JP2002346806A - Workpiece reversal equipment and processing method in main shaft movement type machine tool - Google Patents
Workpiece reversal equipment and processing method in main shaft movement type machine toolInfo
- Publication number
- JP2002346806A JP2002346806A JP2001160176A JP2001160176A JP2002346806A JP 2002346806 A JP2002346806 A JP 2002346806A JP 2001160176 A JP2001160176 A JP 2001160176A JP 2001160176 A JP2001160176 A JP 2001160176A JP 2002346806 A JP2002346806 A JP 2002346806A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- workpiece
- reversing
- spindle
- machine tool
- chuck
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- Feeding Of Workpieces (AREA)
- Turning (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、主軸が略鉛直方向
の軸線を有し主軸先端のチャックにより工作物の授受お
よび搬送を行う主軸移動型工作機械において、工作物の
一方の端面側の加工が終了した後に、工作物を自動的に
反転して他方の端面側の加工を行うための工作物反転装
置および加工方法に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a spindle moving type machine tool in which a spindle has a substantially vertical axis line and receives and transports the workpiece by a chuck at the tip of the spindle. The present invention relates to a workpiece reversing apparatus and a processing method for automatically reversing a workpiece after the completion of the above and performing processing on the other end face side.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】ＮＣ旋盤等の工作機械において、工作物
の一方の端面側の加工（第１工程）が終了した後に、工
作物を自動的に反転して他方の端面側の加工（第２工
程）を行うようにすれば、工作機械の長時間にわたる自
動運転が可能となり、作業者による段取替え作業等も少
なくでき、工作機械の稼働率を向上させて加工コストを
減少させることができる。このような工作物の反転装置
としては、特開平９−２５３９７０号公報に記載されて
いるような技術が公知である。2. Description of the Related Art In a machine tool such as an NC lathe, after machining on one end face of a workpiece (first step) is completed, the workpiece is automatically turned over and machining on the other end face (second step) is performed. If the step (1) is performed, automatic operation of the machine tool for a long period of time becomes possible, setup change work by an operator can be reduced, the operating rate of the machine tool can be improved, and the machining cost can be reduced. As such a reversing device for a workpiece, a technique as described in JP-A-9-253970 is known.
【０００３】特開平９−２５３９７０号公報の反転装置
は、工作機械の近傍に設けられており、工作物搬送装置
によって第１工程加工後の工作物を工作機械から反転装
置まで搬送し、反転装置によって工作物を反転した後、
工作物搬送装置によって工作物を反転装置から第２工程
の加工を行う工作機械まで搬送するようにしたものであ
る。この反転装置は、搬送装置の搬送経路上に設けるこ
とができ、反転装置の構成を簡素なものとすることがで
きる。しかし、この反転装置は、工作機械の外部の近傍
位置に設けられているものであり、工作機械の機体上に
設置するものではなかった。The reversing device disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-253970 is provided near a machine tool, and transports the workpiece after the first step processing from the machine tool to the reversing device by a workpiece transport device. After reversing the workpiece by
The workpiece is transported by the workpiece transport device from the reversing device to the machine tool that performs the processing in the second step. This reversing device can be provided on the transport path of the transport device, and the configuration of the reversing device can be simplified. However, this reversing device is provided at a position near the outside of the machine tool, and is not installed on the body of the machine tool.
【０００４】一方、主軸が略鉛直方向の軸線を有し主軸
先端のチャックにより工作物の授受および搬送を行う主
軸移動型立形工作機械は、主軸先端のチャックに工作物
を把持して工作物の加工を行うとともに、工作物の搬送
も行うことができるので、工作物搬送装置を設置する必
要がなくなり、加工システム全体のコストを低減させる
ことができる。[0004] On the other hand, a spindle moving type vertical machine tool in which a spindle has a substantially vertical axis line and receives and transfers a workpiece by a chuck at the tip of the spindle, the workpiece is held by the chuck at the tip of the spindle. In addition to carrying out the machining, the workpiece can also be transported, so that it is not necessary to install a workpiece transport device, and the cost of the entire machining system can be reduced.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、この主軸移動
型立形工作機械のチャックだけでは、工作物を反転させ
る動作は行うことができない。また、特開平９−２５３
９７０号公報のような、工作機械の外部に設ける反転装
置を使用するためには、主軸の水平方向のストロークを
かなり大きくしなければならず、主軸移動型立形工作機
械の設置面積が増大したり、工作機械のコストが上昇し
てしまう。また、主軸による工作物の搬送距離が長くな
ると、それだけ非切削時間が増大してしまい、工作機械
の稼働率が低下することにもなる。However, the operation of reversing the workpiece cannot be performed only by the chuck of the main spindle moving type vertical machine tool. Also, JP-A-9-253
In order to use the reversing device provided outside the machine tool as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 970, the horizontal stroke of the spindle must be considerably increased, and the installation area of the vertical spindle type machine tool increases. And the cost of machine tools rises. In addition, as the transfer distance of the workpiece by the spindle increases, the non-cutting time increases accordingly, and the operating rate of the machine tool decreases.
【０００６】そこで、本発明は、主軸移動型工作機械に
おいて、工作物の一方の端面側の加工が終了した後に、
工作物を自動的に反転して他方の端面側の加工を行うた
めの反転動作を能率良く行うことのできる工作物反転装
置および加工方法を提供することを目的とする。In view of the above, the present invention provides a spindle moving type machine tool in which after machining on one end face side of a workpiece is completed,
An object of the present invention is to provide a workpiece reversing device and a machining method capable of efficiently performing a reversing operation for automatically reversing a workpiece and performing machining on the other end surface side.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するため
に、本発明の主軸移動型工作機械における工作物反転装
置は、前端にチャックを備えた主軸を回転可能に支持す
る主軸支持体が、少なくとも主軸軸線方向および主軸軸
線と直交する方向に移動可能な主軸移動型工作機械に設
けられた工作物反転装置であって、前記主軸支持体の前
記主軸軸線と直交する方向の移動軌跡上に設けられた反
転装置本体と、前記反転装置本体に設けられ、前記主軸
前端の前記チャックとの間で工作物を授受可能な載置部
材と、前記反転装置本体に対して揺動可能に設けられ、
前記チャックとの間で工作物を授受可能な第１の位置
と、前記載置部材との間で工作物を授受可能な第２の位
置に揺動して移動し、工作物を保持して反転可能な反転
保持部材と、前記反転保持部材を揺動させる揺動駆動手
段とを有し、前記反転保持部材は、前記主軸移動型工作
機械が加工を行っているときには、前記第２の位置また
は前記第２の位置の近傍に揺動して退避することが可能
なものである。In order to achieve the above object, a workpiece reversing device for a spindle moving type machine tool according to the present invention comprises: a spindle support for rotatably supporting a spindle having a chuck at a front end; A workpiece reversing device provided in a spindle moving type machine tool movable at least in a spindle axis direction and a direction orthogonal to the spindle axis, provided on a movement locus of the spindle support in a direction orthogonal to the spindle axis. A reversing device main body, a mounting member provided on the reversing device main body and capable of transmitting and receiving a workpiece between the chuck at the front end of the spindle, and a swingably provided with respect to the reversing device main body,
A first position at which a workpiece can be exchanged with the chuck and a second position at which the workpiece can be exchanged with the mounting member; A reversible holding member; and a swing drive unit for swinging the reversing holding member. The reversing holding member is configured to move the second position when the main spindle moving type machine tool is performing machining. Alternatively, it can swing to the vicinity of the second position and retract.
【０００８】また、上記の主軸移動型工作機械における
工作物反転装置において、前記主軸移動型工作機械中の
加工を行う加工領域から前記反転装置本体を遮蔽可能な
仕切手段と、前記仕切手段に開閉可能に設けられ、前記
反転保持部材を前記加工領域側に突出可能とする開閉部
材とを有することが好ましい。Further, in the above-mentioned workpiece reversing device for a spindle moving type machine tool, a partitioning means capable of shielding the reversing device main body from a machining area in which machining is performed in the spindle moving type machine tool; Preferably, an opening / closing member is provided so as to be capable of protruding the reversal holding member toward the processing area.
【０００９】また、上記の主軸移動型工作機械における
工作物反転装置において、前記開閉部材は、前記反転保
持部材の揺動に連動して開閉するものであることが好ま
しい。In the above-mentioned work reversing device for a spindle moving type machine tool, it is preferable that the opening and closing member opens and closes in conjunction with the swing of the reversing holding member.
【００１０】また、上記の主軸移動型工作機械における
工作物反転装置において、前記載置部材は、前記反転装
置本体に対して前記主軸軸線と平行な方向に移動可能に
設けられているものであることが好ましい。[0010] In the above-mentioned workpiece reversing device in the spindle moving type machine tool, the placing member is provided so as to be movable in a direction parallel to the spindle axis with respect to the reversing device main body. Is preferred.
【００１１】また、上記の主軸移動型工作機械における
工作物反転装置において、前記主軸は、主軸軸線がほぼ
鉛直方向に向くように設置されているものであることが
好ましい。[0011] In the above-mentioned workpiece reversing device for a spindle moving type machine tool, it is preferable that the spindle is installed so that the spindle axis is oriented substantially vertically.
【００１２】また、本発明の主軸移動型工作機械におけ
る加工方法は、前端にチャックを備えた主軸と、前記主
軸を回転可能に支持し少なくとも主軸軸線方向および主
軸軸線と直交する方向に移動可能な主軸支持体と、工作
物を反転させる工作物反転装置であって反転前の工作物
と反転後の工作物を同時に載置可能な工作物反転装置と
を備えた主軸移動型工作機械における加工方法であっ
て、Ｎを任意の正の整数とし、前記チャックが把持した
Ｎ＋１番目の工作物の一方の側に第１工程の加工を行う
手順と、前記第１工程の加工が終了した前記Ｎ＋１番目
の工作物を前記チャックから前記工作物反転装置に渡す
とともに、反転動作の終了したＮ番目の工作物を前記チ
ャックが前記工作物反転装置から受け取る工作物授受手
順と、前記工作物授受手順において前記工作物反転装置
に渡された前記Ｎ＋１番目の工作物を、前記工作物反転
装置によって反転させる工作物反転手順と、前記工作物
反転手順と並行して開始され、前記工作物授受手順にお
いて前記チャックが受け取って把持した前記Ｎ番目の工
作物の他方の側に第２工程の加工を行うための手順とを
有するものである。Further, according to the machining method of the present invention, a main spindle having a chuck at a front end thereof, the main spindle rotatably supported and movable in at least a main axis direction and a direction orthogonal to the main axis. Machining method in a spindle moving type machine tool including a spindle support and a workpiece reversing device for reversing a workpiece, the workpiece reversing device being capable of simultaneously mounting a workpiece before reversing and a workpiece after reversing. Wherein N is an arbitrary positive integer, a procedure of performing a first step processing on one side of the (N + 1) th workpiece gripped by the chuck, and a step of performing the (N + 1) th processing after the first step processing is completed. Transferring the workpiece from the chuck to the workpiece reversing device, receiving the N-th workpiece for which the reversing operation has been completed from the workpiece reversing device, and transmitting and receiving the workpiece. A workpiece reversing procedure for reversing the (N + 1) th workpiece passed to the workpiece reversing apparatus in the procedure by the workpiece reversing apparatus, and the workpiece reversing procedure started in parallel with the workpiece reversing procedure; In the second step on the other side of the Nth workpiece received and gripped by the chuck.
