JP2004009044A - Oil absorbing and decomposing composition - Google Patents

Oil absorbing and decomposing composition Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004009044A
JP2004009044A JP2002203274A JP2002203274A JP2004009044A JP 2004009044 A JP2004009044 A JP 2004009044A JP 2002203274 A JP2002203274 A JP 2002203274A JP 2002203274 A JP2002203274 A JP 2002203274A JP 2004009044 A JP2004009044 A JP 2004009044A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
oil
species
bacteria
absorbing
composition
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
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JP2002203274A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Masaji Watanabe
渡邊 政次
Seiji Aotani
青谷 征二
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EKOMATETSUKU KENKYUSHO KK
TAKAHASHI MIKIYA
Original Assignee
EKOMATETSUKU KENKYUSHO KK
TAKAHASHI MIKIYA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to JP2002203274A priority Critical patent/JP2004009044A/en
Publication of JP2004009044A publication Critical patent/JP2004009044A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an environmentally friendly oil absorbing and decomposing composition which absorbs a recovered oil in a high absorptivity at a low cost, safely decomposes it, and enables it to be recycled without subjecting the recovered oil to incineration or disposal. <P>SOLUTION: A mineral oil, an animal oil, a vegetable oil or the like leaked out or flowed out is irreversibly absorbed by a cellulosic natural fibrous material having a high oil absorbency and is subjected to efficient and natural decomposition and extinction by microorganisms. The cellulosic fibrous material is mixed with at least one kind of bacteria of the genus Bacillus and at least one kind of bacteria of the genus Pseudomonas, giving the oil absorbing and decomposing composition which is recyclable. The composition is put in a bag made of a non-woven fabric, is caused to absorb a large amount of oil, and decomposes the oil by the action of the bacteria. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、漏出あるいは流出した石油、グリース、潤滑油、機械油、灯油等の鉱物油や、食用の動植物油、フタル酸ジオクチル等の各種合成油等を吸収し、これを細菌により分解処理する環境対応型の油吸収分解組成物に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、漏出あるいは流出した石油、グリース、潤滑油、機械油、灯油等の鉱物油や、食用の動植物油、フタル酸ジオクチル等の各種合成油等はその現場でウェス、紙類、砂等で吸収後、焼却または廃棄処分をしていた。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
漏出あるいは流出した油をウェスや紙類で吸収処理しようとすると作業能率が悪いことに加え作業者の手足や衣類が汚れ、回収したウェスを焼却処理すると排ガスによる環境汚染も発生、土壌埋設処理では土壌汚染の問題がある。砂で漏出あるいは流出した油を吸収、これを廃棄処理しようとすると風雨による飛散や土壌への浸透で環境汚染拡大の問題がある。
【0004】
このように回収された油を焼却処分や廃棄処分する方法は、環境汚染問題を発生するので好ましい処理方法とは言い難い。
【0005】
油を吸収する素材も高吸油性のものは殆ど知られておらず、高吸油性樹脂や木粉、紙粉でもせいぜい素材重量の4〜5倍の吸油率であり、吸油材料としては非効率あるいはコスト高になっている。また、高吸油性樹脂は廃棄処分において焼却処分では有害ガスを発生し、土壌埋設では非分解性のため蓄積性の産業廃棄物となる問題を有している。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
吸油した素材を廃棄処分すると環境問題を発生するため、本発明者らは廃棄処分することなく、吸収した油を分解処理し、かつ吸油性の高い素材により経済的に油を回収、分解処理することができ、さらにはリサイクル性に優れた環境適応型の吸油分解組成物を鋭意検討した。
【0007】
その結果、高吸油性樹脂よりも吸油性が大きいセルロース系天然繊維状素材により、漏出あるいは流出した鉱物油、動植物油、合成油等を不可逆的に吸油し、これを微生物的に効率的よく自然に分解消滅させる組成物を見出した。
さらに、取扱い性のよい吸油性素材によるパッケージを検討した結果、本発明に到達するに至った。即ち、本発明はセルロース系繊維状材料と、Bacillus属細菌のうちsubtils種、brevis種、licheniformis種、thuringiensis種、cereus種、tumilus種の1種もしくは複数種及び/またはPseudomonas属細菌のうちaeruginosa種、fluorescens種、putida種、syringae種、mallei種、diminuta種、vesicularis種、pickettii種の1種もしくは複数種とを混合し、不織布の袋に入れることで多量の油を吸収、これを上記細菌により分解せしめることで、リサイクル性のある油吸収分解組成物を提供するものである。
