JP2000246283A - Method and apparatus for purifying water using useful plant - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for purifying water using useful plant

Info

Publication number
JP2000246283A
JP2000246283A JP5181899A JP5181899A JP2000246283A JP 2000246283 A JP2000246283 A JP 2000246283A JP 5181899 A JP5181899 A JP 5181899A JP 5181899 A JP5181899 A JP 5181899A JP 2000246283 A JP2000246283 A JP 2000246283A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
water
natural mineral
area
filter medium
plant
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP5181899A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP3787610B2 (en
Inventor
Yasuo Ozaki
保夫 尾崎
Kaoru Abe
薫 阿部
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NAT AGRICULTURE RES CT
National Agriculture Research Center
Original Assignee
NAT AGRICULTURE RES CT
National Agriculture Research Center
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by NAT AGRICULTURE RES CT, National Agriculture Research Center filed Critical NAT AGRICULTURE RES CT
Priority to JP5181899A priority Critical patent/JP3787610B2/en
Publication of JP2000246283A publication Critical patent/JP2000246283A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3787610B2 publication Critical patent/JP3787610B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently cultivate the same useful plant high in added value in large quantities in the whole region of the same water channel simple in constitution and constituted so as not only to be capable of being easily adapted even to an existing water channel but also to be capable of preventing the generation of algae while maintaining the surface of the water to a light cutting off state without requiring a water sprinkling pipe and laminating culture media comprising different materials to collectively recover the same. SOLUTION: The whole region of a water channel 1 is directly packed with an natural mineral filter material 24 so as to form a filter material bed higher than the surface WL of the water and the packing height of the filter material is changed corresponding to the moisture resistance of a useful plant 27 to be cultivated to cultivate various useful plants having high water purifying function and different growing periods or the same useful plant 27 high in resource value in the whole region in the water channel 1 and water is efficiently and stably purified by the useful pant 27 and the natural mineral filter material 24.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【０００１】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、有用植物と天然
鉱物濾材とを組合せて用いたバイオジオフィルタ水路
（以下、ＢＧＦ水路という）によって水質を浄化する資
源循環型の水質浄化方法及びその装置に関するものであ
る。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a resource circulation type water purification method for purifying water using a biogeofilter channel (hereinafter referred to as a BGF channel) using a combination of useful plants and natural mineral filter media, and an apparatus therefor. Things.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】従来から、植物を利用した様々な水質浄
化方法および水質浄化装置が提供されており、その殆ど
は、植物として、主にホテイアオイやヨシ等の水生植物
を利用しているが、この種の水生植物の場合、収穫バイ
オマスの有効利用が難しく、あまり普及しなかった。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, various water purification methods and water purification devices using plants have been provided, and most of them mainly use aquatic plants such as water hyacinth and reed as plants. In the case of this type of aquatic plant, it is difficult to use harvested biomass effectively, and it has not been widely used.

【０００３】一方、陸生植物を利用可能な水質浄化技術
として、例えば、特開平６−２１８３８８号公報に開示
された排水浄化式水路がある。この排水浄化式水路は、
一般排水路に第２水路を隣設し、この第２水路が、生活
雑排水受入升、植生浄化水路および一般水路への浄化水
排出桝を一単位として連設した構成とし、且つ、前記植
生浄化水路が培地を装填した槽からなり、この槽内培地
の上面に生活雑排水升からの排水を散水するパイプを施
設すると共に、そのパイプの上方に植物植栽用の植栽床
を形成したものである。On the other hand, as a water purification technology that can use terrestrial plants, for example, there is a drainage purification type water channel disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-218388. This drainage canal is
A second drainage channel is provided adjacent to the general drainage channel, and the second waterway has a configuration in which a living drainage receiving pit, a vegetation purification drainage channel, and a purified water discharge basin to the general waterway are connected as one unit; The purification waterway consisted of a tank loaded with a culture medium, and a pipe was installed on the upper surface of the culture medium to sprinkle the drainage from the household drainage pit, and a planting floor for planting plants was formed above the pipe. Things.

【０００４】ここで、前記槽内培地は、上下２層の積層
培地からなり、その上層培地はゼオライト６０％、ピー
トモス１０％、浮石３０％の混合粒状素材からなり、下
層培地としては高分子素材からなるスパイラルネット、
発泡体が用いられている。そして、閉塞系多孔質に富む
浮石等の培地材料を用いることにより、通気性と通水性
が確保され好気性、嫌気性微生物のすみ分け増殖ができ
るというものである。[0004] The medium in the tank is composed of a two-layered upper and lower layered medium, and the upper layer medium is a mixed granular material of 60% zeolite, 10% peat moss and 30% pumice, and the lower layer medium is a polymer material. Spiral net consisting of
Foams are used. Then, by using a medium material such as a floating stone which is rich in an occlusion type porous material, air permeability and water permeability are ensured, and aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms can be divided and proliferated.

【０００５】[0005]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】従来の排水浄化式水路
は以上のように構成されているので、一般水路に第２水
路を隣設しなければならず水路構成が複雑化すると共に
散水パイプを必要とし、しかも、散水パイプの上方に植
栽床を形成していることにより、その植栽床に植栽した
植物の毛状根が散水パイプの散水孔に侵入して該散水孔
を閉塞する可能性が大きく、また、槽内培地の積層作業
が煩雑になるなどの課題があった。Since the conventional drainage-purifying waterway is constructed as described above, the second waterway must be provided adjacent to the general waterway, which complicates the waterway structure and makes the sprinkling pipe difficult. Necessary, and because the planting floor is formed above the watering pipe, the hairy roots of the plants planted on the planting floor enter the watering hole of the watering pipe and close the watering hole. There is a problem that the possibility is large and the work of laminating the culture medium in the tank becomes complicated.

【０００６】この発明は上記のような課題を解決するた
めになされたもので、散水パイプを必要とせず、また、
異なった素材の培地を積層することもなく、水路構成が
簡単で既設水路にも容易に適応できると共に、水面を光
遮断状態に維持して藻類の発生を防止できる構成とした
同一水路全域で付加価値の高い同一の有用植物を多量に
効率よく栽培でき、それを纒めて回収可能な、有用植物
を用いた水質浄化方法を得ることを目的とする。The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and does not require a watering pipe.
No lamination of culture media of different materials, the structure of the waterway is simple and can be easily adapted to existing waterways, and it is added to the entire waterway where the water surface is kept in a light-blocking state and the occurrence of algae can be prevented. It is an object of the present invention to obtain a water purification method using a useful plant, which can efficiently cultivate a large amount of the same valuable useful plant in a large amount and can collect and collect it.

【０００７】また、この発明は、生育時期の異なった有
用植物を植栽し、その有用植物の毛状根を水路の流水部
位全域で繁茂可能な水路構成とすることにより、成熟し
た有用植物を収穫しても未だ成熟していない他の有用植
物の毛状根と天然鉱物濾材とによって、流水中の窒素・
リンを効率よく除去でき、年間を通して安定した水質浄
化を行うことができる信頼性の高い、有用植物を用いた
水質浄化方法及びその装置を得ることを目的とする。[0007] Further, the present invention provides a mature useful plant by planting useful plants having different growth periods, and forming hairy roots of the useful plants into a waterway structure capable of prospering in the entire flowing area of the waterway. The hairy roots of other useful plants that have not yet matured even when harvested, and natural mineral filter media,
An object of the present invention is to obtain a highly reliable water purification method and a device using useful plants, which can efficiently remove phosphorus and perform stable water purification throughout the year.

【０００８】さらに、この発明は、毛状根が水中深くま
で伸びない陸生植物と、毛状根が水中深くまで伸長する
水生植物とを植栽するものでありながら、それらの毛状
根を水路の流水部位全域で流水に効率よく接触させるこ
とができ、効率的で安定した、有用植物を用いた水質浄
化方法及びその装置を得ることを目的とする。Further, the present invention is for planting terrestrial plants whose hairy roots do not extend deep into the water and aquatic plants whose hairy roots extend deeply into the water, while irrigating the hairy roots with waterways. It is an object of the present invention to obtain an efficient and stable water purification method using useful plants, and a device therefor, which can be brought into efficient contact with flowing water in the entire area of flowing water.

【０００９】さらに、この発明は、窒素濃度に比してリ
ン濃度が著しく低い汚染地下水や河川水等の流入水（被
処理水）であっても、不足分の養分や微量元素を補填す
ることにより有用植物が旺盛に生育し、窒素を高率よく
吸収除去することができる、有用植物を用いた水質浄化
装置を得ることを目的とする。Further, the present invention compensates for insufficient nutrients and trace elements even in influent water (water to be treated) such as contaminated groundwater or river water whose phosphorus concentration is significantly lower than nitrogen concentration. Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to obtain a water purification device using a useful plant, in which the useful plant grows vigorously and can absorb and remove nitrogen at a high rate.

【００１０】さらに、この発明は、水路の最上流側に流
入した被処理水中の懸濁物質が水路の下流側に流入する
のを防止できて、水路に充填された天然鉱物濾材が長期
間使用によっても目詰まりするようなことがなく、高い
水質浄化機能を発揮させることができる、有用植物を用
いた水質浄化装置を得ることを目的とする。[0010] Further, the present invention can prevent suspended matter in the water to be treated that has flowed to the uppermost stream side of the water channel from flowing to the downstream side of the water channel, so that the natural mineral filter medium filled in the water channel can be used for a long time. It is an object of the present invention to obtain a water purification device using a useful plant, which can exhibit a high water purification function without being clogged even by the above.

【００１１】さらに、この発明は、水路の最上流側で
は、浄化対象汚水の有機物濃度に応じた有用植物を選択
して容易に適用できる、有用植物を用いた水質浄化装置
を得ることを目的とする。A further object of the present invention is to provide a water purification apparatus using a useful plant, which is capable of easily selecting a useful plant according to the organic matter concentration of the sewage to be purified on the uppermost stream side of a water channel and applying the same. I do.

【００１２】[0012]

【課題を解決するための手段】この発明に係る水質浄化
方法は、水路に有用植物を植栽して水質を浄化する水質
浄化方法において、前記水路全域に天然鉱物濾材を水面
より高くなるよう直接充填し、その充填高さを植栽すべ
き有用植物の耐湿性に応じて変化させることにより、前
記水路全域に水質浄化機能の高い生育時期の異なる様々
な有用植物を栽培するものである。A water purification method according to the present invention is directed to a water purification method for purifying water by planting useful plants in a waterway, wherein a natural mineral filter medium is directly provided over the entire waterway so as to be higher than the water surface. By filling and changing the filling height in accordance with the moisture resistance of useful plants to be planted, various useful plants having high water purification functions and having different growth periods are cultivated in the entire waterway.