【００１３】また、本発明の主軸移動型工作機械におけ
る加工方法は、前端にチャックを備えた主軸と、前記主
軸を回転可能に支持し少なくとも主軸軸線方向および主
軸軸線と直交する方向に移動可能な主軸支持体と、工作
物を反転させる工作物反転装置であって反転前の工作物
と反転後の工作物を同時に載置可能な工作物反転装置
と、工作物を載置可能な工作物載置装置とを備えた主軸
移動型工作機械における加工方法であって、Ｎを任意の
正の整数とし、前記チャックが前記工作物載置装置から
受け取ったＮ番目の工作物の一方の側に第１工程の加工
を行う第１の加工手順と、前記第１の加工手順の終了
後、前記Ｎ番目の工作物を前記チャックから前記工作物
反転装置に渡して反転させる第１の反転手順と、前記チ
ャックが前記工作物載置装置から受け取ったＮ＋１番目
の工作物の一方の側に第１工程の加工を行う第２の加工
手順と、前記第２の加工手順の終了後、前記Ｎ＋１番目
の工作物を前記チャックから前記工作物反転装置に渡す
とともに、反転動作の終了した前記Ｎ番目の工作物を前
記チャックが前記工作物反転装置から受け取る第１の工
作物授受手順と、前記第１の工作物授受手順において前
記工作物反転装置に渡された前記Ｎ＋１番目の工作物
を、前記工作物反転装置によって反転させる第２の反転
手順と、前記第２の反転手順と並行して開始され、前記
第１の工作物授受手順において前記チャックが把持した
前記Ｎ番目の工作物の他方の側に第２工程の加工を行う
ための第３の加工手順と、第２工程の加工が終了した前
記Ｎ番目の工作物を前記チャックから前記工作物載置装
置に戻すとともに、前記チャックが前記Ｎ＋１番目の工
作物を前記工作物反転装置から受け取る第２の工作物授
受手順と、前記第２の工作物授受手順において前記チャ
ックが把持した前記Ｎ＋１番目の工作物の他方の側に第
２工程の加工を行う第４の加工手順と、第２工程の加工
が終了した前記Ｎ＋１番目の工作物を前記チャックから
前記工作物載置装置に戻す第３の工作物授受手順とを有
するものである。Further, in the machining method for a spindle moving type machine tool according to the present invention, a spindle having a chuck at a front end thereof, the spindle being rotatably supported and movable at least in a spindle axis direction and a direction orthogonal to the spindle axis. A spindle reversing device for reversing a workpiece, a workpiece reversing device for reversing a workpiece, the workpiece reversing device capable of simultaneously placing a workpiece before reversing and a workpiece after reversing, and a workpiece loading device capable of placing a workpiece; A machining method in a spindle moving type machine tool comprising a work placement device, wherein N is an arbitrary positive integer, and the chuck is provided with one side of an N-th work piece received from the work placement device. A first processing procedure for performing one-step processing, a first reversing procedure of passing the Nth workpiece from the chuck to the workpiece reversing device after the first processing procedure is completed, and The chuck mounts the workpiece A second processing procedure for performing the first step processing on one side of the (N + 1) th workpiece received from the apparatus, and after the second processing procedure, the (N + 1) th workpiece is removed from the chuck by the machining. A first workpiece transfer procedure in which the chuck receives the N-th workpiece after the reversal operation from the workpiece reversal apparatus while passing the workpiece to the workpiece reversing apparatus, and the workpiece in the first workpiece transfer procedure. A second reversing procedure for reversing the (N + 1) th workpiece passed to the reversing device by the workpiece reversing device, and the first reversing procedure started in parallel with the second reversing procedure; A third processing procedure for performing a second process on the other side of the N-th workpiece gripped by the chuck, and removing the N-th workpiece having completed the second process from the chuck. From the A second workpiece transfer procedure in which the chuck returns to the crop mounting device and the chuck receives the (N + 1) th workpiece from the workpiece reversing device; and the N + 1 gripper gripped in the second workpiece transfer procedure in the second workpiece transfer procedure. A fourth processing procedure of performing a second process on the other side of the second workpiece, and a fourth process of returning the (N + 1) th workpiece having completed the second process from the chuck to the workpiece mounting device. And 3) a workpiece transfer procedure.
【００１４】また、上記の主軸移動型工作機械における
加工方法において、前記主軸移動型工作機械は、前記主
軸の軸線がほぼ鉛直方向を向いている主軸移動型立形工
作機械であり、前記主軸移動型立形工作機械には、工作
物を載置可能な工作物載置装置が並設されており、前記
工作物反転装置は、前記主軸移動型立形工作機械の加工
領域と前記工作物載置装置との中間に、かつ、前記主軸
支持体の前記主軸軸線と直交する方向の移動軌跡上に位
置しているものであることが好ましい。Further, in the above-mentioned machining method for a spindle moving type machine tool, the spindle moving type machine tool is a spindle moving type vertical machine tool in which the axis of the spindle is oriented substantially vertically. The vertical machine tool is provided with a workpiece mounting device on which a workpiece can be mounted.The workpiece reversing device includes a machining area of the spindle moving vertical machine tool and the workpiece mounting device. Preferably, it is located at an intermediate position with the mounting device and on a movement locus of the spindle support in a direction orthogonal to the spindle axis.
【００１５】[0015]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明の実施の形態について図面
を参照して説明する。図１は、本発明を適用する主軸移
動型立形工作機械１の正面図である。また、図２は、主
軸移動型立形工作機械１の側面図であり、図１における
左側から見た図である。工作機械としては鉛直方向に主
軸軸線を有する立て旋盤の場合の例である。主軸移動型
立形工作機械１にはワークフィーダ３が並設されてい
る。主軸移動型立形工作機械１は、ベッド２に刃物台２
３が設けられている。刃物台２３には割り出し回転可能
なタレット２１が設けられており、タレット２１の外周
部には外径加工用バイト、内径加工用工具等の加工工具
２２が保持されている。Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view of a movable spindle type vertical machine tool 1 to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 2 is a side view of the movable spindle type vertical machine tool 1, as viewed from the left side in FIG. This is an example of a vertical turning lathe having a spindle axis in a vertical direction as a machine tool. A work feeder 3 is juxtaposed with the main spindle moving vertical machine tool 1. The spindle moving type vertical machine tool 1 includes a bed 2 and a tool post 2
3 are provided. The tool rest 23 is provided with a turret 21 that can be indexed and rotated, and a processing tool 22 such as an external diameter processing bit and an internal diameter processing tool is held on the outer peripheral portion of the turret 21.
【００１６】また、主軸移動型立形工作機械１には、後
述の直交する２方向（Ｘ，Ｚ軸方向）に移動可能に主軸
台４が設けられている。主軸台４には鉛直方向（Ｚ軸方
向）の回転軸線を有する主軸５が回転可能に軸支されて
おり、主軸５の下端にはチャック６が設けられている。
チャック６はチャックシリンダ２８の駆動力により把持
爪が開閉動作する。また、主軸５は、ビルトイン型の主
軸モータ（図示せず）によって所望の回転速度に回転制
御される。The headstock moving type vertical machine tool 1 is provided with a headstock 4 which can be moved in two orthogonal directions (X and Z axis directions) which will be described later. A spindle 5 having a vertical (Z-axis) rotation axis is rotatably supported on the headstock 4, and a chuck 6 is provided at a lower end of the spindle 5.
The gripper jaws of the chuck 6 are opened and closed by the driving force of the chuck cylinder 28. The spindle 5 is rotationally controlled to a desired rotation speed by a built-in spindle motor (not shown).
【００１７】主軸５の回転軸線と平行な方向（Ｚ軸方
向）と直交する水平方向（Ｘ軸方向）に沿って、Ｘ軸ガ
イドレール１１が設けられており、Ｘ軸ガイドレール１
１上にはサドル１２がＸ軸方向に移動可能に設けられて
いる。Ｘ軸ガイドレール１１は、ベッド２の後部および
ベッド２の後部に固定されたブラケット１０に設けられ
ている。ベッド２とブラケット１０とは一体であっても
よい。An X-axis guide rail 11 is provided along a horizontal direction (X-axis direction) orthogonal to a direction (Z-axis direction) parallel to the rotation axis of the main shaft 5.
A saddle 12 is provided on 1 so as to be movable in the X-axis direction. The X-axis guide rail 11 is provided on a rear portion of the bed 2 and a bracket 10 fixed to a rear portion of the bed 2. The bed 2 and the bracket 10 may be integrated.
【００１８】サドル１２は、Ｘ軸用サーボモータ９１に
より歯付プーリ・歯付ベルト機構９２を介して回転駆動
されるＸ軸送りねじ９３、ナット９３ａによりＸ軸ガイ
ドレール１１に案内されてＸ軸方向に移動される。サド
ル１２にはＺ軸ガイドレール２６ａによりＺ軸方向に移
動可能に主軸台４が設けられており、Ｚ軸用サーボモー
タ２６によってＺ軸送りねじ（図示せず）を回転駆動す
ることにより主軸台４をＺ軸方向に移動する。これによ
り、主軸５および主軸台４はＸ，Ｚ軸方向に移動可能と
なっている。主軸５をＮＣ装置（図示せず）により回転
制御するとともにＸ，Ｚ軸方向に移動制御して、チャッ
ク６に把持した工作物をタレット２１上の加工工具２２
により加工する。The saddle 12 is guided by an X-axis guide rail 11 by an X-axis feed screw 93 and a nut 93a, which are rotationally driven by a X-axis servomotor 91 via a toothed pulley / toothed belt mechanism 92, and is guided by the X-axis guide rail 11. Moved in the direction. The headstock 4 is provided on the saddle 12 so as to be movable in the Z-axis direction by a Z-axis guide rail 26a, and the Z-axis servo motor 26 drives a Z-axis feed screw (not shown) to rotate the headstock. 4 in the Z-axis direction. As a result, the spindle 5 and the headstock 4 can be moved in the X and Z axis directions. The rotation of the main shaft 5 is controlled by an NC device (not shown) and the movement of the main shaft 5 is controlled in the X and Z-axis directions.
Processing by
【００１９】加工中に主軸台４が移動する領域は加工領
域１７として、カバー、スプラッシュガード６１に覆わ
れている。そして、この加工領域１７に隣接して、工作
物反転装置（以下、反転装置と記載する）７が設置され
ている。反転装置７は工作物を自動的に反転するための
ものである。工作物の一方の端面側の加工を終了した
後、反転装置７を使用して工作物を自動的に反転し、工
作物の他方の端面側の加工を連続して行うことができ
る。反転装置７は仕切りカバー９７、移動カバー９５、
ワイパ９８，９９等からなる仕切手段８によって、加工
領域１７から遮蔽されている。また、仕切手段８には、
仕切りカバー９７に形成された開口部を開閉可能に開閉
部材８１が設けられている。加工中は仕切りカバー９７
の開口部を開閉部材８１で閉じて、切削屑や切削油剤等
が反転装置７側に侵入しないようにされる。The area in which the headstock 4 moves during machining is the machining area 17 which is covered with a cover and a splash guard 61. A workpiece reversing device (hereinafter, referred to as a reversing device) 7 is installed adjacent to the processing area 17. The reversing device 7 is for automatically reversing the workpiece. After the machining of one end face of the workpiece is completed, the workpiece is automatically inverted using the reversing device 7 so that the machining of the other end face of the workpiece can be continuously performed. The reversing device 7 includes a partition cover 97, a moving cover 95,
It is shielded from the processing area 17 by the partitioning means 8 composed of wipers 98, 99 and the like. The partitioning means 8 includes:
An opening and closing member 81 is provided so as to open and close an opening formed in the partition cover 97. Partition cover 97 during processing
Is closed by an opening / closing member 81 so that cutting chips, cutting oil and the like do not enter the reversing device 7 side.
【００２０】加工領域１７の近傍には工作物授受領域１
８が設けられている。主軸台４および主軸５は、加工領
域１７と工作物授受領域１８との間を相互に移動でき
る。また、主軸台４が加工領域１７にあるときには、加
工領域１７と反転装置７との間は仕切手段８により遮蔽
されている。すなわち、加工中は切削屑や切削油剤等が
工作物授受領域１８に漏れ出ないようにされている。工
作物授受領域１８には、工作物載置装置としてのワーク
フィーダ３が少なくとも一部がその領域内に位置するよ
うに設置されている。ワークフィーダ３には、未加工の
工作物または加工済みの工作物を載置する複数の工作物
載置部３１，３２が設けられている。これらの工作物載
置部３１，３２は工作物授受領域１８内に位置してい
る。In the vicinity of the processing area 17, the workpiece transfer area 1 is located.
8 are provided. The headstock 4 and the spindle 5 can move mutually between the processing area 17 and the workpiece transfer area 18. When the headstock 4 is in the processing area 17, the space between the processing area 17 and the reversing device 7 is shielded by the partitioning means 8. That is, during processing, cutting chips, cutting oil, and the like are prevented from leaking into the workpiece transfer area 18. In the workpiece transfer area 18, a work feeder 3 as a workpiece placement device is installed so that at least a part thereof is located in the area. The work feeder 3 is provided with a plurality of workpiece mounting portions 31 and 32 for mounting an unprocessed workpiece or a processed workpiece. These workpiece placement sections 31 and 32 are located in the workpiece transfer area 18.
