JP2001239129A - Exhaust gas treatment apparatus and operation method therefor - Google Patents

Exhaust gas treatment apparatus and operation method therefor

Info

Publication number
JP2001239129A
JP2001239129A JP2000058482A JP2000058482A JP2001239129A JP 2001239129 A JP2001239129 A JP 2001239129A JP 2000058482 A JP2000058482 A JP 2000058482A JP 2000058482 A JP2000058482 A JP 2000058482A JP 2001239129 A JP2001239129 A JP 2001239129A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
heat recovery
exhaust gas
heat
recovery device
boiler
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP2000058482A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP4725985B2 (en
Inventor
Takeshi Ito
健 伊東
Fumihiko Sano
文彦 佐野
Masanori Ishizaki
昌典 石崎
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Power Ltd
Original Assignee
Babcock Hitachi KK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Babcock Hitachi KK filed Critical Babcock Hitachi KK
Priority to JP2000058482A priority Critical patent/JP4725985B2/en
Publication of JP2001239129A publication Critical patent/JP2001239129A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP4725985B2 publication Critical patent/JP4725985B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/30Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enhance the heat efficiency of a boiler by effectively recovering the quantity of heat of exhaust gas discharged from an air preheater and to reduce the capacities of an electric precipitator and an induction fan to reduce operation cast. SOLUTION: A heat recovery device 9 is provided to an exhaust gas flow channel on the inlet side of the electric precipitator 4 and a water supply heater 10 is provided to a boiler water supply line 16 and a heating medium circulating communication piping 11 for communicating of the heat recovery device 9 with the water supply heater 10 is provided. A bypass line 12 bypassing the heat recovery device 9 to circulate a heating medium to the water supply heater 10 is provided on the inlet side of the heat recovery device 9 and a heating medium flow rate adjusting valve 13 is provided to the bypass line 12 to control the circulating amount of the heating medium with a heat transfer pipe in the heat recovery device 9 and, when the temperature of the outlet exhaust gas of the air preheater 3 arranged on the upstream side of the electric precipitator 4 of a boiler exhaust gas flow channel is low, the heating medium is allowed to bypass to reduce the inflow amount of the heating medium to the heat recovery device 9 or to prevent the inflow of the heating medium to the heat recovery device 9 to reduce the heat exchange quantity of the heat recovery device 9 and thus the corrosion of the machinery on the downstream side of the electric precipitator 4 is prevented.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は排煙処理システムに
係り、特にボイラの運転及びボイラの排ガスを処理する
のに好適な熱交換器および排煙処理装置に関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a flue gas treatment system, and more particularly to a heat exchanger and a flue gas treatment device suitable for operating a boiler and treating exhaust gas from the boiler.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】従来の排煙処理装置の系統図を図2に示
す。図2において、ボイラ1からの排ガスは脱硝装置2
に導入され、排ガス中の窒素酸化物が除去された後、空
気予熱器3においてボイラ1への燃焼用空気と熱交換さ
れる。次に、排ガスは電気集塵器4に導入され排ガス中
のばいじんの大半が除去された後、誘引ファン5により
昇圧されて、乾式脱硫装置6に導入され、排ガス中の硫
黄酸化物(SOx)が除去される。その後、排ガスは脱
硫ファン7により昇圧され、煙突8により排出される。
2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 2 shows a system diagram of a conventional flue gas treatment apparatus. In FIG. 2, the exhaust gas from the boiler 1 is
After the nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas are removed, the air preheater 3 exchanges heat with the combustion air to the boiler 1. Next, the exhaust gas is introduced into the electrostatic precipitator 4 to remove most of the soot in the exhaust gas. Is removed. Thereafter, the exhaust gas is pressurized by the desulfurization fan 7 and discharged by the chimney 8.

【0003】[0003]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記従来技術の排煙処
理装置において、空気予熱器3から放出される排ガスが
高温のまま煙突8へ放出され、ボイラ熱を無駄に消費
し、熱効率が小さい等の問題を有していた。本発明の課
題は、空気予熱器から放出される排ガスの熱量を有効に
回収してボイラ熱効率の向上と共に、電気集塵器及び誘
引ファン等の容量を低減し、運転費用等を低減すること
にある。
In the above-mentioned conventional flue gas treatment apparatus, the exhaust gas discharged from the air preheater 3 is discharged to the chimney 8 at a high temperature, so that the boiler heat is wasted and the heat efficiency is low. Had the problem of. It is an object of the present invention to improve the boiler thermal efficiency by effectively recovering the calorific value of exhaust gas discharged from an air preheater, reduce the capacity of an electric dust collector and an induction fan, and reduce the operation cost and the like. is there.

