JP2004116541A - Shell type roller bearing and cam follower using it - Google Patents

Shell type roller bearing and cam follower using it Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004116541A
JP2004116541A JP2002276711A JP2002276711A JP2004116541A JP 2004116541 A JP2004116541 A JP 2004116541A JP 2002276711 A JP2002276711 A JP 2002276711A JP 2002276711 A JP2002276711 A JP 2002276711A JP 2004116541 A JP2004116541 A JP 2004116541A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
outer ring
shell
roller bearing
oil
peripheral surface
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JP2002276711A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP4055530B2 (en
Inventor
Yoshitaka Waseda
早稲田 義孝
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Koyo Seiko Co Ltd
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Koyo Seiko Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2002276711A priority Critical patent/JP4055530B2/en
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  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide usage as a bearing with a rotating outer ring without hindrance by preventing damage of the outer ring due to insufficient quantity of oil. <P>SOLUTION: In the shell type roller bearing, the shell type outer ring 2 is used as a rotating ring, and a plurality of grooves 4 for retaining oil is formed along a direction parallel with an axial direction or a direction acutely crossing the axial direction in an outer circumferential face of the shell type outer ring 2. In the outer circumferential face of the outer ring 2, a contact area with lubricant is enlarged by the grooves 4, and retaining quantity of the oil is increased. The outer ring 2 is manufactured by a machining process including drawing, and it is desirable that the grooves 4 for retaining oil are formed by transfer of streak like protruding parts provided on an inner circumferential face of a female die for drawing. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、シェル形ころ軸受およびこれを用いたカムフォロアに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
シェル形針状ころ軸受は、シェル形の外輪と、複数の針状ころとを備えたもので、保持器を用いない総ころ形と、保持器付きとの二つのタイプがある。
【0003】
前記シェル形の外輪は、一枚の薄鋼板を素材としてこれに曲げ加工、絞り加工を行って、一旦、有底の筒体を形成した上で、この筒体に鍔部を形成する等の加工を施して仕上げられる。
【0004】
このシェル形針状ころ軸受は、通常、ハウジングの孔の内径部に所定のしめしろで圧入することで取り付けられるもので、したがって、外輪固定、もしくは外輪非回転の軸受として使用されるのが普通である。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、上記のシェル形針状ころ軸受については、小さなスペースで大きい定格荷重を有することから、外輪回転の軸受として使用することが一部で考えられている。
【0006】
しかしながら、従来のシェル形針状ころ軸受は、外輪回転の軸受として使用することが予定されておらず、また、外輪が絞り加工等により成形されるため、外輪の外周面は凹凸のない平滑面となっている。
【0007】
このような外輪の外周面は、潤滑油との接触面積が小さくて、保持される油量が極めて少なく、この外周面に他の回転部材が転接するようになると、油量不足から焼き付き、摩耗等の損傷が生じやすい。
【0008】