【００２１】Ｘ軸ガイドレール１１は、Ｘ軸方向にワー
クフィーダ３の位置まで延びている。主軸５のＸ軸方向
の移動軸線上には工作物載置部３１，３２が位置してい
る。加工済みの工作物はチャック６から空いている工作
物載置部３１，３２に渡され載置される。そして、工作
物載置部３１，３２の一方に未加工の工作物が載置され
ていれば、チャック６は工作物載置部３１，３２から未
加工の工作物を受け取り保持する。主軸台４は、チャッ
ク６がこれらの工作物載置部３１，３２の直上に位置す
るところまで移動可能である。主軸移動型立形工作機械
１は、ＮＣ（数値制御）装置によって制御されている。The X-axis guide rail 11 extends to the position of the work feeder 3 in the X-axis direction. The workpiece mounting portions 31 and 32 are located on the movement axis line of the main shaft 5 in the X-axis direction. The processed workpiece is transferred from the chuck 6 to the empty workpiece placement sections 31 and 32 and placed thereon. If an unprocessed workpiece is placed on one of the workpiece placement sections 31 and 32, the chuck 6 receives and holds the unprocessed workpiece from the workpiece placement sections 31 and 32. The headstock 4 can be moved to a position where the chuck 6 is located immediately above these workpiece placing portions 31 and 32. The spindle moving vertical machine tool 1 is controlled by an NC (numerical control) device.
【００２２】次に、図３から図５により、反転装置７の
構成を説明する。図３は、反転装置７の拡大図である。
これは、反転装置７を主軸移動型立形工作機械１の正面
側（図１と同じ方向）から見た図である。図４は、反転
装置７を上から見た平面図である。図５は、反転装置７
の側面図である。これは、反転装置７を図３における右
側から見た図である。主軸移動型立形工作機械１のベッ
ド２は、図２に示すように、側面から見ると後部側が上
方に突出したＬ字状を呈するように形成されている。こ
のベッド２の後部突出部の前面側の壁面２７には、反転
装置本体７０と一体の固定基板７０ａが固定されてお
り、これにより反転装置７が主軸移動型立形工作機械１
に取り付けられている。Next, the configuration of the reversing device 7 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the reversing device 7.
This is a view of the reversing device 7 as viewed from the front side (the same direction as in FIG. 1) of the main spindle moving vertical machine tool 1. FIG. 4 is a plan view of the reversing device 7 as viewed from above. FIG.
FIG. This is a view of the reversing device 7 as viewed from the right side in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, the bed 2 of the main spindle moving vertical machine tool 1 is formed so as to have an L-shape whose rear portion projects upward when viewed from the side. A fixed substrate 70a integral with the reversing device main body 70 is fixed to the front wall surface 27 of the rear protruding portion of the bed 2 so that the reversing device 7 can move the spindle moving vertical machine tool 1
Attached to.
【００２３】なお、反転装置本体７０は、主軸移動型立
形工作機械１の主軸台４の主軸５の軸線と直交する方向
の移動軌跡上に設けられていればよく、必ずしも主軸移
動型立形工作機械１に取り付けられていなくてもよい。
例えば、主軸移動型立形工作機械１の近傍の床面上に設
置されていてもよい。It is sufficient that the reversing device main body 70 is provided on a movement trajectory in a direction orthogonal to the axis of the spindle 5 of the headstock 4 of the spindle moving type vertical machine tool 1. It does not have to be attached to the machine tool 1.
For example, it may be installed on a floor near the movable spindle type vertical machine tool 1.
【００２４】また、反転装置本体７０には２本のガイド
レール７７ａ，７７ａが上下方向に設けられている。保
持基板７６にはスライド本体７７ｂ，７７ｂが固定され
ている。これらのガイドレール７７ａとスライド本体７
７ｂは直動ころがり案内を構成する。そして、反転装置
本体７０には保持基板７６がガイドレール７７ａに案内
されて上下方向に移動可能に設けられている。なお、こ
こでは直動ころがり案内で説明を行っているが、その他
のころがり案内やすべり案内等によって反転装置本体７
０に対して保持基板７６を移動可能としてもよい。The reversing device main body 70 is provided with two guide rails 77a, 77a in the vertical direction. Slide bodies 77b, 77b are fixed to the holding substrate 76. The guide rail 77a and the slide body 7
7b constitutes a linear motion rolling guide. The holding substrate 76 is provided on the reversing device main body 70 so as to be vertically movable while being guided by the guide rail 77a. Here, the description is made with reference to the linear motion rolling guide.
The holding substrate 76 may be movable with respect to zero.
【００２５】保持基板７６上には、チャック６との間で
工作物を授受可能な位置に、工作物を保持する保持部材
７１が設けられている。保持部材７１には３個の開閉移
動可能な把持爪７１ａが設けられており、この把持爪７
１ａを開閉駆動することにより工作物を解放または保持
することができる。保持部材７１にはシリンダが内蔵さ
れており、このシリンダに圧力流体を供給することによ
り把持爪７１ａを開閉駆動する。なお、保持部材７１の
把持爪７１ａは、サーボモータ等のモータの駆動力によ
り開閉駆動されるものであってもよい。A holding member 71 for holding a workpiece is provided on the holding substrate 76 at a position where the workpiece can be transferred to and from the chuck 6. The holding member 71 is provided with three open / close movable gripping claws 71a.
The workpiece can be released or held by opening and closing 1a. The holding member 71 has a built-in cylinder. By supplying a pressure fluid to the cylinder, the holding claw 71a is driven to open and close. The holding claws 71a of the holding member 71 may be driven to open and close by the driving force of a motor such as a servomotor.
【００２６】保持部材７１は、保持基板７６に対して、
下方に移動可能、かつ、ばね７６ａによって上方に付勢
された状態で支持されている。これにより、チャック６
から工作物を受け取るときには、下方に逃げることがで
きる。また、チャック６に工作物を渡すときには、工作
物をチャック６側に押し付けてチャック６による把持精
度を向上させる。The holding member 71 is provided with respect to the holding substrate 76.
It is supported in a state where it can move downward and is urged upward by a spring 76a. Thereby, the chuck 6
When you receive a workpiece from the, you can escape downward. When the workpiece is transferred to the chuck 6, the workpiece is pressed against the chuck 6 to improve the gripping accuracy of the chuck 6.
【００２７】保持部材７１を支持する軸体７６ｄの少な
くとも一つには、被検知部材７６ｅが設けられており、
保持基板７６には検知部材７６ｃが設けられている。被
検知部材７６ｅおよび検知部材７６ｃは、チャック６と
保持部材７１との間で工作物を授受するとき等に、主軸
台４の移動位置のプログラムミスや保持基板７６の高さ
調整ミス等で、保持部材７１が過度に下降させられて破
損等するのを防止するために設けられている。すなわ
ち、保持部材７１が下限設定位置まで下降したことが検
知部材７６ｃによって検出されると、その検出出力がア
ラーム信号となり主軸台４等の移動動作を停止させる。A detection member 76e is provided on at least one of the shafts 76d supporting the holding member 71,
The holding substrate 76 is provided with a detection member 76c. The detected member 76e and the detecting member 76c are used when the workpiece is transferred between the chuck 6 and the holding member 71, for example, due to a program error in the moving position of the headstock 4 or a height adjustment error of the holding substrate 76. The holding member 71 is provided to prevent the holding member 71 from being excessively lowered and damaged. That is, when the detection member 76c detects that the holding member 71 has been lowered to the lower limit setting position, the detection output becomes an alarm signal, and the movement operation of the headstock 4 or the like is stopped.
【００２８】保持基板７６は、高さ調整ねじ７７により
上下方向に移動され、保持部材７１の高さを工作物の種
類に応じて調整することができる。主軸移動型立形工作
機械１の正面側に突出して設けられた高さ調整ハンドル
７８を回転させることによって、伝達機構７８ａを介し
て高さ調整ねじ７７を回転駆動し、保持部材７１の高さ
を調整する。なお、保持基板７６の高さ調整は、サーボ
モータ等の制御モータで高さ調整ねじ７７を駆動して行
うものであってもよい。また、この制御モータをＮＣ装
置の指令で駆動できるものであってもよい。The holding substrate 76 is moved up and down by a height adjusting screw 77 so that the height of the holding member 71 can be adjusted according to the type of workpiece. By rotating a height adjusting handle 78 protruding from the front side of the main spindle moving vertical machine tool 1, a height adjusting screw 77 is rotationally driven via a transmission mechanism 78 a, and the height of the holding member 71 is adjusted. To adjust. The height adjustment of the holding substrate 76 may be performed by driving the height adjustment screw 77 with a control motor such as a servomotor. Further, the control motor may be driven by a command from the NC device.
【００２９】反転装置本体７０には揺動軸７５が軸支さ
れており、揺動軸７５には揺動アーム７４が固定されて
いる。そして、駆動手段７３によって揺動軸７５を回転
駆動することにより揺動アーム７４を１８０度揺動させ
ることができる。駆動手段７３としては、流体シリンダ
とラックとピニオンとを組み合わせた駆動機構、圧力流
体の供給により出力軸が所定角度揺動する揺動型アクチ
ュエータ、モータに減速機または減速機構を設けた駆動
機構等を使用することができる。A swing shaft 75 is supported by the reversing device main body 70, and a swing arm 74 is fixed to the swing shaft 75. The swing arm 74 can be swung 180 degrees by driving the swing shaft 75 to rotate by the driving means 73. As the driving means 73, a driving mechanism combining a fluid cylinder, a rack, and a pinion, an oscillating actuator in which an output shaft oscillates at a predetermined angle by supply of a pressure fluid, a driving mechanism in which a motor is provided with a speed reducer or a speed reduction mechanism, or the like Can be used.
【００３０】揺動アーム７４の先端部には、反転保持部
材７２が設けられている。反転保持部材７２には３個の
開閉移動可能な把持爪７２ａが設けられており、この把
持爪７２ａを開閉駆動することにより工作物を解放また
は保持することができる。反転保持部材７２にはシリン
ダが内蔵されており、このシリンダに圧力流体を継手７
５ａ，７５ａ等を介して供給することにより把持爪７２
ａを開閉駆動する。なお、反転保持部材７２の把持爪７
２ａは、サーボモータ等のモータの駆動力により開閉駆
動されるものであってもよい。A reversing holding member 72 is provided at the tip of the swing arm 74. The reversing holding member 72 is provided with three gripping claws 72a that can be opened and closed, and the workpiece can be released or held by opening and closing the gripping claws 72a. The reversing holding member 72 has a built-in cylinder.
5a, 75a or the like to supply the gripping claws 72.
a is driven to open and close. The gripping claws 7 of the reversing holding member 72
2a may be opened and closed by a driving force of a motor such as a servomotor.
【００３１】揺動アーム７４を図３および図４に示す位
置（第１の位置）に揺動させた場合は、チャック６と反
転保持部材７２との間で工作物の授受が可能である。揺
動アーム７４を図３における右回転方向に１８０度揺動
させると、反転保持部材７２は保持部材７１と向かい合
う位置（第２の位置）となり、反転保持部材７２と保持
部材７１との間で工作物の授受が可能となる。また、こ
のとき、反転保持部材７２に保持された工作物は上下方
向が反転された状態となっている。When the swing arm 74 is swung to the position shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 (first position), a workpiece can be transferred between the chuck 6 and the reversing holding member 72. When the swing arm 74 is swung 180 degrees in the clockwise direction in FIG. 3, the reversing holding member 72 becomes a position (second position) facing the holding member 71, and between the reversing holding member 72 and the holding member 71. Work can be exchanged. At this time, the workpiece held by the inversion holding member 72 is in a state where the work piece is turned upside down.
【００３２】なお、保持部材７１の把持爪７１ａと反転
保持部材７２の把持爪７２ａは、図４に示す位置（第１
の位置）では同位相に設けられていることが好ましい。
すなわち、チャック６と保持部材７１、チャック６と反
転保持部材７２との間で工作物を授受する際に、チャッ
ク６の把持爪と把持爪７１ａ，７２ａとの位置関係を同
一にでき、プログラム作成が容易となる。それととも
に、反転保持部材７２が揺動して保持部材７１と向かい
合う位置（第２の位置）に来たときには、把持爪７１ａ
と把持爪７２ａの位相が反対となるので、厚みの薄い工
作物でも授受可能となる。The gripping claws 71a of the holding member 71 and the gripping claws 72a of the reversing holding member 72 are positioned as shown in FIG.
