JP2001164275A - Method for estimating production amount of hydrate producing facility and apparatus therefor - Google Patents
Method for estimating production amount of hydrate producing facility and apparatus thereforInfo
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- JP2001164275A JP2001164275A JP35166199A JP35166199A JP2001164275A JP 2001164275 A JP2001164275 A JP 2001164275A JP 35166199 A JP35166199 A JP 35166199A JP 35166199 A JP35166199 A JP 35166199A JP 2001164275 A JP2001164275 A JP 2001164275A
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- Prior art keywords
- hydrate
- gas
- production
- amount
- production reactor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明はハイドレート生成設
備の生成量把握方法及び装置に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for determining the amount of hydrate generation equipment.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】沿岸部の液化天然ガスの受入基地から離
れた内陸部の都市には、その都市でのガスの消費量に応
じたガス貯蔵設備が設けられている。2. Description of the Related Art Inland cities located offshore from liquefied natural gas receiving terminals are provided with gas storage facilities according to the gas consumption in the cities.
【０００３】図２は従来のガス貯蔵設備の一例を示すも
のであり、この種のガス貯蔵設備においては、ガスを貯
蔵するガスタンク１と、開閉弁６を有する管路７とが備
えられ、該管路７が受入基地から内陸部の都市へのガス
送給用の導管８とガスタンク１との間を接続するように
なっている。FIG. 2 shows an example of a conventional gas storage facility. In this type of gas storage facility, a gas tank 1 for storing gas and a pipeline 7 having an on-off valve 6 are provided. A pipe 7 connects between the gas tank 1 and the conduit 8 for gas supply from the receiving base to the city in the inland area.
【０００４】尚、前記導管８には、ガス流通方向上流端
から下流端へ向かって順に開閉弁２、圧縮機３及び逆止
弁４を有する管路５が接続されている。The conduit 8 is connected to a pipeline 5 having an on-off valve 2, a compressor 3, and a check valve 4 in order from the upstream end to the downstream end in the gas flow direction.
【０００５】そして、深夜及び早朝などのガス使用量が
減少する閑散時間帯に、受入基地の圧縮機３より導管８
に送給されるガスをガスタンク１に貯蔵し、また、日中
及び夕方などのガス使用量が増加する繁忙時間帯に、ガ
スタンク１に貯蔵したガスを導管８へ送給し、需要者へ
のガス送給量を確保するようにしている。In the off-peak hours, such as late night and early morning, when the gas usage decreases, the compressor 8 of the receiving base supplies the conduit 8
The gas stored in the gas tank 1 is stored in the gas tank 1, and the gas stored in the gas tank 1 is transmitted to the conduit 8 during busy hours when the amount of gas used increases, such as during the day and in the evening, so that the gas is supplied to the consumers. We are trying to secure gas supply.
【０００６】ただし、このような従来のガス貯蔵設備で
は、ガスタンク１の貯蔵密度が大きくないので、繁忙時
間帯における需要者へのガス供給量を確保するために、
ガスタンク１を多数設けなければならないという不具合
がある。However, in such a conventional gas storage facility, since the storage density of the gas tank 1 is not high, it is necessary to secure a gas supply amount to a customer during a busy time.
There is a problem that a large number of gas tanks 1 must be provided.
【０００７】そこで、近年、図３に示すようなハイドレ
ート生成設備が新たなガス貯蔵設備として提案されてお
り、この種のハイドレート生成設備では、耐圧構造の生
成反応器９と、ガス流通方向上流側から下流側へ向かっ
て順に取入弁１０、圧縮機１１、中間熱交換器１２及び
逆止弁１３を有する管路１４と、中間弁１５を有する管
路１６と、生成反応器９の内底部近傍に配置した散気管
１７と、生成反応器９の内側部に配置した冷却管１８及
び加熱管１９と、冷却管１８に対して冷媒を連続的に供
給し得る冷媒源２０と、加熱管１９に対して熱媒を連続
的に供給し得る熱媒源２１と、送出弁２２を有する管路
２３とを備えている。Therefore, in recent years, a hydrate generation facility as shown in FIG. 3 has been proposed as a new gas storage facility. In this type of hydrate generation facility, a generation reactor 9 having a pressure-resistant structure and a gas flow direction are provided. From the upstream side to the downstream side, in order from the intake valve 10, the compressor 11, the intermediate heat exchanger 12 and the pipeline 14 having the check valve 13, the pipeline 16 having the intermediate valve 15, and the production reactor 9. A diffuser pipe 17 disposed near the inner bottom, a cooling pipe 18 and a heating pipe 19 disposed inside the production reactor 9, a refrigerant source 20 capable of continuously supplying a refrigerant to the cooling pipe 18, A heat medium source 21 capable of continuously supplying a heat medium to the pipe 19 and a pipe 23 having a delivery valve 22 are provided.