そこで、本発明の主たる課題は、油量不足による外輪の損傷の発生を防止して、外輪回転の軸受として支障なく使用できるようにすることである。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、上述した課題を達成するために、シェル形の外輪を回転輪とするシェル形ころ軸受であって、前記外輪の外周面に、軸方向と平行の方向もしくは軸方向と鋭角に交差する方向に沿って油保持用の溝が複数本形成されているシェル形ころ軸受を構成している。
【0010】
この構成によれば、外輪の外周面に溝があることで、外輪外周面と潤滑油との接触面積が広くなって、保持される潤滑油の量が増え、外輪の外周面には、前記の溝を中心に広い範囲にわたって油膜が形成される。この油膜の存在で、外輪の外周面にカムのような他の回転部材が頻繁に転接しても、過度の摩擦を生じることがなく、焼き付きや摩耗等の損傷の発生が防止される。
【0011】
この場合、油保持用の溝の方向は、外輪の周方向に対して交差しているので、該溝に保持されている潤滑油が、外輪に転接する回転部材により掻き出されたり押し出されたりすることがなく、溝には潤滑油が長く残存し、油膜形成効果が長期間維持される。
【0012】
なお、油保持用の溝は、必ずしも外輪の軸方向全幅にわたって形成する必要はなく、外輪の軸方向幅より短くてもよく、また、全体が曲線状であったり、中途部で湾曲したり屈曲していてもよい。シェル形の外輪の内周に配置されるころは、針状ころのほか、円筒ころであってもよい。
【0013】
上記のシェル形ころ軸受において、外輪は、絞り加工を含む加工工程により製作されるものであり、油保持用の溝は、絞り加工で用いる雌金型の内周面に設けられた筋状の凸部からの転写により形成されるものであることが望ましい。
【0014】
この構成によれば、外輪の製作時に絞り加工に使用する雌金型の内周面に、油保持用の溝に対応する筋状の凸部を予め形成しておけばよく、これで絞り加工と同時に、外輪の外周面に油保持用の溝が形成される。したがって、従来の外輪の製作工程の一部をそのまま利用することができ、新たな工程を付加する必要がなく、コスト面で有利である。
【0015】
上記構成のシェル形ころ軸受を、カムに当接する回転体としてカムフォロアに使用した場合は、カムフォロアの小型化、軽量化に役立つ。
【0016】
【発明の実施の形態】
〔第1実施形態〕
図1ないし図3は、本発明の第1実施形態に係り、図1は、第1実施形態に係るシェル形針状ころ軸受の半部を断面した側面図、図2は、図1の軸受の外輪の一部を拡大して示した断面図、図3は、図1の軸受の外輪の製作過程を示す説明図である。これらの図には、総ころ形で開放形のシェル形針状ころ軸受を例示している。
【0017】
図1において、符号1はシェル形針状ころ軸受の全体を示し、2はシェル形の外輪、3は針状ころである。シェル形の外輪2は、内周に軌道面を有する円筒部2aと、この円筒部2aの軸方向両端にそれぞれ内径側に向けて延出形成された鍔部2b,2cとを有する。両鍔部2b,2cのうち、軸方向一端(図において、左端)の比較的厚肉のものが先曲げ側の鍔部2bであり、軸方向他端の薄肉のものが後曲げ側の鍔部2cである。針状ころ3は、多数のものが外輪2の内径側に保持器なしで配置されている。
【0018】
外輪2の円筒部2aの外周面には、軸方向と平行の方向に沿って油保持用の溝4が多数本形成されている。図示の例では、これらの溝4,…は、それぞれ外輪円筒部2aの軸方向のほぼ全幅にわたる長さを有し、互いに円筒部2aの周方向に沿ってほぼ等間隔に設けられている。溝4の本数や間隔は、外輪2の外周面にカムを転接させて使用する場合において、いずれかの溝4がカムに接するように設定すればよいが、具体的には、円周方向等間隔に10本以上、好ましくは30本程度設けられる。
【0019】
油保持用の溝4の長さは、外輪円筒部2aの軸方向幅より大幅に短く設定したり、円筒部2aの周方向に沿った溝4相互間の間隔を不均一にすることも可能で、要するに、外輪円筒部2aの外周面の全体に油保持用の溝4がほぼ均等に分散して設けられていればよい。
【0020】
油保持用の溝4の断面形状は、図2に示す半円弧状のほか、U字形や、V字形、上向きコ字形等、どのような断面形状でもよいが、外輪2の強度に与える影響や、後に説明するように転写により形成することを考慮すると、半円弧状のように、底部が丸い断面形状が好適である。
【0021】
また、この油保持用の溝4の断面形状の大きさ、すなわち開口幅Aと深さBとの関係は、A≧Bとされる。具体的には、例えば、上記関係を維持した上で、開口幅Aを0.05〜5mm、深さBを0.05〜1mmの範囲で設定することができる。溝4の深さBは、円筒部の板厚の10%以内に収めることが望ましい。
【0022】
上記の構成によれば、外輪2の外周面に多数の溝4があることで、外輪2の外周面と潤滑油との接触面積が広くなって、保持される潤滑油の量が増え、外輪2の外周面には、前記の溝4を中心に広い範囲にわたって油膜が形成される。この油膜の存在で、外輪2の外周面に転接する他の回転部材との間で過度の摩擦を生じることがなく、焼き付きや摩耗等の損傷が発生しなくなる。
【0023】
この場合、油保持用の溝4の方向は、外輪2の周方向に対して直交しているので、該溝4に保持されている潤滑油が、外輪2に転接する回転部材により掻き出されたり押し出されたりすることがなく、溝4には潤滑油が長く残存し、油膜形成効果が長期間維持される。
【0024】
次に、前記したシェル形の外輪2の製作過程を図3の(A)〜(E)に基づいて説明する。この製作過程は、従来のこの種のシェル形の外輪の製作過程と大きく異なるものではないが、この製作過程の一部を利用して、外輪2の外周面に油保持用の溝4を形成する点に特徴がある。
【0025】
(A)第1の工程では、所要の径の薄鋼板を素材として、これに曲げ加工を施して、図3の(A)に示すように、底の浅い椀形の素体2を成形する。
【0026】
(B)第2工程では、絞り加工により、前記の椀形の素体2から、図3の(B)に示すような底の深い有底の筒体2を作る。
【0027】
この際、有底の筒体2を受ける雌金型(図示省略)の内周面には、油保持用の溝4に対応する筋状凸部が予め放電加工等により形成されており、この筋状凸部を有する内周面には有底の筒体2の外周面が圧接する。この圧接により、図3の(B)の右側に示すように、有底の筒体2の外周面には凸部が転写されて、油保持用の溝4ができる。したがって、従来通りに絞り加工を行うだけで、これと同時に、油保持用の溝4が形成されることになる。