【００１３】この発明に係る水質浄化方法は、水路に有
用植物を植栽して水質を浄化する水質浄化方法におい
て、前記水路を上流側から下流側に向って漸次水深が深
くなる複数の区画水域に区分し、該区画水域のそれぞれ
に天然鉱物濾材を充填すると共に、該天然鉱物濾材に
は、前記各区画水域ごとに生育時期が異なり且つ各区画
水域の水深に応じた長さに毛状根が繁茂する複数の有用
植物を植栽することにより、前記天然鉱物濾材を介して
前記各区画水域の植栽有用植物群の毛状根を水路の流水
に効率よく接触させるものである。[0013] The water purification method according to the present invention is the water purification method for purifying water by planting useful plants in a waterway, wherein the waterway is gradually increased in depth from upstream to downstream. Each of the divided water areas is filled with a natural mineral filter medium, and the natural mineral filter medium has hairy roots having different growth periods for each of the divided water areas and having a length corresponding to the water depth of each of the divided water areas. By planting a plurality of useful plants that thrive, the hairy roots of the group of useful plants to be planted in each of the divided water areas are efficiently brought into contact with flowing water in a waterway through the natural mineral filter medium.

【００１４】この発明に係る水質浄化装置は、水路に有
用植物を植栽して水質を浄化する水質浄化装置におい
て、前記水路を上流側から下流側に向って漸次水深が深
くなるように区分した複数の区画水域と、該区画水域の
それぞれに充填した天然鉱物濾材とからなり、前記天然
鉱物濾材には、前記各区画水域ごとに生育時期が異なり
且つ各区画水域の水深に応じた長さに毛状根が繁茂する
複数の有用植物を植栽してなるものである。A water purification apparatus according to the present invention is a water purification apparatus for purifying water by planting useful plants in a waterway, wherein the waterway is divided such that the water depth gradually increases from an upstream side to a downstream side. It is composed of a plurality of partitioned water areas and a natural mineral filter medium filled in each of the partitioned water areas, and the natural mineral filter medium has a growth time different for each of the partitioned water areas and has a length corresponding to the water depth of each of the partitioned water areas. It is obtained by planting a plurality of useful plants with thick hairy roots.

【００１５】この発明に係る水質浄化装置の区画水域
は、植物栽培床形成用の上流側水域と中間水域と下流側
水域とからなって、上流側水域の水深が最も浅く、下流
側水域の水深が最も深く形成され、上流側水域と中間水
域の前半には陽イオン吸着能が高い天然鉱物濾材が充填
され、且つ、中間水域の後半と下流側水域にはリン酸吸
着能が高い天然鉱物濾材が充填され、前記上流側水域の
天然鉱物濾材には陸生植物が、且つ、前記下流側水域の
天然鉱物濾材には水生植物が植栽されているものであ
る。The sectioned water area of the water purification apparatus according to the present invention is composed of an upstream water area, an intermediate water area, and a downstream water area for forming a plant cultivation floor. The water depth of the upstream water area is the shallowest, and the water depth of the downstream water area is small. Is formed deepest, the upstream water area and the first half of the intermediate water area are filled with a natural mineral filter medium with a high cation adsorption capacity, and the latter half of the intermediate water area and the downstream water area are a natural mineral filter medium with a high phosphate adsorption capacity. And a terrestrial plant is planted in the natural mineral filter medium in the upstream water area, and an aquatic plant is planted in the natural mineral filter medium in the downstream water area.

【００１６】この発明に係る水質浄化装置は、天然鉱物
濾材の充填層にリンなどの不足養分や微量元素を補填す
るための養分補填手段を備えているものである。The water purification apparatus according to the present invention is provided with a nutrient replenishing means for replenishing nutrients such as phosphorus and trace elements in the packed bed of the natural mineral filter medium.

【００１７】この発明に係る水質浄化装置の上流側水域
は、水路の最上流側に区分されて流入水を受け入れる受
水域にフィルターを介して連通し、その受水域には、天
然鉱物濾材が充填されて有用植物を植栽する通気・通水
性の植生用カセットが着脱可能に設置され、その下部に
汚泥貯留槽部を有しているものである。The upstream water area of the water purification apparatus according to the present invention communicates via a filter with a water receiving area which is divided at the most upstream side of the water channel and receives inflow water, and the water receiving area is filled with a natural mineral filter medium. A ventilating and water-permeable vegetation cassette for planting useful plants is detachably installed, and has a sludge storage tank below.

【００１８】この発明に係る水質浄化装置は、各区画水
域の天然鉱物濾材を水面よりも高く充填したものであ
る。In the water purification apparatus according to the present invention, the natural mineral filter medium in each sectioned water area is filled higher than the water surface.

【００１９】[0019]

【発明の実施の形態】実施の形態１．図１はこの発明の
実施の形態１による水質浄化装置を示す断面図、図２は
図１中の天然鉱物濾材の充填高さを有用植物の耐湿性に
応じて変化させた状態の水質浄化装置を示す断面図であ
る。図において、１はＢＧＦ水路であり、このＢＧＦ水
路１は、上流側から下流側に向って４つの区画水域２，
３，４，５に区分されている。さらに詳述すると、前記
ＢＧＦ水路１は、合併処理浄化槽（図示せず）による二
次処理水や地下水等の被処理水を流入管６から導入する
最上流側の受水域２と、この受水域２から下流側に向っ
て植物栽培床形成用の上流側水域３と中間水域４と下流
側水域５とに区画されているものである。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiment 1 1 is a sectional view showing a water purification apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a water purification apparatus in a state where the filling height of a natural mineral filter medium in FIG. 1 is changed according to the moisture resistance of a useful plant. FIG. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a BGF waterway, and this BGF waterway 1 has four partitioned water bodies 2 from upstream to downstream.
It is classified into 3, 4, and 5. More specifically, the BGF waterway 1 includes a water receiving area 2 on the most upstream side for introducing water to be treated such as secondary treated water or groundwater from an inflow pipe 6 by a combined treatment septic tank (not shown), and this water receiving area. The water is divided into an upstream water area 3, an intermediate water area 4, and a downstream water area 5 for forming a plant cultivation floor from 2 toward the downstream side.

【００２０】７は受水域２と後続の上流側水域３との境
界部に配置された越流堰であり、この越流堰７は水面Ｗ
Ｌよりも高く立ち上がり、その下端とＢＧＦ水路１の底
壁との間には通水部となる間隙が設けられている。８は
越流堰７の近傍で上流側水域３の底壁から立ち上がって
前記越流堰７に離間平行する上流側パンチ板堰、９はそ
の上流側パンチ板堰８と前記越流堰７との間に着脱可能
に装着されたカートリッジ式のフィルタ９であり、この
フィルタ９は、受水域２から後続の上流側水域３に向っ
て流れる被処理水中の懸濁物質を濾過除去し、その懸濁
物質が前記上流側水域３に流入するのを防止する。Reference numeral 7 denotes an overflow weir arranged at the boundary between the water receiving area 2 and the succeeding upstream water area 3.
There is a gap between the lower end and the bottom wall of the BGF waterway 1 that serves as a water passage portion. Reference numeral 8 denotes an upstream punch plate weir rising from the bottom wall of the upstream water area 3 near the overflow weir 7 and spaced apart from and parallel to the overflow weir 7, and 9 denotes an upstream punch plate weir 8 and the overflow weir 7. The filter 9 is a cartridge type filter 9 which is removably mounted between the filter and the filter 9. The filter 9 filters and removes suspended substances in the water to be treated flowing from the water receiving area 2 to the subsequent upstream water area 3. Suspended substances are prevented from flowing into the upstream water body 3.

【００２１】１０は前記受水域２を上下に仕切って後述
する植生用カセット１５を支持するカセット支持部材で
あり、このカセット支持部材１０は取り外し可能な目の
粗いパンチ板からなってなり、その下部は、流入管６か
ら受水域２に流入した被処理水中の懸濁物質を溜める汚
泥貯留槽部３０として構成されている。即ち、受水域２
に流入した被処理水中の懸濁物質は、前記カセット支持
部材１０のパンチ孔を通って汚泥貯留槽部３０に溜るよ
うになっている。なお、前記カセット支持部材１０は、
パンチ板に限らず、植生用カセット１５を受水域２に吊
り下げる吊り下げ部材や植生用カセット１５を嵌め込み
保持させる支持部材等であってもよい。Reference numeral 10 denotes a cassette support member for partitioning the water receiving area 2 up and down to support a vegetation cassette 15 to be described later. Is configured as a sludge storage tank unit 30 for storing suspended substances in the water to be treated that has flowed into the water receiving area 2 from the inflow pipe 6. That is, receiving area 2
The suspended solids in the water to be treated flowing into the sludge storage tank 30 pass through the punch holes of the cassette supporting member 10. The cassette supporting member 10 is
Not only the punch plate but also a suspending member for suspending the vegetation cassette 15 in the water receiving area 2 or a support member for fitting and holding the vegetation cassette 15 may be used.

【００２２】３０ａは前記汚泥貯留槽部３０の底面に勾
配を持たせて前記フィルタ９と反対方向に下降傾斜させ
た傾斜底部、１１はその傾斜底部３０ａの下降端部で汚
泥貯留槽部３０に接続した沈殿物排出管、１２はその沈
殿物排出管１１に設けられたバルブであり、このバルブ
１２を開くことにより、前記汚泥貯留槽部３０の傾斜底
部３０ａ上に溜った懸濁物質を沈殿物排出管１１から系
外に排出除去できるようになっている。Reference numeral 30a denotes a slanted bottom which is formed by making the bottom surface of the sludge storage tank portion 30 have a slope and is inclined downward in the direction opposite to the filter 9. Reference numeral 11 denotes a falling end of the slanted bottom portion 30a. The connected sediment discharge pipe 12 is a valve provided on the sediment discharge pipe 11. By opening this valve 12, suspended matter collected on the inclined bottom 30 a of the sludge storage tank 30 is settled. It can be discharged and removed from the material discharge pipe 11 to the outside of the system.

【００２３】１３は上流側水域３と中間水域４との間に
設けられた中間堰、１４は中間水域４と下流側水域５と
の間に設けられた中間堰であり、これらの中間堰１３，
１４によって上流側水域３と中間水域４と下流側水域５
とが区画形成されている。なお、受水域２と上流側水域
３とは、前記越流堰７と上流側パンチ板堰８とフィルタ
９とで区画されている。Reference numeral 13 denotes an intermediate weir provided between the upstream water area 3 and the intermediate water area 4, and reference numeral 14 denotes an intermediate weir provided between the intermediate water area 4 and the downstream water area 5. ,
14, the upstream water area 3, the intermediate water area 4, and the downstream water area 5
Are sectioned. The water receiving area 2 and the upstream water area 3 are partitioned by the overflow weir 7, the upstream punch plate weir 8, and the filter 9.

【００２４】１５は前記カセット支持部材１０上に着脱
可能に設置された植生用カセットであり、この植生用カ
セット１５は通気性および通水性を有するもので、図示
のものは、網篭１５ａ内に天然鉱物濾材（図示せず）を
充填した構成となっている。Reference numeral 15 denotes a vegetation cassette detachably mounted on the cassette support member 10. The vegetation cassette 15 has air permeability and water permeability. It is configured to be filled with a natural mineral filter medium (not shown).