【0004】[0004]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記本発明の課題は、電
気集塵器の入口側に熱回収器を設けると共に、ボイラ給
水ラインに給水加熱器を設け、熱回収器と給水加熱器を
熱媒循環用連絡配管で接続することにより達成される。
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide a heat recovery unit at the inlet side of an electrostatic precipitator, a water supply heater in a boiler water supply line, and heat the heat recovery unit and the water supply heater. This is achieved by connecting with a medium circulation connection pipe.

【0005】すなわち、本発明は、ボイラの排ガス中に
含まれるばいじんや硫黄酸化物を処理する集塵器と脱硫
装置を排ガス流路の上流側から順に配置した排煙処理装
置において、集塵器と脱硫装置の間の排ガス流路に熱回
収器を設けると共に、ボイラに給水する給水ラインと該
給水ラインに給水加熱器を設け、前記熱回収器と前記給
水加熱器を連絡する熱媒循環用連絡配管を設けた排煙処
理装置である。
[0005] That is, the present invention relates to a flue gas treatment apparatus in which a dust collector for treating dust and sulfur oxides contained in exhaust gas from a boiler and a desulfurizer are arranged in order from the upstream side of the exhaust gas flow path. A heat recovery device is provided in an exhaust gas flow path between the desulfurization device and a water supply line for supplying water to a boiler and a water supply heater is provided in the water supply line, and a heat medium circulating device that connects the heat recovery device and the water supply heater. This is a flue gas treatment device provided with a communication pipe.

【0006】前記熱媒循環用連絡配管には、熱回収器入
口側熱媒が熱回収器をバイパスして給水加熱器に熱媒を
循環させるバイパスラインを設け、さらに該バイパスラ
インに熱媒流量調整弁を設けることで、熱回収器での熱
交換量を調整することができる。
The connecting line for circulating the heat medium is provided with a bypass line for circulating the heat medium to the feed water heater by bypassing the heat recovery unit at the inlet side of the heat recovery unit. By providing the adjusting valve, the amount of heat exchange in the heat recovery unit can be adjusted.

【0007】本発明の集塵器と脱硫装置は乾式又は/又
は湿式の装置を用いることができる。
The dust collector and desulfurizer of the present invention can use a dry or wet type.

【0008】[0008]

【作用】電気集塵器の入口側の排ガス流路に熱回収器を
設けると共に、ボイラ給水ラインに給水加熱器を設け、
前記熱回収器と給水加熱器を連絡する熱媒循環用連絡配
管を設けたることにより、ボイラ給水温度が上昇及び排
ガス温度が降下し、ボイラ熱効率の向上と共に電気集塵
器及び誘引ファン等の容量の低減が図れる。
[Function] A heat recovery device is provided in the exhaust gas passage on the inlet side of the electric precipitator, and a feed water heater is provided in the boiler feed line.
By providing a communication pipe for heat medium circulation that connects the heat recovery unit and the feed water heater, the boiler feed water temperature rises and the exhaust gas temperature falls, and the boiler heat efficiency is improved and the capacity of the electric dust collector and the induction fan is increased. Can be reduced.

