JP4055530B2 - Shell-type roller bearing and cam follower using the same - Google Patents

Shell-type roller bearing and cam follower using the same Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4055530B2
JP4055530B2 JP2002276711A JP2002276711A JP4055530B2 JP 4055530 B2 JP4055530 B2 JP 4055530B2 JP 2002276711 A JP2002276711 A JP 2002276711A JP 2002276711 A JP2002276711 A JP 2002276711A JP 4055530 B2 JP4055530 B2 JP 4055530B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
outer ring
shell
peripheral surface
roller bearing
grooves
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JP2004116541A (en
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義孝 早稲田
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JTEKT Corp
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JTEKT Corp
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  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、シェル形ころ軸受およびこれを用いたカムフォロアに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
シェル形針状ころ軸受は、シェル形の外輪と、複数の針状ころとを備えたもので、保持器を用いない総ころ形と、保持器付きとの二つのタイプがある。
【0003】
前記シェル形の外輪は、一枚の薄鋼板を素材としてこれに曲げ加工、絞り加工を行って、一旦、有底の筒体を形成した上で、この筒体に鍔部を形成する等の加工を施して仕上げられる。
【0004】
このシェル形針状ころ軸受は、通常、ハウジングの孔の内径部に所定のしめしろで圧入することで取り付けられるもので、したがって、外輪固定、もしくは外輪非回転の軸受として使用されるのが普通である。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、上記のシェル形針状ころ軸受については、小さなスペースで大きい定格荷重を有することから、外輪回転の軸受として使用することが一部で考えられている。
【0006】
しかしながら、従来のシェル形針状ころ軸受は、外輪回転の軸受として使用することが予定されておらず、また、外輪が絞り加工等により成形されるため、外輪の外周面は凹凸のない平滑面となっている。
【0007】
このような外輪の外周面は、潤滑油との接触面積が小さくて、保持される油量が極めて少なく、この外周面に他の回転部材が転接するようになると、油量不足から焼き付き、摩耗等の損傷が生じやすい。
【0008】
そこで、本発明の主たる課題は、油量不足による外輪の損傷の発生を防止して、外輪回転の軸受として支障なく使用できるようにすることである。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、上述した課題を達成するために、シェル形の外輪を回転輪とするシェル形ころ軸受であって、前記外輪は、絞り加工を含む加工工程により製作されるものであり、前記外輪の外周面に、前記絞り加工の際、雌金型の内周面を圧接し該雌金型の内周面に設けられた筋状の凸部を転写することにより、軸方向と平行の方向もしくは軸方向と鋭角に交差する方向に沿って油保持用の溝が複数本形成されており、前記油保持用の溝は、軸方向に対する角度により1種類もしくは複数種類あり、同一種類で周方向に隣り合う溝は、互いに平行に形成されているシェル形ころ軸受を構成している。
【0010】
この構成によれば、外輪の外周面に溝があることで、外輪外周面と潤滑油との接触面積が広くなって、保持される潤滑油の量が増え、外輪の外周面には、前記の溝を中心に広い範囲にわたって油膜が形成される。この油膜の存在で、外輪の外周面にカムのような他の回転部材が頻繁に転接しても、過度の摩擦を生じることがなく、焼き付きや摩耗等の損傷の発生が防止される。
【0011】
この場合、油保持用の溝の方向は、外輪の周方向に対して交差しているので、該溝に保持されている潤滑油が、外輪に転接する回転部材により掻き出されたり押し出されたりすることがなく、溝には潤滑油が長く残存し、油膜形成効果が長期間維持される。
また、油保持用の溝は、絞り加工で用いる雌金型の内周面に設けられた筋状の凸部の転写により形成されるから、外輪の製作時に絞り加工に使用する雌金型の内周面に、油保持用の溝に対応する筋状の凸部を予め形成しておけばよく、これで絞り加工と同時に、外輪の外周面に油保持用の溝が形成される。したがって、従来の外輪の製作工程の一部をそのまま利用することができ、新たな工程を付加する必要がなく、コスト面で有利である。