【００２５】図１において、２６ａは前記網篭１５ａ内
の天然鉱物濾材に植栽した有用植物であり、この有用植
物は、ケフナ・トマトなどの付加価値が高い陸生植物で
ある。図２において、２６ｂは前記網篭１５ａ内の天然
鉱物濾材に植栽した有用植物であり、この有用植物はパ
ピルスなどの水生植物である。即ち、植生用カセット１
５には、受水域２に流入する浄化対象汚水の有機物濃度
が高い場合に水生植物を栽培し、有機物を殆ど含まない
浄化対象汚水の場合に利用価値の高い陸生植物を栽培す
るものである。In FIG. 1, reference numeral 26a denotes a useful plant planted on the natural mineral filter medium in the net basket 15a, and this useful plant is a terrestrial plant having a high added value, such as kefna and tomato. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 26b denotes a useful plant planted on the natural mineral filter medium in the net basket 15a, and the useful plant is an aquatic plant such as papyrus. That is, the vegetation cassette 1
In No. 5, aquatic plants are cultivated when the concentration of organic matter in the sewage to be purified flowing into the water receiving area 2 is high, and terrestrial plants with high utility value are cultivated in the case of sewage to be purified containing substantially no organic matter.

【００２６】１６は上流側水域３の中間部に配置された
阻流板、１７は中間水域４の中間部に配置された阻流
板、１８は下流側水域５の中間部に配置された阻流板で
あり、これらの阻流板１６，１７，１８の下端と各水域
３，４，５の底壁との間には通水部となる間隙が設けら
れ、ＢＧＦ水路１の上流側から下流側に向って図中矢印
方向の水流が得られるようになっている。１９は下流側
水域５から浄化水を流出させる流出口、２０は下流側水
域５における前記流出口１９の近傍に配置された下流側
パンチ板、２１，２２，２３は前記各水域３，４，５の
それぞれの底部に接続したバルブ付の水抜き管であり、
これらによって、前記各水域３，４，５ごとに水抜きで
きるようになっている。Reference numeral 16 denotes a baffle disposed at an intermediate portion of the upstream water area 3, 17 denotes a baffle disposed at an intermediate portion of the intermediate water area 4, and 18 denotes an obstruction disposed at an intermediate portion of the downstream water area 5. Between the lower ends of these baffles 16, 17, 18 and the bottom walls of the water bodies 3, 4, 5, there is provided a gap that serves as a water flow portion. The water flow in the direction of the arrow in the figure is obtained toward the downstream side. Reference numeral 19 denotes an outlet for discharging purified water from the downstream water area 5, reference numeral 20 denotes a downstream punch plate disposed in the vicinity of the outlet 19 in the downstream water area 5, and reference numerals 21, 22, and 23 denote the respective water areas 3, 4, and 4. 5 is a drainage pipe with a valve connected to the bottom of each of 5,
With these, water can be drained for each of the water areas 3, 4, and 5.

【００２７】２４はＢＧＦ水路１の前記各水域３，４，
５に直接充填した天然鉱物濾材であり、この天然鉱物濾
材２４としては、陽イオン吸着能が高いゼオライトまた
はリン酸吸着能が高い鹿沼土あるいはゼオライトと鹿沼
土の混合物が用いられる。かかる天然鉱物濾材２４は水
面ＷＬよりも高く充填されるもので、その充填高さ（水
面ＷＬからの天然鉱物濾材２４の高さ）を植栽すべき有
用植物の耐湿性に応じて変化させることにより、前記Ｂ
ＧＦ水路１の全域（水域３，４，５）に水質浄化機能の
高い生育時期の異なる有用植物２７、２９（図１、図２
参照）を栽培するものである。即ち、ＢＧＦ水路１で栽
培する有用植物がケフナ・トマトなどの陸生植物２７
（図１参照）の場合には、天然鉱物濾材２４を水面ＷＬ
より１０〜２０cm高くなるように充填し、前記有用植物
がパピルスなどの水生植物２９（図２参照）の場合に
は、天然鉱物濾材２４を水面ＷＬより３〜５cm高くなる
ように充填する。Reference numeral 24 denotes each of the water areas 3, 4, and 4 of the BGF waterway 1.
5 is a natural mineral filter medium directly filled, and as the natural mineral filter medium 24, zeolite having a high cation adsorption capacity or Kanuma soil having a high phosphate adsorption capacity or a mixture of zeolite and Kanuma soil is used. The natural mineral filter medium 24 is filled higher than the water surface WL, and the filling height (the height of the natural mineral filter medium 24 from the water surface WL) is changed according to the moisture resistance of a useful plant to be planted. As a result,
Useful plants 27, 29 with high water purification function and different growth periods throughout the GF waterway 1 (water bodies 3, 4, 5) (FIGS. 1 and 2).
See). That is, useful plants cultivated in the BGF waterway 1 are terrestrial plants 27 such as kefna and tomato.
In the case of (see FIG. 1), the natural mineral filter medium 24 is
When the useful plant is an aquatic plant 29 such as papyrus (see FIG. 2), the natural mineral filter medium 24 is filled so as to be 3 to 5 cm higher than the water surface WL.

【００２８】次に、上記実施の形態１による水質浄化装
置の動作説明を兼ねた水質浄化方法について説明する。
流入管６からＢＧＦ水路１の最上流側（受水域２）に流
入する被処理水が有機物を殆ど含んでいない場合には、
図１に示すように、利用価値の高いケフナ・トマト等の
陸生植物２６ａが植栽された植生用カセット１５を受水
域２内のカセット支持部材１０上に設置すると共に、そ
の植生用カセット１５の陸生植物２６ａと同一の陸生植
物２７をＢＧＦ水路１で栽培すべく、このＢＧＦ水路１
には天然鉱物濾材２４を水面ＷＬより１０〜２０cm高く
なるように直接充填し、前記ＢＧＦ水路１の全域で同一
の陸生植物２７を栽培する。Next, a description will be given of a water purification method which also serves to explain the operation of the water purification apparatus according to the first embodiment.
When the water to be treated flowing from the inflow pipe 6 to the uppermost stream side (the water receiving area 2) of the BGF waterway 1 contains almost no organic matter,
As shown in FIG. 1, a vegetation cassette 15 in which terrestrial plants 26 a such as kefna and tomato of high utility value are planted is placed on the cassette support member 10 in the water receiving area 2, and the vegetation cassette 15 In order to cultivate the same terrestrial plant 27 as the terrestrial plant 26a in the BGF channel 1,
Is filled directly with a natural mineral filter medium 24 so as to be higher than the water surface WL by 10 to 20 cm, and the same terrestrial plant 27 is cultivated in the whole area of the BGF waterway 1.

【００２９】その栽培中において、流入管６から受水域
２に流入した被処理水（合併処理浄化槽による生活排水
の二次処理水や地下水等）によって植生用カセット１５
の下部が浸漬されることにより、その植生用カセット１
５の陸生植物２６ａが被処理水中の窒素・リンを吸収し
て生育する。また、受水域２では、被処理水中の懸濁物
質が汚泥貯留槽部３０の傾斜底部３０ａ上に沈降し、そ
の汚泥貯留槽部３０に溜った懸濁物質は、時期を見計ら
って沈澱物排出管１１から系外に排出除去される。During the cultivation, the vegetation cassette 15 is treated by the water to be treated (secondarily treated wastewater from the combined treatment septic tank, groundwater, etc.) flowing into the water receiving area 2 from the inflow pipe 6.
Is immersed in the lower part of the vegetation cassette 1
5 terrestrial plants 26a absorb nitrogen and phosphorus in the water to be treated and grow. In the water receiving area 2, the suspended matter in the water to be treated settles on the inclined bottom 30a of the sludge storage tank section 30, and the suspended substance collected in the sludge storage tank section 30 is discharged at an appropriate time. It is discharged from the pipe 11 to the outside of the system.

【００３０】さらに、前記受水域２では、植生用カセッ
ト１５の充填天然鉱物濾材と陸生植物２６ａとによっ
て、ある程度浄化された被処理水が上流側水域３に向っ
て流れるが、この際、その被処理水中に含まれた懸濁物
質は、フィルタ９で濾過除去されることにより、後続の
上流側水域３に流入することはなく、このため、ＢＧＦ
水路１に充填された天然鉱物濾材２４が懸濁物質で目詰
まりするようなことがなくなる。Further, in the water receiving area 2, the water to be treated, which has been purified to some extent by the natural mineral filter medium filled in the vegetation cassette 15 and the terrestrial plants 26a, flows toward the upstream water area 3. Suspended substances contained in the treated water are not removed by the filter 9 and thus do not flow into the subsequent upstream water body 3.
The natural mineral filter medium 24 filled in the water channel 1 does not become clogged with the suspended substance.

【００３１】このようにして、受水域２からフィルタ９
を介して後続の上流側水域３に流入した被処理水は、中
間水域４を通って下流側水域５へと流れるが、その流れ
は、上流側の阻流板１６と第１の中間堰１３および中間
の阻流板１７と第２の中間堰１４ならびに下流側の阻流
板１８とによって、図１中に矢印で示す上下方向の蛇行
流となる。このため、ＢＧＦ水路１を流れる被処理水
は、水面ＷＬ付近だけの流れとはならず、天然鉱物濾材
２４に対する効果的な流れとなって、天然鉱物濾材２４
が被処理水中の窒素・リンを効率よく吸着する。また、
上述のように、被処理水が上下方向の蛇行流となること
により、毛状根が水中深くまで伸びない陸生植物２７で
あっても、その毛状根が前記被処理水に効率よく接触し
て被処理水中の窒素・リンを吸収することとなり、陸生
植物２７の生育が旺盛となる。従って、図１では、陸生
植物２７と天然鉱物濾材２４とによって、ＢＧＦ水路１
の全域で被処理水を効率よく浄化できると共に、付加価
値の高い同一の陸生植物２７を効率よく多量に栽培で
き、それを纒めて回収することができる。In this way, the filter 9
The water to be treated which has flowed into the subsequent upstream water area 3 through the intermediate water area 4 flows to the downstream water area 5 through the intermediate water area 4. The middle baffle 17, the second intermediate weir 14, and the downstream baffle 18 form a meandering flow in the vertical direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. 1. For this reason, the water to be treated flowing through the BGF channel 1 does not flow only near the water surface WL, but becomes an effective flow for the natural mineral filter medium 24, and the natural mineral filter medium 24
Efficiently adsorbs nitrogen and phosphorus in the water to be treated. Also,
As described above, since the water to be treated is a meandering flow in the vertical direction, even if the terrestrial plant 27 does not have hairy roots extending deep into the water, the hairy roots efficiently contact the water to be treated. As a result, nitrogen and phosphorus in the water to be treated are absorbed, and the terrestrial plants 27 grow vigorously. Therefore, in FIG. 1, the terrestrial plant 27 and the natural mineral filter medium 24 make the BGF waterway 1
In addition, the water to be treated can be efficiently purified in the entire area, and the same terrestrial plant 27 having high added value can be efficiently cultivated in large quantities, and can be collected and collected.

