JP2004210002A - Transmission mechanism of travel gear - Google Patents

Transmission mechanism of travel gear Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004210002A
JP2004210002A JP2002378480A JP2002378480A JP2004210002A JP 2004210002 A JP2004210002 A JP 2004210002A JP 2002378480 A JP2002378480 A JP 2002378480A JP 2002378480 A JP2002378480 A JP 2002378480A JP 2004210002 A JP2004210002 A JP 2004210002A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
axle
rotation
clutch
turning
steering lever
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP2002378480A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP4292338B2 (en
Inventor
Takahiko Kamimura
孝彦 上村
Hiromasa Kikuzawa
尋正 菊沢
Yoshimasa Matsuda
善正 松田
Takafumi Akiyama
尚文 秋山
Mikiji Hirota
幹司 廣田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Iseki and Co Ltd
Iseki Agricultural Machinery Mfg Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Iseki and Co Ltd
Iseki Agricultural Machinery Mfg Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2002378480A priority Critical patent/JP4292338B2/en
Publication of JP2004210002A publication Critical patent/JP2004210002A/en
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  • Arrangement Of Transmissions (AREA)
  • Motor Power Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Non-Deflectable Wheels, Steering Of Trailers, Or Other Steering (AREA)
  • Retarders (AREA)
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a transmission mechanism of a travel gear capable of enhancing its operating easiness and the followup characteristic of a machine body travel gear after the operation, decreasing the reaction delay for the operation, and enhancing the running stability and the working effectiveness. <P>SOLUTION: The transmission mechanism of the travel gear is composed of a left and a right side clutches 15 to connect and disconnect the power transmitted to a left and a right axles 16 of the travel gear, a differential mechanism 20 to transmit the power to the axle 16 corresponding to the disconnected clutch 15, and a straight running clutch 38 and a clutch 50 for the vehicle to turn installed on a transmission path on the over-side of the differential mechanism 20, the clutch 50 functioning to make rotational transmission to the axle 16 at the time of turning. The clutch for turning 50 makes the boosting and sinking control of the connection pressure in accordance with the operating position of a steering lever 56, performs a control to generate the rotational difference between the left and right axles 16 corresponding to the inclining angle of the steering lever 56 by feeding back the actual rotating speed sensed by an axle rotation sensor 63 which senses the rotations of the left and right axles 16, and changes the gradient of the whole boosting and sinking line of the connection pressure in accordance with the operating position of the steering lever 56. Thereby enhancement of the accuracy in the turning control and its quickening can be established compatibly and also the total operating easiness be enhanced, and further it is possible to enhance the followup performance of the travel gear after the conducted operation, decrease the reaction relay with respect to the operation, and enhance the running stability. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明が属する技術分野】
本発明は、走行装置の伝動機構に係るものである。
【0002】
【従来技術】
従来、走行装置の左右車軸への動力伝達を断続する左右サイドクラッチと、左右車軸に伝達する回転に制動を加えるブレーキ装置と、スピンターン用の切替クラッチとを夫々設け、前記車軸回転センサが検出した回転をフィードバックし、操向レバーの位置に応じた旋回するように制御する走行装置の伝動機構は公知である(例えば、特許文献1参照)。
【0003】
【特許文献1】
特開平7−205832号公報(5頁、図9)
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
前記公知例の旋回制御は、旋回操作があったときに、実際の車軸の回転数をフィードバックし、操向レバーの位置に応じた旋回するように制御するが、操向レバーの操作角度が変わると、改めて車軸回転センサで実際の車軸の回転をフィードバックし、操向レバーの位置に応じた旋回するように制御するため、一々車軸回転センサで実際の車軸の回転数をフィードバックして修正を行う分、制御が煩雑になり、円滑な旋回ができないという課題がある。
即ち、単に操向レバーの傾倒に応じた信号出力のみで旋回すると、圃場条件等によって旋回半径が相違し、操作性が低いので、実際の車軸の回転をフィードバックするフィードバック制御すると、圃場条件等を加味して旋回制御できて、操作性は向上するが、前記したように、修正を行う分、制御が煩雑になるという課題が発生する。
本願は、実際の車軸の回転をフィードバックするフィードバック制御でありながら、迅速な対応を可能にして、操作性の向上と迅速な制御を両立させたものである。
また、グレンタンクを搭載したコンバインの場合、左右重量バランスを考慮した旋回制御を実現したものである。
また、刈取作業において旋回初期の旋回量を増加させて操向性能を向上させつつ、作業条件によって適切な制御をできるようにしたものである。
【0005】
【発明の目的】
操作性の向上、旋回制御の精度の向上と迅速化の両立、操作に対する走行装置の追従性の向上、操作に対する反応遅れの減少、走行安定性の向上、作業性の向上。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明では、走行装置の左右車軸16、16への動力伝達を断続する左右サイドクラッチ15を設け、前記左右サイドクラッチ15うちの切りにされた車軸16へ動力伝達する差動機構20を設け、該差動機構20の上手側の伝達経路には、差動機構20が直進時の車軸16に前記左右サイドクラッチ15からの回転と同期して伝達する直進用クラッチ38と旋回時に前記車軸16に回転伝達する旋回用クラッチ50とを夫々設け、前記旋回用クラッチ50は機体の操縦部55に設けた操向レバー56の操作位置に応じて接続圧力を昇降制御すると共に、前記左右の車軸16の回転を検出する車軸回転センサ63により検出した実際の回転数をフィードバックさせて操向レバー56の傾倒角度に対応した左右車軸16の回転差となる制御を行うように構成し、且つ、前記車軸回転センサ63による検出値に基づいて操向レバー56の操作位置に応じた接続圧力の昇降ライン全体の傾斜を変更するようにした走行装置の伝動機構としたものであり、
直進状態では左右サイドクラッチ15からの回転が車軸16に伝達され、操向レバー56を操作すると、左右サイドクラッチ15の一方を切りにし、これに対応する車軸16には差動機構20の左右差動出力軸21のいずれかより回転が伝達されて旋回する。
