JP2002370012A - Exhaust gas treatment apparatus - Google Patents
Exhaust gas treatment apparatusInfo
- Publication number
- JP2002370012A JP2002370012A JP2001178856A JP2001178856A JP2002370012A JP 2002370012 A JP2002370012 A JP 2002370012A JP 2001178856 A JP2001178856 A JP 2001178856A JP 2001178856 A JP2001178856 A JP 2001178856A JP 2002370012 A JP2002370012 A JP 2002370012A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- exhaust gas
- heat exchanger
- heat
- boiler
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/08—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of heaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2900/00—Special arrangements for conducting or purifying combustion fumes; Treatment of fumes or ashes
- F23J2900/15081—Reheating of flue gases
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
- Air Supply (AREA)
- Chimneys And Flues (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は排煙処理装置に係
り、特にボイラ等の燃焼装置から排出されるばい煙や硫
黄酸化物（以下、ＳＯｘと略す）を除去するために使用
される排煙処理装置に関する。The present invention relates to relates to a flue gas treatment apparatus, a flue gas, in particular soot and sulfur oxide exhausted from the combustion apparatus such as a boiler (hereinafter abbreviated as SO x) is used to remove the It relates to a processing device.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】湿式排煙脱硫装置（以下、脱硫装置と略
す）では、排ガス中のＳＯｘを除去するために排ガスと
吸収液との気液接触が行われる。これにより吸収塔（脱
硫装置）出口ガス温度が例えば約５０℃と飽和温度以下
まで低下するため、吸収塔出口ガスは煙突からの白煙防
止および拡散に適した温度まで再加熱されたのち、煙突
から排出されている。このガス再加熱装置としては、空
気予熱器出口ガスもしくは脱硫装置入口ガスの熱を利用
するのが一般的である。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Wet flue gas desulfurization apparatus (hereinafter referred to as desulfurization), the gas-liquid contact between the exhaust gas and the absorption liquid to remove SO x in the exhaust gas takes place. As a result, the temperature of the gas at the outlet of the absorption tower (desulfurization unit) is reduced to, for example, about 50 ° C. or less, which is lower than the saturation temperature. Has been discharged from As this gas reheating device, it is common to use the heat of the gas at the outlet of the air preheater or the gas at the inlet of the desulfurization device.
【０００３】図５は、最近の厳しい環境規制値に適用さ
れている排煙処理装置の系統図である。この装置はボイ
ラ１と、このボイラ１の排ガスの熱を回収するための空
気予熱器３と、空気予熱器３出口排ガス温度を低下させ
て熱を回収する熱交換器（以下、熱回収器と称す）４
と、排ガス中のばい煙を除去するための電気集塵機５
と、排ガスの昇圧を行う誘引通風機６、後述の脱硫装置
７に排ガスを導く脱硫通風機９と、排ガス中のＳＯｘを
除去する脱硫装置７と、脱硫された排ガスの熱を熱回収
器４で回収し、さらに再加熱する熱交換器（以下、再加
熱器と称す）８とから構成される。これらの空気予熱器
３、熱回収器４、電気集塵機５、誘引通風機６、脱硫通
風機９、脱硫装置７、再加熱器８は、ボイラ１から煙突
１０に至る煙道５０に前述の順に設けられれ、ボイラ１
からの排ガスに所定の処理を施し、排ガスを煙突１０か
ら大気中に散気する。FIG. 5 is a system diagram of a flue gas treatment apparatus applied to recent severe environmental regulation values. The apparatus includes a boiler 1, an air preheater 3 for recovering heat of exhaust gas from the boiler 1, and a heat exchanger (hereinafter referred to as a heat recovery device) for recovering heat by lowering an exhaust gas temperature at an outlet of the air preheater 3. Name) 4
And an electric precipitator 5 for removing soot and smoke in exhaust gas
If, induced draft fan 6 performs the boosting of the exhaust gas, and desulfurization ventilators 9 for guiding the exhaust gas desulfurization apparatus 7 will be described later, the desulfurization apparatus 7 for removing SO x in the exhaust gas, the heat recovery unit to heat the desulfurized exhaust gas 4, a heat exchanger (hereinafter, referred to as a reheater) 8 for reheating. The air preheater 3, the heat recovery unit 4, the electric precipitator 5, the induction ventilator 6, the desulfurization ventilator 9, the desulfurization unit 7, and the reheater 8 are arranged in a stack 50 from the boiler 1 to the chimney 10 in the order described above. Provided, boiler 1
A predetermined process is performed on the exhaust gas from the exhaust gas, and the exhaust gas is diffused from the chimney 10 into the atmosphere.
【０００４】ガス再加熱装置は熱回収器４と再加熱器８
とで構成され、熱回収器４と再加熱器８は連絡配管１
１，１２で接続されており、連絡配管１１，１２内の熱
媒をポンプ等で強制循環させる方式や、ヒートパイプを
利用して熱媒を自然循環させる方式が一般に用いられて
いる。連絡配管１１には流量調整器３０が設けられ、こ
の流量調整器３０の開度は図示しない制御装置によって
制御され、前述のように煙突１０からの白煙防止および
拡散に適した温度まで再加熱される。[0004] The gas reheating device includes a heat recovery unit 4 and a reheating unit 8.
And the heat recovery unit 4 and the reheater 8 are connected to the connecting pipe 1.
A system in which the heat medium in the communication pipes 11 and 12 is forcibly circulated by a pump or the like and a system in which the heat medium is naturally circulated using a heat pipe are generally used. The communication pipe 11 is provided with a flow rate regulator 30. The opening of the flow rate regulator 30 is controlled by a control device (not shown), and is reheated to a temperature suitable for prevention and diffusion of white smoke from the chimney 10 as described above. Is done.
