 14 and is a size that does not interfere with the square shaft 12a, and the first stirring blade 14, the third movable crushing blade 16, the fifth Only the movable crushing blade 18 rotates, and the second fixed crushing blade 15 and a fourth fixed crushing blade 17 described later do not rotate.
[0022]
FIG. 8 shows the third movable crushing blade 16, in which a ring 31 surrounds spokes 30 extending from the hub 29 at equal intervals in seven directions. The upper and lower surfaces of the spoke 30 are formed in a comb shape, and the shape of the upper comb portion 30a is in mesh with the lower surface of the second fixed crushing blade 15, and as shown in FIG. The upper comb teeth 30a of the third movable crushing blade 16 pass between the fifteen comb teeth 28a with a slight gap. The lower comb teeth 30b have a narrower tooth pitch than the upper comb teeth 30a, and mesh with the comb teeth 33a of the fourth fixed crushing blade 17, which will be described below, and have a crushing particle size from top to bottom. Is gradually becoming finer. The shaft hole of the hub 29 is square and fits with the square shaft 12 a of the first stirring blade 14 and rotates together with the first stirring blade 14.
[0023]
FIG. 9 shows the fourth fixed crushing blade 17. The comb teeth 33 a on the upper surface of the spokes 33 extending in eight directions at equal intervals from the hub 32 mesh with the comb teeth 30 b on the lower surface of the third movable crushing blade 16. As shown in FIG. 4, when the third movable crushing blade 16 and the fourth fixed crushing blade 17 are overlapped, the two comb teeth portions 30b and 33a are in a meshing state with a slight gap. Tabs 35 projecting radially at intervals of 120 degrees are formed on the outer ring 34, and the tabs 35 are engaged with the vertical grooves 24 in the housing 13 so that the fourth fixed crushing blade 17 is fixed so as not to rotate. You. The spokes 33 are formed in the tangential direction of the hub 32, and when the third movable crushing blade 16 rotates, the mesh point of the third movable crushing blade 16 and the fourth fixed crushing blade 17 moves in the radial direction like scissors. Thus, the peak of the crushing load is suppressed and the load is flattened.
[0024]
The corners between the side surfaces 33b (vertical surfaces serving as the front surface and the rear surface in the rotation direction) of the spoke 33 and the bottom surface are sharp edges, and the bottom surface of the spoke 33 is rubbed against a fifth movable crushing blade 18 described later. Cuts long fibers such as vegetables at the edge. Further, both side surfaces 33b of the spokes 33 are corrugated surfaces in which vertical grooves are formed side by side, and the vertices of the corrugations form edges. Thereby, at the time of engagement with the third movable crushing blade 16 and sliding with the fifth movable crushing blade 18, which will be described below, the crushed object is caught by the concave portion of the corrugated surface, and movement in the radial direction is suppressed, The object to be crushed can be crushed reliably. The side shape of the spoke 33 may be a triangular waveform or a trapezoid in addition to the waveform, but a shape having no corner in the concave portion of the waveform is more preferable in terms of discharging dust. Alternatively, only one side surface of the spoke 33 may have a waveform, and the other side surface may have a flat shape.
[0025]
The number of spokes of each of the crushing blades 15, 16, and 17 is different from three for the second fixed crushing blade, seven for the third movable crushing blade, and eight for the fourth fixed crushing blade. The number of the spokes of the blade is not in a multiple relation to each other to prevent the peak of the crushing load during the waste disposal operation and to average the driving load.
[0026]
FIG. 10 shows a fifth movable crushing blade 18 in which a number of slits 37 are arranged in parallel on the entire surface except for the hub 36 on the disk surface. The upper surface of the fifth movable crushing blade 18 is flat, and rotates in contact with the lower surface of the fourth fixed crushing blade 17 as shown in FIG. The garbage that has been crushed by the third movable crushing blade 16 and the fourth fixed crushing blade 17 and has fallen on the upper surface of the fifth movable crushing blade 18 is caught by the slit 37, and the fifth movable crushing blade 18 is rotated to rotate the garbage. And the edge of the bottom surface of the fourth fixed crushing blade 17. The cut garbage falls downward through the slit 37, slides down on the inclined bottom plate 7 of the hopper 3, and is discharged to the drain port.
[0027]
As shown in FIG. 10C, the edge on the lower surface side of the slit 37 is chamfered so that the opening area is larger than that of the upper surface opening, so that the garbage pushed into the slit 37 can easily fall. As described above, the fourth fixed crushing blade 17 and the fifth movable crushing blade 18 are brought into surface contact with each other to cut the object to be crushed, so that conventional garbage disposal such as long fibers such as vegetables or skin of seafood is performed. What is difficult to process with the apparatus does not become entangled with the blade or clogged in the gap between the blades, and can be reliably cut into small pieces and discharged.