【０００８】生成反応器９には、貯蔵すべき天然ガスＧ
と反応してハイドレートＨ（固体の水和物）を生成し得
る物性の媒質Ｗ（水）が貯留されている。In the production reactor 9, natural gas G to be stored is stored.
And a medium W (water) having physical properties capable of producing hydrate H (solid hydrate) by reacting with water.
【０００９】管路１４のガス流通方向上流端は、受入基
地から内陸部の都市へのガス送給用の導管８に接続さ
れ、管路１４のガス流通方向下流端は、前記の散気管１
７に接続されている。The upstream end of the pipe 14 in the gas flow direction is connected to the conduit 8 for gas supply from the receiving terminal to the city in the inland area. The downstream end of the pipe 14 in the gas flow direction is connected to the air diffusion pipe 1.
7 is connected.
【００１０】管路１６のガス流通方向上流端は、生成反
応器９内上部の非媒質貯留空間Ｓに連通するように生成
反応器９の頂部に接続され、管路１６のガス流通方向下
流端は、管路１４の圧縮機１１ガス吸入口寄り部分に接
続されている。The upstream end of the pipe 16 in the gas flow direction is connected to the top of the production reactor 9 so as to communicate with the non-medium storage space S in the upper part of the production reactor 9, and the downstream end of the pipe 16 in the gas flow direction. Is connected to a portion of the pipe 14 near the gas inlet of the compressor 11.
【００１１】更に、管路２３のガス流通方向上流端は、
管路１４の中間熱交換器１２ガス吐出口寄り部分に接続
され、管路２３のガス流通方向下流端は、導管８に接続
されている。Further, the upstream end of the pipe 23 in the gas flow direction is
The pipe 14 is connected to the portion of the intermediate heat exchanger 12 near the gas discharge port, and the downstream end of the pipe 23 in the gas flow direction is connected to the conduit 8.
【００１２】そして、深夜及び早朝などのガスの使用量
が減少する閑散時間帯に、取入弁１０及び中間弁１５を
開き且つ送出弁２２を閉じて、圧縮機１１及び冷媒源２
０を運転し、導管８を流通する天然ガスＧの一部を散気
管１７から媒質Ｗ中に通気させて、生成反応器９内を昇
圧すると共に、冷却管１８へ冷媒を連続的に供給して、
生成反応器９内を冷却するようにしている。In the off-peak hours, such as late at night and early in the morning, when the gas usage decreases, the intake valve 10 and the intermediate valve 15 are opened and the delivery valve 22 is closed, and the compressor 11 and the refrigerant source 2 are closed.
0, a part of the natural gas G flowing through the conduit 8 is passed through the diffuser 17 into the medium W to increase the pressure in the production reactor 9 and continuously supply the refrigerant to the cooling pipe 18. hand,
The inside of the production reactor 9 is cooled.
【００１３】生成反応器９の内圧が３０ｋｇ／ｃｍ2程
度に上昇し且つ内部温度が２〜３℃程度に低下すると、
メタンハイドレート（ＣＨ4・５．７５Ｈ2Ｏ）を主成分
として、エタンハイドレート（Ｃ2Ｈ6・７．６７Ｈ
2Ｏ）及びブタンハイドレート（Ｃ3Ｈ8・１７Ｈ2Ｏ）な
どのハイドレートＨが、天然ガスＧと媒質Ｗとから生成
され、天然ガスＧがハイドレートＨとして生成反応器９
の内部に徐々に貯蔵される。When the internal pressure of the production reactor 9 increases to about 30 kg / cm 2 and the internal temperature decreases to about 2 to 3 ° C.,
Methane hydrate the (CH 4 · 5.75H 2 O) as a main component, ethane hydrate (C 2 H 6 · 7.67H
Hydrates H such as 2 O) and butane hydrate (C 3 H 8 .17H 2 O) are produced from the natural gas G and the medium W, and the natural gas G is produced as the hydrate H in the production reactor 9.
It is gradually stored inside.
