JP2004262327A - Steering control device of working vehicle - Google Patents

Steering control device of working vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004262327A
JP2004262327A JP2003054262A JP2003054262A JP2004262327A JP 2004262327 A JP2004262327 A JP 2004262327A JP 2003054262 A JP2003054262 A JP 2003054262A JP 2003054262 A JP2003054262 A JP 2003054262A JP 2004262327 A JP2004262327 A JP 2004262327A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
vehicle
steering
front wheel
turning
case
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP2003054262A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Nobuaki Ikeuchi
伸明 池内
Osamu Hyodo
兵頭  修
Yuji Yoshizawa
勇治 吉澤
Tatsuzo Murakami
達三 村上
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Iseki and Co Ltd
Iseki Agricultural Machinery Mfg Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Iseki and Co Ltd
Iseki Agricultural Machinery Mfg Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2003054262A priority Critical patent/JP2004262327A/en
Publication of JP2004262327A publication Critical patent/JP2004262327A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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  • Steering-Linkage Mechanisms And Four-Wheel Steering (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a steering control device of a working vehicle capable of increasing safety and operability since the sharp turning of front wheels 13 is eliminated when a vehicle is not turned in working, for example, when the vehicle adjusts its course to change a lane in traveling or turns at a square crossing and capable of increasing durability since the front wheels are not always turned excessively and the wear of tires is reduced. <P>SOLUTION: An intermediate case 4 is rotatingly supported on an axle casing 1 at both ends, and an axle case 3 steered through a power steering 2 is rotatingly supported on the outside of the intermediate case 4. An actuator 7 is installed in the intermediate case 4. When the vehicle travels on a road, the front wheels 13 are steered by the power steering 2 only, and when the vehicle is at work, the front wheels 13 are steered together with the actuator 7. In addition, when the vehicle is at work, the intermediate case 4 is driven to a swing inner side simultaneously or after the high-speed driving of the front wheels 13 and simultaneously or after the output of a rear wheel brake on the swing inner side. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、トラクタや乗用芝刈機等、作業車両の操向制御装置に関し、例えば枕地などでの旋回時に前輪の切れ角を大きくして、旋回性能を向上させるものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、特開2001−270456号公報に示されるように、アクスルハウジングの左右両端部に、上下方向の第一軸を中心に回動可能な中間ケースを設け、前記左右夫れ夫れの中間ケースの外端部に、前輪を支持し且つ前記第一軸よりも外側に配設する上下方向の第二軸を軸に回動させる車軸ケースを設けた作業車の操向装置が知られている。
