JP2004276177A - Minutely machining apparatus - Google Patents

Minutely machining apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004276177A
JP2004276177A JP2003072051A JP2003072051A JP2004276177A JP 2004276177 A JP2004276177 A JP 2004276177A JP 2003072051 A JP2003072051 A JP 2003072051A JP 2003072051 A JP2003072051 A JP 2003072051A JP 2004276177 A JP2004276177 A JP 2004276177A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
cantilever
probe
workpiece
mounting member
cantilevers
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JP2003072051A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP4714820B2 (en
Inventor
Noboru Morita
昇 森田
Kiwamu Ashida
極 芦田
Junji Saito
潤二 斎藤
Kiyonori Inagaki
清紀 稲垣
Hiroki Yamashita
弘樹 山下
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology AIST
Tateyama Machine Co Ltd
Original Assignee
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology AIST
Tateyama Machine Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2003072051A priority Critical patent/JP4714820B2/en
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a minutely machining apparatus, which has a simple structure and can carry out machining of very minute dimensions and is portable and can be applied to any machining objects. <P>SOLUTION: The minutely machining apparatus comprises a first probe 18 for carrying out machining in contact with a workpiece 12, a first cantilever 20 having the probe 18 fixed thereon, a second probe 19 for detecting the shape of the workpiece 12 in the proximity of the workpiece 12, a second cantilever 21 having the probe 19 fixed thereon, a cantilever holding member 24 for holding the first cantilever 20 and the second cantilever 21 so as to give a required interval between them, a fixing member 30 for movably holding the cantilever holding member 24, a piezoelectric driving unit 32 for finely driving the the first cantilever 20 and the second cantilever 21 together with the fixing member 30, and a motor 64 for changing the positions of the first cantilever 20 and the second cantilever 21 by moving the cantilever holding member 24. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、原子間力顕微鏡の原理を利用した、ナノメートルオーダーの加工や素子の作製のための微細加工装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
【特許文献1】特開2001−246600号公報
【特許文献2】特開2002−14024号公報
【特許文献3】特開2002−154100号公報
近年超精密加工技術が発達し、機械加工においてもマイクロメータレベルの機械加工が存在している。しかし、今日の電子機器におけるICや素子などの高集積化やマイクロマシン等の製造において、より微細な加工技術が求められている。そのような情勢の中で、ナノメートルオーダーから原子分解能を有する原子間力顕微鏡(AFM)や走査型トンネル顕微鏡(STM)といった走査型プローブ顕微鏡(SPM)を応用した微細加工の研究が行われている。
【0003】
例えば特許文献3に開示されている微細加工装置は、弾性体に支持され少なくとも先端に導電性部分を有する探針を、被加工物表面に対向させ、この探針を被加工物表面と平行な方向に相対的に移動させ、探針先端の導電性部分と被加工物の間に電圧を印加して、被加工物に微細加工を施すものである。被加工物は、探針先端から被加工物に電流が流れることにより、形状、導電率、屈折率、電気分極率などの物性や構造が変化するものである。
