JP2003322604A - Method of monitoring turbidity in water and turbidity monitoring device - Google Patents
Method of monitoring turbidity in water and turbidity monitoring deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JP2003322604A JP2003322604A JP2002131313A JP2002131313A JP2003322604A JP 2003322604 A JP2003322604 A JP 2003322604A JP 2002131313 A JP2002131313 A JP 2002131313A JP 2002131313 A JP2002131313 A JP 2002131313A JP 2003322604 A JP2003322604 A JP 2003322604A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- turbidity
- water
- ultrasonic
- reflection intensity
- fine particles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Position Fixing By Use Of Radio Waves (AREA)
- Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、水中の濁り監視方
法および濁り監視装置に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a turbidity monitoring method and turbidity monitoring device in water.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】海工事などで発生する濁りが工事海域外
に流出すると、周辺環境に様々な問題が発生し、工事の
工程に影響を及ぼす場合がある。そのため、工事で発生
する濁りを計測する必要がある。従来、濁りの計測に
は、主に、（１）濁度計を用いる方法や、（２）採水し
たサンプルの濁度を測定する方法が使用されている。2. Description of the Related Art When turbidity generated during sea construction flows out of the construction area, various problems may occur in the surrounding environment, affecting the construction process. Therefore, it is necessary to measure the turbidity generated during construction. Conventionally, for the measurement of turbidity, (1) a method using a turbidimeter and (2) a method for measuring the turbidity of a sample taken are mainly used.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、
（１）、（２）の方法とも、鉛直方向や水平方向の濁度
分布を計測するのではなく、水中の１点の濁度を計測す
るため、工事海域において三次元的に分布する濁りを測
定することが不可能である。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However,
Both methods (1) and (2) do not measure the turbidity distribution in the vertical or horizontal direction, but measure the turbidity at one point in water. It is impossible to measure.
【０００４】本発明は、このような問題に鑑みてなされ
たもので、その目的とするところは、三次元的な濁りの
分布や濁り粒子の輸送量を短時間に計測し、工事で出る
濁りを詳細に管理することができる水中の濁り監視方法
および濁り監視装置を提供することにある。The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to measure the three-dimensional distribution of turbidity and the transport amount of turbid particles in a short time, and to measure the turbidity generated during construction. An object of the present invention is to provide a turbidity monitoring method and turbidity monitoring device for underwater, which can control water in detail.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】前述した目的を達成する
ための第１の発明は、超音波ドップラー流速計を移動さ
せつつ、前記超音波ドップラー流速計から発射されて水
中の微粒子で反射された超音波の反射強度および前記超
音波ドップラー流速計の位置情報を取得し、前記反射強
度と前記位置情報から、前記微粒子の三次元的な分布を
推定することを特徴とする水中の濁り監視方法である。The first invention for achieving the above-mentioned object is to move the ultrasonic Doppler velocimeter while being emitted from the ultrasonic Doppler velocimeter and reflected by fine particles in water. Obtaining the ultrasonic reflection intensity and the position information of the ultrasonic Doppler velocimeter, from the reflection intensity and the position information, a three-dimensional distribution of the fine particles is estimated by a method for monitoring turbidity in water is there.
【０００６】超音波ドップラー流速計（ＡＤＣＰ）は、
水上で移動可能な観測船等に設置される。超音波ドップ
ラー流速計は、水中に複数の超音波ビームを発信し、鉛
直方向の各層の微粒子で反射させて水深毎の流速を計測
すると同時に、反射した超音波の反射強度を水深毎に取
得する。微粒子とは、例えば、浮遊土砂等である。超音
波ドップラー流速計の超音波の周波数は、水深により変
化させる。Ultrasonic Doppler anemometry (ADCP)
It will be installed on an observation ship that can move on the water. An ultrasonic Doppler velocimeter emits multiple ultrasonic beams in water, reflects the particles in each layer in the vertical direction to measure the flow velocity at each water depth, and at the same time acquires the reflection intensity of the reflected ultrasonic waves at each water depth. . The fine particles are, for example, suspended earth and sand. The ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic Doppler anemometer is changed according to the water depth.
【０００７】さらに、観測船には、位置情報を取得する
ために、例えばＧＰＳ（汎地球測位システム）等の設備
が設置される。ＧＰＳ等で観測した水平方向の位置情報
と超音波ドップラー流速計で観測した鉛直方向の各層の
微粒子による反射波の反射強度は、コンピュータ等に送
られ、微粒子の三次元的な分布が推定される。また、超
音波ドップラー流速計で測定した流速と、推定された微
粒子の三次元的な分布等から、水中の微粒子の輸送量が
算出される。Further, equipment such as GPS (Global Positioning System) is installed on the observation ship in order to acquire position information. The horizontal position information observed by GPS etc. and the reflection intensity of the reflected wave by the particles in each layer in the vertical direction observed by the ultrasonic Doppler velocimeter are sent to a computer etc. to estimate the three-dimensional distribution of the particles. . Further, the transport amount of the fine particles in water is calculated from the flow velocity measured by the ultrasonic Doppler velocity meter, the estimated three-dimensional distribution of the fine particles, and the like.
【０００８】第１の発明では、超音波ドップラー流速計
を移動しつつ、超音波ドップラー流速計から発射されて
水中の微粒子で反射された超音波の反射強度を取得す
る。また、超音波ドップラー流速計の位置情報も取得す
る。そして、取得した反射強度と位置情報から、水中の
微粒子の三次元的な分布を推定する。さらに、超音波ド
ップラー流速計で計測された流速を用いて微粒子の輸送
量を算出することができる。In the first invention, while the ultrasonic Doppler velocimeter is moved, the reflection intensity of the ultrasonic waves emitted from the ultrasonic Doppler velocimeter and reflected by the fine particles in the water is acquired. Also, the position information of the ultrasonic Doppler velocity meter is acquired. Then, the three-dimensional distribution of fine particles in water is estimated from the acquired reflection intensity and position information. Further, the transport rate of the fine particles can be calculated using the flow velocity measured by the ultrasonic Doppler velocity meter.