【０００５】一方、空気予熱器３の出口側と電気集塵機
５の入口側には温度検出器２０，２１が設けられ、この
温度検出器２０，２１によって検出された温度に基づい
てシステムの運転状態が制御される。On the other hand, temperature detectors 20 and 21 are provided at the outlet side of the air preheater 3 and at the inlet side of the electric precipitator 5, and based on the temperatures detected by the temperature detectors 20, 21, the operation state of the system is determined. Is controlled.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】最近、エネルギーの多
様化に伴いボイラ燃料の重油から石炭への転換によるボ
イラ排ガス中の煤塵量の増加と環境規制の強化に伴う煙
突入口の煤塵量の低減や、地球温暖化からＣＯ２削減す
るためのボイラ効率の向上が要求されている。その際、
前述のように高度な熱回収性能及び煤塵性能を得るため
には、再生式空気予熱器３の容量を増し、また、排煙処
理装置の電気集塵機５の容量を増加させる必要がある。
しかし、いずれも設備費や運転費の増加を招くという問
題がある。Recently, with the diversification of energy, the amount of dust in boiler exhaust gas has increased due to the conversion of boiler fuel from heavy oil to coal. There is a demand for improvement in boiler efficiency for reducing CO 2 from global warming. that time,
As described above, in order to obtain advanced heat recovery performance and dust performance, it is necessary to increase the capacity of the regenerative air preheater 3 and the capacity of the electric precipitator 5 of the smoke exhaust treatment device.
However, each of these methods has a problem that the equipment cost and the operating cost are increased.
【０００７】一方、熱回収の向上及び電気集塵性能の向
上は煤塵の電気抵抗に依存し、また煤塵の電気抵抗はガ
スの関係湿度により影響を受けることも知られている。
電気集塵性能は排ガスの関係湿度を上げ、煤塵の電気抵
抗を低下させることにより向上させることができる。ま
た、煤塵の電気抵抗を下げる方法として、空気予熱器３
の容量を大きくして電気集塵機５の入口ガス温度を下げ
る方法がある。On the other hand, it is known that the improvement of heat recovery and the improvement of the electric dust collection performance depend on the electric resistance of the dust, and the electric resistance of the dust is affected by the relative humidity of the gas.
The electric dust collection performance can be improved by increasing the relative humidity of the exhaust gas and decreasing the electric resistance of the dust. As a method of reducing the electric resistance of dust, an air preheater 3 is used.
There is a method of increasing the capacity of the dust collector to lower the gas temperature at the inlet of the electrostatic precipitator 5.
【０００８】しかしながら、ボイラ出口ガス中に、燃焼
に伴って酸化されたＳＯ３がＳＯ２濃度の約２〜３％
（ＳＯ２濃度１０００ｐｐｍで２０〜３０ｐｐｍ）存在
するため、ガス温度を下げすぎると空気予熱器２の低温
端メタル温度の低下によりＳＯ ３が凝縮し、煤塵と共に
エレメントに固着し、腐食閉鎖を起こすことがある。However, in the boiler outlet gas, combustion
SO oxidized with3Is SO2About 2-3% of concentration
(SO220-30ppm at 1000ppm)
If the gas temperature is too low, the air preheater 2
SO due to lower end metal temperature 3Is condensed, with dust
May stick to elements and cause corrosion closure.
【０００９】本発明は、このような従来技術の実情に鑑
みてなされたもので、その目的は、電気集塵機の集塵性
能の向上を図り、しかもＳＯ３による低温腐食を防止で
き、かつＣＯ２の削減も可能な再生式空気予熱器を提供
することにある。The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances of the prior art, and has as its object to improve the dust collection performance of an electric dust collector, to prevent low-temperature corrosion due to SO 3 , and to reduce CO 2. Another object of the present invention is to provide a regenerative air preheater capable of reducing the amount of air.
【００１０】[0010]
【課題を解決するための手段】前記目的を達成するた
め、第１の手段は、ボイラからの排ガスの熱を回収する
再生式空気予熱器と、ボイラの排ガス中に含まれる煤塵
を除去する電気集塵機と、この電気集塵機入口側に設け
られ、排ガス温度を低下させるための第１の熱交換器
と、硫黄酸化物を除去する脱硫装置と、前記ボイラから
の排ガスを前記再生式空気予熱器、前記熱交換器、前記
電気集塵機および前記脱硫装置を介して煙突から大気中
に放出させる通風装置とを有する排煙処理装置におい
て、前記ボイラ側に空気を供給する送風機と、この送風
機の出口側に設けられ、当該送風機から供給される空気
および前記第１の熱交換器と熱交換する第２の熱交換器
と、前記第１の熱交換器の出口側の排ガス温度を検出す
る第１の温度検出器と、前記第１の熱交換器出口の排ガ
ス温度が前記電気集塵機の後流側で低温腐食が発生しな
い温度を維持するように前記第１の温度検出器によって
検出された温度に基づいて、前記第１および第２の熱交
換器間の熱交換量を制御する第１の制御器とを備えてい
ることを特徴とする。In order to achieve the above object, a first means comprises a regenerative air preheater for recovering heat of exhaust gas from a boiler, and an electric generator for removing dust contained in exhaust gas from the boiler. A dust collector, provided on the inlet side of the electric dust collector, a first heat exchanger for lowering the exhaust gas temperature, a desulfurization device for removing sulfur oxides, and a regenerative air preheater for exhaust gas from the boiler, In the flue gas treatment device having a heat exchanger, a ventilator that discharges air from a chimney through the dust collector and the desulfurization device, a blower that supplies air to the boiler side, and an outlet side of the blower. A second heat exchanger provided for exchanging heat with the air supplied from the blower and the first heat exchanger, and a first temperature for detecting an exhaust gas temperature at an outlet side of the first heat exchanger. A detector, The exhaust gas temperature at the outlet of the first heat exchanger is maintained based on the temperature detected by the first temperature detector so as to maintain a temperature at which low-temperature corrosion does not occur on the downstream side of the electrostatic precipitator. And a first controller for controlling the amount of heat exchange between the second heat exchanger.