【0004】
特許文献3の微細加工装置は、試料台をピエゾ素子により駆動して、探針に対して任意の方向に任意の距離移動させることが可能である。さらに、探針を支持した弾性体をその共振周波数近傍の振動数で被加工物表面に対して垂直方向に振動させ、被加工物表面上の凹凸構造による、探針と被加工物表面の距離のずれによる弾性体の共振周波数のずれの信号を制御装置へフィードバックして、探針と被加工物表面間の距離を一定に保つものである。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記従来の技術の特許文献3に記載された微細加工装置は、探針から被加工物に電流を流して、被加工物の物性を変化させて加工を行うもので、純粋な機械加工を行うことができるものではない。また、加工を施した部分の加工状態や形状を簡単に知ることができるものではなく、一定の加工が終了した後、被加工物を原子間力顕微鏡等にセットし直して加工状態を確認しなければならないものであり、加工の修正や追加工等を簡単に行うことができるものではない。
【0006】
この発明は、上記従来の技術の問題点に鑑みてなされたものであり、簡単な構成で、超微細寸法の機械加工を行うことができ、可搬性があり、加工対象を選ばない微細加工装置を提供することを目的とする。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この発明は、被加工物に接触して加工を行う角錐状ダイヤモンドバルクチップ等の第一の探針と、この探針が固定された第一のカンチレバーと、被加工物に接近してその形状や物性その他の性状を検知する探針であって、角錐状のシリコン系材料のチップにダイヤモンドコーティングした第二の探針と、この第二の探針が固定された第二のカンチレバーと、これら第一、第二のカンチレバーを所定間隔空けて保持したカンチレバー取付部材とを備えた微細加工装置である。そして、このカンチレバー取付部材を移動自在に保持した支持部材と、この支持部材とともに上記第一、第二のカンチレバーを任意の方向に微小駆動する圧電駆動装置と、上記第一、第二のカンチレバーの各探針の変位を検知する光学的検知装置と、上記圧電駆動装置を作動させて上記支持部材を介して上記第一のカンチレバーを微小変位させ上記第一の探針により被加工物を機械加工する加工制御手段と、上記第二の探針及び上記光学的検知装置により被加工物の表面を測定する計測制御手段とを備え、上記カンチレバー取付部材を移動させて上記第一、第二のカンチレバーの位置を切り替え可能に設けた微細加工装置である。
【0008】
上記圧電駆動装置は本体ケースに固定され、上記第一、第二のカンチレバーは上記圧電駆動装置により、上記本体ケースに対して微小変位可能に設けられている。また、上記カンチレバー取付部材を、上記第一、第二の探針の先端から等距離の回動軸であって上記第一、第二の探針の先端を含む面に対して直角な回動軸で回転自在に設け、上記カンチレバー取付部材を回動させて上記第一、第二のカンチレバーの位置を切り替えるカンチレバー切換装置を備えたものである。上記カンチレバー切換装置は、駆動用のモータと、ウォームホイール機構等により構成しても良い。
【0009】
上記支持部材は、上記被加工物の設置面に対して上記カンチレバー取付部材を僅かに斜めに位置決めして支持し、上記回動軸も上記被加工物の設置面に立てた垂線に対して僅かに傾斜して設けられ、上記被加工物に一方の上記探針が接する状態で、他方の探針は上記被加工物の設置面から離れた退避位置に位置決めされるものである。
【0010】
上記光学的検知装置は、半導体レーザー素子と、この半導体レーザー素子からの光を上記第一または第二のカンチレバー上に導く光学系と、上記カンチレバーに照射されたレーザー光の反射光を検知するとともに上記カンチレバーの変位を検知する4分割フォトダイオード等の光検知素子と、上記カンチレバーに照射されたレーザー光の反射光を上記光検知素子に導く光学系とから成る。
【0011】
この発明の微細加工装置は、第一、第二の探針を切り換え可能に設け、第一の探針で加工を行い、第一、第二の探針を切り換えて、その加工状態を第二の探針で簡単に測定できるようにしたものである。また、第一、第二探針を保持した第一、第二のカンチレバー及びそのカンチレバー取付部材を圧電駆動装置により駆動可能に設け、被加工物を固定した状態で、任意の微細加工を行うことができるようにしたものである。
【0012】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、この発明の実施形態について図面に基づいて説明する。図1〜図4はこの発明の一実施形態を示すもので、この実施形態の微細加工装置10は、図示するように、被加工物12が載せられた定盤14に設置可能なもので、一側面が開口した金属製の箱状の本体ケース16に設けられている。本体ケース16内には、被加工物12に接触して加工を行う角錐状のダイヤモンドバルクチップ等の第一の探針18と、この探針が固定された第一のカンチレバー20、及び被加工物12に接近してその形状や物性その他の性状を検知する探針であって、角錐状のシリコン系材料のチップにダイヤモンドコーティングした第二の探針19と、この第二の探針19が固定された第二のカンチレバー21とを有する。第一、第二のカンチレバー20,21は、互いに90°の角度を成して延出し、この第一、第二のカンチレバー20,21を保持したカンチレバー取付部材24が本体ケース16内に設けられている。
【0013】
カンチレバー取付部材24は、第一、第二の探針18,19の先端から等距離の位置にある軸であって第一、第二の探針18,19の先端を含む仮想の面に対して直角な回動軸26で回動自在に軸支されている。この回動軸26とカンチレバー取付部材24との間には、ベアリング28が設けられている。また、回動軸26は、固定部材30に固定され、回動軸26と固定部材30により、カンチレバー取付部材24の支持部材を構成している。固定部材30の取付面30aは、図1に示すように、カンチレバー取付部材24を定盤14の表面に対して僅かに斜めに位置決めし、回動軸26も、定盤14の表面に立てた垂線に対して僅かに傾斜して設けられている。そして、本体ケース16に設けられた状態で、被加工物12に第一または第二の探針18または19が接する状態で、他方の探針19または18は定盤12から僅かに離れた退避位置に位置決めされるように設けられている。