【0012】
なお、油保持用の溝は、必ずしも外輪の軸方向全幅にわたって形成する必要はなく、外輪の軸方向幅より短くてもよく、また、全体が曲線状であったり、中途部で湾曲したり屈曲していてもよい。シェル形の外輪の内周に配置されるころは、針状ころのほか、円筒ころであってもよい。
【0015】
上記構成のシェル形ころ軸受を、カムに当接する回転体としてカムフォロアに使用した場合は、カムフォロアの小型化、軽量化に役立つ。
【0016】
【発明の実施の形態】
〔第1実施形態〕
図1ないし図3は、本発明の第1実施形態に係り、図1は、第1実施形態に係るシェル形針状ころ軸受の半部を断面した側面図、図2は、図1の軸受の外輪の一部を拡大して示した断面図、図3は、図1の軸受の外輪の製作過程を示す説明図である。これらの図には、総ころ形で開放形のシェル形針状ころ軸受を例示している。
【0017】
図1において、符号1はシェル形針状ころ軸受の全体を示し、2はシェル形の外輪、3は針状ころである。シェル形の外輪2は、内周に軌道面を有する円筒部2aと、この円筒部2aの軸方向両端にそれぞれ内径側に向けて延出形成された鍔部2b,2cとを有する。両鍔部2b,2cのうち、軸方向一端(図において、左端)の比較的厚肉のものが先曲げ側の鍔部2bであり、軸方向他端の薄肉のものが後曲げ側の鍔部2cである。針状ころ3は、多数のものが外輪2の内径側に保持器なしで配置されている。
【0018】
外輪2の円筒部2aの外周面には、軸方向と平行の方向に沿って油保持用の溝4が多数本形成されている。図示の例では、これらの溝4,…は、それぞれ外輪円筒部2aの軸方向のほぼ全幅にわたる長さを有し、互いに円筒部2aの周方向に沿ってほぼ等間隔に設けられている。溝4の本数や間隔は、外輪2の外周面にカムを転接させて使用する場合において、いずれかの溝4がカムに接するように設定すればよいが、具体的には、円周方向等間隔に10本以上、好ましくは30本程度設けられる。
【0019】
油保持用の溝4の長さは、外輪円筒部2aの軸方向幅より大幅に短く設定したり、円筒部2aの周方向に沿った溝4相互間の間隔を不均一にすることも可能で、要するに、外輪円筒部2aの外周面の全体に油保持用の溝4がほぼ均等に分散して設けられていればよい。
【0020】
油保持用の溝4の断面形状は、図2に示す半円弧状のほか、U字形や、V字形、上向きコ字形等、どのような断面形状でもよいが、外輪2の強度に与える影響や、後に説明するように転写により形成することを考慮すると、半円弧状のように、底部が丸い断面形状が好適である。
【0021】
また、この油保持用の溝4の断面形状の大きさ、すなわち開口幅Aと深さBとの関係は、A≧Bとされる。具体的には、例えば、上記関係を維持した上で、開口幅Aを0.05〜5mm、深さBを0.05〜1mmの範囲で設定することができる。溝4の深さBは、円筒部の板厚の10%以内に収めることが望ましい。
【0022】
上記の構成によれば、外輪2の外周面に多数の溝4があることで、外輪2の外周面と潤滑油との接触面積が広くなって、保持される潤滑油の量が増え、外輪2の外周面には、前記の溝4を中心に広い範囲にわたって油膜が形成される。この油膜の存在で、外輪2の外周面に転接する他の回転部材との間で過度の摩擦を生じることがなく、焼き付きや摩耗等の損傷が発生しなくなる。
【0023】
この場合、油保持用の溝4の方向は、外輪2の周方向に対して直交しているので、該溝4に保持されている潤滑油が、外輪2に転接する回転部材により掻き出されたり押し出されたりすることがなく、溝4には潤滑油が長く残存し、油膜形成効果が長期間維持される。
【0024】
次に、前記したシェル形の外輪2の製作過程を図3の(A)〜(E)に基づいて説明する。この製作過程は、従来のこの種のシェル形の外輪の製作過程と大きく異なるものではないが、この製作過程の一部を利用して、外輪2の外周面に油保持用の溝4を形成する点に特徴がある。
【0025】
(A)第1の工程では、所要の径の薄鋼板を素材として、これに曲げ加工を施して、図3の(A)に示すように、底の浅い椀形の素体20を成形する。
【0026】
(B)第2工程では、絞り加工により、前記の椀形の素体20から、図3の(B)に示すような底の深い有底の筒体21を作る。
【0027】
この際、有底の筒体21を受ける雌金型(図示省略)の内周面には、油保持用の溝4に対応する筋状凸部が予め放電加工等により形成されており、この筋状凸部を有する内周面には有底の筒体21の外周面が圧接する。この圧接により、図3の(B)の右側に示すように、有底の筒体21の外周面には凸部が転写されて、油保持用の溝4ができる。したがって、従来通りに絞り加工を行うだけで、これと同時に、油保持用の溝4が形成されることになる。
【0028】
(C)第3の工程では、後曲げ側の鍔部2cが形成される部分、すなわち、有底の筒体21の開口部分がトリミングされ、図3の(C)に示すような、開口部が薄肉になった筒体22が得られる。
【0029】
(D)第4の工程では、開口部が薄肉になった筒体22の底部に孔明け加工を施す。これで図3の(D)に示すような、底部に孔がある筒体23が得られる。孔が明いた底部が先曲げ側の鍔部2bになる。
【0030】