【００３２】図２は図１と同一のＢＧＦ水路１で水生植
物２９を栽培する場合である。この場合、植生用カセッ
ト１５は水生植物２６ｂが植栽されたものとし、ＢＧＦ
水路１に直接充填された天然鉱物濾材２４は、その充填
高さが、栽培すべき水生植物２９に対応して水面ＷＬよ
り３〜５cm高くなるように設定して、植生用カセット１
５の水生植物２６ｂと同一の水生植物２９をＢＧＦ水路
１の全域で栽培する。FIG. 2 shows a case where aquatic plants 29 are cultivated in the same BGF channel 1 as in FIG. In this case, it is assumed that the aquatic plant 26b is planted in the vegetation cassette 15, and the BGF
The natural mineral filter medium 24 directly filled in the waterway 1 is set so that the filling height thereof is 3 to 5 cm higher than the water surface WL in accordance with the aquatic plant 29 to be cultivated.
The aquatic plant 29 identical to the aquatic plant 26b of No. 5 is cultivated in the whole area of the BGF waterway 1.

【００３３】このように、図１と同一のＢＧＦ水路１の
全域で栽培する水生植物２９は、毛状根が水中深くまで
伸長するので、ＢＧＦ水路１における被処理水の流水部
位全域で水生植物２９の毛状根が繁茂し、その毛状根と
被処理水との接触効率が非常に高くなり、被処理水中の
窒素・リンを前記毛状根が効率よく吸収して水生植物２
９の生育が旺盛となる。また、ＢＧＦ水路１の全域に充
填された天然鉱物濾材２４によっても被処理水中の窒素
・リンが効率よく吸着されることにより、水生植物２９
の生育が一層旺盛になると共に、その水生植物２９と天
然鉱物濾材２４とによってＢＧＦ水路１の全域で被処理
水が効率よく浄化されることにより、高い水質浄化機能
を発揮させることができる。従って、図２では、図１と
同一のＢＧＦ水路１の全域で同一の水生植物２９を効率
よく多量に栽培でき、それを纒めて回収することができ
ると共に、水質浄化機能が高くなる。また、上述のよう
に、植生用カセット１５およびＢＧＦ水路１１の全域で
栽培する水生植物２９は、浄化対象汚水の有機物濃度が
高い場合に特に有効である。As described above, the aquatic plant 29 cultivated in the entire area of the BGF channel 1 shown in FIG. 1 has the hairy roots extending deep into the water, so that the aquatic plant 29 extends in the entire flow area of the water to be treated in the BGF channel 1. 29 hairy roots prosper, the contact efficiency between the hairy roots and the water to be treated becomes very high, and the hairy roots efficiently absorb nitrogen and phosphorus in the water to be treated, and the aquatic plant 2
9 grows vigorously. In addition, the natural mineral filter medium 24 filled in the entire area of the BGF waterway 1 efficiently adsorbs nitrogen and phosphorus in the water to be treated, thereby increasing the aquatic plant 29
As the growth of the water becomes even more vigorous, the water to be treated is efficiently purified throughout the BGF waterway 1 by the aquatic plants 29 and the natural mineral filter medium 24, whereby a high water purification function can be exhibited. Therefore, in FIG. 2, the same aquatic plants 29 can be efficiently and abundantly cultivated in the whole area of the same BGF waterway 1 as in FIG. 1, can be collected and collected, and the water purification function can be enhanced. Further, as described above, the aquatic plants 29 cultivated in the entire area of the vegetation cassette 15 and the BGF waterway 11 are particularly effective when the organic matter concentration of the sewage to be purified is high.

【００３４】以上説明した実施の形態１によれば、ＢＧ
Ｆ水路１の最上流側受水域２を除く全域に天然鉱物濾材
２４を直接充填したので、その直接充填によって、網篭
等の濾材充填用部材（カセット）を必要とせずに植物栽
培床を容易に形成でき、コスト低減が図れると共に、網
篭等を必要としない植物栽培床では、この床面積全体で
有用植物を効率よく栽培できるという効果がある。しか
も、前記天然鉱物濾材２４はＢＧＦ水路１の水面ＷＬよ
りも高く充填し、その充填高さを植栽すべき有用植物
（陸生植物２６や水生植物２９）の耐湿性に応じて変化
させることにより、同一のＢＧＦ水路１で水質浄化機能
が高く且つ生育時期が異なる様々な有用植物を栽培する
ようにしたので、同一のＢＧＦ水路１で付加価値の高い
同一の有用植物を効率よく多量に栽培でき、それを纒め
て回収できるという効果がある。また、上述のように、
ＢＧＦ水路１の全域に天然鉱物濾材２４を水面ＷＬより
も高く充填したことにより、水面ＷＬを天然鉱物濾材２
４で光遮断状態に維持できて藻類の発生を防止できると
いう効果がある。According to the first embodiment described above, the BG
Since the entire area of the F waterway 1 except for the most upstream water receiving area 2 is directly filled with the natural mineral filter medium 24, the direct filling does not require a filter medium filling member (cassette) such as a net basket, thereby facilitating the plant cultivation floor. In a plant cultivation floor that does not require a net basket or the like, there is an effect that useful plants can be efficiently cultivated over the entire floor area. Moreover, the natural mineral filter medium 24 is filled higher than the water surface WL of the BGF waterway 1, and the filling height is changed according to the moisture resistance of useful plants (terrestrial plants 26 and aquatic plants 29) to be planted. Since various useful plants having a high water purification function and different growth periods are cultivated in the same BGF waterway 1, the same useful plants with high added value can be efficiently cultivated in large quantities in the same BGF waterway 1. There is an effect that it can be collected and collected. Also, as mentioned above,
By filling the entire surface of the BGF waterway 1 with the natural mineral filter medium 24 higher than the water surface WL, the water surface WL is
4 has an effect that light can be maintained in a light-blocking state and the generation of algae can be prevented.

【００３５】実施の形態２．図３はこの発明の実施の形
態２による水質浄化装置を示す断面図であり、図１およ
び図２と同一または相当部分には同一符号を付して説明
する。この実施の形態２では、まず、ＢＧＦ水路１を上
流側から下流側に向って漸次水深が深くなるように構成
したものである。即ち、ＢＧＦ水路１の水深は、上流側
水域３が最も浅く、中間水域４が上流側水域３よりも深
く、且つ、下流側水域５が最も深くなるように形成した
ものである。Embodiment 2 FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a water purification apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, and the same or corresponding parts as those in FIGS. 1 and 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals. In the second embodiment, first, the BGF channel 1 is configured so that the water depth gradually increases from the upstream side to the downstream side. That is, the water depth of the BGF waterway 1 is formed such that the upstream water area 3 is the shallowest, the intermediate water area 4 is deeper than the upstream water area 3, and the downstream water area 5 is the deepest.

【００３６】また、この実施の形態２（図３）において
は、上流水域３と中間水域４の前半に天然鉱物濾材２４
を直接充填しており、この天然鉱物濾材２４としては、
例えば、粒径が６〜１２mmで陽イオン吸着能が高いゼオ
ライトが用いられ、このゼオライト２４は、水面ＷＬよ
りも高く充填されている。さらに、中間水域４の後半と
下流側水域５とには天然鉱物濾材２５を充填しており、
この天然鉱物濾材２５としては、例えば、粒径が３〜６
mmでリン酸吸着能が高い鹿沼土が用いられている。これ
らの天然鉱物濾材２４，２５は、陸生植物２７，２８を
栽培する水域では、水面ＷＬより１０〜２０cm、水生植
物２９を栽培する水域では、水面ＷＬより３〜５cm高く
なるように充填されている。Further, in the second embodiment (FIG. 3), the natural mineral filter medium 24 is provided in the first half of the upstream water body 3 and the intermediate water body 4.
And the natural mineral filter medium 24 includes:
For example, zeolite having a particle diameter of 6 to 12 mm and high cation adsorption capacity is used, and the zeolite 24 is filled higher than the water surface WL. Further, the latter half of the intermediate water area 4 and the downstream water area 5 are filled with a natural mineral filter medium 25,
As the natural mineral filter medium 25, for example, a particle size of 3 to 6
Kanuma soil with high phosphoric acid adsorption capacity in mm is used. These natural mineral filter media 24 and 25 are filled so as to be 10 to 20 cm higher than the water surface WL in the water area where the terrestrial plants 27 and 28 are cultivated, and 3 to 5 cm higher than the water surface WL in the water area where the aquatic plants 29 are cultivated. I have.

【００３７】そして、前記天然鉱物濾材２４，２５に
は、各区画水域（上流側水域３、中間水域４、下流側水
域５）の水深に応じた長さに毛状根が繁茂し且つ生育時
期の異なった有用植物２７，２８，２９を植栽する。こ
こで、病害虫に強く、生育時期の異なる有用植物２７，
２８，２９を前記各水域３，４，５ごとに混植すると、
年間を通して高い水質浄化機能を安定して発揮させるこ
とができる。In the natural mineral filter media 24 and 25, hairy roots prosper and grow at a length corresponding to the water depth of each sectioned water area (upstream water area 3, intermediate water area 4, downstream water area 5). Plant useful plants 27, 28 and 29 different from each other. Here, useful plants 27, which are resistant to pests and grow at different times,
When 28 and 29 are mixed for each of the water areas 3, 4 and 5,
A high water purification function can be stably exhibited throughout the year.

【００３８】この場合の有用植物として、上流側水域３
と中間水域４に充填された天然鉱物濾材２４，２５に
は、それらの水域３，４の水深に応じた長さに毛状根が
繁茂する複数の陸生植物２７，２８を植栽し、下流側水
域５に充填された天然鉱物濾材２５には、その下流側水
域５の水深に応じた長さに毛状根が繁茂する複数の水生
植物２９を植栽する。As useful plants in this case, upstream water area 3
And a plurality of terrestrial plants 27, 28 in which hairy roots grow to a length corresponding to the depth of the water areas 3, 4, are planted in the natural mineral filter media 24, 25 filled in the intermediate water area 4, and downstream. In the natural mineral filter medium 25 filled in the side water area 5, a plurality of aquatic plants 29 with hairy roots growing in a length corresponding to the water depth of the downstream water area 5 are planted.

