JP3482619B2 - Sludge treatment facility using reed and sludge treatment method - Google Patents
Sludge treatment facility using reed and sludge treatment methodInfo
- Publication number
- JP3482619B2 JP3482619B2 JP15649594A JP15649594A JP3482619B2 JP 3482619 B2 JP3482619 B2 JP 3482619B2 JP 15649594 A JP15649594 A JP 15649594A JP 15649594 A JP15649594 A JP 15649594A JP 3482619 B2 JP3482619 B2 JP 3482619B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- sludge
- water
- reed
- reeds
- roots
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Landscapes
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、自然の浄化機能を利用
できるヨシ（「葦（アシ）」ともいう）の水浄化能力を
生かした水浮上性汚染水浄化ユニットを利用するヘドロ
処理施設及びヘドロ処理方法に関する。The present invention relates to a f mud processing to utilize the water flying properties contaminated water purification units that were taking advantage of the water purification ability of the reed which can be used the natural purification function (also referred to as "reeds (reeds)") Facilities and sludge treatment method.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来技術及び解決すべき課題】産業の発達及び生活の
近代化などに伴って工場排水、都市排水などにより河川
などの汚染が広がり、その対策が問題となっている。ま
た沼、湿地、閉鎖性海域などの汚染も問題となってい
る。こうした河川や湖沼・海域には多くの魚類など動物
・植物が生活していることから、これら河川や湖沼・海
域の水の汚染や水質の悪化は大きくその生態系を破壊す
ることとなる。こうして汚濁河川や湖沼・閉鎖性海域な
どの水の浄化や生活排水の浄化は、環境破壊を防ぐ意味
でもますますその重要度が増加している。排水浄化施設
が設置されて水の浄化が図られてはいるが、その河川や
湖沼・海域の環境保全にあっては、できるならより自然
な形で浄化することのできる施設を用いることで行うこ
とが好ましいと考えられる。さらに、最近ではこのよう
な河川や湖沼・海域などの水の浄化にあたっては、自然
に備わった浄化作用を極力利用するのが好ましいと考え
られてもおり、また自然の景観を損なわないかつ比較的
コストのかからない方法が求められている。こうした観
点から、汚濁河川水の浄化や生活排水の浄化に水辺植物
であるホテイアオイやヨシなどを利用することが有望視
されている。ところがホテイアオイなどを浮かべて栄養
塩を植物に吸収させて水を処理する方法では、ホテイア
オイは水に浮かぶがその根はさして長くなく、表層水し
か浄化できないし、ホテイアオイはたとえ苦労して設け
ても越冬できないので毎年メインテナンスが必要になる
などの多くの問題がある。2. Description of the Related Art With the development of industry and modernization of life, pollution of rivers and the like is spreading due to factory drainage, urban drainage, etc., and countermeasures against it are becoming a problem. Pollution in swamps, wetlands and closed water areas is also a problem. Since many animals and plants such as fish live in these rivers, lakes and marshes and sea areas, water pollution and deterioration of water quality in these rivers, lakes and marshes and sea areas will seriously destroy the ecosystem. In this way, the purification of water such as polluted rivers, lakes and marshes and closed sea areas, and purification of domestic wastewater are becoming more important in terms of preventing environmental destruction. Although wastewater purification facilities have been installed to purify water, environmental conservation of rivers, lakes and marshes should be carried out by using facilities that can purify in a more natural form if possible. It is considered preferable. Furthermore, it has recently been considered that it is preferable to utilize the natural purifying action as much as possible in purifying water such as rivers, lakes and marine areas, and it does not damage the natural landscape and is relatively There is a need for an inexpensive method. From such a viewpoint, it is considered promising to use waterside plants such as water hyacinth and reed to purify polluted river water and domestic wastewater. However, in the method of floating water hyacinth and absorbing the nutrient salts by the plant and treating the water, the water hyacinth floats in the water, but its root is not so long and only the surface water can be purified, and even if water hyacinth is installed with difficulty There are many problems such as the need for maintenance every year because it cannot overwinter.
