JP2001178444A - Method for crushing and apparatus therefor - Google Patents
Method for crushing and apparatus thereforInfo
- Publication number
- JP2001178444A JP2001178444A JP2000104343A JP2000104343A JP2001178444A JP 2001178444 A JP2001178444 A JP 2001178444A JP 2000104343 A JP2000104343 A JP 2000104343A JP 2000104343 A JP2000104343 A JP 2000104343A JP 2001178444 A JP2001178444 A JP 2001178444A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- crushing
- container
- crushed
- medium
- vessel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
- B02C17/14—Mills in which the charge to be ground is turned over by movements of the container other than by rotating, e.g. by swinging, vibrating, tilting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M45/00—Means for pre-treatment of biological substances
- C12M45/02—Means for pre-treatment of biological substances by mechanical forces; Stirring; Trituration; Comminuting
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は破砕方法及び装置に
関し、特に植物の組織や種子類、動物の組織、プラスチ
ック材料、鉱物材料などを化学的に分析・分画分離する
ために破砕するのに適用される破砕方法及び装置に関す
るものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a crushing method and apparatus, and more particularly to a method for crushing plant tissues and seeds, animal tissues, plastic materials, mineral materials, etc. for chemical analysis and fractionation. The present invention relates to an applied crushing method and apparatus.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】上記各種材料を化学的に分析・分画分離
するためには、まず材料を均一に粉砕しなければならな
い。従来の効率の良い粉砕機としては、破砕容器に公転
運動と自転運動を同時に行わせることにより、破砕容器
内に入れた被破砕物と微小ビーズから成る破砕媒体を立
体的に運動させ、被破砕物に対する破砕媒体の衝突によ
る圧縮と回転による磨砕で破砕する「遊星型ミル」が知
られている。2. Description of the Related Art In order to chemically analyze, fractionate and separate the above various materials, the materials must first be uniformly ground. As a conventional efficient crusher, a crushing vessel is made to perform revolving motion and rotation at the same time, so that a crushing medium consisting of crushed material and fine beads placed in the crushing vessel is three-dimensionally moved, and crushed. 2. Description of the Related Art A "planetary mill" is known which crushes by crushing by compression and rotation by collision of a crushing medium with an object.
【０００３】また、本出願人は先に特公平６−３６７３
２号公報で、酵母菌、バクテリア等の物質生産菌や生産
細胞等のスクリーニング用の細胞破砕装置として、ガラ
スやセラミックス製の微小ビーズを被破砕物とともに破
砕容器に収容してこの破砕容器を８の字状の振動形態で
高速回転させ、微小ビーズと細胞との効率的な衝突を繰
り返して短時間で破砕する方式を提案している。[0003] The present applicant has previously described Japanese Patent Publication No.
In JP-A-2, as a cell crushing apparatus for screening for a cell producing bacterium such as a yeast or a bacterium or a production cell, micro beads made of glass or ceramics are accommodated in a crushing container together with a crushed object, and the crushing container is placed in a container. We have proposed a method in which the beads are rotated at a high speed in the shape of a U-shape and crushed in a short time by repeating the efficient collision between the microbeads and the cells.
【０００４】また、破砕容器内に、被破砕物とともに１
又は複数の大形の破砕媒体を収容し、破砕容器をその軸
芯方向に往復振動させることによって破砕する方式もし
られている。[0004] In addition, in a crushing vessel, 1
Alternatively, a method of accommodating a plurality of large crushing media and crushing the crushing container by reciprocating the crushing container in the axial direction is also known.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところが、上記「遊星
型ミル」方式や特公平６−３６７３２号公報に開示され
た方式では、被破砕物が大型の植物細胞や動物細胞や鉱
物材料などになると、被破砕物が運動し難く、かつ破砕
媒体の質量が小さいために破砕されないという問題があ
った。However, in the above-mentioned "planetary mill" system and the system disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-67732, if the crushed material becomes large plant cells, animal cells, mineral materials, or the like. However, there is a problem that the object to be crushed is hard to move and is not crushed because the mass of the crushing medium is small.
【０００６】また、破砕容器に大形の破砕媒体を収容し
てその軸芯方向に往復運動させる方式でも、破砕媒体に
て衝突圧縮するだけであるため、効率的に破砕できず、
また十分に破砕できないという問題があった。Further, even in a method in which a large crushing medium is accommodated in a crushing vessel and reciprocated in the axial direction thereof, the crushing medium cannot be efficiently crushed because the crushing medium is merely subjected to impact compression.
There is also a problem that it cannot be sufficiently crushed.
【０００７】本発明は、上記従来の問題点に鑑み、大型
の植物組織や動物組織や鉱物材料なども効率的に破砕す
ることができる破砕方法及び装置を提供することを目的
とする。[0007] In view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a crushing method and apparatus capable of efficiently crushing large plant tissues, animal tissues, mineral materials, and the like.
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の破砕方法は、破
砕容器内に破砕媒体と被破砕物を収容し、破砕容器を高
速で往復振動させることで被破砕物を破砕する破砕方法
であって、細長い破砕容器内にその軸芯にほぼ沿った姿
勢を保持してほぼ軸芯方向に相対移動する形状及び大き
さの単一の破砕媒体を収容し、破砕容器をその軸芯方向
の比較的長い行程の主往復移動とそれに直交する方向の
比較的短い行程の副往復移動を組み合わせた８の字状に
往復振動させるものであり、破砕容器の８の字状の往復
振動に伴って内部に収容された破砕媒体が相対回転しな
がら破砕容器の底部に衝突することにより、破砕容器が
乳鉢、破砕媒体が乳棒のように作用し、被破砕物が大型
の植物組織や動物組織やプラスチック材料や鉱物材料な
どであっても効率的に破砕することができる。The crushing method of the present invention is a crushing method in which a crushing medium and an object to be crushed are accommodated in a crushing container, and the crushing container is oscillated at high speed to crush the object to be crushed. The crushing container accommodates a single crushing medium having a shape and a size that relatively moves in the axial direction while maintaining a posture substantially along the axis in the elongated crushing container, and compares the crushing container in the axial direction. The main reciprocating movement of a long stroke and the sub-reciprocating movement of a relatively short stroke in a direction perpendicular to the main stroke are reciprocated in a figure-eight shape. The crushing medium contained in the container collides with the bottom of the crushing container while rotating relative to each other, so that the crushing container acts like a mortar and the crushing medium acts like a pestle, and the crushed material is a large plant tissue, animal tissue or plastic material. And efficiency even with mineral materials It can be broken into.
【０００９】また、破砕容器を２０〜６０Ｈｚの振動数
で往復振動させると、破砕容器の容量が２〜５０ｃｃ程
度の汎用される範囲で破砕媒体が効果的に作用し、被破
砕物を効率的に破砕することができる。When the crushing vessel is reciprocally oscillated at a frequency of 20 to 60 Hz, the crushing medium works effectively within a general-purpose range of about 2 to 50 cc in the capacity of the crushing vessel, and the crushed material is efficiently removed. Can be crushed.
【００１０】また、被破砕物を液体窒素浴で凍結し、凍
結真空乾燥すると、被破砕物がしなやかで切断され難い
繊維質を含んで破砕し難い動植物組織の場合にも、被破
砕物が容易に破砕されるため効率的に破砕することがで
きる。[0010] Further, when the material to be crushed is frozen in a liquid nitrogen bath and freeze-vacuum dried, the material to be crushed can be easily crushed even if the material to be crushed contains supple and difficult-to-cut fibrous animal and plant tissues. It can be efficiently crushed because it is crushed.
【００１１】また、表面の一部に溝を設けた破砕媒体を
用いると、被破砕物がしなやかで切断され難い繊維質を
含んで破砕し難い動植物組織の場合にも、溝部で繊維質
を効率的に切断できて効率的に破砕することができる。Further, when a crushing medium having a groove on a part of its surface is used, even if the crushed object is a flora and fauna that is difficult to crush, including a fibrous material that is difficult to be cut, the fiber can be efficiently used in the groove. And can be efficiently crushed.
【００１２】また、表面を研磨したチタン製破砕媒体を
用いると、被破砕物が骨などの硬い動物組織の場合に
も、破砕媒体表面に例えばＤＮＡやＲＮＡなどの組織物
が残留して次の破砕式にクロスコンタミネーションが発
生する恐れを無くすことができる。In addition, when a crushing medium made of titanium whose surface is polished is used, even when the crushed object is a hard animal tissue such as a bone, a tissue such as DNA or RNA remains on the surface of the crushing medium, so that the next crushing medium is formed. It is possible to eliminate the possibility that cross contamination occurs in the crushing method.
【００１３】また、本発明の破砕装置は、破砕容器内に
破砕媒体と被破砕物を収容し、破砕容器を高速で往復振
動させて被破砕物を破砕する破砕装置であって、回転軸
にその軸芯に対して軸芯の傾斜した傾斜軸部を設け、傾
斜軸部に相対回転自在に環状保持体を外嵌するとともに
この環状保持体の回転を弾性的に拘束する手段を設け、
環状保持体の外周部に破砕媒体と被破砕物を収容した細
長い破砕容器を環状保持体の軸芯と平行な姿勢で保持さ
せるとともに、破砕媒体は破砕容器の内径より大きい長
さの単一部材にて構成したものであり、上記破砕方法を
実施してその作用を奏し、被破砕物が大型の場合にも効
率的に破砕することができる。Further, the crushing device of the present invention is a crushing device for accommodating a crushing medium and an object to be crushed in a crushing container and oscillating the crushing container at high speed to crush the object to be crushed, wherein Providing an inclined shaft portion with an inclined axis relative to the axis, externally attaching the annular holder to the inclined shaft portion so as to be relatively rotatable, and providing means for elastically restraining the rotation of the annular holder,
An elongated crushing vessel containing a crushing medium and a material to be crushed is held in a position parallel to the axis of the annular holding body, and the crushing medium is a single member having a length larger than the inner diameter of the crushing vessel. The above-described crushing method is implemented to achieve the effect, and even when the crushed object is large, it can be efficiently crushed.