【0008】
尚、本発明のセルロース系繊維状材料と細菌混合物は吸油保持性にも優れており、水中でも油分の再放出が殆ど認められないため、油水分離材、ろ過材、水に浮いた油の処理剤としても使用可能である。
【0009】
本発明でセルロース系繊維状材料は綿、麻、草木、パルプ、アセチル化セルロース等を乾燥、繊維状に加工したものであれば何れも使用可能であり、自己の重量の3〜8倍の油を吸収することができるが、本発明者らは、ケナフ繊維の吸油性が8〜10倍と最も大きいことを見出した。
【0010】
繊維状材料の長さは1mm未満では取扱い時の発塵が激しく、また10mmを超えると繊維同士の絡み合いが大きく取扱いが不便であるので、繊維長は1〜10mmが好ましい。
【0011】
不織布の材質は通常多く市販されているポリプロピレン、ナイロン、アクリル、ポリエステル、セルロース等の他、脂肪族ポリエステル系生分解性樹脂も使用できる。
【0012】
不織布の目付け量は通常市販されている10〜200g/mであれば使用可能であるが、50〜100g/mのものが製袋時の加工性の面から好適に使用される。
【0013】
油分解菌は各種検討したところ、Bacillus属細菌のうちsubtils種、brevis種、licheniformis種、thuringiensis種、cereus種、tumilus種の1種もしくは複数種とPseudomonas属細菌のうちaeruginosa種、fluorescens種、putida種、syringae種、mallei種、diminuta種、vesicularis種、pickettii種の1種もしくは複数種が適しており、これらを混合すると分解性が増すことが判明した。
これらの菌そのものを油に散布することも考えられるが、リサイクル性が失われる。また、細菌の活性化のために窒素、リン、カリウム、マグネシウム等の油以外の栄養源を少量添加、混合するとよく、より長期間吸油剤としてリサイクル使用できる。
【0014】
混合組成物中の油分解菌のカウント数は添加時で100万個/g以上望ましくは1億個/g以上あれば好適に油分解する。
【0015】
【実施例】
次に実施例によって本発明を更に具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれら実施例に限定されるものではない。
実施例1
予め縦・横夫々20cmに裁断したユニチカ(株)製スパンボンド不織布「エルベスS0503WDO」(目付量50g/m)2枚を嵩ね合わせ、その3辺をヒートシールして袋を準備しておく。(株)島田商会取扱い4mmパスのケナフ繊維「ケナセル4F」50gに、米国インターバイオ社の油分解菌(Bacillus細菌(subtils種、brevis種、licheniformis種等の混合物)とPseudomonas属細菌(aeruginosa種、fluorescens種、putida種等の混合物)を含む混合細菌に活性化剤を添加してあるもの)を1g添加、十分混合した後、準備した前記生分解性の袋の中に入れ、袋の残りの辺をヒートシールして本発明品を製作した。
この不織布袋に機械油400g吸収させると、油を一部残して吸収するが、翌日には全量吸収、油の再放出は認められなかった。3ヶ月後には不織布の表面はサラサラしており、直接袋を持っても油分は殆ど手に付着しなかった。
さらにこの袋を再使用したところ、新たに300gの機械油を吸収した。
実施例2
実施例1のケナフと油分解菌を同じ比率で混合し、その300gを実施例1の不織布を使用し50cm角の不織布袋に封入した。この不織布袋20袋をコンクリート道路上に流出した約10mの灯油10L上に全面に敷設したところ、この灯油を速やかに吸収、流出した灯油の大半を衣服、手足を殆ど汚さずに回収できた。不織布袋の回収作業も容易であった。
実施例3
実施例1で使用の不織布の代わりに、ユニチカ(株)製生分解性不織布「テラマックG0503/WTO」(目付量50g/m)2枚を使用した他は、実施例1と同じ内容で本発明品を製作した。
この不織布袋は食用油400gを吸収させると、油を一部残して吸収するが、翌日には全量吸収、油の再放出は認められなかった。この試験体を、畑土壌中10cm下に埋設しておいたところ、ケナフ繊維はごく一部残ってはいたが、不織布の原形およびケナフ繊維中の油分は認められなかった。
【0016】
【発明の効果】
本発明により漏出、流出による鉱物油、動植物油、合成油等の回収作業を、衣服、手足を殆ど汚さず、容易に、かつ経済的に回収できる。また、回収された油類は本発明品中に含まれる細菌の働きにより、効率的かつ安全に生分解処理されるため、廃棄処分することなく、数ヶ月後には再利用できる。従って、従来のような焼却処理、埋設処理などによる二次公害の問題が回避できる。特に油吸収材としてケナフ繊維を使用したときには、多量の油を吸収処理できる。
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention absorbs leaked or spilled oil, grease, lubricating oil, machine oil, mineral oil such as kerosene, edible animal and vegetable oils, various synthetic oils such as dioctyl phthalate, etc., and decomposes them by bacteria. The present invention relates to an environment-friendly oil absorption / decomposition composition.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, leaked or spilled oil, grease, lubricating oil, mechanical oil, mineral oil such as kerosene, edible animal and vegetable oils, various synthetic oils such as dioctyl phthalate, etc. are absorbed at the site by waste, paper, sand, etc. Later, they were incinerated or disposed of.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
If you try to absorb the spilled or spilled oil with waste cloth or paper, the work efficiency is poor and the limbs and clothes of the workers become dirty, and when the collected waste cloth is incinerated, environmental pollution due to exhaust gas also occurs. There is a problem of soil contamination. Sand absorbs leaked or spilled oil, and if it is to be disposed of, there is a problem of environmental pollution spreading due to scattering by wind and rain and permeation into soil.