【0028】
(C)第3の工程では、後曲げ側の鍔部2cが形成される部分、すなわち、有底の筒体2の開口部分がトリミングされ、図3の(C)に示すような、開口部が薄肉になった筒体2が得られる。
【0029】
(D)第4の工程では、開口部が薄肉になった筒体2の底部に孔明け加工を施す。これで図3の(D)に示すような、底部に孔がある筒体2が得られる。孔が明いた底部が先曲げ側の鍔部2bになる。
【0030】
(E)第5の工程では、第4の工程で得られた筒体2の薄肉の開口部に曲げ加工が施されて、図3の(E)に示すように、後曲げ側の鍔部2cが形成され、ほぼ外輪2の完成形2となり、こののち、これに熱処理がなされて、図1に示した外輪2が完成する。
【0031】
上記の製作過程では、絞り加工用の雌金型の内周面に、油保持用の溝4に対応する筋状の凸部を設けておけば、絞り加工と同時に、外輪2に油保持用の溝4が形成されるから、従来の外輪の製作過程の一部をそのまま利用でき、新たに工程を付加する必要がない。
【0032】
なお、油保持用の溝4は、前記のような転写によらずに、切削等、他の手段で形成することが可能である。
【0033】
〔第2実施形態〕
図4は、本発明の第2実施形態に係るシェル形針状ころ軸受の半部を断面した側面図で、ここでは総ころ形で開放形のシェル形針状ころ軸受を例示している。
【0034】
この実施形態のシェル形針状ころ軸受12が、シェル形の外輪2と、複数の針状ころ3からなり、シェル形の外輪2が、内周に軌道面を有する円筒部2aと、この円筒部2aの軸方向両端にそれぞれ形成された鍔部2b,2cとを有する点は、第1実施形態のシェル形針状ころ軸受1と同じであり、したがって、第1実施形態のシェル形針状ころ軸受1と共通する部分には、図1と同じ符号を付している。
【0035】
この実施形態のシェル形針状ころ軸受12が、第1実施形態のシェル形針状ころ軸受1と異なるのは、外輪2の円筒部2aの外周面に、軸方向と鋭角に交差する方向に沿って油保持用の溝41,42が形成されていることである。
【0036】
これらの溝41,42は、曲線状のものであってもよいが、図示例では、油保持用の溝41,42は側面視で直線状で、これには傾斜方向が異なる2種類のものがある。一方の種類の溝41は、軸方向に対して傾斜角度α(図4において、右下がりの傾斜角度)で交差しており、他方の種類の溝42は、一方の種類の溝41とは逆方向に傾斜していて、軸方向に対して傾斜角度β(図4において、左下がりの傾斜角度)で交差している。
【0037】
これら油保持用の溝41,42の長さについては、図示例のように、円筒部2aの軸方向のほぼ全幅にわたる長さとするほか、それより大幅に短い長さとしてもよく、また、形状については、直線状のものに限らず、長手方向中途部で湾曲したり屈曲した形状のものであってもよい。さらに、溝41,42の軸方向に対する傾斜角度は、鋭角の範囲内で設定することができ、要するに、外輪2の周方向と交差する角度であればよい。各溝41,42の傾斜角度を種々の角度に設定して、傾斜方向が異なる3種類以上の溝を形成することもできる。もちろん、長手方向が同一の1種類の溝のみを形成することも可能である。
【0038】
その他、油保持用の溝41,42の断面形状や、その大きさについての許容条件、好適条件は、第1実施形態における油保持用の溝4と特に変わらない。
【0039】
シェル形の外輪2の製作方法や、油保持用の溝41,42の形成方法については、第1実施形態の場合と同様に、外輪2は、曲げ加工や絞り加工を含む加工工程により製作される。また、油保持用の溝41,42は、外輪2の素材を絞り加工する際に、絞り加工用の雌金型の内周面に設けられた筋状の凸部の転写により形成される。
【0040】
前記の絞り加工は、通常、粗絞りおよび仕上げ絞りのように、複数段にわたって行われるから、この複数段の絞りを利用して、傾斜方向が異なる2種類の溝41,42が形成される。すなわち、粗絞りの段階で、傾斜方向が同一の一方の種類の溝41(42)が転写により形成され、次の絞りの段階で、傾斜方向が異なる他方の溝42(41)が転写により形成される。
【0041】
上記構成のシェル形針状ころ軸受12では、第1実施形態のシェル形針状ころ軸受1と同様に、油保持用の溝41,42に潤滑油が保持されるので、外輪2の外周面には、溝41,42を中心に油膜が形成され、この油膜の存在で、焼き付きや摩耗等の損傷の発生が防止される。しかも、溝41,42の方向が、外輪2の周方向に対して交差しているので、該溝41,42に保持されている潤滑油が、外輪2に転接する部材により掻き出されたり押し出されたりすることが少なく、油膜形成効果が長期間維持される。
【0042】
さらに、この第2実施形態のシェル形針状ころ軸受12では、軸方向に対して傾斜した状態で設けられた油保持用の溝41,42のそれぞれが、外輪2の外周面を広い角度範囲でカバーするので、これらの溝41,42を中心に、外輪2の外周面には全周にわたって油膜が形成されることになり、軸方向と平行に溝4が形成されている場合に比べ、油膜が外輪の外周面の全周に及び、油膜が周方向各所で途切れることが少ない。
【0043】
〔第3実施形態〕
図5は、本発明の第3実施形態に係るシェル形針状ころ軸受の側面図である。この実施形態のシェル形針状ころ軸受13では、外輪2の円筒部2aの外周面に、スパイラル状の油保持用の溝43が形成されている。この溝43は、例えば、外輪2の外径に一致する内径の孔の内周面に、溝43の断面形状に対応した凸部を有する金型を用い、この金型の孔内に外輪2となる素材を、ねじりながら通すことで形成される。
【0044】
この溝43は、外輪2の外周面を広い角度範囲でカバーするので、軸方向と平行に溝4が形成されている場合に比べ、油膜が外輪の外周面の全周に及び、油膜が周方向各所で途切れることが少ない点は、第2実施形態の場合と同じである。
【0045】
〔第4実施形態〕
第4実施形態は、第1実施形態のシェル形針状ころ軸受1の使用形態を例示するもので、図6は、前記シェル形針状ころ軸受1を含むカムフォロアとしてのロッカアームの縦断側面図、図7は、図6のロッカアームの平面図である。
【0046】
これらの図において、符号30はロッカアームの全体を示し、31はカム、32は、傾動支持部となるラッシュアジャスタ、33はバルブである。