【００１１】第２の手段は、第１の手段において、前記
第２の熱交換器をバイパスする連絡管路と、この連絡管
路の出口側であって前記再生式空気予熱器入口側の温度
を検出する第２の温度検出器と、この第２の温度検出器
によって検出された前記再生式空気予熱器入口側の温度
に基づいて、前記連絡管路のバイパス流量を制御する第
２の制御器とをさらに備えていることを特徴とする。[0011] The second means is the first means, wherein a communication pipe bypassing the second heat exchanger and a temperature at an outlet side of the communication pipe and at an inlet side of the regenerative air preheater. And a second control for controlling a bypass flow rate of the connecting pipe based on the temperature of the regenerative air preheater inlet side detected by the second temperature detector. And a vessel.
【００１２】第３の手段は、第１の手段において、前記
第１の制御器による制御が前記第１および第２の熱交換
器間の熱媒体の流量を制御することにより行われること
を特徴とする。A third means is the first means, wherein the control by the first controller is performed by controlling a flow rate of a heat medium between the first and second heat exchangers. And
【００１３】第４の手段は、ボイラからの排ガスの熱を
回収する再生式空気予熱器と、ボイラの排ガス中に含ま
れる煤塵を除去する電気集塵機と、この電気集塵機入口
側に設けられ、排ガス温度を低下させるための第１の熱
交換器と、硫黄酸化物を除去する脱硫装置と、前記ボイ
ラからの排ガスを前記再生式空気予熱器、前記熱交換
器、前記電気集塵機および前記脱硫装置を介して煙突か
ら大気中に放出させる通風装置とを有する排煙処理装置
において、前記脱硫装置の出口側に設けられ、前記脱硫
装置からの排ガスおよび前記第１の熱交換器と熱交換す
る第３の熱交換器と、前記第１の熱交換器の出口側の排
ガス温度を検出する第１の温度検出器と、前記第１の熱
交換器出口の排ガス温度が前記電気集塵機の後流側で低
温腐食が発生しない温度であって、前記煙突の出口から
排出される排ガスが白煙を生じない温度を維持するよう
に前記第１の温度検出器によって検出された温度に基づ
いて、前記第１および第３の熱交換器間の熱交換量を制
御する第３の制御器とを備えていることを特徴とする。Fourth means are a regenerative air preheater for recovering the heat of the exhaust gas from the boiler, an electric precipitator for removing dust contained in the exhaust gas from the boiler, and an electric precipitator provided on the inlet side of the electric precipitator. A first heat exchanger for lowering the temperature, a desulfurization device for removing sulfur oxides, and an exhaust gas from the boiler, the regenerative air preheater, the heat exchanger, the electric dust collector, and the desulfurization device. A flue gas treatment device having a ventilation device for releasing air from a chimney to the atmosphere through a third device, which is provided on an outlet side of the desulfurization device and exchanges heat with exhaust gas from the desulfurization device and the first heat exchanger. A heat exchanger, a first temperature detector for detecting an exhaust gas temperature at the outlet side of the first heat exchanger, and an exhaust gas temperature at the outlet of the first heat exchanger on the downstream side of the electrostatic precipitator. No low temperature corrosion And the first and third heats based on the temperature detected by the first temperature detector so as to maintain a temperature at which the exhaust gas discharged from the outlet of the chimney does not generate white smoke. A third controller for controlling the amount of heat exchange between the exchangers.
【００１４】第５の手段は、第４の手段において、前記
第３の熱交換器の出口側の排ガス温度を検出する第３の
温度検出器と、前記第３の熱交換器と熱交換するための
連絡管路と、前記第３の温度検出器によって検出された
温度に基づいて前記第３の熱交換器の前記脱硫装置から
の排ガスおよび前記第１の熱交換器と熱交換の熱交換量
を制御する第４の制御器とを備えていることを特徴とす
る。A fifth means is the fourth means, wherein a third temperature detector for detecting an exhaust gas temperature at an outlet side of the third heat exchanger is exchanged with the third heat exchanger. Exhaust gas from the desulfurization device of the third heat exchanger and heat exchange with the first heat exchanger based on the temperature detected by the third temperature detector. And a fourth controller for controlling the amount.
【００１５】第６の手段は、第４の手段において、前記
第３の制御器による制御が前記第１および第３の熱交換
器間の熱媒体の流量を制御することにより行われること
を特徴とする。In a sixth aspect, in the fourth aspect, the control by the third controller is performed by controlling a flow rate of a heat medium between the first and third heat exchangers. And
【００１６】なお、後述の実施形態においては、第１の
制御器は第１の演算器４２に、第２の制御器は第２の演
算器４１に、第２の制御器は第３の演算器４０にそれぞ
れ対応し、第１の熱交換器は熱回収器４に、第２の熱交
換器は熱交換機２に、第３の熱交換器は再加熱器８に、
送風機は押込送風機１８にそれぞれ対応する。In an embodiment to be described later, the first controller is in the first arithmetic unit 42, the second controller is in the second arithmetic unit 41, and the second controller is in the third arithmetic unit. The first heat exchanger corresponds to the heat recovery unit 4, the second heat exchanger corresponds to the heat exchanger 2, the third heat exchanger corresponds to the reheater 8,
The blowers correspond to the push-in blowers 18, respectively.
【００１７】[0017]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施形態について
図面を参照して説明する。なお、以下の説明において、
前述の従来例と同等な各部には同一の参照符号を付し、
重複する説明は適宜省略する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the following description,
The same parts as those in the conventional example described above are denoted by the same reference numerals,
Duplicate description will be omitted as appropriate.