【００１４】また、破砕容器の少なくとも一端部の内面
を略半球状ないし円錐状に突出した形状とし、破砕媒体
の対向する端部外面をほぼ同様の形状とすると、上記乳
鉢−乳棒作用がより効果的に得られ、さらに効率的に破
砕することができる。Further, when the inner surface of at least one end of the crushing container has a substantially hemispherical or conical shape and the outer surface of the opposite end of the crushing medium has substantially the same shape, the mortar-pestle effect is more effective. And can be crushed more efficiently.
【００１５】また、破砕容器の内径と破砕媒体の外径の
差を２〜１ｍｍ以下とすると、被破砕物がしなやかな場
合でも、破砕媒体を確実に作用させることができて効率
的に破砕することができる。When the difference between the inner diameter of the crushing vessel and the outer diameter of the crushing medium is 2 to 1 mm or less, the crushing medium can be made to act reliably even if the object to be crushed is flexible, so that the crushing can be performed efficiently. be able to.
【００１６】また、破砕媒体の少なくとも一端部表面に
１又は複数の溝を形成すると、被破砕物がしなやかで切
断され難い繊維質を含んで破砕し難い動植物組織の場合
にも、溝部で繊維質が効果的に切断できて効率的に破砕
することができる。Further, when one or more grooves are formed on at least one end surface of the crushing medium, even if the object to be crushed is a flora and fauna that is difficult to crush and contains a fibrous material, it is difficult to crush the animal or plant tissue. Can be effectively cut and crushed efficiently.
【００１７】また、環状保持体に、収容した破砕容器を
冷却する冷却手段を備えた冷却容器ケースが取り付けて
構成することにより、破砕容器が冷却されるので、破砕
により温度上昇して被破砕物が温度により変質すること
が防止できる。In addition, since the crushing container is cooled by mounting the cooling container case provided with cooling means for cooling the accommodated crushing container on the annular holder, the temperature of the crushed material increases due to the crushing. Can be prevented from being deteriorated by temperature.
【００１８】また、環状保持体に、容量が異なる破砕容
器をそれぞれ収容する複数の容器ケースを設けることに
より、１度に容量の異なる複数の破砕容器を用いて違う
種類の被破砕物に対する破砕を行うことができる。Further, by providing a plurality of container cases respectively accommodating crushing containers having different capacities in the annular holder, it is possible to crush different types of crushed objects by using a plurality of crushing containers having different capacities at once. It can be carried out.
【００１９】また、容器ケースに、この容器ケースに対
応する破砕容器より容量の小さい破砕容器を保持するス
ペーサを配設することにより、同一の環状保持体であっ
ても複数容量の破砕容器を用いて破砕を行うことができ
る。Further, by disposing a spacer for holding a crushing container having a smaller capacity than the crushing container corresponding to the container case in the container case, it is possible to use a plurality of crushing containers with the same annular holder. Can be crushed.
【００２０】また、破砕媒体は、杵と、この杵の先端形
状に対応する凹部を形成した臼とによって形成すること
により、振動ｇ加えられることにより破砕容器の中で臼
と杵が高速移動して、臼と杵の間にある被破砕物は効率
的に破砕され、破砕時間が短縮される。Further, the crushing medium is formed by a punch and a die having a concave portion corresponding to the tip shape of the punch, whereby the mill and the punch move at a high speed in the crushing container by being subjected to vibration g. Thus, the material to be crushed between the mortar and the punch is efficiently crushed, and the crushing time is reduced.
【００２１】[0021]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の破砕方法及び装置
の一実施形態について、図１〜図１４を参照して説明す
る。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the crushing method and apparatus of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.
【００２２】図１、図２において、破砕装置１は箱型の
フレーム２の内部の上部にベース板３が配設され、この
ベース板３が防振装置４を介してフレーム２に支持され
ている。ベース板３の下部には、モータ５ａと減速機５
ｂから成る駆動手段５が垂下状態で支持されており、そ
の出力軸が軸継手６を介してベース板３上に配設された
軸受部７にて鉛直な軸芯回りに回転自在に支持された回
転軸８に連結されている。９は、回転検出用のエンコー
ダである。1 and 2, a crushing apparatus 1 has a base plate 3 disposed at an upper portion inside a box-shaped frame 2, and the base plate 3 is supported by the frame 2 via a vibration isolator 4. I have. A motor 5a and a speed reducer 5 are provided below the base plate 3.
b is supported in a hanging state, and its output shaft is rotatably supported around a vertical axis by a bearing 7 disposed on the base plate 3 via a shaft coupling 6. Connected to the rotating shaft 8. Reference numeral 9 denotes an encoder for detecting rotation.
【００２３】回転軸８は、軸受部７の一対の軸受１０に
て回転自在に支持されるとともにその上部が軸受部７の
上方に延出されている。回転軸８の上部には、その軸芯
に対して軸芯が傾斜状態で交叉する傾斜軸体１１がキー
１１ａを介して回転不可に嵌合され、傾斜リング１２を
介して回転軸８の上端部に螺合したナット１３にて押圧
固定されている。The rotating shaft 8 is rotatably supported by a pair of bearings 10 of the bearing portion 7 and has an upper portion extending above the bearing portion 7. On the upper part of the rotating shaft 8, an inclined shaft body 11 whose axis intersects in an inclined state with respect to the axis is non-rotatably fitted via a key 11a, and an upper end of the rotating shaft 8 is provided via an inclined ring 12. It is pressed and fixed by a nut 13 screwed to the portion.
【００２４】傾斜軸体１１の外周には一対の軸受１４を
介して相対回転自在に環状体１５が装着されている。こ
の環状体１５の外周下部の適所には磁石１６が取付けら
れている。また、軸受部７の上部に取付けられた取付ブ
ラケット１７にて支持された対極磁石１８がこの磁石１
６に対向するように固定配置されている。これら磁石１
６と対極磁石１８の吸着力によって、回転軸８及び傾斜
軸体１１が回転した場合に環状体１５の回転を阻止し、
かつ傾斜軸体１１の回転に伴って環状体１５が振れ運動
を行うように構成されている。An annular body 15 is mounted on the outer periphery of the inclined shaft body 11 via a pair of bearings 14 so as to be relatively rotatable. A magnet 16 is mounted at an appropriate position at the lower part of the outer periphery of the annular body 15. The counter electrode magnet 18 supported by the mounting bracket 17 mounted on the upper part of the bearing 7 is
6 and is fixedly arranged so as to face. These magnets 1
When the rotating shaft 8 and the inclined shaft body 11 are rotated by the attraction force of the magnet 6 and the counter electrode magnet 18, the rotation of the annular body 15 is prevented,
Further, the annular body 15 is configured to perform a swinging motion with the rotation of the tilt shaft body 11.
【００２５】回転軸８及び傾斜軸体１１の回転に伴う環
状体１５の振れ運動は、図３（ａ）、（ｂ）に示すよう
に８の字状となる。即ち、図３（ａ）に示すように、環
状体１５が右側に傾斜した状態を基準位置として、その
ときの環状体１５の外周上におけるａ点位置の挙動を見
てみると、実線状態から回転軸８が矢印方向に９０°回
転すると、環状体１５は仮想線で示すように紙面の表裏
方向に傾斜した状態に移行し、その間にａ点に対応して
いた位置は経路ｂを経てｃ点に移動する。次に、回転軸
８がさらに９０°回転すると、環状体１５は図３（ｂ）
に実線で示すように左側に傾斜した状態に移行し、ａ点
に対応していた位置はｃ点から経路ｄを経て元のａ点に
戻る。さらに回転軸８が９０°回転すると、環状体１５
は仮想線で示すように紙面の表裏方向に逆向きに傾斜し
た状態に移行し、ａ点に対応していた位置は経路ｅを経
てｆ点に移動し、さらに回転軸８が元の回転位置まで９
０°回転すると、ａ点に対応していた位置はｆ点から経
路ｇを経て元のａ点に戻る。従って、回転軸８の回転に
より、環状体１５の外周部の任意の位置が８の字状の振
れ運動を繰り返すことになる。The swinging motion of the annular body 15 accompanying the rotation of the rotating shaft 8 and the inclined shaft body 11 has a figure eight shape as shown in FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b). That is, as shown in FIG. 3A, the behavior of the point a on the outer periphery of the annular body 15 at that time is defined as a reference position where the annular body 15 is inclined rightward. When the rotating shaft 8 rotates 90 ° in the direction of the arrow, the annular body 15 shifts to a state of being inclined in the front and back directions of the paper as shown by the imaginary line, and the position corresponding to the point a during that time passes through the path b and c. Move to a point. Next, when the rotating shaft 8 is further rotated by 90 °, the annular body 15 is moved to the state shown in FIG.
As shown by the solid line, the state shifts to the left side, and the position corresponding to the point a returns to the original point a from the point c via the route d. When the rotation shaft 8 further rotates by 90 °, the annular body 15
Indicates a state in which the position corresponding to the point a moves to the point f via the path e, and the rotation shaft 8 is moved to the original rotation position, as shown by a virtual line. Up to 9
When rotated by 0 °, the position corresponding to the point a returns to the original point a from the point f via the path g. Therefore, by the rotation of the rotating shaft 8, an arbitrary position on the outer peripheral portion of the annular body 15 repeats the figure-eight swing motion.