【0047】
ロッカアーム30は、エンドピボットタイプで、互いに対向する一対の側壁34,35を備えている。一対の側壁34,35の長手方向一端部間には、ラッシュアジャスタ32の上端部に嵌合するピボット部36が設けられ、長手方向他端部間には、バルブ33に当接されるバルブ係合部37が設けられている。
【0048】
ロッカアーム30の側壁34,35の長手方向中間部間に支軸38が架設され、この支軸38には、これの外周に回転自在に支持されてカム31に当接される回転体として、第1実施形態のシェル形針状ころ軸受1が設けられている。したがって、シェル形針状ころ軸受1は、支軸38を内輪とする外輪回転型の軸受となっており、そのシェル形の外輪2の外周面にカム31が転接する。
【0049】
シェル形の外輪2の外周面には油保持用の溝4が形成されているので、外輪2の外周面と潤滑油との接触面積が広くなっており、外輪2の外周面には油膜が形成される。この油膜の存在で、焼き付きや摩耗等の損傷の発生が防止される。
【0050】
上記構成のロッカアーム30は、カム31に当接する回転体としてシェル形針状ころ軸受1を用いることで、小型化、軽量化が可能になる。このロッカアーム30に、第2実施形態のシェル形針状ころ軸受12を使用しうることは言うまでもない。
【0051】
〔他の実施形態〕
第1および第2実施形態では、総ころ形で開放形のシェル形針状ころ軸受を示したが、本発明は、保持器付きのシェル形針状ころ軸受にも適用可能である。また、本発明は、一端密閉形のシェル形針状ころ軸受に適用して、そのシェル形針状ころ軸受を、スタッド形のカムフォロアのように、回転体を片持ちの軸で支持するカムフォロアに、カムに当接する回転体として組み込んでもよい。
【0052】
シェル形の外輪の内周に配置されるころは、針状ころに限らず、円筒ころであってもよい。
【0053】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、外輪の外周面に溝が形成されることで、潤滑油との接触面積が拡大し、外輪の外周面には油膜が形成される。そのため、外輪の外周面にカムのような他の回転部材が頻繁に転接しても、過度の摩擦を生じることがなく、焼き付きや摩耗等の損傷の発生が防止され、外輪回転型の軸受として支障なく使用できる。
【0054】
また、油保持用の溝は、外輪の周方向に対して交差しているので、該溝に保持されている潤滑油が、外輪に転接する回転部材により掻き出されたり押し出されたりすることがなく、油膜形成効果が長期間維持される。
【0055】
油保持用の溝が、絞り加工用の雌金型からの転写により形成されるようにすると、外輪の素材の絞り加工と同時に、外輪の外周面に油保持用の溝が形成されることになり、従来の外輪の製作工程の一部をそのまま利用することができ、新たな工程を付加する必要がなく、コスト面で有利である。
【0056】
本発明のシェル形ころ軸受を、カムに当接する回転体としてカムフォロアに使用した場合は、カムフォロアの小型化、軽量化に役立つ。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の第1実施形態に係るシェル形針状ころ軸受の半部を断面した側面図である。
【図2】図1の軸受の外輪の一部を拡大して示した断面図である。
【図3】図1の軸受の外輪の製作過程を示す説明図である。
【図4】本発明の第2実施形態に係るシェル形針状ころ軸受の半部を断面した側面図である。
【図5】本発明の第3実施形態に係るシェル形針状ころ軸受の側面図である。
【図6】本発明の第4実施形態を示すもので、シェル形針状ころ軸受を含むロッカアームの縦断側面図である。
【図7】図6のロッカアームの平面図である。
【符号の説明】
1  シェル形針状ころ軸受
2  シェル形の外輪
3  針状ころ
4  油保持用の溝
30 ロッカアーム
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a shell type roller bearing and a cam follower using the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The shell-shaped needle roller bearing includes a shell-shaped outer ring and a plurality of needle rollers, and is classified into two types: a full roller type without using a cage and a type with a cage.
[0003]
The shell-shaped outer ring is formed by bending and drawing a thin steel plate as a material, forming a bottomed cylinder once, and forming a flange on the cylinder. Finished by processing.
[0004]
This needle needle roller bearing is usually mounted by press-fitting the inside diameter of a hole in a housing with a predetermined interference, and is therefore usually used as an outer ring fixed or outer ring non-rotating bearing. It is.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, some of the above-described needle needle roller bearings are considered to be used as bearings for outer ring rotation because they have a large rated load in a small space.