(E)第5の工程では、第4の工程で得られた筒体23の薄肉の開口部に曲げ加工が施されて、図3の(E)に示すように、後曲げ側の鍔部2cが形成され、ほぼ外輪2の完成形24となり、こののち、これに熱処理がなされて、図1に示した外輪2が完成する。
【0031】
上記の製作過程では、絞り加工用の雌金型の内周面に、油保持用の溝4に対応する筋状の凸部を設けておけば、絞り加工と同時に、外輪2に油保持用の溝4が形成されるから、従来の外輪の製作過程の一部をそのまま利用でき、新たに工程を付加する必要がない。
【0033】
〔第2実施形態〕
図4は、本発明の第2実施形態に係るシェル形針状ころ軸受の半部を断面した側面図で、ここでは総ころ形で開放形のシェル形針状ころ軸受を例示している。
【0034】
この実施形態のシェル形針状ころ軸受12が、シェル形の外輪2と、複数の針状ころ3からなり、シェル形の外輪2が、内周に軌道面を有する円筒部2aと、この円筒部2aの軸方向両端にそれぞれ形成された鍔部2b,2cとを有する点は、第1実施形態のシェル形針状ころ軸受1と同じであり、したがって、第1実施形態のシェル形針状ころ軸受1と共通する部分には、図1と同じ符号を付している。
【0035】
この実施形態のシェル形針状ころ軸受12が、第1実施形態のシェル形針状ころ軸受1と異なるのは、外輪2の円筒部2aの外周面に、軸方向と鋭角に交差する方向に沿って油保持用の溝41,42が形成されていることである。
【0036】
これらの溝41,42は、曲線状のものであってもよいが、図示例では、油保持用の溝41,42は側面視で直線状で、これには傾斜方向が異なる2種類のものがある。一方の種類の溝41は、軸方向に対して傾斜角度α(図4において、右下がりの傾斜角度)で交差しており、他方の種類の溝42は、一方の種類の溝41とは逆方向に傾斜していて、軸方向に対して傾斜角度β(図4において、左下がりの傾斜角度)で交差している。
【0037】
これら油保持用の溝41,42の長さについては、図示例のように、円筒部2aの軸方向のほぼ全幅にわたる長さとするほか、それより大幅に短い長さとしてもよく、また、形状については、直線状のものに限らず、長手方向中途部で湾曲したり屈曲した形状のものであってもよい。さらに、溝41,42の軸方向に対する傾斜角度は、鋭角の範囲内で設定することができ、要するに、外輪2の周方向と交差する角度であればよい。各溝41,42の傾斜角度を種々の角度に設定して、傾斜方向が異なる3種類以上の溝を形成することもできる。もちろん、長手方向が同一の1種類の溝のみを形成することも可能である。
【0038】
その他、油保持用の溝41,42の断面形状や、その大きさについての許容条件、好適条件は、第1実施形態における油保持用の溝4と特に変わらない。
【0039】
シェル形の外輪2の製作方法や、油保持用の溝41,42の形成方法については、第1実施形態の場合と同様に、外輪2は、曲げ加工や絞り加工を含む加工工程により製作される。また、油保持用の溝41,42は、外輪2の素材を絞り加工する際に、絞り加工用の雌金型の内周面に設けられた筋状の凸部の転写により形成される。
【0040】
前記の絞り加工は、通常、粗絞りおよび仕上げ絞りのように、複数段にわたって行われるから、この複数段の絞りを利用して、傾斜方向が異なる2種類の溝41,42が形成される。すなわち、粗絞りの段階で、傾斜方向が同一の一方の種類の溝41(42)が転写により形成され、次の絞りの段階で、傾斜方向が異なる他方の溝42(41)が転写により形成される。
【0041】
上記構成のシェル形針状ころ軸受12では、第1実施形態のシェル形針状ころ軸受1と同様に、油保持用の溝41,42に潤滑油が保持されるので、外輪2の外周面には、溝41,42を中心に油膜が形成され、この油膜の存在で、焼き付きや摩耗等の損傷の発生が防止される。しかも、溝41,42の方向が、外輪2の周方向に対して交差しているので、該溝41,42に保持されている潤滑油が、外輪2に転接する部材により掻き出されたり押し出されたりすることが少なく、油膜形成効果が長期間維持される。
【0042】
さらに、この第2実施形態のシェル形針状ころ軸受12では、軸方向に対して傾斜した状態で設けられた油保持用の溝41,42のそれぞれが、外輪2の外周面を広い角度範囲でカバーするので、これらの溝41,42を中心に、外輪2の外周面には全周にわたって油膜が形成されることになり、軸方向と平行に溝4が形成されている場合に比べ、油膜が外輪の外周面の全周に及び、油膜が周方向各所で途切れることが少ない。
【0043】
〔第3実施形態〕
図5は、本発明の第3実施形態に係るシェル形針状ころ軸受の側面図である。この実施形態のシェル形針状ころ軸受13では、外輪2の円筒部2aの外周面に、スパイラル状の油保持用の溝43が形成されている。この溝43は、例えば、外輪2の外径に一致する内径の孔の内周面に、溝43の断面形状に対応した凸部を有する金型を用い、この金型の孔内に外輪2となる素材を、ねじりながら通すことで形成される。
【0044】
この溝43は、外輪2の外周面を広い角度範囲でカバーするので、軸方向と平行に溝4が形成されている場合に比べ、油膜が外輪の外周面の全周に及び、油膜が周方向各所で途切れることが少ない点は、第2実施形態の場合と同じである。
【0045】
〔第4実施形態〕
第4実施形態は、第1実施形態のシェル形針状ころ軸受1の使用形態を例示するもので、図6は、前記シェル形針状ころ軸受1を含むカムフォロアとしてのロッカアームの縦断側面図、図7は、図6のロッカアームの平面図である。