【0014】
固定部材30は、図示しない圧電素子を備えた圧電駆動装置32に固定されている。圧電駆動装置32は、互いに直角な方向であるXYZ方向に固定部材を変位させ、カンチレバー取付部材24を介して、第一、第二のカンチレバー20,21を任意の方向に微小変位させる。圧電駆動装置32は、位置決めステージ34に固定され、位置決めステージ34は本体ケース16の内面である天井面16aに固定されている。
【0015】
第一、第二のカンチレバー20,21の所定の加工計測位置には、第一、第二の探針18,19の変位を検知する光学的検知装置40が、本体ケース16内に設けられている。光学的検知装置40は、レーザーダイオードである半導体レーザー素子42と、この半導体レーザー素子42からのレーザー光を所定の加工計測位置の、第一または第二のカンチレバー20または21上に導くミラーやその他図示しないレンズから成る光学系44を備えている。さらに、光学的検知装置40は、第一または第二のカンチレバー20または21上に照射されたレーザー光の反射光を検知するとともに、その第一または第二のカンチレバー20または21の変位を検知する4分割フォトダイオードから成る光検知素子46と、第一または第二のカンチレバー20または21に照射されたレーザー光の反射光を、光検知素子46に導くプリズムやその他図示しないレンズから成る光学系48とを備えている。
【0016】
光検知素子46の出力は、電流/電圧変換回路50を介して信号処理回路52に接続されている。信号処理回路52では、4分割フォトダイオードの光検知素子46からの出力を処理して、第一または第二のカンチレバー20または21の変位を計測可能な信号にする。信号処理回路52の出力は、A/D変換器54によりアナログ信号をディジタル信号に変換されて、コンピュータである制御装置56に入力する。制御装置56には、モニタ58が接続され、さらに、制御装置56の制御信号出力は、D/A変換器60を介して、ディジタル信号がアナログ信号に変換されて、圧電駆動装置32の圧電素子を駆動する圧電素子駆動回路に入力している。
【0017】
コンピュータである制御装置56は、内部に所定のプログラムを有し、圧電駆動装置32を作動させて第一カンチレバー20を微小変位させ、第一の探針18により被加工物12を機械加工する加工制御手段と、第二のカンチレバー21を微小変位させ、第二の探針19により被加工物12の表面を検知し、光学的検知装置40により被加工物12の表面を測定する計測制御手段とを兼ねている。
【0018】
また、カンチレバー取付部材24は、本体ケース16内の図示しないウォームホイール機構を介して、本体ケース16内に固定されたモータ64に接続されている。モータ64は、制御装置56からの指示により、カンチレバー取付部材24を90°回動させ、第一、第二のカンチレバー20,21の位置を任意に切り替える。
【0019】
この実施形態の微細加工装置の動作は、定盤14上に被加工物12を載置し、先ず加工用の第一の探針18により被加工物12の所定位置に微細加工を施す。この微細加工は、制御装置56により被加工物12の表面上で探針18が所定の圧力で所定の動きをするように、圧電素子駆動回路62を介して圧電駆動装置32を動作させる。これにより、固定部材30を経てカンチレバー取付部材24が駆動され、第一のカンチレバー20が微小変位し、先端の探針18が微細に移動する。この探針18の移動により、ダイヤモンドチップ等の探針18の先端により被加工物12の表面が切削され、ナノメートルオーダーの加工が成される。この加工は、制御装置56により3次元的にXYZ方向に制御される。加工データは、第一のカンチレバー20のたわみとして光学的検知装置40により検出される。この検出は、第一のカンチレバー20の加工時の力により第一のカンチレバー20の上面に僅かなたわみが生じ、このたわみにより半導体レーザー素子42からのレーザー光の反射光の位置が僅かにずれ、この反射光の変化を4分割フォトダイオードによる光検知素子46により検知し、信号処理回路52等を介して制御装置56にフィードバックされる。これにより、所定の形状の微細加工が行われる。
【0020】
次に、微細加工の途中または終了後に、モータ64によりカンチレバー取付部材24を90°回動させて第一の探針18を退避位置に位置させるとともに、第二の探針19を被加工物12の微細加工箇所上に位置させる。この回動時には、第一、第二の探針18,19を、圧電駆動装置32等により被加工物12の表面よりも上方に対比させて回動する。そして、計測用の第二の探針19を、加工を施した箇所に接触させ、制御装置56により被加工物12の表面形状を検知する。この計測は、従来の原子間力顕微鏡と同様である。このときも、第二探針19の位置変化を第二のカンチレバー21に照射されたレーザー光の反射光の位置により検知し、被加工物12の表面形状を計測する。
【0021】
この実施形態の微細加工装置10は、第一、第二の探針18,19が切り換え可能に設けられ、第一の探針18で微細な加工を行い、その加工状態を第二の探針19で簡単に計測することができる。これにより、加工後に加工状態を迅速に測定することができ、より微細な加工や複雑な加工も行うことができ、被加工物12の材質も問わないものである。さらに、装置全体がケース本体16内に設けられ、可搬性が高く、被加工物12の場所や位置を問わず微細加工を行うことができる。
【0022】