差動機構20は、直進用クラッチ38が入りのときサイドクラッチ15から伝達される回転に同期した回転を車軸16に伝達し、旋回用クラッチ50が入りになってケース22に伝達する回転を変更すると、旋回内側となる車軸16を旋回外側の車軸16より遅く駆動回転させて行う緩旋回や、旋回内側となる車軸を停止させて行なうブレーキターンや、旋回内側となる車軸を旋回外側の車軸と反対に駆動回転させて行なうスピンターン等が可能になり、この操向レバー56の操作の操作位置に応じて直進用クラッチ38と旋回用クラッチ50の夫々の接続圧力を昇降制御する。この直進用クラッチ38と旋回用クラッチ50の夫々の接続圧力の昇降制御は、操向レバー56による操作を操向レバー位置検出部57で検出すると、この操作角度に応じた旋回半径となるように予め設定されている接続圧となるように旋回用クラッチ50に昇圧し、同時に、車軸回転センサ63により実際の回転数を検出し、この実際の回転数をコントローラ58にフィードバックし、左右の車軸16が所定の旋回半径で旋回するように、旋回用クラッチ50を昇降制御する。
そして、実際の回転数をコントローラ58にフィードバックした際に、このフィードバック情報に基づいて、旋回用クラッチ50の接続圧力の昇降ラインの傾斜全体を最適状態に変更する。
本発明では、操向レバー56を最大に傾倒させたとき、旋回内側の車軸16の回転を「0」にして行うブレーキターンとなるように旋回用クラッチ50の接続圧を設定し、前記車軸回転センサ63により検出した実際の回転数をフィードバックさせて旋回内側の車軸16の回転が「0」となるように昇降制御するようにした走行装置の伝動機構としたものであり、操向レバー56を最大に傾倒させると、旋回内側の車軸16の回転が「0」となるブレーキターンの信号出力して旋回を開始し、実際の回転数をコントローラ58にフィードバックして、旋回内側の車軸16の回転が「0」以下の場合降圧し、旋回内側の車軸16の回転が「0」以上の場合昇圧して、操向レバー56の操作角度に対応した旋回半径となるように制御する。
そして、実際の回転数のフィードバック上方に基づいて、旋回用クラッチ50の接続圧力の昇降ラインの傾斜全体を、旋回内側の車軸16の回転が「0」以下の場合傾斜角度を緩くし、旋回内側の車軸16の回転が「0」以上の場合傾斜角度を急にして、操向レバー56を最大操作するだけでブレーキ圧(旋回用クラッチ50の接続圧力)を自動調整する。
本発明では、走行装置70の左右車軸16、16への動力伝達を断続する左右サイドクラッチ15を設け、前記左右サイドクラッチ15うちの切りにされた車軸16へ動力伝達する差動機構20を設け、該差動機構20の上手側の伝達経路には、差動機構20が直進時の車軸16に前記左右サイドクラッチ15からの回転と同期して伝達する直進用クラッチ38と旋回時に前記車軸16に回転伝達する旋回用クラッチ50とを夫々設け、前記旋回用クラッチ50は機体の操縦部55に設けた操向レバー56の操作位置に応じて接続圧力を昇降制御すると共に、前記左右の車軸16の回転を検出する車軸回転センサ63により検出した実際の回転数をフィードバックさせて操向レバー56の傾倒角度に対応した左右車軸16の回転差となる制御を行うように構成し、前記走行装置70の上方一側に脱穀装置71を、上方他側にグレンタンク72を夫々設けたコンバインにおいて、グレンタンク72には穀粒量検出センサ73を設け、穀粒量検出センサ73により穀粒を検出すると、その検出量により操向レバー56の操作方向および操作角度と前記旋回用クラッチ50の接続圧の昇降ラインの傾斜関係を変更(シフト)するように構成した走行装置の伝動機構としたものであり、グレンタンク72が空のとき左右何れの旋回でも旋回用クラッチ50の接続圧は同じになるが、グレンタンク72内の穀粒量が多くなるに従いグレンタンク72側へ旋回用クラッチ50を傾倒させたとき旋回用クラッチ50の接続圧は低く、反グレンタンク72側への旋回では旋回用クラッチ50の接続圧力は高くなるように、予め、昇降ラインを穀粒量に応じて複数段階に設定し、穀粒量検出センサ73による検出量により昇降ラインをシフトするようにし、刈取脱穀作業開始直後と、終了間近でも、操向レバー56が同じ傾倒角であれば同じ旋回半径となって、左右重量バランスの変動の影響を最小限にして旋回する。
本発明では、走行装置の左右車軸16、16への動力伝達を断続する左右サイドクラッチ15を設け、前記左右サイドクラッチ15うちの切りにされた車軸16へ動力伝達する差動機構20を設け、該差動機構20の上手側の伝達経路には、差動機構20が直進時の車軸16に前記左右サイドクラッチ15からの回転と同期して伝達する直進用クラッチ38と旋回時に前記車軸16に回転伝達する旋回用クラッチ50とを夫々設け、前記旋回用クラッチ50は機体の操縦部55に設けた操向レバー56の操作位置に応じて接続圧力を昇降制御すると共に、前記左右の車軸16の回転を検出する車軸回転センサ63により検出した実際の回転数をフィードバックさせて操向レバー56の傾倒角度に対応した左右車軸16の回転差となる制御を行うように構成し、前記走行装置70の上方一側に脱穀装置71を、上方他側にグレンタンク72を、走行装置70のの前側に刈取部刈取部75を夫々設けたコンバインにおいて、刈取脱穀作業中、中立位置から所定角度の操向レバー56の初期操作の傾倒角度のとき、旋回用クラッチ50の接続圧力を一旦急上昇させ、更に操向レバー56を傾倒させると、接触圧力「0」から所定最大圧力に向けて所定の昇圧ラインで昇降制御するように構成し、前記初期操作に伴う急な昇圧は、前記刈取部75が一定高さ以上に位置するとき、実行を規制するように構成した走行装置の伝動機構としたものであり、通常の刈取脱穀作業中には、中立位置から所定角までの初期操作を操向レバー56により行うと、旋回用クラッチ50の接続圧力を急に昇圧させ、急激な方向変換を可能にし、刈取部75の刈高さセンサ76により一定高さ以上に刈取部75が位置するときは、旋回用クラッチ50の接続圧力の急な昇圧を止めた非作業中の昇降ラインに切替える。
そのため、道や畦から進入して刈り始める場合、機体が前傾の場合旋回開始のショックがあると作業性が悪いが、ショックのない円滑な微調整可能な旋回となる。
【0007】
【発明の効果】
請求項1では、旋回制御の精度の向上と迅速化を両立させ、全体の操作性を向上させ、操作に対する走行装置の追従性を向上させ、操作に対する反応遅れを減少させ、走行安定性を向上させる。
請求項2では、前項に加えて、操向レバー56を最大操作するだけで旋回用クラッチ50の接続圧力を自動調整でき、操作性を向上させる。
請求項3では、左右重量バランスに影響されずに旋回制御でき、操作性および作業性を向上させる。
請求項4では、刈り始めがスムーズに、しかも、機体前傾状態の刈取作業でも円滑になる。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の実施例を図面により説明すると、1はコンバイン等の作業機の左右一対のクローラからなる走行装置のミッションケースであり、上部位置に走行速度を変速する走行用油圧式主変速装置(ハイドロスタチックトランスミッション)2を設けている。
3はエンジンからの回転を走行用油圧式主変速装置2に入力する入力プーリ、4は走行用油圧式主変速装置2の出力軸であるが、ミッションケース1の入力軸となる。5は副変速軸であり、副変速軸5には一体的に回転するように歯車群6を設け、歯車群6にはカウンタ軸7の歯車8を選択的に噛み合わせる。カウンタ軸7により回転する中間軸9にはセンターギヤ10を設け、センターギヤ10はサイドクラッチ軸11に固定の受動歯車12と常時噛合っている。
サイドクラッチ軸11にはサイドクラッチ歯車13を摺動自在に設け、サイドクラッチ歯車13に設けたクラッチ爪を受動歯車12の内歯に継脱自在に嵌合させて、左右サイドクラッチ15を形成する。左右サイドクラッチ15の構成は任意であり、実施例には限定されない。
サイドクラッチ歯車13は左右車軸16に設けた車軸歯車17に夫々噛み合わせて、車軸16に回転を伝達する。
【0009】
しかして、サイドクラッチ軸11の近傍には差動機構20を設け、差動機構20はその左右差動出力軸21に相互の回転数を変更して出力する。差動機構20は、ミッションケース1内に回転自在にケース22を設け、ケース22内には前記左右差動出力軸21の夫々の先端を臨ませる。実施例の左右差動出力軸21は軸筒形状に形成し、左右差動出力軸21はミッションケース1に設けた取付軸21aに夫々独立して回転するように嵌合させる。この左右差動出力軸21の先端には左右傘歯車23を相対峙するように設ける。左右傘歯車23も実施例では左右差動出力軸21の先端に一体に設け、取付軸21aに遊嵌させている。
左右傘歯車23にはそれぞれケース22に固定の軸24に回転自在に取付けた中間傘歯車25を噛合わせ、前記ケース22の外周にはケース回転受動歯車26を設け、左右差動出力軸21の夫々に設けた旋回伝達歯車35を車軸歯車17に夫々噛み合わせる。
差動機構20は、ケース回転受動歯車26を介してケース22の回転を変更し、左右差動出力軸21の夫々に設けた旋回伝達歯車35の回転を変更することにより旋回内側となる車軸を旋回外側の車軸より遅く駆動回転させて行なう緩旋回と、旋回内側となる車軸を停止させて行なうブレーキターンと、旋回内側となる車軸を旋回外側の車軸と反対に駆動回転させて行なうスピンターンとを行う。
【0010】
しかして、差動機構20の近傍には、前記ケース回転受動歯車26に回転を伝達する旋回用伝達装置30を設ける。31はケース回転受動歯車26に常時噛合うケース回転歯車であり、旋回用中間軸32に設ける。旋回用中間軸32には内側ボス33を回転のみ自在に嵌合させ、内側ボス33には直進用入力歯車34を一体回転するように設ける。直進用入力歯車34は前記センターギヤ10と常時噛合っている受動歯車12に常時噛合せる。
また、前記旋回用中間軸32の外周にはケーシング37を一体回転するように設け、ケーシング37の内周にはディスクを設け、該ディスクは前記内側ボス33の外周に設けたディスクと継脱自在に当接するようにして直進用クラッチ38を構成する。
直進用クラッチ38は入りになると、前記センターギヤ10の回転を直進用入力歯車34から内側ボス33を介してケーシング37に伝達し、ケーシング37が旋回用中間軸32を回転させてケース回転歯車31を回転させる。
差動機構20は、直進用クラッチ38が入りのとき、差動機構20から伝達する回転が左右サイドクラッチ15から伝達される回転と同じにしてメカロックしないように、左右差動出力軸21、21の夫々が同じ回転数になるようにケース22を回転させて直進用に作動させ、同一回転している左右傘歯車23の回転を旋回伝達歯車35を介して左右車軸16に伝達させて直進する。
【0011】
前記ケーシング37の外周にはドラム40を設け、ドラム40の基部側にはピストン41を設け、ピストン41とミッションケース1の間に外側シリンダ室42を形成する。
ドラム40には内側プレート43を設け、送油口44から外側シリンダ室42に送油されると、ピストン41とドラム40と内側プレート43が図3の矢印方向に移動してケーシング37のディスクを内側ボス33の外周のディスクから離脱させて、直進用クラッチ38を切りにする。
内側プレート43のケース回転歯車31側には外側プレート45を設け、前記内側プレート43と外側プレート45の間に直進用クラッチ38を入り方向に付勢するスプリング46を設け、スプリング46により直進用クラッチ38を常時入りにする。