【0046】
これらの図において、符号30はロッカアームの全体を示し、31はカム、32は、傾動支持部となるラッシュアジャスタ、33はバルブである。
【0047】
ロッカアーム30は、エンドピボットタイプで、互いに対向する一対の側壁34,35を備えている。一対の側壁34,35の長手方向一端部間には、ラッシュアジャスタ32の上端部に嵌合するピボット部36が設けられ、長手方向他端部間には、バルブ33に当接されるバルブ係合部37が設けられている。
【0048】
ロッカアーム30の側壁34,35の長手方向中間部間に支軸38が架設され、この支軸38には、これの外周に回転自在に支持されてカム31に当接される回転体として、第1実施形態のシェル形針状ころ軸受1が設けられている。したがって、シェル形針状ころ軸受1は、支軸38を内輪とする外輪回転型の軸受となっており、そのシェル形の外輪2の外周面にカム31が転接する。
【0049】
シェル形の外輪2の外周面には油保持用の溝4が形成されているので、外輪2の外周面と潤滑油との接触面積が広くなっており、外輪2の外周面には油膜が形成される。この油膜の存在で、焼き付きや摩耗等の損傷の発生が防止される。
【0050】
上記構成のロッカアーム30は、カム31に当接する回転体としてシェル形針状ころ軸受1を用いることで、小型化、軽量化が可能になる。このロッカアーム30に、第2実施形態のシェル形針状ころ軸受12を使用しうることは言うまでもない。
【0051】
〔他の実施形態〕
第1および第2実施形態では、総ころ形で開放形のシェル形針状ころ軸受を示したが、本発明は、保持器付きのシェル形針状ころ軸受にも適用可能である。また、本発明は、一端密閉形のシェル形針状ころ軸受に適用して、そのシェル形針状ころ軸受を、スタッド形のカムフォロアのように、回転体を片持ちの軸で支持するカムフォロアに、カムに当接する回転体として組み込んでもよい。
【0052】
シェル形の外輪の内周に配置されるころは、針状ころに限らず、円筒ころであってもよい。
【0053】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、外輪の外周面に溝が形成されることで、潤滑油との接触面積が拡大し、外輪の外周面には油膜が形成される。そのため、外輪の外周面にカムのような他の回転部材が頻繁に転接しても、過度の摩擦を生じることがなく、焼き付きや摩耗等の損傷の発生が防止され、外輪回転型の軸受として支障なく使用できる。
【0054】
また、油保持用の溝は、外輪の周方向に対して交差しているので、該溝に保持されている潤滑油が、外輪に転接する回転部材により掻き出されたり押し出されたりすることがなく、油膜形成効果が長期間維持される。
【0055】
油保持用の溝が、絞り加工用の雌金型からの転写により形成されるから、外輪の素材の絞り加工と同時に、外輪の外周面に油保持用の溝が形成されることになり、従来の外輪の製作工程の一部をそのまま利用することができ、新たな工程を付加する必要がなく、コスト面で有利である。
【0056】
本発明のシェル形ころ軸受を、カムに当接する回転体としてカムフォロアに使用した場合は、カムフォロアの小型化、軽量化に役立つ。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の第1実施形態に係るシェル形針状ころ軸受の半部を断面した側面図である。
【図2】図1の軸受の外輪の一部を拡大して示した断面図である。
【図3】図1の軸受の外輪の製作過程を示す説明図である。
【図4】本発明の第2実施形態に係るシェル形針状ころ軸受の半部を断面した側面図である。
【図5】本発明の第3実施形態に係るシェル形針状ころ軸受の側面図である。
【図6】本発明の第4実施形態を示すもので、シェル形針状ころ軸受を含むロッカアームの縦断側面図である。
【図7】図6のロッカアームの平面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 シェル形針状ころ軸受
2 シェル形の外輪
3 針状ころ
4 油保持用の溝
30 ロッカアーム
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a shell type roller bearing and a cam follower using the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Shell-shaped needle roller bearings are provided with a shell-shaped outer ring and a plurality of needle rollers, and there are two types, a full roller type that does not use a cage and a cage type.
[0003]
The shell-shaped outer ring is formed by bending and drawing a thin steel plate as a raw material, once forming a bottomed cylinder, and forming a flange on the cylinder, etc. Finished with processing.