[0006]
However, conventional shell-shaped needle roller bearings are not intended to be used as bearings for outer ring rotation, and since the outer ring is formed by drawing or the like, the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring has a smooth surface with no irregularities. It has become.
[0007]
The outer peripheral surface of such an outer ring has a small contact area with the lubricating oil, and the amount of retained oil is extremely small. When another rotating member comes into rolling contact with this outer peripheral surface, seizure occurs due to insufficient oil amount and wear occurs. Etc. are likely to occur.
[0008]
Accordingly, a main object of the present invention is to prevent the occurrence of damage to the outer ring due to an insufficient amount of oil, so that the outer ring can be used without any trouble as a bearing for rotating the outer ring.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention provides, in order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a shell-type roller bearing having a shell-type outer ring as a rotating ring, wherein the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring intersects in a direction parallel to the axial direction or at an acute angle with the axial direction. The shell-type roller bearing has a plurality of oil retaining grooves formed along the direction in which it is formed.
[0010]
According to this configuration, since the outer ring has grooves on the outer peripheral surface, the contact area between the outer ring outer peripheral surface and the lubricating oil increases, the amount of retained lubricating oil increases, and the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring has An oil film is formed over a wide range centering on the groove. Due to the presence of the oil film, even if another rotating member such as a cam frequently contacts the outer peripheral surface of the outer race, excessive friction does not occur, and damages such as seizure and wear are prevented.
[0011]
In this case, the direction of the groove for holding oil intersects the circumferential direction of the outer ring, so that the lubricating oil held in the groove is scraped or pushed out by the rotating member that comes into contact with the outer ring. The lubricating oil remains in the groove for a long time, and the effect of forming an oil film is maintained for a long time.
[0012]
The oil retaining groove does not necessarily need to be formed over the entire width of the outer ring in the axial direction, and may be shorter than the width of the outer ring in the axial direction, and may be entirely curved, curved or bent at an intermediate portion. It may be. The rollers arranged on the inner periphery of the shell-shaped outer ring may be cylindrical rollers in addition to needle rollers.
[0013]
In the above-described shell-type roller bearing, the outer ring is manufactured by a processing step including drawing, and a groove for retaining oil is formed in a streak shape provided on an inner peripheral surface of a female mold used in drawing. Desirably, it is formed by transfer from a convex portion.
[0014]
According to this configuration, on the inner peripheral surface of the female die used for the drawing when the outer ring is manufactured, it is sufficient to form in advance a streak-like convex portion corresponding to the groove for retaining oil. At the same time, an oil retaining groove is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the outer race. Therefore, a part of the conventional outer ring manufacturing process can be used as it is, and there is no need to add a new process, which is advantageous in terms of cost.
[0015]
When the shell-type roller bearing having the above configuration is used in a cam follower as a rotating body that comes into contact with the cam, it is useful for reducing the size and weight of the cam follower.
[0016]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
[First Embodiment]
1 to 3 relate to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a side view of a half section of a shell-type needle roller bearing according to the first embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a bearing of FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view showing a part of the outer ring, and FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a process of manufacturing the outer ring of the bearing of FIG. These drawings illustrate a full-roller, open-type, needle-shaped needle roller bearing.
[0017]
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a whole shell-shaped needle roller bearing, 2 denotes a shell-shaped outer ring, and 3 denotes a needle roller. The shell-shaped outer ring 2 has a cylindrical portion 2a having a raceway surface on the inner circumference, and flange portions 2b and 2c formed at both axial ends of the cylindrical portion 2a toward the inner diameter side. Of the two flange portions 2b and 2c, the relatively thick one at the axial end (the left end in the figure) is the flange portion 2b on the front bending side, and the thin one at the other end in the axial direction is the flange on the rear bending side. Part 2c. A large number of the needle rollers 3 are arranged without a retainer on the inner diameter side of the outer ring 2.
[0018]
A large number of oil retaining grooves 4 are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 2a of the outer race 2 along a direction parallel to the axial direction. In the illustrated example, the grooves 4,... Each have a length that covers substantially the entire axial width of the outer ring cylindrical portion 2a, and are provided at substantially equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the cylindrical portion 2a. The number and spacing of the grooves 4 may be set so that any one of the grooves 4 is in contact with the cam when the cam is rolled on the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 2, and specifically, in the circumferential direction. Ten or more, preferably about thirty, are provided at equal intervals.
[0019]
The length of the oil retaining groove 4 can be set to be significantly shorter than the axial width of the outer ring cylindrical portion 2a, and the intervals between the grooves 4 along the circumferential direction of the cylindrical portion 2a can be made uneven. In short, it suffices that the oil retaining grooves 4 are provided substantially uniformly distributed over the entire outer peripheral surface of the outer ring cylindrical portion 2a.
[0020]
The cross-sectional shape of the oil retaining groove 4 may be any cross-sectional shape such as a U-shape, a V-shape, an upward U-shape, etc. other than the semicircular arc shape shown in FIG. In consideration of forming by transfer as described later, a cross-sectional shape having a round bottom, such as a semicircular shape, is preferable.
[0021]
Further, the size of the cross-sectional shape of the oil retaining groove 4, that is, the relationship between the opening width A and the depth B is A ≧ B. Specifically, for example, while maintaining the above relationship, the opening width A can be set in the range of 0.05 to 5 mm, and the depth B can be set in the range of 0.05 to 1 mm. The depth B of the groove 4 is desirably set within 10% of the thickness of the cylindrical portion.