前記内側ボス33の外周には外側ボス48を回転のみ自在に設け、外側ボス48の外周に設けたディスクにケーシング37の内周に設けたディスクを、継脱自在に当接するようにして旋回用クラッチ50を構成する。外側ボス48には旋回用入力歯車51を設け、旋回用入力歯車51には旋回用中間歯車51aを噛み合わせる。旋回用入力歯車51と旋回用中間歯車51aとは、サイドクラッチ15から車軸16に伝達する回転に対して所定の旋回半径となる回転を伝達しうるギヤ比に設定する(旋回用クラッチ50が完全に入り状態のとき前記差動機構20がスピンターン用の出力可能に設定)。
【0012】
旋回用クラッチ50は、外側シリンダ室42に送油して直進用クラッチ38を切りにすると、入りとなって、旋回用中間歯車51a→旋回用入力歯車51→外側ボス48→ディスク→ケーシング37→旋回用中間軸32を介してケース回転歯車31に伝達し、差動機構20を旋回用に作動させる。
即ち、直進用クラッチ38と旋回用クラッチ50は何れか一方が切りになると何れか他方が入りになるようにケーシング37に、夫々のディスクの移動方向に並設し、直進用クラッチ38のディスクの移動方向切り側に外側シリンダ室42を設け、直進用クラッチ38のディスクの移動方向入り側にスプリング46を設け、外側シリンダ室42に送油すると、ピストン41がドラム40と内側プレート43を移動させ、ケーシング37のディスクが内側ボス33の外周のディスクから離脱して、直進用クラッチ38を切りにし、ケーシング37の移動により外側プレート45が移動して旋回用クラッチ50を入りにする。
この場合、旋回用クラッチ50は、ディスクの接触圧力を変更し、回転伝達「0」の切り状態(直進用クラッチ38が入りで接触圧力が「0」)から入り状態へ無段階に伝達するようにし、これにより、前記差動機構20のケース22の回転を、前記したように、緩旋回と、ブレーキターンと、スピンターンとをできるように変速する。
【0013】
したがって、旋回用伝達装置30には、差動機構20を旋回用に作動させるための回転の伝達を継脱させる旋回用クラッチ50と、差動機構20を直進用に作動させるために回転伝達を継脱させる直進用クラッチ38とを設けている。
なお、実施例では、ブレーキターンは、作動機構20により旋回内側の車軸16の回転を停止させて行い、機体の制動は後述する走行速度を変更操作する主変速レバーにより行う。また、別途駐車ブレーキペダルを設けてもよい。
しかして、機体の操縦部55には操向レバー(パワステレバー)56を設け、操向レバー56の近傍には操向レバー56の操作位置を検出する操向レバー位置検出部(ポテンショメータ)57を設け、操向レバー位置検出部57により検出した操向レバー56の操作位置に応じて前記旋回用伝達装置30の直進用クラッチ38と旋回用クラッチ50の夫々の接続圧力を昇降制御し、これにより差動機構20が左右車軸16の何れかに伝達する回転を制御するように構成する。58はコントローラ58、59は走行速度を変更操作する主変速レバー、60は主変速レバー59の操作位置検出部、61は走行用油圧式主変速装置2の変速制御に置ける走行速度の変速ラインを変更操作する副変速レバー、62は副変速レバー61の操作位置検出部、63は左右車軸16、16の回転を検出する車軸回転センサ、64は油タンク、65は送油ポンプ、66は圧力制御弁である。
【0014】
前記旋回用クラッチ50の昇降制御は、操向レバー56による操作を操向レバー位置検出部57で検出すると、この操作角度に応じた旋回半径となるように予め設定されている接続圧に旋回用クラッチ50に昇圧し、所定時間経過後、車軸回転センサ63により実際の回転数を検出し、この実際の回転数をコントローラ58にフィードバックし、左右の車軸16が所定の旋回半径で旋回するように、旋回用クラッチ50を昇降制御する。
そして、実際の回転数をコントローラ58にフィードバックした際に、このフィードバック情報に基づいて、旋回用クラッチ50の接続圧力の昇降ラインの傾斜全体を最適状態に変更する。
したがって、続いて操向レバー56を傾倒操作すると、操向レバー56の操作角度に応じた最適な旋回用クラッチ50の昇降制御を行え、迅速且つ精度の高い旋回制御になる。
【0015】
即ち、操向レバー56の操作の度に車軸回転センサ63により実際の回転数をフィードバックさせて旋回用クラッチ50の接続圧力の昇降制御していると、フィードバックさせている分制御が遅れることになるが、本願のように、フィードバック情報に基づいて旋回用クラッチ50の接続圧力の昇降ラインの傾斜全体を変更すると、すぐに操作角度に応じた旋回半径となるように制御を実行でき、迅速且つ精度の高い旋回制御になる。
そして、一旦操向レバー56を中立位置に戻すと、再び前記制御を反復して行い、常に圃場の条件その他の旋回条件にあった最適な旋回用クラッチ50の接続圧力の昇降ラインの傾斜を変更する制御を実行する。
例えば、図5のように、操向レバー56を最大に傾倒させたとき、旋回内側の車軸16の回転を「0」にして行うブレーキターンに設定し、実際の回転数をコントローラ58にフィードバックして、旋回内側の車軸16の回転が「0」以下の場合降圧し、旋回内側の車軸16の回転が「0」以上の場合昇圧すると共に、旋回用クラッチ50の接続圧力の昇降ラインの傾斜全体を変更するので、円滑確実に旋回内側の車軸16の回転を「0」にして行うブレーキターンができる。
【0016】
換言すると、操向レバー56を最大操作するだけでブレーキ圧(旋回用クラッチ50の接続圧力)を自動調整する。
この場合、所定時間(例えば、2秒以上)操向レバー56を最大傾倒操作したとき旋回用クラッチ50の接続圧力を自動調節することにし、次指令まではその昇降ラインの傾斜を維持させて、誤操作を防止し、通常は、図6のように、圃場の角部分で大きく旋回するので、このときに操向レバー56を最大傾倒操作したとき旋回用クラッチ50の接続圧力を自動調節する。
しかして、走行装置70の上方に脱穀装置71を設け、脱穀装置71の側方にグレンタンク72を設けたコンバインにおいて、グレンタンク72には穀粒量検出センサ73を設け、穀粒量検出センサ73により穀粒を検出すると、その検出量により操向レバー56の操作角度と前記旋回用クラッチ50の接続圧の昇降ラインの関係を変更(シフト)するように構成する。
【0017】
即ち、グレンタンク72が空のときは左右何れも同じ接続圧になるが、グレンタンク72内の穀粒量が多くなるに従いグレンタンク72側の接続圧は低く、反グレンタンク72側への旋回では接続圧力は高くなるように、予め、昇降ラインを複数設定し、穀粒量検出センサ73による検出量により昇降ラインをシフトするようにしている(図7)。
図7において、Aはから状態、Bは略1/3、Cは略2/3、Dは満状態を示し、機体進行方向の左側に脱穀装置71を設け、右側にグレンタンク72を設けている。
したがって、刈取脱穀作業開始直後と、終了間近でも、操向レバー56が同じ傾倒角であれば同じ旋回半径となって、左右重量バランスの変動の影響を最小限にして旋回でき、操作性を向上させられる。
また、図8のように、グレンタンク72を設けた側に旋回するときのみ、予め複数設定した昇降ラインを、穀粒量検出センサ73による検出量によりシフトさせてもよい。
また、図9において、縦に並列させたのは接触式の穀粒量検出センサ73であり、天井に設けた穀粒量検出センサ73は超音波センサを表現しており、どのように設けてもよい。
【0018】
しかして、刈取脱穀作業中、中立位置から操向レバー56の初期操作の傾倒角度のとき、旋回用クラッチ50の接続圧力を急に昇圧(以下、初期圧という)させ、急激な操向操作を可能にし、条合せを容易にする所謂刈取用制御を実行するが、刈取部75の地面に対する高さを検出する刈高さセンサ76により一定高さ以上に刈取部75が位置するときは、初期圧のない非作業中の昇降ラインに切替える(図10)。
そのため、道や畦から進入して刈り始める場合、機体が前傾となって初期圧のショックがあると作業性が悪いが、この前傾状態になると、初期圧のない非作業中の昇降ラインに切替え、ショックのない円滑な微調整可能な旋回となる(図11)。
しかして、図12は、副変速機構の実施例を示し、副変速軸5には一体的に回転するように歯車群6を設ける。歯車6は軸方向に歯数の相違するものを一体的に摺動可能に副変速軸5に軸装する。歯車群6にはボール79を内蔵させ、ボール79はバネ80により副変速軸5に向けて突出するように付勢する。副変速軸5の外周にはボール79が嵌合する嵌合溝81を設け、ボール79は何れかの嵌合溝81に嵌合し、歯車群6の軸方向の移動を停止させる。複数の歯車群6の間にはシフタ係合溝82を設け、シフタ係合溝82にはシフタ83を係合させる。シフタ83はミッションケース1に軸装したチェンジアーム84に取付ける。
【0019】
したがって、図13に示す従来のようにシフタXと軸Yの間に設けたボール79と嵌合溝81の保持機構を、直接歯車群6と副変速軸5に設けることで、シフタステーを省略でき、構成を簡素化する。
しかして、ミッションケース1の外周には潤滑オイル用パイプ85を設ける。潤滑オイル用パイプ85の一端86は前記ドラム40の上側のミッションケース1に開口させて接続し、潤滑オイル用パイプ85の他端87は前記ドラム40の下側のミッションケース1に開口させて接続する。ミッションケース1内には潤滑オイルを所定量充填し、直進用クラッチ38および旋回用クラッチ50を作動させる作動用油とは独立使用しており、潤滑オイル用パイプ85にはポンプ等の積極的な強制循環手段は設けていないが、潤滑オイル用パイプ85内の潤滑油が熱対流等により循環し、ドラム40の周辺を冷却する。
【0020】
潤滑オイル用パイプ85の一端86と他端87との間の中間部は、ミッションケース1の外周に露出させて取付ける。
この場合、潤滑オイル用パイプ85の一端86と他端87との間の中間部は、ジグザグ状態に蛇行させ、あるいは、潤滑オイル用パイプ85の露出外周部分に冷却用フィンを設けてもよい。
なお、前記した各実施例は、理解を容易にするために、個別または混在させて図示、あるいは説明しているが、これらは夫々種々組合せ可能であり、これらの表現によって、構成・作用等が限定されるものではなく、また、相乗効果を奏する場合も勿論存在する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】コンバインの側面図。
【図2】ミッションケースの展開状態の縦断面略図。
【図3】ミッションケースの展開状態の旋回用クラッチ部分の縦断面略図。
【図4】ミッションケースと操縦部との制御配線概略図。
【図5】実施例の昇降ライン全体の傾斜を変更する制御説明図。
【図6】機体の走行と制御との関係を示す説明図。
【図7】他の実施例の昇降ライン全体の傾斜を変更する制御説明図。
【図8】他の実施例の昇降ライン全体の傾斜を変更する制御説明図。
【図9】グレンタンクの概略図。
【図10】他の実施例の油圧制御を示すグラフ図。
【図11】同作業状態の一例を示す概略図。
【図12】副変速軸部分の断面図。
【図13】同公知例図。
【図14】潤滑オイル用パイプを設けたミッションケースの側面図。
【図15】同断面図。
【符号の説明】