なお、この発明の微細加工装置は、上記実施形態に限定されるものではなく図5に示すように、カンチレバー取付部材24は、微細加工用の第一の探針18を保持した第一のカンチレバー20と、計測用の第二の探針19を保持した第二のカンチレバー21の他、さらに、他の加工を行う加工工具70を第二のカンチレバー21に対し回動軸26を中心に、180°反対側に設けても良い。この位置に設ける加工工具70としては、例えば、ナノメートルオーダーの切削加工を行うことができるフライス装置72である。このフライス装置72の加工工具70の先端には、第一の探針18と同様に、ダイヤモンドバルクチップ等の微細加工用チップ74が固定される。またこのフライス装置72の加工工具70は、超小型モータ76の回転軸に接続され、この超小型モータ76がカンチレバーまたはカンチレバー取付部材24に設けられている。この超小型のフライス装置72によれば、広い範囲で微細な切削加工を行うことができる。
【0023】
また、加工工具70以外の測定用探針や加工工具をさらに付加しても良く、カンチレバー取付部材に直接または間接的に設けられる探針や工具の数は適宜設定することができる。
【0024】
さらに、カンチレバー取付部材の移動方向は、回動以外に一定方向に摺動するようにしたものでも良い。第一、第二の探針等は摺動によっても同様に切り替えることができ、同様の効果を得ることができる。また、第一、第二のカンチレバーに設けられる探針は、ダイヤモンドバルクチップ以外に微細加工が可能な工具であれば良く、加工は切削加工のみならず塑性加工も可能であり、切削加工の形態も問わないものである。さらに、探針と被加工物との間に通電しながら加工を行うものでも良く、加工環境や雰囲気は問わない。
【0025】
【発明の効果】
この発明の微細加工装置は、簡単な構造で、加工と計測を適宜切り替えることができ、より微細な加工を高精度に行うことができる。また、被加工物の材質を選ばず微細な加工が可能である。さらに、装置がケース本体内に設けられているので、可搬性が高く、任意の場所での微細加工が可能となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】この発明の一実施形態の微細加工装置の概略ブロック図である。
【図2】この実施形態の微細加工装置の部分破断斜視図である。
【図3】この実施形態の微細加工装置の光学的検知装置を示す部分破断斜視図である。
【図4】この実施形態の微細加工装置の背面を示す斜視図である。
【図5】この発明の微細加工装置の他の実施形態の背面を示す斜視図である。
【符号の説明】
10 微細加工装置
12 被加工物
14 定盤
16 本体ケース
18 第一の探針
19 第二の探針
20 第一のカンチレバー
21 第二のカンチレバー
24 カンチレバー取付部材
26 回動軸
30 固定部材
32 圧電駆動装置
40 光学的検知装置
42 半導体レーザー素子
46 光検知素子
56 制御装置
62 圧電素子駆動回路
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a microfabrication apparatus for processing on the order of nanometers and manufacturing elements using the principle of an atomic force microscope.
[0002]
[Prior art]
[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-246600 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-14024 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-154100 Meter-level machining exists. However, in today's electronic devices, higher integration of ICs and elements, and manufacture of micromachines and the like require finer processing techniques. Under such circumstances, research on fine processing using a scanning probe microscope (SPM), such as an atomic force microscope (AFM) or a scanning tunnel microscope (STM) having an atomic resolution from the order of nanometers, has been conducted. I have.
[0003]
For example, a microfabrication device disclosed in Patent Document 3 has a probe supported by an elastic body and having a conductive portion at least at a tip facing a surface of a workpiece, and having the probe parallel to the surface of the workpiece. The workpiece is relatively moved in the direction, and a voltage is applied between the conductive portion at the tip of the probe and the workpiece to perform fine processing on the workpiece. An object to be processed changes its physical properties and structure such as shape, conductivity, refractive index, and electric polarizability when a current flows from the tip of the probe to the object.