【０００９】第２の発明は、超音波ドップラー流速計
と、前記超音波ドップラー流速計を移動させる移動手段
と、前記超音波ドップラー流速計の位置情報を取得する
手段と、前記超音波ドップラー流速計から発射されて水
中の微粒子で反射された超音波の反射強度と前記位置情
報から、前記微粒子の三次元的な分布を推定する手段と
を具備することを特徴とする水中の濁り監視装置であ
る。A second invention is an ultrasonic Doppler velocimeter, a moving means for moving the ultrasonic Doppler velocimeter, a means for acquiring position information of the ultrasonic Doppler velocimeter, and the ultrasonic Doppler velocimeter. A device for monitoring turbidity in water, comprising: means for estimating a three-dimensional distribution of the particles from the reflection intensity of the ultrasonic waves emitted from the object and reflected by the particles in the water and the position information. .
【００１０】移動手段には、例えば観測船を使用し、観
測船の舷側等に超音波ドップラー流速計を設置する。ま
た、超音波ドップラー流速計の水平方向の位置情報を取
得する手段として、観測船にＧＰＳ等を設置する。さら
に、水中の各層に浮遊する微粒子で反射された超音波の
反射強度と超音波ドップラー流速計の位置情報から微粒
子の三次元的な分布を推定し、超音波ドップラー流速計
で計測された流速と推定された微粒子の分布から微粒子
の輸送量を算出する手段として、コンピュータ等を用い
る。As the moving means, for example, an observation ship is used, and an ultrasonic Doppler velocimeter is installed on the side of the observation ship. Further, a GPS or the like is installed on the observation ship as a means for acquiring the horizontal position information of the ultrasonic Doppler velocity meter. Furthermore, the three-dimensional distribution of the particles is estimated from the reflection intensity of the ultrasonic waves reflected by the particles suspended in each layer of water and the position information of the ultrasonic Doppler velocimeter, and the velocity measured by the ultrasonic Doppler velocimeter is calculated. A computer or the like is used as a means for calculating the transport amount of fine particles from the estimated distribution of fine particles.
【００１１】第２の発明では、観測船等を移動させつ
つ、超音波ドップラー流速計の位置情報をＧＰＳ等で取
得する。超音波ドップラー流速計は、複数の超音波ビー
ムを発信し、水中の微粒子で反射させて流速を計測する
と同時に、水中の微粒子で反射した反射波の反射強度を
取得する。そして、超音波ドップラー流速計の位置情報
と超音波の反射強度から、コンピュータ等を用いて、微
粒子の三次元的な分布を推定する。さらに、超音波ドッ
プラー流速計で計測された流速を用いて微粒子の輸送量
を算出する。In the second aspect of the invention, the position information of the ultrasonic Doppler velocity meter is acquired by GPS or the like while moving the observation ship or the like. The ultrasonic Doppler velocimeter emits a plurality of ultrasonic beams and reflects the reflected waves by fine particles in water to measure the flow velocity, and at the same time acquires the reflection intensity of the reflected wave reflected by the fine particles in water. Then, from the position information of the ultrasonic Doppler velocimeter and the reflection intensity of the ultrasonic waves, the three-dimensional distribution of the particles is estimated using a computer or the like. Further, the transport amount of the fine particles is calculated using the flow velocity measured by the ultrasonic Doppler velocity meter.
【００１２】[0012]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、図面に基づいて、本発明の
実施の形態を詳細に説明する。図１は、濁り監視装置１
の概要図である。濁り監視装置１は、観測船３、ＡＤＣ
Ｐ（超音波ドップラー流速計）５、コンピュータ１９、
ＧＰＳ２０等で構成される。ＡＤＣＰ５は、例えば、観
測船３の舷７側等に設置される。コンピュータ１９、Ｇ
ＰＳ２０は、例えば、観測船３上に設置される。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a turbidity monitoring device 1
FIG. The turbidity monitoring device 1 includes an observation ship 3 and an ADC.
P (Ultrasonic Doppler velocity meter) 5, computer 19,
It is composed of GPS 20 and the like. The ADCP 5 is installed, for example, on the port 7 side of the observation ship 3. Computer 19, G
The PS 20 is installed on the observation ship 3, for example.
【００１３】観測船３は、ＡＤＣＰ５を任意の位置に移
動させる。図１に示すように、ＡＤＣＰ５からは、複数
本の超音波ビーム１１が水底７に向けて発射される。矢
印Ａに示す方向に発射された超音波ビーム１１は、測定
セル１３の位置に浮遊する微粒子１５で矢印Ｂの方向に
反射される。ＡＤＣＰ５は、この反射波１４のドップラ
ーシフトで、測定セル１３を含む水平面でのＡＤＣＰ５
の直下の流速２１を測定する。The observation ship 3 moves the ADCP 5 to an arbitrary position. As shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of ultrasonic beams 11 are emitted from the ADCP 5 toward the water bottom 7. The ultrasonic beam 11 emitted in the direction indicated by the arrow A is reflected in the direction indicated by the arrow B by the fine particles 15 floating at the position of the measurement cell 13. ADCP5 is the Doppler shift of this reflected wave 14, and ADCP5 on the horizontal plane including the measurement cell 13
The flow velocity 21 immediately below is measured.