Is preferably provided in the same phase.
That is, when a workpiece is transferred between the chuck 6 and the holding member 71 and between the chuck 6 and the reversing holding member 72, the positional relationship between the holding claws of the chuck 6 and the holding claws 71a and 72a can be made the same, and a program can be created. Becomes easier. At the same time, when the reversing holding member 72 swings and comes to a position (second position) facing the holding member 71, the gripping claws 71a
And the gripping claws 72a have opposite phases, so that even a thin workpiece can be exchanged.
【００３３】反転保持部材７２は、揺動アーム７４に対
して移動可能、かつ、ばね７４ａによって付勢された状
態で支持されている。すなわち、図４に示す第１の位置
においては、下方に移動可能、かつ、ばね７４ａによっ
て上方に付勢された状態で揺動アーム７４に支持されて
いる。これにより、チャック６から工作物を受け取ると
きには、下方に逃げることができる。また、チャック６
に工作物を渡すときには、工作物をチャック６側に押し
付けてチャック６による把持精度を向上させる。The reversing holding member 72 is movable with respect to the swing arm 74 and is supported by being biased by a spring 74a. That is, in the first position shown in FIG. 4, the arm is supported by the swing arm 74 in a state where it can move downward and is urged upward by the spring 74a. Thus, when receiving the workpiece from the chuck 6, the workpiece can escape downward. Also, the chuck 6
When the workpiece is transferred to the chuck 6, the workpiece is pressed against the chuck 6 to improve the gripping accuracy of the chuck 6.
【００３４】反転装置本体７０には、ストッパ基板８７
がばね８７ａ，８７ａ、軸体８７ｅ，８７ｅを介して設
けられている。ストッパ基板８７は、下方に移動可能
に、かつ、上方に付勢された状態で支持されている。ス
トッパ基板８７には、ストッパ８７ｂ、８７ｂが設けら
れており、揺動アーム７４が第１の位置側に揺動したと
き揺動アーム７４の下面７４ｂに当接して揺動アーム７
４の位置を定める。ばね８７ａは、ばね７４ａより強い
ばねに作成されている。すなわち、ばね７４ａが所定の
荷重で撓んでもばね８７ａは撓まない。ばね７４ａが下
限位置近傍になったときばね８７ａは撓み、ストッパ８
７ｂ、ストッパ基板８７は下降する。The reversing device main body 70 includes a stopper substrate 87.
Are provided via springs 87a, 87a and shafts 87e, 87e. The stopper substrate 87 is supported movably downward and urged upward. The stopper substrate 87 is provided with stoppers 87b, 87b. When the swing arm 74 swings to the first position side, it contacts the lower surface 74b of the swing arm 74 and
Position 4 is determined. The spring 87a is formed as a stronger spring than the spring 74a. That is, even if the spring 74a bends with a predetermined load, the spring 87a does not bend. When the spring 74a approaches the lower limit position, the spring 87a bends and the stopper 8
7b, the stopper substrate 87 descends.
【００３５】ストッパ基板８７が下降すると揺動軸７５
は揺動動作をする。揺動軸７５には被検知部材８７ｄが
設けられており、反転装置本体７０側には、検知部材８
７ｃが設けられている。被検知部材８７ｄおよび検知部
材８７ｃは、チャック６と反転保持部材７２との間で工
作物を授受するとき等に、主軸台４の移動位置のプログ
ラムミス等で、反転保持部材７２や揺動軸７５等が限界
を超えて下降または揺動させられて破損等するのを防止
するために設けられている。すなわち、反転保持部材７
２が下限設定位置まで下降したら検知部材８７ｃはアラ
ーム信号を出力して主軸台４等の移動動作を停止させ
る。When the stopper substrate 87 is lowered, the swing shaft 75
Performs a rocking motion. A detection member 87d is provided on the swing shaft 75, and a detection member 8d is provided on the reversing device main body 70 side.
7c is provided. When the workpiece is exchanged between the chuck 6 and the reversing holding member 72, the detected member 87 d and the detecting member 87 c are moved by the reversing holding member 72 or the oscillating shaft due to a program error in the moving position of the headstock 4. 75 is provided to prevent breakage or the like caused by lowering or swinging beyond the limit. That is, the inversion holding member 7
When 2 moves down to the lower limit setting position, the detecting member 87c outputs an alarm signal to stop the moving operation of the headstock 4 and the like.
【００３６】揺動アーム７４を第１の位置に揺動させる
ときには、開閉部材８１が揺動アーム７４の動きに連動
して開き、チャック６と反転保持部材７２との間で工作
物の授受が可能となる。揺動アーム７４を第２の位置に
揺動させると、開閉部材８１はそれと連動して閉じ、ワ
イパ８１ａが移動カバー９５と摺動可能となる。そし
て、主軸台４が加工領域１７に移動しているときには、
仕切りカバー９７のワイパ９９および開閉部材８１のワ
イパ８１ａが移動カバー９５の下摺接面９５ｂと摺接
し、仕切りカバー９７のワイパ９８が移動カバー９５の
横摺接面９５ａと摺接して、反転装置７を加工領域１７
から遮蔽した状態とする。したがって、加工中には揺動
アーム７４を第２の位置に揺動させて、反転保持部材７
２を退避させておくことにより、加工中に発生する切削
屑や切削油剤が保持部材７１および反転保持部材７２に
付着することがなく、これらの付着により工作物の保持
精度が悪化することがない。When the swing arm 74 is swung to the first position, the opening / closing member 81 opens in conjunction with the movement of the swing arm 74 so that the workpiece can be transferred between the chuck 6 and the reversing holding member 72. It becomes possible. When the swing arm 74 is swung to the second position, the opening / closing member 81 closes in conjunction therewith, and the wiper 81a can slide with the movable cover 95. And when the headstock 4 is moving to the machining area 17,
The wiper 99 of the partition cover 97 and the wiper 81a of the opening / closing member 81 are in sliding contact with the lower sliding contact surface 95b of the movable cover 95, and the wiper 98 of the partition cover 97 is slidingly contacting the horizontal sliding contact surface 95a of the movable cover 95. 7 to machining area 17
Shielded from Therefore, during the processing, the swing arm 74 is swung to the second position, and
By retracting 2, the cutting chips and the cutting oil generated during processing do not adhere to the holding member 71 and the reversing holding member 72, and the adhesion of these does not deteriorate the holding accuracy of the workpiece. .
【００３７】図６は、開閉部材８１の開閉動作を行う機
構を示す図である。揺動軸７５の端部には歯車８２が固
定されており、揺動アーム７４の揺動と連動して、この
歯車８２が回転する。歯車８２の回転は中間歯車８３を
介して開閉歯車８４に伝達される。開閉歯車８４が回転
すると、開閉歯車８４と開閉部材８１とを接続するリン
ク部材８５を介して、開閉部材８１の開閉駆動が行われ
る。この開閉駆動機構により、揺動アーム７４の揺動に
連動して開閉部材８１が開閉駆動される。FIG. 6 is a view showing a mechanism for opening and closing the opening and closing member 81. A gear 82 is fixed to the end of the swing shaft 75, and the gear 82 rotates in conjunction with the swing of the swing arm 74. The rotation of the gear 82 is transmitted to the opening / closing gear 84 via the intermediate gear 83. When the open / close gear 84 rotates, the open / close member 81 is driven to open / close via a link member 85 connecting the open / close gear 84 and the open / close member 81. With this opening / closing drive mechanism, the opening / closing member 81 is opened / closed in conjunction with the swing of the swing arm 74.
【００３８】以上に説明した反転装置７による工作物の
反転動作について説明する。チャック６に把持された工
作物の一方の面側の第１工程の加工を終了すると、揺動
アーム７４を第１の位置に揺動させ、チャック６を図３
の符号６ａで示す位置に移動させて、チャック６から反
転保持部材７２に工作物を引き渡す。次に、揺動アーム
７４を第２の位置に揺動させて、工作物を反転させると
ともに反転保持部材７２から保持部材７１に工作物を引
き渡す。そして、揺動アーム７４を第１の位置に揺動さ
せ、チャック６を符号６ｂで示す位置に移動させて、保
持部材７１から反転した工作物を受け取る。そして、引
き続いて工作物の他方の面側の第２工程の加工を行うこ
とができる。The reversing operation of the workpiece by the reversing device 7 described above will be described. When the processing of the first step on one surface side of the workpiece held by the chuck 6 is completed, the swing arm 74 is swung to the first position, and the chuck 6 is moved to the position shown in FIG.
Then, the workpiece is transferred from the chuck 6 to the reversing holding member 72. Next, the swing arm 74 is swung to the second position to invert the workpiece and to deliver the workpiece from the inversion holding member 72 to the holding member 71. Then, the swing arm 74 is swung to the first position, the chuck 6 is moved to the position indicated by reference numeral 6b, and the inverted workpiece is received from the holding member 71. Then, subsequently, the second step processing on the other surface side of the workpiece can be performed.
【００３９】このようにして、工作物を自動的に反転さ
せ、工作物の一方の面側の第１工程の加工と他方の面側
の第２工程の加工を自動運転で連続して行うことができ
る。なお、複数の工作物を連続して加工する場合には、
さらに能率よく反転動作を行うことができるが、これに
ついて次に詳しく説明する。In this manner, the workpiece is automatically inverted, and the machining of the first step on one side of the workpiece and the machining of the second step on the other side are continuously performed by automatic operation. Can be. When processing a plurality of workpieces continuously,
The inversion operation can be performed more efficiently, which will be described in detail below.
【００４０】図７および図８は、２つの工作物載置部３
１，３２の両方に未加工の工作物が載置されている場合
の、工作物の加工および反転手順を示す図である。ま
ず、主軸移動型立形工作機械１は、主軸５を工作物授受
領域１８に移動して、チャック６に工作物載置部３１上
の未加工の工作物Ｗ１を保持する。そして、主軸５を加
工領域１７に移動して、工作物Ｗ１の第１工程の加工
（第１の面側の加工）を行う。工作物Ｗ１の第１工程の
加工が終了すれば、図７（ａ）に示すように、揺動アー
ム７４および反転保持部材７２を第１の位置まで揺動さ
せる。これに連動して、開閉部材８１も開側に揺動し、
反転保持部材７２の上方が開口される。そして、主軸５
を反転保持部材７２の直上位置に移動させてから、主軸
５の下降動作およびチャック６の開動作により、工作物
Ｗ１をチャック６から反転保持部材７２に引き渡す。引
き渡し後、主軸５を揺動アーム７４、開閉部材８１等と
干渉しない所定の高さ位置まで上昇させる。FIGS. 7 and 8 show two work placement sections 3.
It is a figure which shows the processing of a workpiece | work and the reversal procedure in the case where the unprocessed workpiece | work is mounted on both 1 and 32. First, the spindle moving type vertical machine tool 1 moves the spindle 5 to the workpiece transfer area 18 and holds the unprocessed workpiece W1 on the workpiece mounting portion 31 on the chuck 6. Then, the spindle 5 is moved to the processing area 17 to perform the processing (processing on the first surface side) of the workpiece W1 in the first step. When the processing of the first step of the workpiece W1 is completed, as shown in FIG. 7A, the swing arm 74 and the reversing holding member 72 are swung to the first position. In conjunction with this, the opening / closing member 81 also swings to the open side,
The upper part of the reversing holding member 72 is opened. And the main shaft 5
Is moved to a position immediately above the reversing holding member 72, and then the workpiece W1 is delivered from the chuck 6 to the reversing holding member 72 by the lowering operation of the main shaft 5 and the opening operation of the chuck 6. After the delivery, the main shaft 5 is raised to a predetermined height position that does not interfere with the swing arm 74, the opening and closing member 81, and the like.