【００２６】この環状体１５の上部には取付段部１９が
設けられ、その上に環状保持体２０が載置されて固定ボ
ルト２１にて締結固定されている。環状保持体２０の外
周部には、多数の細長い容器ケース２２が環状体１５の
軸芯と平行姿勢で配設され、この容器ケース２２内に後
述の破砕容器３０を収容して支持するように構成されて
いる。また、破砕容器３０の蓋体３１は容器ケース２２
の上端に係合し、この蓋体３１の上面を押圧して破砕容
器３０を固定するための押圧板２３を、環状保持体２０
上に複数設けられた取付ボス２４上に設置し、固定ねじ
２５にて締結固定するように構成されている。この取付
ボス２４の高さは、蓋体３１の上面高さ位置とほぼ同一
高さとなるように設定されている。２９は、環状保持体
２０の配置空間を、フレーム２内の他の空間と区画する
ようにベース板３上に設置された内部ケースである。An attachment step 19 is provided on the upper part of the annular body 15, and an annular holder 20 is mounted thereon and fastened and fixed by fixing bolts 21. A large number of elongated container cases 22 are arranged on the outer periphery of the annular holder 20 in a posture parallel to the axis of the annular body 15 so that a crushing container 30 described later is accommodated and supported in the container case 22. It is configured. In addition, the lid 31 of the crushing container 30 is
The pressing plate 23 for fixing the crushing container 30 by pressing the upper surface of the lid 31 is
It is configured to be installed on a plurality of mounting bosses 24 provided thereon and fastened and fixed with fixing screws 25. The height of the mounting boss 24 is set to be substantially the same as the height position of the upper surface of the lid 31. Reference numeral 29 denotes an inner case installed on the base plate 3 so as to divide the arrangement space of the annular holder 20 from other spaces in the frame 2.
【００２７】なお、図２の例では、容器ケース２２に対
して破砕容器３０の入れ替えを行う場合には、固定ねじ
２５を外し、押圧板２３を取り外した後、個々の容器ケ
ース２２に対して破砕容器３０を入れ替え、または固定
ボルト２１を外して環状保持体２０の全体を一括して入
れ替えることになるが、図４〜図６に示すように、固定
ねじ２５のねじ軸が貫通するように押圧板２３に形成さ
れる貫通穴２６を、ねじ軸が丁度貫通する小径部２６ａ
と取付ボス２４に外嵌可能な大径部とを連接した鍵穴状
に形成し、図５及び図４に実線で示すように、押圧板２
３が取付ボス２４上に位置して固定ねじ２５のねじ軸が
小径部２６ａに位置し、固定ねじ２５にて押圧板２３が
締結固定され、その外周に多数突設された押圧舌片２３
ａにて容器ケース２２に収容された破砕容器３０の蓋体
３１を押圧している状態と、固定ねじ２５を少し緩めて
押圧板２３を周方向に僅かに回転させて、図６及び図４
に仮想線で示すように、大径部２６ｂが取付ボス２４に
合致して外嵌することにより、押圧板２３が環状保持体
２０上に重なるとともにその押圧舌片２３ａが容器ケー
ス２２の間に位置して破砕容器３０の蓋体３１間に位置
している状態とに切替え可能に構成してもよい。In the example shown in FIG. 2, when replacing the crushing container 30 with the container case 22, the fixing screws 25 are removed, the pressing plate 23 is removed, and then the individual container cases 22 are removed. The crushing container 30 is replaced, or the fixing bolt 21 is removed, and the whole of the annular holder 20 is replaced collectively. As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the screw shaft of the fixing screw 25 is passed through. A small-diameter portion 26 a through which a screw shaft just passes through a through hole 26 formed in the pressing plate 23.
And a large-diameter portion that can be externally fitted to the mounting boss 24 are formed in a keyhole shape connected to each other, and as shown by a solid line in FIGS.
3 is located on the mounting boss 24, the screw axis of the fixing screw 25 is located at the small diameter portion 26a, the pressing plate 23 is fastened and fixed by the fixing screw 25, and a large number of pressing tongue pieces 23 protrudingly provided on the outer periphery thereof.
6A and 6A, the cover 31 of the crushing container 30 housed in the container case 22 is being pressed at a, and the fixing screw 25 is slightly loosened to slightly rotate the pressing plate 23 in the circumferential direction.
As shown by an imaginary line, the large-diameter portion 26b is fitted to and externally fitted to the mounting boss 24, so that the pressing plate 23 overlaps the annular holder 20 and the pressing tongue piece 23a is located between the container cases 22. It may be configured so that it can be switched to a state where it is located between the lids 31 of the crushing container 30.
【００２８】この図４〜図６の構成によれば、図５に示
すように、押圧板２３にて各破砕容器３０を固定した状
態から固定ねじ２５を少し緩めて押圧板２３を少し回転
させるだけで、押圧板２３を取り外さなくても任意の位
置の破砕容器３０を入れ替えることができ、作業性が良
くなる。また、押圧板２３には、図６の状態で環状保持
体２０に形成した固定ボルト２１のボルト穴２７に合致
するように、固定ボルト２１の頭部に外嵌する大径の貫
通穴２８が形成されており、図６の状態で固定ボルト２
１を外して環状保持体２０の全体を一括して入れ替える
ことも可能である。According to the configuration of FIGS. 4 to 6, as shown in FIG. 5, the fixing screws 25 are slightly loosened and the pressing plate 23 is slightly rotated from the state in which the respective crushing vessels 30 are fixed by the pressing plate 23. Thus, the crushing container 30 at an arbitrary position can be replaced without removing the pressing plate 23, thereby improving workability. The pressing plate 23 has a large-diameter through hole 28 that fits over the head of the fixing bolt 21 so as to match the bolt hole 27 of the fixing bolt 21 formed in the annular holder 20 in the state of FIG. The fixing bolt 2 is formed as shown in FIG.
It is also possible to remove 1 and replace the whole of the annular holder 20 at once.
【００２９】上記破砕容器３０は、図７に示すように、
細長い円筒容器から成り、その開口部外周にねじ３０ａ
が形成され、底部に載頭円錐部３３が形成されており、
その開口部に蓋体３１を螺合して密閉できるように構成
されている。蓋体３１の内周部には、破砕容器３０の開
口部の内周に嵌合する環状シール部３１ａが形成されて
いる。破砕容器３０は、被破砕物の材質や量に応じて２
ｍｌ〜５０ｍｌの容積のものが用いられ、環状保持体２
０もこの破砕容器３０の大きさに応じた容器ケース２２
を設けたものが用いられる。The crushing container 30 is, as shown in FIG.
It consists of an elongated cylindrical container, and a screw 30a
Is formed, and a frustoconical section 33 is formed at the bottom,
The lid 31 is screwed into the opening to be hermetically sealed. An annular seal portion 31 a that fits into the inner periphery of the opening of the crushing container 30 is formed on the inner periphery of the lid 31. The crushing container 30 has a capacity of 2 depending on the material and amount of the material to be crushed.
A volume of 50 ml to 50 ml is used.
0 is a container case 22 corresponding to the size of the crushing container 30.
Is provided.
【００３０】破砕容器３０の材質としては、ポリカーボ
ネート、ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレン、ポリスチレ
ン、テフロンなどの合成樹脂や、ステンレス鋼などの金
属やその内面にテフロンコーティングを施したものを用
いることができる。As the material of the crushing container 30, a synthetic resin such as polycarbonate, polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, and Teflon, a metal such as stainless steel, and a material having a Teflon coating on its inner surface can be used.
【００３１】破砕容器３０内に被破砕物とともに収容さ
れる破砕媒体３２は、図８（ａ）に示すように、破砕容
器３０の内径Ｄより大きい長さＬの単一部材にて構成さ
れており、その一端部に破砕容器３０の底部形状に対応
して同様の載頭円錐状の突出端部３２ａが形成されてい
る。また、他端部は、蓋体３２の内周の環状シール部３
１ａと干渉したり、嵌まり込むことがないように小径部
３２ｂに形成されている。また、破砕媒体３２の外径ｄ
は、破砕容器３０の内径Ｄに対して２ｍｍ以下、内径ｄ
が小さい場合には１ｍｍ以下程度小さく設定されてい
る。例えば、破砕容器３０の容量が２ｍｌの場合で、そ
の内径Ｄは８ｍｍ、破砕媒体３２の外径ｄは７ｍｍに設
定されている。The crushing medium 32 accommodated in the crushing container 30 together with the material to be crushed is composed of a single member having a length L larger than the inner diameter D of the crushing container 30 as shown in FIG. At one end thereof, a similar protruding end portion 32a having a frustoconical shape is formed corresponding to the bottom shape of the crushing container 30. Further, the other end portion is an annular seal portion 3 on the inner periphery of the lid 32.
The small diameter portion 32b is formed on the small diameter portion 32b so as not to interfere with or be fitted with 1a. Also, the outer diameter d of the crushing medium 32
Is 2 mm or less with respect to the inner diameter D of the crushing vessel 30, and the inner diameter d
Is smaller by about 1 mm or less. For example, when the capacity of the crushing container 30 is 2 ml, the inner diameter D is set to 8 mm, and the outer diameter d of the crushing medium 32 is set to 7 mm.
【００３２】また、図８（ｂ）、（ｃ）に示すように、
破砕媒体３２の突出端部３２ａには必要に応じて放射状
又は螺旋状に１又は複数の溝３４が形成される。As shown in FIGS. 8B and 8C,
One or a plurality of grooves 34 are formed in the protruding end portion 32a of the crushing medium 32 radially or spirally as required.
【００３３】この破砕媒体３２の材質としては、ＳＵＳ
４３０などの磁性ステンレス、ＳＵＳ３０４硬質ステン
レスなどのステンレス鋼、炭素鋼、チタン、タングステ
ン、ジルコニア、タングステンカーバイト、セラミッ
ク、ガラス、テフロン（登録商標）の単体又は複合して
構成したものを適宜用いることができる。The material of the crushing medium 32 is SUS
A magnetic steel such as 430, stainless steel such as SUS304 hard stainless steel, carbon steel, titanium, tungsten, zirconia, tungsten carbide, ceramic, glass, Teflon (registered trademark) alone or in combination may be appropriately used. it can.
【００３４】また、破砕容器３０や破砕媒体３２を、図
９及び図１０（ａ）〜（ｃ）に示すような形状に構成す
ることもできる。図９において、破砕容器３０の底部に
半球状ないし半楕円球状の半球部３５が形成されてお
り、それに伴って破砕媒体３２の一端部に図１０（ａ）
に示すように半球状の突出端部３２ａが形成されてい
る。また、その突出端部３２ａに図１０（ｂ）、（ｃ）
に示すように、溝３４を形成することもできる。Further, the crushing container 30 and the crushing medium 32 may be formed in shapes as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 (a) to 10 (c). In FIG. 9, a hemispherical or semi-elliptical hemispherical portion 35 is formed at the bottom of the crushing container 30.