【0009】また、熱回収器入口側には、熱回収器をバ
イパスして給水加熱器に熱媒を循環させるバイパスライ
ンを設けると共に、バイパスラインに熱媒流量調整弁を
設けて熱回収器の伝熱管内を流れる熱媒循環量を制御さ
せることにより、ボイラ排ガス流路の電気集塵器より上
流側に配置される空気予熱器の出口排ガス温度が低い場
合には、熱媒をバイパスさせて熱回収器への熱媒の流入
量を低減させるか、又は流入させないようにして熱回収
器での熱交換量を減少させることができる。この場合に
は、熱回収器の出口排ガス温度の低下を防止でき、熱回
収器から煙突間の排ガス流路内の排ガス中の腐食成分
(硫酸などの硫黄化合物)が露点に達することがなくな
り、例えば電気集塵器、誘引ファンといった、熱回収器
以降の排ガス流路内に配置される機器の腐食防止が可能
となる。
A bypass line for bypassing the heat recovery unit and circulating the heating medium to the feed water heater is provided on the inlet side of the heat recovery unit, and a heat medium flow control valve is provided in the bypass line to provide a heat recovery unit. By controlling the circulation amount of the heat medium flowing in the heat transfer tube, when the exhaust gas temperature at the outlet of the air preheater disposed upstream of the electric precipitator in the boiler exhaust gas passage is low, the heat medium is bypassed. The amount of heat exchange in the heat recovery unit can be reduced by reducing or preventing the flow of the heat medium into the heat recovery unit. In this case, the temperature of the exhaust gas at the outlet of the heat recovery unit can be prevented from lowering, and corrosive components (sulfur compounds such as sulfuric acid) in the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas flow path from the heat recovery unit to the chimney do not reach the dew point. For example, it is possible to prevent corrosion of devices such as an electric dust collector and an induction fan, which are disposed in an exhaust gas channel after the heat recovery device.

【0010】[0010]

【発明の実施の形態】本発明による、排煙処理システム
の系統の実施の形態を図1に示す。図1に示す本発明の
実施の形態では、ボイラ給水ライン16に給水加熱器1
0を設け、さらに、熱回収器9と給水加熱器10を接続
する熱交換器連絡配管11と該熱交換器連絡配管11の
バイパスライン12及び該バイパスライン12に熱媒流
量調整弁13を設けており、高温側の排ガスと低温側の
水との熱交換を行う構成が、図2に示す従来の排煙処理
システムに比較して相違している。
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a system of a flue gas treatment system according to the present invention. In the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1, the feed water heater 1 is connected to the boiler feed line 16.
0, and a heat exchanger communication pipe 11 for connecting the heat recovery unit 9 and the feed water heater 10, a bypass line 12 of the heat exchanger communication pipe 11, and a heat medium flow control valve 13 in the bypass line 12. The configuration for performing heat exchange between the high-temperature side exhaust gas and the low-temperature side water is different from the conventional flue gas treatment system shown in FIG.

【0011】図1において、ボイラ1からの排ガスは脱
硝装置2に導入され、排ガス中の窒素酸化物が除去され
た後、空気予熱器3においてボイラ1への燃焼用空気と
熱交換される。次に、空気予熱器3出口排ガスは熱回収
器9に導入され、熱回収される。熱回収器9で熱回収さ
れた排ガスは電気集塵器4に導入され、排ガス中のばい
じんの大半が除去された後、誘引ファン5により昇圧さ
れて、乾式脱硫装置6に導入される。乾式脱硫装置6で
は排ガス中の硫黄酸化物(SOx)が除去され、その
後、排ガスは脱硫ファン7により昇圧され、煙突8から
排出される。
In FIG. 1, the exhaust gas from the boiler 1 is introduced into a denitration device 2 and, after nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas are removed, heat is exchanged with air for combustion into the boiler 1 in an air preheater 3. Next, the exhaust gas at the outlet of the air preheater 3 is introduced into the heat recovery unit 9 and recovered. The exhaust gas heat recovered by the heat recovery device 9 is introduced into the electrostatic precipitator 4, and after most of the dust in the exhaust gas is removed, the exhaust gas is pressurized by the induction fan 5 and introduced into the dry desulfurization device 6. In the dry desulfurization device 6, sulfur oxides (SOx) in the exhaust gas are removed, and then the exhaust gas is pressurized by the desulfurization fan 7 and discharged from the chimney 8.

【0012】一方、熱回収器9で排ガスより熱回収した
熱媒は熱交換器連絡配管11より給水加熱器10に導入
され、ボイラ給水の加熱を行った後、熱交換器連絡配管
11より再び熱回収器9に導入される。
On the other hand, the heat medium recovered from the exhaust gas by the heat recovery unit 9 is introduced into the feed water heater 10 through the heat exchanger communication pipe 11, and after the boiler feed water is heated, the heat medium is again transmitted through the heat exchanger communication pipe 11. It is introduced into the heat recovery unit 9.