【００４１】次に、図７（ｂ）に示すように、反転保持
部材７２に工作物Ｗ１を保持し、揺動アーム７４を第２
の位置まで１８０度揺動させて工作物Ｗ１を反転させる
とともに、反転保持部材７２と保持部材７１とを対向さ
せる。そして、工作物Ｗ１を反転保持部材７２から保持
部材７１に引き渡す。すなわち、反転保持部材７２の把
持爪７２ａを開方向に移動させるとともに、保持部材７
１の把持爪７１ａを閉方向に移動させて工作物を保持す
る。この揺動アーム７４の反転動作に連動して開閉部材
８１も閉側に揺動する。反転保持部材７２は加工中はこ
の退避位置で待機する。Next, as shown in FIG. 7B, the workpiece W1 is held by the reversing holding member 72, and the swing arm 74 is moved to the second position.
The workpiece W1 is inverted by swinging it 180 degrees to the position, and the inverted holding member 72 and the holding member 71 are opposed to each other. Then, the workpiece W1 is delivered from the reversing holding member 72 to the holding member 71. That is, while moving the gripping claws 72a of the reversing holding member 72 in the opening direction,
The workpiece is held by moving one gripping claw 71a in the closing direction. The opening and closing member 81 also swings to the closing side in conjunction with the reversing operation of the swing arm 74. The reversing holding member 72 stands by at this retracted position during processing.
【００４２】この反転装置７による工作物Ｗ１の反転動
作と並行して、主軸５を工作物授受領域１８に移動し、
チャック６に工作物載置部３２上の未加工の工作物Ｗ２
を保持する。そして、主軸５を加工領域１７に移動し
て、工作物Ｗ２の第１工程の加工（第１の面側の加工）
を行う。主軸台４が加工領域１７に移動すると、移動カ
バー９５が仕切りカバー９７のワイパ９８，９９および
開閉部材８１のワイパ８１ａと摺接する。すなわち、加
工領域１７が、スプラッシュガード６１、仕切手段８等
により遮蔽される。In parallel with the reversing operation of the workpiece W1 by the reversing device 7, the spindle 5 is moved to the workpiece transfer area 18,
The unprocessed workpiece W2 on the workpiece mounting portion 32 is attached to the chuck 6.
Hold. Then, the main shaft 5 is moved to the processing area 17 to process the workpiece W2 in the first step (processing on the first surface side).
I do. When the headstock 4 moves to the processing area 17, the moving cover 95 comes into sliding contact with the wipers 98 and 99 of the partition cover 97 and the wiper 81 a of the opening / closing member 81. That is, the processing area 17 is shielded by the splash guard 61, the partitioning means 8, and the like.
【００４３】工作物Ｗ２の第１工程の加工が終了すれ
ば、図７（ｃ）に示すように、揺動アーム７４および反
転保持部材７２を第１の位置まで揺動させる。これに連
動して、開閉部材８１も開側に揺動し、反転保持部材７
２の上方が開口される。そして、主軸５を反転保持部材
７２の直上位置に移動させて、主軸５の下降動作および
チャック６の開動作により、工作物Ｗ２をチャック６か
ら反転保持部材７２に引き渡す。引き渡し後、主軸５を
所定の高さ位置まで上昇させる。このときに、工作物Ｗ
１は反転された状態で保持部材７１に保持されている。
次に、図７（ｄ）に示すように、主軸５を保持部材７１
の直上位置に移動させて、主軸５の下降動作およびチャ
ック６の閉動作、保持部材７１の開動作により、反転さ
れた状態の工作物Ｗ１を保持部材７１からチャック６に
引き渡す。そして、主軸５を所定の高さ位置まで上昇さ
せる。When the processing of the first step of the workpiece W2 is completed, the swing arm 74 and the reversing holding member 72 are swung to the first position as shown in FIG. 7C. In conjunction with this, the opening / closing member 81 also swings to the open side, and the inversion holding member 7
The upper part of 2 is opened. Then, the main shaft 5 is moved to a position immediately above the reversing holding member 72, and the workpiece W 2 is delivered from the chuck 6 to the reversing holding member 72 by the lowering operation of the main shaft 5 and the opening operation of the chuck 6. After the delivery, the main shaft 5 is raised to a predetermined height position. At this time, the workpiece W
1 is held by the holding member 71 in an inverted state.
Next, as shown in FIG.
The workpiece W1 is turned over from the holding member 71 to the chuck 6 by the lowering operation of the main shaft 5, the closing operation of the chuck 6, and the opening operation of the holding member 71. Then, the main shaft 5 is raised to a predetermined height position.
【００４４】次に、図８（ｅ）に示すように、反転保持
部材７２に工作物Ｗ２を保持し、揺動アーム７４を第２
の位置まで１８０度揺動させて工作物Ｗ２を反転させる
とともに、反転保持部材７２と保持部材７１とを対向さ
せる。そして、工作物Ｗ２を反転保持部材７２から保持
部材７１に引き渡す。すなわち、反転保持部材７２の把
持爪７２ａを開方向に移動させるとともに、保持部材７
１の把持爪７１ａを閉方向に移動させて工作物を保持す
る。Next, as shown in FIG. 8E, the workpiece W2 is held by the reversing holding member 72, and the swing arm 74 is moved to the second position.
The workpiece W2 is inverted by swinging 180 degrees to the position, and the inverted holding member 72 and the holding member 71 are opposed to each other. Then, the workpiece W2 is delivered from the reverse holding member 72 to the holding member 71. That is, while moving the gripping claws 72a of the reversing holding member 72 in the opening direction,
The workpiece is held by moving one gripping claw 71a in the closing direction.
【００４５】この揺動アーム７４の反転動作に連動して
開閉部材８１も閉側に揺動する。反転保持部材７２は加
工中はこの退避位置で待機する。この反転装置７による
工作物Ｗ２の反転動作と並行して、主軸５を加工領域１
７に移動する。主軸台４が加工領域１７に移動すると、
移動カバー９５が仕切りカバー９７のワイパ９８，９９
および開閉部材８１のワイパ８１ａと摺接する。すなわ
ち、加工領域１７が、スプラッシュガード６１、仕切手
段８等により遮蔽される。そして、工作物Ｗ１の第２工
程の加工（第２の面側の加工）を行う。The opening / closing member 81 also swings to the closing side in conjunction with the reversing operation of the swing arm 74. The reversing holding member 72 stands by at this retracted position during processing. In parallel with the reversing operation of the workpiece W2 by the reversing device 7, the spindle 5 is moved to the machining area 1
Move to 7. When the headstock 4 moves to the machining area 17,
The moving cover 95 is composed of the wipers 98 and 99 of the partition cover 97.
And the wiper 81a of the opening / closing member 81 in sliding contact. That is, the processing area 17 is shielded by the splash guard 61, the partitioning means 8, and the like. Then, processing of the second step (processing of the second surface side) of the workpiece W1 is performed.
【００４６】工作物Ｗ１の第２工程の加工が終了すれ
ば、主軸５を工作物授受領域１８に移動して、主軸５の
上下動およびチャック６の開動作により、チャック６に
保持している加工済みの工作物Ｗ１を工作物載置部３１
上に載置する。また、この主軸５の工作物載置部３１へ
の載置動作と並行して、図８（ｆ）に示すように、揺動
アーム７４および反転保持部材７２を第１の位置まで揺
動させる。次に、主軸５を保持部材７１の直上位置に移
動させて、主軸５の下降動作およびチャック６の閉動
作、保持部材７１の開動作により、反転された状態の工
作物Ｗ２を保持部材７１からチャック６に引き渡す。そ
して、主軸５を所定の高さ位置まで上昇させる。When the processing of the workpiece W1 in the second step is completed, the spindle 5 is moved to the workpiece transfer area 18 and held on the chuck 6 by the vertical movement of the spindle 5 and the opening operation of the chuck 6. The processed workpiece W1 is transferred to the workpiece mounting portion 31.
Place on top. In parallel with the mounting operation of the main shaft 5 on the workpiece mounting portion 31, the swing arm 74 and the reversing holding member 72 are swung to the first position, as shown in FIG. . Next, the main shaft 5 is moved to a position immediately above the holding member 71, and the workpiece W2 in the inverted state is moved from the holding member 71 by the lowering operation of the main shaft 5, the closing operation of the chuck 6, and the opening operation of the holding member 71. Deliver to chuck 6. Then, the main shaft 5 is raised to a predetermined height position.
【００４７】次に、図８（ｇ）に示すように、反転保持
部材７２および揺動アーム７４を第２の位置まで１８０
度揺動させる。この揺動アーム７４の反転動作に連動し
て開閉部材８１も閉側に揺動する。反転保持部材７２は
加工中はこの退避位置で待機する。この揺動アーム７４
の揺動動作と並行して、主軸５を加工領域１７に移動す
る。揺動アーム７４の揺動動作に連動して開閉部材８１
が閉じているので、主軸台４が加工領域１７側に移動す
ると、移動カバー９５が仕切りカバー９７のワイパ９
８，９９および開閉部材８１のワイパ８１ａと摺接す
る。すなわち、加工領域１７が、スプラッシュガード６
１、仕切手段８等により遮蔽される。そして、工作物Ｗ
２の第２工程の加工（第２の面側の加工）を行う。工作
物Ｗ２の第２工程の加工が終了すれば、主軸５を工作物
授受領域１８に移動して、チャック６に保持している加
工済みの工作物Ｗ２を工作物載置部３２上に載置する。Next, as shown in FIG. 8 (g), the reversing holding member 72 and the swing arm 74 are moved 180 degrees to the second position.
Rock it. The opening / closing member 81 also swings to the closing side in conjunction with the reversing operation of the swing arm 74. The reversing holding member 72 stands by at this retracted position during processing. This swing arm 74
The main shaft 5 is moved to the machining area 17 in parallel with the swinging operation of. The opening / closing member 81 interlocks with the swing operation of the swing arm 74.
Is closed, when the headstock 4 moves toward the machining area 17, the movable cover 95 is moved by the wiper 9 of the partition cover 97.
8, 99 and the wiper 81a of the opening / closing member 81. That is, the processing area 17 is the splash guard 6
1. It is shielded by the partitioning means 8 and the like. And the workpiece W
The processing of the second step 2 (processing on the second surface side) is performed. When the processing of the second step of the workpiece W2 is completed, the spindle 5 is moved to the workpiece transfer area 18 and the processed workpiece W2 held by the chuck 6 is placed on the workpiece mounting portion 32. Place.
【００４８】ワークフィーダ３から、加工済みの工作物
が搬出され、新しい未加工の工作物が搬入されれば、以
上の図７および図８に示す動作を繰り返す。このよう
に、工作物Ｗ１の第１工程（Ｗ１−１と記す）、工作物
Ｗ１の第２工程（Ｗ１−２と記す）、工作物Ｗ２の第１
工程（Ｗ２−１と記す）、工作物Ｗ２の第２工程（Ｗ２
−２と記す）のそれぞれの加工を、Ｗ１−１，Ｗ２−
１，Ｗ１−２，Ｗ２−２という順序で行うことによっ
て、工作物の反転動作と主軸５の移動動作を並行して行
うことができ、非切削時間である工作物の反転動作およ
び搬送動作の時間を短縮することができる。When the processed workpiece is unloaded from the work feeder 3 and a new unprocessed workpiece is loaded, the above-described operations shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 are repeated. Thus, the first step of the workpiece W1 (denoted by W1-1), the second step of the workpiece W1 (denoted by W1-2), and the first step of the workpiece W2
Step (denoted as W2-1) and a second step (W2
-2) are referred to as W1-1, W2-
By performing the operations in the order of 1, W1-2, and W2-2, the reversing operation of the workpiece and the moving operation of the spindle 5 can be performed in parallel, and the reversing operation of the workpiece and the transport operation during the non-cutting time are performed. Time can be reduced.
【００４９】以上に説明した加工順序ではなく、従来の
ように、Ｗ１−１，Ｗ１−２，Ｗ２−１，Ｗ２−２とい
う順序で加工を行うこともできるが、このようにすると
工作物の反転動作が終了するまで、主軸５をほとんど移
動させずに待たせておくことになり、前述の本発明の加
工順序に比較して非切削時間が増大してしまう。したが
って、本発明の加工順序によれば、従来の加工順序に比
較して、非切削時間を短縮することができ、工作機械の
稼働率を向上させることができる。The processing can be performed in the order of W1-1, W1-2, W2-1, and W2-2 instead of the processing order described above. Until the reversing operation is completed, the main shaft 5 is kept almost without moving, and the non-cutting time is increased as compared with the above-described machining sequence of the present invention. Therefore, according to the processing sequence of the present invention, the non-cutting time can be reduced and the operation rate of the machine tool can be improved as compared with the conventional processing sequence.