A hemispherical protruding end 32a is formed as shown in FIG. 10 (b) and 10 (c).
As shown in FIG. 7, a groove 34 can be formed.
【００３５】また、図１１、図１２（ａ）〜（ｅ）に示
すように、破砕容器３０の底部と蓋体３１の両方に載頭
円錐部３３を形成し、破砕媒体３２の両端に同様の載頭
円錐状の突出端部３２ａを形成し、必要に応じて突出端
部３２ａや破砕媒体３２の全長にわたって１又は複数の
放射状や螺旋状の溝３４を形成することもできる。As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 (a) to 12 (e), a frustoconical section 33 is formed on both the bottom of the crushing vessel 30 and the lid 31. And one or a plurality of radial or spiral grooves 34 can be formed over the entire length of the protruding end 32a and the crushing medium 32 as necessary.
【００３６】また、図１３、図１４（ａ）〜（ｅ）に示
すように、破砕容器３０の底部と蓋体３１の両方に半球
部３５を形成し、破砕媒体３２の両端に同様の半球状の
突出端部３２ａを形成し、必要に応じて突出端部３２ａ
や破砕媒体３２の全長にわたって１又は複数の放射状や
螺旋状の溝３４を形成することもできる。As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 (a) to 14 (e), hemispherical portions 35 are formed on both the bottom of the crushing container 30 and the lid 31, and similar hemispherical portions are provided on both ends of the crushing medium 32. A protruding end 32a is formed, and if necessary, the protruding end 32a is formed.
Alternatively, one or more radial or spiral grooves 34 can be formed over the entire length of the crushing medium 32.
【００３７】以上の構成において、被破砕物の破砕を行
う場合には、細長い破砕容器３０内にその内径より大き
い長さの単一の破砕媒体３２と被破砕物を収容し、この
破砕容器３０を環状保持体２０の容器ケース２２に収容
して押圧板２３で固定し、駆動手段５にて回転軸８を回
転駆動すると、破砕容器３０がその軸芯方向の比較的長
い行程の主往復移動とそれに直交する方向の比較的短い
行程の副往復移動を組み合わせた８の字状に往復振動
し、それに伴って破砕媒体３２が破砕容器３０の軸芯に
ほぼ沿った姿勢を保持したまま相対回転しながら破砕容
器３０の底部に衝突を繰り返し、破砕容器３０が乳鉢、
破砕媒体３２が乳棒のように作用し、被破砕物が大型の
植物細胞や動物組織やプラスチック材料や鉱物材料など
であっても効率的に破砕される。In the above configuration, when crushing the object to be crushed, a single crushing medium 32 having a length larger than the inner diameter and the object to be crushed are accommodated in the elongated crushing container 30, and the crushing container 30 is crushed. Is accommodated in the container case 22 of the annular holder 20, fixed by the pressing plate 23, and the rotating shaft 8 is driven to rotate by the driving means 5, so that the crushing container 30 moves in the main reciprocating motion in a relatively long stroke in the axial direction thereof. Reciprocatingly vibrates in a figure-eight shape combining the sub-reciprocating movement of a relatively short stroke in the direction perpendicular to the crushing vessel. As a result, the crushing medium 32 rotates relative to the crushing vessel 30 while maintaining the posture substantially along the axis of the crushing vessel 30. While repeatedly hitting the bottom of the crushing container 30, the crushing container 30 is mortar,
The crushing medium 32 acts like a pestle, and the crushed object is efficiently crushed even if the object to be crushed is a large plant cell, an animal tissue, a plastic material, a mineral material, or the like.
【００３８】また、特に回転軸８を１０００〜４０００
ｒｐｍ、好適には３０００ｒｐｍ程度で回転させ、破砕
容器３０を２０〜６０Ｈｚの振動数で往復振動させる
と、破砕容器３０の容量が２〜５０ｃｃ程度の汎用され
る範囲で破砕媒体３２が効果的に作用し、被破砕物を効
率的に破砕することができる。Further, in particular, the rotation shaft 8 is set at 1000 to 4000
When the crushing vessel 30 is reciprocally oscillated at a frequency of 20 to 60 Hz by rotating the crushing vessel 30 at a frequency of preferably about 3000 rpm, the crushing medium 32 can be effectively used in a range where the capacity of the crushing vessel 30 is about 2 to 50 cc in general use. It works and can crush the object to be crushed efficiently.
【００３９】また、破砕容器３０の底部又は両端部を載
頭円錐部３３や半球部３５や楕円球部等とし、その内面
を載頭円錐状ないし略半球状に突出した形状にし、破砕
媒体３２の対向する端部外面をほぼ同様の形状とする
と、上記乳鉢−乳棒作用がより効果的に得られ、さらに
効率的に破砕することができる。The bottom or both ends of the crushing vessel 30 are formed as a truncated cone portion 33, a hemispherical portion 35, an elliptical sphere portion, or the like, and the inner surface thereof is formed into a truncated cone shape or a substantially hemispherical shape. When the opposing outer surfaces of the end portions have substantially the same shape, the mortar-pestle effect can be obtained more effectively, and the crushing can be performed more efficiently.
【００４０】また、破砕容器３０の内径と破砕媒体３２
の外径の差を２〜１ｍｍ以下とすると、被破砕物がしな
やかな場合でも、破砕媒体３２を確実に作用させること
ができて効率的に破砕することができる。The inner diameter of the crushing vessel 30 and the crushing medium 32
If the difference between the outer diameters is 2 to 1 mm or less, even if the material to be crushed is flexible, the crushing medium 32 can be made to act reliably and crushing can be performed efficiently.
【００４１】また、被破砕物がしなやかで切断され難い
繊維質を含んで破砕し難い動植物組織の場合には、破砕
容器３０内に被破砕物を収容した状態で液体窒素浴に入
れて被破砕物を凍結し、凍結真空乾燥すると、被破砕物
が容易に破砕される状態になるので、効率的に破砕する
ことができる。なお、本発明ではドライアイスで冷却す
るたけでも、同様の効果を得ることができる。さらに破
砕媒体３２を液体窒素等で被破砕物と共に冷却すること
により破砕の際の発熱を防ぐことができ、また破砕媒体
３２を被破砕物よりもより一層低温に冷却しておけば前
記発熱防止効果は顕著なものとなる。In the case where the object to be crushed is a flora and fauna tissue which is supple and hard to be cut and contains hard-to-cut fibers, the object to be crushed is placed in a liquid nitrogen bath in a state where the object to be crushed is contained in the crushing container 30 and crushed. When the material is frozen and freeze-vacuum dried, the material to be crushed is easily crushed, so that it can be crushed efficiently. In the present invention, the same effect can be obtained even by cooling with dry ice. Further, by cooling the crushing medium 32 together with the material to be crushed with liquid nitrogen or the like, heat generation during crushing can be prevented, and if the crushing medium 32 is cooled to a lower temperature than the material to be crushed, the heat generation can be prevented. The effect is significant.
【００４２】また、被破砕物が同じような動植物組織の
場合に、図８、図１０の（ｂ）、（ｃ）や、図１２、図
１４の（ｂ）〜（ｅ）のように溝３４を設けた破砕媒体
３２を用いると、上記のように被破砕物を凍結真空乾燥
しなくても溝部３４で切断され難い繊維質が効果的に切
断されるために、効率的に破砕することができる。ま
た、この場合に上記のようにドライアイスで冷却するこ
とにより大きな効果を発揮する。Further, when the object to be crushed is a similar animal or plant tissue, the groove is formed as shown in FIGS. 8, 10 (b) and 10 (c) and FIGS. 12 and 14 (b) to (e). The use of the crushing medium 32 provided with 34 effectively cuts the fiber which is difficult to be cut in the groove 34 without freeze-drying the material to be crushed as described above. Can be. In this case, a great effect is exhibited by cooling with dry ice as described above.
【００４３】また、破砕媒体３２として、その表面を研
磨したチタン製のものを用いると、被破砕物が骨などの
硬い動物組織の場合にも、破砕媒体３２の表面に例えば
ＤＮＡやＲＮＡなどの組成物が残留して次の破砕時にク
ロスコンタミネーションが発生する恐れを無くすことが
できる。When the crushing medium 32 is made of titanium whose surface is polished, even if the crushed object is a hard animal tissue such as a bone, the surface of the crushing medium 32 may be made of, for example, DNA or RNA. It is possible to eliminate the possibility that the composition remains and cross contamination occurs at the next crushing.
【００４４】また、破砕媒体３２として、炭素鋼などの
金属材料の表面にテフロンでコーティングを施したもの
を用いることにより、破砕容器３０に腐食性の緩衝液や
抽出液を収容する場合に耐蝕性を示し、かつ作用に必要
な重量を確保することができる。Further, by using a metal material such as carbon steel coated with Teflon as the crushing medium 32, the crushing container 30 can be used to store a corrosive buffer solution or an extractant. And the weight required for the operation can be secured.
【００４５】また、破砕媒体３２として磁性ステンレス
などの磁性を持つものを用いることにより、破砕後に破
砕容器３０から破砕媒体３２を取り出すときに磁石で吸
着して容易に取り出すことができ、作業性が向上する。Further, by using a magnetic material such as a magnetic stainless steel as the crushing medium 32, the crushing medium 32 can be easily taken out by being attracted by a magnet when the crushing medium 32 is taken out of the crushing container 30 after crushing, and workability is improved. improves.
【００４６】以下、具体実施例を説明する。Hereinafter, specific embodiments will be described.