【００１４】流速２１を測定すると同時に、ＡＤＣＰ５
は、超音波ビーム１１の矢印Ｂ方向の反射波１４の反射
強度を取得する。図１では、鉛直方向の１つの層の測定
セル１３のみを図示したが、ＡＤＣＰ５から発射された
超音波ビーム１１は鉛直方向の各層の測定セル１３中に
浮遊する微粒子１５で反射され、ＡＤＣＰ５は鉛直方向
の各層毎の流速２１と、反射波１４の反射強度を同時に
取得する。ＡＤＣＰ５を用いて測定された水深毎の流速
２１および反射波１４の反射強度は、コンピュータ１９
に入力される。At the same time as measuring the flow velocity 21, ADCP5
Acquires the reflection intensity of the reflected wave 14 of the ultrasonic beam 11 in the direction of arrow B. In FIG. 1, only the measurement cell 13 of one layer in the vertical direction is shown, but the ultrasonic beam 11 emitted from the ADCP 5 is reflected by the fine particles 15 suspended in the measurement cell 13 of each layer in the vertical direction, and the ADCP 5 is The flow velocity 21 for each layer in the vertical direction and the reflection intensity of the reflected wave 14 are simultaneously acquired. The flow velocity 21 and the reflection intensity of the reflected wave 14 for each water depth measured using ADCP5 are calculated by the computer 19
Entered in.
【００１５】観測船３に設置されたＧＰＳ２０は、ＡＤ
ＣＰ５の位置情報を取得する。濁り監視装置１では、濁
り全体の分布を網羅できるように、濁り発生源を中心に
経過時間ごとに観測船３の航行範囲を広げながら、ＡＤ
ＣＰ５による流速２１と反射波１４の反射強度の観測
と、ＧＰＳ２０によるＡＤＣＰ５の位置の観測とが行わ
れる。ＧＰＳ２０を用いて取得されたＡＤＣＰ５の位置
情報は、コンピュータ１９に入力され、表示画面に表示
される。The GPS 20 installed on the observation ship 3 uses AD
The position information of CP5 is acquired. The turbidity monitoring device 1 expands the navigation range of the observation ship 3 at each elapsed time centering on the turbidity source so as to cover the entire turbidity distribution.
Observation of the flow velocity 21 and the reflection intensity of the reflected wave 14 by CP5 and observation of the position of ADCP5 by GPS20 are performed. The positional information of ADCP5 acquired using GPS20 is input into the computer 19 and displayed on the display screen.
【００１６】図２は、ＧＰＳ２０で観測された観測船３
の軌跡２５、すなわちＡＤＣＰ５の位置情報を示す図で
ある。図２では、例えば、横軸が東西方向の位置を、縦
軸が南北方向の位置を示す。観測船３の軌跡２５に示す
曲線から枝分かれした複数の直線３１は、枝分かれ位置
においてＡＤＣＰ５で測定された、水中９の所定の層で
の流速２１と流向を示す。FIG. 2 shows the observation ship 3 observed by GPS20.
It is a figure which shows the locus 25 of, ie, the positional information on ADCP5. In FIG. 2, for example, the horizontal axis indicates the position in the east-west direction, and the vertical axis indicates the position in the north-south direction. A plurality of straight lines 31 branched from the curve indicated by the locus 25 of the observation ship 3 indicate the flow velocity 21 and the flow direction in a predetermined layer of the water 9 measured by the ADCP 5 at the branch position.
【００１７】図２に示す例では、投入地点２７から水中
に投入された土砂等の濁り２９ａが、時間の経過ととも
に南西方向の流れで濁り２９ｂ、２９ｃ、２９ｄ、２９
ｅに示す位置に運ばれる。観測船３の軌跡２５は、海上
の観測船３が待機位置２３から矢印Ｃに示す方向に移動
を開始し、その後、濁り２９ａ、２９ｂ、２９ｃ、２９
ｄ、２９ｅ上を往復しながら通過したことを示す。In the example shown in FIG. 2, the turbidity 29a of earth and sand or the like thrown into the water from the throwing point 27 becomes turbid with the flow in the southwest direction with the passage of time 29b, 29c, 29d, 29.
It is carried to the position shown in e. The locus 25 of the observation ship 3 starts to move from the standby position 23 in the direction indicated by the arrow C to the observation ship 3 on the sea, and then becomes cloudy 29a, 29b, 29c, 29.
It shows that the vehicle passed through d and 29e while reciprocating.
【００１８】図３は、観測船３の軌跡２５に示す位置お
よび時刻での超音波反射強度を示す図である。横軸は時
刻を、縦軸は水深を示す。横軸に示す時刻は、図２に示
す観測船３の軌跡２５、すなわちＡＤＣＰ５での反射強
度の測定位置に対応し、観測船３の走行中には距離に換
算可能である。例えば、図３の待機中３３に示す時間帯
には、観測船３は図２に示す待機位置２３で待機中であ
る。また、図３の走行中３５ａ、３５ｂ、３５ｃ、３５
ｄ、３５ｅに示す時間帯には、観測船３は図２に示す濁
り２９ａ、２９ｂ、２９ｃ、２９ｄ、２９ｅのある海上
を横切って走行中である。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the ultrasonic reflection intensity at the position and time indicated by the trajectory 25 of the observation ship 3. The horizontal axis represents time and the vertical axis represents water depth. The time shown on the horizontal axis corresponds to the locus 25 of the observation ship 3 shown in FIG. 2, that is, the measurement position of the reflection intensity at the ADCP 5, and can be converted into a distance while the observation ship 3 is traveling. For example, in the time zone indicated by the waiting state 33 in FIG. 3, the observation ship 3 is on standby at the waiting position 23 shown in FIG. In addition, while running 35a, 35b, 35c, 35 of FIG.