[0004]
The microfabrication device disclosed in Patent Literature 3 can drive a sample stage by a piezo element to move the probe in an arbitrary direction and an arbitrary distance with respect to the probe. Furthermore, the elastic body supporting the probe is vibrated in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the workpiece at a frequency near its resonance frequency, and the distance between the probe and the surface of the workpiece due to the uneven structure on the surface of the workpiece. The signal of the shift of the resonance frequency of the elastic body due to the shift is fed back to the control device to keep the distance between the probe and the surface of the workpiece constant.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The micromachining device described in Patent Document 3 of the above-mentioned conventional technique performs a current by flowing a current from a probe to a workpiece to change the physical properties of the workpiece, and performs pure machining. Not something that can be done. In addition, it is not easy to know the processing state and shape of the processed part.After a certain processing is completed, the work piece is set back to the atomic force microscope etc. and the processing state is checked. However, it is not possible to easily perform processing corrections and additional processing.
[0006]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the conventional technology, and has a simple configuration, can perform machining of ultra-fine dimensions, is portable, and has a portable and micro-processing apparatus that does not select a processing object. The purpose is to provide.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention relates to a first probe such as a pyramid-shaped diamond bulk tip that performs processing by contacting a workpiece, a first cantilever to which the probe is fixed, and a shape close to the workpiece. And a second tip, which is a diamond-coated tip of a pyramidal silicon-based material, a second cantilever to which the second tip is fixed, And a cantilever mounting member holding the first and second cantilevers at predetermined intervals. And, a support member that movably holds the cantilever mounting member, a piezoelectric drive device that minutely drives the first and second cantilevers in an arbitrary direction together with the support member, and a first and second cantilever. An optical detection device for detecting the displacement of each probe, and the piezoelectric drive device is operated to finely displace the first cantilever through the support member, and machine the workpiece with the first probe. Processing control means, and measurement control means for measuring the surface of the workpiece by the second probe and the optical detection device, the first and second cantilevers by moving the cantilever mounting member Is a micromachining device provided so that the position of the micromachining can be switched.
[0008]
The piezoelectric driving device is fixed to a main body case, and the first and second cantilevers are provided to be slightly displaceable with respect to the main body case by the piezoelectric driving device. Further, the cantilever mounting member is rotated at a right angle to a plane including a tip of the first and second probes, which is a rotation axis equidistant from tips of the first and second probes. A cantilever switching device is provided rotatably on a shaft, and switches the position of the first and second cantilevers by rotating the cantilever mounting member. The cantilever switching device may include a driving motor, a worm wheel mechanism, and the like.
[0009]
The support member supports the cantilever mounting member by positioning the cantilever mounting member slightly obliquely with respect to the installation surface of the workpiece, and the rotation axis is also slightly inclined with respect to a vertical line set on the installation surface of the workpiece. The other probe is positioned at a retracted position away from the installation surface of the workpiece while one of the probes is in contact with the workpiece.
[0010]
The optical detection device is a semiconductor laser element, an optical system that guides light from the semiconductor laser element onto the first or second cantilever, and detects reflected light of laser light applied to the cantilever. It comprises a light detecting element such as a four-division photodiode for detecting the displacement of the cantilever, and an optical system for guiding the reflected light of the laser light applied to the cantilever to the light detecting element.
[0011]
The microfabrication device of the present invention is provided with the first and second probes switchable, performs processing with the first probe, switches the first and second probes, and changes the processing state to the second. This makes it easy to measure with a probe. In addition, the first and second cantilevers holding the first and second probes and the cantilever mounting members thereof are provided so as to be drivable by a piezoelectric driving device, and arbitrary fine processing is performed with the workpiece fixed. Is made possible.
[0012]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIGS. 1 to 4 show an embodiment of the present invention, and a micromachining apparatus 10 of this embodiment can be installed on a surface plate 14 on which a workpiece 12 is placed as shown in FIG. It is provided on a metal box-shaped main body case 16 having one side open. In the main body case 16, a first probe 18 such as a pyramid-shaped diamond bulk tip for performing processing by contacting the workpiece 12, a first cantilever 20 to which the probe is fixed, and a workpiece A probe for detecting the shape, physical properties, and other properties of the object 12 by approaching the object 12. The second probe 19 is a diamond-coated pyramid-shaped silicon material tip. And a second cantilever 21 fixed thereto. The first and second cantilevers 20 and 21 extend at an angle of 90 ° to each other, and a cantilever mounting member 24 holding the first and second cantilevers 20 and 21 is provided in the main body case 16. ing.