【0013】ボイラ1起動時の空気運転時やボイラ1の
点火直後の空気予熱器3の出口排ガス温度が低い場合
に、必要によっては加熱を要する場合もあるが、熱回収
器9での熱回収量を制限して熱回収器9の出口排ガス温
度の低下を防止するために、熱媒の全量または一部が給
水加熱器10をバイパスするバイパスライン12を通過
するように切り替えると共に、熱回収器9を通過するガ
スが露点温度以上となるように、熱回収器9の入口排ガ
ス温度計14と熱回収器出口排ガス温度計15の信号に
対して、熱交換器連絡配管11の熱媒バイパス量、すな
わちバイパスライン12の熱媒流量を制御する。
Heating may be required if necessary at the time of air operation at the time of starting the boiler 1 or when the temperature of exhaust gas at the outlet of the air preheater 3 is low immediately after ignition of the boiler 1. In order to limit the amount and prevent the exhaust gas temperature at the outlet of the heat recovery unit 9 from lowering, switching is performed so that the entire or a part of the heat medium passes through the bypass line 12 that bypasses the feed water heater 10, and the heat recovery unit In response to signals from the exhaust gas thermometer 14 at the inlet of the heat recovery unit 9 and the exhaust gas thermometer 15 at the outlet of the heat recovery unit, the heat medium bypass amount of the heat exchanger communication pipe 11 is set so that the gas passing through the heat recovery unit 9 has a dew point temperature or higher. That is, the heat medium flow rate in the bypass line 12 is controlled.

【0014】本発明による上記運用方法により、ボイラ
1の起動時の空気運転時やボイラ1点火直後の熱回収器
9の入口排ガス温度が低い場合に、熱回収器9での熱交
換量が減少するので、熱回収器9の出口排ガス温度の低
下を防止することができる。そのため、熱回収器9から
煙突8までの間で排ガスが露点に達することがなくな
り、例えば電気集塵器4、誘引ファン5といった、熱回
収器9の後流機器に対する腐食防止が可能となる。
According to the above-mentioned operation method according to the present invention, the amount of heat exchange in the heat recovery unit 9 is reduced when the boiler 1 is operated in the air mode or when the exhaust gas temperature at the inlet of the heat recovery unit 9 is low immediately after the boiler 1 is ignited. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the exhaust gas temperature at the outlet of the heat recovery unit 9. Therefore, the exhaust gas does not reach the dew point between the heat recovery device 9 and the chimney 8, and it is possible to prevent corrosion of downstream devices of the heat recovery device 9 such as the electric dust collector 4 and the induction fan 5.

【0015】以上の運用を行った後、熱回収器9の入口
排ガス温度が、熱回収器9で熱回収を行っても熱回収器
9の出口排ガス温度が設定値以上になる温度に達した段
階で、バイパスライン12の熱媒流量調整弁13を閉と
し、通常の運転状態に移行する。
After the above operation, the temperature of the exhaust gas at the inlet of the heat recovery unit 9 reaches a temperature at which the temperature of the exhaust gas at the outlet of the heat recovery unit 9 exceeds the set value even if the heat recovery is performed by the heat recovery unit 9. At this stage, the heat medium flow control valve 13 of the bypass line 12 is closed, and the operation shifts to a normal operation state.

【0016】[0016]

【発明の効果】本発明による排煙処理システムとその運
用方法を用いることにより、ボイラ効率向上と共に電気
集塵器及び誘引ファン等の容量の低減、ユーティリティ
使用量の低減ができ、熱回収器の入口排ガス温度が低い
場合においても、熱回収器の後流機器に対する腐食防止
が可能となる。
By using the flue gas treatment system and its operation method according to the present invention, it is possible to improve the boiler efficiency, reduce the capacity of the electric dust collector and the induction fan, and reduce the amount of utility used. Even when the inlet exhaust gas temperature is low, it is possible to prevent corrosion of downstream devices of the heat recovery unit.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図1】 本発明になる排煙処理システムの系統を示す
図である。
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a system of a flue gas treatment system according to the present invention.