【００５０】なお、工作物載置部３１，３２に工作物が
同時に搬出入されるものとして、加工順序の説明をした
が、複数の工作物載置部が連鎖状に設けられ、所望の工
作物載置部が順次工作物授受位置に回転割り出しされる
ロータリ型ワークフィーダ等であってもよい。このよう
な、ロータリ型ワークフィーダの場合には、主軸台４
（主軸５）の主軸軸線と直交する方向の移動軌跡上に、
チャック６がワークフィーダ３から未加工工作物を受け
取る未加工工作物授受位置３３ａ（図９参照）と、チャ
ック６がワークフィーダ３に加工済工作物を渡す加工済
工作物授受位置３３ｂ（図９参照）を設け、未加工工作
物授受位置３３ａに未加工工作物を載置した工作物載置
部を位置させたときに、同時に、加工済工作物授受位置
３３ｂに加工済工作物を載置する工作物載置部が位置で
きるようにすればよい。このようにすると、加工済工作
物を渡す動作と未加工工作物を受け取る動作とを連続し
て行う場合に、工作物載置装置の割り出し動作が入らな
いので授受時間の短縮が図れるので好ましい。Although the processing order has been described assuming that the workpieces are simultaneously carried in and out of the workpiece mounting sections 31 and 32, a plurality of workpiece mounting sections are provided in a chain and a desired workpiece is installed. It may be a rotary type work feeder or the like in which the object placing section is sequentially indexed to be rotated to the workpiece transfer position. In the case of such a rotary type work feeder, the headstock 4
On a movement trajectory in a direction orthogonal to the main shaft axis of (main shaft 5),
The unprocessed workpiece transfer position 33a where the chuck 6 receives the unprocessed workpiece from the work feeder 3 (see FIG. 9), and the processed workpiece transfer position 33b where the chuck 6 transfers the processed workpiece to the work feeder 3 (see FIG. 9). Is provided, and when the work placement portion on which the unprocessed work is placed is positioned at the unprocessed work transfer position 33a, the processed work is simultaneously placed at the processed work transfer position 33b. What is necessary is just to be able to position the workpiece mounting part to perform. In this case, when the operation of delivering the processed workpiece and the operation of receiving the unprocessed workpiece are continuously performed, the indexing operation of the workpiece mounting device is not performed, so that the transfer time can be shortened, which is preferable.
【００５１】以上に例示したように、ワークフィーダと
してはいろいろな種類のワークフィーダが存在するが、
いずれのタイプのワークフィーダであっても、第１工程
の加工が終了した工作物を反転装置７で反転させる動作
と、主軸５が加工や搬送を行う動作とを並行して行える
ようにすれば、非切削時間を短絡させることができる。
すなわち、反転装置７の反転動作中に、主軸５が反転装
置７上方でただ待っているのではなく、加工や搬送等の
動作を行うようにすることで非切削時間の短縮が図れ
る。As exemplified above, there are various types of work feeders as work feeders.
Regardless of the type of work feeder, if the operation of reversing the workpiece after the processing in the first step is performed by the reversing device 7 and the operation of the main spindle 5 for performing processing and transport can be performed in parallel. The non-cutting time can be short circuited.
That is, during the reversing operation of the reversing device 7, the non-cutting time can be reduced by performing operations such as processing and transporting, instead of the main shaft 5 merely waiting above the reversing device 7.
【００５２】例えば、６個の工作物を順次回転割り出し
て加工するロータリ型ワークフィーダの場合には、第ｎ
番目の工作物の第ｍ工程の加工をＷｎ−ｍと表記する
と、Ｗ１−１，Ｗ２−１，Ｗ１−２，Ｗ２−２，Ｗ３−
１，Ｗ４−１，Ｗ３−２，Ｗ４−２，Ｗ５−１，Ｗ６−
１，Ｗ５−２，Ｗ６−２という順序で加工すればよい。
次に、この加工順序の動作をワークフィーダ３の動作を
中心に図９および図１０を参照して説明する。For example, in the case of a rotary type work feeder for sequentially rotating and processing six workpieces, an n-th work feeder is used.
If the processing of the m-th step of the m-th workpiece is expressed as Wn-m, W1-1, W2-1, W1-2, W2-2, W3-
1, W4-1, W3-2, W4-2, W5-1, W6-
Processing may be performed in the order of 1, W5-2, and W6-2.
Next, the operation in this processing order will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10, focusing on the operation of the work feeder 3. FIG.
【００５３】ワークフィーダ３には、主軸軸線の移動軌
跡Ｌ上に未加工工作物授受位置３３ａと加工済工作物授
受位置３３ｂとが設定されており、これらの位置に２つ
の工作物載置部を同時に位置決めすることができる。図
９（ａ）に示すように、最初は、ワークフィーダ３の工
作物載置部３３−１，３３−２，…，３３−６には、未
加工工作物Ｗ１，…，Ｗ６が載置されている。未加工工
作物授受位置３３ａに位置している工作物載置部３３−
１から未加工工作物Ｗ１をチャック６が把持する。図９
（ｂ）に示すように、未加工工作物Ｗ１は加工領域１７
に搬送され、未加工工作物Ｗ１には第１工程の加工がな
される。そして、図９（ｃ）に示すように、ワークフィ
ーダ３を１ピッチ割り出し回転させ、未加工工作物Ｗ２
を載置している工作物載置部３３−２が未加工工作物授
受位置３３ａに位置するようにする。In the work feeder 3, an unprocessed workpiece transfer position 33a and a processed workpiece transfer position 33b are set on the movement trajectory L of the spindle axis, and two workpiece mounting portions are set at these positions. Can be positioned simultaneously. As shown in FIG. 9A, initially, the unprocessed workpieces W1,..., W6 are placed on the workpiece loading sections 33-1, 33-2,. Have been. The work placement part 33- located at the unworked work transfer position 33a
The chuck 6 grips the unprocessed workpiece W1 from No. 1. FIG.
As shown in (b), the unmachined workpiece W1 is
And the unprocessed workpiece W1 is processed in the first step. Then, as shown in FIG. 9 (c), the work feeder 3 is indexed and rotated by one pitch, and the unprocessed workpiece W2 is rotated.
Is placed at the unprocessed workpiece transfer position 33a.
【００５４】工作物Ｗ１の第１工程の加工が終了した中
間工作物は、反転保持部材７２に渡される。反転装置７
は工作物Ｗ１の反転を行う。チャック６は工作物授受領
域１８に移動し、工作物載置部３３−２上の未加工工作
物Ｗ２を把持する。図９（ｄ）に示すように、未加工工
作物Ｗ１は加工領域１７に搬送され、加工領域１７で未
加工工作物Ｗ２に第１工程の加工が行われる。工作物Ｗ
２の第１工程の加工が終了した中間工作物は、チャック
６から反転保持部材７２に渡される。その後、チャック
６は反転の終了した工作物Ｗ１を保持部材７１から把持
し、加工領域１７に移動して工作物Ｗ１に第２工程の加
工を行う。反転装置７は工作物Ｗ２の反転を行う。The intermediate workpiece, which has been processed in the first step of the workpiece W1, is transferred to the reversing holding member 72. Reversing device 7
Performs the reversal of the workpiece W1. The chuck 6 moves to the workpiece transfer area 18 and grips the unprocessed workpiece W2 on the workpiece mounting part 33-2. As shown in FIG. 9D, the unprocessed workpiece W1 is conveyed to the processing area 17, where the unprocessed workpiece W2 is processed in the first step. Workpiece W
The intermediate workpiece on which the processing in the second step has been completed is transferred from the chuck 6 to the reversing holding member 72. Thereafter, the chuck 6 holds the inverted workpiece W1 from the holding member 71, moves to the processing area 17, and performs the second process on the workpiece W1. The reversing device 7 reverses the workpiece W2.
【００５５】第２工程の加工が終了した加工済工作物Ｗ
１ｂは、工作物授受領域１８に搬送され、図１０（ｅ）
に示すように、加工済工作物授受位置３３ｂに位置して
いる工作物載置部３３−１に載置される。次に、図１０
（ｆ）に示すように、ワークフィーダ３を１ピッチ割り
出し回転させ、加工済工作物授受位置３３ｂに工作物載
置部３３−２を位置させる。The processed workpiece W after the processing in the second step is completed
1b is conveyed to the workpiece transfer area 18, and is moved to the state shown in FIG.
As shown in (1), the workpiece is placed on the workpiece placement section 33-1 located at the processed workpiece transfer position 33b. Next, FIG.
As shown in (f), the work feeder 3 is indexed and rotated by one pitch, and the work placement portion 33-2 is positioned at the processed work transfer position 33b.
【００５６】チャック６は保持部材７１から反転の終了
した工作物Ｗ２を把持し、加工領域１７に移動して工作
物Ｗ２に第２工程の加工を行う。加工の終了した加工済
工作物Ｗ２ｂは、図１０（ｇ）に示すように、工作物載
置部３３−２に載置される。さらに、チャック６は、未
加工工作物授受位置３３ａに位置している工作物載置部
３３−３から未加工工作物Ｗ３を把持して加工を行う。
そして、工作物Ｗ１，Ｗ２について説明した図９（ａ）
から図１０（ｇ）の手順に従って、工作物Ｗ３，Ｗ４、
工作物Ｗ５，Ｗ６を組み合わせて加工を行うと、前述の
ようなＷ１−１，Ｗ２−１，Ｗ１−２，Ｗ２−２，Ｗ３
−１，Ｗ４−１…という順序で加工することができる。The chuck 6 grips the inverted workpiece W2 from the holding member 71, moves to the processing area 17, and performs the second process on the workpiece W2. The processed workpiece W2b that has been processed is mounted on the workpiece mounting section 33-2 as shown in FIG. Further, the chuck 6 grips and processes the unprocessed workpiece W3 from the workpiece mounting portion 33-3 located at the unprocessed workpiece transfer position 33a.
FIG. 9A illustrating the workpieces W1 and W2.
According to the procedure of FIG. 10 (g), the workpieces W3, W4,
When machining is performed by combining the workpieces W5 and W6, W1-1, W2-1, W1-2, W2-2, and W3 as described above are performed.
-1, W4-1...
【００５７】さらには、主軸が工作物なしで移動する手
順を極力減らすようにして、Ｗ１−１，Ｗ２−１，Ｗ１
−２，Ｗ３−１，Ｗ２−２，Ｗ４−１，Ｗ３−２，Ｗ５
−１，Ｗ４−２，Ｗ６−１，Ｗ５−２，Ｗ６−２という
順序で加工すれば、さらに非切削時間を短縮することが
できる。すなわち、Ｎを任意の正の整数とし、Ｎ＋１番
目の工作物の一方の側に第１工程の加工を行い、Ｎ＋１
番目の工作物を反転装置７に渡すとともに反転されたＮ
番目の工作物を受け取り、Ｎ番目の工作物の他方の側に
第２工程の加工を行うような手順を含む加工方法とすれ
ばよい。そうすることで、工作物の数がいくつであって
も同様に加工することができる。Furthermore, the procedure for moving the spindle without the workpiece is reduced as much as possible, so that W1-1, W2-1, W1
−2, W3-1, W2-2, W4-1, W3-2, W5
If machining is performed in the order of -1, W4-2, W6-1, W5-2, and W6-2, the non-cutting time can be further reduced. That is, N is an arbitrary positive integer, the first step is processed on one side of the (N + 1) th workpiece, and N + 1
The second workpiece is passed to the reversing device 7 and the inverted N
The processing method may include a procedure of receiving the N-th workpiece and performing the second-step processing on the other side of the N-th workpiece. By doing so, processing can be performed in the same manner regardless of the number of workpieces.