【0003】
【特許文献1】
特開2001−270456号公報(第1頁、図5)
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
前記公報による作業車の操向装置は、畦際等での旋回時に車輪の切り角を大きくして旋回性能を向上させるものであるが、これら中間ケースと車軸ケースをリンク機構により機械的に連動連結する為、非作業時、例えば車両が一般道路で高速で走行している時に、前輪が過剰に切れて急旋回を生じ安全性を損なったり、常に前輪が過剰に切れてタイヤを磨耗し耐久性を損なうという課題が有った。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
以上のような課題に鑑みて、この発明は作業車両の操向制御装置を以下のように構成した。即ち、請求項1の発明では、アクスルハウジング(1)の左右両端部に、上下方向の第一軸(29)を中心に回動可能な中間ケース(4)を設け、前記左右夫れ夫れの中間ケース(4)の外端部に、前輪(13)を支持し且つ前記第一軸(29)よりも外側に配設する上下方向の第二軸(30)を中心に回動可能な車軸ケース(3)を設けた作業車両において、
前記車両の操向操作具(5)との連動部位に車両の旋回操作を検出するセンサ(40)を設け、前記中間ケース(4)と車軸ケース(3)に夫れ夫れアクチュエータ(7,2)を連動連結すると共に、前記センサ(40)により車両の旋回操作を検出する迄は前記両アクチュエータ(7,2)の内、車軸ケース(3)に連結したアクチュエータ(2)の駆動で前記前輪(13)を操向し、前記センサ(40)により車両の旋回操作を検出した時には、前記両アクチュエータ(7,2)により前記前輪(13)を旋回内側に操向する制御手段(39)を備えたことを特徴とする作業車両の操向制御装置とした。
(請求項1の作用)
以上のように構成した請求項1の発明では、車両の旋回操作を検出する迄、即ち一般的な操向操作では前記両アクチュエータ(7,2)の内、車軸ケース(3)に連結したアクチュエータ(2)の駆動で前記前輪(13)を操向する。また、前記センサ(40)により車両の旋回操作、即ち作業時と想定される急旋回を検出した時には、前記両アクチュエータ(7,2)により前記前輪(13)を旋回内側に操向する。
【0006】
また、請求項2の発明では、前記車両には、車両の旋回操作に連動して前記前輪(13)の周速を後輪(14)の周速に比して増速する前輪増速機構(58)を備え、前記制御手段(39)は、前記前輪増速機構(58)を作動させると同時、或いはその作動後に前記両アクチュエータ(7,2)により前記前輪(13)を旋回内側に操向することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の作業車両の操向制御装置とした。
(請求項2の作用)
以上のように構成した請求項2の発明では、車両の旋回操作、即ち作業時と想定される急旋回を検出した時には、前記前輪増速機構(58)を作動させると同時、或いはその作動後に前記両アクチュエータ(7,2)により前記前輪(13)が旋回内側に操向される。
【0007】
また請求項3の発明では、前記車両には、車両の旋回操作に連動して旋回内側の後輪(14)を制動するブレーキ用油圧シリンダ(55)を備え、前記制御手段(39)は、前記ブレーキ用油圧シリンダ(55)を作動させると同時、或いはその作動後に前記両アクチュエータ(7,2)により前記前輪(13)を旋回内側に操向することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の作業車両の操向制御装置とした。
(請求項3の作用)
以上のように構成した請求項3の発明では、車両の旋回操作、即ち作業時と想定される急旋回を検出した時には、前記ブレーキ用油圧シリンダ(55)を作動させると同時、或いはその作動後に前記両アクチュエータ(7,2)により前記前輪(13)が旋回内側に操向される。
【0008】
【発明の効果】
これにより、請求項1の発明では、作業時の非旋回時、例えば車両の走行時に車線変更するべく進路を調整したり、直角的な交差点を曲がる場合、前輪(13)が大きく切れることが無くなり、安全性、操作性を向上することができる。また、常に前輪を過剰に切ることも無くなりタイヤを磨耗を低減し耐久性を向上することができる。
【0009】
また請求項2の発明では、前輪増速機構(58)を作動させると同時、或いはその作動後に前記両アクチュエータ(7,2)により前記前輪(13)を旋回内側に操向するので、タイヤにより走行面の土や草を前方へ押し出し作業地が荒れることを極力防止し、円滑に旋回することができる。
【0010】
また請求項3の発明も同様に、旋回内側のブレーキ用油圧シリンダ(55)を作動させると同時、或いはその作動後に前記両アクチュエータ(7,2)により前記前輪(13)を旋回内側に操向するので、タイヤにより走行面の土や草を前方へ押し出し作業地が荒れることを極力防止し、円滑に旋回することができる。
【0011】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、この発明を農業用トラクタに搭載した場合について説明する。
先ずトラクタ全体の概要に付いて説明する。
トラクタは、図4に示すように、前輪13と後輪14を有して、ボンネット15内に搭載のエンジン16の駆動によって前記前後輪13,14を駆動して走行すると共に、操向操作具となるステアリングハンドル5で前記前輪13を左右操向する構成となっている。また車体後部には運転席17を搭載し、その周囲をキャビンによって取り囲む構成となっている。また前記エンジン16後部には、クラッチハウジング18やフロントミッションケース19、更にはリヤミッションケース20と順に連結し車体枠を構成している。