During the time zones indicated by d and 35e, the observation ship 3 is traveling across the sea with the turbidities 29a, 29b, 29c, 29d and 29e shown in FIG.
【００１９】凡例３６は、超音波反射強度と図３中の表
示パターンの対応関係を示す。ＡＤＣＰ５で取得された
超音波反射強度と、ＧＰＳ２０で取得された位置情報を
入力されたコンピュータ１９は、観測船３の軌跡２５に
示す位置および時刻での水中９の反射波１４の反射強度
を、凡例３６に示すような表示パターンを用いて、表示
画面に表示させる。Legend 36 shows the correspondence between the ultrasonic wave reflection intensity and the display pattern in FIG. The computer 19 to which the ultrasonic wave reflection intensity acquired by ADCP5 and the position information obtained by GPS20 are input, the reflection intensity of the reflected wave 14 of the underwater 9 at the position and time indicated by the trajectory 25 of the observation ship 3 It is displayed on the display screen using the display pattern shown in the legend 36.
【００２０】図４は、採水分析で求めたＳ．Ｓ．（浮遊
粒子）濃度とＡＤＣＰ信号反射強度との関係を示す図で
ある。縦軸は採水分析で求めたＳ．Ｓ．（浮遊粒子）濃
度を、横軸はＡＤＣＰ５で観測されたＡＤＣＰ信号反射
強度を示す。点３７は、表層、中層、低層の各位置で採
取したサンプルのＳ．Ｓ．濃度と、同じ位置での超音波
反射強度とを示す。FIG. 4 shows the S. S. It is a figure which shows the relationship between (suspended particle) density | concentration and ADCP signal reflection intensity. The vertical axis represents the S.I. determined by water sampling analysis. S. The (suspended particle) concentration is shown, and the horizontal axis shows the ADCP signal reflection intensity observed in ADCP5. The point 37 is the S.E. of the sample collected at each position of the surface layer, the middle layer, and the low layer. S. The density and the ultrasonic reflection intensity at the same position are shown.
【００２１】直線３９は、点３７に示すデータの相関直
線である。表層、中層、低層のいずれにおいても、水中
９で採取したサンプルのＳ．Ｓ．濃度と、同じ位置での
超音波ビーム１１の反射波１４の反射強度との間には、
同様の相関関係が見られる。微粒子１５からの超音波反
射強度は、粒子径及び粒子間の距離（密度）が影響する
と考えられ、直線３９の関係から、コンピュータ１９等
を用いて、ＡＤＣＰ５で観測した超音波反射強度（図
３）をＳ．Ｓ．濃度に換算した推定値が求められる。The straight line 39 is a correlation straight line of the data indicated by the point 37. The S.I. of the sample collected in water 9 was used for each of the surface layer, the middle layer, and the lower layer. S. Between the density and the reflection intensity of the reflected wave 14 of the ultrasonic beam 11 at the same position,
Similar correlations are seen. It is considered that the ultrasonic wave reflection intensity from the fine particles 15 is influenced by the particle diameter and the distance (density) between particles, and from the relationship of the straight line 39, the ultrasonic wave reflection intensity observed by the ADCP 5 using the computer 19 or the like (see FIG. 3). ) To S. S. An estimated value converted into concentration is obtained.
【００２２】図５は、空港島４１とその北西に設置され
たシルトフェンス４３付近の流速と流向の分布例を示す
図、図６は、図５に示す表示範囲４５の濁り分布の予測
例を示す図である。図５に示す複数の線の長さは流速
を、向きは流向を示す。FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of distribution of flow velocity and flow direction near the airport island 41 and the silt fence 43 installed in the northwest of the island, and FIG. 6 is an example of prediction of turbidity distribution in the display range 45 shown in FIG. FIG. The lengths of the plurality of lines shown in FIG. 5 indicate the flow velocity, and the direction indicates the flow direction.
【００２３】図５に示すような流速および流向のデータ
と、ある時点での濁りの分布から、コンピュータ１９等
を用いて、土砂等の微粒子１５の輸送量が算出され、任
意の時間や水深の濁り範囲の予測が行われる。予測結果
は、図６に示すように、各濃度のＳ．Ｓ．濃度に対応す
る複数の表示パターンを用いて表示画面に表示される。From the data of flow velocity and flow direction as shown in FIG. 5 and the distribution of turbidity at a certain time, the transport amount of the fine particles 15 such as earth and sand is calculated by using the computer 19 or the like, and the transport time of any time and water depth The turbidity range is predicted. The prediction results are shown in FIG. S. It is displayed on the display screen using a plurality of display patterns corresponding to the densities.
【００２４】図５に示す流速および流向のデータには、
例えば、濁り監視装置１のＡＤＣＰ５で観測された流速
・流向や、潮汐、風、河川流入等を考慮して算出した流
速・流向が用いられる。濁りの分布のデータには、濁り
監視装置１で観測された微粒子１５の濃度分布や、土運
船から土砂が投下される時刻、位置等の情報が用いられ
る。The flow velocity and flow direction data shown in FIG.
For example, the flow velocity and flow direction observed by the ADCP 5 of the turbidity monitoring device 1 and the flow velocity and flow direction calculated in consideration of tide, wind, river inflow, and the like are used. For the turbidity distribution data, information such as the concentration distribution of the fine particles 15 observed by the turbidity monitoring apparatus 1 and the time and position at which the earth and sand are dropped from the earthmoving ship are used.