【００５８】なお、以上の実施の形態においては、主軸
移動型立形工作機械としては立て旋盤を例にして説明し
たが、立て旋盤以外にもターニングセンタ、研削盤、マ
シニングセンタ等の他の任意の工作機械にも適用でき
る。また、主軸の軸線方向が鉛直方向を向いているもの
として説明したが、主軸の軸線方向が鉛直方向以外の方
向を向いている工作機械であってもよい。In the above embodiment, a vertical lathe has been described as an example of the main spindle moving type vertical machine tool. However, in addition to the vertical lathe, any other arbitrary center such as a turning center, a grinding machine, a machining center and the like can be used. Applicable to machine tools. Also, although the description has been made assuming that the axis direction of the main shaft is oriented in the vertical direction, a machine tool in which the axis direction of the main axis is oriented in a direction other than the vertical direction may be used.
【００５９】また、反転装置において、工作物を反転さ
せるために反転保持部材と向かい合う部材を、工作物を
把持爪の開閉で解放または保持できる保持部材として説
明したが、工作物を載置するだけの載置部材としてもよ
い。In the reversing device, the member facing the reversing holding member for reversing the workpiece has been described as a holding member capable of releasing or holding the workpiece by opening and closing the gripping claws. May be used as the mounting member.
【００６０】さらに、仕切手段に設けられた開閉部材
は、揺動軸の揺動動作に運動して開閉するものとして説
明したが、揺動軸の揺動動作に連動させることなく開閉
部材を流体圧シリング等駆動手段で駆動して開閉するも
のであってもよい。ただし、この場合には、開閉部材の
動作が完了したことを確認する検出部材等が必要とな
る。また、仕切手段に開閉部材を設けることなく、仕切
手段で遮蔽された加工領域外で、反転保持部材とチャッ
クとの間の工作物の授受、反転保持部材の反転動作を行
うものであってもよい。ただし、この場合には、反転装
置を設置するための面積が必要となるので、工作物反転
装置を備えた主軸移動型工作機械全体の設置面積が増加
するおそれがある。Furthermore, the opening / closing member provided in the partitioning means has been described as being opened and closed by moving in accordance with the swinging operation of the swing shaft. It may be opened and closed by being driven by driving means such as pressure shilling. However, in this case, a detection member or the like for confirming that the operation of the opening / closing member has been completed is required. Further, even if the opening / closing member is not provided in the partitioning means, a workpiece is exchanged between the reversing holding member and the chuck and the reversing operation of the reversing holding member is performed outside the processing area shielded by the partitioning means. Good. However, in this case, since an area for installing the reversing device is required, there is a possibility that the installation area of the entire spindle moving machine tool including the workpiece reversing device may be increased.
【００６１】また、揺動アームおよび反転保持部材を第
２の位置（反転保持部材と保持部材が向かい合う位置）
に退避させて加工を行うものと説明したが、退避位置は
仕切手段で遮蔽された加工領域外であればよい。例え
ば、第２の位置の近傍であってもよい。Further, the swing arm and the reversing holding member are moved to the second position (a position where the reversing holding member and the holding member face each other).
Although it has been described that the processing is performed by retreating to the position, the retreat position may be outside the processing area blocked by the partitioning means. For example, it may be near the second position.
【００６２】[0062]
【発明の効果】本発明は、以上説明したように構成され
ているので、以下のような効果を奏する。Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects.
【００６３】工作物反転装置が主軸移動型工作機械上に
設けられ、チャックとの間で工作物を授受可能な保持部
材と、揺動可能かつ退避可能な反転保持部材とを有する
ものであるから、主軸移動型工作機械において、工作物
を自動的に反転して２工程の加工を連続的に能率良く行
うことができる。また、加工中は反転保持部材を退避さ
せておくことにより、切削屑や切削油剤等の付着によっ
て保持精度や反転後の位置決め精度を損なうことが防止
できる。Since the workpiece reversing device is provided on the main spindle moving type machine tool, it has a holding member capable of exchanging a workpiece with the chuck and a reversing holding member capable of swinging and retracting. In a spindle moving type machine tool, a workpiece can be automatically inverted and two steps of machining can be continuously and efficiently performed. In addition, by retracting the reversing holding member during processing, it is possible to prevent the holding accuracy and the positioning accuracy after the reversing from being impaired due to the attachment of cutting chips and cutting oil.
【００６４】工作物反転装置を遮蔽可能な仕切手段と、
仕切手段に開閉可能に設けられた開閉部材とを設置した
ので、加工中に切削屑や切削油剤等が工作物反転装置側
に侵入することがなくなり、切削屑や切削油剤等の付着
による保持精度や反転後の位置決め精度の悪化をさらに
防止できる。Partition means capable of shielding the workpiece reversing device;
Since the partitioning means is provided with an openable and closable member, cutting chips and cutting fluids do not enter the workpiece reversing device during machining, and the holding accuracy due to the attachment of cutting chips and cutting fluids Further, it is possible to further prevent deterioration of the positioning accuracy after the reversal.
【００６５】開閉部材を反転保持部材の揺動に連動して
開閉するようにしたので、開閉部材の開閉制御や開閉部
材の開閉状態の確認が不要となり、工作物反転装置の制
御を簡素化することができるとともに、安全性も向上す
る。Since the opening / closing member is opened / closed in conjunction with the swinging of the reversing holding member, it is not necessary to control the opening / closing of the opening / closing member and to confirm the open / closed state of the opening / closing member, thereby simplifying the control of the workpiece reversing device. And improve safety.
【００６６】保持部材が主軸軸線と平行な方向に移動可
能に設けられているので、工作物の種類に応じて保持部
材の高さ調整を行うことができ、保持部材の位置を工作
物の種類に応じた最適の高さとすることができる。Since the holding member is provided so as to be movable in a direction parallel to the axis of the main shaft, the height of the holding member can be adjusted according to the type of the workpiece, and the position of the holding member can be adjusted according to the type of the workpiece. The height can be optimized according to
【００６７】主軸軸線がほぼ鉛直方向に向くように主軸
が設置されているので、工作物載置部や工作物反転装置
とチャックの間での工作物の授受が簡単になり、工作機
械全体のコストも低減させることができる。Since the spindle is installed so that the spindle axis is oriented substantially vertically, the transfer of the workpiece between the workpiece mounting portion and the workpiece reversing device and the chuck is simplified, and the entire machine tool is provided. Cost can also be reduced.
【００６８】複数の工作物の加工を行う際に、工作物の
加工手順および反転手順を効率よく行うことによって、
非切削時間を短縮することができ、工作機械の稼働率を
向上させることができる。When machining a plurality of workpieces, by efficiently performing the machining procedure and the reversing procedure of the workpiece,
The non-cutting time can be reduced, and the operating rate of the machine tool can be improved.
【図１】図１は、本発明を適用する主軸移動型立形工作
機械の正面図である。FIG. 1 is a front view of a vertical spindle type machine tool to which the present invention is applied.
【図２】図２は、主軸移動型立形工作機械の側面図であ
る。FIG. 2 is a side view of the spindle moving type vertical machine tool.
【図３】図３は、反転装置の正面からの拡大図である。FIG. 3 is an enlarged view from the front of the reversing device.
【図４】図４は、反転装置の平面図である。FIG. 4 is a plan view of the reversing device.
【図５】図５は、反転装置の側面図である。FIG. 5 is a side view of the reversing device.
【図６】図６は、開閉部材の開閉動作を行う機構を示す
図である。FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a mechanism that performs an opening / closing operation of an opening / closing member.
【図７】図７は、複数の工作物の加工および反転手順を
示す図である。FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a procedure of machining and reversing a plurality of workpieces.
【図８】図８は、複数の工作物の加工および反転手順を
示す図である。FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a procedure of machining and reversing a plurality of workpieces.
【図９】図９は、複数の工作物の加工および反転を行う
際のワークフィーダの動作手順を示す図である。FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an operation procedure of a work feeder when processing and reversing a plurality of workpieces.
【図１０】図１０は、複数の工作物の加工および反転を
行う際のワークフィーダの動作手順を示す図である。FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an operation procedure of a work feeder when processing and reversing a plurality of workpieces.
１…主軸移動型立形工作機械 ２…ベッド ３…ワークフィーダ ４…主軸台 ５…主軸 ６…チャック ７…反転装置 ８…仕切部材 １０…ブラケット １１…Ｘ軸ガイドレール １２…サドル １７…加工領域 １８…工作物授受領域 ２１…タレット ２２…加工工具 ２３…刃物台 ２６…Ｚ軸用サーボモータ ２７…壁面 ２８…チャックシリンダ ３１，３２…工作物載置部 ６１…スプラッシュガード ７０…反転装置本体 ７１…保持部材 ７２…反転保持部材 ７３…駆動手段 ７４…揺動アーム ７５…揺動軸 ７６…保持基板 ７７…高さ調整ねじ ７８…高さ調整ハンドル ８１…開閉部材 ８２…歯車 ８３…中間歯車 ８４…開閉歯車 ８５…リンク部材 Ｗ１，Ｗ２…工作物 ７０ａ…固定基板 ７１ａ，７２ａ…把持爪 ７６ａ，７４ａ…ばね DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Spindle moving type vertical machine tool 2 ... Bed 3 ... Work feeder 4 ... Spindle stand 5 ... Spindle 6 ... Chuck 7 ... Reversing device 8 ... Partition member 10 ... Bracket 11 ... X-axis guide rail 12 ... Saddle 17 ... Processing area DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 18 ... Workpiece transfer area 21 ... Turret 22 ... Machining tool 23 ... Turret 26 ... Z-axis servomotor 27 ... Wall surface 28 ... Chuck cylinder 31, 32 ... Workpiece mounting part 61 ... Splash guard 70 ... Reversing device main body 71 ... holding member 72 ... reversing holding member 73 ... driving means 74 ... swing arm 75 ... swing shaft 76 ... holding substrate 77 ... height adjustment screw 78 ... height adjustment handle 81 ... opening and closing member 82 ... gear 83 ... intermediate gear 84 ... Opening / closing gear 85 ... Link member W1, W2 ... Workpiece 70a ... Fixed board 71a, 72a ... Grip claw 76a, 74a ... Spring
Claims (8)
を回転可能に支持する主軸支持体（４）が、少なくとも
主軸軸線方向および主軸軸線と直交する方向に移動可能
な主軸移動型工作機械（１）に設けられた工作物反転装
置であって、 前記主軸支持体（４）の前記主軸軸線と直交する方向の
移動軌跡上に設けられた反転装置本体（７０）と、 前記反転装置本体（７０）に設けられ、前記主軸（５）
前端の前記チャック（６）との間で工作物を授受可能な
載置部材（７１）と、 前記反転装置本体（７０）に対して揺動可能に設けら
れ、前記チャック（６）との間で工作物を授受可能な第
１の位置と、前記載置部材（７１）との間で工作物を授
受可能な第２の位置に揺動して移動し、工作物を保持し
て反転可能な反転保持部材（７２）と、 前記反転保持部材（７２）を揺動させる揺動駆動手段
（７３）とを有し、 前記反転保持部材（７２）は、前記主軸移動型工作機械
（１）が加工を行っているときには、前記第２の位置ま
たは前記第２の位置の近傍に揺動して退避することが可
能なものである主軸移動型工作機械における工作物反転
装置。1. A spindle (5) having a chuck (6) at a front end.
A spindle supporter (4) rotatably supporting the workpiece is provided on a spindle moving type machine tool (1) movable at least in a spindle axis direction and a direction orthogonal to the spindle axis, and A reversing device main body (70) provided on a movement locus of a main shaft support (4) in a direction orthogonal to the main shaft axis; and a main shaft (5) provided on the reversing device main body (70).
A mounting member (71) capable of exchanging a workpiece with the chuck (6) at the front end; and a swinging member provided with respect to the reversing device main body (70). Swings and moves between a first position at which the workpiece can be exchanged and a second position at which the workpiece can be exchanged between the placing member (71), and the workpiece can be held and inverted. A reversing holding member (72), and a rocking drive means (73) for rocking the reversing holding member (72), wherein the reversing holding member (72) is a main spindle moving machine tool (1). A workpiece reversing device in a spindle moving type machine tool capable of swinging and retracting to the second position or the vicinity of the second position when performing machining.