[0013]
The cantilever mounting member 24 is an axis which is equidistant from the tips of the first and second probes 18 and 19, and is located on an imaginary surface including the tips of the first and second probes 18 and 19. And is rotatably supported by a rotating shaft 26 which is at right angles. A bearing 28 is provided between the rotation shaft 26 and the cantilever mounting member 24. The rotating shaft 26 is fixed to the fixed member 30, and the rotating shaft 26 and the fixed member 30 constitute a support member for the cantilever mounting member 24. As shown in FIG. 1, the mounting surface 30 a of the fixing member 30 positions the cantilever mounting member 24 slightly obliquely with respect to the surface of the surface plate 14, and the rotating shaft 26 is also set up on the surface of the surface plate 14. It is provided slightly inclined with respect to the perpendicular. When the first or second probe 18 or 19 is in contact with the workpiece 12 while being provided in the main body case 16, the other probe 19 or 18 is retracted slightly away from the surface plate 12. It is provided to be positioned at the position.
[0014]
The fixing member 30 is fixed to a piezoelectric driving device 32 having a piezoelectric element (not shown). The piezoelectric driving device 32 displaces the fixing member in the XYZ directions that are perpendicular to each other, and minutely displaces the first and second cantilevers 20 and 21 in arbitrary directions via the cantilever mounting member 24. The piezoelectric driving device 32 is fixed to a positioning stage 34, and the positioning stage 34 is fixed to a ceiling surface 16 a which is an inner surface of the main body case 16.
[0015]
At predetermined processing measurement positions of the first and second cantilevers 20, 21, an optical detecting device 40 for detecting displacement of the first and second probes 18, 19 is provided in the main body case 16. I have. The optical detection device 40 includes a semiconductor laser element 42 which is a laser diode, a mirror for guiding laser light from the semiconductor laser element 42 onto the first or second cantilever 20 or 21 at a predetermined processing measurement position, or the like. An optical system 44 including a lens (not shown) is provided. Further, the optical detection device 40 detects the reflected light of the laser beam irradiated on the first or second cantilever 20 or 21, and detects the displacement of the first or second cantilever 20 or 21. An optical system 48 comprising a light detecting element 46 comprising a four-division photodiode and a prism or other lens (not shown) for guiding the reflected light of the laser light applied to the first or second cantilever 20 or 21 to the light detecting element 46. And
[0016]
The output of the light detecting element 46 is connected to a signal processing circuit 52 via a current / voltage conversion circuit 50. The signal processing circuit 52 processes the output from the light detection element 46 of the four-division photodiode to convert the displacement of the first or second cantilever 20 or 21 into a signal that can be measured. The output of the signal processing circuit 52 is converted from an analog signal to a digital signal by an A / D converter 54 and input to a control device 56 which is a computer. A monitor 58 is connected to the control device 56, and a control signal output from the control device 56 is converted from a digital signal to an analog signal via a D / A converter 60, and the piezoelectric element of the piezoelectric driving device 32 is Is input to a piezoelectric element driving circuit for driving the piezoelectric element.
[0017]
A control device 56, which is a computer, has a predetermined program therein, operates the piezoelectric drive device 32 to slightly displace the first cantilever 20, and processes the workpiece 12 by the first probe 18. Control means for measuring the surface of the workpiece 12 with the second probe 19 by minutely displacing the second cantilever 21 and measuring the surface of the workpiece 12 with the optical probe 40; Also serves as.
[0018]
Further, the cantilever mounting member 24 is connected to a motor 64 fixed in the main body case 16 via a worm wheel mechanism (not shown) in the main body case 16. The motor 64 rotates the cantilever mounting member 24 by 90 ° in response to an instruction from the control device 56, and arbitrarily switches the positions of the first and second cantilevers 20, 21.