[0028]
11A and 11B show a modified example of the slit shape of the fifth movable crushing blade 18. FIG. 11A shows the slits 37 arranged in the normal direction of the hub 36, and FIG. 11B shows the slits 37 arranged in the tangential direction of the hub 36. They are arranged. (C) shows an example in which an involute type slit 37 is provided, and (d) shows a case where a plurality of parallel slits 37 are divided into several groups and the angles of the groups are different.
[0029]
An advantage of the fifth movable crushing blade 18 of the fifth movable crushing blade 18 of FIG. 10 and the involute type slit 37 of FIG. 11C is that the number of slits can be increased, and thereby the total edge length of the slits , The cutting efficiency increases, the overall opening area increases, and the amount of waste discharged increases, thereby increasing the processing speed.
[0030]
In addition, since the particle size of the discharged garbage can be controlled by the width of the slit 37, by preparing a plurality of types of fifth movable crushing blades having different slit widths, the garbage having a specification according to the processing particle size requirement at the use site can be provided. A processing device can be provided.
[0031]
Regarding the drive of the crushing unit 11, it is not necessary to rotate at a high speed unlike a hammer mill type garbage processing apparatus, and a sufficient processing speed can be obtained at a low rotation speed of 200 rpm or less. For example, the rotation direction is 100 rpm every 5 seconds. By performing control so as to invert, waste processing with low noise and high efficiency can be performed.
[0032]
Although not shown, if a water tap is provided at the drain pipe connection port 6 or the drain pipe, the cleaning liquid is stored in the crushing unit 11 and the hopper, and the crushing unit 11 is driven to rotate to wash the crushing unit 11 and the hopper 3. can do. At this time, as described above, by rotating and driving the crushing unit 11 in both the forward and reverse directions, it is possible to effectively wash and discharge the deposits and clogs between the crushing blades. Then, the crushing unit 11 can be removed from the hopper 3 to further clean the inside of the hopper 3 and the drainage pipe, and the garbage processing apparatus, which tends to generate a bad odor due to the adhesion of trash, can be kept clean.
[0033]
The crushing unit 11 is detachable from the hopper 3 and can be disassembled as shown in FIG. 3, so that the fifth movable crushing blade 18 can be replaced with a fifth movable crushing blade having a different crushing particle size according to the type of refuse to be treated. It can be easily replaced, a worn crushing blade can be replaced, or a clogged foreign substance can be removed or disassembled for cleaning. Therefore, if the crushing unit 11 is periodically disassembled and cleaned in addition to the above-described daily cleaning liquid storage cleaning, the garbage disposal apparatus can be further cleaned. Further, by removing the crushing unit 11 from the hopper 3, the crushing unit 11 is separated from the driving source, so that there is an advantage that the crushing blade can be replaced and cleaned safely.
[0034]
Further, by providing a drive current detection circuit and a stop control circuit in the motor drive circuit and stopping the motor 5 when the drive current rises to an overload reference value or more, foreign matter such as dust or metal is clogged. And the rotation of the crushing blade becomes abnormal due to being pinched, and when an overcurrent flows, the drive is stopped to prevent damage to the crushing blade and the motor. In addition, the operation time of one cycle may be timer-controlled so that the operation is stopped at a fixed time during normal operation, or the driving load is reduced after the crushing of the garbage is completed, and the driving current is reduced to the no-load reference value. The motor may be controlled to stop after a certain time from.
[0035]
In addition, as means to improve the practicality of the garbage disposal system, the inner surface of the housing and the crushing blade are coated or plated with a fluorine-based resin to prevent the attachment of garbage, and the housing and crushing blade are magnetized. By adsorbing metal pieces in the garbage, clogging of foreign matter and damage to the blade may be prevented.
[0036]
It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications are possible within the technical scope of the present invention, and it is natural that the present invention extends to those modified ones.
[0037]
【The invention's effect】
The garbage disposal apparatus of the present invention forms a crushing blade unit by assembling a rotary crushing blade and a fixed crushing blade in a cylindrical housing whose upper and lower ends are open, and detaches the crushing blade unit from a hopper of the garbage processing apparatus. Since the crushing blade unit is detachable, the crushing blade unit and the hopper can be cleaned, and the cleaning operation is easy.
[0038]
In addition, the disassembly of the crushing blade makes it possible to replace the crushing blade in accordance with the crushing particle size requirement and replace worn crushing blades, and to clean every corner that was difficult to clean conventionally by disassembling. And sanitary maintenance of the kitchen is facilitated.
[0039]
In addition, by providing a water stopcock at the drain port or drain pipe of the garbage disposal device, water or cleaning liquid can be stored in the garbage disposal device to clean the inside of the garbage disposal device, and daily cleaning can be performed. Easy to do.