【0012】
前記前輪13は、前記フロントミッションケース19の前面下部から突設した伝動軸57からフロントアクスルハウジング1の入力軸へ動力を伝達し、後述するようにセンタピボット22で揺動自在に支架されたフロントアクスルハウジング1、中間ケース4、車軸ケース3内の各種伝動軸で駆動される。
【0013】
また前記後輪14は、リヤミッションケース20の左右側部に連結したリヤアクスルハウジング24に、後車軸25で軸装される。
尚、図4中の符号27はPTO軸、符号28車体後部に連結した作業機66を昇降するためのリフトアームである。
【0014】
また前記リヤミッションケース20の後端には、左右のロアリンク8とトップリンク9が上下動自在に連結されて、このロアリンク8が前記リフトアーム28にリフトロッド10で連結されて、リヤミッションケース20上部の作業機昇降用油圧シリンダ12aを駆動することにより作業機66を昇降する。また前記左右のロアリンク8の回動軸11には、同軸11を共用して前記リフトアーム28に接続する補助シリンダ12bを支持する構成となっている。
【0015】
これにより、前記ステアリングハンドル5下方のレバー操作式の作業機昇降スイッチ6を上下操作することで、操縦席側方の上げ位置設定器77で設定された高さまで前記作業機66を上昇する構成となっている。尚、ここでは通常作業時と、後進及び旋回時の作業機の上げ位置を別々の設定器77a、77bで設定する構成となっている。
【0016】
次に、図1乃至図2に基いて、前記トラクタの前輪13及びフロントアクスルハウジング1の構成に付いて詳細に説明する。
先ず、前記フロントアクスルハウジング1の左右両側部に中間ケース4を、上下方向に沿う中間ケース軸29(第一軸)周りに操向回動自在に設ける。また左右の各中間ケース4の外側端には車軸ケース3を、同じく上下方向に沿う車軸ケース軸30(第二軸)周りに操向回動自在に設ける。そして前記前輪13を、この車軸ケース3の外側の前車軸23に取り付け、これらフロントアクスルハウジング1、中間ケース4、及び車軸ケース3内の各伝動軸やベベルギヤ等を経て伝動回動する。
【0017】
また前記ハンドル5のステアリング軸31を、全油圧式パワステアリング2を介して第一アクチュエータとなるピットマンアーム32を連動連結し、更に同アーム32をロッド33を介して前記車軸ケース3に構成した操向アーム34へ連結し、左右車軸ケース3の操向アーム34間をタイロッド35で連結して、前記ハンドル5の回転操作で左右車軸ケース3、即ち前輪13を車軸ケース軸30の周りに操向旋回する構成となっている。
【0018】
また、前記左右の中間ケース4は、後部に操向アーム36を有して、同アーム36を、前記フロントアクスルブラケット21の側面に取り付けた複動式の中間ケース操向用油圧シリンダ7(第二アクチュエータ)とタイロッド37で連結し、前記中間ケース操向用油圧シリンダ7の伸縮によって左右の中間ケース4が中間ケース軸29周りに操向回動される。
【0019】
また、これらハンドル操作による前輪13の操向制御は、図3に示すように、制御手段となるコントローラ39の入力側に、作業/走行モード切替スイッチ41、ステアリングハンドル5の切れ角を検出するステアリング切角センサ40、旋回制御入切スイッチ67、車速センサ42、作業機昇降スイッチ6、上げ位置設定器77a,77b等を接続し、出力側には、前記左右の中間ケース操向用油圧シリンダ7を作動する切替制御弁のソレノイド43L,43R、そして後述する前輪増速機構を作動させて前輪を増速する切替制御弁のソレノイド68、左右後輪を夫れ夫れ制動するブレーキ用切替制御弁のソレノイド69L,69R、作業機上昇用及び下降用の切替制御弁のソレノイド78,79を接続する。
【0020】
そして前記コントローラ39では、ハンドル5の切れ角が一定値以下、詳しくは作業時の旋回操作と想定される角度Cに満たないときは、通常の操向状態と想定し出力を行わず、前記ピットマンアーム32だけを回動させて、車軸ケース3、即ち前輪13を車軸ケース軸30の周りに操向回動させる。
【0021】
またハンドル5が前記角度Cを超えて回動操作されるときは、作業時の旋回操作と想定し、前記切替制御弁のソレノイド43へ出力を行い、前記ピットマンアーム32の回動と共に、中間ケース操向用油圧シリンダ7を作動し、中間ケース4、即ち前輪13を旋回内側へ回動させる。
【0022】
また、前記モード切替スイッチ41が走行モードに切替えられたときや、車速センサ42が一定以上の高速走行状態を検出したときは、切替制御弁ソレノイドバルブ43へ出力を常時キャンセルして、この操向制御は行わせないようにしている。
【0023】
尚、前記作業時の車両の旋回操作を検出する手段としては、ハンドル5の操作速度にて検出する構成としても良いし、ハンドル5との連動部位であれば他の個所、例えば前輪31側の操向角や操向角速度を検出する構成としても良い。
次に、図5に基いて前記トラクタの伝動機構について説明する。
【0024】
前記エンジン16の回転動力は、主クラッチ44を介して出力軸45に取り出され、順に前後進切替装置46、四段変速の主変速装置47、三段変速の副変速装置48等を経て出力軸49へ伝達される。またこの出力軸49からリヤデフ機構50を介して前記左右のリヤアクスルハウジング24の後輪伝動軸51、後車軸25へ伝達される。また前記出力軸49には車速センサ42を設けている。また前記リヤデフ機構50から延設した左右夫れ夫れの後輪伝動軸51上には、操向ブレーキ52を設け、前記キャビン内のフロア53の右足側に配置される左右各ブレーキペタル54の踏み込み操作、またはブレーキ用油圧シリンダ55の駆動を介して制動する構成としている。また、前記前輪13を伝動する前輪取出軸56,57が該出力軸49上からギヤ伝動される。この前輪取出軸56、57の間に前記前輪増速機構58を設け、内部クラッチの切替操作によって前輪13の駆動回転を後輪14に対して略等速から二倍の回転速度に切り替えて増速する。また前記前輪取出軸57はフロントアクスルハウジング1の中央部のフロントデフ機構59へ伝動して、前輪伝動軸60を伝動して、前記前輪13を伝動できる。