[0022]
According to the above configuration, since there are a large number of grooves 4 on the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 2, the contact area between the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 2 and the lubricating oil is increased, and the amount of retained lubricating oil is increased. An oil film is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the oil pump 2 over a wide range around the groove 4. Due to the presence of the oil film, excessive friction does not occur between the outer ring 2 and another rotating member that comes into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 2, and damages such as seizure and wear do not occur.
[0023]
In this case, since the direction of the oil retaining groove 4 is orthogonal to the circumferential direction of the outer ring 2, the lubricating oil retained in the groove 4 is scraped out by the rotating member that comes into contact with the outer ring 2. The lubricating oil remains in the groove 4 for a long time without being pushed or pushed out, and the effect of forming an oil film is maintained for a long time.
[0024]
Next, a manufacturing process of the shell-shaped outer ring 2 will be described with reference to FIGS. This manufacturing process is not so different from the conventional manufacturing process of this type of shell-shaped outer ring, but a part of this manufacturing process is used to form an oil retaining groove 4 on the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 2. The feature is that it does.
[0025]
(A) In the first step, as a material of the thin steel sheet of the required size, the molding is subjected to bending to this, as shown in (A) of FIG. 3, the body 2 0 shallow bowl shaped with a bottom I do.
[0026]
(B) In the second step, by drawing, from the element assembly 2 0 of the bowl-shaped, making cylindrical body 2 1 a of the bottom of the deep bottom as shown in (B) Figure 3.
[0027]
At this time, the inner peripheral surface of the bottomed cylindrical member 2 1 a receive female mold (not shown), strip-form protruding part corresponding to the groove 4 of the oil retention is formed by pre-discharge machining or the like, this is on the inner peripheral surface having a stripe-shaped convex outer circumferential face of the cylindrical body 2 1 bottomed pressure contact. This pressure, as shown on the right side of the (B) 3, on the outer circumferential surface of the bottomed cylindrical member 2 1 a convex portion is transferred, it is a groove 4 for oil retention. Therefore, simply by performing drawing in the conventional manner, at the same time, the groove 4 for holding oil is formed.
[0028]
(C) In the third step, part of the rear bent end of the flange portion 2c is formed, i.e., the cylindrical body 2 first opening portion of the bottomed be trimmed, as shown in (C) of FIG. 3, an opening part is the cylindrical body 2 2 became thinner is obtained.
[0029]
(D) In the fourth step, openings are subjected to drilling in the bottom of the cylindrical body 2 2 became thin. This, as shown in (D) in FIG. 3, the cylindrical body 2 3 with a hole obtained on the bottom. The bottom part with the hole becomes the flange part 2b on the front bending side.
[0030]
(E) In the fifth step, the fourth bending the opening of the resulting cylindrical body 2 3 thin is subjected in step, as shown in (E) of FIG. 3, the rear bending side of the flange parts 2c are formed, almost completed form 2 4 next to the outer ring 2, Thereafter, this is made heat treatment, thereby completing the outer ring 2 shown in FIG.
[0031]
In the above manufacturing process, if a streaky projection corresponding to the groove 4 for holding oil is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the female die for drawing, the oil holding Since the groove 4 is formed, a part of the conventional manufacturing process of the outer race can be used as it is, and there is no need to add a new process.
[0032]
The oil retaining groove 4 can be formed by other means such as cutting without using the above-described transfer.
[0033]
[Second embodiment]
FIG. 4 is a side view in which a half of a shell-type needle roller bearing according to a second embodiment of the present invention is cross-sectionally illustrated. Here, a full-roller, open-type, needle-type needle roller bearing is illustrated.
[0034]
A shell-shaped needle roller bearing 12 according to this embodiment includes a shell-shaped outer ring 2 and a plurality of needle rollers 3. The shell-shaped outer ring 2 includes a cylindrical portion 2 a having a raceway surface on an inner periphery, and a cylindrical portion 2 a. The point having the flange portions 2b and 2c formed at both ends in the axial direction of the portion 2a is the same as the shell-shaped needle roller bearing 1 of the first embodiment, and therefore, the shell-shaped needle roller bearing of the first embodiment. Portions common to the roller bearing 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals as in FIG.
[0035]
The shell needle roller bearing 12 of this embodiment is different from the shell needle roller bearing 1 of the first embodiment in that the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 2a of the outer ring 2 extends in a direction intersecting the axial direction at an acute angle. That is, the grooves 41 and 42 for holding oil are formed along.
[0036]
These grooves 41 and 42 may be curved, but in the illustrated example, the oil retaining grooves 41 and 42 are linear in side view, and include two types of inclined directions different from each other. There is. One type of groove 41 intersects with the axial direction at an inclination angle α (in FIG. 4, a downwardly inclined angle), and the other type of groove 42 is opposite to the one type of groove 41. And intersect with the axial direction at an inclination angle β (in FIG. 4, an inclination angle falling leftward).