【００１８】図１においてこの排煙処理（装置）システ
ムはボイラ１と、このボイラ１の排ガスの熱を回収する
ための空気予熱器３と、空気予熱器３出口排ガス温度を
低下させて熱を回収する熱回収器４と、排ガス中の煤塵
を除去するための電気集塵機５と、排ガスを昇圧させる
誘引通風機６、脱硫装置７に排ガスを導く脱硫通風機９
と、排ガス中のＳＯｘを除去する脱硫装置７と、脱硫さ
れた排ガスの熱を熱回収器４で回収し、さらに再加熱す
る再加熱器８と、熱回収器４で回収された排ガスの熱と
熱交換する熱交換２と、押込送風機１８とから主に構成
され、従来例と同様に空気予熱器３、熱回収器４、電気
集塵機５、誘引通風機６、脱硫通風機９、脱硫装置７、
再加熱器８は、ボイラ１から煙突１０に至る煙道５０に
前述の順に設けられれ、ボイラ１からの排ガスに所定の
処理を施し、排ガスを煙突１０から大気中に散気するよ
うになっている。In FIG. 1, the flue gas treatment (apparatus) system includes a boiler 1, an air preheater 3 for recovering heat of exhaust gas from the boiler 1, and a heat generated by lowering the exhaust gas temperature at the outlet of the air preheater 3. A heat recovery unit 4 to be recovered, an electric precipitator 5 for removing dust in the exhaust gas, an induction ventilator 6 for increasing the pressure of the exhaust gas, and a desulfurization ventilator 9 for guiding the exhaust gas to a desulfurization device 7
When a desulfurization apparatus 7 for removing SO x in the exhaust gas, the desulfurized exhaust gas heat is recovered by the heat recovery unit 4, further a reheater 8 of reheating, the gas recovered in the heat recovery vessel 4 It is mainly composed of a heat exchanger 2 for exchanging heat with heat and a forced air blower 18, and has an air preheater 3, a heat collector 4, an electric precipitator 5, an induction ventilator 6, a desulfurization ventilator 9, and a desulfurizer as in the conventional example. Device 7,
The reheater 8 is provided on the flue 50 from the boiler 1 to the chimney 10 in the above-described order, performs a predetermined treatment on the exhaust gas from the boiler 1, and diffuses the exhaust gas from the chimney 10 into the atmosphere. I have.
【００１９】ガス再加熱装置は熱回収器４と再加熱器８
とから構成され、熱回収器４と再加熱器８は連絡配管１
１，１２によって接続されている。熱回収器４にはさら
に連絡配管１３，１４を介して熱交換機２が接続されて
いる。この熱交換機２は、押込送風機１８の下流側であ
って空気予熱器３の上流側に設けられ、空気予熱器２に
押込送風機１８から供給される空気と熱交換（加熱）を
行う。また、空気予熱器３で熱交換された空気は、ボイ
ラ１側に供給される。熱交換器２の入口側配管と出口側
配管には連絡ダクト１５が設けられ、前記熱交換器２を
バイパスして押込送風機１８からの空気を空気予熱器３
に送り込むことができるようになっている。なお、連絡
ダクト１５には流量調整器３２が設けられ、熱交換機２
の下流側の配管の空気温度を検出する温度検出器２２の
温度に応じ、演算器４２が前記流量調整器３２の開度
（流量）を制御する。The gas reheating device comprises a heat recovery unit 4 and a reheating unit 8
And the heat recovery unit 4 and the reheater 8 are connected to the connecting pipe 1.
1 and 12. The heat exchanger 4 is further connected to the heat exchanger 2 via communication pipes 13 and 14. The heat exchanger 2 is provided on the downstream side of the forced air blower 18 and on the upstream side of the air preheater 3, and performs heat exchange (heating) with the air supplied from the forced air blower 18 to the air preheater 2. The air that has been heat-exchanged by the air preheater 3 is supplied to the boiler 1 side. A communication duct 15 is provided on the inlet side pipe and the outlet side pipe of the heat exchanger 2, and the air from the forced air blower 18 bypasses the heat exchanger 2 and is supplied to the air preheater 3.
It can be sent to. The communication duct 15 is provided with a flow controller 32, and the heat exchanger 2
The arithmetic unit 42 controls the opening degree (flow rate) of the flow rate regulator 32 according to the temperature of the temperature detector 22 which detects the air temperature of the pipe on the downstream side of.
【００２０】また、熱回収器４の入口側配管（空気予熱
器３の出口側配管）には空気予熱器３の出口排ガスの温
度を検出する温度検出器２０が、熱回収器の出口側配管
にも熱回収器４から排出される排ガスの温度を検出する
温度検出器２１が設けられ、これらの検出温度に基づい
て前記連絡配管１３に設けられた流量調整器３１を開度
を制御する。この制御は、前記温度検出器２０，２１の
検出温度が入力される演算器４１によって行われる。A temperature detector 20 for detecting the temperature of the exhaust gas at the outlet of the air preheater 3 is provided at the inlet pipe of the heat recoverer 4 (the outlet pipe of the air preheater 3). Also, a temperature detector 21 for detecting the temperature of the exhaust gas discharged from the heat recovery unit 4 is provided, and the opening degree of the flow regulator 31 provided in the communication pipe 13 is controlled based on the detected temperatures. This control is performed by a calculator 41 to which the temperatures detected by the temperature detectors 20 and 21 are input.
【００２１】また、再加熱器８と熱回収器４との連絡配
管１１にも流量調整器３０が設けられ、前記熱回収器４
の出口側配管に設けた温度検出器４０の検出温度に基づ
いて演算器４０によって開度が制御される。同様に、再
加熱器８の温度調節用の連絡配管１７に設けられた温度
調整器３３の開度も再加熱器８の出口温度を検出する温
度検出器２３からの検出出力に基づいて演算器４３によ
って制御される。A flow controller 30 is also provided in the connecting pipe 11 between the reheater 8 and the heat recovery device 4 to provide the heat recovery device 4.