【0025】
尚、図中符号27は、前記トラクタ後部に突設したPTO軸を示し、同軸27も前記エンジン16の回転動力をクラッチ61、正逆転切替クラッチ62、及び変速ギヤ63等を介して駆動される。
以上のように構成した前記操向制御装置と、他の旋回制御(作業機上昇制御、前輪増速制御、ブレーキ制御)の関係に付いて説明する。
【0026】
前記旋回制御は、前記旋回制御入切スイッチ67がONのときに夫れ夫れ作動するものであって、前記ハンドル5の操作角によって各制御が作動する。図3に示すように、前記ハンドル5の切れ角には、中立位置Nから切れ角が大きくなる順にA,B,Cと設定角が設定されている。そして、前記中立位置Nから一定の切れ角位置Aでリフトアーム28により作業機66が前記後進・旋回用上げ位置設定器77bの設定位置へ自動上昇され、一定の切れ角位置Bに回動されることによって旋回内側の後輪14が制動され、更に、一定の切れ角位置Cに回動されることによって前輪増速機構58が倍速の増速位置に切替えられる。
【0027】
このような旋回制御において、中間ケース操向用油圧シリンダ7を作動させて、中間ケース4を中間ケース軸29の周りに回動させて、前輪13の操向角を大きくするときには、前記前輪増速機構58が作動する角、即ち設定角C、若しくはそれより大きな角C+αで作動させる。
【0028】
これにより、前記中間ケース4を操向する以前に、前輪増速或いは旋回内側の後輪ブレーキを作動させてトラクタを急旋回する状態に移行させるため、前輪13により走行面の土を前方へ押し出し圃場が荒れるといった不具合を極力防止し、円滑に旋回することができる。
【0029】
また前記旋回制御及び操向制御は、旋回制御入切スイッチ67のON/OFF操作により適宜作動を入切できるので、一般道などで車線変更するべく進路を調整したり、直角的な交差点を曲がるときには、前輪が過剰に切れることも無くなり、タイヤを磨耗を低減し耐久性を向上すると共に、操作性、安全性も向上することができる。
【0030】
尚、前記旋回制御及び操向制御は、車体の後進状態や左右ブレーキペダルの連結状態を検出して牽制する構成としても良い。
また、前記各旋回制御を各々入切する構成としても良い。例えば、ブレーキ制御だけを作動するときには、これと同時或いはその後に前記中間ケース4を旋回内側へ回動させる。また前輪増速制御だけを作動させるときも、この作動と同時或いはその後に前輪13を増速させる。また前記中間ケース4を旋回内側へ向かって回動させるタイミングは、前記のようにハンドル切れ角に基く形態の他、先に出力した旋回制御から時間差で作動する構成としても良い。
【0031】
次に、前記操向制御の別形態に付いて説明する。
図6に示す形態では、前記中間ケース操向用油圧シリンダ7L,7Rをアクスルハウジング1の左右端部の背面に夫れ夫れ一体に構成したものであって、且つ左右独立して前記中間ケース4を回動させるものである。これにより、例えば前記のようにトラクタの路上走行時を検出した状態では、前輪13を平面視でハの字状形態にトーイン角を制御(鎖線Tの位置に回動)してトラクタの高速路上走行時の直進安定性を向上させることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】フロントアクスルハウジングの平面図。
【図2】フロントアクスルハウジングの正面図。
【図3】操向制御のブロック図とステアリングハンドルの操作角説明図。
【図4】トラクタの側面図。
【図5】その伝動機構線図。
【図6】一部別形態を示すフロントアクスルハウジング部の平面図。
【符号の説明】
1 アクスルハウジング
2 全油圧式パワーステアリング装置
3 車軸ケース
4 中間ケース
7 中間ケース操向用油圧シリンダ
13 前輪
14 後輪
32 ピットマンアーム
40 ステアリング切角センサ
41 作業/走行モード切替スイッチ
42 車速センサ
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a steering control device for a work vehicle such as a tractor or a riding lawn mower, and more particularly to improving a turning performance by increasing a turning angle of a front wheel when turning on a headland or the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-270456, an intermediate case rotatable around a first axis in a vertical direction is provided at both left and right end portions of an axle housing, and the intermediate case of each of the left and right is provided. There is known a steering device for a work vehicle provided with an axle case at an outer end portion thereof for supporting a front wheel and rotating around a second vertical axis disposed outside the first shaft. .
