JP2003146554A - Multi-stage hydraulic shock absorber - Google Patents

Multi-stage hydraulic shock absorber

Info

Publication number
JP2003146554A
JP2003146554A JP2001339438A JP2001339438A JP2003146554A JP 2003146554 A JP2003146554 A JP 2003146554A JP 2001339438 A JP2001339438 A JP 2001339438A JP 2001339438 A JP2001339438 A JP 2001339438A JP 2003146554 A JP2003146554 A JP 2003146554A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
cylindrical
plunger
constituent member
hydraulic oil
cylindrical plunger
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP2001339438A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP3795792B2 (en
Inventor
Shin Cho
森 趙
Hiroshi Kikawa
弘 木川
Seiji Watanabe
誠治 渡辺
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Electric Corp filed Critical Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority to JP2001339438A priority Critical patent/JP3795792B2/en
Publication of JP2003146554A publication Critical patent/JP2003146554A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3795792B2 publication Critical patent/JP3795792B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/28—Buffer-stops for cars, cages, or skips
    • B66B5/282—Structure thereof

Landscapes

  • Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
  • Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a small type of multi-stage hydraulic shock absorber easy to control an orifice for every plunger constituting member of each stage, excellent in buffering efficiency, and easy to design. SOLUTION: This multi-stage hydraulic shock absorber comprises a base cylinder filled with an operating oil, a plunger composed of a plurality of cylindrical plunger constituting members inserted into the base cylinder with sequentially smaller diameters and slidably fitted in a shaft direction. At first the cylindrical plunger constituting member with a largest diameter is inserted into the base cylinder, and sequentially a next cylindrical plunger constituting member is inserted into a previously inserted cylindrical plunger constituting member. In order to receive an hydraulic pressure resistance of the operation oil, each time the cylindrical plunger is inserted, the device is provided with an integrating means, so that neighboring cylindrical plunger constituting members are temporarily fixed to each other so as not to be slidable and that when one of the temporarily fixed cylindrical plunger constituting members is inserted, temporary fixation is released.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【０００１】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、作動油が充填され
たベースシリンダと、当該ベースシリンダに対して順次
小径に形成された複数の筒状プランジャ構成部材が軸方
向に同軸にて摺動可能に嵌合されたプランジャとを備え
た多段油圧緩衝装置、例えば、エレベータの昇降路床部
（ピット）に立設されるエレベータ用の多段油圧緩衝装
置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a base cylinder filled with hydraulic oil, and a plurality of cylindrical plunger constituent members which are successively formed with a smaller diameter with respect to the base cylinder and which can slide coaxially in the axial direction. The present invention relates to a multi-stage hydraulic shock absorber equipped with a plunger fitted to, for example, a multi-stage hydraulic shock absorber for an elevator that is erected on a hoistway floor (pit) of the elevator.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】例えば、エレベータ用の多段油圧緩衝装
置は、エレベータかごが昇降路床部に衝突するような不
測の事態が発生した場合、エレベータかご内の乗客を安
全に保護すべく、衝撃を小さくして停止させる安全装置
として機能させるものである。この装置の設置に際して
は、昇降路の構築コストの低減、昇降路床部への装置の
搬入及び据付の作業効率の点から、床部（ピット）が浅
い昇降路で済むことが好ましい。2. Description of the Related Art For example, in a multistage hydraulic shock absorber for an elevator, when an unexpected situation occurs such that the elevator car collides with the floor of a hoistway, a shock is applied in order to safely protect passengers in the elevator car. It functions as a safety device that is made smaller and stopped. When this device is installed, it is preferable to use a hoistway having a shallow floor (pit) from the viewpoints of reduction of hoistway construction cost, work efficiency of loading the device to the hoistway floor, and installation work.

【０００３】この要望に対応した従来技術として、特開
平４−２１７５７７号公報に掲載の装置がある。以下、
これを図１２に基づいて説明する。図１２は多段油圧緩
衝装置の断面図である。図１２において、７０は昇降路
の床部（ピット）７１に設置されるベースシリンダ、７
２はベースシリンダ７０の内底部中央に立設された油圧
制御棒である。油圧制御棒７２は、その上部から下部に
向って次第に径が拡大されたテーパ形に形成された棒或
いは柱状の部材である。７３はプランジャであり、この
プランジャ７３は、前記のベースシリンダ７０に対して
中空の下半部７４が嵌合された第１のプランジャ構成部
材７５と、この第１のプランジャ構成部材７５の上端開
放側からプランジャ７３の軸方向に摺動可能に設けられ
た第２のプランジャ構成部材７６と、更に、この第２の
プランジャ構成部材７６の上端開放側からプランジャ７
３の軸方向に摺動可能に設けられた第３のプランジャ構
成部材７７とで構成されている。As a conventional technique that meets this demand, there is a device disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 217577/1992. Less than,
This will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 12 is a sectional view of the multistage hydraulic shock absorber. In FIG. 12, reference numeral 70 denotes a base cylinder, which is installed in a floor portion (pit) 71 of the hoistway, and 7
Reference numeral 2 is a hydraulic control rod that is erected at the center of the inner bottom of the base cylinder 70. The hydraulic control rod 72 is a rod or a columnar member formed in a tapered shape whose diameter gradually increases from the upper portion to the lower portion. Reference numeral 73 denotes a plunger. The plunger 73 has a first plunger component 75 in which a hollow lower half portion 74 is fitted to the base cylinder 70, and an upper end of the first plunger component 75 is opened. The second plunger constituting member 76 slidably provided in the axial direction of the plunger 73 from the side, and the plunger 7 from the upper end opening side of the second plunger constituting member 76.
3 and a third plunger constituting member 77 slidably provided in the axial direction.

【０００４】この多段油圧緩衝装置では、ベースシリン
ダ７０に進入するプランジャ７３が、第１、第２、第３
のプランジャ構成部材７５、７６、７７を備えた三段構
造となっており、作動油２が、ベースシリンダ７０の他
に、第１のプランジャ構成部材７５及び第２のプランジ
ャ構成部材７６内に封入されている。第１のプランジャ
構成部材７５の下部には、ベースシリンダ７０の空部８
１に通じる連通孔７９が穿設され、第２のプランジャ構
成部材７６の下部には第１のプランジャ構成部材７５の
空部８０に通じる連通孔７８が穿設されている。In this multi-stage hydraulic shock absorber, the plunger 73 that enters the base cylinder 70 has first, second and third plungers.
Has a three-stage structure including the plunger constituent members 75, 76, and 77, and the hydraulic oil 2 is enclosed in the first plunger constituent member 75 and the second plunger constituent member 76 in addition to the base cylinder 70. Has been done. At the lower portion of the first plunger component 75, the empty portion 8 of the base cylinder 70 is provided.
A communication hole 79 communicating with the first plunger forming member 75 is formed, and a communication hole 78 communicating with an empty portion 80 of the first plunger forming member 75 is formed in a lower portion of the second plunger forming member 76.

【０００５】今、仮に、何らかの異常によって、エレベ
ータかご（非図示）が、急降下して多段油圧緩衝装置の
プランジャの先端、即ち第３のプランジャ構成部材７７
の上端面に衝突すると、先ず、衝突された第３のプラン
ジャ構成部材７７が降下して第２のプランジャ構成部材
７６に進入すると共に、同時に、第３のプランジャ構成
部材７７の下面が第２のプランジャ構成部材７６内の作
動油２を押圧し、この作動油２が第２のプランジャ構成
部材７６の連通孔７８を通って第２のプランジャ構成部
材７５内の空部８０に噴出すると共に、第２のプランジ
ャ構成部材７６の下面に押圧力を伝える。Now, suppose that, due to some abnormality, the elevator car (not shown) suddenly descends and the tip of the plunger of the multistage hydraulic shock absorber, that is, the third plunger component member 77.
When it collides with the upper end surface of the first plunger component 77, the collided third plunger component member 77 first descends and enters the second plunger component member 76, and at the same time, the lower surface of the third plunger component member 77 becomes the second plunger component member 77. The hydraulic oil 2 in the plunger constituent member 76 is pressed, the hydraulic oil 2 is ejected through the communication hole 78 of the second plunger constituent member 76 into the void 80 in the second plunger constituent member 75, and The pressing force is transmitted to the lower surface of the second plunger constituent member 76.

【０００６】同様に、第１のプランジャ構成部材７５内
の作動油２が通路７９を通ってベースシリンダ７０内の
空部８１に噴出すると共に、第１のプランジャ構成部材
７５を押圧する。これにより、第１のプランジャ構成部
材７５（下半部７４）が押し下げられて、ベースシリン
ダ７０内の作動油２がオリフィス孔８３から第１のプラ
ンジャ構成部材７５の下半部７４の内空に流入する。Similarly, the hydraulic oil 2 in the first plunger component 75 is ejected through the passage 79 to the empty space 81 in the base cylinder 70, and presses the first plunger component 75. As a result, the first plunger constituent member 75 (lower half portion 74) is pushed down, and the hydraulic oil 2 in the base cylinder 70 is emptied from the orifice hole 83 into the inner space of the lower half portion 74 of the first plunger constituent member 75. Inflow.

【０００７】[0007]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】この従来の装置では、
第１のプランジャ構成部材７５が、後続の第２のプラン
ジャ構成部材７６を受け入れる軸方向長さを必要とする
だけでなく、進入方向側に、ベースシリンダ７０に立設
された油圧制御棒７２を受け入れるために当該油圧制御
棒７２の長さに略相応する軸方向長さの内空を備えた下
半部７４を設けねばならないため、軸方向に長い構成と
なるし、この第１のプランジャ構成部材７５の進入を受
け入れるベースシリンダ７０も、同様に軸方向に長い構
成となる。このように、装置の全長が長くなると、その
分昇降路の床部を深くしなければならず、昇降路の構築
コストが嵩むという問題があった。In this conventional device,
Not only does the first plunger component 75 need an axial length to receive the subsequent second plunger component 76, but also the hydraulic control rod 72 erected on the base cylinder 70 is provided on the approach direction side. In order to receive it, a lower half 74 with an axial length substantially corresponding to the length of the hydraulic control rod 72 must be provided, which results in an axially long construction and this first plunger construction. Similarly, the base cylinder 70 that receives the entry of the member 75 is also configured to be long in the axial direction. As described above, when the total length of the device becomes long, the floor of the hoistway must be deepened correspondingly, which causes a problem that the cost of constructing the hoistway increases.

【０００８】又、この従来の装置では、プランジャを構
成する各段のプランジャ構成部材７５、７６、７７が独
立して作用せず、各プランジャ構成部材の動作が相互に
影響し合うため、減速パターンを制御するための各段の
設計が難しいという問題があった。即ち、この従来の装
置では、一段目のプランジャ構成部材７５だけが、オリ
フィス面積により油圧を制御できるものの、二段目、三
段目のプランジャ構成部材７６、７７においては、オリ
フィス穴の面積が一定で油圧を正確に制御できない。こ
のため緩衝効率を向上させることが難しいという問題が
あった。Further, in this conventional apparatus, the plunger constituent members 75, 76, 77 of the respective stages forming the plunger do not act independently, and the motions of the plunger constituent members influence each other, so that the deceleration pattern is reduced. There is a problem that it is difficult to design each stage for controlling the. That is, in this conventional device, only the first-stage plunger constituent member 75 can control the hydraulic pressure by the orifice area, but in the second- and third-stage plunger constituent members 76 and 77, the orifice hole area is constant. Can not control hydraulic pressure accurately. Therefore, there is a problem that it is difficult to improve the buffer efficiency.

【０００９】本発明は、上記課題を解消し、プランジャ
を構成する各段のプランジャ構成部材毎のオリフィスを
制御し易く、緩衝効率に優れ、設計し易い、小型の多段
油圧緩衝装置の提供を目的とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to solve the above problems and to provide a small multi-stage hydraulic shock absorber which is easy to control the orifice of each plunger constituent member of each stage constituting the plunger, has excellent shock absorbing efficiency, and is easy to design. And

【００１０】[0010]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、作動油が充填
されたベースシリンダと、当該ベースシリンダに進入す
る順次小径に形成されて軸方向に摺動可能に嵌合された
複数の筒状プランジャ構成部材からなるプランジャとを
備えた多段油圧緩衝装置において、前記各筒状プランジ
ャ構成部材は、先ずベースシリンダに最大径の筒状プラ
ンジャ構成部材が進入し、以下、先に進入した筒状プラ
ンジャ構成部材に次の筒状プランジャ構成部材が順に進
入し、各筒状プランジャ構成部材が進入する度に作動油
の油圧抵抗を受けるように、隣合う筒状プランジャ構成
部材を互いに摺動不能に仮に固定すると共に、仮固定さ
れた一方の筒状プランジャ構成部材が進入すると仮固定
が解除される一体化手段を備えた構成とした。According to the present invention, there is provided a base cylinder filled with hydraulic oil, and a plurality of cylindrical members which are formed into successively smaller diameters and are slidably fitted in the axial direction. In the multi-stage hydraulic shock absorber including a plunger composed of a plunger constituent member, in each of the cylindrical plunger constituent members, first, the cylindrical plunger constituent member having the largest diameter enters the base cylinder, and then the cylindrical plunger constituent member that has previously entered. If the next cylindrical plunger constituent member enters the constituent member in order and receives the hydraulic resistance of the hydraulic oil each time each cylindrical plunger constituent member enters, the adjacent cylindrical plunger constituent members are temporarily made non-slidable with respect to each other. In addition to the fixing, the structure is provided with an integral means for releasing the temporary fixing when one of the temporarily fixed cylindrical plunger constituent members enters.

【００１１】又、本発明は、一体化手段は、隣合う筒状
プランジャ構成部材の摺動を阻止する施錠装置であり、
一体化された一方の筒状プランジャ構成部材が進入する
と解除手段に接触して解除される構成とした。Further, according to the present invention, the unifying means is a locking device for preventing sliding of adjacent cylindrical plunger constituent members,
When one integrated cylindrical plunger constituent member enters, it comes into contact with the canceling means and is cancelled.

【００１２】又、本発明は、筒状プランジャ構成部材
は、隣合う筒状プランジャ構成部材を仮に固定化する一
体化手段を備え、各一体化手段は、作動油の油圧回路で
構成した。Further, according to the present invention, the cylindrical plunger constituent member is provided with an integrating means for temporarily fixing the adjacent cylindrical plunger constituent members, and each integrating means is constituted by a hydraulic circuit for hydraulic oil.