[0004]
This shell-type needle roller bearing is normally mounted by press-fitting into the inner diameter portion of the hole of the housing with a predetermined interference. Therefore, it is usually used as a bearing fixed to the outer ring or non-rotating the outer ring. It is.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, the above-mentioned shell-type needle roller bearing has a large rated load in a small space, and therefore is considered to be used as a bearing for rotating the outer ring.
[0006]
However, conventional shell-type needle roller bearings are not planned to be used as outer ring rotating bearings, and the outer ring is formed by drawing or the like, so that the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring is a smooth surface without irregularities. It has become.
[0007]
The outer peripheral surface of such an outer ring has a small contact area with the lubricating oil, and the amount of oil retained is extremely small. When another rotating member comes into rolling contact with this outer peripheral surface, seizure and wear occur due to insufficient oil amount. Such damage is likely to occur.
[0008]
Accordingly, a main problem of the present invention is to prevent the outer ring from being damaged due to a shortage of the oil amount so that it can be used as a bearing for rotating the outer ring without any trouble.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a shell-type roller bearing having a shell-shaped outer ring as a rotating ring, wherein the outer ring is manufactured by a machining process including drawing. A direction parallel to the axial direction is formed by pressing the inner peripheral surface of the female mold on the outer peripheral surface of the female mold and transferring the streak-shaped convex portions provided on the inner peripheral surface of the female mold. Alternatively, a plurality of oil retaining grooves are formed along a direction that intersects the axial direction at an acute angle, and the oil retaining grooves are of one type or a plurality of types depending on the angle with respect to the axial direction. The grooves adjacent to each other constitute shell-type roller bearings formed in parallel to each other .
[0010]
According to this configuration, the groove on the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring increases the contact area between the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring and the lubricating oil, and the amount of lubricating oil retained increases. An oil film is formed over a wide range around the groove. Due to the presence of this oil film, even if other rotating members such as cams are frequently brought into rolling contact with the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring, excessive friction does not occur, and occurrence of damage such as seizure and wear is prevented.
[0011]
In this case, since the direction of the groove for retaining oil intersects the circumferential direction of the outer ring, the lubricating oil retained in the groove is scraped or pushed out by the rotating member that is in rolling contact with the outer ring. The lubricating oil remains in the groove for a long time, and the oil film forming effect is maintained for a long time.
In addition, the oil retaining groove is formed by transferring a streak-shaped convex portion provided on the inner peripheral surface of the female mold used in the drawing process, so that the female mold used for the drawing process when manufacturing the outer ring is formed. A streak-like convex portion corresponding to the oil retaining groove may be formed in advance on the inner peripheral surface, so that the oil retaining groove is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring simultaneously with the drawing. Therefore, a part of the conventional outer ring manufacturing process can be used as it is, and it is not necessary to add a new process, which is advantageous in terms of cost.
[0012]
The oil retaining groove does not necessarily have to be formed over the entire axial width of the outer ring, and may be shorter than the axial width of the outer ring, and may be entirely curved or curved or bent in the middle. You may do it. The rollers disposed on the inner periphery of the shell-shaped outer ring may be needle rollers or cylindrical rollers.
[0015]
When the shell type roller bearing having the above configuration is used for a cam follower as a rotating body in contact with the cam, it is useful for reducing the size and weight of the cam follower.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[First Embodiment]
1 to 3 relate to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a side view of a half portion of a shell needle roller bearing according to the first embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a bearing of FIG. FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a manufacturing process of the outer ring of the bearing of FIG. 1. In these figures, a full-roller, open-type shell needle roller bearing is illustrated.
[0017]
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes the entire shell needle roller bearing, 2 is a shell-shaped outer ring, and 3 is a needle roller. The shell-shaped outer ring 2 includes a cylindrical portion 2a having a raceway surface on the inner periphery, and flange portions 2b and 2c that are formed to extend toward the inner diameter side at both ends in the axial direction of the cylindrical portion 2a. Of the two flange portions 2b and 2c, the relatively thick one at the one axial end (left end in the figure) is the pre-bend side flange 2b, and the thin one at the other axial end is the rear bend side flange. Part 2c. Many needle rollers 3 are arranged on the inner diameter side of the outer ring 2 without a cage.
[0018]
A large number of oil retaining grooves 4 are formed on the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical portion 2a of the outer ring 2 along a direction parallel to the axial direction. In the example shown in the figure, these grooves 4,... Each have a length extending over almost the entire width in the axial direction of the outer ring cylindrical portion 2a, and are provided at substantially equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the cylindrical portion 2a. The number and interval of the grooves 4 may be set so that any one of the grooves 4 is in contact with the cam when the outer ring 2 is used by rolling the cam on the outer peripheral surface. Ten or more, preferably about 30, are provided at equal intervals.
[0019]
The length of the oil retaining groove 4 can be set to be significantly shorter than the axial width of the outer ring cylindrical portion 2a, or the spacing between the grooves 4 along the circumferential direction of the cylindrical portion 2a can be made non-uniform. In short, it is only necessary that the oil retaining grooves 4 are substantially uniformly distributed over the entire outer peripheral surface of the outer ring cylindrical portion 2a.