【００３９】図３において、３１はＢＧＦ水路１の上方
に配置された不足養分点滴パイプであり、この不足養分
点滴パイプ３１は養分補填ポンプ（図３では図示せず）
に接続されているもので、ＢＧＦ水路１の天然鉱物濾材
２４にリン酸などの不足養分や微量元素を点滴補填する
ための養分補填手段を構成している。即ち、窒素濃度に
比してリン濃度が著しく低い汚染地下水や河川水等の被
処理水を浄化する場合に、前記養分補填ポンプを起動さ
せて不足養分点滴パイプ３１から天然鉱物濾材２４に不
足分のリン酸を点滴補填することにより、有用植物の生
育を旺盛にして窒素を効率よく吸収除去することができ
る。In FIG. 3, reference numeral 31 denotes an undernutrition drip pipe disposed above the BGF waterway 1. The undernutrition drip pipe 31 is a nutrient replenishment pump (not shown in FIG. 3).
And constitutes a nutrient replenishing means for intravenously replenishing deficient nutrients such as phosphoric acid and trace elements to the natural mineral filter medium 24 of the BGF waterway 1. That is, when purifying contaminated water such as groundwater or river water whose phosphorus concentration is remarkably lower than the nitrogen concentration, the nutrient replenishment pump is activated to supply the natural mineral filter medium 24 from the insufficient nutrient drip pipe 31 to the natural mineral filter medium 24. By supplementing the phosphoric acid with drip, the useful plant can be vigorously grown and nitrogen can be efficiently absorbed and removed.

【００４０】次に、実験に基づく前記ＢＧＦ水路１の更
なる具体例について詳述すると、ＢＧＦ水路１は、全長
が１５〜２０ｍ、幅が６０〜１００cm、上流側水域３の
水深が５〜１０cm、中間水域４の水深が１０〜２０cm、
下流側水域の水深が２０〜２５cmの寸法構成とした。Next, further specific examples of the BGF channel 1 based on experiments will be described in detail. The BGF channel 1 has a total length of 15 to 20 m, a width of 60 to 100 cm, and a water depth of the upstream water body 3 of 5 to 10 cm. , The depth of the intermediate water area 4 is 10 to 20 cm,
The downstream water area had a water depth of 20 to 25 cm.

【００４１】そして、上流側水域３と中間水域４の前半
には、天然鉱物濾材として、粒径が６〜１２mmのゼオラ
イト（天然鉱物濾材２４）を水面ＷＬから１０〜２０cm
高く充填し、そのゼオライト層には有用植物として複数
の陸生植物２７，２８を植栽した。ここで、上流側水域
３のゼオライト層に植栽する陸生植物２７は、窒素濃度
が高くないと生育が悪い陸生植物である。この陸生植物
としては、トマト・モロヘイヤ・シュンギク・葉ダイコ
ン等の野菜類が挙げられる。また、中間水域４のゼオラ
イト層、鹿沼土（天然鉱物濾材２５）層に植栽する陸生
植物２８は、窒素濃度が数mmgL-1でも充分に生育する陸
生植物である。この陸生植物としては、例えば、バジル
・オーデコロンミント・ペパーミント・パイナップルセ
ージ等のハーブ類及び青ジソ・キヌサヤエンドウ・サト
イモ・マリーゴールド（花）などが挙げられる。In the first half of the upstream water area 3 and the intermediate water area 4, zeolite (natural mineral filter medium 24) having a particle size of 6 to 12 mm as a natural mineral filter medium is 10 to 20 cm from the water surface WL.
The zeolite layer was filled high and a plurality of terrestrial plants 27 and 28 were planted as useful plants. Here, the terrestrial plant 27 planted in the zeolite layer in the upstream water body 3 is a terrestrial plant that grows poorly unless the nitrogen concentration is high. Examples of this terrestrial plant include vegetables such as tomato, moloheiya, shungiku, leaf radish and the like. The terrestrial plants 28 to be planted in the zeolite layer and the Kanuma soil (natural mineral filter medium 25) layer in the intermediate water area 4 are terrestrial plants that can grow sufficiently even if the nitrogen concentration is several mmL- 1 . Examples of the terrestrial plants include herbs such as basil, eau de cologne mint, peppermint, and pineapple sage, and blue jiso, quinosaya pea, taro marigold (flower), and the like.

【００４２】また、下流水域５には、天然鉱物濾材とし
て、粒径が３〜６ｍｍの鹿沼土２５を水面ＷＬから３〜
５ｃｍ高く充填し、その鹿沼土２５層には窒素濃度が１
mgL -1 以下でも窒素吸収能が高い水生植物を植栽した。
この水生植物としては、例えば、セリ・カラー・パピル
スなどが挙げられる。さらに、受水域２には、網篭１５
ａ内にゼオライトを充填して該ゼオライト層には、夏期
にトマトを、冬期にフダンソウなどの陸生植物２６ａを
植栽して成る植生用カセット１５を設置した。In the downstream water area 5, natural mineral filter media is used.
The Kanuma soil 25 having a particle size of 3 to 6 mm from the water surface WL by 3 to
Filled 5 cm higher and the 25 layers of Kanuma soil had a nitrogen concentration of 1
mgL -1 Even below, aquatic plants having high nitrogen absorption ability were planted.
As this aquatic plant, for example, Seri color papill
And the like. Further, the catchment area 2 has a net cage 15
a is filled with zeolite and the zeolite layer
Tomatoes and terrestrial plants 26a such as chard in winter
A vegetation cassette 15 formed by planting was installed.

【００４３】次に、上記構成のＢＧＦ水路１による水質
浄化方法および水質浄化装置の動作について説明する。
合併処理浄化槽による生活排水の二次処理水や地下水等
の被処理水が流入管６からＢＧＦ水路１の最上流側の受
水域２に流入すると、上記実施の形態１の場合と同様
に、その流入水で植生用カセット１５の下部が浸漬さ
れ、植生用カセット１５の陸生植物２６ａが毛状根から
流入水中の窒素・リンを吸収して生育する。また、流入
水中の懸濁物質は、受水域２の下部の汚泥貯留槽部３０
に沈降する。その汚泥貯留槽部３０に溜った懸濁物質
は、実施の形態１の場合と同様に時期を見計らって沈澱
部排出管１１から排出除去される。Next, the water purification method and the operation of the water purification apparatus using the BGF water channel 1 having the above-described configuration will be described.
When water to be treated such as secondary treatment water or groundwater of domestic wastewater by the merged treatment septic tank flows into the water receiving area 2 on the most upstream side of the BGF waterway 1 from the inflow pipe 6, the same as in the first embodiment, The lower portion of the vegetation cassette 15 is immersed in the influent water, and the terrestrial plants 26a of the vegetation cassette 15 grow by absorbing nitrogen and phosphorus in the influent water from the hairy roots. In addition, suspended solids in the inflow water are transferred to the sludge storage tank 30 below the water receiving area 2.
Settles down. The suspended matter accumulated in the sludge storage tank section 30 is discharged and removed from the settling section discharge pipe 11 at an appropriate time as in the case of the first embodiment.

【００４４】このように、受水域２で植生用カセット１
５の充填濾材と陸生植物２６ａとにより、ある程度浄化
された流入水は上流側水域３に向う際にフィルタ９で懸
濁物質が濾過される。このため、前記受水域２の汚泥貯
留槽部３０に沈降した懸濁物質が次の上流側水域３に流
入するようなことはなく、上流側水域３および中間水域
４において、懸濁物質による天然鉱物濾材２４，２５の
目詰まりを防止できる。Thus, the vegetation cassette 1
The inflow water purified to some extent by the filled filter medium 5 and the terrestrial plant 26a is filtered by the filter 9 when the inflow water reaches the upstream water area 3. Therefore, the suspended matter settled in the sludge storage tank section 30 of the water receiving area 2 does not flow into the next upstream water area 3, and the suspended matter in the upstream water area 3 and the intermediate water area 4 is naturally generated by the suspended substance. Clogging of the mineral filter media 24, 25 can be prevented.

【００４５】また、上流側水域３と中間水域４と下流側
水域５では、阻流板１６と堰１３および阻流板１７と堰
１４ならびに阻流板１８とによって、被処理水は図中矢
印方向の蛇行流となる。このため、ＢＧＦ水路１を流れ
る被処理水は、水面ＷＬ付近だけの流れとはならず、天
然鉱物濾材２４，２５に対する効果的な流れとなって、
天然鉱物濾材２４，２５が被処理水中の窒素・リンを効
率よく吸着する。また、上述のように、被処理水が上下
方向の蛇行流となることにより、毛状根が水中深くまで
伸びない陸生植物２７であっても、その毛状根が前記被
処理水に効率よく接触して被処理水中の窒素を吸収する
こととなり、陸生植物２７の生育が旺盛となる。In the upstream water area 3, the intermediate water area 4, and the downstream water area 5, the water to be treated is indicated by arrows in the drawing by the baffle plate 16 and the weir 13, the baffle plate 17 and the weir 14, and the baffle plate 18. A meandering flow in the direction. For this reason, the water to be treated flowing in the BGF channel 1 does not flow only near the water surface WL, but becomes an effective flow for the natural mineral filter media 24 and 25.
The natural mineral filter media 24 and 25 efficiently adsorb nitrogen and phosphorus in the water to be treated. In addition, as described above, since the water to be treated has a meandering flow in the vertical direction, even if the terrestrial plant 27 does not have hairy roots extending deep into the water, the hairy roots can efficiently flow into the water to be treated. It comes into contact and absorbs nitrogen in the water to be treated, and the terrestrial plants 27 grow vigorously.

【００４６】そして、上流側水域３と中間水域４および
下流側水域５では、それらの水域に植栽した陸生植物２
７，２８および水生植物２９のそれぞれの毛状根が前記
各水域３，４，５のそれぞれの水深に応じた長さに生育
することによって、流水域全体に前記毛状根が繁茂す
る。このため、前記有用植物２７，２８，２９の毛状根
によって、流水中の窒素・リン等が効率よく吸収される
と共に、流水域全体に天然鉱物濾材２４，２５が充填さ
れていることにより、それらの天然鉱物濾材２４，２５
によって流水中の窒素・リンも効率よく吸着され、流出
口１９からの流出水は、窒素・リンが効率よく除去され
た浄化水として排出される。In the upstream water area 3, the intermediate water area 4, and the downstream water area 5, terrestrial plants 2 planted in those water areas are used.
The hairy roots of the plants 7, 28 and the aquatic plants 29 grow to the lengths corresponding to the respective water depths of the water areas 3, 4, 5 so that the hairy roots proliferate in the entire flowing water area. Therefore, the hairy roots of the useful plants 27, 28, and 29 efficiently absorb nitrogen and phosphorus in the running water, and the entire running water area is filled with the natural mineral filter media 24 and 25. Those natural mineral filter media 24, 25
As a result, nitrogen and phosphorus in the flowing water are also efficiently adsorbed, and the effluent from the outlet 19 is discharged as purified water from which nitrogen and phosphorus have been efficiently removed.

【００４７】以上において、年間を通した実験による窒
素・リンの除去成績を表１に示す。Table 1 shows the results of removing nitrogen and phosphorus by year-round experiments.