【００１３】又、本発明は、各筒状プランジャ構成部材
は、筒の胴周部が筒状作動油タンクであり、先に進入す
るプランジャ構成部材の筒状作動油タンクに次の相似的
に小型のプランジャ構成部材の筒状作動油タンクを順に
進入させる構成とした。Further, according to the present invention, each cylindrical plunger constituent member is a cylindrical hydraulic oil tank having a cylinder peripheral portion, and is similar to the cylindrical hydraulic oil tank of the plunger constituent member that enters first in the following analogy. A cylindrical hydraulic oil tank, which is a small-sized plunger component, is introduced in order.

【００１４】又、本発明は、最後に進入する筒状プラン
ジャ構成部材は、胴周部に筒状作動油タンクを有しない
構成とした。Further, according to the present invention, the cylindrical plunger constituent member to be finally inserted does not have a cylindrical hydraulic oil tank in the body peripheral portion.

【００１５】又、本発明は、上部から下部に向って次第
に径が拡大された油圧制御棒を軸芯に有すると共に作動
油が充填された上端開放で有底のベースシリンダと、前
記ベースシリンダの上端開放側から当該ベースシリンダ
の軸方向に摺動可能に浅く嵌合され、深く進入する際に
前記油圧制御棒が相対的に侵入する油圧制御孔を底に有
すると共に、内周面に沿って内径方向に二重に設けられ
作動油が充填された内外二つの筒状作動油タンクと上端
開放の軸芯空間とを同軸的に有する第１の筒状プランジ
ャ構成部材、及び当該第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材の
上端開放側から当該第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材の外
筒状作動油タンクに摺動可能に浅く嵌合された胴周部を
有する上端閉鎖の第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材とを備
えたプランジャと、前記ベースシリンダの作動油が充填
された内部と第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材の外筒状作
動油タンクとを連通可能に閉鎖する開閉弁と、当該第１
の筒状プランジャ構成部材の外筒状作動油タンクと内筒
状作動油タンクとを仕切る隔壁に軸方向にわたって適当
間隔を置いて開設された常開連通孔と、当該第１の筒状
プランジャ構成部材の外筒状作動油タンクと軸芯空間と
を仕切る隔壁に周方向に適当間隔をおいて開設された連
通孔と、当該連通孔を非常時には閉鎖する位置にあって
当該第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材の軸芯空間の軸方向
に摺動可能に配設された連通孔開閉手段とから成り、前
記内外の筒状作動油タンクに作動油が封入された状態で
第１と第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材を互いに摺動不能
に仮に固定する一体化手段と、前記連通孔開閉手段によ
って軸方向に隔てられた第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材
の軸芯空間と第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材の軸芯空間
とを常時連通させる常開油路手段と、常時には第２の筒
状プランジャ構成部材をベースシリンダに浅い嵌合状態
に支える支承手段とを備えた構成とした。Further, according to the present invention, a base cylinder, which has a hydraulic control rod whose diameter is gradually increased from the upper part to the lower part and which has a shaft core and is open at the upper end and has a bottom, and which is filled with hydraulic oil, is provided. It is fitted so as to be slidable in the axial direction of the base cylinder from the upper end open side, and has a hydraulic control hole at the bottom into which the hydraulic control rod relatively enters when entering deeply, and along the inner peripheral surface. A first cylindrical plunger constituent member that coaxially has two inner and outer cylindrical hydraulic oil tanks that are doubly provided in the inner diameter direction and that is filled with hydraulic oil, and an axial center space with an open upper end, and the first cylinder. -Up second cylindrical plunger structure having a body peripheral portion that is slidably fitted slidably into the outer cylindrical hydraulic oil tank of the first cylindrical plunger constituent member from the upper end open side of the cylindrical plunger constituent member A plunger with a member and Off valve the hydraulic oil in the base cylinder is communicable closing the outer cylindrical working oil tank interior and the first cylindrical plunger component filled, the first
Of the cylindrical plunger forming member, the normally open communication holes opened at appropriate intervals in the axial direction in the partition wall separating the outer cylindrical hydraulic oil tank and the inner cylindrical hydraulic oil tank, and the first cylindrical plunger structure. A communication hole that is opened in the partition wall that separates the outer cylindrical hydraulic oil tank of the member and the shaft core space at appropriate intervals in the circumferential direction, and the first cylindrical shape that is located at a position that closes the communication hole in an emergency. And a communication hole opening / closing means arranged slidably in the axial direction of the axial center space of the plunger constituent member. The first and second communication holes are opened and closed in the cylindrical hydraulic oil tanks inside and outside. An integral means for temporarily fixing the tubular plunger constituent members to each other in a non-sliding manner, the axial center space of the first tubular plunger constituent member and the second cylindrical plunger axially separated by the communication hole opening / closing means. Always communicate with the axial core space of the components A normally Hirakiaburaro means, constantly has a structure in which a bearing means for supporting a second tubular plunger component in a shallow fitting state to the base cylinder.

【００１６】又、本発明は、上部から下部に向って次第
に径が拡大された油圧制御棒を軸芯に有すると共に作動
油が充填された上端開放で有底のベースシリンダと、前
記ベースシリンダの上端開放側から当該ベースシリンダ
の軸方向に摺動可能に浅く嵌合され、深く進入する際に
前記油圧制御棒が相対的に侵入する油圧制御孔を底に有
すると共に、胴周部に設けられた作動油が充填されてい
ない筒状作動油タンクと上端開放の軸芯空間とを同軸的
に有する第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材、及び当該第１
の筒状プランジャ構成部材の上端開放側から当該第１の
筒状プランジャ構成部材の筒状作動油タンクに摺動可能
に浅く嵌合された胴周部を有する上端閉鎖の第２の筒状
プランジャ構成部材とを備えたプランジャと、非常時に
は第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材に第１の筒状プランジ
ャ構成部材を浅い嵌合状態で仮に固定する一体化手段
と、常時には第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材をベースシ
リンダに浅い嵌合状態に支える支承手段と、非常時に、
第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材がベースシリンダに進入
していく際に、ベースシリンダから第１の筒状プランジ
ャ構成部材の軸芯空間に流入した作動油を当該第１の筒
状プランジャ構成部材の筒状作動油タンクに流入させる
ため当該筒状作動油タンクに筒体の軸方向に適当数設け
られた常開連通孔と、第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材が
第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材に進入した際に、前記一
体化手段による第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材と第２の
筒状プランジャ構成部材との仮固定を解除する解除手段
とを備えた構成とした。Further, according to the present invention, there is provided a base cylinder which has a hydraulic control rod whose diameter is gradually increased from the upper part to the lower part, and which has an open upper end and is filled with hydraulic oil. It is fitted so as to be slidable in the axial direction of the base cylinder from the upper end open side, and has a hydraulic control hole at the bottom into which the hydraulic control rod relatively enters when entering deeply. And a first tubular plunger constituent member that coaxially has a tubular hydraulic oil tank not filled with hydraulic oil and an axial core space with an open upper end.
Second tubular plunger having an upper end closed and having a waist portion slidably fitted in the tubular hydraulic oil tank of the first tubular plunger component from the upper end open side of the tubular plunger component. A plunger having a component, an integrated means for temporarily fixing the first tubular plunger component to the second tubular plunger component in a shallow fitting state in an emergency, and the second tubular plunger at all times. Supporting means for supporting the components in a shallow fitting state on the base cylinder, and in an emergency,
When the first cylindrical plunger constituent member enters the base cylinder, the working oil flowing from the base cylinder into the axial center space of the first cylindrical plunger constituent member is transferred to the first cylindrical plunger constituent member. An appropriate number of normally open communication holes provided in the tubular hydraulic oil tank in the axial direction of the tubular body for flowing into the tubular hydraulic oil tank, and the second tubular plunger constituting member is the first tubular plunger constituting member. And a releasing means for releasing the provisional fixing of the first tubular plunger constituting member and the second tubular plunger constituting member by the integrating means when entering.

【００１７】又、本発明は、筒壁を貫通する多数の連通
孔が設けられた油圧制御筒を軸芯に同軸で有すると共に
作動油が充填された上端部開放で有底のベースシリンダ
と、前記ベースシリンダの上端部側から当該ベースシリ
ンダの内周面と前記油圧制御筒との間の環状空間に摺動
可能に浅く嵌合され、深く進入する際に前記油圧制御筒
の外周面に摺接して、油圧制御筒の多数の貫通孔の一部
を塞ぎ他を開通状態のままとする摺接壁面を有する作動
油が充填されていない上端部開放の筒状作動油タンクを
胴周部として有する第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材、及
び前記第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材の上端部側から筒
状作動油タンクに摺動可能に浅く嵌合された胴周部を有
する第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材とを備えたプランジ
ャと、常時には第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材に第１の
筒状プランジャ構成部材を浅い嵌合状態で仮固定する一
体化手段と、常時には第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材を
ベースシリンダに浅い嵌合状態に支える支承手段と、第
２の筒状プランジャ構成部材が第１の筒状プランジャ構
成部材に進入した際に、前記一体化手段による第１の筒
状プランジャ構成部材と第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材
との仮固定を解除する解除手段とを備えた構成とした。Further, according to the present invention, there is provided a base cylinder which has a hydraulic control cylinder coaxially with a shaft center and which is provided with a large number of communication holes penetrating the cylinder wall, and which is open at the upper end and has a bottom. From the upper end side of the base cylinder, it is slidably fitted into the annular space between the inner peripheral surface of the base cylinder and the hydraulic control cylinder so that it slides on the outer peripheral surface of the hydraulic control cylinder when entering deeply. A cylindrical hydraulic oil tank with an open upper end that is not filled with hydraulic oil and has a sliding contact wall surface that closes a part of many through holes of the hydraulic control cylinder and leaves the other open A first cylindrical plunger constituting member having, and a second cylindrical casing having a waist peripheral portion slidably fitted to the cylindrical hydraulic oil tank from the upper end side of the first cylindrical plunger constituting member so as to be slidable. A plunger with a plunger component and a Means for temporarily fixing the first cylindrical plunger constituent member to the cylindrical plunger constituent member in a shallow fitting state, and a support that normally supports the second cylindrical plunger constituent member in the shallow fitting state on the base cylinder. Means and the first tubular plunger component and the second tubular plunger component by the integrated means when the second tubular plunger component enters the first tubular plunger component. It is configured to include a releasing means for releasing the temporary fixing.

【００１８】[0018]

【発明の実施の形態】実施の形態１．エレベータ用の多
段油圧緩衝装置の実施の形態１を図１乃至図３に基づい
て説明する。図１は多段油圧緩衝装置の縦断面図、図２
はプランジャの一段目の進入状態を示す縦断面図、図３
はプランジャの二段目の進入状態を示す縦断面図であ
る。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiment 1. A first embodiment of a multistage hydraulic shock absorber for an elevator will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a multi-stage hydraulic shock absorber, FIG.
3 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a state where the plunger enters the first stage, FIG.
FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a state where the plunger has entered the second stage.

【００１９】図１において、１はベースシリンダであ
る。ベースシリンダ１は、その上端側が開放された有底
の筒状であり、作動油２が充填されている。筒状のベー
スシリンダ１の底面３の中央には、筒の軸方向に向け
て、上部から下部に向って次第に径が拡大されたテーパ
形の油圧制御棒４が立設されている。In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 is a base cylinder. The base cylinder 1 is a bottomed cylinder whose upper end side is open, and is filled with hydraulic oil 2. At the center of the bottom surface 3 of the cylindrical base cylinder 1, a taper-shaped hydraulic control rod 4 whose diameter gradually increases from the upper part to the lower part in the axial direction of the cylinder is erected.

【００２０】ベースシリンダ１に対して軸方向から進入
するプランジャは、この形態１では二段、即ち、プラン
ジャ構成部材としての筒状プランジャ構成部材二つで構
成されており、具体的には、前記のベースシリンダ１に
対して、順次遠去る方向に、略相似的に小型化された第
１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０と第２の筒状プランジ
ャ構成部材２０とが、筒の軸方向に同軸にて摺動可能に
嵌合されている。一段目の第１の筒状プランジャ構成部
材１０は、ベースシリンダ１の上端開放側から当該ベー
スシリンダ１の軸方向に摺動可能に浅く、脱落不能に嵌
合されており、深く進入し終えると、ベースシリンダ１
の上端側と当該第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０の上
端側とが略一致する軸方向の長さを有している。In the first embodiment, the plunger that is axially inserted into the base cylinder 1 is composed of two stages, that is, two cylindrical plunger constituent members as plunger constituent members. The first cylindrical plunger constituent member 10 and the second cylindrical plunger constituent member 20, which are substantially similar in size, are coaxial with each other in the axial direction of the cylinder in a direction away from the base cylinder 1. Is slidably fitted in. The first cylindrical plunger constituent member 10 in the first stage is fitted so as to be slidable from the upper end open side of the base cylinder 1 in the axial direction of the base cylinder 1 so as to be slidable and non-removable, and when the deep penetration is completed. , Base cylinder 1
Has a length in the axial direction in which the upper end side of the first cylindrical plunger constituent member 10 and the upper end side of the first cylindrical plunger constituting member 10 substantially coincide with each other.

【００２１】更に、この第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材
１０は、筒の内周面に沿って内径方向に二重に設けられ
た内外二つの筒状作動油タンク１１、１２と上端開放の
軸芯空間１３とを同軸的に備え、内筒状作動油タンク１
１及び外筒状作動油タンク１２は作動油２で充填されて
いる。又、第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０の底面１
５の中央には、前記軸芯空間１３とベースシリンダ１と
を連通させる油圧制御孔１６がオリフィス孔として設け
られている。この油圧制御孔１６には、第１の筒状プラ
ンジャ構成部材１０がベースシリンダ１に深く進入して
いく際、相対的に油圧制御棒４が侵入する。油圧制御孔
１６は軸芯に位置し、第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１
０の軸芯空間１３の底に開口している。Further, the first cylindrical plunger constituent member 10 includes two inner and outer cylindrical hydraulic oil tanks 11 and 12 which are doubled in the inner diameter direction along the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder and a shaft whose upper end is open. The inner cylindrical hydraulic oil tank 1 is provided coaxially with the core space 13.
1 and the outer cylindrical hydraulic oil tank 12 are filled with hydraulic oil 2. In addition, the bottom surface 1 of the first cylindrical plunger component 10
A hydraulic control hole 16 for communicating the shaft core space 13 and the base cylinder 1 is provided in the center of the nozzle 5 as an orifice hole. The hydraulic control rod 4 relatively penetrates into the hydraulic control hole 16 when the first cylindrical plunger component 10 deeply enters the base cylinder 1. The hydraulic control hole 16 is located at the axial center, and the first cylindrical plunger component 1
It has an opening at the bottom of the shaft core space 13 of 0.