【００１４】組成がメタン（ＣＨ4）９２ｍｏｌ％、エ
タン（Ｃ2Ｈ6）５ｍｏｌ％、ブタン（Ｃ3Ｈ8）の天然ガ
スＧ（都市ガス）と媒質Ｗ（水）とから生成されるハイ
ドレートＨの密度は、氷と同程度になる。Hydride formed from natural gas G (city gas) of methane (CH 4 ) 92 mol%, ethane (C 2 H 6 ) 5 mol%, butane (C 3 H 8 ) and medium W (water) The density of the rate H is comparable to that of ice.
【００１５】図４は、上記組成の天然ガスＧと媒質Ｗと
から生成されるハイドレートＨの温度圧力平衡線図の一
例である。FIG. 4 is an example of a temperature-pressure equilibrium diagram of the hydrate H generated from the natural gas G having the above composition and the medium W.
【００１６】媒質Ｗと反応せずに媒質Ｗ中から生成反応
器９の非媒質貯留空間Ｓに達した天然ガスＧは、管路１
６を経て圧縮機１１のガス吸引口へ送出され、散気管１
７から再度媒質Ｗ中へ通気される。The natural gas G that has reached the non-medium storage space S of the production reactor 9 from the medium W without reacting with the medium W is supplied to the pipeline 1
6 to the gas suction port of the compressor 11,
7 again ventilates into the medium W.
【００１７】また、日中及び夕方などのガス使用量が増
加する繁忙時間帯に、取入弁１０を閉じ且つ中間弁１５
及び送出弁２２を開いて、圧縮機１１及び熱媒源２１を
運転し、加熱管１９へ熱媒を連続的に供給して、生成反
応器９内を昇温させる。In addition, during busy hours when gas consumption increases, such as during the daytime and in the evening, the intake valve 10 is closed and the intermediate valve 15 is closed.
Then, the delivery valve 22 is opened, the compressor 11 and the heat medium source 21 are operated, and the heat medium is continuously supplied to the heating pipe 19 to raise the temperature inside the production reactor 9.
【００１８】生成反応器９の内部温度が２〜３℃以上に
上昇すると、平衡状態が保持されなくなって、ハイドレ
ートＨが天然ガスＧと媒質Ｗとに分離する。When the internal temperature of the production reactor 9 rises to 2 to 3 ° C. or more, the equilibrium state is not maintained, and the hydrate H is separated into the natural gas G and the medium W.
【００１９】媒質Ｗ中から生成反応器９の非媒質貯留空
間Ｓに達した天然ガスＧは、管路１６を経て圧縮機１１
のガス吸引口へ送出され、更に圧縮機１１により管路１
４，２３を経て導管８へ送給され、繁忙時間帯における
需要者へのガス送給量が確保される。The natural gas G that has reached the non-medium storage space S of the production reactor 9 from the medium W passes through the pipe 16 and is compressed by the compressor 11.
Is sent to the gas suction port of
The gas is supplied to the conduit 8 via the pipes 4 and 23, and the gas supply amount to the consumer during the busy hours is secured.
【００２０】従って、このようなハイドレート生成設備
によれば、生成反応器９内で天然ガスＧを媒質Ｗに通気
させて圧縮ガスよりも高密度のハイドレートＨを生成す
るので、ガスの貯蔵効率の向上を図ることができ、ま
た、生成反応器９内を昇温させることにより、天然ガス
Ｇを生成反応器９外へ容易に送出することができる。Therefore, according to such a hydrate production facility, the natural gas G is passed through the medium W in the production reactor 9 to produce the hydrate H having a higher density than the compressed gas. Efficiency can be improved, and the natural gas G can be easily sent out of the production reactor 9 by raising the temperature inside the production reactor 9.
【００２１】[0021]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、前述し
た如きハイドレート生成設備を採用する場合、生成反応
器９内におけるハイドレートＨの生成反応の進行状況、
即ちハイドレートＨの生成量を把握しながら運転を行う
必要があるが、生成反応器９内のハイドレートＨの生成
量を外部から把握する有効な手段は未だ提案されていな
いのが実情であり、例えば放射線透過装置等といった大
掛かりな特殊装置を用いても、いたずらに設備コストの
高騰を招いてしまうという不具合がある。However, when the hydrate generation equipment as described above is employed, the progress of the hydrate H production reaction in the production reactor 9
That is, it is necessary to perform the operation while grasping the amount of hydrate H produced. However, there is no effective means for grasping the amount of hydrate H produced in the production reactor 9 from the outside. For example, even if a large-scale special device such as a radiation transmission device is used, there is a problem that the equipment cost is unnecessarily increased.