【０００３】一方、抽水植物であるヨシは、ホテイアオ
イに比較してその根が、長く水中深くまで伸びて密生す
ることから、そのヨシをうまく利用できればより浄化効
率を上げることができると期待されている。また、ヨシ
は耐塩性があるため河口域等の汽水性の海域にも適用可
能である。従来ヨシを用いた水質浄化は、土壌または礫
にヨシを植えつけ、汚濁水をその表層に流す表面流れ方
式（図１）や土壌５に浸透させる浸透流れ方式（図２）
によってその汚濁水を浄化しようとするものであった。
これらの方法では、ヨシ２の成長に伴う栄養塩（窒素、
リン）の吸収だけでなく、前者では汚濁水が土壌４，５
やヨシ２の茎と接触する過程で、沈殿や生物膜による分
解によって水質を浄化するものである。また後者では、
ヨシ２の根の表面に存在する微生物による分解や、土壌
４，５による濾過や吸着などの物理化学的過程により排
水が浄化されていると考えられる。なお、図中、１は汚
濁水、２はヨシ、３は処理水、４は土壌、５は土壌又は
礫である。しかし、表面流れ方式はヨシ２の植生面から
の水深が１０ｃｍ以下（寒冷期で４５ｃｍ以下）と、そ
れをそれほど深くできないため、浄化能を左右するヨシ
２の茎と接触する汚水との間で形成される生物膜の面積
が小さく、処理効率が悪いという問題がある。またその
方式ではヨシの茎の面を主として利用するため、茎より
もはるかに密生している根群を利用するに比べると効率
が非常に劣るという問題がある。また、浸透流れ方式で
は土壌４，５による目詰りがあるため、茎より密生して
いる根群を利用することはできるものの、処理水量を多
くできないなどの問題があった。このような問題のた
め、ヨシ２を用いた水質浄化は単位面積あたりの処理水
量が小さく、膨大な土地が必要になることが普及のネッ
クとなっていた。[0003] On the other hand, the reed plant, Reed, has roots that extend longer and deeper in water than that of Water Hyacinth, and are densely populated. Therefore, if the reed can be used effectively, it is expected that the purification efficiency can be further improved. There is. In addition, because reed is salt-resistant, it can be applied to brackish waters such as estuaries. Conventionally, water purification using reeds involves planting reeds in the soil or gravel and flowing contaminated water to the surface layer (Fig. 1) or permeation flow system (Fig. 2) that permeates soil 5.
It was intended to purify the polluted water.
In these methods, nutrients (nitrogen,
In addition to absorbing phosphorus, polluted water in the former is not
In the process of contact with the stem of the reed 2, the water quality is purified by precipitation and decomposition by biofilm. And in the latter,
It is considered that the wastewater is purified by decomposition by microorganisms existing on the root surface of Reed 2 and physicochemical processes such as filtration and adsorption by soils 4 and 5. In the figure, 1 is polluted water, 2 is reed, 3 is treated water, 4 is soil, and 5 is soil or gravel. However, the surface flow method is such that the depth of water from the vegetation surface of Reed 2 is 10 cm or less (45 cm or less in the cold season) and it cannot be so deep, so between the sewage that contacts the stem of Reed 2 that affects the purification capacity. There is a problem that the area of the formed biofilm is small and the treatment efficiency is poor. Moreover, in this method, since the surface of the stem of the reed is mainly used, there is a problem that the efficiency is extremely inferior as compared with the case where a much denser root group is used than the stem. Further, in the infiltration flow method, since there is clogging by soils 4 and 5, it is possible to use a root group that is denser than the stem, but there is a problem that the amount of treated water cannot be increased. Due to such a problem, water purification using Reed 2 has a small amount of treated water per unit area and requires a huge amount of land, which has been a bottleneck in widespread use.