おける工作物反転装置であって、 前記主軸移動型工作機械（１）中の加工を行う加工領域
（１７）から前記反転装置本体（７０）を遮蔽可能な仕
切手段（８）と、 前記仕切手段（８）に開閉可能に設けられ、前記反転保
持部材（７２）を前記加工領域（１７）側に突出可能と
する開閉部材（８１）とを有する主軸移動型工作機械に
おける工作物反転装置。2. A reversing device for a workpiece in a spindle moving type machine tool according to claim 1, wherein a machining area (17) in the spindle moving type machine tool (1) for processing is used to move the reversing device body (1). A partitioning means (8) capable of shielding the 70), and an opening / closing member (81) which is provided in the partitioning means (8) so as to be openable and closable, and enables the reversing holding member (72) to protrude toward the processing area (17). A) a workpiece reversing device in a movable spindle machine tool having:
おける工作物反転装置であって、 前記開閉部材（８１）は、前記反転保持部材（７２）の
揺動に連動して開閉するものである主軸移動型工作機械
における工作物反転装置。3. A workpiece reversing device in a spindle moving type machine tool according to claim 2, wherein said opening / closing member (81) opens and closes in conjunction with swinging of said reversing holding member (72). Workpiece reversing device in a movable spindle machine tool.
軸移動型工作機械における工作物反転装置であって、 前記載置部材（７１）は、前記反転装置本体（７０）に
対して前記主軸軸線と平行な方向に移動可能に設けられ
ているものである主軸移動型工作機械における工作物反
転装置。4. A reversing device for a workpiece in a spindle moving type machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the placing member (71) is arranged with respect to the reversing device main body (70). A workpiece reversing device for a spindle moving type machine tool which is provided so as to be movable in a direction parallel to the spindle axis.
軸移動型工作機械における工作物反転装置であって、 前記主軸（５）は、主軸軸線がほぼ鉛直方向に向くよう
に設置されているものである主軸移動型工作機械におけ
る工作物反転装置。5. A workpiece reversing device for a movable spindle type machine tool according to claim 1, wherein said spindle (5) is installed such that a spindle axis thereof is substantially vertical. Workpiece reversing device for a movable spindle machine tool.
と、前記主軸（５）を回転可能に支持し少なくとも主軸
軸線方向および主軸軸線と直交する方向に移動可能な主
軸支持体（４）と、工作物を反転させる工作物反転装置
（７）であって反転前の工作物と反転後の工作物を同時
に載置可能な工作物反転装置（７）とを備えた主軸移動
型工作機械における加工方法であって、 Ｎを任意の正の整数とし、前記チャック（６）が把持し
たＮ＋１番目の工作物の一方の側に第１工程の加工を行
う手順と、 前記第１工程の加工が終了した前記Ｎ＋１番目の工作物
を前記チャック（６）から前記工作物反転装置（７）に
渡すとともに、反転動作の終了したＮ番目の工作物を前
記チャック（６）が前記工作物反転装置（７）から受け
取る工作物授受手順と、 前記工作物授受手順において前記工作物反転装置（７）
に渡された前記Ｎ＋１番目の工作物を、前記工作物反転
装置（７）によって反転させる工作物反転手順と、 前記工作物反転手順と並行して開始され、前記工作物授
受手順において前記チャック（６）が受け取って把持し
た前記Ｎ番目の工作物の他方の側に第２工程の加工を行
うための手順とを有する主軸移動型工作機械における加
工方法。6. A spindle (5) having a chuck (6) at a front end.
A spindle support (4) rotatably supporting the spindle (5) and movable at least in a spindle axis direction and a direction orthogonal to the spindle axis, and a workpiece reversing device (7) for reversing the workpiece. And a workpiece reversing device (7) capable of simultaneously placing a workpiece before reversing and a workpiece after reversing, in a spindle moving type machine tool, wherein N is an arbitrary positive integer, A procedure of performing a first step machining on one side of the (N + 1) th workpiece gripped by the chuck (6); and removing the (N + 1) th workpiece having completed the first step machining from the chuck (6). A workpiece transfer procedure in which the chuck (6) receives the N-th workpiece whose reversal operation has been completed from the workpiece reversal apparatus (7) while passing the workpiece to the workpiece reversal apparatus (7); In the workpiece reversing device ( )
A workpiece reversal procedure for reversing the (N + 1) th workpiece passed by the workpiece reversing device (7), and a workpiece reversal procedure, which are started in parallel with the workpiece reversal procedure. 6) a procedure for performing a second step of machining on the other side of the N-th workpiece received and gripped by the spindle-movable machine tool.
と、前記主軸（５）を回転可能に支持し少なくとも主軸
軸線方向および主軸軸線と直交する方向に移動可能な主
軸支持体（４）と、工作物を反転させる工作物反転装置
（７）であって反転前の工作物と反転後の工作物を同時
に載置可能な工作物反転装置（７）と、工作物を載置可
能な工作物載置装置（３）とを備えた主軸移動型工作機
械における加工方法であって、 Ｎを任意の正の整数とし、前記チャック（６）が前記工
作物載置装置（３）から受け取ったＮ番目の工作物の一
方の側に第１工程の加工を行う第１の加工手順と、 前記第１の加工手順の終了後、前記Ｎ番目の工作物を前
記チャック（６）から前記工作物反転装置（７）に渡し
て反転させる第１の反転手順と、 前記チャック（６）が前記工作物載置装置（３）から受
け取ったＮ＋１番目の工作物の一方の側に第１工程の加
工を行う第２の加工手順と、 前記第２の加工手順の終了後、前記Ｎ＋１番目の工作物
を前記チャック（６）から前記工作物反転装置（７）に
渡すとともに、反転動作の終了した前記Ｎ番目の工作物
を前記チャック（６）が前記工作物反転装置（７）から
受け取る第１の工作物授受手順と、 前記第１の工作物授受手順において前記工作物反転装置
（７）に渡された前記Ｎ＋１番目の工作物を、前記工作
物反転装置（７）によって反転させる第２の反転手順
と、 前記第２の反転手順と並行して開始され、前記第１の工
作物授受手順において前記チャック（６）が把持した前
記Ｎ番目の工作物の他方の側に第２工程の加工を行うた
めの第３の加工手順と、 第２工程の加工が終了した前記Ｎ番目の工作物を前記チ
ャック（６）から前記工作物載置装置（３）に戻すとと
もに、前記チャック（６）が前記Ｎ＋１番目の工作物を
前記工作物反転装置（７）から受け取る第２の工作物授
受手順と、 前記第２の工作物授受手順において前記チャック（６）
が把持した前記Ｎ＋１番目の工作物の他方の側に第２工
程の加工を行う第４の加工手順と、 第２工程の加工が終了した前記Ｎ＋１番目の工作物を前
記チャック（６）から前記工作物載置装置（３）に戻す
第３の工作物授受手順とを有する主軸移動型工作機械に
おける加工方法。7. A spindle (5) having a chuck (6) at a front end.
A spindle support (4) rotatably supporting the spindle (5) and movable at least in a spindle axis direction and a direction orthogonal to the spindle axis, and a workpiece reversing device (7) for reversing the workpiece. Workpiece reversing device (7) capable of simultaneously placing a workpiece before and after reversing and a workpiece placing device (3) capable of placing a workpiece thereon; A machining method in a machine, wherein N is an arbitrary positive integer, and the chuck (6) performs a first step machining on one side of an N-th workpiece received from the workpiece mounting device (3). And a first reversing procedure for passing the N-th workpiece from the chuck (6) to the workpiece reversing device (7) and reversing the N-th workpiece after the first machining procedure is completed. And the N received by the chuck (6) from the work placement device (3). A second processing procedure for performing a first step processing on one side of a first workpiece; and after the second processing procedure, the (N + 1) th workpiece is removed from the chuck (6) through the chuck (6). A first workpiece transfer procedure in which the chuck (6) receives from the workpiece reversing device (7) the Nth workpiece that has passed the reversing operation and is passed to the reversing device (7); A second reversing procedure for reversing the (N + 1) th workpiece passed to the workpiece reversing device (7) in the workpiece transfer procedure by the workpiece reversing device (7); and a second reversing procedure. A third processing procedure, started in parallel, for performing a second step processing on the other side of the Nth workpiece gripped by the chuck (6) in the first workpiece transfer procedure; The N-th workpiece on which the processing in the second step has been completed. A second workpiece transfer procedure in which the chuck (6) returns the workpiece to the workpiece mounting device (3) and the chuck (6) receives the (N + 1) th workpiece from the workpiece reversing device (7); The chuck (6) in the second workpiece transfer procedure.
A fourth processing procedure of performing a second step processing on the other side of the (N + 1) th workpiece gripped by the above, and removing the (N + 1) th workpiece after the second step processing from the chuck (6) to A machining method in a spindle moving type machine tool having a third workpiece transfer procedure for returning to the workpiece mounting device (3).
作機械における加工方法であって、 前記主軸移動型工作機械は、前記主軸（５）の軸線がほ
ぼ鉛直方向を向いている主軸移動型立形工作機械であ
り、 前記主軸移動型立形工作機械には、工作物を載置可能な
工作物載置装置（３）が並設されており、 前記工作物反転装置（７）は、前記主軸移動型立形工作
機械の加工領域と前記工作物載置装置（３）との中間
に、かつ、前記主軸支持体（４）の前記主軸軸線と直交
する方向の移動軌跡上に位置しているものであることを
特徴とする主軸移動型工作機械における加工方法。8. The machining method for a spindle moving type machine tool according to claim 6, wherein the spindle moving type machine tool has a spindle axis in which an axis of the spindle (5) is oriented substantially vertically. The main spindle moving type vertical machine tool is provided with a workpiece mounting device (3) on which a workpiece can be mounted, and the workpiece reversing device (7) A position between the machining area of the spindle moving type vertical machine tool and the work placing device (3), and on a movement locus of the spindle support (4) in a direction orthogonal to the spindle axis. A machining method for a spindle moving type machine tool, characterized in that:
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001160176A JP2002346806A (en) | 2001-05-29 | 2001-05-29 | Workpiece reversal equipment and processing method in main shaft movement type machine tool |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001160176A JP2002346806A (en) | 2001-05-29 | 2001-05-29 | Workpiece reversal equipment and processing method in main shaft movement type machine tool |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2002346806A true JP2002346806A (en) | 2002-12-04 |
Family
ID=19003634
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001160176A Pending JP2002346806A (en) | 2001-05-29 | 2001-05-29 | Workpiece reversal equipment and processing method in main shaft movement type machine tool |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2002346806A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012504054A (en) * | 2008-09-30 | 2012-02-16 | ペックス・レント・ビー．ブイ． | Assembly and method for machining an object with a milling machine |
| JP2012076187A (en) * | 2010-10-01 | 2012-04-19 | Daihen Corp | Workpiece conveying apparatus |
| CN108972123A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-12-11 | 重庆宏钢数控机床有限公司 | Numerical control and energy saving multistation assists blanking system |
| CN109894911A (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2019-06-18 | 宁夏长兴精密机械有限公司 | Hole-bored axle from end to end class part for automatic feed, water control device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000084773A (en) * | 1998-09-07 | 2000-03-28 | Toyoda Mach Works Ltd | Machine tool equipped with automatic tool exchanger |
| JP2000210833A (en) * | 1999-01-21 | 2000-08-02 | Hitachi Seiki Co Ltd | Workpiece reversing device and method |
| JP2001121301A (en) * | 1999-10-22 | 2001-05-08 | Hitachi Seiki Co Ltd | Moving spindle type vertical machine tool |
-
2001
- 2001-05-29 JP JP2001160176A patent/JP2002346806A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000084773A (en) * | 1998-09-07 | 2000-03-28 | Toyoda Mach Works Ltd | Machine tool equipped with automatic tool exchanger |
| JP2000210833A (en) * | 1999-01-21 | 2000-08-02 | Hitachi Seiki Co Ltd | Workpiece reversing device and method |
| JP2001121301A (en) * | 1999-10-22 | 2001-05-08 | Hitachi Seiki Co Ltd | Moving spindle type vertical machine tool |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012504054A (en) * | 2008-09-30 | 2012-02-16 | ペックス・レント・ビー．ブイ． | Assembly and method for machining an object with a milling machine |
| JP2012076187A (en) * | 2010-10-01 | 2012-04-19 | Daihen Corp | Workpiece conveying apparatus |
| CN108972123A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-12-11 | 重庆宏钢数控机床有限公司 | Numerical control and energy saving multistation assists blanking system |
| CN109894911A (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2019-06-18 | 宁夏长兴精密机械有限公司 | Hole-bored axle from end to end class part for automatic feed, water control device |
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