[0004]
The method of incinerating or disposing of the collected oil is not a preferable treatment method because it causes an environmental pollution problem.
[0005]
Very little oil-absorbing material is known to have high oil-absorbing properties, and even high-absorbent resin, wood flour, and paper powder have an oil absorption rate of at most 4 to 5 times the weight of the material, making it an inefficient oil absorbing material Or the cost is high. In addition, the high oil-absorbing resin has a problem that it emits harmful gas when incinerated during disposal, and becomes non-degradable when buried in soil, and becomes a cumulative industrial waste.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Disposal of the oil-absorbed material causes environmental problems, so the present inventors decompose the absorbed oil without disposing of it, and economically collect and decompose the oil with a highly oil-absorbing material. In addition, the present inventors have intensively studied an environment-adaptive oil-absorbing composition having excellent recyclability.
[0007]
As a result, the natural or fibrous cellulosic material having higher oil absorbency than the highly oil-absorbent resin irreversibly absorbs leaked or spilled mineral oil, animal and vegetable oil, synthetic oil, etc. And found a composition to be eliminated.
Furthermore, as a result of studying a package made of an oil-absorbing material with good handleability, the present invention has been reached. That is, the present invention relates to a cellulosic fibrous material, one or more of subtils species, brevis species, licheniformis species, thuringiensis species, cereus species, and tumilus species among Bacillus bacteria and / or aeruginosa species among Pseudomonas bacteria. , Fluorescens species, putida species, syringae species, mallei species, diminuta species, vesicularis species, pickettii species, or a mixture thereof, and a large amount of oil is absorbed by putting in a non-woven bag, which is absorbed by the bacteria. By decomposing the composition, an oil-absorbing composition having recyclability is provided.
[0008]
In addition, the cellulosic fibrous material and the bacterial mixture of the present invention are also excellent in oil-absorbing and retaining properties, and almost no re-release of oil in water is observed. Therefore, treatment of oil-water separation materials, filtration materials, and oil floating in water It can also be used as an agent.
[0009]
In the present invention, the cellulose-based fibrous material may be any one obtained by drying and fibrous processing cotton, hemp, vegetation, pulp, acetylated cellulose, etc., and an oil whose weight is 3 to 8 times its own weight. Can be absorbed, but the present inventors have found that the oil absorbency of kenaf fiber is the largest, 8 to 10 times.
[0010]
If the length of the fibrous material is less than 1 mm, dusting during handling is severe, and if it exceeds 10 mm, the fibers are entangled with each other and handling is inconvenient. Therefore, the fiber length is preferably 1 to 10 mm.
[0011]
As the material of the nonwoven fabric, an aliphatic polyester-based biodegradable resin can be used in addition to polypropylene, nylon, acryl, polyester, cellulose and the like which are generally commercially available.
[0012]
Basis weight of the nonwoven fabric is normally available if 10 to 200 g / m 2, which is commercially available, those 50 to 100 g / m 2 is preferably used from the processing of the surface at the time of bag making.
[0013]
The oil-degrading bacteria were examined variously, and among the Bacillus genus bacteria, one or more of the subtils species, brevis species, licheniformis species, thuringiensis species, cereus species, tumilus species, and Pseudomonas genus aeruginosa species, fluorescensa species, One or more of the species, syringae, mallei, diminuta, vesicularis, and pickettii are suitable, and it has been found that mixing these increases the degradability.
It is conceivable to spray these fungi themselves on oil, but the recyclability is lost. In addition, a small amount of nutrients other than oil, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium, may be added and mixed for the activation of bacteria, and can be recycled as an oil absorbent for a longer period of time.
[0014]
The oil-decomposing bacteria in the mixed composition can be suitably decomposed by oil if the count is at least 1 million / g at the time of addition, and preferably at least 100 million / g.