【０００４】類似の技術として礫間接触酸化法による河
川浄化の技術もあるが、礫の間に捕捉した汚泥により目
詰まりが生ずることや、汚泥から栄養塩が回帰するとい
う問題もある。また水を処理するための接触材を充填す
ることが必要になるという問題があった。さらに酸素を
供給して好気的に維持するため曝気するための手段を必
要とする。また、別の問題として、富栄養化した汚濁水
域、例えば湖沼・閉鎖性海域などには、栄養塩を多量に
含むヘドロが底部に沈積しており、これが溶出して藻類
の異常発生を引き起こすという問題もある。一旦、藻類
が大量に発生したりすると魚類、貝などが酸素不足など
で大量死するなど生態系が破壊されることとなるし、ヘ
ドロに起因する悪臭なども耐えがたいものである。ヘド
ロの堆積物により派生する問題を解決するためには、一
般的にはそのヘドロを浚渫して除去することによる水質
の改善策が施されている。つまりヘドロの浚渫は水域浄
化の基本施策として各地で実施されている。しかしなが
ら、浚渫されたヘドロはそれを処分するための場所やそ
れにより生じる２次公害対策の問題があり、その対策に
苦慮しているのが現状である。このような汚濁水の浄化
などの対策に上記したように抽水植物のヨシを利用する
ことが考えられているが、これまでの方法では満足でき
る結果しか得られていない。さらに、ヨシを利用するた
めヨシの茎を用いてヨシの移植を行う方法では、ヨシの
茎を大量に入手しなければならないためどうしても既存
のヨシの生えている湿地から採取してくる必要がある
が、ヨシの生えている湿地からのヨシの茎の採取にはそ
こが湿地帯ということもあり多大の労力がかかり、大変
であった。さらにこうして得られたヨシの茎もその活着
率は非常に悪く、その上既存のヨシ群落の生態系をも破
壊するという問題もある。As a similar technique, there is a river purification technique by an inter-gravel catalytic oxidation method, but there are also problems that clogging is caused by sludge trapped between the gravel and nutrient salts return from the sludge. Further, there is a problem that it is necessary to fill a contact material for treating water. In addition, it requires means for aerating to supply oxygen and maintain aerobic. Another problem is that in eutrophied polluted water areas, such as lakes and closed sea areas, sludge containing a large amount of nutrient salts is deposited at the bottom, which elutes and causes abnormal generation of algae. There are also problems. Once a large amount of algae is generated, the ecosystem will be destroyed, such as fish and shellfish dying in large numbers due to lack of oxygen, etc., and the malodor caused by sludge is intolerable. In order to solve problems caused by sludge deposits, water quality improvement measures are generally taken by dredging and removing the sludge. In other words, the dredging of sludge is carried out in various places as a basic measure for water purification. However, the dredged sludge has a problem of the place to dispose of it and the secondary pollution countermeasures caused by it, and it is the current situation that the countermeasures are difficult. As mentioned above, it is considered to use the reed of the extracted plant as a measure for such purification of the polluted water, but only the satisfactory results have been obtained by the conventional methods. In addition, the method of carrying out the transplantation of Yoshi by using a reed stalk to take advantage of the reed, there is a need to come collected from wetlands that are really growing of existing Yoshi for must obtain the stems of reeds in large quantities However, it took a lot of labor to collect the stems of the reeds from the wetlands where the reeds were growing, because it was a wetland. Furthermore, the survival rate of the stems of the reeds thus obtained is very poor, and there is also the problem that the existing ecosystem of reeds is destroyed.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者等は、これらヨ
シの特性を有効利用する道を見いだすべく鋭意研究した
結果、工業的に種子から簡単にヨシを育てるのに適した
苗床を使用し、さらにその苗床と水浮上性構造体とを組