1…ミッションケース、2…走行用油圧式主変速装置、3…入力プーリ、4…入力軸、5…副変速軸、6…歯車群、7…カウンタ軸、8…歯車、10…センター軸、10…センターギヤ、12…受動歯車、11…サイドクラッチ軸、15…左右サイドクラッチ、16…車軸、17…車軸歯車、20…差動機構、21…左右差動出力軸、22…ケース、23…左右傘歯車、24…軸、25…中間傘歯車、26…ケース回転受動歯車、31…ケース回転歯車、32…旋回用中間軸、30…旋回用伝達装置、32…旋回用中間軸、31…ケース回転歯車、33…内側ボス、34…直進用入力歯車、35…旋回伝達歯車、37…ケーシング、38…直進用クラッチ、40…ドラム、41…ピストン、42…外側シリンダ室、44…送油口、43…内側プレート、45…外側プレート、46…スプリング、48…外側ボス、50…旋回用クラッチ、55…操縦部、56…操向レバー、57…操向レバー位置検出部、58…コントローラ、59…主変速レバー、60…操作位置検出部、63…車軸回転センサ、66…圧力制御弁、70…走行装置、71…脱穀装置、72…グレンタンク、73…穀粒量検出センサ、75…刈取部、76…刈高さセンサ、79…ボール、80…バネ、81…嵌合溝、82…シフタ係合溝、83…シフタ、84…チェンジアーム、85…潤滑オイル用パイプ。
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a transmission mechanism of a traveling device.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, a left and right side clutch for intermittently transmitting power to the left and right axles of the traveling device, a brake device for applying a brake to rotation transmitted to the left and right axles, and a switching clutch for spin turns are provided, and the axle rotation sensor detects the rotation. A transmission mechanism of a traveling device that feeds back the rotation thus performed and controls the vehicle to turn according to the position of the steering lever is known (for example, see Patent Document 1).
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-7-205832 (page 5, FIG. 9)
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the turning control of the known example, when a turning operation is performed, the actual number of rotations of the axle is fed back to control the turning according to the position of the steering lever, but the operating angle of the steering lever changes. Axle rotation sensor feeds back the actual axle rotation again and controls to turn according to the position of the steering lever. Therefore, there is a problem that control becomes complicated and smooth turning cannot be performed.
In other words, if the vehicle turns only with the signal output corresponding to the tilting of the steering lever, the turning radius differs depending on the field conditions and the like, and the operability is low. Although turning control can be performed in consideration of the above, the operability is improved, but as described above, the problem that the control is complicated by the correction is generated.
The present application is a feedback control that feeds back the actual rotation of the axle, but enables a quick response and achieves both improved operability and quick control.
In the case of a combine equipped with a Glen tank, the turning control is realized in consideration of the right and left weight balance.
Further, in the reaping operation, the turning amount at the beginning of turning is increased to improve the steering performance, and appropriate control can be performed according to the working conditions.
[0005]
[Object of the invention]
Improving operability, improving the accuracy and speed of turning control at the same time, improving the followability of the traveling device to the operation, reducing the delay in response to the operation, improving running stability, and improving workability.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the present invention, a left and right side clutch 15 for intermittently transmitting power to the left and right axles 16 of the traveling device is provided, and a differential mechanism 20 for transmitting power to the cut axle 16 of the left and right side clutches 15 is provided. The transmission path on the upper side of the differential mechanism 20 includes a straight-traveling clutch 38 that transmits the axle 16 to the axle 16 during straight traveling in synchronism with the rotation from the left and right side clutches 15 and the axle 16 during turning. A turning clutch 50 for transmitting rotation is provided, and the turning clutch 50 controls the connection pressure in accordance with the operation position of a steering lever 56 provided on a control section 55 of the fuselage. The actual rotation speed detected by the axle rotation sensor 63 for detecting the rotation is fed back to control the rotation difference between the left and right axles 16 corresponding to the tilt angle of the steering lever 56. And a transmission mechanism of the traveling device configured to change the inclination of the entire ascending / descending line of the connection pressure according to the operation position of the steering lever 56 based on the value detected by the axle rotation sensor 63. And
In the straight running state, the rotation from the left and right side clutches 15 is transmitted to the axle 16, and when the steering lever 56 is operated, one of the left and right side clutches 15 is disengaged, and the left and right difference of the differential mechanism 20 is added to the corresponding axle 16. The rotation is transmitted from one of the dynamic output shafts 21 to turn.