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2001-270456 A (page 1, FIG. 5)
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The work vehicle steering device disclosed in the above publication is designed to improve turning performance by increasing the turning angle of a wheel when turning on a ridge or the like, but these intermediate case and axle case are mechanically linked by a link mechanism. Because it is connected, when not working, for example, when the vehicle is running at high speed on a general road, the front wheels are excessively cut off, causing a sharp turn and impairing safety, or the front wheels are excessively cut off and tires are worn and endurance There was a problem of impairing the performance.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a steering control device for a work vehicle as follows. That is, in the invention of claim 1, an intermediate case (4) rotatable about a first shaft (29) in the vertical direction is provided at both left and right end portions of the axle housing (1). The outer end of the intermediate case (4) supports the front wheel (13) and is rotatable about a vertical second shaft (30) disposed outside the first shaft (29). In the working vehicle provided with the axle case (3),
A sensor (40) for detecting a turning operation of the vehicle is provided at a portion interlocked with the steering operation tool (5) of the vehicle, and the intermediate case (4) and the axle case (3) are respectively provided with actuators (7, 2) and the actuator (2) connected to the axle case (3) of the two actuators (7, 2) until the sensor (40) detects the turning operation of the vehicle. Control means (39) for steering the front wheel (13) and turning the front wheel (13) inward by the two actuators (7, 2) when the turning operation of the vehicle is detected by the sensor (40); And a steering control device for a working vehicle.
(Operation of Claim 1)
According to the first aspect of the present invention, the actuator connected to the axle case (3) of the two actuators (7, 2) until the turning operation of the vehicle is detected, that is, in the general steering operation. The front wheel (13) is steered by the drive of (2). When the sensor (40) detects a turning operation of the vehicle, that is, a sharp turn assumed to be in operation, the front wheels (13) are steered inward by the two actuators (7, 2).
[0006]
Further, in the invention according to claim 2, the vehicle has a front wheel speed increasing mechanism for increasing a peripheral speed of the front wheel (13) in comparison with a peripheral speed of the rear wheel (14) in conjunction with a turning operation of the vehicle. (58), and the control means (39) moves the front wheel (13) inward by the actuators (7, 2) simultaneously with or after the operation of the front wheel speed increasing mechanism (58). The steering control device for a work vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the steering is performed.
(Function of Claim 2)
According to the second aspect of the present invention, when a turning operation of the vehicle, that is, a sharp turn assumed to be at the time of work is detected, the front wheel speed increasing mechanism (58) is operated simultaneously with or after the operation. The front wheels (13) are steered inward by the two actuators (7, 2).
[0007]
According to the third aspect of the present invention, the vehicle includes a brake hydraulic cylinder (55) that brakes a rear wheel (14) inside the turn in conjunction with a turning operation of the vehicle, and the control means (39) includes: 2. The front wheel (13) is steered inward by the actuators (7, 2) simultaneously with or after the operation of the brake hydraulic cylinder (55). A steering control device for the work vehicle was used.
(Function of Claim 3)
According to the third aspect of the present invention, when a turning operation of the vehicle, that is, a sharp turn assumed to be at the time of work is detected, the brake hydraulic cylinder (55) is operated simultaneously with or after the operation. The front wheels (13) are steered inward by the two actuators (7, 2).
[0008]
【The invention's effect】
Thus, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the front wheel (13) is not severely cut when the vehicle is not turning at the time of work, for example, when the course is adjusted to change lanes or the vehicle turns at a right angle at the time of traveling of the vehicle. , Safety and operability can be improved. Further, the front wheels are not always excessively cut, so that the tires can be reduced in wear and durability can be improved.
[0009]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, the front wheel (13) is steered inward by the actuators (7, 2) simultaneously with or after the front wheel speed increasing mechanism (58) is operated. The soil and grass on the running surface can be pushed forward to prevent the working area from being roughened, and the vehicle can turn smoothly.
[0010]
Similarly, the front wheel (13) is steered inward by the two actuators (7, 2) simultaneously with or after actuation of the brake hydraulic cylinder (55) on the inside of the turn. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the working land from being pushed out by pushing the soil and grass on the running surface forward with the tires as much as possible and to smoothly turn.
[0011]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, a case where the present invention is mounted on an agricultural tractor will be described.
First, an overview of the entire tractor will be described.
The tractor has a front wheel 13 and a rear wheel 14, as shown in FIG. 4, drives the front and rear wheels 13, 14 by driving an engine 16 mounted in a bonnet 15 and travels. The front steering wheel 13 is steered left and right by the steering wheel 5. A driver's seat 17 is mounted on the rear part of the vehicle body, and the periphery is surrounded by a cabin. At the rear of the engine 16, a clutch housing 18, a front transmission case 19, and a rear transmission case 20 are sequentially connected to form a vehicle body frame.