み合わせて用いれば、既存のヨシの生態系を破壊しない
で、簡便かつ確実に、低いコストで、ヨシの浮遊体群落
から懸垂した根群を水処理用接触材として設けることが
できることを見出し、本発明に到達したものである。か
くして、本発明は、ヨシの生育する苗床を、該苗床中の
培養用土底部が浸水可能となるよう水浮上性構造体に固
定せしめ、汚染水浄化作用に適するようにされているヨ
シを利用する汚染水浄化ユニットを提供し、さらにはそ
の水浮上性のヨシを利用する汚染水浄化ユニットを汚染
水浄化用水路に浮遊可能に配置しかつ流水可能とした汚
染水浄化装置を提供するものである。そして、本発明に
従えば、ヘドロ沈積汚濁水域から浚渫したヘドロ堆積区
画内に、上記水浮上性のヨシを利用する汚染水浄化ユニ
ットが設置され、ヨシによりヘドロの安定化及び汚濁水
の浄化を図ることを特徴とするヨシを利用するヘドロ処
理施設が提供される。特に、ヘドロ沈積汚濁水域に、該
水域一定部分の周囲を取り囲む閉鎖系を形成する区画を
設置し、次に該区画内に浚渫したヘドロを堆積後、ヨシ
の生育する苗床を該苗床中の培養用土底部が浸水可能と
なるよう水浮上性構造体に固定せしめてありかつ浄化作
用に適するようにされているヨシを利用する汚染水浄化
ユニットを、該区画内に設置し、ヨシの根が十分に堆積
ヘドロ内に伸長するまで生育させ、該ヨシを利用する汚
染水浄化ユニットと堆積ヘドロとが一体化した後、浄化
されるべき水を通水可能な状態とし、ヨシを利用してヘ
ドロの安定化と汚濁水を処理するところのヘドロ処理方
法が提供される。Means for Solving the Problems As a result of intensive studies to find a way to effectively utilize the characteristics of these reeds, the present inventors have used a nursery suitable for easily growing reeds industrially from seeds. Moreover, if the nursery and the water-floating structure are used in combination, the roots suspended from the floating reed community can be treated easily and reliably at low cost without destroying the existing reed ecosystem. The inventors of the present invention have found that they can be provided as a contact material for automobiles and arrived at the present invention. Thus, the present invention utilizes a reed adapted to fix the contaminated water by fixing the nursery bed on which the reed grows to the water floating structure so that the soil bottom of the reed for cultivation can be submerged. The present invention provides a contaminated water purification unit, and further provides a contaminated water purification device in which a contaminated water purification unit that uses the water-floating reed is floatably arranged in a contaminated water purification channel and is capable of flowing water. Then , according to the present invention, a contaminated water purification unit that uses the water-floating reed is installed in the sludge accumulation section dredged from the sludge-deposited polluted water area, and the sled stabilizes sludge and purifies the contaminated water. A sludge treatment facility utilizing reeds is provided which is characterized by the aim. In particular, in the sludge-deposited polluted water area, a section that forms a closed system that surrounds the surrounding part of the water area is installed, and then dredged sludge is deposited in the section, and then the nursery where the reed grows is cultivated in the nursery. Install a contaminated water purification unit that uses reeds that are fixed to the water-floating structure so that the soil bottom part can be flooded and that is suitable for purification action, and install the reed roots sufficiently After the polluted water purification unit that uses the reed and the accumulated sludge are integrated, the water to be purified is allowed to pass through, and the reed is used to rehydrate the sludge. A sludge treatment method for stabilizing and treating polluted water is provided.