[0040]
Further, by periodically reversing the rotation direction of the crushing blade by the forward / reverse drive circuit, it is possible to effectively clean and discharge the deposits and foreign substances between the crushing blades.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention, and is a front sectional view of a garbage processing apparatus.
FIGS. 2A and 2B show a hopper of the garbage disposal apparatus, wherein FIG. 2A is a plan view, FIG. 2B is a front sectional view, FIG. 2C is a right side view, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is an assembly view of a crushing unit of the garbage processing apparatus.
FIG. 4 is a front sectional view of a crushing unit of the garbage processing apparatus.
5A and 5B show a housing of the crushing unit, wherein FIG. 5A is a plan view, FIG. 5B is a front sectional view, and FIG. 5C is a bottom view.
6A and 6B show a first stirring blade, wherein FIG. 6A is a plan view and FIG. 6B is a front view.
7A and 7B show a second fixed crushing blade, wherein FIG. 7A is a plan view, FIG. 7B is a front view, FIG. 7C is a front sectional view, and FIG.
8 (a) is a plan view, FIG. 8 (b) is a front view, FIG. 8 (c) is a front sectional view, and FIG. 8 (d) is a bottom view.
9A and 9B show a fourth fixed crushing blade, wherein FIG. 9A is a plan view and FIG. 9B is a front sectional view.
10A and 10B show a fifth movable crushing blade, wherein FIG. 10A is a plan view, FIG. 10B is a front sectional view, and FIG. 10C is an enlarged view of FIG.
11 (a), (b), (c) and (d) are plan views showing other embodiments of the fifth movable crushing blade.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Garbage processing apparatus 2 Base frame 3 Hopper 6 Drain pipe connection port 7 Inclined bottom plate 11 Crushing unit 12 Axis 13 Housing 14 First stirring blade 15 Second fixed crushing blade 16 Third movable crushing blade 17 Fourth fixed crushing blade 18 Five movable crushing blades 20 C-ring 23 Handle 25 Blade 26 Ring 27 Hub 28 Spoke 28 a Comb portion 29 Hub 30 Spoke 30 a Comb portion 30 b Comb portion 31 Ring 32 Hub 33 Spoke 33 a Comb portion 33 b Side surface 34 Ring 35 Tab 36 Hub 37 slit

Claims (5)

回転破砕刃を回転駆動して回転破砕刃と固定破砕刃とにより生ごみを破砕して下方へ排出する生ごみ処理装置において、
上下両端が開放された筒型のハウジングに前記回転破砕刃と固定破砕刃を組付けて破砕刃ユニットを形成し、破砕刃ユニットを生ごみ処理装置のホッパーへ着脱自在としたことを特徴とする生ごみ処理装置。
In a garbage disposal device that rotates a rotary crushing blade and crushes garbage by a rotary crushing blade and a fixed crushing blade and discharges the garbage downward,
The rotary crushing blade and the fixed crushing blade are assembled to a cylindrical housing whose upper and lower ends are open to form a crushing blade unit, and the crushing blade unit is detachably attached to a hopper of a garbage disposal apparatus. Garbage disposal equipment.
上記筒型のハウジングに複数の回転破砕刃と固定破砕刃を交互に積層して組付けた請求項1記載の生ごみ処理装置2. The garbage disposal apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of rotary crushing blades and fixed crushing blades are alternately stacked and assembled on the cylindrical housing. 上記破砕刃ユニットは分解及び破砕刃の交換が可能である請求項1または2記載の生ごみ処理装置。The garbage disposal apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the crushing blade unit is capable of disassembling and replacing the crushing blade. 生ごみ処理装置の排水口または排水管路に止水栓を設け、生ごみ処理装置に水或いは洗浄液を溜めて生ごみ処理装置内を洗浄できるようにした請求項1、2または3記載の生ごみ処理装置。4. The garbage disposal apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a water stopcock is provided at a drain port or a drainage line of the garbage disposal apparatus, and water or a cleaning liquid is stored in the garbage disposal apparatus so that the inside of the garbage disposal apparatus can be washed. Waste treatment equipment. 上記破砕刃の回転方向を定期的に反転する正逆転駆動回路を備えた請求項1、2、3または4記載の生ごみ処理装置。5. The garbage disposal device according to claim 1, further comprising a forward / reverse drive circuit for periodically reversing the rotation direction of the crushing blade.
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CN108905947A (en) * 2018-04-13 2018-11-30 长沙宁湖机械设备有限公司 A kind of stagewise activation equipment
CN108993681A (en) * 2018-04-13 2018-12-14 长沙宁湖机械设备有限公司 A kind of vertical activation equipment
CN108993681B (en) * 2018-04-13 2020-11-27 嘉兴极客旅游用品有限公司 Vertical activation machine
CN108905947B (en) * 2018-04-13 2020-12-18 浙江昌新生物纤维股份有限公司 Hierarchical formula activation machine

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