[0015]
【Example】
Next, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Example 1
Two spunbonded nonwoven fabrics “Elves S0503WDO” (unit weight: 50 g / m 2 ) manufactured by Unitika Ltd., which have been cut into 20 cm vertically and horizontally, are put together, and the three sides are heat-sealed to prepare a bag. . Shimada Shokai Co., Ltd. handles 4 g of kenaf fiber "Kenacell 4F" with 50 g of oil-degrading bacteria (Bacillus bacteria (mixture of subtils species, brevis species, licheniformis species, etc.) and Pseudomonas genus bacteria (aeruginosa species, 50 g). 1 g of a mixed bacterium containing a mixture of fluorescens species, putida species, etc., to which an activator has been added), and after sufficient mixing, put the mixture in the prepared biodegradable bag and place the remaining bag. The sides were heat-sealed to produce the product of the present invention.
When 400 g of mechanical oil was absorbed in this nonwoven bag, the oil was absorbed while leaving a part of the oil, but on the next day, the entire amount was absorbed and no re-release of the oil was observed. Three months later, the surface of the nonwoven fabric was smooth, and even if the bag was held directly, the oil hardly adhered to the hand.
When the bag was reused, 300 g of machine oil was newly absorbed.
Example 2
The kenaf of Example 1 and the oil-decomposing bacteria were mixed in the same ratio, and 300 g of the kenaf was sealed in a 50 cm square nonwoven bag using the nonwoven fabric of Example 1. When 20 bags of this non-woven fabric bag were laid on the entire surface of 10 L of about 10 m 2 of kerosene that flowed out onto a concrete road, the kerosene was quickly absorbed, and most of the leaked kerosene could be recovered with little contamination of clothes and limbs. . The work of collecting the nonwoven bags was also easy.
Example 3
In place of the nonwoven fabric used in Example 1, two biodegradable nonwoven fabrics “Terramac G0503 / WTO” (basis weight 50 g / m 2 ) manufactured by Unitika Ltd. were used, and the same contents as in Example 1 were used. An invention was made.
When the nonwoven fabric bag absorbs 400 g of edible oil, it absorbs a part of the oil but absorbs the entire amount and does not release the oil again on the next day. When this test body was buried 10 cm below the field soil, kenaf fiber was left partially, but the original nonwoven fabric and the oil content in the kenaf fiber were not recognized.
[0016]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, it is possible to easily and economically recover mineral oils, animal and vegetable oils, synthetic oils, and the like due to leaks and spills without substantially soiling clothes and limbs. Further, the collected oils are efficiently and safely biodegraded by the action of bacteria contained in the product of the present invention, so that they can be reused after a few months without disposal. Therefore, the problem of secondary pollution caused by the conventional incineration treatment, burial treatment and the like can be avoided. In particular, when kenaf fiber is used as the oil absorbent, a large amount of oil can be absorbed.

Claims (3)

セルロース系繊維状材料と、Bacillus属細菌のうちsubtils種、brevis種、licheniformis種、thuringiensis種、cereus種、tumilus種の1種もしくは複数種及び/またはPseudomonas属細菌のうちaeruginosa種、fluorescens種、putida種、syringae種、mallei種、diminuta種、vesicularis種、pickettii種の1種もしくは複数種とを混合したことを特徴とする油吸収分解組成物。A cellulosic fibrous material, one or more of subtils, brevis, licheniformis, thuringiensis, cereus, and tumilus species of Bacillus bacteria, and / or aeruginosa, fluorescensa species of Pseudomonas bacteria. An oil-absorbing / decomposing composition comprising a mixture of at least one of a species, syringae, mallei, diminuta, vesicularis, and pickettii. セルロース系繊維状材料がケナフである請求項1に記載の油吸収分解組成物。The oil-absorbing / decomposing composition according to claim 1, wherein the cellulosic fibrous material is kenaf. 請求項1の混合物を不織布の袋に入れた油吸収分解組成物。An oil-absorbing and decomposing composition comprising the mixture of claim 1 in a non-woven bag.
JP2002203274A 2002-06-10 2002-06-10 Oil absorbing and decomposing composition Pending JP2004009044A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007039954A (en) * 2005-08-02 2007-02-15 Asenthy:Kk Oil absorber using oil decomposing microorganism and biodegradation nonwoven fabric
CN102060350A (en) * 2010-11-18 2011-05-18 中国海洋石油总公司 Deep treatment process of oily wastewater
JP2016159284A (en) * 2015-03-05 2016-09-05 有限会社バイオフューチャー Oil adsorbent

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007039954A (en) * 2005-08-02 2007-02-15 Asenthy:Kk Oil absorber using oil decomposing microorganism and biodegradation nonwoven fabric
CN102060350A (en) * 2010-11-18 2011-05-18 中国海洋石油总公司 Deep treatment process of oily wastewater
JP2016159284A (en) * 2015-03-05 2016-09-05 有限会社バイオフューチャー Oil adsorbent

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