【０００６】すなわち、本発明を整理して記載すると以
下のとおりである。（１）ヘドロ沈積汚濁水域から浚渫
したヘドロ堆積区画内に、ヨシの苗床を、該苗床中の少
なくとも培養用土底部が浸水可能となるよう水浮上性構
造体に固定せしめて構成したヨシを利用する汚染水浄化
ユニットが設置され、ヨシによりヘドロの安定化及び汚
濁水の浄化を図ることを特徴とするヨシを利用するヘド
ロ処理施設。（２）ヘドロ沈積汚濁水域に、該水域の一
定部分の周囲を取り囲んで閉鎖系を形成する区画を設置
し、該区画内には浚渫したヘドロが堆積され、ヨシの苗
床を、該苗床中の少なくとも培養用土底部が浸水可能と
なるよう水浮上性構造体に固定せしめて構成したヨシを
利用する汚染水浄化ユニットが、該区画内に設置してあ
って、ヨシの根が十分に堆積ヘドロ内に伸長するまで生
育させることができ、該ヨシを利用する汚染水浄化ユニ
ットと堆積ヘドロとが一体化した後には、浄化されるべ
き水が通水可能な状態となることができることを特徴と
するヨシを利用するヘドロ処理施設。（３）ヨシの生育
する苗床が、合成樹脂製の網状容器の中にピートモスを
主成分とした培養用土を詰めたものである前記（１）又
は（２）に記載のヨシを利用するヘドロ処理施設。
（４）水浮上性構造体が、発泡合成樹脂で作られている
前記（１）又は（２）記載のヨシを利用するヘドロ処理
施設。That is, the present invention is summarized and described as follows. (1) Utilizing a reed constructed by fixing a nursery bed of a reed to a water floating structure so that at least the soil bottom for cultivation in the nursery can be submerged in the sludge sedimentation section dredged from the sludge sedimented polluted water area. A sludge treatment facility that uses reeds, which is equipped with a contaminated water purification unit to stabilize sludge and purify contaminated water. (2) In the sludge-deposited polluted water area, a section that surrounds a certain part of the water area to form a closed system is installed, and dredged sludge is accumulated in the section, and the reed nursery at least culture soil bottom contaminated water purification unit utilizing reed constructed by allowed fixed water floating structure body so as to be capable flooded, with each other and installed in the compartment, sludge roots reed is sufficiently deposited It can be grown until it grows inward, and after the contaminated water purification unit using the reed and the sludge are integrated, the water to be purified can pass through. Sludge processing facility that uses reeds. (3) seedbed for growth of surplus is, utilize the reed according to the above are those filled with culture soil which was composed mainly of peat moss in the synthetic resin mesh container (1) or (2) sludge Processing facility.
(4) A sludge treatment facility using the reed according to (1) or (2), wherein the water-floating structure is made of a foamed synthetic resin.
【０００７】（５）ヘドロ沈積汚濁水域に、該水域の一
定部分の周囲を取り囲んで閉鎖系を形成する区画を設置
し、次に該区画内に浚渫したヘドロを堆積後、ヨシの苗
床を、該苗床中の少なくとも培養用土底部が浸水可能と
なるよう水浮上性構造体に固定せしめて構成したヨシを
利用する汚染水浄化ユニットを該区画内に設置し、ヨシ
の根が十分に堆積ヘドロ内に伸長するまで生育させ、該
ヨシを利用する汚染水浄化ユニットと堆積ヘドロとが一
体化した後、浄化用水を通水可能な状態とすることを特
徴とするヨシを利用するヘドロ処理方法。（６）ヘドロ
が堆積している水域の一部を、木柵で囲い、その囲いの
内側に浚渫ヘドロの余剰水を排出できる孔を有する浮体
遮水シートを設置し、余剰水排出口の周囲には、シルト
プロテクターを設置し、該ヘドロ沈積汚濁水域に設けら
れた該水域の一定部分の周囲を取り囲む閉鎖系を形成す
る区画に、ヘドロが堆積している水域のヘドロを浚渫し
て投入し、該柵の高さまで充填し、ヘドロの浚渫が終了
後、次にヨシの苗床を、該苗床中の少なくとも培養用土
底部が浸水可能となるよう水浮上性構造体に固定せしめ
て構成した汚染水浄化ユニットを浮体遮水シートの内側
に浮かべ、浮体ヨシが生育し、ヨシの根群が水域からヘ
ドロの内部に伸長し、浮体ヨシ群落とヘドロが一体化し
た段階で、浮体遮水シートの浮き子を撤去し、シートを
沈めるか取り除き、外部水域との間で水の交換が可能な
状態にする前記（５）記載のヨシを利用するヘドロ処理