【表１】 [Table 1]

【００４８】表１から明らかなように、この発明の上記
実施の形態２によるＢＧＦ水路１によれば、夏期には流
入水に含まれた全窒素の９９．２％および全リンの９
７．１％を除去できることが判明した。また、流出水の
重金属濃度は、表に示していないが、水道水の水質基準
の１／５〜１／１０と極めて低く、このため、夏期のＢ
ＧＦ水路からの流出水は、水道原水等の水資源として循
環利用できることが明らかとなった。As is clear from Table 1, according to the BGF channel 1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention, 99.2% of the total nitrogen and 9% of the total phosphorus contained in the inflow water in the summer.
It was found that 7.1% could be removed. The heavy metal concentration in the effluent is not shown in the table, but is extremely low, ie, 1/5 to 1/10 of the standard of tap water.
It was found that the effluent from the GF canal can be recycled as water resources such as tap water.

【００４９】なお、上記実施の形態２によるＢＧＦ水路
１では、陸生植物・水生植物の両方に鹿沼土・ゼオライ
トを使用可能であるが、上流側に鹿沼土を使ったので
は、この鹿沼土によるリン吸収効率が高いことにより、
下流側の植物が十分に育たなくなることもある。このた
め、植生用カセット１５と上流側水域３および中間水域
４の前半にゼオライト２４を充填し、中間水域４の後半
と下流側水域５には鹿沼土を充填した。これにより、陸
生植物および水生植物のそれぞれが良好に生育した。In the BGF channel 1 according to the second embodiment, it is possible to use Kanuma soil and zeolite for both terrestrial plants and aquatic plants. Due to high phosphorus absorption efficiency,
Downstream plants may not grow enough. Therefore, the vegetation cassette 15, the upstream water area 3 and the first half of the intermediate water area 4 were filled with zeolite 24, and the second half of the intermediate water area 4 and the downstream water area 5 were filled with Kanuma soil. Thereby, each of the terrestrial plant and the aquatic plant grew well.

【００５０】また、上記実施の形態２においては、流入
水の窒素とリンの比率に応じて鹿沼土・ゼオライト等の
天然鉱物濾材の長さを変化させることが好ましい。即
ち、ＢＧＦ水路１の中間水域４の後半と下流側水域５に
充填する鹿沼土等リン吸着濾材の充填長さを変化させる
ことにより、窒素・リンの効率的除去を図ることができ
る。例えば、流入水のＮ／Ｐ比が１〜３（Ｐ＝１に対し
てＮ＝３）の場合は、ゼオライト濾材とリン吸着濾材充
填水路の長さを１：１とする。また、Ｎ／Ｐ比が３〜７
の場合は、植物による窒素とリンの吸収がバランスよく
行われるので、充填濾材をゼオライト主体として鹿沼土
を不要化してもよい。さらに、Ｎ／Ｐ比が１以下の場合
は、植物だけではリンを吸収除去できないので、鹿沼土
などのリン吸着濾材を主体とすることが好ましい。な
お、Ｎ／Ｐ比が７以上の場合は、リン欠乏により植物の
生育が抑制されるので、この場合は、く溶性リン酸肥料
をゼオライト濾材に適量混合したり、不足養分点滴パイ
プ３１などで不足分のリン酸を補填することにより、植
物の生育促進を図ることができる。In the second embodiment, it is preferable to change the length of a natural mineral filter medium such as Kanuma soil or zeolite according to the ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus in the inflow water. That is, nitrogen and phosphorus can be efficiently removed by changing the filling length of the phosphorus adsorbing filter medium such as Kanuma soil filled in the latter half of the intermediate water area 4 and the downstream water area 5 of the BGF waterway 1. For example, when the N / P ratio of the inflow water is 1 to 3 (N = 3 for P = 1), the length of the zeolite filter medium and the phosphorus adsorption filter medium filling channel is set to 1: 1. Further, the N / P ratio is 3-7.
In the case of (1), the absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus by the plant is carried out in a well-balanced manner, and thus the filter medium may be mainly composed of zeolite, and the Kanuma soil may not be required. Further, when the N / P ratio is 1 or less, phosphorus cannot be absorbed and removed only by plants, and therefore, it is preferable to mainly use a phosphorus-adsorbing filter medium such as Kanuma soil. When the N / P ratio is 7 or more, the growth of plants is suppressed by phosphorus deficiency. In this case, an appropriate amount of a soluble phosphate fertilizer is mixed with the zeolite filter medium, or the insufficient nutrient drip pipe 31 is used. By supplementing the insufficient phosphoric acid, plant growth can be promoted.

【００５１】さらに、上記実施の形態２によるＢＧＦ水
路１において、陸生植物２７，２８栽培部位の濾材（ゼ
オライト）充填高さを水面ＷＬよりも１０〜２０ｃｍ高
くした理由は、曝気を必要とせずに陸生植物を旺盛に生
育させることにある。また、水生植物２９の栽培部位に
おいても、濾材（鹿沼土）の充填高さを水面ＷＬよりも
３〜５ｃｍ高くした理由は、水面ＷＬに光が入らないよ
うにして藻類の発生を防止することにある。Furthermore, in the BGF channel 1 according to the second embodiment, the filling height of the filter medium (zeolite) at the cultivation site of the terrestrial plants 27 and 28 is set to be higher by 10 to 20 cm than the water surface WL because aeration is not required. It is to grow terrestrial plants vigorously. The reason why the filling height of the filter medium (Kanuma soil) is 3 to 5 cm higher than the water surface WL even in the cultivation site of the aquatic plant 29 is to prevent light from entering the water surface WL to prevent the generation of algae. It is in.

【００５２】さらに、上記実施の形態２によるＢＧＦ水
路１では、各水域３，４，５ごとに生育時期が異なる植
物を年間を通して植栽することとする。これにより、成
熟した植物を収穫しても、未だ収穫時期に達していない
他の植物によって、流入水の窒素・リンの吸収除去を行
うことができる。Further, in the BGF waterway 1 according to the second embodiment, plants having different growth periods in each of the water bodies 3, 4, and 5 are planted throughout the year. As a result, even if a mature plant is harvested, it is possible to absorb and remove nitrogen and phosphorus in the influent water by another plant that has not yet reached the harvest time.

【００５３】実施の形態３．図４はこの発明の実施の形
態３による水質浄化装置を示す概略構成図である。この
実施の形態３では、上記実施の形態１または実施の形態
２と同一構成のＢＧＦ水路１を離間平行状態の２連配置
としたものである。この場合、平行する２つのＢＧＦ水
路１は、それぞれの水路での栽培植物が日陰にならない
間隔に配置することが好ましく、例えば、栽培植物の最
大草丈と同じ間隔に配置する。これにより、植物の生育
促進を図ることができる。なお、図４には不足養分点滴
パイプ３１と養分補填ポンプ３２を示したが、この実施
の形態３におけるその他の構成は図３と同一のため、同
一部分または相当部分には同一符号を付して重複説明を
省略した。Embodiment 3 FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a water purification device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. In the third embodiment, the BGF channel 1 having the same configuration as that of the first embodiment or the second embodiment is arranged in two rows in a separated and parallel state. In this case, the two parallel BGF waterways 1 are preferably arranged at intervals such that the cultivated plants in each of the waterways are not shaded, for example, at the same interval as the maximum plant height of the cultivated plants. Thereby, plant growth can be promoted. Although FIG. 4 shows the deficient nutrient drip pipe 31 and the nutrient replenishment pump 32, the other components in the third embodiment are the same as those in FIG. And redundant description is omitted.

【００５４】実施の形態４．図５はこの発明の実施の形
態４による水質浄化装置を示す概略構成図である。この
実施の形態４では、上記実施の形態１または実施の形態
２と同一構成のＢＧＦ水路１の組み合わせ配置数を増や
したものである。この実施の形態４の場合も上記実施の
形態３と同様の効果が得られると共に、その組合せ平面
形状を任意に変化させることによって環境美化を図るこ
とができる。なお、図５において、図３および図４と同
一または相当部分には同一符号を付して重複説明を省略
した。Embodiment 4 FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a water purification device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. In the fourth embodiment, the number of combinations of the BGF waterways 1 having the same configuration as that of the first embodiment or the second embodiment is increased. In the case of the fourth embodiment as well, the same effects as those of the third embodiment can be obtained, and by arbitrarily changing the combined planar shape, environmental beautification can be achieved. In FIG. 5, the same or corresponding parts as those in FIGS. 3 and 4 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

【００５５】以上説明した実施の形態２〜実施の形態４
によるＢＧＦ水路１は、窒素濃度が高い地下水や河川水
を浄化して飲料水とする際の前処理に活用でき、この浄
化水を膜濾過し且つ殺菌処理することによって、地下水
や河川水を弊害のない飲料水とすることができる。Embodiments 2 to 4 described above
BGF canal 1 can be used for pretreatment when purifying groundwater or river water with high nitrogen concentration into drinking water, and this purified water is subjected to membrane filtration and sterilization treatment, thereby deteriorating groundwater and river water. Drinking water without water.

【００５６】[0056]

【発明の効果】以上のように、この発明によれば、水路
全域に天然鉱物濾材を水面より高くなるよう直接充填
し、その充填高さを植栽すべき有用植物の耐湿性に応じ
て変化させることにより、前記水路全域に水質浄化機能
の高い生育時期の異なる様々な有用植物を栽培するよう
にしたので、前記天然鉱物濾材の直接充填によって、網
篭等の濾材充填用部材（カセット）を必要とせずに植物
栽培床を容易に形成でき、コスト低減が図れると共に、
網篭等を必要としない植物栽培床では、この床面積全体
を植物栽培に有効活用できて有用植物を効率よく栽培で
き、その有用植物と天然鉱物濾材とによって被処理水を
効率よく浄化できるという効果がある。しかも、上述の
ように、天然鉱物濾材の充填高さを植栽すべき有用植物
の耐湿性に応じて変化させることにより、同一の水路で
水質浄化機能が高く且つ生育時期が異なる様々な有用植
物または資源価値の高い同一の有用植物を効率よく多量
に栽培でき、それを纒めて回収できるという効果があ
る。さらには、水面よりも高く充填された天然鉱物濾材
によって水面を光遮断状態に維持できるため、藻類の発
生を防止できるという効果がある。As described above, according to the present invention, the entirety of a waterway is directly filled with a natural mineral filter medium so as to be higher than the water surface, and the filling height is changed according to the moisture resistance of a useful plant to be planted. By doing so, various useful plants having different growth periods with high water purification functions are cultivated in the entire waterway, so that the filter material filling member (cassette) such as a net basket is directly filled with the natural mineral filter material. The plant cultivation floor can be easily formed without the need, and the cost can be reduced.
On a plant cultivation floor that does not require a net basket, the entire floor area can be effectively used for plant cultivation, useful plants can be cultivated efficiently, and the treated water can be efficiently purified by the useful plants and natural mineral filter media. effective. Moreover, as described above, by changing the filling height of the natural mineral filter medium in accordance with the moisture resistance of the useful plant to be planted, various useful plants having a high water purification function in the same waterway and having different growth periods. Alternatively, there is an effect that the same useful plant having a high resource value can be efficiently cultivated in a large amount and collected and collected. Furthermore, since the water surface can be maintained in a light-blocking state by the natural mineral filter medium filled higher than the water surface, there is an effect that generation of algae can be prevented.