【００４７】（実施例１）移植後３ヶ月齢のイネ生葉
（２００〜３００ｍｇ）を２ｍｌの図４に示した形状の
破砕容器に入れ、液体窒素浴で凍結し、凍結真空乾燥さ
せ、図５（ａ）に示した形状の破砕媒体を入れ、上記破
砕装置のホルダにセットし、３０００ｒｐｍで１分粉砕
した。その粉末に、緩衝液（Ｔｒｉｓ−ＨＣ１，ＰＨ
８．０）を１ｍｌ加え、１０００Ｇで５分遠心分離し
た。遠心分離後、上清と沈殿に分け、上清はメチルアル
コール最終濃度９０％にし、沈殿は９０％メチルアルコ
ール１．５ｍｌを加え、７０℃で１分加熱し、１０，０
００Ｇで５分遠心分離した。その上清を分光光度計で６
６６，６５３ｎｍの吸光度を測定した。Example 1 Three months old rice leaf (200-300 mg) after transplantation was placed in a 2 ml crushing container having the shape shown in FIG. 4, frozen in a liquid nitrogen bath, freeze-dried under vacuum, and A crushing medium having the shape shown in (a) was charged, set in the holder of the crushing apparatus, and crushed at 3000 rpm for 1 minute. A buffer (Tris-HC1, PH) is added to the powder.
8.0), and centrifuged at 1000 G for 5 minutes. After centrifugation, the supernatant was separated from the precipitate, the supernatant was adjusted to a final concentration of 90% methyl alcohol, and the precipitate was added with 1.5 ml of 90% methyl alcohol, heated at 70 ° C. for 1 minute,
Centrifuged at 00G for 5 minutes. The supernatant was analyzed with a spectrophotometer.
The absorbance at 66,653 nm was measured.
【００４８】比較のために、同一試料に石英砂を加え、
乳鉢中で乳棒で２０分磨砕し、同一条件で分画したもの
と比較した。For comparison, quartz sand was added to the same sample,
It was ground with a pestle for 20 minutes in a mortar and compared with those fractionated under the same conditions.
【００４９】破砕率は、乳鉢−乳棒方式を１００％とし
て、破砕容器の内径が８ｍｍの場合に、外径が７ｍｍ、
長さが１０ｍｍの破砕媒体を用いると９５％であり、長
さが７ｍｍのものを用いた場合には６５％であった。The crushing rate is defined as 100% in the mortar-pestle method, when the inner diameter of the crushing vessel is 8 mm, the outer diameter is 7 mm,
It was 95% using a crushing medium having a length of 10 mm and 65% using a crushing medium having a length of 7 mm.
【００５０】（実施例２）移植後３ヶ月齢のイネ生葉
（２００〜３００ｍｇ）を２ｍｌの図４に示した形状の
破砕容器に入れ、液体窒素浴で凍結し、凍結真空乾燥さ
せ、図５（ａ）に示した形状の破砕媒体を入れ、上記破
砕装置のホルダにセットし、３０００ｒｐｍで１分破砕
した。その粉末に、緩衝液（Ｔｒｉｓ−ＨＣ１，ＰＨ
８．０）を１ｍｌ加え、直径０．５ｍｍのガラスビーズ
１ｍｌを加え、上記破砕装置にて３０００ｒｐｍで３分
粉砕し、破砕物に蒸留水を懸濁した。その試料を光学顕
微鏡で測定したところ、１μｍ以下の粒子が８５％であ
った。Example 2 Three months old rice leaves (200-300 mg) after transplantation were placed in a 2 ml crushing container having the shape shown in FIG. 4, frozen in a liquid nitrogen bath, freeze-dried under vacuum, and A crushing medium having the shape shown in (a) was placed in the holder of the crushing apparatus, and crushed at 3000 rpm for 1 minute. A buffer (Tris-HC1, PH) is added to the powder.
8.0), 1 ml of glass beads having a diameter of 0.5 mm was added, and the mixture was pulverized at 3000 rpm for 3 minutes by the above-mentioned pulverizer, and distilled water was suspended in the pulverized material. When the sample was measured with an optical microscope, 85% of the particles were 1 μm or less.
【００５１】（実施例３）移植後３ヶ月齢のイネ生葉
（２００〜３００ｍｇ）を２ｍｌの図４に示した形状の
破砕容器に入れ、緩衝液（Ｔｒｉｓ−ＨＣ１，ＰＨ８．
０）を１ｍｌ加え、図５（ｂ）に示した形状の破砕媒体
を入れ、上記破砕装置のホルダにセットし、３０００ｒ
ｐｍで１分粉砕した。その破砕物を、１０００Ｇで５分
遠心分離した。遠心分離後、上清と沈殿に分け、上清は
メチルアルコール最終濃度９０％にし、沈殿は９０％メ
チルアルコール１．５ｍｌを加え、７０℃で１分加熱
し、１０，０００Ｇで５分遠心分離した。その上清を分
光光度計で６６６，６５３ｎｍの吸光度を測定した。Example 3 Three months old fresh rice leaves (200 to 300 mg) after transplantation were placed in a 2 ml crushing container having the shape shown in FIG. 4 and a buffer solution (Tris-HC1, PH8.
0) was added, and a crushing medium having the shape shown in FIG. 5 (b) was added.
Milled for 1 minute at pm. The crushed product was centrifuged at 1000 G for 5 minutes. After centrifugation, the supernatant is separated from the precipitate. The supernatant is adjusted to a final concentration of methyl alcohol of 90%. The precipitate is added with 1.5 ml of 90% methyl alcohol, heated at 70 ° C. for 1 minute, and centrifuged at 10,000 G for 5 minutes. did. The absorbance of the supernatant was measured at 666,653 nm using a spectrophotometer.
【００５２】比較のために、同一試料に石英砂を加え、
乳鉢中で乳棒で２０分摩砕し、同一条件で分画したもの
と比較した。For comparison, quartz sand was added to the same sample,
It was ground with a pestle for 20 minutes in a mortar and compared with those fractionated under the same conditions.
【００５３】破砕率は、乳鉢−乳棒方式を１００％とし
て、破砕容器の内径が８ｍｍの場合に、外径が７ｍｍ、
長さが１０ｍｍで、溝付きの破砕媒体を用いると８５％
であり、図５（ａ）に示した溝無しの同破砕媒体では５
５％であった。The crushing rate is defined as 100% in the mortar-pestle method, when the inner diameter of the crushing vessel is 8 mm, the outer diameter is 7 mm,
85% when using 10 mm length and grooved crushing media
In the same crushing medium without grooves shown in FIG.
5%.
【００５４】（実施例４）移植後３ヶ月齢のイネ生葉
（２００〜３００ｍｇ）を２ｍｌの図４に示した形状の
破砕容器に入れ、液体窒素浴で凍結し凍結真空乾燥さ
せ、図５（ａ）に示した形状の破砕媒体を入れ、上記破
砕装置のホルダにセットし、３０００ｒｐｍで１５秒粉
砕した。その粉末に、組織溶解液（ベンジルクロライ
ド）３００μｌ，ＤＮＡ抽出液（１００ｍＭ Ｔｒｉｓ
−ＨＣ１，ＰＨ８．５０ｍＭ ＥＤＴＡ，ＳＤＳ １
％）６００μｌを加え、５５℃、１５分加湿する。３Ｍ
酢酸ナトリウム（ＰＨ５）を３００μｌ加え、氷水上に
１５分静置し、１０，０００Ｇで２０分遠心分離した。
遠心分離後、上清を新しい容器に取り、２−プロパノー
ルを上清と等量加え、２０分室温で静置した。それを１
０，０００Ｇで５分遠心分離し、上清を棄てた。沈殿を
７０％エタノールで洗浄した。沈殿を真空遠心乾燥機で
７分乾燥し、乾燥物を１００μｌのＴＥ緩衝液に再溶解
し、ＤＡＰＩ蛍光分光法にてＤＮＡを定量したところ、
生葉１００ｍｇ当たり３００μｇの収量を得た。アガロ
ース電気泳動で長さを調べたところ３０Ｋｂｐであっ
た。Example 4 Three months old rice leaves (200-300 mg) after transplantation were placed in a 2 ml crushing container having the shape shown in FIG. 4, frozen in a liquid nitrogen bath, freeze-dried, and then dried as shown in FIG. A crushing medium having the shape shown in a) was placed in the holder of the crushing apparatus, and crushed at 3000 rpm for 15 seconds. 300 μl of a tissue lysate (benzyl chloride) and a DNA extract (100 mM Tris) are added to the powder.
-HC1, PH 8.50 mM EDTA, SDS 1
%) And humidify at 55 ° C. for 15 minutes. 3M
300 μl of sodium acetate (PH5) was added, the mixture was allowed to stand on ice water for 15 minutes, and centrifuged at 10,000 G for 20 minutes.
After centrifugation, the supernatant was taken into a new container, 2-propanol was added in the same amount as the supernatant, and the mixture was allowed to stand at room temperature for 20 minutes. 1
After centrifugation at 000 G for 5 minutes, the supernatant was discarded. The precipitate was washed with 70% ethanol. The precipitate was dried in a vacuum centrifugal dryer for 7 minutes, the dried product was redissolved in 100 μl of TE buffer, and DNA was quantified by DAPI fluorescence spectroscopy.
A yield of 300 μg per 100 mg fresh leaves was obtained. The length was determined by agarose electrophoresis and found to be 30 Kbp.