The degree of opening is controlled by the computing unit 40 based on the temperature detected by the temperature detector 40 provided on the outlet side pipe of. Similarly, the opening degree of the temperature controller 33 provided in the communication pipe 17 for temperature control of the reheater 8 is also calculated based on the detection output from the temperature detector 23 that detects the outlet temperature of the reheater 8. 43.
【００２２】本実施形態に係る排煙処理システムが前述
のシステムと異なる主な点は、押込送風機１８出口の熱
交換器２と電気集塵機５入口の熱回収器４を連結し、熱
媒体が循環する連絡配管１４と交換熱量を制御して熱回
収器４出口を低温腐食が防止できる温度に制御すること
ができるようにした点にある。そのため、空気予熱器３
の出口温度を測定する温度検出器２０、電気集塵機５入
口のガス温度を測定する温度検出器２１、前記温度検出
器２０の測定値から低温腐食が防止できる温度にするた
めの交換熱量を演算する演算器４１、および演算器４１
からの信号によって熱媒体の流量を調節する前記流量調
節器３１を設けている。The main difference between the flue gas treatment system according to the present embodiment and the above-described system is that the heat exchanger 2 at the outlet of the forced air blower 18 and the heat recovery unit 4 at the inlet of the electric precipitator 5 are connected, and the heat medium is circulated. The point of this is that the outlet of the heat recovery unit 4 can be controlled to a temperature at which low-temperature corrosion can be prevented by controlling the communication pipe 14 and the exchanged heat quantity. Therefore, the air preheater 3
Temperature detector 20 for measuring the outlet temperature of the battery, temperature detector 21 for measuring the gas temperature at the inlet of the electrostatic precipitator 5, and the amount of heat exchanged to obtain a temperature at which low-temperature corrosion can be prevented from the measured values of the temperature detector 20. Arithmetic unit 41 and arithmetic unit 41
The flow controller 31 for controlling the flow rate of the heat medium in accordance with a signal from the controller is provided.
【００２３】このように構成された排煙処理システムで
は、熱交換量の決定を次のようにして行う。すなわち、 まず、図２の空気予熱器３の出口ガス温度とＳＯ３濃
度との関係を示す特性図に基づいて空気予熱器３の出口
ガス温度を温度検出器２０で計測する。これにより従来
連続的に高精度の測定が不可能であった空気予熱器３出
口のＳＯ３濃度を連続的に求める（Ａ→Ｂ）。なお、図
２の特性は予め測定しておき、演算器４１にＲＯＭテー
ブルとして記憶させておく。In the flue gas treatment system thus configured, the amount of heat exchange is determined as follows. That is, first, the outlet gas temperature of the air preheater 3 is measured by the temperature detector 20 based on the characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the outlet gas temperature of the air preheater 3 and the SO 3 concentration in FIG. As a result, the SO 3 concentration at the outlet of the air preheater 3, which was conventionally impossible to measure continuously with high accuracy, is continuously obtained (A → B). The characteristics in FIG. 2 are measured in advance and stored in the arithmetic unit 41 as a ROM table.
【００２４】図３のＳＯ３濃度と露点温度との関係を
予め求めた特性図に基づいて、図２で求めた空気予熱器
出口ガスＳＯ３濃度の露点温度を求めることができる
（Ｂ→Ｃ）。露点温度は熱交換器出口の低温腐食を防止
できる下限温度となる。図３の特性は予め測定してお
き、演算器４１にＲＯＭテーブルとして記憶させてお
く。The dew point temperature of the air preheater outlet gas SO 3 concentration determined in FIG. 2 can be determined based on the characteristic diagram in which the relationship between the SO 3 concentration and the dew point temperature is determined in advance in FIG. 3 (B → C). ). The dew point temperature is the lower limit temperature at which low-temperature corrosion at the outlet of the heat exchanger can be prevented. The characteristics in FIG. 3 are measured in advance and stored in the arithmetic unit 41 as a ROM table.
【００２５】図２及び図３の関係をＲＯＭテーブルと
して備えた演算器４１によって熱回収器４の下限温度を
先行信号とし、温度検出器２１で判定された温度をフィ
ードバック信号として熱回収器４での交換熱量が求めら
れる。連絡配管１３に設けられた流量調節器３１により
前記熱交換量に相当する媒体圧力（流量）を調節する。2 and 3 as a ROM table, the lower limit temperature of the heat recovery unit 4 is used as a preceding signal by the calculator 41, and the temperature determined by the temperature detector 21 is used as a feedback signal. Of heat exchange is required. A medium pressure (flow rate) corresponding to the heat exchange amount is adjusted by a flow rate adjuster 31 provided in the communication pipe 13.
【００２６】一方、空気予熱器３の出口排ガス温度の
変動を補正する目的で、バイパス連絡ダクト１５に設け
られた流量調整器３２によって熱交換器２に供給される
空気量を制御する。すなわち、空気予熱器３の出口の排
ガス温度を測定する温度検出器２０から得られる測定値
を設定値にするべく先行信号とし、温度検出器２２で検
出された空気予熱器３の入口側の温度をフィードバック
信号として熱交換器２の交換熱量を演算器４２により演
算し、流量調節器３２によるバイパス連絡ダクト１５の
押込送風機１８からの空気流量を流量調節器３２にて調
節する。On the other hand, in order to correct the fluctuation of the exhaust gas temperature at the outlet of the air preheater 3, the amount of air supplied to the heat exchanger 2 is controlled by a flow regulator 32 provided in the bypass communication duct 15. In other words, the measured value obtained from the temperature detector 20 for measuring the temperature of the exhaust gas at the outlet of the air preheater 3 is used as a preceding signal so as to be a set value, and the temperature on the inlet side of the air preheater 3 detected by the temperature detector 22 Is used as a feedback signal to calculate the amount of heat exchanged in the heat exchanger 2 by the calculator 42, and the flow rate adjuster 32 adjusts the flow rate of air from the push-in blower 18 of the bypass communication duct 15 by the flow rate adjuster 32.