【００２２】本発明は上述した実情に鑑みてなしたもの
で、大掛かりな特殊装置を用いることなく、汎用装置を
利用して簡易に且つ安価にハイドレートの生成量を把握
し得るようにした方法及び装置を提供することを目的と
している。The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and is a method for easily and inexpensively grasping the amount of hydrate generation using a general-purpose device without using a large-scale special device. And a device.
【００２３】[0023]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、生成反応器内
に貯留した媒質に貯蔵すべきガスを通気させて生成反応
器内を昇圧すると共に、生成反応器内を冷却してガスと
媒質とのハイドレートを生成するハイドレート生成設備
の生成量把握方法であって、生成反応器の鉛直方向複数
箇所における圧力を検出し、その圧力分布の変化を予備
実験から得られている生成量と圧力分布との関係データ
に照らし合わせてハイドレートの生成量を判断すること
を特徴とするものである。According to the present invention, a gas to be stored is passed through a medium stored in a production reactor to increase the pressure in the production reactor and to cool the gas in the production reactor by cooling the gas in the production reactor. A method for grasping the production amount of hydrate production equipment that produces hydrate with, detecting the pressure at a plurality of points in the vertical direction of the production reactor, and comparing the change in the pressure distribution with the production amount obtained from preliminary experiments. It is characterized in that the amount of hydrate generation is determined in light of data relating to the pressure distribution.
【００２４】而して、生成反応器内にハイドレートが生
成されていない初期状態にあっては、生成反応器内がガ
スと媒質とから成る気液の二相状態となっているので、
生成反応器の鉛直方向複数箇所で圧力を検出すると、夫
々の検出箇所における液ヘッドと生成反応器内の気相圧
力との合算圧力が検出され、生成反応器内の液面レベル
から下方への距離が深くなるに従い圧力は高く検出され
ることになる。In the initial state where hydrate is not generated in the production reactor, the interior of the production reactor is in a gas-liquid two-phase state composed of gas and medium.
When the pressure is detected at a plurality of points in the vertical direction of the production reactor, the total pressure of the liquid head and the gas phase pressure in the production reactor at each of the detection points is detected, and the total pressure from the liquid level in the production reactor is detected. The higher the distance, the higher the pressure will be detected.
【００２５】ところが、反応が進行してガスと媒質との
ハイドレートが生成されてくると、生成反応器内は気固
液の三相状態に遷移して流動抵抗が大きく変化し、ハイ
ドレート化（固体化）が進んだ部位同士の検出圧力が近
づく傾向となり、液ヘッドの影響が少なくなって圧力分
布が均等化してくる。However, when the reaction proceeds and hydrates of the gas and the medium are generated, the inside of the production reactor transits to a gas-solid three-phase state, and the flow resistance changes greatly, and the hydrate is formed. The detected pressure between the parts where (solidification) has progressed tends to be closer, the influence of the liquid head is reduced, and the pressure distribution becomes uniform.
【００２６】そして、遂には生成反応器内が気固の二相
状態となって反応が完結し、生成反応器の鉛直方向にお
ける各検出位置間で圧力に大きな差異がなくなり、略均
等な圧力分布が得られることになる。Finally, the inside of the production reactor is in a gas-solid two-phase state and the reaction is completed, and there is no large difference in pressure between the detection positions in the vertical direction of the production reactor. Is obtained.
【００２７】ここで、生成反応器内が気固液の三相状態
に遷移してハイドレートの生成が進行している途中の圧
力分布の変化は、圧力や温度等といった生成反応条件
と、生成反応器の規模や形状等といった設備ごとの独自
な条件に応じて異なる為、一概に圧力分布の変化量とハ
イドレートの生成量とを定量的に一般化することはでき
ないが、各設備ごとに本運転での生成反応条件で予備実
験を行って生成量と圧力分布との関係データを事前に求
めておけば、この関係データには当該設備についての反
復性があるので、本運転で実測した圧力分布を関係デー
タと照らし合わせることにより現在のハイドレートの生
成量を判断することが可能となる。Here, the change in the pressure distribution during the formation of hydrate due to the transition of the inside of the production reactor to the gas-solid three-phase state depends on the production reaction conditions such as pressure and temperature and the production reaction conditions. Since it varies depending on the unique conditions of each facility such as the scale and shape of the reactor, the amount of change in pressure distribution and the amount of hydrate generated cannot be generalized quantitatively, but Preliminary experiments were carried out under the production reaction conditions in this operation, and if the relational data between the amount of production and the pressure distribution was obtained in advance, this relational data had repeatability for the equipment concerned. By comparing the pressure distribution with the related data, it is possible to determine the current hydrate generation amount.