[0037]
The lengths of the oil retaining grooves 41 and 42 may be substantially the entire width in the axial direction of the cylindrical portion 2a as shown in the illustrated example, or may be significantly shorter. The shape is not limited to a linear shape, but may be a shape that is curved or bent at an intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction. Furthermore, the inclination angle of the grooves 41 and 42 with respect to the axial direction can be set within an acute angle range, in short, any angle that intersects the circumferential direction of the outer ring 2 is sufficient. By setting the inclination angles of the grooves 41 and 42 to various angles, three or more types of grooves having different inclination directions can be formed. Of course, it is also possible to form only one type of groove having the same longitudinal direction.
[0038]
In addition, the cross-sectional shapes of the oil retaining grooves 41 and 42 and the allowable and preferred conditions for the size thereof are not particularly different from those of the oil retaining groove 4 in the first embodiment.
[0039]
Regarding the method of manufacturing the shell-shaped outer ring 2 and the method of forming the grooves 41 and 42 for retaining oil, the outer ring 2 is manufactured by a processing step including bending and drawing as in the case of the first embodiment. You. The grooves 41 and 42 for retaining oil are formed by transferring streaky projections provided on the inner peripheral surface of the female die for drawing when the material of the outer ring 2 is drawn.
[0040]
Usually, the drawing process is performed over a plurality of stages, such as a rough drawing and a finished drawing. Therefore, two types of grooves 41 and 42 having different inclination directions are formed by using the plurality of stages of drawing. That is, in the rough drawing stage, one type of groove 41 (42) having the same inclination direction is formed by transfer, and in the next drawing stage, the other groove 42 (41) having a different inclination direction is formed by transfer. Is done.
[0041]
In the shell-shaped needle roller bearing 12 having the above-described configuration, the lubricating oil is held in the oil holding grooves 41 and 42, similarly to the shell-shaped needle roller bearing 1 of the first embodiment. Is formed with an oil film centered on the grooves 41 and 42, and the presence of this oil film prevents the occurrence of damage such as seizure and wear. Moreover, since the directions of the grooves 41 and 42 intersect with the circumferential direction of the outer ring 2, the lubricating oil held in the grooves 41 and 42 is scraped or pushed out by the member that comes into contact with the outer ring 2. And the oil film forming effect is maintained for a long time.
[0042]
Further, in the shell-type needle roller bearing 12 of the second embodiment, each of the oil retaining grooves 41 and 42 provided in a state inclined with respect to the axial direction covers the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 2 in a wide angle range. Therefore, an oil film is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the outer race 2 over the entire outer periphery of the outer ring 2 around these grooves 41 and 42, as compared with the case where the grooves 4 are formed in parallel to the axial direction. The oil film extends all around the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring, and the oil film is hardly interrupted at various locations in the circumferential direction.
[0043]
[Third embodiment]
FIG. 5 is a side view of a shell needle roller bearing according to a third embodiment of the present invention. In the shell needle roller bearing 13 of this embodiment, a spiral oil retaining groove 43 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 2a of the outer race 2. The groove 43 is formed, for example, by using a mold having a convex portion corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the groove 43 on the inner peripheral surface of a hole having an inner diameter corresponding to the outer diameter of the outer ring 2. It is formed by passing a material to be twisted.
[0044]
Since the groove 43 covers the outer peripheral surface of the outer race 2 in a wide angle range, the oil film extends over the entire outer peripheral surface of the outer race and the oil film extends around the outer peripheral surface as compared with the case where the groove 4 is formed parallel to the axial direction. It is the same as in the second embodiment that there is little interruption at various points in the direction.
[0045]
[Fourth embodiment]
The fourth embodiment exemplifies a usage form of the shell needle roller bearing 1 of the first embodiment. FIG. 6 is a longitudinal side view of a rocker arm as a cam follower including the shell needle roller bearing 1. FIG. 7 is a plan view of the rocker arm of FIG.
[0046]
In these figures, reference numeral 30 indicates the entire rocker arm, reference numeral 31 indicates a cam, reference numeral 32 indicates a lash adjuster serving as a tilt support portion, and reference numeral 33 indicates a valve.
[0047]
The rocker arm 30 is of the end pivot type and includes a pair of side walls 34 and 35 facing each other. A pivot portion 36 fitted to the upper end of the lash adjuster 32 is provided between one end in the longitudinal direction of the pair of side walls 34 and 35, and a valve member abutting on the valve 33 is provided between the other ends in the longitudinal direction. A joint 37 is provided.
[0048]
A support shaft 38 is provided between the longitudinally intermediate portions of the side walls 34 and 35 of the rocker arm 30, and the support shaft 38 is rotatably supported by the outer periphery of the support shaft 38 and abuts against the cam 31. A shell-shaped needle roller bearing 1 according to one embodiment is provided. Therefore, the shell-shaped needle roller bearing 1 is an outer ring rotating type bearing having the support shaft 38 as an inner ring, and the cam 31 is in rolling contact with the outer peripheral surface of the shell-shaped outer ring 2.
[0049]
Since the groove 4 for holding oil is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the shell-shaped outer ring 2, the contact area between the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 2 and the lubricating oil is increased, and an oil film is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 2. It is formed. The presence of this oil film prevents the occurrence of damage such as burn-in and wear.