【００２２】第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材２０は、第
１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０の上端開放側から当該
第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０の外筒状作動油タン
ク１２に摺動可能に浅く、脱落不能に嵌合された胴周部
２１を有しており、深く進入し終えると、当該第１の筒
状プランジャ構成部材１０の上端側と略一致する軸方向
の長さを有している。第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材２
０の筒部に相応する前記の胴周部２１は、先にベースシ
リンダ１に進入する第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０
の筒状作動油タンクとしての外筒状作動油タンク１２
に、同軸的に摺動可能なように略相似的で小型の筒状に
形成されている。この胴周部２１は、その内部が筒状に
形成された空の筒状作動油タンク２２を備えている。し
かし、この筒状作動油タンク２２は必ずしも必要ではな
い。要は、軸芯空間２３を有し、当該胴周部２１の下端
面が外筒状作動油タンク１２に進入する際に作動油２の
油圧抵抗を受ける形態に構成されていればよい。尚、前
記第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材２０の上端側は、異常
の発生により、急降下するエレベータかご（非図示）の
衝撃を受ける部分であり、従って、閉鎖されている。The second cylindrical plunger constituent member 20 is slidable from the upper end open side of the first cylindrical plunger constituent member 10 to the outer cylindrical hydraulic oil tank 12 of the first cylindrical plunger constituent member 10. Has a body peripheral portion 21 that is shallow and fitted so as not to fall off, and has a length in the axial direction that substantially coincides with the upper end side of the first cylindrical plunger constituent member 10 when deeply entering. is doing. Second tubular plunger component 2
The body peripheral portion 21 corresponding to the cylindrical portion of 0 is the first cylindrical plunger constituent member 10 that first enters the base cylinder 1.
Outer cylindrical hydraulic oil tank 12 as a cylindrical hydraulic oil tank
In addition, it is formed in a substantially similar and small tubular shape so as to be coaxially slidable. The body peripheral portion 21 is provided with an empty tubular hydraulic oil tank 22 having a tubular interior. However, this cylindrical hydraulic oil tank 22 is not always necessary. The point is that the shaft core space 23 is provided and the lower end surface of the body peripheral portion 21 receives the hydraulic resistance of the hydraulic oil 2 when entering the outer cylindrical hydraulic oil tank 12. The upper end side of the second cylindrical plunger constituent member 20 is a portion that receives an impact of an elevator car (not shown) that suddenly descends due to occurrence of an abnormality, and is therefore closed.

【００２３】第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０に対し
て第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材２０が摺動可能に嵌合
された構成であるが、このように摺動可能な隣合うプラ
ンジャ構成部材相互には、この例では、第１の筒状プラ
ンジャ構成部材１０と第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材２
０とには、互いを摺動不能として仮に固定しておく一体
化手段３０が設けられている。一体化手段３０は、互い
に仮固定された一方の筒状プランジャ構成部材、この例
では第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０がベースシリン
ダ１に進入し終えるか、或いはその直前で解除されるも
ので、第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０がベースシリ
ンダ１に十分深く進入するまでは、隣合う筒状プランジ
ャ構成部材（１０、２０）の摺動を阻止する手段であ
る。The second cylindrical plunger constituent member 20 is slidably fitted to the first cylindrical plunger constituent member 10. The adjacent plunger constituent members that are slidable as described above. Mutually, in this example, a first tubular plunger component 10 and a second tubular plunger component 2
0 is provided with an unifying means 30 for temporarily fixing each other so that they cannot slide. The unifying means 30 is one in which one of the cylindrical plunger constituent members temporarily fixed to each other, in this example, the first cylindrical plunger constituent member 10 has finished entering the base cylinder 1 or is released immediately before that. It is a means for preventing the adjacent cylindrical plunger constituent members (10, 20) from sliding until the first cylindrical plunger constituent member 10 enters the base cylinder 1 sufficiently deep.

【００２４】このような一体化手段３０としては、例え
ば、機械的な装置として後述するような施錠装置がある
が、この形態１の一体化手段３０は、作動油２の油圧回
路で構成されている。図１において、この一体化手段３
０は、ベースシリンダ１の作動油２が充填された当該ベ
ースシリンダ１の内部と第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材
１０の外筒状作動油タンク１２とを連通可能に閉鎖する
開閉弁３１と、外筒状作動油タンク１２と内筒状作動油
タンク１１とを仕切る隔壁に筒の軸方向にわたって適当
間隔を置いて軸方向に配設された常開連通孔としての軸
方向配列連通孔３２と、内筒状作動油タンク１１と軸芯
空間１３とを仕切る隔壁の周方向に適当間隔をおいて環
状に配設された連通孔としての環状配列連通孔３３と、
当該環状配列連通孔３３を常時には閉鎖する位置にあっ
て軸芯空間１３の軸方向に摺動可能に配設された連通孔
開閉手段３４とを有し、内外の筒状作動油タンク１１、
１２に作動油２が封入された状態で、第１の筒状プラン
ジャ構成部材１０と第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材２０
とを互いに摺動不能状に仮固定している。As such an unifying means 30, for example, there is a locking device which will be described later as a mechanical device, but the unifying means 30 of this mode 1 is constituted by a hydraulic circuit of the hydraulic oil 2. There is. In FIG. 1, this integration means 3
0 is an opening / closing valve 31 that closes the inside of the base cylinder 1 filled with the hydraulic oil 2 of the base cylinder 1 and the outer cylindrical hydraulic oil tank 12 of the first cylindrical plunger component 10 so as to be able to communicate with each other, An axially arranged communication hole 32 as a normally open communication hole axially arranged at an appropriate interval in the axial direction of the cylinder in a partition that partitions the outer cylindrical hydraulic oil tank 12 and the inner cylindrical hydraulic oil tank 11. An annular array communication hole 33 as a communication hole that is annularly arranged at an appropriate interval in the circumferential direction of a partition that divides the inner cylindrical hydraulic oil tank 11 and the shaft core space 13.
The annular array communication hole 33 is normally closed, and the communication hole opening / closing means 34 is provided so as to be slidable in the axial direction of the shaft core space 13.
In a state where the hydraulic oil 2 is enclosed in 12, the first cylindrical plunger constituent member 10 and the second cylindrical plunger constituent member 20
And are temporarily fixed to each other so that they cannot slide.

【００２５】尚、前記の開閉弁３１は、外筒状作動油タ
ンク１２が負圧になると開いてベースシリンダ１の作動
油２を導入する逆止弁である。又、３５は連通孔開閉手
段３４を軸方向に貫通するように設けられた作動油通
路、３６は連通孔開閉手段３４の降下を阻止する降下ス
トッパ、３７は連通孔開閉手段３４を降下ストッパ３６
に押圧する弾性部材である。これらについては後述す
る。The on-off valve 31 is a check valve that opens when the outer cylindrical hydraulic oil tank 12 has a negative pressure and introduces the hydraulic oil 2 of the base cylinder 1. Further, 35 is a hydraulic oil passage provided so as to penetrate through the communication hole opening / closing means 34 in the axial direction, 36 is a lowering stopper for preventing the communication hole opening / closing means 34 from lowering, 37 is a lowering stopper 36 for the communication hole opening / closing means 34.
It is an elastic member that presses against. These will be described later.

【００２６】図１において、内筒状作動油タンク１１の
環状配列連通孔３３は連通孔開閉手段３４によって閉じ
られているため、内筒状作動油タンク１１及び外筒状作
動油タンク１２内の作動油２は逃げ場を失なっているた
め、第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材２０の進入が阻止さ
れている。従って、連通孔開閉手段３４が環状配列連通
孔３３を塞いだ状態のままでは、第２の筒状プランジャ
構成部材２０は第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０に浅
く進入（嵌合）した状態のままに固定化されるため、第
１及び第２の両筒状プランジャ構成部材１０、２０は摺
動不能に固定化されたまま作動、即ち、ベースシリンダ
１に一体となって進入する。In FIG. 1, since the annular array communication holes 33 of the inner cylindrical hydraulic oil tank 11 are closed by the communication hole opening / closing means 34, the inner cylindrical hydraulic oil tank 11 and the outer cylindrical hydraulic oil tank 12 have the same structure. Since the hydraulic oil 2 has not escaped, the second cylindrical plunger constituent member 20 is prevented from entering. Therefore, when the communication hole opening / closing means 34 remains in the state where the annular array communication holes 33 are closed, the second cylindrical plunger constituent member 20 is shallowly inserted (fitted) into the first cylindrical plunger constituent member 10. Since it is fixed as it is, both the first and second tubular plunger constituent members 10 and 20 operate so as not to be slidably fixed, that is, they integrally enter the base cylinder 1.

【００２７】連通孔開閉手段３４は、常時には、環状配
列連通孔３３を塞ぐ位置において摺動停止状態となるよ
うに、ベースシリンダ１側方向への降下摺動に対して
は、軸芯空間１３に突設された降下ストッパ３６によっ
て下限が設定されて摺動不能に阻止されており、第２の
筒状プランジャ構成部材２０側への上昇摺動に対して
は、当該第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材２０との間に設
けられた抵抗付勢手段としての弾性部材３７の介在によ
って、常時には不能な程度の阻止抵抗を受けるが、非常
時には、当該環状配列連通孔３３が流通可能に開口する
程度に摺動可能とされている。The communication hole opening / closing means 34 is always in a sliding stop state at a position where the annular array communication holes 33 are closed, so that the shaft core space 13 is prevented from descending and sliding toward the base cylinder 1 side. A lower limit is set by a descending stopper 36 projecting on the upper end of the second cylindrical plunger constituent member 20 and the lower limit is set so that the second cylindrical plunger constituent member 20 is prevented from sliding upward. An interposition of an elastic member 37 as a resistance urging means provided between the component member 20 and the component member 20 causes a blocking resistance that is impossible at all times, but in an emergency, the annular array communication holes 33 are opened so that they can flow. It is slidable to some extent.

【００２８】尚、この形態１の抵抗付勢手段としての弾
性部材３７は、第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材２０との
間に、プランジャの軸方向に張設されており、常時に
は、上記の一体化手段３０と相俟って、第２の筒状プラ
ンジャ構成部材２０の第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１
０への進入を阻止する機能も果たしている。又、後述の
ように装置が作動後の復帰バネとしても作用する。又、
上記の連通孔開閉手段３４には、軸方向に隔てられた第
１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０の軸芯空間１３と第２
の筒状プランジャ構成部材２０の軸芯空間２３とを、常
時連通させるため常開油路手段としての作動油通路３５
が設けられている。The elastic member 37 as the resistance urging means of the first embodiment is stretched in the axial direction of the plunger between the elastic member 37 and the second cylindrical plunger constituent member 20, and is always above-mentioned. Together with the integration means 30, the first tubular plunger component 1 of the second tubular plunger component 20.
It also plays the role of blocking the entry to zero. It also acts as a return spring after the device is activated, as will be described later. or,
In the communication hole opening / closing means 34, the shaft core space 13 and the second core space 13 of the first cylindrical plunger constituent member 10 which are separated from each other in the axial direction are provided.
The hydraulic oil passage 35 as a normally open oil passage means for always communicating with the shaft core space 23 of the cylindrical plunger constituent member 20.
Is provided.

【００２９】一体化手段３０によって、第１の筒状プラ
ンジャ構成部材１０と第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材２
０とが一体化されたプランジャは、常時には、その第１
の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０の底部１５とベースシリ
ンダ１の底部３との間に介在させた支承手段としての弾
性部材５によって、第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０
がベースシリンダ１に浅く進入した状態で支えられてい
る。又、この弾性部材５は、後述のように装置が作動後
の復帰バネとしても作用する。By the unifying means 30, the first cylindrical plunger constituent member 10 and the second cylindrical plunger constituent member 2
The plunger integrated with 0 is always the first
The first cylindrical plunger constituent member 10 is provided by the elastic member 5 as a support means interposed between the bottom portion 15 of the cylindrical plunger constituent member 10 and the bottom portion 3 of the base cylinder 1.
Are supported in a state where they have shallowly entered the base cylinder 1. The elastic member 5 also acts as a return spring after the operation of the device, as described later.

【００３０】次に、動作を説明する。初期状態、即ち常
時においては、図１に示すように、連通孔開閉手段３４
が環状配列連通孔３３を閉鎖する位置にあって、内外の
筒状作動油タンク１１、１２には作動油２が封入されて
いるため、この一体化手段３０によって、プランジャを
構成する第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０と第２の筒
状プランジャ構成部材２０とが仮固定された状態にあ
る。こうして一体化されたプランジャは、支承手段とし
ての弾性部材５によって、作動油２が充填されたベース
シリンダ１に浅く嵌合された状態で支承されている。Next, the operation will be described. In the initial state, that is, in the normal state, as shown in FIG.
Is located at the position where the annular array communication hole 33 is closed and the hydraulic oil 2 is enclosed in the inner and outer cylindrical hydraulic oil tanks 11 and 12, so that the integrated means 30 forms the first plunger constituting the plunger. The cylindrical plunger constituent member 10 and the second cylindrical plunger constituent member 20 are in a temporarily fixed state. The plunger thus integrated is supported by the elastic member 5 as a supporting means in a state of being shallowly fitted to the base cylinder 1 filled with the hydraulic oil 2.

【００３１】今、何らかの異常によりエレベータかご
（非図示）が急降下して、プランジャの頂部、即ち、第
２の筒状プランジャ構成部材２０の頂部に衝突すると
（非常時）、環状配列連通孔３３が封鎖されたままなの
で、内筒状作動油タンク１１、及び外筒状作動油タンク
１２内の作動油２が第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材２０
の底面で押圧されても、他に流出できない状態に満たさ
れているために容積がほとんど圧縮できず、第１の筒状
プランジャ構成部材１０と第２の筒状プランジャ構成部
材２０とが固定されたままの状態で、ベースシリンダ１
内に押し下がる。Now, if the elevator car (not shown) suddenly descends due to some abnormality and collides with the top of the plunger, that is, the top of the second cylindrical plunger constituting member 20 (in an emergency), the annular array communication hole 33 is formed. Since it is still blocked, the hydraulic oil 2 in the inner cylindrical hydraulic oil tank 11 and the outer cylindrical hydraulic oil tank 12 is the second cylindrical plunger constituent member 20.
Even if it is pressed by the bottom surface, the volume is hardly compressed because it is filled with a state in which it cannot flow out, and the first cylindrical plunger constituent member 10 and the second cylindrical plunger constituent member 20 are fixed. Base cylinder 1
Push down.