【００２８】また、本発明は、貯蔵すべきガスと反応し
てハイドレートを生成し得る媒質を貯留する生成反応器
と、生成反応器の底部へガスを送給するガス送給手段
と、生成反応器内を冷却する冷却手段とを備えたハイド
レート生成設備の生成量把握装置であって、生成反応器
の鉛直方向複数箇所に圧力検出器を夫々取り付け、該各
圧力検出器からの検出信号を入力し且つその圧力分布の
変化を予備実験から得られている生成量と圧力分布との
関係データに照らし合わせてハイドレートの生成量を算
出する演算装置を装備したことを特徴とするものでもあ
る。The present invention also provides a production reactor for storing a medium capable of producing hydrate by reacting with a gas to be stored, a gas supply means for supplying gas to the bottom of the production reactor, A production amount grasping device for hydrate production equipment comprising cooling means for cooling the inside of the reactor, wherein pressure detectors are respectively attached to a plurality of positions in the vertical direction of the production reactor, and a detection signal from each of the pressure detectors is provided. And an arithmetic unit for calculating the amount of hydrate generation by comparing the change in the pressure distribution with the relational data between the amount of generation and the pressure distribution obtained from the preliminary experiment. is there.
【００２９】而して、このような装置によれば、媒質を
貯留した生成反応器の底部へガス送給手段からガスを送
給し、該ガスを媒質中に通気させて生成反応器内を昇圧
すると共に、冷却手段により生成反応器内を冷却する
と、生成反応器内にガスと媒質とによりハイドレートが
徐々に生成されて貯蔵される。According to such an apparatus, a gas is supplied from the gas supply means to the bottom of the production reactor storing the medium, and the gas is passed through the medium to cause the inside of the production reactor to flow. When the pressure is increased and the inside of the production reactor is cooled by the cooling means, hydrate is gradually generated and stored in the production reactor by the gas and the medium.
【００３０】このとき、生成反応器の鉛直方向複数箇所
で圧力検出器により圧力が検出され、その検出信号が演
算装置に入力されて生成反応器内における鉛直方向の圧
力分布が監視されているので、その圧力分布の変化が演
算装置にて予備実験から得られている生成量と圧力分布
との関係データに照らし合わされてハイドレートの生成
量が算出される。At this time, the pressure is detected by the pressure detector at a plurality of points in the vertical direction of the production reactor, and the detection signal is input to the arithmetic unit to monitor the vertical pressure distribution in the production reactor. Then, the change in the pressure distribution is compared with the relational data between the generation amount and the pressure distribution obtained from the preliminary experiment by the arithmetic unit to calculate the hydrate generation amount.
【００３１】[0031]
【発明の実施の形態】以下本発明の実施の形態を図面を
参照しつつ説明する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
【００３２】図１は本発明を実施する形態の一例を示す
もので、図３と同一の符号を付した部分は同一物を表わ
している。FIG. 1 shows an example of an embodiment of the present invention, and portions denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 3 represent the same components.
【００３３】本形態例においては、前述した図３の設備
と略同様に構成したハイドレート生成設備に関し、生成
反応器９の鉛直方向複数箇所に汎用の圧力検出器２４を
夫々取り付け、該各圧力検出器２４からの検出信号２４
ａを入力し且つその圧力分布の変化を予備実験から得ら
れている生成量と圧力分布との関係データに照らし合わ
せてハイドレートＨの生成量を算出する演算装置２５を
運転制御室２６等に装備し、該演算装置２５にて算出さ
れたハイドレートＨの生成量を例えばモニター２７等に
出力して表示し得るようにしてある。In the present embodiment, a general-purpose pressure detector 24 is attached to each of a plurality of locations in the vertical direction of the production reactor 9 with respect to the hydrate production facility constructed substantially in the same manner as the facility shown in FIG. Detection signal 24 from detector 24
a calculation device 25 for inputting a and comparing the change of the pressure distribution with the relational data between the generation amount and the pressure distribution obtained from the preliminary experiment to calculate the generation amount of the hydrate H in the operation control room 26 and the like. It is provided so that the amount of hydrate H calculated by the arithmetic unit 25 can be output to, for example, the monitor 27 and displayed.
【００３４】尚、図示では、説明の便宜上から加熱管１
９及び熱媒源２１を省略しているが、これらは図３と同
様に備えられており、熱媒源２１を運転して加熱管１９
へ熱媒を連続的に供給することにより生成反応器９内を
昇温し得るようになっている（図３参照）。It should be noted that in the drawing, the heating tube 1 is provided for convenience of explanation.