[0020]
The cross-sectional shape of the oil retaining groove 4 may be any cross-sectional shape such as a U-shape, a V-shape, or an upward U-shape in addition to the semicircular arc shape shown in FIG. Considering the formation by transfer as will be described later, a cross-sectional shape with a round bottom is preferable, such as a semicircular arc shape.
[0021]
The size of the cross-sectional shape of the oil retaining groove 4, that is, the relationship between the opening width A and the depth B is A ≧ B. Specifically, for example, the opening width A can be set in the range of 0.05 to 5 mm and the depth B can be set in the range of 0.05 to 1 mm while maintaining the above relationship. The depth B of the groove 4 is preferably within 10% of the plate thickness of the cylindrical portion.
[0022]
According to the above configuration, since there are a large number of grooves 4 on the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 2, the contact area between the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 2 and the lubricating oil is widened, and the amount of lubricating oil to be retained is increased. An oil film is formed on the outer peripheral surface 2 over a wide range centering on the groove 4. The presence of this oil film does not cause excessive friction with other rotating members that are in rolling contact with the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 2, and damage such as seizure or wear does not occur.
[0023]
In this case, since the direction of the oil retaining groove 4 is orthogonal to the circumferential direction of the outer ring 2, the lubricating oil retained in the groove 4 is scraped by a rotating member that is in rolling contact with the outer ring 2. The lubricating oil remains in the groove 4 for a long time, and the oil film forming effect is maintained for a long time.
[0024]
Next, the manufacturing process of the shell-shaped outer ring 2 will be described with reference to FIGS. Although this manufacturing process is not significantly different from the conventional manufacturing process of this type of shell-shaped outer ring, the oil retaining groove 4 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 2 by utilizing a part of this manufacturing process. There is a feature in the point to do.
[0025]
(A) In the first step, as a material of the thin steel sheet of the required size, the molding is subjected to bending to this, as shown in (A) of FIG. 3, the body 2 0 shallow bowl shaped with a bottom To do.
[0026]
(B) In the second step, by drawing, from the element assembly 2 0 of the bowl-shaped, making cylindrical body 2 1 a of the bottom of the deep bottom as shown in (B) Figure 3.
[0027]
At this time, the inner peripheral surface of the bottomed cylindrical member 2 1 a receive female mold (not shown), strip-form protruding part corresponding to the groove 4 of the oil retention is formed by pre-discharge machining or the like, this is on the inner peripheral surface having a stripe-shaped convex outer circumferential face of the cylindrical body 2 1 bottomed pressure contact. This pressure, as shown on the right side of the (B) 3, on the outer circumferential surface of the bottomed cylindrical member 2 1 a convex portion is transferred, it is a groove 4 for oil retention. Therefore, the oil retaining groove 4 is formed at the same time only by performing the drawing process as usual.
[0028]
(C) In the third step, part of the rear bent end of the flange portion 2c is formed, i.e., the cylindrical body 2 first opening portion of the bottomed be trimmed, as shown in (C) of FIG. 3, an opening part is the cylindrical body 2 2 became thinner is obtained.
[0029]
(D) In the fourth step, openings are subjected to drilling in the bottom of the cylindrical body 2 2 became thin. This, as shown in (D) in FIG. 3, the cylindrical body 2 3 with a hole obtained on the bottom. The bottom portion with the hole becomes the flange portion 2b on the bending side.
[0030]
(E) In the fifth step, the fourth bending the opening of the resulting cylindrical body 2 3 thin is subjected in step, as shown in (E) of FIG. 3, the rear bending side of the flange parts 2c are formed, almost completed form 2 4 next to the outer ring 2, Thereafter, this is made heat treatment, thereby completing the outer ring 2 shown in FIG.
[0031]
In the above manufacturing process, if a streak-like convex portion corresponding to the oil retaining groove 4 is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the drawing female die, the outer ring 2 is used for retaining oil simultaneously with the drawing processing. Therefore, part of the conventional outer ring manufacturing process can be used as it is, and there is no need to add a new process.
[0033]
[Second Embodiment]
FIG. 4 is a side view of a half portion of a shell needle roller bearing according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and here, a full roller type and open shell needle roller bearing is illustrated.
[0034]
The shell-shaped needle roller bearing 12 of this embodiment includes a shell-shaped outer ring 2 and a plurality of needle rollers 3, and the shell-shaped outer ring 2 has a cylindrical portion 2a having a raceway surface on the inner periphery, and the cylinder. The point which has the collar parts 2b and 2c formed in the axial direction both ends of the part 2a is the same as the shell-shaped needle roller bearing 1 of 1st Embodiment, Therefore, the shell-shaped needle shape of 1st Embodiment Portions common to the roller bearing 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG.
[0035]
The shell needle roller bearing 12 of this embodiment is different from the shell needle roller bearing 1 of the first embodiment in that the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 2a of the outer ring 2 intersects the axial direction at an acute angle. Along with this, grooves 41 and 42 for retaining oil are formed.