【００３２】第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０と第２
の筒状プランジャ構成部材２０とが一体のまま、弾性部
材５の弾性力に抗して、ベースシリンダ１内に押し下が
っていくと、ベースシリンダ１内の作動油２は、油圧制
御孔１６の内周縁と油圧制御棒４の外周面との隙間を通
って、第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０の軸芯空間１
３に噴出されて、作動油２の油圧抵抗が発揮されるの
で、エレベータかごの急降下による衝撃エネルギーが消
散され、降下運動が緩衝されながら、減速される。この
際、油圧制御棒４は下部に向って拡大するテーパ形とな
っているので、第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０が下
がるのに伴って、油圧制御孔１６と油圧制御棒４との隙
間における作動油２の通過面積は次第に小さくなり、要
求された減衰力特性を得ることができる。First cylindrical plunger component 10 and second
When it is pushed down into the base cylinder 1 against the elastic force of the elastic member 5 while being integrally formed with the cylindrical plunger constituent member 20 of FIG. The axial center space 1 of the first cylindrical plunger component 10 passes through a gap between the inner peripheral edge and the outer peripheral surface of the hydraulic control rod 4.
Since the hydraulic resistance of the hydraulic oil 2 is jetted out to the hydraulic fluid 3 and the impact energy due to the sudden descent of the elevator car is dissipated, the descent motion is buffered and decelerated. At this time, since the hydraulic control rod 4 has a taper shape that expands toward the lower portion, the clearance between the hydraulic control hole 16 and the hydraulic control rod 4 is increased as the first tubular plunger constituent member 10 is lowered. The passage area of the hydraulic oil 2 at is gradually reduced, and the required damping force characteristic can be obtained.

【００３３】図２において、第１の筒状プランジャ構成
部材１０の底面１５がベースシリンダ１の底面３側に十
分接近すると、油圧制御棒４の頂部が降下してきた連通
孔開閉手段３４に接触し、弾性部材３７の弾性力に抗し
て連通孔開閉手段３４を、第１の筒状プランジャ構成部
材１０に対して相対的に押し上げて環状配列連通孔３３
を開通（開口）させる。この環状配列連通孔３３が開通
すると、油圧回路から成るこの一体化手段３０の仮固定
が解除される。即ち、外筒状作動油タンク１２内の作動
油２が、先ず軸方向配列連通孔３２を通って内筒状作動
油タンク１１に入り、更に、環状配列連通孔３３を通っ
て第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０の軸芯空間１３に
噴出する。In FIG. 2, when the bottom surface 15 of the first cylindrical plunger constituent member 10 is sufficiently close to the bottom surface 3 side of the base cylinder 1, the top of the hydraulic control rod 4 comes into contact with the descending communication hole opening / closing means 34. , The communication hole opening / closing means 34 is pushed up relatively against the elastic force of the elastic member 37 with respect to the first cylindrical plunger constituent member 10 to form the annular arrangement communication hole 33.
To open (open). When the annular array communication hole 33 is opened, the temporary fixing of the integrated means 30 composed of a hydraulic circuit is released. That is, the working oil 2 in the outer cylindrical working oil tank 12 first enters the inner cylindrical working oil tank 11 through the axially arranged communication holes 32, and further passes through the annular arrayed communication hole 33 to form the first cylinder. Is ejected into the axial center space 13 of the linear plunger component 10.

【００３４】図３において、一体化された一方のプラン
ジャ構成部材、ここでは第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材
１０がベースシリンダ１に進入し終える直前に、上記の
ように一体化手段３０が解除されるので、他方の第２の
筒状プランジャ構成部材２０が第１の筒状プランジャ構
成部材１０に対して、より具体的には、第２の筒状プラ
ンジャ構成部材２０の胴周部２１が第１の筒状プランジ
ャ構成部材１０の外筒状作動油タンク１２に油圧抵抗を
受けながら進入していく。In FIG. 3, just before one integrated plunger component, here the first cylindrical plunger component 10, has finished entering the base cylinder 1, the integration means 30 is released as described above. Therefore, the other second cylindrical plunger constituting member 20 is more specific to the first cylindrical plunger constituting member 10 than the first cylindrical plunger constituting member 20. The outer cylindrical hydraulic oil tank 12 of the first cylindrical plunger constituting member 10 enters while receiving hydraulic resistance.

【００３５】これと同時に、進入していく第２の筒状プ
ランジャ構成部材２０によって、内筒状作動油タンク１
１の内周面側に開口する常開連通孔としての軸方向配列
連通孔３２が上の方向から次第に機能不能とされて閉鎖
されていき、流通可能な軸方向配列連通孔３２の数が次
第に減少する。この過程において、外筒状作動油タンク
１２内の圧力はベースシリンダ１の内部の圧力より高い
ので、外筒状作動油タンク１２とベースシリンダ１との
間を連通可能に設けられた開閉弁３１は閉じられたまま
となる。At the same time, the inner cylindrical hydraulic oil tank 1 is moved by the second cylindrical plunger constituting member 20 which is advancing.
The axially arranged communication holes 32 as the normally open communication holes that open to the inner peripheral surface side of 1 gradually become inoperable and are closed from the upper direction, and the number of the axially arranged communication holes 32 that can flow is reduced. Gradually decreases. In this process, since the pressure inside the outer cylindrical hydraulic oil tank 12 is higher than the pressure inside the base cylinder 1, the on-off valve 31 provided so that the outer cylindrical hydraulic oil tank 12 and the base cylinder 1 can communicate with each other. Remains closed.

【００３６】常開連通孔としての軸方向配列連通孔３２
は、外筒状作動油タンク１２と内筒状作動油タンク１１
との隔壁（仕切壁）に軸方向に位置をずらして多数開設
されているが、これらの軸方向配列連通孔３２の総開口
面積よりも内筒状作動油タンク１１の軸芯空間１３側に
設けられた環状配列連通孔３３の総開口面積を小さく設
定することによって、孔式オリフィス緩衝構造を実現す
ることができ、外筒状作動油タンク１２中の作動油２の
流出速度の制御により、プランジャを構成する一段目即
ち第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０とは独立して、二
段目に相当する第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材２０にお
いても要求される減衰力特性を得ることができる。Axial arrangement communication hole 32 as a normally open communication hole
Is an outer cylindrical hydraulic oil tank 12 and an inner cylindrical hydraulic oil tank 11
A large number of them are provided on the partition wall (partition wall) with axial positions shifted, but on the axial core space 13 side of the inner cylindrical hydraulic oil tank 11 with respect to the total opening area of these axially arranged communication holes 32. By setting the total opening area of the provided annular array communication holes 33 to be small, a hole-type orifice buffer structure can be realized, and by controlling the outflow speed of the hydraulic oil 2 in the outer cylindrical hydraulic oil tank 12, It is possible to obtain the required damping force characteristic also in the second cylindrical plunger constituting member 20 corresponding to the second stage, independently of the first stage constituting the plunger, that is, the first cylindrical plunger constituting member 10. .

【００３７】第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０の軸芯
空間１３に、内筒状作動油タンク１１から環状配列連通
孔３３を経て流入した作動油２、及びベースシリンダ１
から油圧制御孔１６を経て流入した作動油２は、更に、
連通孔開閉手段３４の作動油通路３５を通って、第２の
筒状プランジャ構成部材２０の軸芯空間２３に流入す
る。そして、当該軸芯空間２３に流入した作動油の一部
は、更に、常開の連通孔２４、２５を経て、第２の筒状
プランジャ構成部材２０の筒状空タンク２２に流入す
る。The hydraulic oil 2 that has flowed into the axial core space 13 of the first cylindrical plunger component 10 from the inner cylindrical hydraulic oil tank 11 through the annular arrangement communication hole 33, and the base cylinder 1.
The hydraulic oil 2 that has flowed in through the hydraulic control hole 16 from
It passes through the hydraulic oil passage 35 of the communication hole opening / closing means 34 and flows into the axial center space 23 of the second cylindrical plunger constituting member 20. Then, a part of the hydraulic oil that has flowed into the shaft core space 23 further flows into the tubular empty tank 22 of the second tubular plunger constituting member 20 via the normally open communication holes 24 and 25.

【００３８】図３において、その後、異常原因が解消し
て、エレベータかごが上昇すると、弾性部材３７の復帰
力によって、油圧制御棒４と当該油圧制御棒４に載った
連通孔開閉手段３４とを支えとして、第２の筒状プラン
ジャ構成部材２０が押し上げられるが、この押し上の
際、図２に示すように、弾性部材３７の反力で連通孔開
閉手段３４が降下ストッパ３６まで押し戻されて、環状
配列連通孔３３が閉鎖されるので、内外の筒状作動油タ
ンク１１、１２内に作動油２が充填されたまま（開閉弁
３１は閉じた状態）、第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１
０が上昇する。即ち、一体化手段３０として構成された
油圧回路が作動油２で充填されて封入された状態となる
ことによって、プランジャを構成する第１の筒状プラン
ジャ構成部材１０と第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材２０
とが互いに摺動不能に一体化された状態に固定される。In FIG. 3, thereafter, when the cause of the abnormality is eliminated and the elevator car rises, the restoring force of the elastic member 37 causes the hydraulic control rod 4 and the communication hole opening / closing means 34 mounted on the hydraulic control rod 4 to move. As a support, the second cylindrical plunger constituent member 20 is pushed up. At the time of this pushing up, as shown in FIG. 2, the communication hole opening / closing means 34 is pushed back to the lowering stopper 36 by the reaction force of the elastic member 37. Since the annular array communication hole 33 is closed, the first and second cylindrical plunger constituent members are kept filled with the hydraulic oil 2 in the inner and outer cylindrical hydraulic oil tanks 11 and 12 (the open / close valve 31 is closed). 1
0 rises. That is, when the hydraulic circuit configured as the unifying means 30 is filled with the hydraulic oil 2 and sealed, the first cylindrical plunger constituent member 10 and the second cylindrical plunger constituent that constitute the plunger. Member 20
And are fixed so as to be non-slidably integrated with each other.

【００３９】こうして一体化されたプランジャは、ベー
スシリンダ１内の弾性部材５によって押し上げられる。
この押し上げによって、筒状空タンク２２や軸芯空間２
３等の第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材２０内の作動油２
は、連通孔開閉手段３４の作動油通路３５及び第１の筒
状プランジャ構成部材１０の軸芯空間１３を経て、ベー
スシリンダ１内に流下し、図１に示す状態に復帰する。The plunger thus integrated is pushed up by the elastic member 5 in the base cylinder 1.
By this pushing up, the cylindrical empty tank 22 and the shaft core space 2
Hydraulic oil 2 in the second cylindrical plunger component 20, such as 3
Flows down into the base cylinder 1 through the hydraulic oil passage 35 of the communication hole opening / closing means 34 and the shaft core space 13 of the first cylindrical plunger constituent member 10 and returns to the state shown in FIG.

【００４０】この実施の形態１によれば、多段、この例
では、第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０と第２の筒状
プランジャ構成部材２０との二段に構成されたプランジ
ャの各プランジャ構成部材が、一体化手段３０によっ
て、順次に独立して減速機能が発揮される構造としてあ
るため、減速パターンの解析や設計がし易くなる。又、
プランジャの各段においてオリフィスを各別に制御する
ことができるので、緩衝効率を優れたものとすることが
できる。又、前述した従来の装置に比べて、ベースシリ
ンダ１及び各段のプランジャ構成部材の軸方向の長さを
略同等にすることができるので、装置の全高をより小さ
くすることができ、従って、床部（ピット）の浅い昇降
路を構築することができる。これにより、建設工事での
掘削作業を省力化でき、建築コストを低減させることが
できる。According to the first embodiment, each of the plunger configurations of the multi-stage, in this example, the two stages of the first tubular plunger constituent member 10 and the second tubular plunger constituent member 20 is configured. Since the member has a structure in which the deceleration function is sequentially and independently exhibited by the unifying means 30, the deceleration pattern can be easily analyzed and designed. or,
Since the orifices can be individually controlled in each stage of the plunger, the buffer efficiency can be improved. Further, as compared with the above-described conventional device, the axial lengths of the base cylinder 1 and the plunger constituent members of each stage can be made substantially equal, so that the overall height of the device can be made smaller, and therefore, It is possible to build a hoistway with a shallow floor (pit). Thereby, the excavation work in the construction work can be saved, and the construction cost can be reduced.

【００４１】実施の形態２．実施の形態２は、実施の形
態１に比べ、プランジャの一体化手段を油圧回路に換え
て機械的な施錠手段とした点と、これに伴なって作動油
の流路を若干変更した点とが異なる構成の装置である。
以下、これを図４乃至図６に基づいて説明する。図４は
多段油圧緩衝装置の縦断面図、図５はプランジャの一段
目の進入状態を示す縦断面図、図６はプランジャの二段
目の進入状態を示す縦断面図である。尚、これらの図４
において、図１乃至図３と同一の符号は実質的に同一又
はこれに相当するものである。Embodiment 2. The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the plunger integrated means is replaced with a hydraulic circuit to provide a mechanical locking means, and accordingly, the flow path of the hydraulic oil is slightly changed. Are devices with different configurations.
This will be described below with reference to FIGS. 4 to 6. FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the multi-stage hydraulic shock absorber, FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a first-stage entry state of the plunger, and FIG. 6 is a vertical-section view showing a second-stage entry state of the plunger. In addition, these FIG.
In FIG. 3, the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 to 3 are substantially the same or equivalent.