[0019]
In the operation of the micromachining device of this embodiment, the workpiece 12 is placed on the surface plate 14, and firstly, the microfabrication is performed on a predetermined position of the workpiece 12 by the first probe 18 for machining. In this fine processing, the piezoelectric driving device 32 is operated via the piezoelectric element driving circuit 62 so that the control device 56 causes the probe 18 to perform a predetermined movement at a predetermined pressure on the surface of the workpiece 12. As a result, the cantilever mounting member 24 is driven via the fixing member 30, the first cantilever 20 is slightly displaced, and the tip probe 18 is finely moved. Due to the movement of the probe 18, the surface of the workpiece 12 is cut by the tip of the probe 18 such as a diamond tip, and processing on the order of nanometers is performed. This processing is controlled three-dimensionally in the XYZ directions by the control device 56. The processing data is detected by the optical detection device 40 as the deflection of the first cantilever 20. In this detection, a slight bending occurs on the upper surface of the first cantilever 20 due to a force at the time of processing the first cantilever 20, and the position of the reflected light of the laser light from the semiconductor laser element 42 is slightly shifted due to the bending, The change in the reflected light is detected by the light detecting element 46 including the four-division photodiode, and is fed back to the control device 56 via the signal processing circuit 52 and the like. Thereby, microfabrication of a predetermined shape is performed.
[0020]
Next, during or after the micromachining, the cantilever mounting member 24 is rotated by 90 ° by the motor 64 to position the first probe 18 at the retracted position, and the second probe 19 is moved to the workpiece 12. On the microfabricated part. During this rotation, the first and second probes 18 and 19 are rotated by the piezoelectric driving device 32 and the like so as to be higher than the surface of the workpiece 12. Then, the second probe 19 for measurement is brought into contact with the processed portion, and the control device 56 detects the surface shape of the workpiece 12. This measurement is similar to that of a conventional atomic force microscope. Also at this time, the change in the position of the second probe 19 is detected by the position of the reflected light of the laser beam applied to the second cantilever 21, and the surface shape of the workpiece 12 is measured.
[0021]
In the fine processing apparatus 10 of this embodiment, first and second probes 18 and 19 are provided so as to be switchable, perform fine processing with the first probe 18, and change the processing state to the second probe. 19 can be easily measured. Thus, the processing state can be quickly measured after the processing, finer processing and complicated processing can be performed, and the material of the workpiece 12 is not limited. Further, the entire apparatus is provided in the case main body 16 and has high portability, so that fine processing can be performed regardless of the location or position of the workpiece 12.
[0022]
Note that the micromachining device of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and as shown in FIG. 5, a cantilever mounting member 24 includes a first cantilever holding a first probe 18 for micromachining. In addition to the second cantilever 21 holding the second probe 19 for measurement and the second cantilever 21, a processing tool 70 for performing other processing is rotated 180 degrees with respect to the second cantilever 21 around the rotation axis 26. ° It may be provided on the opposite side. The processing tool 70 provided at this position is, for example, a milling device 72 capable of performing a cutting process on the order of nanometers. A tip 74 for micromachining such as a diamond bulk tip is fixed to the tip of the machining tool 70 of the milling device 72, like the first probe 18. The machining tool 70 of the milling device 72 is connected to the rotating shaft of a micro motor 76, and the micro motor 76 is provided on the cantilever or the cantilever mounting member 24. According to the ultra-small milling device 72, fine cutting can be performed in a wide range.
[0023]
Further, a measuring probe and a processing tool other than the processing tool 70 may be further added, and the number of the probes and the tools directly or indirectly provided on the cantilever mounting member can be appropriately set.
[0024]
Further, the moving direction of the cantilever mounting member may be such that it slides in a fixed direction other than the rotation. The first and second probes and the like can be similarly switched by sliding, and the same effect can be obtained. In addition, the probe provided on the first and second cantilevers may be a tool capable of fine processing other than the diamond bulk tip, and the processing can be not only cutting but also plastic processing. It does not matter. Further, processing may be performed while energizing between the probe and the workpiece, and the processing environment and atmosphere are not limited.