[0012]
The front wheel 13 transmits power from a transmission shaft 57 projecting from a lower front surface of the front transmission case 19 to an input shaft of the front axle housing 1, and a front pivotally supported by a center pivot 22 as described later. It is driven by various transmission shafts in the axle housing 1, the intermediate case 4, and the axle case 3.
[0013]
The rear wheel 14 is mounted on a rear axle housing 24 connected to the left and right sides of a rear transmission case 20 by a rear axle 25.
Reference numeral 27 in FIG. 4 denotes a PTO shaft, and reference numeral 28 denotes a lift arm for lifting and lowering the work machine 66 connected to the rear of the vehicle body.
[0014]
A lower link 8 on the left and right and a top link 9 are connected to the rear end of the rear transmission case 20 so as to be movable up and down. The lower link 8 is connected to the lift arm 28 by a lift rod 10. The working machine 66 is moved up and down by driving the working machine lifting hydraulic cylinder 12a at the upper part of the case 20. The rotation shafts 11 of the left and right lower links 8 are configured to support an auxiliary cylinder 12b connected to the lift arm 28 by sharing the coaxial 11.
[0015]
Thus, the working machine 66 is raised to the height set by the lifting position setting device 77 on the side of the cockpit by vertically operating the lever-operated working machine lifting switch 6 below the steering handle 5. Has become. Here, the lifting position of the working machine at the time of normal work, and at the time of reverse movement and turning, is configured to be set by separate setting devices 77a and 77b.
[0016]
Next, the configuration of the front wheel 13 and the front axle housing 1 of the tractor will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
First, an intermediate case 4 is provided on both left and right sides of the front axle housing 1 so as to be steerable and rotatable around an intermediate case shaft 29 (first axis) along the vertical direction. An axle case 3 is provided at the outer end of each of the left and right intermediate cases 4 so as to be steerable and rotatable around an axle case shaft 30 (second axis) which is also along the vertical direction. Then, the front wheel 13 is attached to a front axle 23 outside the axle case 3, and is driven to rotate through the front axle housing 1, the intermediate case 4, the transmission shafts and the bevel gears in the axle case 3, and the like.
[0017]
A steering shaft 31 of the steering wheel 5 is connected to a pitman arm 32 serving as a first actuator via an all-hydraulic power steering 2, and the arm 32 is connected to the axle case 3 via a rod 33. The steering arm 34 of the left and right axle case 3 is connected with a tie rod 35, and the left and right axle case 3, that is, the front wheel 13, is steered around the axle case shaft 30 by rotating the handle 5. It turns.
[0018]
The left and right intermediate cases 4 have a steering arm 36 at the rear, and the arm 36 is attached to a side surface of the front axle bracket 21, a double-acting intermediate case steering hydraulic cylinder 7 (the The left and right intermediate cases 4 are steered and rotated around the intermediate case shaft 29 by expansion and contraction of the intermediate case steering hydraulic cylinder 7.
[0019]
As shown in FIG. 3, the steering control of the front wheels 13 by operating the steering wheel is performed by inputting a work / running mode changeover switch 41 and a steering wheel for detecting the turning angle of the steering wheel 5 to the input side of a controller 39 serving as a control means. An angle sensor 40, a turning control on / off switch 67, a vehicle speed sensor 42, a work implement elevating switch 6, an up position setting device 77a, 77b, and the like are connected. The solenoids 43L and 43R of the switching control valves that actuate the brakes, the solenoid 68 of the switching control valve that operates the front wheel speed increasing mechanism described below to speed up the front wheels, and the brake switching control valve that brakes the left and right rear wheels respectively. , And solenoids 78 and 79 of a switching control valve for raising and lowering the work implement are connected.
[0020]
When the steering angle of the steering wheel 5 is equal to or smaller than a predetermined value, specifically, when the steering angle is less than the angle C which is assumed to be a turning operation at the time of work, the controller 39 assumes that the steering is in a normal steering state and does not perform the output. By turning only the arm 32, the axle case 3, ie, the front wheel 13, is steered and rotated around the axle case shaft 30.
[0021]
When the handle 5 is turned beyond the angle C, the turn is performed during the operation, and the output is sent to the solenoid 43 of the switching control valve. The steering hydraulic cylinder 7 is operated to rotate the intermediate case 4, that is, the front wheel 13, to the inside of the turning.
[0022]
Further, when the mode changeover switch 41 is switched to the driving mode or when the vehicle speed sensor 42 detects a high speed driving state exceeding a certain level, the output to the switching control valve solenoid valve 43 is always canceled and the steering operation is performed. Control is not performed.
[0023]
The means for detecting the turning operation of the vehicle at the time of the work may be configured to detect the turning speed of the steering wheel 5. It may be configured to detect the steering angle and the steering angular velocity.