[0050]
The rocker arm 30 having the above configuration can be reduced in size and weight by using the shell-shaped needle roller bearing 1 as a rotating body that contacts the cam 31. Needless to say, the shell-type needle roller bearing 12 of the second embodiment can be used for the rocker arm 30.
[0051]
[Other embodiments]
In the first and second embodiments, the open needle type needle roller bearing with full rollers is shown. However, the present invention is also applicable to a shell type needle roller bearing with a cage. Further, the present invention is applied to a shell-type needle roller bearing having a closed end, and the shell-type needle roller bearing is applied to a cam follower that supports a rotating body with a cantilever shaft like a stud-type cam follower. , May be incorporated as a rotating body that comes into contact with the cam.
[0052]
The rollers arranged on the inner periphery of the shell-shaped outer ring are not limited to needle rollers, and may be cylindrical rollers.
[0053]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, since the groove is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring, the contact area with the lubricating oil is increased, and an oil film is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring. Therefore, even if another rotating member such as a cam frequently contacts the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring, excessive friction does not occur, and damage such as seizure and abrasion is prevented. We can use without trouble.
[0054]
Further, since the oil retaining groove intersects the circumferential direction of the outer ring, the lubricating oil held in the groove may be scraped or pushed out by the rotating member rollingly contacting the outer ring. In addition, the effect of forming an oil film is maintained for a long time.
[0055]
When the oil retaining groove is formed by transfer from a female die for drawing, the oil retaining groove is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring simultaneously with the drawing of the outer ring material. Thus, a part of the conventional outer ring manufacturing process can be used as it is, and there is no need to add a new process, which is advantageous in terms of cost.
[0056]
When the shell type roller bearing of the present invention is used in a cam follower as a rotating body that comes into contact with a cam, it is useful for reducing the size and weight of the cam follower.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional side view of a half part of a shell needle roller bearing according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view showing a part of an outer ring of the bearing of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a process of manufacturing an outer ring of the bearing of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a side view showing a half section of a shell needle roller bearing according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a side view of a shell-type needle roller bearing according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional side view of a rocker arm including a shell-shaped needle roller bearing according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a plan view of the rocker arm of FIG. 6;
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Needle roller bearing of shell type 2 Outer ring of shell type 3 Needle roller 4 Groove 30 for oil holding Rocker arm

Claims (3)

シェル形の外輪を回転輪とするシェル形ころ軸受であって、前記外輪の外周面に、軸方向と平行の方向もしくは軸方向と鋭角に交差する方向に沿って油保持用の溝が複数本形成されているシェル形ころ軸受。A shell-type roller bearing having a shell-shaped outer ring as a rotating ring, wherein a plurality of oil retaining grooves are provided on an outer peripheral surface of the outer ring along a direction parallel to an axial direction or a direction intersecting at an acute angle with the axial direction. Formed shell roller bearing. 請求項1に記載のシェル形ころ軸受において、
前記外輪は、絞り加工を含む加工工程により製作されるものであり、前記油保持用の溝は、絞り加工で用いる雌金型の内周面に設けられた筋状の凸部からの転写により形成されるものであるシェル形ころ軸受。
The shell-type roller bearing according to claim 1,
The outer ring is manufactured by a processing step including drawing, and the oil retaining groove is formed by transfer from a streak-like convex portion provided on an inner peripheral surface of a female mold used in drawing. A shell-type roller bearing to be formed.
一対の側壁を有する胴体と、前記一対の側壁間には架設される支軸と、この支軸の外周に回転自在に支持され、かつ外周面にカムが当接される回転体とを含み、
前記回転体が、請求項1または請求項2に記載のシェル形ころ軸受とされているカムフォロア。
A body having a pair of side walls, a spindle mounted between the pair of side walls, and a rotating body rotatably supported on the outer periphery of the spindle and abutting a cam on an outer peripheral surface,
A cam follower, wherein the rotating body is the shell-type roller bearing according to claim 1 or 2.
JP2002276711A 2002-09-24 2002-09-24 Shell-type roller bearing and cam follower using the same Expired - Fee Related JP4055530B2 (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005029075A1 (en) * 2005-06-23 2006-12-28 Ab Skf Machine part e.g. planetary wheel, suspension arrangement for planetary gear, has axial sections present in outer ring and/or at outer rings and/or at machine part, and helically running grooves running in opposite direction in sections
DE102007027772A1 (en) 2007-06-16 2008-12-24 Ab Skf Arrangement for mounting machine part by bearing, has bearing that has inner ring and outer ring, where inner ring and outer ring lies in cylindrical contact surfaces at the machine unit and in support unit

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005029075A1 (en) * 2005-06-23 2006-12-28 Ab Skf Machine part e.g. planetary wheel, suspension arrangement for planetary gear, has axial sections present in outer ring and/or at outer rings and/or at machine part, and helically running grooves running in opposite direction in sections
DE102005029075B4 (en) * 2005-06-23 2007-04-12 Ab Skf Arrangement for mounting a planetary gear of a planetary gear
DE102007027772A1 (en) 2007-06-16 2008-12-24 Ab Skf Arrangement for mounting machine part by bearing, has bearing that has inner ring and outer ring, where inner ring and outer ring lies in cylindrical contact surfaces at the machine unit and in support unit

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