【００２５】次に、濁り監視装置１の動作について説明
する。濁り監視装置１を用いて三次元的に濁りを監視す
るには、観測船３は、図２に示すように、濁り全体の分
布を網羅できるよう、濁り発生源を中心に経過時間ごと
に航行範囲を広げながら航行する。図２に示す例では、
観測船３が待機位置２３で待機している間に、土運船等
を用いて濁り発生源となる投入地点２７から土砂等の微
粒子１５を投入した。観測船３は、周囲の水面まで濁り
が現れるまで待機を続けた後、矢印Ｃに示す方向に移動
を開始し、水中９に発生した濁り２９ａの上方の海上を
通過した。Next, the operation of the turbidity monitoring device 1 will be described. In order to monitor turbidity three-dimensionally using the turbidity monitoring device 1, as shown in FIG. 2, the observation ship 3 sails around the turbidity source at each elapsed time so that the entire turbidity distribution can be covered. Sail while expanding the range. In the example shown in FIG.
While the observation ship 3 was standing by at the standby position 23, a fine particle 15 such as earth and sand was charged from a charging point 27, which is a source of turbidity, by using a soil carrier or the like. The observation ship 3 continued to wait until turbidity appeared on the surrounding water surface, then started moving in the direction indicated by arrow C, and passed over the turbidity 29a generated in the water 9 above the sea.
【００２６】次に、観測船３は矢印Ｄに示す方向に方向
転換し、濁り２９ａが南西方向の流れで濁り２９ｂに示
す位置に運ばれるのに合わせて、濁り２９ｂの上方の海
上を通過した。さらに、観測船３は、矢印Ｅ、矢印Ｆ、
矢印Ｇに示す方向に方向転換を繰り返し、南西に運ばれ
た濁り２９ｃ、２９ｄ、２９ｅの上方の海上を通過し
た。Next, the observation ship 3 turned in the direction indicated by the arrow D, and passed over the sea above the turbidity 29b as the turbidity 29a was carried to the position indicated by the turbidity 29b by the flow in the southwest direction. . Further, the observation ship 3 has arrows E, F,
The direction was repeatedly changed in the direction indicated by the arrow G, and it passed over the sea above the turbidities 29c, 29d, and 29e carried to the southwest.
【００２７】図１に示すように、投入位置２７での土砂
投入直後から、観測船３が海上を移動を続ける間、観測
船３の舷７に設置したＡＤＣＰ５から水底７に向けて複
数の超音波ビーム１１を発射する。矢印Ａに示す方向に
発射された超音波ビーム１１は、鉛直方向の各層の測定
セル１３内に浮遊する微粒子１５により、矢印Ｂの方向
に反射される。As shown in FIG. 1, while the observation ship 3 continues to move over the sea immediately after the sediment is loaded at the loading position 27, a plurality of superconducting areas from the ADCP 5 installed on the port 7 of the observation ship 3 toward the bottom 7 of the water. The sound wave beam 11 is emitted. The ultrasonic beam 11 emitted in the direction indicated by the arrow A is reflected in the direction indicated by the arrow B by the fine particles 15 floating in the measurement cell 13 of each layer in the vertical direction.
【００２８】ＡＤＣＰ５は、矢印Ｂの方向に反射された
反射波１４のドップラーシフトで、鉛直方向の各層につ
いて、測定セル１３を含む水平面でのＡＤＣＰ５の直下
の流速２１を測定する。同時に、ＡＤＣＰ５は各層に浮
遊する微粒子１５による反射波１４の反射強度を取得す
る。そして、水深毎の流速２１および反射波１４の反射
強度の情報をコンピュータ１９に送る。ADCP5 is the Doppler shift of the reflected wave 14 reflected in the direction of arrow B, and for each layer in the vertical direction, the flow velocity 21 immediately below ADCP5 in the horizontal plane including the measurement cell 13 is measured. At the same time, the ADCP 5 acquires the reflection intensity of the reflected wave 14 due to the fine particles 15 floating in each layer. Then, information on the flow velocity 21 and the reflection intensity of the reflected wave 14 for each water depth is sent to the computer 19.
【００２９】濁り監視装置１は、ＡＤＣＰ５で水深毎の
流速２１と反射波１４の反射強度を測定すると同時に、
観測船３上に設置されたＧＰＳ２０で観測船３の移動の
軌跡、すなわちＡＤＣＰ５の位置情報を取得して、位置
情報のデータをコンピュータ１９に送る。The turbidity monitoring device 1 measures the flow velocity 21 and the reflection intensity of the reflected wave 14 at each water depth with the ADCP 5, and at the same time,
The GPS 20 installed on the observation ship 3 acquires the locus of movement of the observation ship 3, that is, the position information of the ADCP 5, and sends the position information data to the computer 19.
【００３０】コンピュータ１９は、入力された位置情報
に基づいて、図２に示すように、観測船３の軌跡２５を
表示画面に表示する。図２に示すように、表示画面に、
ＡＤＣＰ５から入力された流速２１等のデータを直線３
１を用いて同時に表示してもよい。観測船３の軌跡２５
は、ＡＤＣＰ５の水平方向の測定位置を示す。観測船３
の軌跡２５から枝分かれした直線３１の長さは、枝分か
れ位置での水中９の流速２１を示し、直線３１の向き
は、枝分かれ位置での流向を示す。The computer 19 displays the trajectory 25 of the observation ship 3 on the display screen, as shown in FIG. 2, based on the input position information. As shown in FIG. 2, on the display screen,
The data such as the flow velocity 21 input from ADCP5 is converted into a straight line 3
You may display simultaneously using 1. Track 25 of observation ship 3
Indicates the horizontal measurement position of ADCP5. Observation ship 3
The length of the straight line 31 branched from the locus 25 of 3 indicates the flow velocity 21 of the water 9 at the branch position, and the direction of the straight line 31 indicates the flow direction at the branch position.