Next, a transmission mechanism of the tractor will be described with reference to FIG.
[0024]
The rotational power of the engine 16 is taken out to an output shaft 45 via a main clutch 44, and sequentially passes through a forward / reverse switching device 46, a four-speed main transmission 47, a three-speed auxiliary transmission 48, and the like. 49. Further, the power is transmitted from the output shaft 49 to the rear wheel transmission shaft 51 and the rear axle 25 via the rear differential mechanism 50. The output shaft 49 is provided with a vehicle speed sensor 42. A steering brake 52 is provided on each of the left and right rear wheel transmission shafts 51 extending from the rear differential mechanism 50, and left and right brake petals 54 disposed on the right foot side of a floor 53 in the cabin are provided. The braking is performed through a stepping operation or driving of the brake hydraulic cylinder 55. Further, front wheel take-out shafts 56 and 57 for transmitting the front wheels 13 are gear-transmitted from the output shaft 49. The front wheel speed-up mechanism 58 is provided between the front wheel take-out shafts 56 and 57, and the drive rotation of the front wheel 13 is switched from substantially the same speed to the double speed of the rear wheel 14 by a switching operation of the internal clutch to increase the speed. Speed up. Further, the front wheel take-out shaft 57 can be transmitted to a front differential mechanism 59 at the center of the front axle housing 1 to transmit the front wheel transmission shaft 60 to transmit the front wheel 13.
[0025]
Reference numeral 27 in the drawing denotes a PTO shaft protruding from the rear of the tractor, and the coaxial 27 is also driven by the rotational power of the engine 16 via a clutch 61, a forward / reverse switching clutch 62, a transmission gear 63 and the like. .
The relationship between the steering control device configured as described above and other turning control (work implement lifting control, front wheel speed-up control, brake control) will be described.
[0026]
The turning control is operated when the turning control ON / OFF switch 67 is ON, and each control is operated according to the operation angle of the handle 5. As shown in FIG. 3, set angles A, B, and C are set in the turning angle of the handle 5 in order of increasing turning angle from the neutral position N. Then, the work implement 66 is automatically raised by the lift arm 28 from the neutral position N to a set position of the reverse / turning raising position setting device 77b at a fixed turning angle position A, and is turned to a fixed turning angle position B. As a result, the rear wheel 14 inside the turning is braked, and furthermore, the front wheel speed increasing mechanism 58 is switched to the double speed increasing position by being rotated to the constant turning angle position C.
[0027]
In such turning control, when the intermediate case 4 is rotated around the intermediate case shaft 29 by operating the intermediate case steering hydraulic cylinder 7 to increase the steering angle of the front wheel 13, the front wheel increase is required. It is operated at the angle at which the speed mechanism 58 operates, that is, at the set angle C or at an angle C + α larger than that.
[0028]
Thus, before steering the intermediate case 4, the front wheel 13 pushes the soil on the running surface forward by the front wheels 13 in order to increase the speed of the front wheels or to activate the rear wheel brake on the inside of the turn to shift the tractor to a sharp turn. Problems such as roughening of the field can be prevented as much as possible, and the vehicle can turn smoothly.
[0029]
The turning control and the steering control can be appropriately turned on and off by turning on / off the turning control on / off switch 67. Therefore, the course is adjusted to change lanes on a general road or the like, and the vehicle turns at a right-angle intersection. Occasionally, the front wheels are not excessively cut, so that the tires can be reduced in wear and durability, and operability and safety can be improved.
[0030]
Note that the turning control and the steering control may be configured to detect the backward movement state of the vehicle body or the connection state of the left and right brake pedals to perform a check.
Further, a configuration may be employed in which each of the turning controls is turned on / off. For example, when only the brake control is operated, the intermediate case 4 is turned to the inside of the turning at the same time or thereafter. When only the front wheel speed-up control is operated, the front wheel 13 is speeded up simultaneously with or after this operation. The timing of rotating the intermediate case 4 toward the inside of the turn may be based on the steering wheel turning angle as described above, or may be configured to operate with a time difference from the previously output turning control.
[0031]
Next, another embodiment of the steering control will be described.
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the intermediate case steering hydraulic cylinders 7L and 7R are integrally formed on the rear surfaces of the left and right ends of the axle housing 1, respectively, and the left and right independent intermediate case 4 is rotated. Thus, for example, in the state where the traveling of the tractor on the road is detected as described above, the toe-in angle is controlled (turned to the position of the dashed line T) by the front wheel 13 in a C-shape in plan view, and the tractor is moved on the high-speed road. Straight running stability during running can be improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a front axle housing.
FIG. 2 is a front view of a front axle housing.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of steering control and an explanatory diagram of an operation angle of a steering handle.