The differential mechanism 20 transmits the rotation synchronized with the rotation transmitted from the side clutch 15 to the axle 16 when the straight clutch 38 is engaged, and changes the rotation transmitted to the case 22 when the turning clutch 50 is engaged. Then, a gentle turn is performed by driving the axle 16 on the inner side of the turn slower than the axle 16 on the outer side of the turn, or a brake turn is performed by stopping the axle on the inner side of the turn. Conversely, a spin turn or the like performed by driving and rotating is enabled, and the connection pressure of each of the straight traveling clutch 38 and the turning clutch 50 is controlled to rise and fall in accordance with the operation position of the operation of the steering lever 56. The control for raising and lowering the connection pressure of each of the straight-running clutch 38 and the turning clutch 50 is such that when the operation of the steering lever 56 is detected by the steering lever position detection unit 57, the turning radius becomes in accordance with the operation angle. The pressure is raised to the turning clutch 50 so that the connection pressure becomes a preset connection pressure, and at the same time, the actual rotation speed is detected by the axle rotation sensor 63, and the actual rotation speed is fed back to the controller 58, and the left and right axles 16. The turning clutch 50 is controlled so as to turn at a predetermined turning radius.
Then, when the actual rotation speed is fed back to the controller 58, the entire inclination of the line for raising and lowering the connection pressure of the turning clutch 50 is changed to an optimum state based on this feedback information.
In the present invention, when the steering lever 56 is tilted to the maximum, the connection pressure of the turning clutch 50 is set such that the rotation of the axle 16 inside the turning is set to “0” and a brake turn is performed. This is a transmission mechanism of a traveling device in which the actual rotation speed detected by the sensor 63 is fed back to control the elevation of the axle 16 inside the turn so that the rotation of the axle 16 becomes “0”. When the vehicle is tilted to the maximum, the turn of the axle 16 on the inside of the turn is fed back to the controller 58 by outputting a signal of a brake turn at which the rotation of the axle 16 on the inside of the turn becomes “0” and fed back to the controller 58. Is lower than "0", the pressure is lowered, and when the rotation of the axle 16 inside the turn is "0" or more, the pressure is increased and the turning radius is controlled to correspond to the operation angle of the steering lever 56.
Then, based on the feedback of the actual rotational speed, the entire inclination of the ascending / descending line of the connection pressure of the turning clutch 50 is reduced, and if the rotation of the axle 16 inside the turning is “0” or less, the inclination angle is reduced, When the rotation of the axle 16 is "0" or more, the inclination angle is made steep, and the brake pressure (the connection pressure of the turning clutch 50) is automatically adjusted only by operating the steering lever 56 to the maximum.
In the present invention, the left and right side clutches 15 for intermittently transmitting power to the left and right axles 16 of the traveling device 70 are provided, and the differential mechanism 20 for transmitting power to the cut off axle 16 of the left and right side clutches 15 is provided. The transmission path on the upstream side of the differential mechanism 20 includes a straight-traveling clutch 38 that transmits the axle 16 to the axle 16 during straight traveling in synchronization with the rotation from the left and right side clutches 15 and the axle 16 during turning. And a turning clutch 50 for transmitting rotation to the vehicle. The turning clutch 50 controls the connection pressure in accordance with the operating position of a steering lever 56 provided on a control section 55 of the fuselage. The actual rotation speed detected by the axle rotation sensor 63 that detects the rotation of the steering wheel is fed back to provide a rotation difference between the left and right axles 16 corresponding to the tilt angle of the steering lever 56. In a combine where a threshing device 71 is provided on one side above the traveling device 70 and a Glen tank 72 is provided on the other upper side, a grain amount detection sensor 73 is provided in the Glen tank 72, and When the grain is detected by the amount detection sensor 73, the operation direction and the operation angle of the steering lever 56 and the inclination relationship of the line for raising and lowering the connection pressure of the turning clutch 50 are changed (shifted) based on the detected amount. When the Glen tank 72 is empty, the connection pressure of the turning clutch 50 is the same in both left and right turns, but as the grain amount in the Glen tank 72 increases, the Glen tank 72 becomes empty. The connection pressure of the turning clutch 50 is low when the turning clutch 50 is tilted to the 72 side, and the connection pressure of the turning clutch 50 when turning to the anti-Glen tank 72 side. Is set in advance in a plurality of stages according to the amount of grain, and the up / down line is shifted in accordance with the amount detected by the grain amount detection sensor 73. However, if the steering lever 56 has the same tilt angle, the turning radius becomes the same, and the turning is performed with the influence of the fluctuation of the right and left weight balance being minimized.
In the present invention, a left and right side clutch 15 for intermittently transmitting power to the left and right axles 16 of the traveling device is provided, and a differential mechanism 20 for transmitting power to the cut axle 16 of the left and right side clutches 15 is provided. The transmission path on the upper side of the differential mechanism 20 includes a straight-traveling clutch 38 that transmits the axle 16 to the axle 16 during straight traveling in synchronism with the rotation from the left and right side clutches 15 and the axle 16 during turning. A turning clutch 50 for transmitting rotation is provided, and the turning clutch 50 controls the connection pressure in accordance with the operation position of a steering lever 56 provided on a control section 55 of the fuselage. The actual rotation speed detected by the axle rotation sensor 63 for detecting the rotation is fed back to control the rotation difference between the left and right axles 16 corresponding to the tilt angle of the steering lever 56. In a combine having a threshing device 71 on one side above the traveling device 70, a Glen tank 72 on the other upper side, and a reaper reaper 75 on the front side of the traveling device 70, a cutting and threshing operation is performed. At the time of the initial operation of the steering lever 56 at a predetermined angle from the middle or neutral position, the connection pressure of the turning clutch 50 is once increased rapidly, and when the steering lever 56 is further tilted, the contact pressure becomes "0" from the contact pressure "0". It is configured so as to raise and lower by a predetermined pressure raising line toward the maximum pressure, and the sudden pressure increase accompanying the initial operation is configured to restrict the execution when the cutting unit 75 is located at a certain height or higher. When the initial operation from the neutral position to the predetermined angle is performed by the steering lever 56 during a normal harvesting and threshing operation, the connection pressure of the turning clutch 50 is rapidly increased. When the mowing unit 75 is positioned at a certain height or higher by the mowing height sensor 76 of the mowing unit 75, a sudden change in direction is enabled, and a sudden increase in the connection pressure of the turning clutch 50 is stopped. Switch to the lifting line inside.
Therefore, when entering from a road or a ridge to start mowing, if the body is tilted forward, there is a poor workability if there is a shock to start turning, but a smooth fine-adjustable turning without shock is achieved.
[0007]
【The invention's effect】
According to the first aspect, the accuracy and speed of the turning control are both improved and speeded up, the overall operability is improved, the followability of the traveling device to the operation is improved, the response delay to the operation is reduced, and the traveling stability is improved. Let it.
According to the second aspect, in addition to the preceding aspect, the connection pressure of the turning clutch 50 can be automatically adjusted only by operating the steering lever 56 to the maximum, thereby improving the operability.
According to the third aspect, the turning control can be performed without being affected by the right and left weight balance, and the operability and the workability are improved.
According to the fourth aspect, the mowing is started smoothly, and the mowing work in the forward leaning state is also smooth.
[0008]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Reference numeral 1 denotes a transmission case of a traveling device including a pair of left and right crawlers of a working machine such as a combine, and a traveling hydraulic main transmission (hydrostatic transmission) for shifting a traveling speed to an upper position. Static transmission 2).
Reference numeral 3 denotes an input pulley for inputting rotation from the engine to the traveling hydraulic main transmission 2, and 4 denotes an output shaft of the traveling hydraulic main transmission 2, which is an input shaft of the transmission case 1. Reference numeral 5 denotes an auxiliary transmission shaft. The auxiliary transmission shaft 5 is provided with a gear group 6 so as to rotate integrally, and the gear group 6 is selectively meshed with a gear 8 of a counter shaft 7. A center gear 10 is provided on the intermediate shaft 9 rotated by the counter shaft 7, and the center gear 10 is always meshed with a passive gear 12 fixed to the side clutch shaft 11.
A side clutch gear 13 is slidably provided on the side clutch shaft 11, and a clutch claw provided on the side clutch gear 13 is detachably fitted to the internal teeth of the passive gear 12 to form the left and right side clutch 15. . The configuration of the left and right side clutches 15 is arbitrary, and is not limited to the embodiment.
The side clutch gears 13 respectively mesh with axle gears 17 provided on the left and right axles 16 to transmit rotation to the axles 16.