【００５５】（実施例５）移植後３ヶ月のイネ生葉（２
００〜３００ｍｇ）を２ｍｌの図４に示した形状の破砕
容器に入れ、液体窒素浴で凍結し凍結真空乾燥させ、図
５（ａ）に示した形状の破砕媒体を入れ、抽出・変性緩
衝液（４Ｍ グアニジンチオシアネート、２５ｍＭ ク
エン酸ナトリウム ＰＨ５、０．５％ ｎラウロイルザ
ルコシン酸ナトリウム、０．１Ｍ ２−メルカプトエタ
ノール）を１，０００μｌ加え、上記破砕装置のホルダ
にセットし、３０００ｒｐｍで３分粉砕した。その破砕
液に、酢酸ナトリウム緩衝液（２Ｍ ＰＨ４）を１００
μｌ加えて混合し、フェノール（蒸留水飽和）を０．５
ｍｌ加えて混合し、更にクロロフォルム−イソアルミア
ルコール（４９：１混合）を０．２ｍｌ加えて混合し、
１０，０００Ｇ、４℃、２０分遠心分離した。遠心分離
後上層の水層を容器に取り、等容量の２−プロパノール
を加え、室温で３０分静置し、１０，０００Ｇ、４℃、
２０分遠心分離した。遠心分離後、７０％エチルアルコ
ール１ｍｌで洗浄した。沈殿を真空遠心乾燥機で７分乾
燥した。乾燥物を１００μｌのＴＥ（ＰＨ７．４）緩衝
液に再溶解し、ＤＮ ａｓｅＩ（ＲＮ ａｓｅ ｆｒｅ
ｅ ＤＮ ａｓｅＩ，１０ｕｎｉｔ／μｌ）を４μｌ、
１００ｍＭ ＭｇＣｌを２２０μｌ加えて３７℃、３０
分反応させた。フェノール・／クロロフォルム（１：
１）混合液を０．１ｍｌ加えて混合し、１０，０００
Ｇ、４℃、２０分遠心分離した。遠心分離後、７０％エ
チルアルコール１ｍｌで洗浄した。沈殿を真空遠心乾燥
機で７分乾燥した。乾燥物を１００μｌのＴＥ緩衝液に
再溶解し、蛍光分光法（２６０ｎｍ）でＲＮＡで定量し
たところ、生葉１００ｍｇ当たり３００μｇの収量を得
た。変性アガロース電気泳動で長さを調べたところ４．
７Ｋｂｐ（２８ｓ）、１．９Ｋｂｐ（１８ｓ）のリポゾ
ームＲＮＡのきれいなバンド像が得られた。(Example 5) Three months after transplantation, rice leaves (2
(300-300 mg) is placed in a 2 ml crushing container having the shape shown in FIG. 4, frozen in a liquid nitrogen bath, freeze-dried, and crushing medium having the shape shown in FIG. (4 M guanidine thiocyanate, 25 mM sodium citrate PH5, 0.5% n-lauroyl sarcosinate, 0.1 M 2-mercaptoethanol) was added, and the mixture was set in the holder of the above crusher and crushed at 3000 rpm for 3 minutes. did. To the crushed solution, 100 mL of sodium acetate buffer (2M PH4) was added.
Add and mix phenol (0.5% saturated with distilled water).
ml of chloroform-isoaluminoalcohol (mixture of 49: 1) was added and mixed.
Centrifugation was performed at 10,000 G at 4 ° C. for 20 minutes. After centrifugation, the upper aqueous layer is taken into a container, an equal volume of 2-propanol is added thereto, and the mixture is allowed to stand at room temperature for 30 minutes.
Centrifuged for 20 minutes. After centrifugation, it was washed with 1 ml of 70% ethyl alcohol. The precipitate was dried in a vacuum centrifugal dryer for 7 minutes. The dried product was redissolved in 100 μl of TE (PH 7.4) buffer, and DNaseI (RNase free
e DNaseI, 10 unit / μl) 4 μl,
After adding 220 μl of 100 mM MgCl, the mixture was added at 37 ° C. for 30 minutes.
Minutes. Phenol / chloroform (1:
1) Add 0.1 ml of the mixed solution, mix and mix 10,000
G, and centrifuged at 4 ° C. for 20 minutes. After centrifugation, it was washed with 1 ml of 70% ethyl alcohol. The precipitate was dried in a vacuum centrifugal dryer for 7 minutes. The dried product was redissolved in 100 μl of TE buffer and quantified by RNA with fluorescence spectroscopy (260 nm) to give a yield of 300 μg per 100 mg of fresh leaves. 3. The length was determined by denaturing agarose electrophoresis.
A clear band image of liposomal RNA of 7 Kbp (28 s) and 1.9 Kbp (18 s) was obtained.
【００５６】以上説明した破砕装置１において、環状保
持体２０は、破砕容器３０の容量毎に用意され、必要と
する容量の破砕容器３０に対応する環状保持体に交換す
ることになるが、図１５に示すように、容量が異なる複
数種類の破砕容器３０を装着できる環状保持体５０を用
いることができる。In the crushing apparatus 1 described above, the annular holder 20 is prepared for each capacity of the crushing container 30 and is replaced with an annular holder corresponding to the required capacity of the crushing container 30. As shown in FIG. 15, an annular holder 50 to which a plurality of types of crushing containers 30 having different capacities can be attached can be used.
【００５７】図１５に示す環状保持体５０は、容量５０
ｃｃの破砕容器３０ａを収容するための容器ケース５４
が３ヶ所、容量２ｃｃの破砕容器３０ｂを収容するため
の容器ケース５５が６ヶ所に取り付けることができるよ
うに構成されている。図示する大きい穴５６には容器ケ
ース５４が、小さい穴５７には容器ケース５５が取り付
けられる。また、容器ケース５４は、図１６に示すよう
に、スペーサ５８を装着して容量１５ｃｃの破砕容器３
０ｃを装着することができる。従って、この環状保持体
５０は容量が異なる３種類の破砕容器３０ａ，３０ｂ，
３０ｃを用いて同時に破砕を行うことができる。The annular holder 50 shown in FIG.
Container case 54 for accommodating cc crushing container 30a
Are configured so that three container cases 55 for accommodating the crushing container 30b having a capacity of 2 cc can be attached to six positions. The container case 54 is attached to the large hole 56 shown, and the container case 55 is attached to the small hole 57. As shown in FIG. 16, the container case 54 is provided with a spacer 58 and a crushing container 3 having a capacity of 15 cc.
0c can be attached. Therefore, this annular holder 50 has three types of crushing vessels 30a, 30b,
Simultaneous crushing can be performed using 30c.
【００５８】前記容器ケース５４、５５は、それぞれの
本体部５４ａ、５５ａが環状保持体５０に取り付けられ
ており、破砕容器３０ａ、３０ｂの場合には本体部５４
ａ、５５ａにそれぞれ破砕容器３０ａ、３０ｂを投入
し、蓋部５４ｂ、５５ｂで閉じると、破砕容器３０ａ、
３０ｂは装着ホルダ５４，５５内に保持される。また、
容器ケース５４を用いて容量１５ｃｃの破砕容器３０ｃ
で破砕を行うときには、本体部５４ａにスペーサ５８を
挿入した後、破砕容器３０ｃを投入する。In the container cases 54 and 55, the main bodies 54a and 55a are attached to the annular holder 50. In the case of the crushing containers 30a and 30b, the main bodies 54a and 55b are used.
When the crushing containers 30a and 30b are put into the a and 55a, respectively, and closed with the lids 54b and 55b, the crushing containers 30a and
30b is held in the mounting holders 54, 55. Also,
Crushing container 30c of 15 cc capacity using container case 54
When crushing is performed, the spacer 58 is inserted into the main body portion 54a, and then the crushing container 30c is charged.
【００５９】また、図１７に示すように、破砕容器３０
の冷却手段を設けた環状保持体６０を用いることができ
る。破砕の進行に伴って被破砕物の温度が上昇したと
き、被端物が温度上昇により変質するような場合に、こ
の環状保持体６０を用いると、破砕に伴う温度上昇を生
じさせることがない。Further, as shown in FIG.
The annular holding body 60 provided with the cooling means can be used. When the temperature of the object to be crushed rises with the progress of crushing, and when the object to be crushed deteriorates due to the temperature rise, the use of the annular holding body 60 does not cause the temperature rise accompanying crushing. .
【００６０】この環状保持体６０では、図１７に示すよ
うに、冷却水が循環する３個の冷却容器ケース６１が取
り付けられており、これに図１８に示すように破砕容器
３０を投入して蓋部６２で開口部を閉じると、冷却容器
ケース６１内に破砕容器３０が密封される。冷却容器ケ
ース６１は内筒６５と外筒６６の二重構造に形成されて
おり、図１９に示すように、給水口６３から供給された
冷却水は内筒６５内に入り、内筒６５内に挿入された破
砕容器３０を冷却し、外筒６６内から排水口６４に流れ
る。各冷却容器ケース６１それぞれの給水口６３及び排
水口６４は並列に接続され、図示しない冷却水供給手段
に接続される。As shown in FIG. 17, the annular holder 60 is provided with three cooling container cases 61 for circulating cooling water, into which the crushing container 30 is charged as shown in FIG. When the opening is closed by the lid 62, the crushing container 30 is sealed in the cooling container case 61. The cooling container case 61 is formed in a double structure of an inner cylinder 65 and an outer cylinder 66. As shown in FIG. 19, the cooling water supplied from the water supply port 63 enters the inner cylinder 65, The crushing container 30 inserted into the outer cylinder 66 is cooled and flows from the outer cylinder 66 to the drain port 64. The water supply port 63 and the water discharge port 64 of each cooling container case 61 are connected in parallel and connected to a cooling water supply means (not shown).
【００６１】また、破砕媒体として、図２０、図２１に
示すように、破砕容器３０内に杵７１と臼７２とによる
破砕媒体７０を用いることができる。臼７２は、破砕容
器３０が図７に示したような載頭円錐形のものであると
き、その底部外面は載頭円錐状に形成され、内面側は杵
７１の先端形状と同じ半球状に形成されている。この臼
７２を破砕容器３０内に挿入し、この中に被破砕物７４
を投入し、臼７２内に先端部を挿入して杵７１を配し、
破砕装置１で振動を加えると、杵７１と臼７２とが破砕
容器３０内で移動し、良好な破砕効果が得られる。As shown in FIGS. 20 and 21, a crushing medium 70 composed of a punch 71 and a die 72 can be used in the crushing vessel 30 as shown in FIGS. When the crushing vessel 30 has a frustoconical shape as shown in FIG. 7, the mortar 72 has a bottom outer surface formed in a frustoconical shape, and an inner surface having the same hemispherical shape as the tip shape of the punch 71. Is formed. The mortar 72 is inserted into the crushing vessel 30 and the crushed material 74 is placed therein.
Is inserted, the tip is inserted into the die 72, and the punch 71 is arranged.