【００２７】白煙防止対策用で設けられる再加熱器８
は、当該再加熱器８の出口ガス温度を温度検出器２３で
検出し、図４の大気／排ガス温度とＨ２Ｏ濃度（％）と
の関係を予め求めた特性図に基づき、白煙の基準線
（ａ）と運転状態線（ｂ）が交差しないように熱交換を
行う。すなわち、白煙の基準線（ａ）と運転状態線
（ｂ）が交差しないような交換熱量を演算器４３により
演算し、連絡管１７に設けられた流量調節器３３で白煙
防止に相当する交換熱量を制御する。なお、前記図４に
示した特性図もテーブル化して演算器４３のＲＯＭに格
納されている。Reheater 8 provided to prevent white smoke
Is detected by the temperature detector 23 at the outlet gas temperature of the reheater 8 and based on the characteristic diagram in which the relationship between the air / exhaust gas temperature and the H 2 O concentration (%) in FIG. Heat exchange is performed so that the reference line (a) and the operation state line (b) do not intersect. That is, the amount of heat exchanged so that the white smoke reference line (a) does not intersect with the operating state line (b) is calculated by the calculator 43, and the flow controller 33 provided in the communication pipe 17 corresponds to white smoke prevention. Control the amount of heat exchanged. Note that the characteristic diagram shown in FIG. 4 is also stored in the ROM of the arithmetic unit 43 in the form of a table.
【００２８】このように本実施形態によれば、ボイラ排
ガス中のＳＯ３は、空気予熱器３内で煤塵に吸着され約
５ｐｐｍ程度に低下するため、空気予熱器３の出ロで
は、硫酸露点温度が空気予熱器３の入口に比べ低くな
る。従って電気集塵機５入口に設けられた熱回収器４の
ＳＯ３露点腐食（低温腐食）に起因するガス温度の下限
値を前記空気予熱器３の出口ガス温度より低くすること
が可能となる。これにより、電気集塵機５の入口ガス温
度を低下させ、電気集塵機５の性能を向上させることが
できる。更に、常にＳＯ３露点腐食が防止できる下限温
度以上で運転することが可能となり、前記電気集塵機５
以降の煙道および機器の腐食を防止することができる。As described above, according to the present embodiment, SO 3 in the boiler exhaust gas is adsorbed by the dust in the air preheater 3 and decreases to about 5 ppm. The temperature is lower than at the inlet of the air preheater 3. Therefore, the lower limit of the gas temperature caused by the SO 3 dew point corrosion (low temperature corrosion) of the heat recovery unit 4 provided at the inlet of the electric precipitator 5 can be made lower than the outlet gas temperature of the air preheater 3. As a result, the temperature of the gas at the inlet of the electric precipitator 5 can be reduced, and the performance of the electric precipitator 5 can be improved. Furthermore, it is possible to always operate at a temperature not lower than the lower limit temperature at which the SO 3 dew point corrosion can be prevented,
The subsequent flue and equipment corrosion can be prevented.
【００２９】一方、ＳＯ３露点腐食を支配する要因とし
て、排ガス中の煤塵濃度がある。ＳＯ３濃度と煤塵濃度
による腐食の関係を図６に示す。ＳＯ３濃度に対して煤
塵濃度が高い場合は、ＳＯ３が煤塵に吸着されて機器の
付着面を乾いた状態に保ち、腐食を軽減することができ
る。しかし、ＳＯ３濃度に対して煤塵濃度が低い場合
は、ガス温度低下に伴ってＳＯ３が凝縮して硫酸とな
り、機器表面に付着し、腐食を定こす。したがって、電
気集塵機５の出口ガス中の煤塵濃度を把握することによ
って電気集塵機５以降の煙道５０および機器の腐食を防
止することができる。On the other hand, as a factor governing SO 3 dew point corrosion, there is a dust concentration in exhaust gas. FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the SO 3 concentration and the corrosion depending on the dust concentration. When the dust concentration is higher than the SO 3 concentration, SO 3 is adsorbed by the dust and the attached surface of the device is kept in a dry state, so that corrosion can be reduced. However, when the dust concentration is lower than the SO 3 concentration, the SO 3 is condensed into sulfuric acid as the gas temperature decreases, adheres to the device surface, and determines corrosion. Therefore, by knowing the dust concentration in the outlet gas of the electric precipitator 5, it is possible to prevent the flue 50 and the equipment after the electric precipitator 5 from being corroded.
【００３０】さらにまた、たとえば電気集塵機５の出口
煤塵濃度１００ｍｇ／ｍ３Ｎの条件で電気集塵機５を設
計する場合、従来技術における電気集塵機５の入口温度
１５０℃（Ａ）の条件では、電気集塵機５は図７に示す
電気集塵機（ＥＰ）特性曲線のＩの特性を有する電気集
塵機５を選定する必要があった。しかしながら、本実施
形態によれば、たとえば図２の空気予熱器３の出口ガス
温度とＳＯ３濃度の関係から、Ａのガス温度に対してＳ
Ｏ３濃度Ｂが求められ、図３のＳＯ３濃度と露点の関係
から、露点濃度Ｃが求められるため、図７に示す特性曲
線IIの特性を有する電気集塵機５を選定すればよいこと
になる。したがって電気集塵機５の設備費を大きく低減
することができる。Further, for example, when designing the electric precipitator 5 under the condition of the dust concentration at the outlet of the electric precipitator 5 of 100 mg / m 3 N, under the condition that the inlet temperature of the conventional precipitator 5 is 150 ° C. (A), As for No. 5, it was necessary to select an electrostatic precipitator 5 having the characteristic of I of the electric precipitator (EP) characteristic curve shown in FIG. However, according to this embodiment, for example, from the relationship between the outlet gas temperature of the air preheater 3 and the SO 3 concentration in FIG.