【００４２】図４において、先ず、ベースシリンダ１に
ついては、実施の形態１と実質的に同様の構成である
が、ベースシリンダ１の上端側外周縁６に一体化手段４
０を構成する施錠装置４１の解除手段４９が配設されて
いる点や、油圧制御棒４の下部を取り巻くように、制御
手段としての円筒状の制御板５０が設けられている点等
が異なる。制御手段としての制御板５０は、後述する第
１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０が進入してきた際に、
当該第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０の作動油タンク
１２の内周面に摺動接触して、当該内周面の軸方向に間
隔を置いて配設された連通孔としての軸方向配列連通孔
３２の一部（後述の拡大連通孔３２Ａ）を塞いで、実質
的に軸方向配列連通孔３２の総開口面積を小さくして油
圧抵抗を制御するものであり、これについては更に後述
する。図中の５２は第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０
の進入を停止させる下限ストッパであり、ベースシリン
ダ１の内周面に突設されている。尚、前記の解除手段４
９については後述する。In FIG. 4, first, the base cylinder 1 has substantially the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, but the unit 4 is integrated on the outer peripheral edge 6 on the upper end side of the base cylinder 1.
0 is provided with a releasing means 49 of the locking device 41, and a cylindrical control plate 50 as a controlling means is provided so as to surround the lower portion of the hydraulic control rod 4. . The control plate 50 as the control means, when the first cylindrical plunger component 10 described later enters,
Axial arrangement and communication as communication holes, which are in sliding contact with the inner peripheral surface of the hydraulic oil tank 12 of the first cylindrical plunger component 10 and are arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the inner peripheral surface as communication holes. A part of the holes 32 (enlarged communication holes 32A described later) is closed to substantially reduce the total opening area of the axially arranged communication holes 32 to control the hydraulic resistance, which will be described later. In the figure, 52 is the first cylindrical plunger constituent member 10.
Is a lower limit stopper for stopping the entrance of the base cylinder 1 and is provided so as to project on the inner peripheral surface of the base cylinder 1. Incidentally, the above-mentioned releasing means 4
Item 9 will be described later.

【００４３】次に、プランジャを構成する一方のプラン
ジャ構成部材としての第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１
０においては、実施の形態１の外筒状作動油タンク１２
を初期状態において空とした筒状作動油タンクとして有
する構成であり、内筒状作動油タンク１１及びその軸芯
空間１３に連通孔開閉手段３４等からなる一体化手段３
０は備えていない。この第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材
１０の上端側外周縁には、一体化手段４０としての施錠
装置４１が配設されている。この施錠装置４１について
は後述する。Next, the first cylindrical plunger constituent member 1 as one plunger constituent member constituting the plunger.
0, the outer cylindrical hydraulic oil tank 12 of the first embodiment
Is an empty cylindrical hydraulic oil tank in the initial state, and the inner cylindrical hydraulic oil tank 11 and the shaft core space 13 thereof are integrated with the integrated means 3 including a communication hole opening / closing means 34 and the like.
0 is not prepared. A locking device 41 as an integrating means 40 is disposed on the outer peripheral edge of the upper end of the first cylindrical plunger component 10. The locking device 41 will be described later.

【００４４】プランジャを構成する他方のプランジャ構
成部材としての第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材２０は、
その胴周部２１に実施の形態１における筒状空タンク２
２が形成されていない。又、実施の形態１では軸芯空間
２３に張設されていた弾性部材３７に代わる弾性部材１
９が、初期状態において空とされた筒状作動油タンク１
２内において、第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材２０の胴
周部２１の下面と第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材２０の
底面１５との間に適当数設けられている。その他の構成
は、一体化手段４０の具体的構成を別として、実施の形
態１と基本的に同じである。The second cylindrical plunger constituting member 20 as the other plunger constituting member constituting the plunger is
The cylindrical empty tank 2 according to the first embodiment is provided on the body peripheral portion 21.
2 is not formed. Further, in the first embodiment, the elastic member 1 is used instead of the elastic member 37 stretched in the shaft core space 23.
Reference numeral 9 denotes a cylindrical hydraulic oil tank 1 which is emptied in the initial state.
In 2, the appropriate number is provided between the lower surface of the body peripheral portion 21 of the first tubular plunger component 20 and the bottom surface 15 of the second tubular plunger component 20. Other configurations are basically the same as those of the first embodiment, except for the specific configuration of the integrating means 40.

【００４５】一体化手段４０は、第２の筒状プランジャ
構成部材２０が第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０に浅
く侵入（嵌合）した状態において、両構成部材の重なり
部分を貫通して通るようプランジャの直径方向に向けて
外周面側から開設された係合孔としての差込孔４２と、
この差込孔４２に抜き差し自在に挿し込まれるピン４３
と、当該ピン４３を常時差込方向に付勢する付勢手段と
しての付勢ばね４４と、ピン４３及び付勢ばね４４を作
動可能に第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材２０に装置させ
る保持部４５とで構成されており、第２の筒状プランジ
ャ構成部材２０の上端側外周に適当数装置されている。The unifying means 40 passes through the overlapping portion of the two cylindrical plunger constituent members 20 in a state where the second cylindrical plunger constituent member 20 shallowly enters (fits) into the first cylindrical plunger constituent member 10. Insertion hole 42 as an engagement hole opened from the outer peripheral surface side in the diametrical direction of the plunger,
A pin 43 that is freely inserted into and removed from the insertion hole 42
And a biasing spring 44 as a biasing means for constantly biasing the pin 43 in the insertion direction, and a holding portion for activating the pin 43 and the biasing spring 44 by the second cylindrical plunger component 20. 45, and an appropriate number of devices are provided on the outer circumference of the upper end of the second tubular plunger constituent member 20.

【００４６】解除手段４９は、上記の各施錠手段４１に
対応してベースシリンダ１の上端側外周縁６に配設され
ており、第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０の進入に伴
って降下してくる前記施錠手段４１のピン４３と接触し
て、当該ピン４３を付勢ばね４４の弾性力に抗して、差
込孔４２から引抜かせる装置であり、この例では、カム
板を解除手段４９として設置している。カム板の習い面
４８は、当該習い面４８にピン４３が接触しながら降下
するとピン４３が引抜き方向に強制摺動されるように形
成してある。The releasing means 49 is disposed on the outer peripheral edge 6 of the upper end side of the base cylinder 1 so as to correspond to each of the locking means 41 described above, and is lowered as the first cylindrical plunger constituent member 10 enters. It is a device that comes into contact with the pin 43 of the locking means 41 coming in and pulls the pin 43 out of the insertion hole 42 against the elastic force of the biasing spring 44. In this example, the cam plate is released. It is installed as 49. The learning surface 48 of the cam plate is formed so that the pin 43 is forcibly slid in the pulling-out direction when the pin 43 descends while coming into contact with the learning surface 48.

【００４７】次に、動作を説明する。初期状態（常時）
においては、図４に示すように、一体化手段４０として
の施錠装置４１のピン４３によって、プランジャを構成
する一方のプランジャ構成部材としての第１の筒状プラ
ンジャ構成部材１０と他方のプランジャ構成部材として
の第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材２０とが、浅く進入
（嵌合）された状態で固定され、一体化されている。こ
うして一体化されたプランジャは、支承手段としての弾
性部材５により、作動油２が充填されたベースシリンダ
１に浅く進入（嵌合）した状態で支承されている。Next, the operation will be described. Initial state (always)
4, the first cylindrical plunger constituent member 10 as one plunger constituent member and the other plunger constituent member constituting one plunger are constituted by the pin 43 of the locking device 41 as the integrated means 40, as shown in FIG. The second cylindrical plunger constituent member 20 is fixed and integrated in a shallowly inserted (fitted) state. The plunger thus integrated is supported by an elastic member 5 as a supporting means in a state where the plunger is shallowly inserted (fitted) into the base cylinder 1 filled with the hydraulic oil 2.

【００４８】今、何らかの異常によりエレベータかご
（非図示）が急降下して、第２の筒状プランジャ構成部
材２０の頂部に衝突すると（非常時）、第２の筒状プラ
ンジャ構成部材２０は第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１
０と一体となった状態のままで、ベースシリンダ１内に
押し下がる。Now, if an elevator car (not shown) suddenly descends due to some abnormality and collides with the top of the second cylindrical plunger constituent member 20 (in an emergency), the second cylindrical plunger constituent member 20 will move to the first position. Tubular plunger component 1
It is pushed down into the base cylinder 1 in the state of being integrated with 0.

【００４９】第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０と第２
の筒状プランジャ構成部材２０とが一体のまま、弾性部
材５の弾性力に抗して、ベースシリンダ１内に押し下が
って進入していくと、ベースシリンダ１内の作動油２は
油圧制御孔１６を通って、第１の筒状プランジャ構成部
材１０の軸芯空間１３に噴出しつつ、作動油２の油圧抵
抗が発揮される。これにより、エレベータかごの急降下
による衝撃エネルギが消散され、降下運動は緩衝されな
がら減速される。尚、この際、油圧制御棒４は下部に向
って拡大するテーパ形となっているので、第１の筒状プ
ランジャ構成部材１０が下がるのに伴って、油圧制御孔
１６との間隙における作動油２の通過可能な面積は次第
に小さくなり、要求された減衰力特性が得られる。First cylindrical plunger component 10 and second
When it is pushed down into the base cylinder 1 and enters the base cylinder 1 against the elastic force of the elastic member 5 while being integrated with the cylindrical plunger constituent member 20 of FIG. The hydraulic resistance of the hydraulic oil 2 is exerted while ejecting to the axial core space 13 of the first cylindrical plunger constituent member 10 through 16. As a result, the impact energy due to the sudden descent of the elevator car is dissipated, and the descent motion is buffered and decelerated. At this time, since the hydraulic control rod 4 has a tapered shape that expands downward, the hydraulic oil in the gap between the hydraulic control hole 16 and the first cylindrical plunger constituent member 10 is lowered. The passable area of 2 becomes smaller gradually, and the required damping force characteristic is obtained.

【００５０】他方、第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０
がベースシリンダ１内に押し下げられ、進入してくるに
従って、ベースシリンダ１から油圧制御孔１６を経て第
１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０の軸芯空間１３に流入
した作動油２は、第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０の
筒状作動油タンク１２の軸芯空間１３側に、軸方向にわ
たって開設された軸方向配列連通孔３２から流入し、第
１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０がベースシリンダ１内
に十分深く進入すると、当該筒状作動油タンク１２が作
動油２で満たされる。On the other hand, the first cylindrical plunger constituent member 10
As the oil is pushed down into the base cylinder 1 and enters, the hydraulic oil 2 flowing from the base cylinder 1 into the shaft core space 13 of the first cylindrical plunger component 10 through the hydraulic pressure control hole 16 becomes the first oil. The cylindrical plunger forming member 10 flows into the axial core space 13 side of the cylindrical hydraulic oil tank 12 through an axially arranged communication hole 32 that is opened in the axial direction, and the first cylindrical plunger forming member 10 becomes the base cylinder 1 When it enters deep enough inside, the cylindrical hydraulic oil tank 12 is filled with the hydraulic oil 2.

【００５１】この形態２では、常開連通孔としての上記
軸方向配列連通孔３２のうち、最下方側に開設された連
通孔３２を、特に、作動油２の流入を促進させるための
大きな口径をもつ拡大連通孔３２Ａとして形成してお
り、その他の連通孔３２は、第２の筒状プランジャ構成
部材２０の進入に対して油圧抵抗を生じさせる作動油２
の流出口として、即ち、オリフィス孔として機能させる
ため、その口径は拡大連通孔３２Ａの拡大された口径よ
り十分に小さい所要の口径としてある。In this mode 2, among the axially arranged communication holes 32 as the normally open communication holes, the communication hole 32 opened on the lowermost side has a large diameter especially for promoting the inflow of the hydraulic oil 2. Is formed as an enlarged communication hole 32A having a hydraulic fluid 2 which causes hydraulic resistance to the entry of the second tubular plunger component 20.
In order to function as an outflow port, that is, as an orifice hole, its diameter is a required diameter sufficiently smaller than the enlarged diameter of the enlarged communication hole 32A.

【００５２】この拡大連通孔３２Ａは、第１の筒状プラ
ンジャ構成部材１０がベースシリンダ１内に十分深く進
入し終えると、即ち、図示の例では、ベースシリンダ１
の内周面側に設けられた下限ストッパー５２まで下がる
と（図５）、拡大連通孔３２Ａをその他の連通孔３２の
口径即ち開口面積と等しくするように、相対的に摺接す
る制御手段としてベースシリンダ１の底面３に筒状に設
けられた制御板５０の外周面によって開口の一部が塞が
れて、大経口の拡大連通孔３２Ａが他の連通孔３２の口
径と同様の開口面積となるように制御される。尚、筒状
の制御板５０の筒壁を貫通して設けられた孔５１は、第
１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０がベースシリンダ１内
に十分深く進入する際に、当該第１の筒状プランジャ構
成部材１０の筒状作動油タンク１２の底面とベースシリ
ンダ１の内周面及び底面と制御板５０の外周面とに囲わ
れる作動油２を、油圧制御棒４側に逃すためのものであ
る。The enlarged communication hole 32A is provided when the first cylindrical plunger constituent member 10 has entered the base cylinder 1 sufficiently deep, that is, in the illustrated example, the base cylinder 1
When it descends to the lower limit stopper 52 provided on the inner peripheral surface side of the base plate (FIG. 5), the enlarged communication hole 32A serves as a control means for relatively sliding contact so as to make it equal to the diameter of the other communication holes 32, that is, the opening area. A part of the opening is closed by the outer peripheral surface of the control plate 50 provided in a cylindrical shape on the bottom surface 3 of the cylinder 1, and the enlarged communication hole 32A for oral administration has the same opening area as the diameters of the other communication holes 32. Controlled to be. It should be noted that the hole 51 provided through the tubular wall of the tubular control plate 50 is provided in the first tubular plunger constituent member 10 when the first tubular plunger constituent member 10 enters the base cylinder 1 sufficiently deeply. The hydraulic oil 2 surrounded by the bottom surface of the cylindrical hydraulic oil tank 12 of the plunger component 10, the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the base cylinder 1 and the outer peripheral surface of the control plate 50 is released to the hydraulic control rod 4 side. is there.

【００５３】図５に示すように、プランジャを構成する
第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０が下限ストッパー５
２までに下がる直前に、施錠装置４１のピン４３の鉤部
４３ａが、ベースシリンダ１のフランジに配設された解
除手段４９としてのカム板の習い面４８に接触すると、
プランジャの降下圧力によって鉤部４３ａが習い面４８
を滑り降る作用によって、施錠装置４１のピン４３が、
弾性部材４４の弾性力に抗して、差込孔４２から引き抜
かれる。これにより、第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１
０と第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材２０との仮固定が解
除される。As shown in FIG. 5, the first cylindrical plunger constituting member 10 constituting the plunger is the lower limit stopper 5.
Immediately before going down to 2, when the hook portion 43a of the pin 43 of the locking device 41 comes into contact with the learning surface 48 of the cam plate as the release means 49 arranged on the flange of the base cylinder 1,
Due to the downward pressure of the plunger, the hook portion 43a moves toward the learning surface 48.
By the action of sliding down, the pin 43 of the locking device 41
It is pulled out from the insertion hole 42 against the elastic force of the elastic member 44. Thereby, the first cylindrical plunger component 1
0 and the second tubular plunger constituent member 20 are temporarily fixed.