[0036]
These grooves 41 and 42 may be curved, but in the illustrated example, the oil retaining grooves 41 and 42 are linear when viewed from the side, and there are two types with different inclination directions. There is. One type of groove 41 intersects with the axial direction at an inclination angle α (inclined to the right in FIG. 4), and the other type of groove 42 is opposite to the one type of groove 41. It is inclined in the direction and intersects with the axial direction at an inclination angle β (inclination angle that is lower left in FIG. 4).
[0037]
The lengths of the oil retaining grooves 41 and 42 are not limited to the length over the entire width of the cylindrical portion 2a in the axial direction as shown in the illustrated example, but may be much shorter than that. About not only a linear thing but the thing of the shape curved or bent in the middle part of the longitudinal direction may be sufficient. Furthermore, the inclination angle of the grooves 41 and 42 with respect to the axial direction can be set within an acute angle range. In short, any angle that intersects the circumferential direction of the outer ring 2 may be used. Three or more types of grooves having different inclination directions can be formed by setting the inclination angles of the grooves 41 and 42 to various angles. Of course, it is also possible to form only one type of groove having the same longitudinal direction.
[0038]
In addition, the cross-sectional shape of the oil retaining grooves 41 and 42 and the allowable conditions and preferred conditions for the size thereof are not particularly different from those of the oil retaining grooves 4 in the first embodiment.
[0039]
As for the method of manufacturing the shell-shaped outer ring 2 and the method of forming the oil retaining grooves 41 and 42, as in the first embodiment, the outer ring 2 is manufactured by processing steps including bending and drawing. The Further, the oil retaining grooves 41 and 42 are formed by transfer of streak-shaped convex portions provided on the inner peripheral surface of the female mold for drawing when the material of the outer ring 2 is drawn.
[0040]
The drawing process is usually performed over a plurality of stages, such as a rough drawing and a finish drawing, so that two types of grooves 41 and 42 having different inclination directions are formed using the plurality of stages of drawing. That is, one kind of groove 41 (42) having the same inclination direction is formed by transfer at the rough drawing stage, and the other groove 42 (41) having a different inclination direction is formed by transfer at the next drawing stage. Is done.
[0041]
In the shell needle roller bearing 12 having the above configuration, the lubricating oil is held in the oil holding grooves 41 and 42 as in the case of the shell needle roller bearing 1 of the first embodiment. In this case, an oil film is formed around the grooves 41 and 42, and the presence of this oil film prevents the occurrence of damage such as seizure or wear. Moreover, since the directions of the grooves 41 and 42 intersect with the circumferential direction of the outer ring 2, the lubricating oil held in the grooves 41 and 42 is scraped or pushed out by a member that is in rolling contact with the outer ring 2. The oil film forming effect is maintained for a long time.
[0042]
Further, in the shell needle roller bearing 12 of the second embodiment, each of the oil retaining grooves 41 and 42 provided in an inclined state with respect to the axial direction causes the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 2 to have a wide angular range. Therefore, an oil film is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 2 around the grooves 41 and 42, and compared with the case where the grooves 4 are formed in parallel to the axial direction. The oil film covers the entire circumference of the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring, and the oil film is less likely to be interrupted at various locations in the circumferential direction.
[0043]
[Third Embodiment]
FIG. 5 is a side view of a shell needle roller bearing according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In the shell needle roller bearing 13 of this embodiment, a spiral oil retaining groove 43 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 2 a of the outer ring 2. The groove 43 uses, for example, a mold having a convex portion corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the groove 43 on the inner peripheral surface of a hole having an inner diameter that matches the outer diameter of the outer ring 2, and the outer ring 2 is inserted into the hole of the mold. It is formed by passing the material to be twisted.
[0044]
Since this groove 43 covers the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 2 in a wide angular range, the oil film extends over the entire circumference of the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring as compared with the case where the groove 4 is formed parallel to the axial direction. It is the same as in the second embodiment that there are few interruptions in various directions.
[0045]
[Fourth Embodiment]
4th Embodiment illustrates the usage type of the shell type needle roller bearing 1 of 1st Embodiment, FIG. 6 is a vertical side view of the rocker arm as a cam follower including the said shell type needle roller bearing 1, 7 is a plan view of the rocker arm of FIG.
[0046]
In these drawings, reference numeral 30 indicates the entire rocker arm, 31 is a cam, 32 is a lash adjuster serving as a tilting support portion, and 33 is a valve.
[0047]
The rocker arm 30 is an end pivot type and includes a pair of side walls 34 and 35 facing each other. A pivot portion 36 that is fitted to the upper end portion of the lash adjuster 32 is provided between one end portions in the longitudinal direction of the pair of side walls 34 and 35, and a valve mechanism that is in contact with the valve 33 is disposed between the other end portions in the longitudinal direction. A joint portion 37 is provided.