【００５７】この発明によれば、水路を上流側から下流
側に向って漸次水深が深くなる複数の区画水域に区分
し、該区画水域のそれぞれに天然鉱物濾材を充填すると
共に、該天然鉱物濾材には、前記各区画水域ごとに生育
時期が異なり且つ各区画水域の水深に応じた長さに毛状
根が繁茂する有用植物を植栽するので、各区画水域の流
入水域全域で有用植物の毛状根と流水を効率的に接触さ
せることができ、有用植物の養分吸収機能（窒素・リン
などの吸収機能）および天然鉱物濾材による窒素・リン
吸着機能が向上すると共に、成熟した植物を収穫しても
他の未成熟植物による養分吸収によって安定した水質浄
化を行うことができるという効果がある。According to the present invention, the waterway is divided into a plurality of partitioned water areas of which the water depth gradually increases from the upstream side to the downstream side, and each of the partitioned water areas is filled with the natural mineral filter medium, and the natural mineral filter medium is filled. In planting useful plants in which the growth time is different for each of the compartment water areas and hairy roots are grown to a length corresponding to the water depth of each compartment water area, so that the useful plants in the entire inflow water area of each compartment water area are planted. Hairy roots and running water can be efficiently contacted, improving the nutrient absorption function (absorption function of nitrogen and phosphorus) of useful plants and the nitrogen and phosphorus adsorption function of natural mineral filter media, and harvesting mature plants Even so, there is an effect that stable water purification can be performed by nutrient absorption by other immature plants.

【００５８】この発明によれば、水路を、水深の最も浅
い上流側水域と、この上流側水域よりも水深が深い中間
水域と、水深の最も深い下流側水域とに区分し、上流側
水域と中間水域の前半に陽イオン吸着能が高い天然鉱物
濾材を充填して陸生植物を植栽し、且つ、中間水域の後
半と下流側水域にはリン酸吸着能が高い天然鉱物濾材を
充填して陸生植物や水生植物を植栽する構成としたの
で、毛状根が水中深くまで伸びない陸生植物と毛状根が
水中深くまで伸長する水生植物とを併用するものであり
ながら、前記各水域の水深全域で毛状根を流水に効率よ
く接触させることができ、このため、効率的で安定した
水質浄化を行うことができるという効果がある。According to the present invention, the waterway is divided into an upstream water area having the shallowest water depth, an intermediate water area having a deeper water depth than the upstream water area, and a downstream water area having the deepest water depth. Fill the first half of the middle water area with a natural mineral filter medium with high cation adsorption capacity to plant terrestrial plants, and fill the second half of the middle water area and the downstream water area with a natural mineral filter medium with high phosphate adsorption capacity. Because it is configured to plant terrestrial plants and aquatic plants, while using a combination of terrestrial plants whose hairy roots do not extend deep into the water and aquatic plants whose hairy roots extend deeply into the water, Hairy roots can be efficiently brought into contact with flowing water in the entire depth of the water, and therefore, there is an effect that efficient and stable water purification can be performed.

【００５９】この発明によれば、水路の天然鉱物濾材充
填層にリン酸などの不足養分を補填するための養分補填
手段を備えている構成としたので、窒素濃度に比してリ
ン濃度が著しく低い汚染地下水や河川水等の流入水（被
処理水）であっても、この場合、前記養分補填手段から
不足分のリンを補填することにより、有用植物が旺盛に
生育して窒素を高率よく吸収除去することができるとい
う効果がある。According to the present invention, since the nutrient replenishing means for replenishing nutrients such as phosphoric acid is provided in the natural mineral filter medium packed bed of the waterway, the phosphorus concentration is significantly higher than the nitrogen concentration. Even in the case of low-contaminated inflow water (water to be treated) such as groundwater or river water, in this case, by supplementing the insufficient phosphorus from the nutrient replenishment means, useful plants grow vigorously and have a high nitrogen content. There is an effect that it can be absorbed and removed well.

【００６０】この発明によれば、水路の最上流側に流入
水を受け入れる受水域を区分形成し、この受水域には、
天然鉱物濾材が充填されて有用植物が植栽された植生用
カセットを着脱可能に設置すると共に、前記受水域とこ
れに続く上流側水域との連通部にはフィルタを設ける構
成としたので、流入水中の懸濁物質が前記受水域から前
記上流側水域および後続の水域に流入するようなことが
なく、このため、天然鉱物濾材を長期間使用しても当該
濾材に目詰まりが生じるようなことがなく、上流側水域
および中間水域ならびに下流水域での段階的浄化効率が
向上するという効果がある。また、受水域における前記
植生用カセットの下部に汚泥貯留槽部を有する構成とし
たので、その汚泥貯留槽部に懸濁物質を溜めて容易に取
り除くことができるという効果がある。According to the present invention, a receiving area for receiving inflow water is formed on the most upstream side of the waterway, and the receiving area includes:
A vegetation cassette filled with a natural mineral filter medium and planted with useful plants is detachably installed, and a filter is provided at a communication portion between the receiving area and the upstream water area following the vegetation cassette. Suspended substances in the water do not flow from the receiving area into the upstream water area and the following water area, and therefore, even if the natural mineral filter medium is used for a long time, the filter medium may be clogged. There is an effect that the stepwise purification efficiency in the upstream water area, the intermediate water area, and the downstream water area is improved. In addition, since the sludge storage tank section is provided below the vegetation cassette in the water receiving area, there is an effect that the suspended matter can be stored in the sludge storage tank section and easily removed.

【００６１】この発明によれば、各区画水域における天
然鉱物濾材の充填高さを水面よりも高くなるように構成
したので、曝気を必要とせずに植物を旺盛に繁殖させる
ことができると共に、水面が天然鉱物濾材で覆われて光
が遮断されることにより、水面に藻類が発生するのを防
止できるという効果がある。According to the present invention, since the filling height of the natural mineral filter medium in each sectioned water area is set higher than the water surface, the plants can be vigorously propagated without the need for aeration, and Is covered with a natural mineral filter medium to block light, which has the effect of preventing generation of algae on the water surface.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図１】この発明の実施の形態１による水質浄化装置を
示す断面図である。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a water purification device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

【図２】図１中の天然鉱物濾材の充填高さを有用植物の
耐湿性に応じて変化させた状態の水質浄化装置を示す断
面図である。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the water purification device in a state where the filling height of the natural mineral filter medium in FIG. 1 is changed according to the moisture resistance of a useful plant.

【図３】この発明の実施の形態２による水質浄化装置を
示す断面図である。FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a water purification device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

【図４】この発明の実施の形態３による水質浄化装置を
示す概略構成図である。FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a water purification device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

【図５】この発明の実施の形態４による水質浄化装置を
示す概略構成図である。FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a water purification device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

１ ＢＧＦ水路 ２ 受水域 ３ 上流側水域 ４ 中間水域 ５ 下流側水域 ９ フィルタ １５ 植生用カセット ２４ 陽イオン吸着能が高い天然鉱物濾材（ゼオライト
など） ２５ リン酸吸着能が高い天然鉱物濾材（鹿沼土など） ２６ａ，２７，２８ 陸生植物（有用植物） ２６ｂ，２９ 水生植物（有用植物） ３０ 汚泥貯留槽部 ３１ 不足養分点滴パイプ（養分補填手段） ３２ 養分補填ポンプ（養分補填手段）DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 BGF waterway 2 Water receiving area 3 Upstream water area 4 Intermediate water area 5 Downstream water area 9 Filter 15 Vegetation cassette 24 Natural mineral filter medium with high cation adsorption capacity (such as zeolite) 25 Natural mineral filter medium with high phosphate adsorption capacity (Kanuma soil) 26a, 27, 28 Terrestrial plants (useful plants) 26b, 29 Aquatic plants (useful plants) 30 Sludge storage tank 31 Insufficient nutrient drip pipe (nutrient replenishment means) 32 Nutrient replenishment pump (nutrient replenishment means)

Claims (7)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項１】 水路に有用植物を植栽して水質を浄化す
る水質浄化方法において、前記水路全域に天然鉱物濾材
を水面より高くなるよう直接充填し、その充填高さを植
栽すべき有用植物の耐湿性に応じて変化させることによ
り、前記水路全域に水質浄化機能の高い生育時期の異な
る様々な有用植物を栽培することを特徴とする有用植物
を用いた水質浄化方法。1. A water purification method for purifying water by planting useful plants in a waterway, wherein a natural mineral filter medium is directly filled over the waterway so as to be higher than the water surface, and the filling height is planted. A water purification method using a useful plant, characterized by cultivating various useful plants having a high water purification function and having different growth periods in the entire waterway by changing the plant according to the moisture resistance of the plant. 【請求項２】 水路に有用植物を植栽して水質を浄化す
る水質浄化方法において、前記水路を上流側から下流側
に向って漸次水深が深くなる複数の区画水域に区分し、
該区画水域のそれぞれに天然鉱物濾材を充填すると共
に、該天然鉱物濾材には、前記各区画水域ごとに生育時
期が異なり且つ各区画水域の水深に応じた長さに毛状根
が繁茂する複数の有用植物を植栽することにより、前記
天然鉱物濾材を介して前記各区画水域の植栽有用植物群
の毛状根を水路の流水に効率よく接触させることを特徴
とする有用植物を用いた水質浄化方法。2. A water purification method for purifying water by planting useful plants in a waterway, wherein the waterway is divided into a plurality of partitioned water areas where the water depth gradually increases from an upstream side to a downstream side.
Each of the divided water areas is filled with a natural mineral filter medium, and the natural mineral filter medium has a plurality of hairy roots having different growth periods for each of the divided water areas and having hairy roots having a length corresponding to the water depth of each of the divided water areas. By using a useful plant characterized by efficiently contacting the hairy roots of the group of useful plants to be planted in each of the divided water areas with running water of a waterway through the natural mineral filter medium by planting the useful plant of the present invention. Water purification method. 【請求項３】 水路に有用植物を植栽して水質を浄化す
る水質浄化装置において、前記水路を上流側から下流側
に向って漸次水深が深くなるように区分した複数の区画
水域と、該区画水域のそれぞれに充填した天然鉱物濾材
とからなり、前記天然鉱物濾材には、前記各区画水域ご
とに生育時期が異なり且つ各区画水域の水深に応じた長
さに毛状根が繁茂する複数の有用植物を植栽してなるこ
とを特徴とする有用植物を用いた水質浄化装置。3. A water purification apparatus for purifying water by planting useful plants in a waterway, wherein the waterway is divided into a plurality of partitioned water areas that are progressively deeper in water depth from upstream to downstream. A natural mineral filter medium filled in each of the divided water areas, wherein the natural mineral filter medium has a plurality of hairy roots that grow at different lengths for each of the divided water areas and grow in length according to the water depth of each of the divided water areas. A water purification apparatus using a useful plant, characterized by planting the useful plant of the present invention. 【請求項４】 区画水域は、植物栽培床形成用の上流側
水域と中間水域と下流側水域とからなって、上流側水域
の水深が最も浅く、下流側水域の水深が最も深く形成さ
れ、上流側水域と中間水域の前半には陽イオン吸着能が
高い天然鉱物濾材が充填され、且つ、中間水域の後半と
下流側水域にはリン酸吸着能が高い天然鉱物濾材が充填
され、前記上流側水域の天然鉱物濾材には陸生植物が、
且つ、前記下流側水域の天然鉱物濾材には水生植物が植
栽されていることを特徴とする請求項３記載の有用植物
を用いた水質浄化装置。4. The partitioned water area is composed of an upstream water area, an intermediate water area, and a downstream water area for forming a plant cultivation bed, the upstream water area having the shallowest water depth, and the downstream water area having the deepest water depth, The upstream water area and the first half of the intermediate water area are filled with a natural mineral filter medium having a high cation adsorption capacity, and the second half of the intermediate water area and the downstream water area are filled with a natural mineral filter medium having a high phosphate adsorption capacity. Terrestrial plants are included in the natural mineral filter media in the side waters,
The water purification apparatus according to claim 3, wherein an aquatic plant is planted in the natural mineral filter medium in the downstream water area. 【請求項５】 水路は、天然鉱物濾材の充填層にリンな
どの不足養分や微量元素を補填するための養分補填手段
を備えていることを特徴とする請求項３または請求項４
記載の有用植物を用いた水質浄化装置。5. The water channel is provided with a nutrient replenishing means for replenishing a deficient nutrient such as phosphorus or a trace element in a packed bed of a natural mineral filter medium.
A water purification device using the useful plant described in the above. 【請求項６】 上流側水域は、水路の最上流側に区分さ
れて流入水を受け入れる受水域にフィルターを介して連
通し、その受水域には、天然鉱物濾材が充填されて有用
植物を植栽する通気・通水性の植生用カセットが着脱可
能に設置され、その下部に汚泥貯留槽部を有しているこ
とを特徴とする請求項４記載の有用植物を用いた水質浄
化装置。6. The upstream water area is divided at the most upstream side of the waterway and communicates with a water receiving area for receiving inflow water through a filter, and the water receiving area is filled with a natural mineral filter medium to plant useful plants. The water purification apparatus according to claim 4, wherein a ventilation / water-permeable vegetation cassette to be planted is detachably installed, and a sludge storage tank section is provided below the cassette. 【請求項７】 各区画水域の天然鉱物濾材は、水面より
も高く充填されていることを特徴とする請求項３，請求
項４，請求項６のうちのいずれか１項記載の有用植物を
用いた水質浄化装置。7. The useful plant according to any one of claims 3, 4 and 6, wherein the natural mineral filter medium in each sectioned water area is filled higher than the water surface. Water purification equipment used.
JP5181899A 1999-02-26 1999-02-26 Water purification method and apparatus using useful plant Expired - Lifetime JP3787610B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP5181899A JP3787610B2 (en) 1999-02-26 1999-02-26 Water purification method and apparatus using useful plant