【００５４】仮固定が解除されると、第２の筒状プラン
ジャ構成部材２０は、具体的にはその胴周部２１は、第
１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０、具体的にはその筒状
作動油タンク１２に進入していく。この胴周部２１が筒
状作動油タンク１２に進入していくにしたがって、当該
胴周部２１の下面（作動油を押し下げる面）が下がって
いくため、当該筒状作動油タンク１２内の作動油２が流
出可能な連通孔３２の数が減少していき、作動油タンク
１０内の油圧抵抗は逆に高められていく。即ち、筒状作
動油タンク１２の軸芯空間１３側に軸方向への位置をず
らして開設された複数の軸方向配列連通孔３２の連通可
能な孔数の減少、即ち総開口面積の減少によって、当該
筒状作動油タンク１２中の作動油２の流出速度を、この
孔式オリフィス緩衝構造によって制御することができ
る。この外筒状作動油タンク１２中の作動油２の流出速
度の制御により、プランジャを構成する一段目即ち第１
の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０とは独立して、二段目に
相当する第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材２０において、
要求される減衰力特性を得ることができる。When the temporary fixing is released, the second tubular plunger constituting member 20, specifically, the body peripheral portion 21 thereof has the first tubular plunger constituting member 10, specifically, the tubular shape thereof. It enters the hydraulic oil tank 12. As the body peripheral portion 21 enters the cylindrical hydraulic oil tank 12, the lower surface of the body peripheral portion 21 (the surface that pushes down the hydraulic oil) lowers. The number of communication holes 32 through which the oil 2 can flow out decreases, and the hydraulic resistance in the hydraulic oil tank 10 increases conversely. That is, due to the decrease in the number of communicable holes, that is, the total opening area, of the plurality of axially arranged communication holes 32, which are opened at the axial center space 13 side of the cylindrical hydraulic oil tank 12 by shifting the positions in the axial direction. The outflow speed of the hydraulic oil 2 in the cylindrical hydraulic oil tank 12 can be controlled by the hole type orifice buffer structure. By controlling the outflow speed of the hydraulic oil 2 in the outer cylindrical hydraulic oil tank 12, the first stage, that is, the first
Independently of the cylindrical plunger constituent member 10 of the above, in the second cylindrical plunger constituent member 20 corresponding to the second stage,
The required damping force characteristic can be obtained.

【００５５】その後、異常原因が取り除かれてエレベー
タかごが上昇すると、弾性部材５の弾性力によって第１
の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０がベースシリンダ１から
上方に抜け出るように押上げられると共に、同時に弾性
部材１９の復帰ばねとしての弾性力により第２の筒状プ
ランジャ構成部材２０が第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材
１０から上方に抜け出るように押上げられる。第１及び
第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０、２０はベースシリ
ンダ１を満たす作動油２に浸かった状態であったため、
第１及び第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０、２０の上
昇に伴って、作動油２はベースシリンダ１に残されてい
く。After that, when the cause of the abnormality is removed and the elevator car rises, the elastic force of the elastic member 5 causes the first
The cylindrical plunger constituent member 10 is pushed upward so as to come out of the base cylinder 1, and at the same time, the elastic force of the elastic member 19 as a return spring causes the second cylindrical plunger constituent member 20 to move to the first cylindrical plunger. It is pushed up so as to come out upward from the component 10. Since the first and second tubular plunger constituent members 10 and 20 were immersed in the hydraulic oil 2 filling the base cylinder 1,
The hydraulic oil 2 is left in the base cylinder 1 as the first and second tubular plunger constituent members 10, 20 rise.

【００５６】この場合、第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材
２０の筒状作動油タンク１２において、第１の筒状プラ
ンジャ構成部材１０の胴周部２１の下面より下方側にお
いては、第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材２０の上昇に伴
って、筒状作動油タンク１２内が一時負圧となり、次第
に流通可能に増えていく連通孔３２から作動油２が一旦
は流入してくるが、第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０
自体のの上昇に伴って、上記連通孔３２がベースシリン
ダ１の作動油２の油面から離れた段階で、逆に、連通孔
３２から軸芯空間１３を経てベースシリンダ１内に流下
する。他方、第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０の胴周
部２１の下面より上方側においては、流入していた作動
油２は、当該胴周部２１の上昇に伴って、筒状作動油タ
ンク１２の連通孔３２或いは上端側の開放部分から軸芯
空間１３を経てベースシリンダ１内に流下する。こうし
て、筒状作動油タンク１２は空となる。In this case, in the tubular hydraulic oil tank 12 of the second tubular plunger constituting member 20, below the lower surface of the body peripheral portion 21 of the first tubular plunger constituting member 10 is the second tubular portion. The hydraulic oil 2 temporarily flows into the cylindrical hydraulic oil tank 12 as the cylindrical plunger component 20 rises, and the hydraulic oil 2 temporarily flows in from the communication holes 32 that gradually increase in flowability. Cylindrical plunger component 10
When the communication hole 32 separates from the oil surface of the hydraulic oil 2 of the base cylinder 1 with the rise of itself, conversely, it flows down from the communication hole 32 into the base cylinder 1 through the shaft core space 13. On the other hand, on the upper side of the lower surface of the body peripheral portion 21 of the first tubular plunger constituent member 10, the hydraulic oil 2 that has flowed in is tubular hydraulic oil tank 12 as the body peripheral portion 21 rises. Through the communication hole 32 or the open portion on the upper end side through the shaft core space 13 into the base cylinder 1. In this way, the cylindrical hydraulic oil tank 12 becomes empty.

【００５７】第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材２０に対す
る第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０の上昇に伴って、
施錠装置４１のピン４３は、付勢ばね４４の弾性力によ
り、プランジャの軸芯方向に押されながら、第１の筒状
プランジャ構成部材１０の外周面に摺接しながら、第１
の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０の差込孔４２が到達して
くるのを待ち、差込孔４２が達した段階で、当該差込孔
４２に侵入する。こうして、再び、第１の筒状プランジ
ャ構成部材１０と第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材２０と
が仮固定されて一体化し、この多段油圧緩衝装置は図４
に示す元の状態に復帰する。As the first cylindrical plunger constituent member 10 rises with respect to the first cylindrical plunger constituent member 20,
The pin 43 of the locking device 41 is pushed by the elastic force of the urging spring 44 in the axial direction of the plunger and is in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface of the first cylindrical plunger component 10 while
Waiting for the insertion hole 42 of the cylindrical plunger constituent member 10 to arrive, and when the insertion hole 42 reaches, it enters the insertion hole 42. In this way, again, the first cylindrical plunger constituent member 10 and the second cylindrical plunger constituent member 20 are temporarily fixed and integrated, and this multistage hydraulic shock absorber is shown in FIG.
It returns to the original state shown in.

【００５８】この実施の形態２は、上記実施の形態１と
同様の作用効果を奏すると共に、一体化手段４０として
プランジャに外付けされる施錠装置４１を設けたので、
実施の形態１に比べて油圧流路を簡素化することができ
る。The second embodiment has the same effects as those of the first embodiment, and has the locking device 41 externally attached to the plunger as the integrated means 40.
The hydraulic flow path can be simplified as compared with the first embodiment.

【００５９】実施の形態３．図７に示す実施の形態３
は、上記実施の形態２と次の構成が異なり、他は同様の
構成としたものである。異なる構成は、ベースシリンダ
１に設置された油圧制御棒４に換えて、筒壁に多数の貫
通孔６１が設けられた油圧制御筒６０を設置した点や、
第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０の胴周部に設けられ
た筒状作動油タンク１２の内周面を、前記の油圧制御筒
６０の外周面に摺接させ、当該油圧制御筒６０の多数の
貫通孔６１の一部を塞ぎ他を開通状態のままとする摺接
内周面６２等を設けた点にある。Third Embodiment Embodiment 3 shown in FIG.
The second embodiment is different from the second embodiment in the following structure, and has the same structure as the others. A different configuration is that instead of the hydraulic control rod 4 installed in the base cylinder 1, a hydraulic control cylinder 60 having a large number of through holes 61 in the cylinder wall is installed.
The inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical hydraulic oil tank 12 provided in the body peripheral portion of the first cylindrical plunger constituent member 10 is brought into sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface of the hydraulic control cylinder 60, and a large number of the hydraulic control cylinders 60 are provided. The point is that the sliding contact inner peripheral surface 62 and the like are provided to close a part of the through hole 61 and leave the other in an open state.

【００６０】以下、実施の形態３を図７乃至図１０に基
づいて説明する。図７は多段油圧緩衝装置の縦断面図、
図８は筒状作動油タンク内周面の拡大斜視図、図９はプ
ランジャの一段目の進入状態を示す縦断面図、図１０は
プランジャの二段目の進入状態を示す縦断面図である。
尚、図１乃至図６と同一の符号は同一又は同等の内容の
ものである。The third embodiment will be described below with reference to FIGS. 7 to 10. FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional view of a multi-stage hydraulic shock absorber,
8 is an enlarged perspective view of the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical hydraulic oil tank, FIG. 9 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the first stage of the plunger in the entry state, and FIG. 10 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the second stage of the plunger in the entry state. .
The same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 to 6 denote the same or equivalent contents.

【００６１】図７において、６０は油圧制御筒であり、
円筒状の筒壁に多数の貫通孔６１が設けられている。他
方、第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０の胴周部として
の筒状作動油タンク１２の内周面は、当該第１の筒状プ
ランジャ構成部材１０がベースシリンダ１に進入する際
に、前記油圧制御筒６０の外周面と摺接する内周面６２
に形成し、更に、当該内周面６２には、軸方向に長くて
面積の広い連通窓６３を開設してある。In FIG. 7, reference numeral 60 is a hydraulic control cylinder,
A large number of through holes 61 are provided in a cylindrical wall. On the other hand, the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical hydraulic oil tank 12 as the body peripheral portion of the first cylindrical plunger constituent member 10 has the above-mentioned structure when the first cylindrical plunger constituent member 10 enters the base cylinder 1. An inner peripheral surface 62 that is in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface of the hydraulic control cylinder 60.
Further, a communication window 63 which is long in the axial direction and has a large area is provided on the inner peripheral surface 62.

【００６２】次に、動作を説明する。初期状態において
は、図７に示すように、第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材
１０と第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材２０とは、一体化
手段４０としての施錠装置４１のピン４３によって、一
体的に仮固定されている。今、何らかの異常によりエレ
ベータかご（非図示）が、第２の筒状プランジャ構成部
材２０の頂部に衝突すると、図９に示すように、当該第
２の筒状プランジャ構成部材２０と第１の筒状プランジ
ャ構成部材１０とは一体となってベースシリンダ１内に
押し下げられる。Next, the operation will be described. In the initial state, as shown in FIG. 7, the first tubular plunger constituting member 10 and the second tubular plunger constituting member 20 are integrated by the pin 43 of the locking device 41 as the integrating means 40. Is temporarily fixed to. Now, if an elevator car (not shown) collides with the top of the second cylindrical plunger constituent member 20 due to some abnormality, as shown in FIG. 9, the second cylindrical plunger constituent member 20 and the first cylindrical cylinder constituent member 20. It is pushed down into the base cylinder 1 as a unit with the planar plunger component 10.

【００６３】第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０が押し
下がると、ベースシリンダ１の内周面と油圧制御筒６０
の外周面との間の環状空間５３内に、第１の筒状プラン
ジャ構成部材１０の筒状作動油タンク１２が進入し、当
該第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０の内周面６２が油
圧制御筒６０の外周面に摺接しつつ、当該内周面６２に
よって油圧制御筒６０の軸方向に間隔を置いて列設され
た多数の連通孔６１（実施の形態２の軸方向列設連通孔
３２に相当）の一部が次第に塞がれていく一方で、その
他の少なくない数の連通孔６１が連通窓６３によって開
放されたままとなるため、ベースシリンダ１の環状空間
５３内の作動油２が、開放されている連通穴６１から油
圧制御筒６０内に噴出する。When the first cylindrical plunger constituent member 10 is pushed down, the inner peripheral surface of the base cylinder 1 and the hydraulic control cylinder 60.
The tubular hydraulic oil tank 12 of the first tubular plunger component 10 enters the annular space 53 between the outer peripheral surface of the first tubular plunger component 10 and the inner peripheral surface 62 of the first tubular plunger component 10. A large number of communication holes 61, which are slidably contacting the outer peripheral surface of the control cylinder 60 and are arranged in the axial direction of the hydraulic control cylinder 60 at intervals by the inner peripheral surface 62 (axial direction communication holes of the second embodiment). (Corresponding to 32) is gradually closed, while a large number of other communication holes 61 are left open by the communication window 63, so that the hydraulic oil in the annular space 53 of the base cylinder 1 is kept open. 2 spouts into the hydraulic control cylinder 60 from the open communication hole 61.

【００６４】環状空間５３内の作動油２が連通穴６１か
ら油圧制御筒６０内へと噴出するとき、環状空間５３か
らの作動油２の流出速度は、流通可能な連通孔６１の総
開口面積によるが、この総開口面積は、筒状作動油タン
ク１２の降下に伴って、作動油２が流通可能な連通孔６
１の数が次第に減少していくので、次第に小さくなる。
こうして孔式オリフィス緩衝構造が実現できるので、要
求された減衰力特性を得ることができる。When the hydraulic oil 2 in the annular space 53 is jetted from the communication hole 61 into the hydraulic control cylinder 60, the outflow speed of the hydraulic oil 2 from the annular space 53 is determined by the total opening area of the communication holes 61 which can flow. The total opening area depends on the communication hole 6 through which the hydraulic oil 2 can flow as the cylindrical hydraulic oil tank 12 descends.
As the number of 1s decreases gradually, it becomes smaller.
Since the hole-type orifice cushioning structure can be realized in this manner, the required damping force characteristics can be obtained.