9 and the heat medium source 21 are omitted, but they are provided in the same way as in FIG.
The inside of the production reactor 9 can be heated by continuously supplying the heat medium to the heating reactor (see FIG. 3).
【００３５】ただし、ハイドレートＨを天然ガスＧと媒
質Ｗとに分離して天然ガスＧの払い出しを行うに際して
は、生成反応器９内を減圧させることによりハイドレー
トＨのガス化を図るようにしても良く、そのような減圧
手段を備える場合には、加熱手段を省略し得る。However, when the hydrate H is separated into the natural gas G and the medium W and the natural gas G is discharged, the hydrate H is gasified by reducing the pressure in the production reactor 9. When such a decompression unit is provided, the heating unit may be omitted.
【００３６】而して、このようなハイドレートＨの生成
量把握装置によれば、取入弁１０及び中間弁１５を開き
且つ送出弁２２を閉じて、圧縮機１１（ガス送給手段）
及び冷媒源２０（冷却手段）を運転し、媒質Ｗを貯留し
た生成反応器９内底部の散気管１７へ圧縮機１１から天
然ガスＧを送給し、該天然ガスＧを媒質Ｗ中に通気させ
て生成反応器９内を昇圧すると共に、冷媒源２０による
冷却管１８への冷媒の連続的な供給で生成反応器９内を
冷却すると、該生成反応器９内に天然ガスＧと媒質Ｗと
によりハイドレートＨが徐々に生成されて貯蔵される。According to the apparatus for grasping the amount of hydrate H generated, the intake valve 10 and the intermediate valve 15 are opened and the delivery valve 22 is closed, and the compressor 11 (gas supply means) is opened.
And the refrigerant source 20 (cooling means) is operated to feed the natural gas G from the compressor 11 to the air diffuser 17 at the bottom of the production reactor 9 storing the medium W, and the natural gas G is passed through the medium W. When the inside of the production reactor 9 is pressurized and the inside of the production reactor 9 is cooled by continuous supply of the refrigerant to the cooling pipe 18 by the refrigerant source 20, the natural gas G and the medium W Thus, hydrate H is gradually generated and stored.
【００３７】このとき、生成反応器９の鉛直方向複数箇
所で圧力検出器２４により圧力が検出され、その検出信
号２４ａが演算装置２５に入力されて生成反応器９内に
おける鉛直方向の圧力分布が監視されているので、その
圧力分布の変化が運転制御室２６の演算装置２５にて予
備実験から得られている生成量と圧力分布との関係デー
タに照らし合わされてハイドレートＨの生成量が算出さ
れ、モニター２７に表示される。At this time, pressure is detected by the pressure detector 24 at a plurality of points in the vertical direction of the production reactor 9, and a detection signal 24 a thereof is inputted to the arithmetic unit 25, and the pressure distribution in the vertical direction in the production reactor 9 is obtained. Since the pressure distribution is monitored, the change in the pressure distribution is compared with the relational data between the generation amount and the pressure distribution obtained from the preliminary experiment by the arithmetic unit 25 in the operation control room 26 to calculate the generation amount of the hydrate H. Is displayed on the monitor 27.
【００３８】即ち、生成反応器９内にハイドレートＨが
生成されていない初期状態にあっては、生成反応器９内
が天然ガスＧと媒質Ｗとから成る気液の二相状態となっ
ているので、生成反応器９の鉛直方向複数箇所で圧力検
出器２４により圧力を検出すると、夫々の検出箇所にお
ける液ヘッドと生成反応器９内の気相圧力との合算圧力
が検出され、生成反応器９内の液面レベルから下方への
距離が深くなるに従い圧力は高く検出されることにな
る。That is, in the initial state where hydrate H is not generated in the production reactor 9, the interior of the production reactor 9 becomes a gas-liquid two-phase state composed of the natural gas G and the medium W. Therefore, when pressure is detected by the pressure detector 24 at a plurality of points in the vertical direction of the production reactor 9, the total pressure of the liquid head and the gas phase pressure in the production reactor 9 at each detection point is detected, and the production reaction is performed. As the distance from the liquid level in the vessel 9 to the lower side becomes deeper, the pressure is detected higher.