When vibration is applied by the crushing device 1, the punch 71 and the die 72 move in the crushing container 30, and a good crushing effect is obtained.
【００６２】[0062]
【発明の効果】本発明の破砕方法によれば、以上のよう
に細長い破砕容器内にその軸芯にほぼ沿った姿勢を保持
してほぼ軸芯方向に相対移動する形状及び大きさの単一
の破砕媒体を収容し、破砕容器を８の字状に往復振動さ
せるので、その往復振動に伴って内部に収容された破砕
媒体が相対回転しながら破砕容器の底部に衝突し、破砕
容器が乳鉢、破砕媒体が乳棒のように作用し、被破砕物
が大型の植物組織や動物組織やプラスチック材料や鉱物
材料などであっても効率的に破砕することができる。According to the crushing method of the present invention, as described above, a single unit having a shape and a size that relatively moves in the axial direction while maintaining a posture substantially along the axis in the elongated crushing container. Of the crushing container, and the crushing container is reciprocally oscillated in a figure-eight shape. With the reciprocating vibration, the crushing medium contained therein collides with the bottom of the crushing container while relatively rotating, and the crushing container is mortar-shaped. In addition, the crushing medium acts like a pestle, so that even if the crushed object is a large plant tissue, an animal tissue, a plastic material, a mineral material, or the like, it can be efficiently crushed.
【００６３】また、破砕容器を２０〜６０Ｈｚの振動数
で往復振動させると、破砕容器の容量が２〜５０ｃｃ程
度の汎用される範囲で破砕媒体が効果的に作用し、被破
砕物を効率的に破砕することができる。When the crushing container is reciprocally oscillated at a frequency of 20 to 60 Hz, the crushing medium works effectively within the range of general use in which the capacity of the crushing container is about 2 to 50 cc, and the material to be crushed is efficiently removed. Can be crushed.
【００６４】また、被破砕物を液体窒素浴で凍結し、凍
結真空乾燥すると、被破砕物がしなやかで切断され難い
繊維質を含んで破砕し難い動植物組織の場合にも、被破
砕物が容易に粉砕されるため効率的に破砕することがで
きる。When the material to be crushed is frozen in a liquid nitrogen bath and freeze-vacuum-dried, the material to be crushed can be easily crushed even if the material to be crushed contains flexible and hard-to-cut fibers and is hard to crush. It can be efficiently crushed.
【００６５】また、表面の一部に溝を設けた破砕媒体を
用いると、被破砕物がしなやかで切断され難い繊維質を
含んで破砕し難い動植物組織の場合にも、溝部で繊維質
が効果的に切断できて効率的に破砕することができる。Further, when a crushing medium having a groove in a part of its surface is used, even if the object to be crushed is an animal or plant tissue which is difficult to crush and contains a fiber which is difficult to cut, the fiber can be effectively used in the groove. And can be efficiently crushed.
【００６６】また、表面を研磨したチタン製破砕媒体を
用いると、被破砕物が骨などの硬い動物組織の場合に
も、破砕媒体表面に例えばＤＮＡやＲＮＡなどの組成物
が残留して次の破砕時にクロスコンタミネーションが発
生する恐れを無くすことができる。When a crushing medium made of titanium whose surface is polished is used, even when the object to be crushed is a hard animal tissue such as a bone, a composition such as DNA or RNA remains on the surface of the crushing medium and the following material is used. It is possible to eliminate the possibility that cross contamination occurs during crushing.
【００６７】また、本発明の破砕装置によれば、回転軸
にその軸芯に対して軸芯の傾斜した傾斜軸部を設け、傾
斜軸部に相対回転自在に環状保持体を外嵌するとともに
この環状保持体の回転を弾性的に拘束する手段を設け、
環状保持体の外周部に破砕媒体と被破砕物を収容した細
長い破砕容器を環状保持体の軸芯と平行な姿勢で保持さ
せるとともに、破砕媒体は破砕容器の内径より大きい長
さの単一部材にて構成したので、上記破砕方法を実施し
てその作用を奏し、被破砕物が大型の場合にも効率機的
に破砕することができる。Further, according to the crushing device of the present invention, the rotary shaft is provided with the inclined shaft portion whose inclination is inclined with respect to the axis, and the annular holder is fitted around the inclined shaft portion so as to be relatively rotatable. A means for elastically restricting the rotation of the annular holder is provided,
An elongated crushing vessel containing a crushing medium and a material to be crushed is held in a position parallel to the axis of the annular holding body, and the crushing medium is a single member having a length larger than the inner diameter of the crushing vessel. In this case, the above-described crushing method is implemented to achieve the effect, and even when the crushed object is large, it can be efficiently crushed.
【００６８】また、破砕容器の少なくとも一端部の内面
を略半球状ないし円錐状に突出した形状とし、破砕媒体
の対向する端部外面をほぼ同様の形状とすると、上記乳
鉢−乳棒作用がより効果的に得られ、さらに効率的に破
砕することができる。When the inner surface of at least one end of the crushing container is formed to have a substantially hemispherical or conical shape and the outer surfaces of the opposite ends of the crushing medium are formed to have substantially the same shape, the mortar-pestle effect is more effective. And can be crushed more efficiently.
【００６９】また、破砕容器の内径と破砕媒体の外径の
差を２〜１ｍｍ以下とすると、被破砕物がしなやかな場
合でも、破砕媒体を確実に作用させることができて効率
的に破砕することができる。When the difference between the inner diameter of the crushing vessel and the outer diameter of the crushing medium is set to 2 to 1 mm or less, the crushing medium can be made to act reliably even if the object to be crushed is flexible, so that the crushing can be efficiently performed. be able to.
【００７０】また、破砕媒体の少なくとも一端部表面に
１又は複数の溝を形成すると、被破砕物がしなやかで切
断され難い繊維質を含んで破砕し難い動植物組織の場合
にも、溝部で繊維質が効果的に切断できて効率的に破砕
することができる。Further, when one or more grooves are formed on at least one end surface of the crushing medium, even if the object to be crushed is an animal or plant tissue that is supple and difficult to cut, and contains a fibrous material that is difficult to be crushed, the fibrous material is formed in the groove. Can be effectively cut and crushed efficiently.
【００７１】また、環状保持体を複数種類の破砕容器が
装着できるように構成することにより、複数種類の被破
砕物に対する破砕を同時に行うことができる。Further, by arranging the annular holding member so that a plurality of types of crushing containers can be mounted, crushing of a plurality of types of crushable objects can be performed simultaneously.
【００７２】また、容器ケース内にスペーサを装着して
異なるサイズの破砕容器の取り付けを可能とすることに
より、１つの環状保持体で２種類の被破砕物の破砕を同
時に行うことができる。Further, by mounting spacers in the container case to enable mounting of crushing containers of different sizes, two types of crushed objects can be crushed simultaneously by one annular holder.
【００７３】また、冷却水の流路を形成した容器ケース
を用いることにより、破砕により温度上昇して被破砕物
が変質することが、冷却により防止することができる。Further, by using the container case in which the cooling water flow path is formed, it is possible to prevent the temperature of the crushed material from being altered due to the crushing, thereby preventing the crushed material from being deteriorated.
【００７４】また、破砕媒体を臼と杵とにより構成し、
これを破砕容器内に配して振動を加えると、臼と杵とが
破砕容器内で移動するので破砕効果が向上し、破砕に要
する時間を短縮することができる。The crushing medium is constituted by a mortar and a punch,
When this is arranged in the crushing container and vibration is applied, the mortar and the punch move in the crushing container, so that the crushing effect is improved and the time required for crushing can be reduced.
【図１】本発明の破砕装置の一実施形態の全体側面図で
ある。FIG. 1 is an overall side view of an embodiment of a crushing device of the present invention.
【図２】同実施形態の要部の縦断面図である。FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part of the embodiment.
【図３】同実施形態における環状体の振動形態の説明図
である。FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a vibration mode of an annular body in the embodiment.
【図４】同実施形態における環状保持体と押圧板の変形
例の縦断面図である。FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a modified example of the annular holding body and the pressing plate in the embodiment.
【図５】同環状保持体と押圧板による保持状態の平面図
である。FIG. 5 is a plan view of a holding state of the annular holding body and a pressing plate.
【図６】同環状保持体と押圧板による保持解除状態の平
面図である。FIG. 6 is a plan view of a state where the holding by the annular holding body and the pressing plate is released.
【図７】同実施形態における破砕容器の第１例の縦断面
図である。FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of a first example of the crushing container in the embodiment.
【図８】図７の破砕容器に組み合わせて用いる破砕媒体
の各種例の正面図である。8 is a front view of various examples of a crushing medium used in combination with the crushing container of FIG. 7;
【図９】同実施形態における破砕容器の第２例の縦断面
図である。FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view of a second example of the crushing container in the embodiment.
【図１０】図９の破砕容器に組み合わせて用いる破砕媒
体の各種例の正面図である。10 is a front view of various examples of a crushing medium used in combination with the crushing container of FIG.
【図１１】同実施形態における破砕容器の第３例の縦断
面図である。FIG. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view of a third example of the crushing container in the embodiment.
【図１２】図１１の破砕容器に組み合わせて用いる破砕
媒体の各種例の正面図である。12 is a front view of various examples of a crushing medium used in combination with the crushing container of FIG.
【図１３】同実施形態における破砕容器の第４例の縦断
面図である。FIG. 13 is a longitudinal sectional view of a fourth example of the crushing container in the embodiment.
【図１４】図１３の破砕容器に組み合わせて用いる破砕
媒体の各種例の正面図である。14 is a front view of various examples of a crushing medium used in combination with the crushing container of FIG.
【図１５】環状保持体の変形例を示す平面図である。FIG. 15 is a plan view showing a modification of the annular holder.
【図１６】同上構成に用いた容器ケースの構成を示す断
面図である。FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a container case used in the above configuration.
【図１７】冷却構造を備えた環状保持体の構成を示す平
面図である。FIG. 17 is a plan view showing a configuration of an annular holder having a cooling structure.