【００６５】環状空間５３から連通穴６１を経て筒内へ
噴出した作動油２、及び、当初から油圧制御筒６０内を
満たしていた作動油２は、第１の筒状プランジャ構成部
材１０の筒状作動油タンク１２の進入に伴って若干上昇
するものの、進入してくる第１の筒状プランジャ構成部
材１０の軸芯空間１３に流入し、更に連通窓６３から空
の筒状作動油タンク１２内へと流入する。図９におい
て、こうして第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０が下限
ストッパー５２まで下がった段階では、筒状作動油タン
ク１２内は作動油２で満されると共に、油圧制御筒６０
の外周面が筒状作動油タンク１２の内周面６２で覆わ
れ、当該内周面６２の連通窓６３と重なって、当該窓６
３に臨む位置の複数の連通孔６１が新たな多孔オリフィ
スとして機能する。The hydraulic oil 2 ejected from the annular space 53 into the cylinder through the communication hole 61 and the hydraulic oil 2 which has filled the hydraulic control cylinder 60 from the beginning are the cylinders of the first cylindrical plunger constituent member 10. Although it slightly rises with the entry of the cylindrical hydraulic oil tank 12, the cylindrical hydraulic oil tank 12 flows into the axial center space 13 of the entering first cylindrical plunger constituent member 10 and further through the communication window 63. Flows in. In FIG. 9, when the first tubular plunger constituent member 10 is lowered to the lower limit stopper 52 in this way, the tubular hydraulic oil tank 12 is filled with the hydraulic oil 2 and the hydraulic control cylinder 60.
Is covered with the inner peripheral surface 62 of the cylindrical hydraulic oil tank 12, and overlaps with the communication window 63 of the inner peripheral surface 62.
The plurality of communication holes 61 at positions facing 3 function as new porous orifices.

【００６６】第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０が下限
ストッパー５２まで下がる直前には、実施の形態２と同
様に、一体化手段４０としての施錠装置４１のピン４３
が解錠装置４９としてのカム板に接触して、係合孔とし
ての差込孔４２から抜けるので、図１０に示すように、
プランジャを構成する一体化されていた一方のプランジ
ャ構成部材としての第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０
と他方のプランジャ構成部材としての第２の筒状プラン
ジャ構成部材２０との互いの固定が解除されて、第２の
筒状プランジャ構成部材２０が下降する。Immediately before the first cylindrical plunger constituent member 10 moves down to the lower limit stopper 52, the pin 43 of the locking device 41 as the integrated means 40 is used as in the second embodiment.
Comes into contact with the cam plate serving as the unlocking device 49 and comes out of the insertion hole 42 serving as the engaging hole, so that as shown in FIG.
First cylindrical plunger component 10 as one integrated plunger component that constitutes the plunger
And the second cylindrical plunger constituting member 20 as the other plunger constituting member is released from mutual fixation, and the second cylindrical plunger constituting member 20 descends.

【００６７】第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材２０の胴周
部２１が下降するに伴い、筒状作動油タンク１２から作
動油２が流通可能な連通孔６１の数が次第に減少してい
く。ここで筒状作動油タンク１２内の作動油２の流出速
度は、流通可能な連通孔６１の総開口面積で制御でき
る。こうして多孔式オリフィス緩衝構造を実現すること
ができるので、二段目として第２の筒状プランジャ構成
部材２０においても、要求される減衰力特性を得ること
ができる。As the body peripheral portion 21 of the second cylindrical plunger constituent member 20 descends, the number of communication holes 61 through which the hydraulic oil 2 can flow from the cylindrical hydraulic oil tank 12 gradually decreases. Here, the outflow speed of the hydraulic oil 2 in the cylindrical hydraulic oil tank 12 can be controlled by the total opening area of the communication holes 61 which can flow. Since the porous orifice cushioning structure can be realized in this manner, the required damping force characteristics can be obtained even in the second cylindrical plunger constituent member 20 as the second stage.

【００６８】その後、異常原因が取り除かれてエレベー
タかごが上昇すると、実施の形態１や２で説明したのと
略同様の経過を経て、このエレベータ用多段油圧緩衝装
置は元の状態に回復する。After that, when the cause of the abnormality is removed and the elevator car rises, the elevator multistage hydraulic shock absorber is restored to the original state after substantially the same process as described in the first and second embodiments.

【００６９】この実施の形態３によっても、上記実施の
形態１や２と同様の作用効果を発揮することができる。According to the third embodiment as well, it is possible to achieve the same effects as those of the first and second embodiments.

【００７０】実施の形態４．実施の形態４は、実施の形
態３のプランジャの一段目の第１の筒状プランジャ構成
部材１０と二段目の第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材２０
との間に、当該第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０と実
質的に同じ構成で、当該第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材
１０を相似的に小型化した筒状プランジャ構成部材１０
Ａを軸方向に摺動可能に追加してプランジャを三段構成
としたものである。これを図１１に示す。図１乃至図１
０の符号と同じ符号は同一若しくは実質的に同一のもの
である。Fourth Embodiment In the fourth embodiment, the first cylindrical plunger constituent member 10 in the first stage and the second cylindrical plunger constituent member 20 in the second stage of the plunger of the third embodiment.
Between the first cylindrical plunger constituent member 10 and the first cylindrical plunger constituent member 10, and the first cylindrical plunger constituent member 10 is reduced in size in a similar manner.
A is added so as to be slidable in the axial direction, and the plunger has a three-stage configuration. This is shown in FIG. 1 to 1
The same reference numerals as 0 are the same or substantially the same.

【００７１】図１１において、二段目のプランジャ構成
部材としての筒状プランジャ構成部材１０Ａは、一段目
の第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材１０を実質的には相似
的に小型化した構成であるが、第１の筒状プランジャ構
成部材１０の上端側周縁に解錠装置４９が配設されてい
る点が、上記実施の形態３の第１の筒状プランジャ構成
部材１０と異なる。In FIG. 11, a cylindrical plunger constituent member 10A as a second-stage plunger constituent member is substantially the same as the first-stage first cylindrical plunger constituent member 10 in size. However, the unlocking device 49 is arranged at the upper end side peripheral edge of the first cylindrical plunger constituent member 10, which is different from the first cylindrical plunger constituent member 10 of the third embodiment.

【００７２】この実施の形態４によれば、追加される筒
状プランジャ構成部材１０Ａの施錠装置４１に応じて、
追加された筒状プランジャ構成部材１０Ａが進入する筒
状プランジャ構成部材１０に解錠装置４９を適宜配設す
ることで、この三段構成に限らず、更に、筒状プランジ
ャ構成部材１０Ｂ、１０Ｃ・・・（非図示）として、追
加することができ、三段以上のプランジャを構成するこ
とができる。According to the fourth embodiment, according to the locking device 41 of the additional cylindrical plunger constituent member 10A,
By appropriately disposing the unlocking device 49 in the tubular plunger constituent member 10 into which the added cylindrical plunger constituent member 10A enters, the present invention is not limited to this three-stage configuration, and further, the cylindrical plunger constituent members 10B, 10C ,. .. (not shown) can be added, and a plunger having three or more stages can be configured.

【００７３】又、この場合、筒状プランジャ構成部材１
０Ａの筒状作動油タンク１２の内周面６２は、ベースシ
リンダ１の油圧制御筒６０に先に嵌合している第１の筒
状プランジャ構成部材１０の筒状作動油タンク１２の外
周面に摺接しながら進入していくよう内径が大きく形成
され、追加された筒状プランジャ構成部材１０Ａの連通
窓６３Ａは筒状プランジャ構成部材１０の連通窓６３よ
り小さく形成されているので、筒状プランジャ構成部材
１０Ａが降下するに伴って、先の連通窓６３と重なって
油圧制御筒６０の連通可能な連通孔６１の数が更に減少
される。従って、この筒状プランジャ構成部材１０Ａの
段が進入（作動）する際においても、所望のオリフィス
効果を発揮させる構成とすることができる。、このよう
に、この実施の形態４によれば、３段以上のプランジャ
構成部材から成るプランジャを備えた多段油圧緩衝装置
においても、各段毎にオリフィス効果を発揮させること
ができる。In this case, the cylindrical plunger component 1
The inner peripheral surface 62 of the cylindrical hydraulic oil tank 12 of 0 A is the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical hydraulic oil tank 12 of the first cylindrical plunger constituent member 10 that is fitted into the hydraulic control cylinder 60 of the base cylinder 1 first. Since the communication window 63A of the added cylindrical plunger constituent member 10A is formed smaller than the communication window 63 of the cylindrical plunger constituent member 10, the inner diameter of the cylindrical plunger constituent member 10A is increased so as to enter the cylindrical plunger constituent member 10A. As the constituent member 10A descends, the number of communication holes 61 that are communicable with each other and overlap the communication window 63 and that can communicate with the hydraulic control cylinder 60 is further reduced. Therefore, even when the step of the cylindrical plunger constituent member 10A enters (operates), a desired orifice effect can be exerted. As described above, according to the fourth embodiment, even in a multi-stage hydraulic shock absorber including a plunger including three or more stages of plunger constituent members, the orifice effect can be exhibited at each stage.

【００７４】尚、上記実施の形態１乃至４では、各段プ
ランジャ構成部材を一体的に仮固定する一体化手段とし
て、油圧回路や施錠装置及び解除手段を用いて構成した
が、これに限定されるものではなく、電磁石等を用いて
適宜構成してもよい。又、本発明に係る多段油圧緩衝装
置は、エレベータ用に限らず、広く他の用途に用いるこ
とができる。In the first to fourth embodiments described above, the hydraulic circuit, the locking device and the releasing means are used as the integrated means for temporarily temporarily fixing the respective step plunger constituent members, but the present invention is not limited to this. It is not limited to this, and may be appropriately configured by using an electromagnet or the like. Further, the multistage hydraulic shock absorber according to the present invention can be widely used not only for elevators but also for other purposes.

【００７５】[0075]

【発明の効果】本発明によれば、プランジャを構成する
各プランジャ構成部材の軸方向の長さとベースシリンダ
の軸方向長さとを略等しくすることができるので、装置
全体の長さ（高さ）が短くなり、装置を小型化すること
ができる。又、これにより、従来に比べて昇降路の床部
を浅くすることができるので、昇降路の構築コストを低
減させることができる。According to the present invention, since the axial length of each plunger constituting member constituting the plunger and the axial length of the base cylinder can be made substantially equal to each other, the length (height) of the entire device can be improved. Can be shortened and the device can be downsized. Further, as a result, the floor of the hoistway can be made shallower than in the conventional case, so that the construction cost of the hoistway can be reduced.

【００７６】又、本発明によれば、一体化手段を用い
て、プランジャを構成する各段のプランジャ構成部材を
各々独立させて、各段のプランジャ構成部材を独自にオ
リフィス制御機能を備えた構成としたので、各段の減速
動きが簡単となり、所望のオリフィス効果を発揮させる
ように設計することが容易となって、プランジャを構成
する各段のプランジャ構成部材毎のオリフィスを制御し
易く、緩衝効率に優れ、設計し易い、小型の多段油圧緩
衝装置を提供することができる。Further, according to the present invention, by using the unifying means, the plunger constituent members of the respective stages constituting the plunger are made independent of each other, and the plunger constituent members of the respective stages are independently provided with the orifice control function. Therefore, the deceleration movement of each stage becomes simple, and it is easy to design so as to exert the desired orifice effect, and it is easy to control the orifice for each plunger constituent member of each stage constituting the plunger, and It is possible to provide a compact multi-stage hydraulic shock absorber that is highly efficient and easy to design.

【００７７】又、本発明によれば、異常発生による作動
後に自動復帰することができる。Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to automatically return after the operation due to the occurrence of the abnormality.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図１】 実施の形態１の多段油圧緩衝装置の縦断面図
である。FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a multi-stage hydraulic shock absorber according to a first embodiment.

【図２】 実施の形態１のプランジャの一段目の進入状
態を示す縦断面図である。FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a state where the plunger of the first embodiment is in a first stage.

【図３】 実施の形態１のプランジャの二段目の進入状
態を示す縦断面図である。FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a second stage entry state of the plunger of the first embodiment.

【図４】 実施の形態２の多段油圧緩衝装置の縦断面図
である。FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view of a multistage hydraulic shock absorber according to a second embodiment.

【図５】 実施の形態２のプランジャの一段目の進入状
態を示す縦断面図である。FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a state where a plunger of the second embodiment is in a first stage.

【図６】 実施の形態２のプランジャの二段目の進入状
態を示す縦断面図である。FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a second stage entry state of the plunger of the second embodiment.

【図７】 実施の形態３の多段油圧緩衝装置の縦断面図
である。FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional view of a multi-stage hydraulic shock absorber according to a third embodiment.

【図８】 内筒作動油タンクの内周面の斜視図である。FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an inner peripheral surface of an inner cylinder hydraulic oil tank.

【図９】 実施の形態３のプランジャの一段目の進入状
態を示す縦断面図である。FIG. 9 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a state where the plunger of the third embodiment is in a first stage.

【図１０】 実施の形態３のプランジャの二段目の進入
状態を示す縦断面図である。FIG. 10 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a second-stage entry state of the plunger of the third embodiment.

【図１１】 実施の形態４の多段油圧緩衝装置の縦断面
図である。FIG. 11 is a vertical sectional view of a multistage hydraulic shock absorber according to a fourth embodiment.

【図１２】 従来の多段油圧緩衝装置の縦断面図であ
る。FIG. 12 is a vertical sectional view of a conventional multistage hydraulic shock absorber.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

１ ベースシリンダ、２ 作動油、４ 油圧制御棒、５
弾性部材（支承手段）、１０ 第１の筒状プランジャ
構成部材（筒状プランジャ構成部材）、１１筒状作動油
タンク（内）、１２ 筒状作動油タンク、１３ 軸芯空
間（第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材）、１６ 油圧制御
孔、２０ 第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材（筒状プラン
ジャ構成部材）、２１ 胴周部、２２ 筒状作動油タン
ク、２３ 軸芯空間（第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材）
３０ 一体化手段（油圧回路）、３１ 開閉弁、３２
軸方向配列連通孔（常開連通孔）、３３ 周方向配列連
通孔（連通孔）、３４ 連通孔開閉手段、３５ 作動油
通路（常開油路手段）、４０ 一体化手段（施錠装
置）、４１ 施錠装置、４９ 解錠装置、５３ 環状空
間。1 base cylinder, 2 hydraulic oil, 4 hydraulic control rod, 5
Elastic member (supporting means), 10 First cylindrical plunger constituent member (cylindrical plunger constituent member), 11 Cylindrical hydraulic oil tank (inside), 12 Cylindrical hydraulic oil tank, 13 Shaft core space (first cylinder) Shaped plunger constituent member), 16 hydraulic control hole, 20 second cylindrical plunger constituent member (cylindrical plunger constituent member), 21 body circumference portion, 22 cylindrical hydraulic oil tank, 23 axial center space (second cylindrical shape) Plunger component)
30 integrated means (hydraulic circuit), 31 on-off valve, 32
Axial direction communication hole (normally open communication hole), 33 Circumferential direction communication hole (communication hole), 34 Communication hole opening / closing means, 35 Hydraulic oil passage (normally open oil passage means), 40 Integrated means (locking device), 41 locking device, 49 unlocking device, 53 annular space.