【図2】 従来技術における排煙処理システムの系統を
示す図である。
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a system of a flue gas treatment system according to the related art.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

1 ボイラ 2 脱硝装置 3 空気予熱器 4 電気集塵器 5 誘引ファン 6 乾式脱硫装置 7 脱硫ファン 8 煙突 9 熱回収器 10 給水加熱器 11 熱交換器連絡配管 12 バイパスライン 13 熱媒流量調整弁 14 熱回収器入口排ガ
ス温度計 15 熱回収器出口排ガス温度計 16 ボイラ給水ライン
REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 boiler 2 denitration device 3 air preheater 4 electric precipitator 5 induction fan 6 dry desulfurization device 7 desulfurization fan 8 chimney 9 heat recovery unit 10 feed water heater 11 heat exchanger communication pipe 12 bypass line 13 heat medium flow control valve 14 Exhaust gas thermometer at heat recovery unit inlet 15 Exhaust gas thermometer at heat recovery unit outlet 16 Boiler water supply line

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 FI テーマコート゛(参考) F23J 15/06 (72)発明者 石崎 昌典 東京都港区浜松町二丁目4番1号 バブコ ック日立株式会社内 Fターム(参考) 3K070 DA03 DA07 DA48 4D002 AA02 AA12 AC01 BA03 BA12 BA14 CA11 CA13 CA20 DA05 DA12 EA02 GA02 GA03 GB03 GB04 HA08 HA10 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. 7 Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) F23J 15/06 (72) Inventor Masanori Ishizaki 2-4-1 Hamamatsucho, Minato-ku, Tokyo Babcock Hitachi F term in the company (reference) 3K070 DA03 DA07 DA48 4D002 AA02 AA12 AC01 BA03 BA12 BA14 CA11 CA13 CA20 DA05 DA12 EA02 GA02 GA03 GB03 GB04 HA08 HA10

Claims (4)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 ボイラの排ガス中に含まれるばいじんや
硫黄酸化物を処理する集塵器と脱硫装置を排ガス流路の
上流側から順に配置した排煙処理装置において、 集塵器と脱硫装置の間の排ガス流路に熱回収器を設ける
と共に、ボイラに給水する給水ラインと該給水ラインに
給水加熱器を設け、前記熱回収器と前記給水加熱器を連
絡する熱媒循環用連絡配管を設けたことを特徴とする排
煙処理装置。
1. A flue gas treatment device in which a dust collector and a desulfurization device for treating dust and sulfur oxides contained in flue gas of a boiler are arranged in order from the upstream side of an exhaust gas passage. A heat recovery device is provided in the exhaust gas passage between the two, a water supply line for supplying water to the boiler, a water supply heater is provided in the water supply line, and a heat medium circulation connection pipe for connecting the heat recovery device and the water supply heater is provided. A flue gas treatment device characterized by the following.
【請求項2】 熱媒循環用連絡配管には、熱回収器入口
側熱媒が熱回収器をバイパスして給水加熱器に熱媒を循
環させるバイパスラインを設けたことを特徴とする請求
項1記載の排煙処理装置。
2. A connecting line for circulating a heat medium, wherein a bypass line is provided for circulating the heat medium to a feedwater heater by bypassing the heat recovery unit with the heat medium on the inlet side of the heat recovery unit. 2. The smoke exhaust treatment device according to 1.
【請求項3】 バイパスラインに熱媒流量調整弁を設け
たことを特徴とする請求項2記載の排煙処理装置。
3. The flue gas treatment apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a heat medium flow control valve is provided in the bypass line.
【請求項4】 請求項3記載の排煙処理装置を用いて、
ボイラ排ガス流路の電気集塵器より上流側の排ガス温度
が低い場合には、熱媒流量調整弁を開き、熱媒をバイパ
スさせて熱回収器に熱媒が流入しないようにするか、熱
媒流入量が低減するようにして熱回収器での熱交換量を
減少させる排煙処理装置の運転方法。
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein
If the temperature of the exhaust gas upstream of the electric precipitator in the boiler exhaust gas channel is low, open the heat medium flow control valve and bypass the heat medium to prevent the heat medium from flowing into the heat recovery unit, or A method for operating a flue gas treatment apparatus that reduces the amount of heat exchange in a heat recovery unit by reducing the medium inflow amount.
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