【図１８】同上構成に用いた冷却容器ケースの構成を示
す断面図である。FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a cooling container case used in the above configuration.
【図１９】冷却容器ケースに取り付けられた給水口、排
水口を示す側面図である。FIG. 19 is a side view showing a water supply port and a drain port attached to the cooling container case.
【図２０】臼と杵とによる破砕媒体の構成を示す断面図
である。FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a crushing medium using a die and a punch.
【図２１】臼と杵の構成を示す側面図である。FIG. 21 is a side view showing a configuration of a die and a punch.
１ 破砕装置 ８ 回転軸 １１ 傾斜軸体 １５ 環状体 １６ 磁石 １８ 対極磁石 ２０、５０，６０ 環状保持体 ３０、３０ａ、３０ｂ、３０ｃ 破砕容器 ３２、７０ 破砕媒体 ３３ 載頭円錐部 ３４ 溝 ３５ 半球部 ５４，５５ 容器ケース ５８ スペーサ ６１ 冷却容器ケース ７１ 杵 ７２ 臼 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Crushing apparatus 8 Rotating shaft 11 Tilt shaft 15 Ring body 16 Magnet 18 Counter electrode magnet 20, 50, 60 Ring holder 30, 30a, 30b, 30c Crushing container 32, 70 Crushing medium 33 Mounting cone 34 Groove 35 Hemisphere 54, 55 Container case 58 Spacer 61 Cooling container case 71 Punch 72 Mold
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 ＦＩ テーマコート゛(参考） Ｇ０１Ｎ 1/28 Ｌ (72)発明者 松岡 信 名古屋市緑区篠の風３−20 滝ノ水住宅 ９−203 (72)発明者 横田 信 大阪府和泉市伯太町５−26−７ (72)発明者 玉井 修 大阪市都島区都島南通２−８−14 (72)発明者 渡部 浩之輔 アメリカ合衆国 イリノイ州62707 スプ リングフィールド ミッショナリー リッ ジ 516 Ｆターム(参考） 2G045 BA13 BB16 BB47 BB49 CB01 CB20 FA03 HA02 JA07 4B029 AA15 BB01 4D063 FF03 FF06 FF08 FF24 GA03 GA07 GA10 GC23 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. 7 Identification symbol FI Theme court ゛ (Reference) G01N 1/28 L (72) Inventor Shin Shin Matsuoka 3-20 Shinonokaze, Midori-ku, Nagoya 9-9-203 Takinozu House (72) Inventor Shin Yokota 5-26-7 Hakutacho, Izumi City, Osaka Prefecture (72) Inventor Osamu Tamai 2-8-14, Miyakojima Nantori, Miyakojima-ku, Osaka (72) Inventor Konosuke Watanabe 62707 Spring, Illinois, USA Field Missionary Ridge 516 F Term (Reference) 2G045 BA13 BB16 BB47 BB49 CB01 CB20 FA03 HA02 JA07 4B029 AA15 BB01 4D063 FF03 FF06 FF08 FF24 GA03 GA07 GA10 GC23
Claims (13)
し、破砕容器を高速で往復振動させることで被破砕物を
破砕する破砕方法であって、細長い破砕容器内にその軸
芯にほぼ沿った姿勢を保持してほぼ軸芯方向に相対移動
する形状及び大きさの単一の破砕媒体を収容し、破砕容
器をその軸芯方向の比較的長い行程の主往復移動とそれ
に直交する方向の比較的短い行程の副往復移動を組み合
わせた８の字状に往復振動させることを特徴とする破砕
方法。1. A crushing method in which a crushing medium and an object to be crushed are housed in a crushing container, and the crushing container is reciprocated at a high speed to crush the object to be crushed. A single crushing medium having a shape and a size that relatively moves in the axial direction while maintaining a substantially parallel posture is accommodated, and the crushing container is moved in the main reciprocating movement of a relatively long stroke in the axial direction and orthogonal to the main reciprocating movement. A crushing method characterized by reciprocating in a figure-eight shape by combining sub-reciprocal movements of a relatively short stroke in the direction.
復振動させることを特徴とする請求項１記載の破砕方
法。2. The crushing method according to claim 1, wherein the crushing container is reciprocated at a frequency of 20 to 60 Hz.
空乾燥することを特徴とする請求項１記載の破砕方法。3. The crushing method according to claim 1, wherein the material to be crushed is frozen in a liquid nitrogen bath and freeze-vacuum dried.
ることを特徴とする請求項１記載の破砕方法。4. The crushing method according to claim 1, wherein a crushing medium having a groove in a part of its surface is used.
ることを特徴とする請求項１記載の破砕方法。5. The crushing method according to claim 1, wherein a crushing medium made of titanium whose surface is polished is used.
し、破砕容器を高速で往復振動させて被破砕物を破砕す
る破砕装置であって、回転軸にその軸芯に対して軸芯の
傾斜した傾斜軸部を設け、傾斜軸部に相対回転自在に環
状保持体を外嵌するとともにこの環状保持体の回転を弾
性的に拘束する手段を設け、環状保持体の外周部に破砕
媒体と被破砕物を収容した細長い破砕容器を環状保持体
の軸芯と平行な姿勢で保持させるとともに、破砕媒体は
破砕容器の内径より大きい長さの単一部材にて構成した
ことを特徴とする破砕装置。6. A crushing device for accommodating a crushing medium and an object to be crushed in a crushing container and oscillating the crushing container at a high speed to crush the object to be crushed, wherein the rotating shaft has an axis with respect to its axis. A sloping shaft portion with a slanted core is provided, and an annular holder is externally fitted to the sloping shaft portion so as to be relatively rotatable, and means for elastically restraining the rotation of the annular holder is provided. Along with holding the elongated crushing container containing the medium and the object to be crushed in a posture parallel to the axis of the annular holder, the crushing medium is constituted by a single member having a length larger than the inner diameter of the crushing container. Crushing equipment.
半球状ないし円錐状に突出した形状とし、破砕媒体の対
向する端部外面をほぼ同様の形状としたことを特徴とす
る請求項６記載の破砕装置。7. The crushing container according to claim 6, wherein the inner surface of at least one end of the crushing container has a substantially hemispherical or conically protruding shape, and the outer surfaces of the crushing medium opposed to each other have substantially the same shape. Crushing equipment.
２〜１ｍｍ以下であることを特徴とする請求項６記載の
破砕装置。8. The crushing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the difference between the inner diameter of the crushing vessel and the outer diameter of the crushing medium is 2 to 1 mm or less.
は複数の溝を形成したことを特徴とする請求項６〜８何
れかに記載の破砕装置。9. The crushing device according to claim 6, wherein one or more grooves are formed on at least one end surface of the crushing medium.
却する冷却手段を備えた冷却容器ケースが取り付けられ
てなる請求項６〜９何れかに記載の破砕容器。10. The crushing container according to claim 6, wherein a cooling container case provided with cooling means for cooling the accommodated crushing container is attached to the annular holder.
をそれぞれ収容する複数の容器ケースが設けられてなる
請求項６〜１０何れかに記載の破砕容器。11. The crushing container according to claim 6, wherein the annular holder is provided with a plurality of container cases that respectively accommodate crushing containers having different capacities.
する破砕容器より容量の小さい破砕容器を保持するスペ
ーサが配設された請求項６〜１１何れかに記載の破砕装
置。12. The crushing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein a spacer for holding a crushing container having a smaller capacity than the crushing container corresponding to the container case is provided in the container case.
に対応する凹部を形成した臼とによって形成されてなる
請求項６〜１２何れかに記載の破砕装置。13. The crushing device according to claim 6, wherein the crushing medium is formed by a punch and a die having a concave portion corresponding to the tip shape of the punch.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000104343A JP2001178444A (en) | 1999-10-13 | 2000-04-06 | Method for crushing and apparatus therefor |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP29115199 | 1999-10-13 | ||
| JP11-291151 | 1999-10-13 | ||
| JP2000104343A JP2001178444A (en) | 1999-10-13 | 2000-04-06 | Method for crushing and apparatus therefor |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003032774A Division JP3834554B2 (en) | 1999-10-13 | 2003-02-10 | Sample crusher |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2001178444A true JP2001178444A (en) | 2001-07-03 |
Family
ID=26558417
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000104343A Pending JP2001178444A (en) | 1999-10-13 | 2000-04-06 | Method for crushing and apparatus therefor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2001178444A (en) |
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| JP2010523956A (en) * | 2007-04-04 | 2010-07-15 | キアゲン ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | Grinders and corresponding methods for the preparation of biological samples for processing |
| JP2009226278A (en) * | 2008-03-21 | 2009-10-08 | Yasui Kikai Kk | Crusher |
| FR3025729A1 (en) * | 2014-09-17 | 2016-03-18 | Bertin Technologies Sa | ASSEMBLY FOR MILLING ORGANIC SAMPLES |
| WO2016042252A1 (en) * | 2014-09-17 | 2016-03-24 | Bertin Technologies | Unit for grinding biological samples |
| KR20170056658A (en) * | 2014-09-17 | 2017-05-23 | 베르뗑 떼끄놀로지 | Unit for grinding biological samples |
| CN107003216A (en) * | 2014-09-17 | 2017-08-01 | 贝尔坦技术有限公司 | Device for grinding biological sample |
| JP2017535410A (en) * | 2014-09-17 | 2017-11-30 | ベルタン・テクノロジーズＢｅｒｔｉｎ Ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｉｅｓ | Unit for crushing biological samples |
| US10677692B2 (en) | 2014-09-17 | 2020-06-09 | Bertin Technologies | Unit for grinding biological samples |
| CN107003216B (en) * | 2014-09-17 | 2020-08-11 | 贝尔坦技术有限公司 | Device for grinding biological samples |
| KR102452263B1 (en) * | 2014-09-17 | 2022-10-07 | 베르뗑 떼끄놀로지 | Unit for grinding biological samples |
| CN108387334A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-08-10 | 西安科技大学 | A kind of inclined shaft freezing construction borehole wall mechanical characteristic monitoring device |
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