[0009]
Thus, a differential mechanism 20 is provided near the side clutch shaft 11, and the differential mechanism 20 outputs the left and right differential output shafts 21 with their mutual rotation speeds changed. The differential mechanism 20 has a case 22 rotatably provided in the transmission case 1, and the respective ends of the left and right differential output shafts 21 face the case 22. The left and right differential output shafts 21 of the embodiment are formed in the shape of a shaft cylinder, and the left and right differential output shafts 21 are fitted to mounting shafts 21 a provided on the transmission case 1 so as to rotate independently. Left and right bevel gears 23 are provided at the ends of the left and right differential output shafts 21 so as to face each other. In the embodiment, the left and right bevel gears 23 are also provided integrally at the distal ends of the left and right differential output shafts 21 and are loosely fitted to the mounting shaft 21a.
An intermediate bevel gear 25 rotatably mounted on a shaft 24 fixed to a case 22 is meshed with the left and right bevel gears 23, and a case rotating passive gear 26 is provided on the outer periphery of the case 22. The turning transmission gears 35 provided respectively mesh with the axle gears 17.
The differential mechanism 20 changes the rotation of the case 22 via the case rotation passive gear 26, and changes the rotation of the turning transmission gear 35 provided on each of the left and right differential output shafts 21, thereby changing the axle inside the turning. A gentle turn performed by driving and rotating slower than the outer axle, a brake turn performed by stopping the inner axle, and a spin turn performed by driving the inner axle opposite to the outer axle. I do.
[0010]
In the vicinity of the differential mechanism 20, a turning transmission device 30 for transmitting rotation to the case rotation passive gear 26 is provided. Reference numeral 31 denotes a case rotating gear that always meshes with the case rotating passive gear 26, and is provided on the turning intermediate shaft 32. An inner boss 33 is fitted to the turning intermediate shaft 32 so as to be rotatable only, and a linear input gear 34 is provided on the inner boss 33 so as to rotate integrally therewith. The input gear 34 for straight traveling always meshes with the passive gear 12 always meshing with the center gear 10.
Further, a casing 37 is provided on the outer periphery of the turning intermediate shaft 32 so as to rotate integrally therewith, and a disk is provided on the inner periphery of the casing 37, and the disk is detachably connected to a disk provided on the outer periphery of the inner boss 33. , The straight traveling clutch 38 is formed.
When the straight clutch 38 is engaged, the rotation of the center gear 10 is transmitted from the straight input gear 34 to the casing 37 via the inner boss 33, and the casing 37 rotates the turning intermediate shaft 32 to rotate the case rotating gear 31. To rotate.
The differential mechanism 20 is configured such that when the straight-running clutch 38 is engaged, the rotation transmitted from the differential mechanism 20 is the same as the rotation transmitted from the left and right side clutches 15 so that the left and right differential output shafts 21 and 21 are not mechanically locked. Rotate the case 22 so that each of them has the same number of rotations and operate for straight traveling, and transmit the rotation of the left and right bevel gears 23 rotating at the same rotation to the left and right axle 16 via the turning transmission gear 35 to travel straight. .
[0011]
A drum 40 is provided on the outer periphery of the casing 37, a piston 41 is provided on a base side of the drum 40, and an outer cylinder chamber 42 is formed between the piston 41 and the transmission case 1.
The drum 40 is provided with an inner plate 43, and when oil is fed from the oil feed port 44 to the outer cylinder chamber 42, the piston 41, the drum 40, and the inner plate 43 move in the direction of the arrow in FIG. The clutch is disengaged from the disk on the outer periphery of the inner boss 33 to disengage the clutch 38.
An outer plate 45 is provided on the case rotating gear 31 side of the inner plate 43, and a spring 46 is provided between the inner plate 43 and the outer plate 45 to urge the rectilinear clutch 38 in the entering direction. 38 is always on.
An outer boss 48 is rotatably provided on the outer periphery of the inner boss 33, and a disk provided on the inner periphery of the casing 37 is brought into contact with a disk provided on the outer periphery of the outer boss 48 so as to be freely detachable. The clutch 50 is constituted. A turning input gear 51 is provided on the outer boss 48, and a turning intermediate gear 51 a meshes with the turning input gear 51. The turning input gear 51 and the turning intermediate gear 51a are set to a gear ratio capable of transmitting a rotation having a predetermined turning radius with respect to the rotation transmitted from the side clutch 15 to the axle 16 (when the turning clutch 50 is completely turned). In this state, the differential mechanism 20 is set to be capable of spin-turn output).
[0012]
When the turning clutch 50 sends oil to the outer cylinder chamber 42 to turn off the straight-running clutch 38, the turning clutch 50 is turned on, and the turning intermediate gear 51a → the turning input gear 51 → the outer boss 48 → the disc → the casing 37 → The differential mechanism 20 is transmitted to the case rotation gear 31 through the turning intermediate shaft 32 to operate the differential mechanism 20 for turning.
That is, the straight-running clutch 38 and the turning clutch 50 are juxtaposed in the moving direction of the respective discs on the casing 37 so that when one of them is turned off, the other is turned on. An outer cylinder chamber 42 is provided on the cut side in the moving direction, and a spring 46 is provided on a side of the straight traveling clutch 38 on the side of the moving direction of the disk. When oil is supplied to the outer cylinder chamber 42, the piston 41 moves the drum 40 and the inner plate 43. Then, the disk of the casing 37 is detached from the disk on the outer periphery of the inner boss 33, the clutch 38 for straight movement is disengaged, and the movement of the casing 37 moves the outer plate 45 to engage the clutch 50 for turning.
In this case, the turning clutch 50 changes the contact pressure of the disk so as to transmit the rotation transmission “0” from the disengaged state (the contact pressure is “0” when the straight-running clutch 38 is engaged and the contact pressure is “0”) in a stepless manner. Accordingly, the rotation of the case 22 of the differential mechanism 20 is shifted so as to perform a gentle turning, a brake turn, and a spin turn as described above.
[0013]
Therefore, the turning transmission device 30 is provided with a turning clutch 50 for transferring and receiving rotation for operating the differential mechanism 20 for turning, and a rotation transmission for operating the differential mechanism 20 for moving straight. And a straight-running clutch 38 to be connected and disconnected.
In the embodiment, the brake turn is performed by stopping the rotation of the axle 16 inside the turning by the operation mechanism 20, and the braking of the body is performed by a main speed change lever for changing a traveling speed described later. Further, a parking brake pedal may be separately provided.
Thus, a steering lever (power steering lever) 56 is provided in the steering section 55 of the fuselage, and a steering lever position detecting section (potentiometer) 57 for detecting the operating position of the steering lever 56 is provided near the steering lever 56. The connection pressure of each of the straight traveling clutch 38 and the turning clutch 50 of the turning transmission device 30 is controlled to rise and fall according to the operating position of the steering lever 56 detected by the steering lever position detecting section 57, whereby The differential mechanism 20 is configured to control the rotation transmitted to one of the left and right axles 16. 58 is a controller 58, 59 is a main shift lever for changing the running speed, 60 is an operation position detecting unit of the main shift lever 59, 61 is a shift line of the running speed that can be set for shifting control of the hydraulic main transmission 2 for running. A sub-transmission lever for changing the operation, 62 is an operation position detection unit of the sub-transmission lever 61, 63 is an axle rotation sensor that detects rotation of the left and right axles 16, 16, 64 is an oil tank, 65 is an oil feed pump, and 66 is pressure control. It is a valve.
[0014]
When the operation of the steering lever 56 is detected by the steering lever position detection unit 57, the lifting control of the turning clutch 50 is performed by changing the connection pressure set in advance so as to have a turning radius corresponding to the operation angle. The pressure is applied to the clutch 50, and after a lapse of a predetermined time, the actual rotation speed is detected by the axle rotation sensor 63, and the actual rotation speed is fed back to the controller 58 so that the left and right axles 16 turn with a predetermined turning radius. The lifting clutch 50 is controlled to move up and down.
Then, when the actual rotation speed is fed back to the controller 58, the entire inclination of the line for raising and lowering the connection pressure of the turning clutch 50 is changed to an optimum state based on this feedback information.
Therefore, when the steering lever 56 is subsequently tilted, optimal lifting and lowering control of the turning clutch 50 according to the operating angle of the steering lever 56 can be performed, and quick and accurate turning control is achieved.
[0015]
That is, if the actual rotation speed is fed back by the axle rotation sensor 63 every time the steering lever 56 is operated to control the raising / lowering of the connection pressure of the turning clutch 50, the control is delayed by the feedback amount. However, as in the present application, when the entire slope of the line for raising and lowering the connection pressure of the turning clutch 50 is changed based on the feedback information, the control can be immediately performed so that the turning radius becomes in accordance with the operation angle, and the speed and accuracy can be improved. High turning control.