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP5181899A JP3787610B2 (en) 1999-02-26 1999-02-26 Water purification method and apparatus using useful plant

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2000246283A true JP2000246283A (en) 2000-09-12
JP3787610B2 JP3787610B2 (en) 2006-06-21

Family

ID=12897489

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP5181899A Expired - Lifetime JP3787610B2 (en) 1999-02-26 1999-02-26 Water purification method and apparatus using useful plant

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP3787610B2 (en)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100424658B1 (en) * 2001-07-31 2004-03-24 주식회사 아썸 Wastewater treatment system based on ecological engineering and method the same
US6863816B2 (en) * 2002-06-17 2005-03-08 Dharma Living Systems, Inc. Tidal vertical flow wastewater treatment system and method
US7029586B2 (en) 2003-02-28 2006-04-18 Dharma Living Systems, Inc. Integrated tidal wastewater treatment system and method
JP2007209867A (en) * 2006-02-08 2007-08-23 Tadami Shigetome Water purification process
KR100818912B1 (en) 2006-07-19 2008-04-02 상 을 이 Waste Water Natural Purgation System Using Aquatic Trees and Plants
JP2008105017A (en) * 2006-09-29 2008-05-08 Dowa Holdings Co Ltd Method and apparatus for purifying water to be treated
JP2008168295A (en) * 2002-12-19 2008-07-24 Kato Construction Co Ltd Sludge treatment method for wetland-type water purification apparatus
FR2949225A1 (en) * 2009-08-24 2011-02-25 Aaccee Sarl Vogt Biological digestion process for settling and composting coarse refusals and solid wastes from domestic wastewater, comprises dissipating the wastes on a stainless steel grid, and depositing solids on sands by separation-settling process
JP2011239694A (en) * 2010-05-14 2011-12-01 Taisei Corp Water quality conservation method
CN104193078A (en) * 2014-07-25 2014-12-10 中国环境科学研究院 Device and method for treating phosphorus-containing organic wastewater by using A/O soil percolation systems
CN106477826A (en) * 2016-12-06 2017-03-08 衡阳茂晨农业开发有限公司 Rana grylia aquaculture wastewater artificial wet land treating method
CN109020099A (en) * 2018-10-15 2018-12-18 环境保护部南京环境科学研究所 A kind of printing and dyeing wastewater processing equipment and processing method
CN109133504A (en) * 2018-08-21 2019-01-04 杭州临安排水有限公司 A kind of sewage water advanced treatment apparatus based on glass pumice
CN109293167A (en) * 2018-11-15 2019-02-01 北京市农林科学院 A kind of biogas slurry nutrition efficient utilizes and environment control unit and application method
CN113072189A (en) * 2021-04-02 2021-07-06 西安航空学院 Ecological restoration method for lead-polluted water body
CN113800642A (en) * 2021-09-27 2021-12-17 浙江清天地环境工程有限公司 Ecological interception ditch for farmland runoff pollution

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103636481A (en) * 2013-12-27 2014-03-19 任立 Three-dimensional farming and breeding system for wet land protection
CN105906138A (en) * 2016-04-23 2016-08-31 桐乡市***海北圩水产专业合作社 Soft-shelled turtle greenhouse tail water treatment system

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100424658B1 (en) * 2001-07-31 2004-03-24 주식회사 아썸 Wastewater treatment system based on ecological engineering and method the same
US6863816B2 (en) * 2002-06-17 2005-03-08 Dharma Living Systems, Inc. Tidal vertical flow wastewater treatment system and method
US7214317B2 (en) 2002-06-17 2007-05-08 Dharma Living Systems, Inc. Tidal vertical flow wastewater treatment system and method
JP2008168295A (en) * 2002-12-19 2008-07-24 Kato Construction Co Ltd Sludge treatment method for wetland-type water purification apparatus
US7029586B2 (en) 2003-02-28 2006-04-18 Dharma Living Systems, Inc. Integrated tidal wastewater treatment system and method
JP2007209867A (en) * 2006-02-08 2007-08-23 Tadami Shigetome Water purification process
KR100818912B1 (en) 2006-07-19 2008-04-02 상 을 이 Waste Water Natural Purgation System Using Aquatic Trees and Plants
JP2008105017A (en) * 2006-09-29 2008-05-08 Dowa Holdings Co Ltd Method and apparatus for purifying water to be treated
FR2949225A1 (en) * 2009-08-24 2011-02-25 Aaccee Sarl Vogt Biological digestion process for settling and composting coarse refusals and solid wastes from domestic wastewater, comprises dissipating the wastes on a stainless steel grid, and depositing solids on sands by separation-settling process
JP2011239694A (en) * 2010-05-14 2011-12-01 Taisei Corp Water quality conservation method
CN104193078A (en) * 2014-07-25 2014-12-10 中国环境科学研究院 Device and method for treating phosphorus-containing organic wastewater by using A/O soil percolation systems
CN106477826A (en) * 2016-12-06 2017-03-08 衡阳茂晨农业开发有限公司 Rana grylia aquaculture wastewater artificial wet land treating method
CN109133504A (en) * 2018-08-21 2019-01-04 杭州临安排水有限公司 A kind of sewage water advanced treatment apparatus based on glass pumice
CN109020099A (en) * 2018-10-15 2018-12-18 环境保护部南京环境科学研究所 A kind of printing and dyeing wastewater processing equipment and processing method
CN109293167A (en) * 2018-11-15 2019-02-01 北京市农林科学院 A kind of biogas slurry nutrition efficient utilizes and environment control unit and application method
CN113072189A (en) * 2021-04-02 2021-07-06 西安航空学院 Ecological restoration method for lead-polluted water body
CN113800642A (en) * 2021-09-27 2021-12-17 浙江清天地环境工程有限公司 Ecological interception ditch for farmland runoff pollution

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP3787610B2 (en) 2006-06-21

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP3787610B2 (en) Water purification method and apparatus using useful plant
KR101295313B1 (en) A water purification device using aquatic plant
US8940170B2 (en) Triple-chambered wetland biofilter treatment system
US6264838B1 (en) On site waste water recycling system
CN206635120U (en) Mixed flow constructed wetland system
CN105776556A (en) Anti-clogging economic crop type filter bed-baffle subsurface flow constructed wetland enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal system
CN105800771B (en) Biological filter wall system
JP3482619B2 (en) Sludge treatment facility using reed and sludge treatment method
JP2005074407A (en) Water cleaning facility
CN208362108U (en) A kind of system carrying out aquiculture using recirculated water using biofilter-artificial swamp
CN107364973B (en) Sewage treatment system, application thereof and sewage treatment method
CN211521755U (en) Modularized artificial wetland suitable for low-temperature environment
JP2003019494A (en) Water cleaning method and equipment utilizing planting base plate
KR101614394B1 (en) multipurpose water quality purification apparatus using microorganism and plants
KR100680899B1 (en) Filteration method and apparatus of polluted water and sewage using microbial carriers
CN215855635U (en) Cascaded rural sewage ecological treatment system
CN109879536A (en) A kind of domestic sewage in rural areas purification system and purification method
CN116119859A (en) Ecological filtering method for rain and sewage overflow port treatment
JP2004082002A (en) Method of purifying water area
JP2614806B2 (en) Wastewater purification type waterway
CN113149371A (en) Stepped rural sewage ecological treatment system and treatment method thereof
KR19980043082A (en) Wastewater Natural Purification System Using Aquatic Plants
KR101554715B1 (en) Apparatus for purifying mine drainage with integrated flow channel and green tract
CN110963580A (en) Modular constructed wetland suitable for low-temperature environment and sewage treatment method
CN111943434A (en) Micro-polluted drinking water source biological ecological restoration system and method

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A977 Report on retrieval

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007

Effective date: 20040301

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20050329

A521 Written amendment

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20050526

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20051213

A521 Written amendment

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20060125

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20060221

R150 Certificate of patent or registration of utility model

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

R154 Certificate of patent or utility model (reissue)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R154

S533 Written request for registration of change of name

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313533

R350 Written notification of registration of transfer

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350

EXPY Cancellation because of completion of term