Since the O 3 concentration B is obtained and the dew point concentration C is obtained from the relationship between the SO 3 concentration and the dew point in FIG. 3, the electric dust collector 5 having the characteristic of the characteristic curve II shown in FIG. 7 may be selected. . Therefore, the equipment cost of the electric dust collector 5 can be greatly reduced.
【００３１】[0031]
【発明の効果】本発明によれば、以上のように構成され
ているので、ＳＯ３による低温腐食が防止できる温度に
電気集塵機の入口温度を低下させることが可能となり、
これにより電気集塵機の性能を向上させることができる
と共にＳＯ３低温腐食も防止できる。According to the present invention, with the above-described configuration, it is possible to lower the inlet temperature of the electrostatic precipitator to a temperature at which low-temperature corrosion due to SO 3 can be prevented,
As a result, the performance of the electric dust collector can be improved, and SO 3 low-temperature corrosion can be prevented.
【図１】本発明の一実施形態に係る排煙処理装置の系統
図である。FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a flue gas treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】空気予熱器出口ガス温度とＳＯ３濃度の関係を
示す図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a relationship between an air preheater outlet gas temperature and an SO 3 concentration.
【図３】ＳＯ３濃度と露点温度の関係を示す図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a relationship between SO 3 concentration and dew point temperature.
【図４】大気／排ガス温度とＨ２Ｏ濃度（％）との関係
を示す図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the air / exhaust gas temperature and the H 2 O concentration (%).
【図５】従来技術に係る排煙処理装置の系統図である。FIG. 5 is a system diagram of a flue gas treatment device according to the related art.
【図６】ＳＯ３濃度と煤塵濃度による腐食の関係を示す
図である。FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between the concentration of SO 3 and the corrosion depending on the dust concentration.
【図７】電気集塵機入口ガス温度と出口煤塵量との関係
を示す図である。FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the relationship between the gas temperature at the inlet of the electrostatic precipitator and the amount of dust and dust at the outlet.
１ ボイラ ３ 再生式空気予熱器 ５ 電気集塵横 ６ 誘引通風機 ７ 脱硫装置 ９ 脱硫通風機 １０ 煙突 ２，４，８，熱交換器 １１，１２，１３，１４ 連絡配管 １５ 連絡ダクト １８ 押込通風機 ２０，２１，２２，２３ 温度検出器 ３０，３１，３２ 流量調節器 ４０，４１，４２ 演算器 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Boiler 3 Regeneration air preheater 5 Electric dust collecting side 6 Induction ventilation 7 Desulfurization equipment 9 Desulfurization ventilation 10 Chimney 2,4,8, Heat exchanger 11,12,13,14 Communication piping 15 Communication duct 18 Pushing ventilation Machine 20, 21, 22, 23 Temperature detector 30, 31, 32 Flow controller 40, 41, 42 Computing unit
フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 ＦＩ テーマコート゛(参考） Ｂ０３Ｃ 3/02 Ｆ２３Ｊ 15/00 Ｋ Ｆ２３Ｊ 15/06 Ｂ０３Ｃ 3/01 Ｚ Ｆ２３Ｌ 15/00 (72)発明者 石崎 昌典 東京都港区浜松町二丁目４番１ バブコッ ク日立株式会社 Ｆターム(参考） 3K023 QA01 QB17 QB19 QB20 QC08 RA01 3K070 DA03 DA23 DA27 DA48 DA58 4D002 AA02 AC01 BA02 BA12 BA13 BA14 GA02 GA03 GB03 GB20 4D054 AA02 CA14 EA21 EA24 Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. 7 Identification symbol FI Theme coat II (Reference) B03C 3/02 F23J 15/00 K F23J 15/06 B03C 3/01 Z F23L 15/00 (72) Inventor Masanori Ishizaki Tokyo 24-1 Hamamatsucho, Minato-ku, Tokyo Babcock Hitachi, Ltd. F-term (reference) 3K023 QA01 QB17 QB19 QB20 QC08 RA01 3K070 DA03 DA23 DA27 DA48 DA58 4D002 AA02 AC01 BA02 BA12 BA13 BA14 GA02 GA03 GB03 GB20 4D054 AA02 EA21
Claims (6)
式空気予熱器と、ボイラの排ガス中に含まれる煤塵を除
去する電気集塵機と、この電気集塵機入口側に設けら
れ、排ガス温度を低下させるための第１の熱交換器と、
硫黄酸化物を除去する脱硫装置と、前記ボイラからの排
ガスを前記再生式空気予熱器、前記熱交換器、前記電気
集塵機および前記脱硫装置を介して煙突から大気中に放
出させる通風装置とを有する排煙処理装置において、 前記ボイラ側に空気を供給する送風機と、 この送風機の出口側に設けられ、当該送風機から供給さ
れる空気および前記第１の熱交換器と熱交換する第２の
熱交換器と、 前記第１の熱交換器の出口側の排ガス温度を検出する第
１の温度検出器と、 前記第１の熱交換器出口の排ガス温度が前記電気集塵機
の後流側で低温腐食が発生しない温度を維持するように
前記第１の温度検出器によって検出された温度に基づい
て、前記第１および第２の熱交換器間の熱交換量を制御
する第１の制御器と、を備えていることを特徴とする排
煙処理装置。1. A regenerative air preheater for recovering heat of exhaust gas from a boiler, an electric precipitator for removing dust contained in exhaust gas from a boiler, and provided at an inlet side of the electric precipitator to lower the exhaust gas temperature. A first heat exchanger for
A desulfurization device for removing sulfur oxides, and a ventilation device for discharging exhaust gas from the boiler to the atmosphere from a chimney through the regenerative air preheater, the heat exchanger, the electric dust collector, and the desulfurization device to the atmosphere. In the flue gas treatment apparatus, a blower that supplies air to the boiler side; and a second heat exchange that is provided at an outlet side of the blower and exchanges heat with the air supplied from the blower and the first heat exchanger. A first temperature detector for detecting an exhaust gas temperature at an outlet side of the first heat exchanger; and an exhaust gas temperature at the outlet of the first heat exchanger. A first controller that controls an amount of heat exchange between the first and second heat exchangers based on the temperature detected by the first temperature detector so as to maintain a temperature that does not occur. Characterized by having Exhaust gas treatment equipment.