Then, once the steering lever 56 is returned to the neutral position, the above control is repeated again, and the inclination of the line for raising and lowering the connection pressure of the optimum clutch 50 for turning that is always in accordance with field conditions and other turning conditions is changed. Execute the control.
For example, as shown in FIG. 5, when the steering lever 56 is tilted to the maximum, the rotation of the axle 16 inside the turn is set to “0” to set a brake turn to be performed, and the actual rotation speed is fed back to the controller 58. When the rotation of the axle 16 inside the turn is “0” or less, the pressure is reduced, and when the rotation of the axle 16 inside the turn is “0” or more, the pressure is increased and the inclination of the connection pressure of the turning clutch 50 is entirely reduced. Therefore, a brake turn can be performed in which the rotation of the axle 16 inside the turning is smoothly and reliably set to “0”.
[0016]
In other words, the brake pressure (the connection pressure of the turning clutch 50) is automatically adjusted only by operating the steering lever 56 to the maximum.
In this case, the connection pressure of the turning clutch 50 is automatically adjusted when the steering lever 56 is fully tilted for a predetermined time (for example, 2 seconds or more), and the inclination of the lifting line is maintained until the next command, In order to prevent erroneous operation and usually make a large turn at the corner of the field as shown in FIG. 6, the connection pressure of the turning clutch 50 is automatically adjusted when the steering lever 56 is tilted to the maximum at this time.
Thus, in a combine in which a threshing device 71 is provided above the traveling device 70 and a grain tank 72 is provided beside the threshing device 71, the grain tank 72 is provided with a grain amount detection sensor 73, and the grain amount detection sensor is provided. When a grain is detected by 73, the relationship between the operation angle of the steering lever 56 and the line for raising and lowering the connection pressure of the turning clutch 50 is changed (shifted) based on the detected amount.
[0017]
That is, when the Glen tank 72 is empty, the left and right sides have the same connection pressure. However, as the amount of grains in the Glen tank 72 increases, the connection pressure on the Glen tank 72 side decreases, and swirl toward the opposite Glen tank 72 side. In FIG. 7, a plurality of elevating lines are set in advance so that the connection pressure is increased, and the elevating lines are shifted according to the amount detected by the grain amount detection sensor 73 (FIG. 7).
In FIG. 7, A indicates the empty state, B indicates the approximately 1/3, C indicates the approximately 2/3, and D indicates the full state. The threshing device 71 is provided on the left side in the body traveling direction, and the Glen tank 72 is provided on the right side. I have.
Therefore, immediately after the start of the harvesting and threshing work and immediately before the end, if the steering lever 56 has the same tilt angle, the turning radius becomes the same, and the turning can be performed with the influence of the fluctuation of the right and left weight balance to be minimized, and the operability is improved. Let me do.
Also, as shown in FIG. 8, only when turning to the side where the Glen tank 72 is provided, a plurality of elevating lines may be shifted by the amount detected by the grain amount detection sensor 73.
Further, in FIG. 9, the contact-type grain amount detection sensor 73 is arranged vertically, and the grain amount detection sensor 73 provided on the ceiling represents an ultrasonic sensor. Is also good.
[0018]
Thus, during the harvesting and threshing operation, when the tilt angle of the initial operation of the steering lever 56 from the neutral position is increased, the connection pressure of the turning clutch 50 is suddenly increased (hereinafter, referred to as an initial pressure), and a sharp steering operation is performed. A so-called mowing control is performed to facilitate the alignment, but when the mowing unit 75 is located at a certain height or higher by the mowing height sensor 76 that detects the height of the mowing unit 75 with respect to the ground, the initial setting is performed. Switch to non-working lifting line without pressure (FIG. 10).
Therefore, when entering from a road or ridge and starting to mow, the workability is poor if the aircraft leans forward and there is a shock of initial pressure, but in this forward leaning state, the non-working elevating line without initial pressure And a smooth fine-tuned turn without shock (FIG. 11).
FIG. 12 shows an embodiment of the sub-transmission mechanism. The sub-transmission shaft 5 is provided with a gear group 6 so as to rotate integrally. The gear 6 has an axially different number of teeth axially mounted on the auxiliary transmission shaft 5 so as to be slidable integrally. A ball 79 is built in the gear group 6, and the ball 79 is urged by a spring 80 so as to protrude toward the auxiliary transmission shaft 5. A fitting groove 81 into which a ball 79 fits is provided on the outer periphery of the sub-transmission shaft 5, and the ball 79 fits into one of the fitting grooves 81 to stop the axial movement of the gear group 6. A shifter engaging groove 82 is provided between the plurality of gear groups 6, and a shifter 83 is engaged with the shifter engaging groove 82. The shifter 83 is attached to a change arm 84 mounted on the transmission case 1.
[0019]
Therefore, by providing the holding mechanism of the ball 79 and the fitting groove 81 provided between the shifter X and the shaft Y as shown in FIG. 13 directly on the gear group 6 and the auxiliary transmission shaft 5, the shifter stay can be omitted. , To simplify the configuration.
Thus, a lubricating oil pipe 85 is provided on the outer periphery of the transmission case 1. One end 86 of the lubricating oil pipe 85 is opened and connected to the transmission case 1 above the drum 40, and the other end 87 of the lubricating oil pipe 85 is opened and connected to the transmission case 1 below the drum 40. I do. The transmission case 1 is filled with a predetermined amount of lubricating oil, and is used independently of the operating oil for operating the straight-running clutch 38 and the turning clutch 50. Although no forced circulation means is provided, the lubricating oil in the lubricating oil pipe 85 circulates by heat convection or the like, and cools the periphery of the drum 40.
[0020]
An intermediate portion between the one end 86 and the other end 87 of the lubricating oil pipe 85 is mounted so as to be exposed on the outer periphery of the transmission case 1.
In this case, an intermediate portion between the one end 86 and the other end 87 of the lubricating oil pipe 85 may meander in a zigzag state, or a cooling fin may be provided on an exposed outer peripheral portion of the lubricating oil pipe 85.
In addition, although each of the above-described embodiments is illustrated or described individually or mixedly for ease of understanding, these can be combined in various ways. The present invention is not limited to this, and there is a case where a synergistic effect is produced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of a combine.
FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a transmission case in an unfolded state.
FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a turning clutch portion in a deployed state of a transmission case.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of control wiring between a mission case and a control unit.
FIG. 5 is a control explanatory diagram for changing the inclination of the entire lifting line according to the embodiment.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between traveling of the aircraft and control.
FIG. 7 is a control explanatory diagram for changing the inclination of the entire lifting line according to another embodiment.
FIG. 8 is a control explanatory diagram for changing the inclination of the entire lifting line according to another embodiment.
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a Glen tank.
FIG. 10 is a graph showing hydraulic control according to another embodiment.
FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing an example of the work state.
FIG. 12 is a sectional view of a sub-transmission shaft portion.
FIG. 13 is a view of the known example.
FIG. 14 is a side view of a transmission case provided with a lubricating oil pipe.
FIG. 15 is a sectional view of the same.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Transmission case, 2 ... traveling hydraulic main transmission, 3 ... input pulley, 4 ... input shaft, 5 ... sub transmission shaft, 6 ... gear group, 7 ... counter shaft, 8 ... gear, 10 ... center shaft, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Center gear, 12 ... Passive gear, 11 ... Side clutch shaft, 15 ... Left and right side clutch, 16 ... Axle, 17 ... Axle gear, 20 ... Differential mechanism, 21 ... Left and right differential output shaft, 22 ... Case, 23 ... left and right bevel gears, 24 ... shaft, 25 ... intermediate bevel gear, 26 ... case rotating passive gear, 31 ... case rotating gear, 32 ... turning intermediate shaft, 30 ... turning transmission device, 32 ... turning intermediate shaft, 31 ... case rotating gear, 33 ... inner boss, 34 ... straight input gear, 35 ... revolving transmission gear, 37 ... casing, 38 ... straight clutch, 40 ... drum, 41 ... piston, 42 ... outer cylinder chamber, 44 ... feed Oil port, 43 ... inside Rate, 45: outer plate, 46: spring, 48: outer boss, 50: turning clutch, 55: steering unit, 56: steering lever, 57: steering lever position detector, 58: controller, 59: main speed change Lever, 60: Operation position detection unit, 63: Axle rotation sensor, 66: Pressure control valve, 70: Traveling device, 71: Threshing device, 72: Glen tank, 73: Grain amount detection sensor, 75: Harvesting unit, 76 ... cutting height sensor, 79 ... ball, 80 ... spring, 81 ... fitting groove, 82 ... shifter engaging groove, 83 ... shifter, 84 ... change arm, 85 ... lubricating oil pipe.