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 渡辺 誠治 東京都千代田区丸の内二丁目２番３号 三 菱電機株式会社内 Ｆターム(参考） 3F304 DA62    ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Seiji Watanabe             2-3 2-3 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo             Inside Ryo Electric Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 3F304 DA62

Claims (8)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項１】 作動油が充填されたベースシリンダと、
当該ベースシリンダに進入する順次小径に形成されて軸
方向に摺動可能に嵌合された複数の筒状プランジャ構成
部材からなるプランジャとを備えた多段油圧緩衝装置に
おいて、 前記各筒状プランジャ構成部材は、先ずベースシリンダ
に最大径の筒状プランジャ構成部材が進入し、以下、先
に進入した筒状プランジャ構成部材に次の筒状プランジ
ャ構成部材が順に進入し、各筒状プランジャ構成部材が
進入する度に作動油の油圧抵抗を受けるように、隣合う
筒状プランジャ構成部材を互いに摺動不能に仮に固定す
ると共に、仮固定された一方の筒状プランジャ構成部材
が進入すると仮固定が解除される一体化手段を備えたこ
とを特徴とする多段油圧緩衝装置。1. A base cylinder filled with hydraulic oil,
A multi-stage hydraulic shock absorber comprising a plurality of cylindrical plunger constituent members that are formed into successively smaller diameters and are fitted into the base cylinder so as to be slidable in the axial direction. First, the cylindrical plunger constituent member with the maximum diameter first enters the base cylinder, and then the next cylindrical plunger constituent member sequentially enters the cylindrical plunger constituent member that has previously entered, and each cylindrical plunger constituent member enters. Each time, the adjacent tubular plunger constituent members are temporarily fixed so that they cannot slide with each other so as to receive the hydraulic resistance of the hydraulic oil, and when the temporarily fixed one cylindrical plunger constituent member enters, the temporary fixing is released. A multi-stage hydraulic shock absorber, comprising: 【請求項２】 一体化手段は、隣合う筒状プランジャ構
成部材の摺動を阻止する施錠装置であり、一体化された
一方の筒状プランジャ構成部材が進入すると解除手段に
接触して解除されることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の
多段油圧緩衝装置。2. The unifying means is a locking device for preventing sliding of adjacent cylindrical plunger constituent members, and when one integrated cylindrical plunger constituent member enters, it comes into contact with the releasing means and is released. The multi-stage hydraulic shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein: 【請求項３】 筒状プランジャ構成部材は、隣合う筒状
プランジャ構成部材を仮に固定化する一体化手段を備
え、各一体化手段は、作動油の油圧回路で構成されたこ
とを特徴とする請求項１に記載の多段油圧緩衝装置。3. A cylindrical plunger constituent member is provided with an unifying means for temporarily fixing the adjacent cylindrical plunger constituent members, and each unifying means is constituted by a hydraulic circuit for hydraulic oil. The multi-stage hydraulic shock absorber according to claim 1. 【請求項４】 各筒状プランジャ構成部材は、筒の胴周
部が筒状作動油タンクであり、先に進入するプランジャ
構成部材の筒状作動油タンクに次の相似的に小型のプラ
ンジャ構成部材の筒状作動油タンクを順に進入させるこ
とを特徴とする請求項１乃至請求項３の何れかに記載の
多段油圧緩衝装置。4. The cylindrical plunger constituent member is a cylindrical hydraulic oil tank having a cylindrical peripheral portion of a cylinder, and is similar to the cylindrical hydraulic oil tank of the plunger constituent member that is inserted first and has a similar compact plunger structure as follows. The multistage hydraulic shock absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the tubular hydraulic oil tanks of the members are sequentially introduced. 【請求項５】 最後に進入する筒状プランジャ構成部材
は、胴周部に筒状作動油タンクを有しないことを特徴と
する請求項１乃至請求項４の何れかに記載の多段油圧緩
衝装置。5. The multistage hydraulic shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein the cylindrical plunger constituent member that finally enters does not have a cylindrical hydraulic oil tank in the body peripheral portion. . 【請求項６】 上部から下部に向って次第に径が拡大さ
れた油圧制御棒を軸芯に有すると共に作動油が充填され
た上端開放で有底のベースシリンダと、 前記ベースシリンダの上端開放側から当該ベースシリン
ダの軸方向に摺動可能に浅く嵌合され、深く進入する際
に前記油圧制御棒が相対的に侵入する油圧制御孔を底に
有すると共に、内周面に沿って内径方向に二重に設けら
れ作動油が充填された内外二つの筒状作動油タンクと上
端開放の軸芯空間とを同軸的に有する第１の筒状プラン
ジャ構成部材、及び当該第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材
の上端開放側から当該第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材の
外筒状作動油タンクに摺動可能に浅く嵌合された胴周部
を有する上端閉鎖の第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材とを
備えたプランジャと、 前記ベースシリンダの作動油が充填された内部と第１の
筒状プランジャ構成部材の外筒状作動油タンクとを連通
可能に閉鎖する開閉弁と、当該第１の筒状プランジャ構
成部材の外筒状作動油タンクと内筒状作動油タンクとを
仕切る隔壁に軸方向にわたって適当間隔を置いて開設さ
れた常開連通孔と、当該第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材
の外筒状作動油タンクと軸芯空間とを仕切る隔壁に周方
向に適当間隔をおいて開設された連通孔と、当該連通孔
を非常時には閉鎖する位置にあって当該第１の筒状プラ
ンジャ構成部材の軸芯空間の軸方向に摺動可能に配設さ
れた連通孔開閉手段とから成り、 前記内外の筒状作動油タンクに作動油が封入された状態
で第１と第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材を互いに摺動不
能に仮に固定する一体化手段と、 前記連通孔開閉手段によって軸方向に隔てられた第１の
筒状プランジャ構成部材の軸芯空間と第２の筒状プラン
ジャ構成部材の軸芯空間とを常時連通させる常開油路手
段と、 常時には第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材をベースシリン
ダに浅い嵌合状態に支える支承手段とを備えたことを特
徴とする多段油圧緩衝装置。6. A base cylinder, which has a hydraulic control rod whose diameter gradually increases from the upper part to the lower part, has a shaft core, and is open at the upper end and has a bottom, and from the upper end opening side of the base cylinder. The base cylinder is fitted so as to be slidable in the axial direction so as to be shallow, and has a hydraulic control hole at the bottom into which the hydraulic control rod relatively enters when entering deeply. A first cylindrical plunger constituent member coaxially having two inner and outer cylindrical hydraulic oil tanks that are heavy and filled with hydraulic oil, and an axial center space with an open upper end, and the first cylindrical plunger constituent member An upper closed second tubular plunger component having a body peripheral portion slidably fitted to the outer tubular hydraulic oil tank of the first tubular plunger component from the upper end open side of the first tubular plunger component. Plunger and the base An on-off valve that closes the inside filled with hydraulic oil of the Linda and the outer cylindrical hydraulic oil tank of the first cylindrical plunger constituent member so that they can communicate with each other, and the outer cylindrical actuation of the first cylindrical plunger constituent member. A normally open communication hole that is opened in the partition wall that separates the oil tank and the inner cylindrical hydraulic oil tank at appropriate intervals in the axial direction, and the outer cylindrical hydraulic oil tank and the shaft core of the first cylindrical plunger constituent member. A communication hole that is opened in the partition wall that separates the space at an appropriate interval in the circumferential direction, and a communication hole that is located at a position that closes the communication hole in an emergency. And a communication hole opening / closing means slidably arranged, wherein the first and second tubular plunger constituent members are made non-slidingable with each other in a state where hydraulic oil is filled in the inner and outer tubular hydraulic oil tanks. Temporarily fixing the integrated means and the communication hole opening / closing hand A normally open oil passage means for constantly communicating the axial center space of the first cylindrical plunger constituting member and the axial center space of the second cylindrical plunger constituting member, which are axially separated by the step, and the normally second oil passage means. A multi-stage hydraulic shock absorber, comprising: a support means for supporting a cylindrical plunger constituent member on a base cylinder in a shallow fitting state. 【請求項７】 上部から下部に向って次第に径が拡大さ
れた油圧制御棒を軸芯に有すると共に作動油が充填され
た上端開放で有底のベースシリンダと、 前記ベースシリンダの上端開放側から当該ベースシリン
ダの軸方向に摺動可能に浅く嵌合され、深く進入する際
に前記油圧制御棒が相対的に侵入する油圧制御孔を底に
有すると共に、胴周部に設けられた作動油が充填されて
いない筒状作動油タンクと上端開放の軸芯空間とを同軸
的に有する第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材、及び当該第
１の筒状プランジャ構成部材の上端開放側から当該第１
の筒状プランジャ構成部材の筒状作動油タンクに摺動可
能に浅く嵌合された胴周部を有する上端閉鎖の第２の筒
状プランジャ構成部材とを備えたプランジャと、 非常時には第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材に第１の筒状
プランジャ構成部材を浅い嵌合状態で仮に固定する一体
化手段と、 常時には第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材をベースシリン
ダに浅い嵌合状態に支える支承手段と、 非常時に、第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材がベースシリ
ンダに進入していく際に、ベースシリンダから第１の筒
状プランジャ構成部材の軸芯空間に流入した作動油を当
該第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材の筒状作動油タンクに
流入させるため当該筒状作動油タンクに筒体の軸方向に
適当数設けられた常開連通孔と、 第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材が第１の筒状プランジャ
構成部材に進入した際に、前記一体化手段による第１の
筒状プランジャ構成部材と第２の筒状プランジャ構成部
材との仮固定を解除する解除手段とを備えたことを特徴
とする多段油圧緩衝装置。7. A base cylinder, which has a hydraulic control rod whose diameter gradually increases from the upper part to the lower part, and which has a bottom end and is open at the upper end and filled with hydraulic oil. From the upper end opening side of the base cylinder. The base cylinder is slidably fitted in a slidable direction in a shallow direction, and has a hydraulic control hole at the bottom into which the hydraulic control rod relatively enters when entering deeply. A first cylindrical plunger constituent member that coaxially has an unfilled cylindrical hydraulic oil tank and an axial core space whose upper end is open, and the first cylindrical plunger constituent member from the upper end opening side to the first.
And a second cylindrical plunger component having a closed upper end having a body peripheral portion that is slidably and slidably fitted into the tubular hydraulic oil tank of the tubular plunger component, and a second plunger in an emergency. Unifying means for temporarily fixing the first cylindrical plunger constituent member to the cylindrical plunger constituent member in a shallow fitting state, and supporting means for always supporting the second cylindrical plunger constituent member in the shallow fitting state on the base cylinder. In an emergency, when the first cylindrical plunger constituent member enters the base cylinder, the hydraulic oil flowing from the base cylinder into the axial center space of the first cylindrical plunger constituent member is transferred to the first cylinder. A normally open communication hole provided in the tubular hydraulic oil tank in an appropriate number in the axial direction of the tubular body so as to flow into the tubular hydraulic oil tank of the tubular plunger component, and the second tubular plunger component is the first Tubular plastic And a releasing means for releasing the provisional fixing of the first cylindrical plunger constituting member and the second cylindrical plunger constituting member by the integrating means when entering the plunger forming member. Hydraulic shock absorber. 【請求項８】 筒壁を貫通する多数の連通孔が設けられ
た油圧制御筒を軸芯に同軸で有すると共に作動油が充填
された上端部開放で有底のベースシリンダと、 前記ベースシリンダの上端部側から当該ベースシリンダ
の内周面と前記油圧制御筒との間の環状空間に摺動可能
に浅く嵌合され、深く進入する際に前記油圧制御筒の外
周面に摺接して、油圧制御筒の多数の貫通孔の一部を塞
ぎ他を開通状態のままとする摺接壁面を有する作動油が
充填されていない上端部開放の筒状作動油タンクを胴周
部として有する第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材、及び前
記第１の筒状プランジャ構成部材の上端部側から筒状作
動油タンクに摺動可能に浅く嵌合された胴周部を有する
第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材とを備えたプランジャ
と、 常時には第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材に第１の筒状プ
ランジャ構成部材を浅い嵌合状態で仮固定する一体化手
段と、 常時には第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材をベースシリン
ダに浅い嵌合状態に支える支承手段と、 第２の筒状プランジャ構成部材が第１の筒状プランジャ
構成部材に進入した際に、前記一体化手段による第１の
筒状プランジャ構成部材と第２の筒状プランジャ構成部
材との仮固定を解除する解除手段とを備えたことを特徴
とする多段油圧緩衝装置。8. A base cylinder, which has a hydraulic control cylinder having a large number of communication holes penetrating through the cylinder wall and is coaxial with the shaft center, and which has an open upper end and is filled with hydraulic oil. From the upper end side, a shallow fit is slidably fitted into the annular space between the inner peripheral surface of the base cylinder and the hydraulic control cylinder, and when it enters deeply, it slides into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the hydraulic control cylinder, A first hydraulic oil tank having a sliding contact wall surface that closes a part of a large number of through holes of a control cylinder and leaves the other in an open state, and has a cylindrical hydraulic oil tank that is not filled with hydraulic oil and that has an open top end A tubular plunger constituent member, and a second tubular plunger constituent member having a body peripheral portion that is shallowly slidably fitted into the cylindrical hydraulic oil tank from the upper end side of the first cylindrical plunger constituent member. With a plunger and always a second tubular plastic An integrated means for temporarily fixing the first cylindrical plunger constituent member to the jar constituent member in a shallow fitting state, and a bearing means for normally supporting the second cylindrical plunger constituent member in the shallow fitting state on the base cylinder; When the second cylindrical plunger constituent member enters the first cylindrical plunger constituent member, the temporary fixing of the first cylindrical plunger constituent member and the second cylindrical plunger constituent member by the integrating means is performed. A multistage hydraulic shock absorber, comprising: a releasing means for releasing.
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