【００３９】ところが、反応が進行して天然ガスＧと媒
質ＷとのハイドレートＨが生成されてくると、生成反応
器９内は気固液の三相状態に遷移して流動抵抗が大きく
変化し、ハイドレート化（固体化）が進んだ部位同士の
検出圧力が近づく傾向となり、液ヘッドの影響が少なく
なって圧力分布が均等化してくる。However, when the reaction proceeds and the hydrate H of the natural gas G and the medium W is produced, the inside of the production reactor 9 changes to a gas-solid liquid three-phase state, and the flow resistance changes greatly. However, the detected pressures of the hydrated (solidified) parts tend to be close to each other, and the influence of the liquid head is reduced, and the pressure distribution becomes uniform.
【００４０】そして、遂には生成反応器９内が気固の二
相状態となって反応が完結し、生成反応器９の鉛直方向
における各検出位置間で圧力に大きな差異がなくなり、
略均等な圧力分布が得られることになる。Finally, the inside of the production reactor 9 becomes a gas-solid two-phase state and the reaction is completed, and there is no large difference in pressure between the detection positions in the vertical direction of the production reactor 9.
A substantially uniform pressure distribution is obtained.
【００４１】ここで、生成反応器９内が気固液の三相状
態に遷移してハイドレートＨの生成が進行している途中
の圧力分布の変化は、圧力や温度等といった生成反応条
件と、生成反応器９の規模や形状等といった設備ごとの
独自な条件に応じて異なる為、一概に圧力分布の変化量
とハイドレートＨの生成量とを定量的に一般化すること
はできないが、各設備ごとに本運転での生成反応条件で
予備実験を行って生成量と圧力分布との関係データを事
前に求めておけば、この関係データには当該設備につい
ての反復性があるので、本運転で実測した圧力分布を関
係データと照らし合わせることにより現在のハイドレー
トＨの生成量を判断することが可能となる。Here, the change in the pressure distribution during the generation of hydrate H due to the transition of the inside of the production reactor 9 to the gas-solid three-phase state depends on the production reaction conditions such as pressure and temperature. However, since it varies according to unique conditions for each equipment such as the scale and shape of the production reactor 9, the amount of change in pressure distribution and the amount of hydrate H cannot be generalized quantitatively, If a preliminary experiment is performed for each facility under the production reaction conditions in the main operation to determine in advance the relationship data between the production amount and the pressure distribution, this relationship data has repeatability for the facility. By comparing the pressure distribution actually measured in the operation with the related data, the current generation amount of the hydrate H can be determined.
【００４２】従って、上記形態例によれば、例えば放射
線透過装置等といった大掛かりな特殊装置を用いなくて
も、汎用の圧力検出器２４を利用して生成反応器９内に
おける鉛直方向の圧力分布を監視するだけで簡易に且つ
安価にハイドレートＨの生成量を把握することができる
ので、新たな天然ガス貯蔵設備等として提案されている
ハイドレート生成設備にかかる設備コストの高騰を回避
することができる。Therefore, according to the above embodiment, the pressure distribution in the vertical direction in the production reactor 9 can be obtained by using the general-purpose pressure detector 24 without using a large-scale special device such as a radiation transmission device. The amount of hydrate H generated can be easily and inexpensively grasped simply by monitoring, so that it is possible to avoid an increase in equipment cost of a hydrate generation facility proposed as a new natural gas storage facility or the like. it can.
【００４３】尚、本発明のハイドレート生成設備の生成
量把握方法及び装置は上述した実施の形態のみに限定さ
れるものではなく、ガス送給手段及び冷却手段には、例
示した以外の様々な方式を採用することが可能であるこ
と、その他、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲において変
更を加え得ることは勿論である。The method and apparatus for determining the amount of hydrate generation equipment of the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiment. It is needless to say that the system can be adopted and other changes can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.
【００４４】[0044]
【発明の効果】以上述べたように本発明のハイドレート
生成設備の生成量把握方法及び装置によれば、大掛かり
な特殊装置を用いることなく、汎用の圧力検出器を利用
して生成反応器内における鉛直方向の圧力分布を監視す
るだけで簡易に且つ安価にハイドレートの生成量を把握
することができるので、ハイドレート生成設備にかかる
設備コストの高騰を回避することができるという優れた
効果を奏し得る。As described above, according to the method and apparatus for ascertaining the amount of hydrate generation equipment of the present invention, a general-purpose pressure detector can be used without using a large-scale special device. Since the amount of hydrate generation can be easily and inexpensively grasped only by monitoring the vertical pressure distribution in the above, an excellent effect that it is possible to avoid an increase in the equipment cost of the hydrate generation equipment. I can play.
【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]
【図１】本発明を実施する形態の一例を示す概念図であ
る。FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of an embodiment for implementing the present invention.