[0048]
A support shaft 38 is provided between the longitudinal intermediate portions of the side walls 34 and 35 of the rocker arm 30. The support shaft 38 is rotatably supported on the outer periphery of the support shaft 38 as a rotating body that contacts the cam 31. A shell needle roller bearing 1 according to one embodiment is provided. Therefore, the shell needle roller bearing 1 is an outer ring rotating type bearing having the support shaft 38 as an inner ring, and the cam 31 is in rolling contact with the outer peripheral surface of the shell type outer ring 2.
[0049]
Since the oil retaining groove 4 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the shell-shaped outer ring 2, the contact area between the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 2 and the lubricating oil is widened, and an oil film is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 2. It is formed. The presence of the oil film prevents the occurrence of damage such as seizure or wear.
[0050]
The rocker arm 30 configured as described above can be reduced in size and weight by using the shell needle roller bearing 1 as a rotating body that abuts the cam 31. It goes without saying that the shell-shaped needle roller bearing 12 of the second embodiment can be used for the rocker arm 30.
[0051]
[Other Embodiments]
In the first and second embodiments, a full-roller and open-type shell needle roller bearing is shown, but the present invention is also applicable to a shell needle roller bearing with a cage. Further, the present invention is applied to a one-end sealed shell needle roller bearing, and the shell needle roller bearing is a cam follower that supports a rotating body with a cantilever shaft like a stud type cam follower. Alternatively, it may be incorporated as a rotating body that contacts the cam.
[0052]
The rollers disposed on the inner periphery of the shell-shaped outer ring are not limited to needle rollers, and may be cylindrical rollers.
[0053]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, the groove is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring, so that the contact area with the lubricating oil is increased, and an oil film is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring. For this reason, even if other rotating members such as cams frequently come into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring, excessive friction does not occur, and damage such as seizure and wear is prevented. Can be used without hindrance.
[0054]
Further, since the oil retaining groove intersects with the circumferential direction of the outer ring, the lubricating oil retained in the groove may be scraped or pushed out by the rotating member that is in rolling contact with the outer ring. No oil film forming effect is maintained for a long time.
[0055]
Since the oil retaining groove is formed by transfer from the drawing female die, the oil retaining groove is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring simultaneously with the drawing of the outer ring material. A part of the conventional outer ring manufacturing process can be used as it is, and it is not necessary to add a new process, which is advantageous in terms of cost.
[0056]
When the shell-type roller bearing of the present invention is used for a cam follower as a rotating body that comes into contact with a cam, it is useful for reducing the size and weight of the cam follower.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of a half portion of a shell needle roller bearing according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a part of the outer ring of the bearing of FIG.
3 is an explanatory view showing a process of manufacturing the outer ring of the bearing of FIG. 1. FIG.
FIG. 4 is a side view of a half portion of a shell needle roller bearing according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a side view of a shell needle roller bearing according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional side view of a rocker arm including a shell needle roller bearing according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
7 is a plan view of the rocker arm of FIG. 6. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Shell-shaped needle roller bearing 2 Shell-shaped outer ring 3 Needle roller 4 Oil retaining groove 30 Rocker arm

Claims (2)

シェル形の外輪を回転輪とするシェル形ころ軸受であって、
前記外輪は、絞り加工を含む加工工程により製作されるものであり、前記外輪の外周面に、前記絞り加工の際、雌金型の内周面を圧接し該雌金型の内周面に設けられた筋状の凸部を転写することにより、軸方向と平行の方向もしくは軸方向と鋭角に交差する方向に沿って油保持用の溝が複数本形成されており、前記油保持用の溝は、軸方向に対する角度により1種類もしくは複数種類あり、同一種類で周方向に隣り合う溝は、互いに平行に形成されているシェル形ころ軸受。
A shell-type roller bearing having a shell-shaped outer ring as a rotating ring,
The outer ring is manufactured by a processing process including drawing, and the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring is pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the female mold during the drawing process. A plurality of oil retaining grooves are formed along the direction parallel to the axial direction or in the direction intersecting the axial direction at an acute angle by transferring the streak-shaped convex portions provided , There are one type or a plurality of types of grooves depending on the angle with respect to the axial direction, and the same type of circumferentially adjacent grooves are formed in parallel with each other .
一対の側壁を有する胴体と、前記一対の側壁間には架設される支軸と、この支軸の外周に回転自在に支持され、かつ外周面にカムが当接される回転体とを含み、
前記回転体が、請求項1に記載のシェル形ころ軸受とされているカムフォロア。
A fuselage having a pair of side walls; a support shaft installed between the pair of side walls; and a rotating body rotatably supported on the outer periphery of the support shaft and having a cam abutting on the outer peripheral surface;
A cam follower in which the rotating body is the shell roller bearing according to claim 1 .
JP2002276711A 2002-09-24 2002-09-24 Shell-type roller bearing and cam follower using the same Expired - Fee Related JP4055530B2 (en)

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