【００３１】図２に示すようなＡＤＣＰ５の位置情報、
および、超音波ビーム１１の反射波１４の反射強度を取
得した後、コンピュータ１９は、反射波１４の反射強度
とその測定位置との関係を整理し、図３に示すようなグ
ラフを表示画面に表示する。Position information of ADCP5 as shown in FIG.
Then, after acquiring the reflection intensity of the reflected wave 14 of the ultrasonic beam 11, the computer 19 sorts out the relationship between the reflection intensity of the reflected wave 14 and its measurement position, and displays a graph as shown in FIG. 3 on the display screen. indicate.
【００３２】図３に示す例では、待機中３３の後半以降
の時間帯に、超音波反射強度の高い部分３４が観測され
た。これは、投入地点２７で土砂が投入された後、投入
地点２７から待機位置２３に向かって水底１７を這うよ
うに動いてきた濁りを捉えている。また、高い超音波反
射強度が観測された走行中３５ａ、３５ｂ、３５ｃ、３
５ｄ、３５ｅの時間帯には、観測船３は図２に示す濁り
２９ａ、２９ｂ、２９ｃ、２９ｄ、２９ｅの上を走行し
ていた。In the example shown in FIG. 3, a portion 34 having a high ultrasonic reflection intensity was observed in the time zone after the latter half of the waiting 33. This captures the turbidity that has moved from the input point 27 to the standby position 23 and crawling on the water bottom 17 after the earth and sand have been input at the input point 27. In addition, during running 35a, 35b, 35c, 3 where high ultrasonic reflection intensity was observed.
During the time periods of 5d and 35e, the observation ship 3 was traveling over the turbidities 29a, 29b, 29c, 29d and 29e shown in FIG.
【００３３】図３から、超音波反射強度の高い部分が濁
りの存在する位置に対応すると考えられる。また、最初
に発生した強い濁り２９ａは、時間が経過して、濁り２
９ｂ、２９ｃ、２９ｄ、２９ｅの位置に移動するにつれ
て薄まっていくことがわかる。さらに、水深の浅い水表
面から見える濁りの範囲より、水深の深い部分の方がよ
り広い範囲に濁りが広がっていることがわかる。From FIG. 3, it is considered that the portion having high ultrasonic reflection intensity corresponds to the position where turbidity exists. In addition, the strong turbidity 29a generated first becomes turbidity 2 as time passes.
It can be seen that as it moves to the positions of 9b, 29c, 29d, and 29e, it becomes thinner. Furthermore, it can be seen that the turbidity spreads to a wider area in the deep water portion than in the turbidity area seen from the shallow water surface.
【００３４】コンピュータ１９は、図４に示すような、
Ｓ．Ｓ．濃度とＡＤＣＰ信号反射強度との相関から、反
射波１４の反射強度をＳ．Ｓ．濃度に換算する。ＡＤＣ
Ｐ５は、観測船３で水平方向に移動しながら鉛直方向の
各層における反射強度を取得しているため、三次元的な
濃度分布が推定される。The computer 19, as shown in FIG.
S. S. From the correlation between the density and the ADCP signal reflection intensity, the reflection intensity of the reflected wave 14 is S. S. Convert to concentration. ADC
Since P5 acquires the reflection intensity in each layer in the vertical direction while moving in the horizontal direction on the observation ship 3, a three-dimensional concentration distribution is estimated.
【００３５】さらに、コンピュータ１９は、ＡＤＣＰ５
で測定した流速２１等、または、潮汐、風、河川流入等
の条件を考慮して算出した流速と流向の分布を用いて、
必要に応じて、図５に示すような画面を表示画面に表示
する。また、流速および流向と、ＡＤＣＰ５で観測した
ある時点での濁りの分布や、土砂を投入する位置等の濁
りについての情報から、土砂等の微粒子１５の輸送量を
算出し、任意の時間や水深の濁り範囲の予測を行い、図
６に示すような表示パターンを用いて表示画面に表示す
る。Further, the computer 19 uses the ADCP5
Using the distribution of flow velocity and flow direction calculated in consideration of conditions such as tidal, wind, river inflow, etc.
A screen as shown in FIG. 5 is displayed on the display screen as needed. In addition, the transport amount of the fine particles 15 such as sediment is calculated from the flow velocity and flow direction, and the turbidity distribution at a certain time observed by ADCP5 and the turbidity such as the position at which the sediment is put, and the transport amount of the fine particles 15 such as sediment is calculated at any time and water depth. The turbidity range of No. 1 is predicted and displayed on the display screen using the display pattern as shown in FIG.
【００３６】濁りの分布を予測する対象範囲および対象
時刻は、任意に設定できる。必要に応じて、濁り分布の
経時変化の予測結果を、図６に示すような表示パターン
を用いて連続して表示してもよい。The target range and target time for predicting the turbidity distribution can be set arbitrarily. If necessary, the prediction result of the change with time of the turbidity distribution may be continuously displayed using a display pattern as shown in FIG.