FIG. 4 is a side view of the tractor.
FIG. 5 is a diagram of the transmission mechanism.
FIG. 6 is a plan view of a front axle housing showing a partially different form.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Axle housing 2 Full hydraulic power steering device 3 Axle case 4 Intermediate case 7 Intermediate case steering hydraulic cylinder 13 Front wheel 14 Rear wheel 32 Pitman arm 40 Steering angle sensor 41 Work / running mode switch 42 Vehicle speed sensor

Claims (3)

アクスルハウジング(1)の左右両端部に、上下方向の第一軸(29)を中心に回動可能な中間ケース(4)を設け、前記左右夫れ夫れの中間ケース(4)の外端部に、前輪(13)を支持し且つ前記第一軸(29)よりも外側に配設する上下方向の第二軸(30)を中心に回動可能な車軸ケース(3)を設けた作業車両において、
前記車両の操向操作具(5)との連動部位に車両の旋回操作を検出するセンサ(40)を設け、前記中間ケース(4)と車軸ケース(3)に夫れ夫れアクチュエータ(7,2)を連動連結すると共に、前記センサ(40)により車両の旋回操作を検出する迄は前記両アクチュエータ(7,2)の内、車軸ケース(3)に連結したアクチュエータ(2)の駆動で前記前輪(13)を操向し、前記センサ(40)により車両の旋回操作を検出した時には、前記両アクチュエータ(7,2)により前記前輪(13)を旋回内側に操向する制御手段(39)を備えたことを特徴とする作業車両の操向制御装置。
At both left and right ends of the axle housing (1), an intermediate case (4) rotatable around a first shaft (29) in the vertical direction is provided, and outer ends of the left and right intermediate cases (4) are provided. Work for providing an axle case (3) that supports the front wheel (13) and is rotatable about a second vertical shaft (30) disposed outside the first shaft (29). In the vehicle,
A sensor (40) for detecting a turning operation of the vehicle is provided at a portion interlocked with the steering operation tool (5) of the vehicle, and the intermediate case (4) and the axle case (3) are respectively provided with actuators (7, 2) and the actuator (2) connected to the axle case (3) of the two actuators (7, 2) until the sensor (40) detects the turning operation of the vehicle. Control means (39) for steering the front wheel (13) and turning the front wheel (13) inward by the two actuators (7, 2) when the turning operation of the vehicle is detected by the sensor (40); A steering control device for a work vehicle, comprising:
前記車両には、車両の旋回操作に連動して前記前輪(13)の周速を後輪(14)の周速に比して増速する前輪増速機構(58)を備え、前記制御手段(39)は、前記前輪増速機構(58)を作動させると同時、或いはその作動後に前記両アクチュエータ(7,2)により前記前輪(13)を旋回内側に操向することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の作業車両の操向制御装置。The vehicle includes a front wheel speed increasing mechanism (58) for increasing the peripheral speed of the front wheels (13) in comparison with the peripheral speed of the rear wheels (14) in conjunction with a turning operation of the vehicle. (39) The front wheel (13) is steered inward by the two actuators (7, 2) simultaneously with or after the operation of the front wheel speed increasing mechanism (58). Item 2. A steering control device for a work vehicle according to Item 1. 前記車両には、車両の旋回操作に連動して旋回内側の後輪(14)を制動するブレーキ用油圧シリンダ(55)を備え、前記制御手段(39)は、前記ブレーキ用油圧シリンダ(55)を作動させると同時、或いはその作動後に前記両アクチュエータ(7,2)により前記前輪(13)を旋回内側に操向することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の作業車両の操向制御装置。The vehicle includes a brake hydraulic cylinder (55) for braking a rear wheel (14) inside the turn in conjunction with a turning operation of the vehicle, and the control means (39) includes a brake hydraulic cylinder (55). The steering control device for a work vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the front wheels (13) are steered to the inside of the turn by the two actuators (7, 2) at the same time as or after the actuation of the steering wheel.
JP2003054262A 2003-02-28 2003-02-28 Steering control device of working vehicle Pending JP2004262327A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20130097480A (en) 2012-02-24 2013-09-03 삼성테크윈 주식회사 Steering device for vehicle capable of cycle steering and vehicle having the same
WO2016039312A1 (en) * 2014-09-11 2016-03-17 Ntn株式会社 Steering device and vehicle running mode switching method

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20130097480A (en) 2012-02-24 2013-09-03 삼성테크윈 주식회사 Steering device for vehicle capable of cycle steering and vehicle having the same
WO2016039312A1 (en) * 2014-09-11 2016-03-17 Ntn株式会社 Steering device and vehicle running mode switching method

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