Claims (4)

走行装置の左右車軸16、16への動力伝達を断続する左右サイドクラッチ15を設け、前記左右サイドクラッチ15うちの切りにされた車軸16へ動力伝達する差動機構20を設け、該差動機構20の上手側の伝達経路には、差動機構20が直進時の車軸16に前記左右サイドクラッチ15からの回転と同期して伝達する直進用クラッチ38と旋回時に前記車軸16に回転伝達する旋回用クラッチ50とを夫々設け、前記旋回用クラッチ50は機体の操縦部55に設けた操向レバー56の操作位置に応じて接続圧力を昇降制御すると共に、前記左右の車軸16の回転を検出する車軸回転センサ63により検出した実際の回転数をフィードバックさせて操向レバー56の傾倒角度に対応した左右車軸16の回転差となる制御を行うように構成し、且つ、前記車軸回転センサ63による検出値に基づいて操向レバー56の操作位置に応じた接続圧力の昇降ライン全体の傾斜を変更するようにした走行装置の伝動機構。A left and right side clutch 15 for intermittently transmitting power to the left and right axles 16 of the traveling device is provided, and a differential mechanism 20 for transmitting power to the cut off axle 16 of the left and right side clutches 15 is provided. The transmission path on the upper side of the transmission 20 includes a straight-running clutch 38 that transmits the axle 16 to the axle 16 in a straight line in synchronization with the rotation from the left and right side clutches 15, and a rotation that transmits rotation to the axle 16 during a turn. And the turning clutch 50 controls the connection pressure in accordance with the operating position of a steering lever 56 provided on a control section 55 of the fuselage, and detects the rotation of the left and right axles 16. The actual number of rotations detected by the axle rotation sensor 63 is fed back to perform a control to obtain a rotation difference between the left and right axles 16 corresponding to the tilt angle of the steering lever 56. And, the axle on the basis of the value detected by the rotation sensor 63 transmission mechanism of the running device so as to change the lift line overall inclination of the connection pressure corresponding to the operating position of the steering lever 56. 請求項1において、操向レバー56を最大に傾倒させたとき、旋回内側の車軸16の回転を「0」にして行うブレーキターンとなるように旋回用クラッチ50の接続圧を設定し、前記車軸回転センサ63により検出した実際の回転数をフィードバックさせて旋回内側の車軸16の回転が「0」となるように昇降制御するようにした走行装置の伝動機構。2. The connection pressure of the turning clutch 50 according to claim 1, wherein when the steering lever 56 is tilted to the maximum, the connection pressure of the turning clutch 50 is set so as to make a brake turn to make the rotation of the axle 16 inside the turning “0”. A transmission mechanism of a traveling device in which the actual rotation speed detected by the rotation sensor 63 is fed back to control the elevation of the axle 16 inside the turn so that the rotation of the axle 16 becomes “0”. 走行装置70の左右車軸16、16への動力伝達を断続する左右サイドクラッチ15を設け、前記左右サイドクラッチ15うちの切りにされた車軸16へ動力伝達する差動機構20を設け、該差動機構20の上手側の伝達経路には、差動機構20が直進時の車軸16に前記左右サイドクラッチ15からの回転と同期して伝達する直進用クラッチ38と旋回時に前記車軸16に回転伝達する旋回用クラッチ50とを夫々設け、前記旋回用クラッチ50は機体の操縦部55に設けた操向レバー56の操作位置に応じて接続圧力を昇降制御すると共に、前記左右の車軸16の回転を検出する車軸回転センサ63により検出した実際の回転数をフィードバックさせて操向レバー56の傾倒角度に対応した左右車軸16の回転差となる制御を行うように構成し、前記走行装置70の上方一側に脱穀装置71を、上方他側にグレンタンク72を夫々設けたコンバインにおいて、グレンタンク72には穀粒量検出センサ73を設け、穀粒量検出センサ73により穀粒を検出すると、その検出量により操向レバー56の操作方向および操作角度と前記旋回用クラッチ50の接続圧の昇降ラインの傾斜関係を変更(シフト)するように構成した走行装置の伝動機構。A left and right side clutch 15 for intermittently transmitting power to the left and right axles 16, 16 of the traveling device 70 is provided, and a differential mechanism 20 for transmitting power to the cut off axle 16 of the left and right side clutches 15 is provided. In the transmission path on the upper side of the mechanism 20, the differential mechanism 20 transmits the rotation to the axle 16 when the vehicle is turning straight to the axle 16 when the vehicle is turning. A turning clutch 50 is provided, and the turning clutch 50 controls the connection pressure in accordance with the operation position of a steering lever 56 provided in a control section 55 of the fuselage, and detects the rotation of the left and right axles 16. The actual number of rotations detected by the axle rotation sensor 63 is fed back to control the rotation difference between the left and right axles 16 corresponding to the tilt angle of the steering lever 56. In a combine where a threshing device 71 is provided on one side above the traveling device 70 and a Glen tank 72 is provided on the other side above, a grain amount detection sensor 73 is provided in the Glen tank 72, and a grain amount detection sensor is provided. When the kernel is detected by 73, the operating direction and the operating angle of the steering lever 56 and the inclination relationship of the line for raising and lowering the connection pressure of the turning clutch 50 are changed (shifted) by the detected amount. Transmission mechanism. 走行装置の左右車軸16、16への動力伝達を断続する左右サイドクラッチ15を設け、前記左右サイドクラッチ15うちの切りにされた車軸16へ動力伝達する差動機構20を設け、該差動機構20の上手側の伝達経路には、差動機構20が直進時の車軸16に前記左右サイドクラッチ15からの回転と同期して伝達する直進用クラッチ38と旋回時に前記車軸16に回転伝達する旋回用クラッチ50とを夫々設け、前記旋回用クラッチ50は機体の操縦部55に設けた操向レバー56の操作位置に応じて接続圧力を昇降制御すると共に、前記左右の車軸16の回転を検出する車軸回転センサ63により検出した実際の回転数をフィードバックさせて操向レバー56の傾倒角度に対応した左右車軸16の回転差となる制御を行うように構成し、前記走行装置70の上方一側に脱穀装置71を、上方他側にグレンタンク72を、走行装置70のの前側に刈取部刈取部75を夫々設けたコンバインにおいて、刈取脱穀作業中、中立位置から所定角度の操向レバー56の初期操作の傾倒角度のとき、旋回用クラッチ50の接続圧力を一旦急上昇させ、更に操向レバー56を傾倒させると、接触圧力「0」から所定最大圧力に向けて所定の昇圧ラインで昇降制御するように構成し、前記初期操作に伴う急な昇圧は、前記刈取部75が一定高さ以上に位置するとき、実行を規制するように構成した走行装置の伝動機構。A left and right side clutch 15 for intermittently transmitting power to the left and right axles 16 of the traveling device is provided, and a differential mechanism 20 for transmitting power to the cut off axle 16 of the left and right side clutches 15 is provided. The transmission path on the upper side of the transmission 20 includes a straight-running clutch 38 that transmits the axle 16 to the axle 16 in a straight line in synchronization with the rotation from the left and right side clutches 15, and a rotation that transmits rotation to the axle 16 during a turn. And the turning clutch 50 controls the connection pressure in accordance with the operating position of a steering lever 56 provided on a control section 55 of the fuselage, and detects the rotation of the left and right axles 16. The actual number of rotations detected by the axle rotation sensor 63 is fed back to perform a control to obtain a rotation difference between the left and right axles 16 corresponding to the tilt angle of the steering lever 56. In a combine where a threshing device 71 is provided on one upper side of the traveling device 70, a Glen tank 72 is provided on the other upper side, and a reaper reaper 75 is provided on a front side of the traveling device 70, a neutral position during the reaping and threshing operation is provided. When the tilting angle of the initial operation of the steering lever 56 at a predetermined angle is increased, the connection pressure of the turning clutch 50 is suddenly increased, and when the steering lever 56 is further tilted, the contact pressure is reduced from the contact pressure “0” to the predetermined maximum pressure. A transmission of a traveling device configured to control the ascending and descending control by a predetermined boosting line, and to restrict the execution of the sudden boosting caused by the initial operation when the cutting unit 75 is positioned at a certain height or higher. mechanism.
JP2002378480A 2002-12-26 2002-12-26 Combine Expired - Lifetime JP4292338B2 (en)

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