【００３７】このように、本実施の形態では、ＡＤＣＰ
５を取り付けた観測船３を水平方向に移動させつつ、濁
度の基となる微粒子１５からの超音波反射強度を連続観
測する。ＡＤＣＰ５が、水平方向に移動しつつ、鉛直方
向の各層の超音波反射強度を同時に測定するため、三次
元的な濁りの濃度分布を短時間に計測することができ
る。また、ＡＤＣＰ５で計測した流速２１を用いて微粒
子１５の輸送量を算出して濃度分布を予測し、工事で出
る濁りを高度に管理することができる。As described above, in the present embodiment, ADCP is used.
The ultrasonic reflection intensity from the fine particles 15, which is the basis of the turbidity, is continuously observed while moving the observation ship 3 equipped with 5 in the horizontal direction. Since the ADCP 5 moves in the horizontal direction and simultaneously measures the ultrasonic reflection intensity of each layer in the vertical direction, it is possible to measure the three-dimensional turbidity concentration distribution in a short time. In addition, the flow rate 21 measured by ADCP5 is used to calculate the transport amount of the fine particles 15 to predict the concentration distribution, and turbidity generated during construction can be highly controlled.
【００３８】なお、図１では、観測船３の舷７にＡＤＣ
Ｐ５を設置したが、ＡＤＣＰ５の設置位置はこれに限ら
ず、船底に設置したり、海面を曳航してもよい。また、
コンピュータ１９の設置位置は観測船３上に限らず、Ｇ
ＰＳ２０やＡＤＣＰ５からのデータを受信できる他の場
所に設置してもよい。Incidentally, in FIG. 1, the ADC is provided on the port 7 of the observation ship 3.
Although P5 is installed, the installation position of ADCP5 is not limited to this, and it may be installed at the bottom of the ship or towed on the sea surface. Also,
The installation position of the computer 19 is not limited to the observation ship 3
You may install in the other place which can receive the data from PS20 and ADCP5.
【００３９】ＡＤＣＰ５で取得される反射波１４の反射
強度は、薄い濁りに敏感に反応する傾向があり、定量的
な濁度の把握には、濁度計を併用することが望ましい。The reflection intensity of the reflected wave 14 obtained by the ADCP 5 tends to be sensitive to thin turbidity, and it is desirable to use a turbidimeter together for quantitative grasp of turbidity.
【００４０】[0040]
【発明の効果】以上、詳細に説明したように、本発明に
よれば、三次元的な濁りの分布や濁り粒子の輸送量を短
時間に計測し、工事で出る濁りを詳細に管理することが
できる水中の濁り監視方法および濁り監視装置を提供で
きる。As described above in detail, according to the present invention, the three-dimensional distribution of turbidity and the transport amount of turbid particles are measured in a short time, and the turbidity generated during construction is managed in detail. It is possible to provide a turbidity monitoring method and a turbidity monitoring device in water.
【図１】濁り監視装置１の概要図FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a turbidity monitoring device 1.
【図２】ＧＰＳ２０で観測された観測船３の軌跡２５、
すなわちＡＤＣＰ５の位置情報を示す図FIG. 2 is a trajectory 25 of the observation ship 3 observed by the GPS 20,
That is, a diagram showing the position information of ADCP5
【図３】観測船３の軌跡２５に示す位置および時刻での
超音波反射強度を示す図FIG. 3 is a diagram showing ultrasonic wave reflection intensity at a position and time indicated by a locus 25 of the observation ship 3.
【図４】採水分析で求めたＳ．Ｓ．（浮遊粒子）濃度と
ＡＤＣＰ信号反射強度との関係を示す図FIG. 4 shows the S. S. The figure which shows the relationship between (suspended particle) concentration and ADCP signal reflection intensity.
【図５】空港島４１とその北西に設置されたシルトフェ
ンス４３付近の流速と流向の分布例を示す図FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the distribution of the flow velocity and the flow direction near the airport island 41 and the silt fence 43 installed in the northwest of the airport island 41.
【図６】図５に示す表示範囲４５の濁り分布の予測例を
示す図6 is a diagram showing an example of prediction of turbidity distribution in the display range 45 shown in FIG.
１………濁り監視装置 ３………船 ５………ＡＤＣＰ １１………超音波ビーム １５………微粒子 １９………コンピュータ ２０………ＧＰＳ ２１………流速 ２３………観測船３の軌跡 ２９ａ、２９ｂ、２９ｃ、２９ｄ、２９ｅ………濁り 1 ... turbidity monitoring device 3 ... Ship 5 ......... ADCP 11 ………… Ultrasonic beam 15 …… ... fine particles 19 ……… Computer 20 ... GPS 21 ......... Flow velocity 23 .... Track of observation ship 3 29a, 29b, 29c, 29d, 29e ...
フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 ＦＩ テーマコート゛(参考） Ｇ０１Ｓ 15/96 Ｇ０１Ｓ 15/96 (72)発明者 中込 國喜 東京都港区元赤坂一丁目２番７号 鹿島建 設株式会社内 (72)発明者 秋山 真吾 東京都港区元赤坂一丁目２番７号 鹿島建 設株式会社内 (72)発明者 田中 昌宏 東京都港区元赤坂一丁目２番７号 鹿島建 設株式会社内 (72)発明者 池谷 毅 東京都港区元赤坂一丁目２番７号 鹿島建 設株式会社内 Ｆターム(参考） 2G047 AA02 BA03 BC03 BC05 GA19 GH09 GJ02 5J062 AA01 BB08 CC07 HH01 5J083 AA02 AB20 AC02 AC28 AD01 AE10 AF16 BE38 EA18 Front page continuation (51) Int.Cl. 7 identification code FI theme code (reference) G01S 15/96 G01S 15/96 (72) Inventor Kuniyoshi Nakagome 1-2-7 Moto-Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo Kashima Ken Incorporated Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Shingo Akiyama 1-2-7 Moto-Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo Kashima Construction In-corporation (72) Inventor Masahiro Tanaka 1-2-7 Moto-Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo Kashima Ken Incorporated Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Takeshi Iketani 1-2-7 Moto-Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo Kashima Construction Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 2G047 AA02 BA03 BC03 BC05 GA19 GH09 GJ02 5J062 AA01 BB08 CC07 HH01 5J083 AA02 AB20 AC02 AC28 AD01 AE10 AF16 BE38 EA18
Claims (4)
つ、前記超音波ドップラー流速計から発射されて水中の
微粒子で反射された超音波の反射強度および前記超音波
ドップラー流速計の位置情報を取得し、 前記反射強度と前記位置情報から、前記微粒子の三次元
的な分布を推定することを特徴とする水中の濁り監視方
法。1. While moving the ultrasonic Doppler velocimeter, the reflection intensity of ultrasonic waves emitted from the ultrasonic Doppler velocimeter and reflected by fine particles in water and position information of the ultrasonic Doppler velocimeter are acquired. A method for monitoring turbidity in water, comprising estimating a three-dimensional distribution of the fine particles from the reflection intensity and the position information.
た流速を用いて前記微粒子の輸送量を算出することを特
徴とする請求項１記載の水中の濁り監視方法。2. The method for monitoring turbidity in water according to claim 1, wherein the transport amount of the fine particles is calculated by using a flow velocity measured by the ultrasonic Doppler velocity meter.
と、 前記超音波ドップラー流速計から発射されて水中の微粒
子で反射された超音波の反射強度と前記位置情報から、
前記微粒子の三次元的な分布を推定する手段と、を具備
することを特徴とする水中の濁り監視装置。3. An ultrasonic Doppler velocimeter, moving means for moving the ultrasonic Doppler velocimeter, means for acquiring position information of the ultrasonic Doppler velocimeter, and being emitted from the ultrasonic Doppler velocimeter. From the reflection intensity of the ultrasonic waves reflected by the fine particles in the water and the position information,
Means for estimating the three-dimensional distribution of the fine particles, and a device for monitoring turbidity in water.
た流速を用いて前記微粒子の輸送量を算出する手段をさ
らに具備することを特徴とする請求項３記載の水中の濁
り監視装置。4. The underwater turbidity monitoring apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising means for calculating a transport amount of the fine particles by using a flow velocity measured by the ultrasonic Doppler velocity meter.
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| JP2002131313A JP2003322604A (en) | 2002-05-07 | 2002-05-07 | Method of monitoring turbidity in water and turbidity monitoring device |
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| JP2002131313A JP2003322604A (en) | 2002-05-07 | 2002-05-07 | Method of monitoring turbidity in water and turbidity monitoring device |
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| JP2003322604A true JP2003322604A (en) | 2003-11-14 |
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| JP2006226904A (en) * | 2005-02-18 | 2006-08-31 | Water Resources Environment Technology Center | Acoustic concentration measuring device for suspended solids |
| JP2007513341A (en) * | 2003-11-24 | 2007-05-24 | エムジーディー・テクノロジーズ，インコーポレイテッド | Apparatus and method for analyzing fluid motion and fluid component |
| JP2012047664A (en) * | 2010-08-30 | 2012-03-08 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Method for measuring insoluble substance concentration of liquid by ultrasonic wave |
| CN102673744A (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2012-09-19 | 杨卓 | Hydrology remote control power-driven ship |
| CN102785763A (en) * | 2011-05-20 | 2012-11-21 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | ADCP (Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler) installation system applied to floating platform |
| CN106525961A (en) * | 2016-11-03 | 2017-03-22 | 中国海洋大学 | Method for detecting water turbidity through ultrasonic wave |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2007513341A (en) * | 2003-11-24 | 2007-05-24 | エムジーディー・テクノロジーズ，インコーポレイテッド | Apparatus and method for analyzing fluid motion and fluid component |
| JP2006226904A (en) * | 2005-02-18 | 2006-08-31 | Water Resources Environment Technology Center | Acoustic concentration measuring device for suspended solids |
| JP2012047664A (en) * | 2010-08-30 | 2012-03-08 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Method for measuring insoluble substance concentration of liquid by ultrasonic wave |
| CN102785763B (en) * | 2011-05-20 | 2014-12-10 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | ADCP (Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler) installation system applied to floating platform |
| CN102785763A (en) * | 2011-05-20 | 2012-11-21 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | ADCP (Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler) installation system applied to floating platform |
| CN102673744B (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2015-03-11 | 杨卓 | Hydrology remote control power-driven ship |
| CN102673744A (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2012-09-19 | 杨卓 | Hydrology remote control power-driven ship |
| CN107110761A (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2017-08-29 | 细胞动力学责任有限公司 | The device of the particle suspended in real time in analysis fluid and the method for analyzing the particle |
| CN106525961A (en) * | 2016-11-03 | 2017-03-22 | 中国海洋大学 | Method for detecting water turbidity through ultrasonic wave |
| CN114459732A (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2022-05-10 | 自然资源部第一海洋研究所 | Comprehensive observation device for tidal flat water and sand power environment |
| CN114459732B (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2022-06-28 | 自然资源部第一海洋研究所 | Comprehensive observation device for tidal flat water and sand power environment |
| CN115655994A (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2023-01-31 | 浙江天禹信息科技有限公司 | Ultrasonic measurement method and system for silt in water area |
| CN115655994B (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2023-09-19 | 浙江天禹信息科技有限公司 | Ultrasonic measurement method and system for sediment in water area |
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