【図２】従来のガス貯蔵設備の一例を示す概念図であ
る。FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a conventional gas storage facility.
【図３】新たな天然ガス貯蔵設備として提案されている
ハイドレート生成設備の一例を示す概念図である。FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a hydrate generation facility proposed as a new natural gas storage facility.
【図４】天然ガスと水とから生成されるハイドレートの
温度圧力平衡線図の一例である。FIG. 4 is an example of a temperature-pressure equilibrium diagram of a hydrate generated from natural gas and water.
【符号の説明】 ９ 生成反応器 １１ 圧縮機（ガス送給手段） ２０ 冷媒源（冷却手段） ２４ 圧力検出器 ２４ａ 検出信号 ２５ 演算装置 Ｇ 天然ガス（ガス） Ｈ ハイドレート Ｗ 媒質[Description of Signs] 9 Production reactor 11 Compressor (gas supply means) 20 Refrigerant source (cooling means) 24 Pressure detector 24a Detection signal 25 Arithmetic unit G Natural gas (gas) H Hydrate W Medium
Claims (2)
きガスを通気させて生成反応器内を昇圧すると共に、生
成反応器内を冷却してガスと媒質とのハイドレートを生
成するハイドレート生成設備の生成量把握方法であっ
て、生成反応器の鉛直方向複数箇所における圧力を検出
し、その圧力分布の変化を予備実験から得られている生
成量と圧力分布との関係データに照らし合わせてハイド
レートの生成量を判断することを特徴とするハイドレー
ト生成設備の生成量把握方法。1. A hydrate for producing a hydrate of a gas and a medium by cooling the inside of the production reactor by pressurizing the inside of the production reactor by passing a gas to be stored in a medium stored in the production reactor. This is a method for grasping the production amount of the rate production equipment, which detects the pressure at multiple points in the vertical direction of the production reactor and compares the change in the pressure distribution with the data on the relationship between the production amount and the pressure distribution obtained from preliminary experiments. A method for ascertaining the amount of hydrate generation equipment, comprising determining the amount of hydrate generation together.
を生成し得る媒質を貯留する生成反応器と、生成反応器
の底部へガスを送給するガス送給手段と、生成反応器内
を冷却する冷却手段とを備えたハイドレート生成設備の
生成量把握装置であって、生成反応器の鉛直方向複数箇
所に圧力検出器を夫々取り付け、該各圧力検出器からの
検出信号を入力し且つその圧力分布の変化を予備実験か
ら得られている生成量と圧力分布との関係データに照ら
し合わせてハイドレートの生成量を算出する演算装置を
装備したことを特徴とするハイドレート生成設備の生成
量把握装置。2. A production reactor for storing a medium capable of producing a hydrate by reacting with a gas to be stored, gas supply means for supplying gas to the bottom of the production reactor, A production amount grasping device of a hydrate production facility provided with cooling means for cooling, wherein pressure detectors are respectively attached to a plurality of positions in the vertical direction of the production reactor, and a detection signal from each of the pressure detectors is input; A hydrate generation facility characterized by having a calculation device for calculating the hydrate generation amount by comparing the change in the pressure distribution with the relation data between the generation amount and the pressure distribution obtained from preliminary experiments. Quantity grasping device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP35166199A JP4016554B2 (en) | 1999-12-10 | 1999-12-10 | Method and apparatus for grasping generation amount of hydrate generation facility |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP35166199A JP4016554B2 (en) | 1999-12-10 | 1999-12-10 | Method and apparatus for grasping generation amount of hydrate generation facility |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2001164275A true JP2001164275A (en) | 2001-06-19 |
| JP4016554B2 JP4016554B2 (en) | 2007-12-05 |
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ID=18418774
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP35166199A Expired - Fee Related JP4016554B2 (en) | 1999-12-10 | 1999-12-10 | Method and apparatus for grasping generation amount of hydrate generation facility |
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| Country | Link |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003064385A (en) * | 2001-08-24 | 2003-03-05 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | System and method for producing gas hydrate |
| JP2003082371A (en) * | 2001-09-07 | 2003-03-19 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Gas hydrate-forming container, apparatus and method for producing gas hydrate |
-
1999
- 1999-12-10 JP JP35166199A patent/JP4016554B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003064385A (en) * | 2001-08-24 | 2003-03-05 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | System and method for producing gas hydrate |
| JP2003082371A (en) * | 2001-09-07 | 2003-03-19 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Gas hydrate-forming container, apparatus and method for producing gas hydrate |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP4016554B2 (en) | 2007-12-05 |
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