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION The micro-processing apparatus of this invention can switch suitably between processing and measurement with a simple structure, and can perform finer processing with high precision. Also, fine processing is possible regardless of the material of the workpiece. Further, since the device is provided in the case main body, portability is high, and fine processing can be performed at an arbitrary place.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a microfabrication apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the microfabrication device of this embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing an optical detection device of the microfabrication device of this embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a back surface of the microfabrication device of this embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a back surface of another embodiment of the microfabrication device of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Micro-processing apparatus 12 Workpiece 14 Surface plate 16 Body case 18 First probe 19 Second probe 20 First cantilever 21 Second cantilever 24 Cantilever mounting member 26 Rotating shaft 30 Fixed member 32 Piezoelectric drive Device 40 Optical detection device 42 Semiconductor laser device 46 Photodetection device 56 Control device 62 Piezoelectric device drive circuit

Claims (5)

被加工物に接触して加工を行う第一の探針と、この探針が固定された第一のカンチレバーと、被加工物に接近してその性状を検知する第二の探針と、この第二の探針が固定された第二のカンチレバーと、これら第一、第二のカンチレバーを所定間隔空けて保持したカンチレバー取付部材と、このカンチレバー取付部材を移動自在に保持した支持部材と、この支持部材とともに上記第一、第二のカンチレバーを任意の方向に微小駆動する圧電駆動装置と、上記第一、第二のカンチレバーの各探針の変位を検知する光学的検知装置と、上記圧電駆動装置を作動させて上記支持部材を介して上記第一のカンチレバーを微小変位させ上記第一の探針により被加工物を機械加工する加工制御手段と、上記第二の探針及び上記光学的検知装置により被加工物の表面を測定する計測制御手段とを備え、上記カンチレバー取付部材を移動させて上記第一、第二のカンチレバーの位置を切り替え可能に設けたことを特徴とする微細加工装置。A first probe that performs processing by contacting the workpiece, a first cantilever to which the probe is fixed, a second probe that approaches the workpiece and detects the property thereof, A second cantilever to which the second probe is fixed, a cantilever mounting member that holds the first and second cantilevers at predetermined intervals, a support member that movably holds the cantilever mounting member, A piezoelectric driving device for finely driving the first and second cantilevers together with a support member in an arbitrary direction, an optical detecting device for detecting displacement of each probe of the first and second cantilevers, and Processing control means for operating a device to minutely displace the first cantilever via the support member to machine the workpiece with the first probe, the second probe and the optical detection Worked by device And a measurement control means for measuring the surface of, the first by moving the cantilever mounting member, microfabrication apparatus being characterized in that provided to be switchable position of the second cantilever. 上記圧電駆動装置は本体ケースに固定され、上記第一、第二のカンチレバーは上記圧電駆動装置により上記本体ケースに対して微小変位可能に設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1記載の微細加工装置。The micro piezoelectric device according to claim 1, wherein the piezoelectric driving device is fixed to a main body case, and the first and second cantilevers are provided so as to be slightly displaceable with respect to the main body case by the piezoelectric driving device. Processing equipment. 上記カンチレバー取付部材を、上記第一、第二の探針の先端から等距離の回動軸であって上記第一、第二の探針の先端を含む面に対して直角な回動軸で回転自在に設け、上記カンチレバー取付部材を回動させて上記第一、第二のカンチレバーの位置を切り替えるカンチレバー切換装置を備えたことを特徴とする請求項1記載の微細加工装置。The cantilever mounting member, the first, the rotation axis of the same distance from the tip of the second probe, the first, the rotation axis perpendicular to the plane including the tip of the second probe The micromachining device according to claim 1, further comprising a cantilever switching device that is rotatably provided and that switches the positions of the first and second cantilevers by rotating the cantilever mounting member. 上記支持部材は、上記被加工物の設置面に対して上記カンチレバー取付部材を僅かに斜めに位置決めして支持し、上記回動軸も上記被加工物の設置面に立てた垂線に対して僅かに傾斜して設けられ、上記被加工物に一方の上記探針が接する状態で、他方の探針は上記被加工物の設置面から離れた退避位置に位置決めされることを特徴とする請求項1記載の微細加工装置。The support member supports the cantilever mounting member by positioning the cantilever mounting member slightly obliquely with respect to the installation surface of the workpiece, and the rotation axis is also slightly inclined with respect to a vertical line set on the installation surface of the workpiece. Wherein the other probe is positioned at a retracted position away from the installation surface of the workpiece while one of the probes is in contact with the workpiece. 2. The microfabrication device according to 1. 上記光学的検知装置は、半導体レーザー素子と、この半導体レーザー素子からの光を上記第一または第二のカンチレバー上に導く光学系と、上記カンチレバーに照射されたレーザー光の反射光を検知するとともに上記カンチレバーの変位を検知する光検知素子と、上記カンチレバーに照射されたレーザー光の反射光を上記光検知素子に導く光学系とから成ることを特徴とする請求項1記載の微細加工装置。The optical detection device is a semiconductor laser element, an optical system that guides light from the semiconductor laser element onto the first or second cantilever, and detects reflected light of laser light applied to the cantilever. 2. The microfabrication apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a light detecting element for detecting the displacement of the cantilever; and an optical system for guiding a reflected light of the laser beam applied to the cantilever to the light detecting element.
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