管路と、 この連絡管路の出口側であって前記再生式空気予熱器入
口側の温度を検出する第２の温度検出器と、 この第２の温度検出器によって検出された前記再生式空
気予熱器入口側の温度に基づいて、前記連絡管路のバイ
パス流量を制御する第２の制御器と、をさらに備えてい
ることを特徴とする請求項１記載の排煙処理装置。2. A communication pipe for bypassing the second heat exchanger, and a second temperature detector for detecting a temperature on an outlet side of the communication pipe and on an inlet side of the regenerative air preheater. A second controller for controlling a bypass flow rate of the communication pipe based on the temperature of the regenerative air preheater inlet side detected by the second temperature detector. The smoke exhaust treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that:
および第２の熱交換器間の熱媒体の流量を制御すること
により行われることを特徴とする請求項１記載の排煙処
理装置。3. The control by the first controller is performed by the first controller.
The flue gas treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the control is performed by controlling the flow rate of the heat medium between the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger.
式空気予熱器と、ボイラの排ガス中に含まれる煤塵を除
去する電気集塵機と、この電気集塵機入口側に設けら
れ、排ガス温度を低下させるための第１の熱交換器と、
硫黄酸化物を除去する脱硫装置と、前記ボイラからの排
ガスを前記再生式空気予熱器、前記熱交換器、前記電気
集塵機および前記脱硫装置を介して煙突から大気中に放
出させる通風装置とを有する排煙処理装置において、 前記脱硫装置の出口側に設けられ、前記脱硫装置からの
排ガスおよび前記第１の熱交換器と熱交換する第３の熱
交換器と、 前記第１の熱交換器の出口側の排ガス温度を検出する第
１の温度検出器と、 前記第１の熱交換器出口の排ガス温度が前記電気集塵機
の後流側で低温腐食が発生しない温度であって、前記煙
突の出口から排出される排ガスが白煙を生じない温度を
維持するように前記第１の温度検出器によって検出され
た温度に基づいて、前記第１および第３の熱交換器間の
熱交換量を制御する第３の制御器と、を備えていること
を特徴とする排煙処理装置。4. A regenerative air preheater for recovering heat of exhaust gas from a boiler, an electric precipitator for removing dust contained in exhaust gas of a boiler, and an electric precipitator provided at the inlet side of the electric precipitator to lower the exhaust gas temperature. A first heat exchanger for
A desulfurization device for removing sulfur oxides, and a ventilation device for discharging exhaust gas from the boiler from the stack to the atmosphere via the regenerative air preheater, the heat exchanger, the electric dust collector, and the desulfurization device. In the flue gas treatment device, a third heat exchanger provided on the outlet side of the desulfurization device and exchanging heat with the exhaust gas from the desulfurization device and the first heat exchanger; A first temperature detector for detecting an exhaust gas temperature at an outlet side, wherein an exhaust gas temperature at an outlet of the first heat exchanger is a temperature at which low-temperature corrosion does not occur on a downstream side of the electrostatic precipitator, and an outlet of the chimney The amount of heat exchange between the first and third heat exchangers is controlled based on the temperature detected by the first temperature detector so as to maintain a temperature at which exhaust gas discharged from the system does not generate white smoke. A third controller that performs Flue gas treatment apparatus, characterized by that.
度を検出する第３の温度検出器と、 前記第３の熱交換器と熱交換するための連絡管路と、 前記第３の温度検出器によって検出された温度に基づい
て前記第３の熱交換器の前記脱硫装置からの排ガスおよ
び前記第１の熱交換器と熱交換の熱交換量を制御する第
４の制御器と、を備えていることを特徴とする請求項１
または３記載の排煙処理装置。5. A third temperature detector for detecting an exhaust gas temperature at an outlet side of the third heat exchanger; a communication line for exchanging heat with the third heat exchanger; A fourth controller for controlling an exhaust gas from the desulfurization device of the third heat exchanger and a heat exchange amount of heat exchange with the first heat exchanger based on the temperature detected by the temperature detector; 2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:
Or the smoke exhaust treatment device according to 3.
および第３の熱交換器間の熱媒体の流量を制御すること
により行われることを特徴とする請求項４記載の排煙処
理装置。6. The control by the third controller is performed by the first controller.
The flue gas treatment apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the control is performed by controlling the flow rate of the heat medium between the first heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001178856A JP2002370012A (en) | 2001-06-13 | 2001-06-13 | Exhaust gas treatment apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001178856A JP2002370012A (en) | 2001-06-13 | 2001-06-13 | Exhaust gas treatment apparatus |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2002370012A true JP2002370012A (en) | 2002-12-24 |
Family
ID=19019488
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001178856A Pending JP2002370012A (en) | 2001-06-13 | 2001-06-13 | Exhaust gas treatment apparatus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2002370012A (en) |
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