方法。(5) In the sludge-deposited polluted water area, a section that surrounds a certain part of the water area to form a closed system is installed, and after the dredged sludge is deposited in the section, the reed nursery is contaminated water purification unit in which at least culture soil bottom of該苗bed utilizes a reed which is constructed allowed fixed water floating structure body so as to be capable flooded placed in the compartment, the roots are sufficiently deposited sludge reed A sludge treatment method using reeds, characterized in that the contaminated water purification unit that utilizes the reeds and the accumulated sludge are integrated, and then the purified water is allowed to pass therethrough. (6) A part of the water area where the sludge is accumulated is surrounded by a wooden fence, and a floating water impermeable sheet with holes for discharging the excess water of the dredged sludge is installed inside the enclosure, and around the excess water discharge port. Is installed a silt protector, in the section forming a closed system surrounding the perimeter of a certain part of the water area provided in the sludge sediment polluted water area, dredging the sludge in the water area where the sludge is deposited, filled to a height of該柵, after dredging sludge is completed, the nursery reed, contaminated water at least culture soil bottom in該苗bed was constructed allowed fixed water floating structure body so as to be capable flooding Floating the purification unit on the inside of the floating impermeable sheet, the floating reed grows, the roots of the reed extend from the water area to the inside of the sludge, and when the floating reed community and sled are integrated, the floating impermeable sheet floats. Remove the child, sink the seat Or removed, sludge processing method utilizing a reed of the (5) according to the replacement state capable of water to and from the external water.
【０００８】本発明で用いられる苗床としては、ヨシを
種子から育成するに適した苗床であり、例えば素焼き容
器、合成樹脂製の容器の中にピートモスなどを主成分と
した培養用土を詰めたものなど、市販の植物を種から育
てるに適したものが挙げられる。該容器としては、培養
用土などを保持できれば特に限定されないが、通気性、
通水性などが十分確保できるものが好ましく、さらにヨ
シの成長に伴い根などの伸長するのを妨げないものが好
ましく、網状のもの、多孔性のものなどが挙げられる。
また容器は自然に還元可能な材料とすることもできる。
合成樹脂製の網状容器に用いられる合成樹脂としては、
塩化ビニル樹脂、ポリエチレン樹脂、ポリプロピレン樹
脂、ポリスチレン樹脂などが挙げられる。苗床に用いら
れる培養用土としては、市販されているものの中から選
んで用いることができ、主としてピートモス、バーミキ
ュライト、腐葉土、パーライト、川砂、水苔などを用
い、必要に応じ、それらを単独で用いてもよいし又は互
いに適当に配合してあるもので、窒素、リン、カリなど
の発芽・生育に必要な栄養素の配合してあるものが挙げ
られる。容器の形状は、通常は円筒状であっても箱型状
であってもよく、合成樹脂製の網で円筒などの周りが型
崩れしないようにされたものが挙げられる。こうした苗
床としては、市販されているものの中から選んで用いる
ことができ、例えばジーフィー７などの商品名で売られ
ているものなどが挙げられる。代表的な苗床では、約５
ｃｍの直径の円柱で、主としてピートモスを用土として
いるものが挙げられる。代表的な本発明で用いられる苗
床としては、図３に斜視図で符号８として示されるよう
なものが挙げられる。The nursery bed used in the present invention is a nursery bed suitable for growing reeds from seeds, for example, a unglazed container or a container made of synthetic resin and filled with cultivation soil containing peat moss as a main component. And the like, which are suitable for growing commercially available plants from seeds. The container is not particularly limited as long as it can hold culture soil, etc.
It is preferable that water permeability and the like can be sufficiently ensured, and it is preferable that the roots and the like are not hindered from growing along with the growth of reeds. Examples thereof include reticulated ones and porous ones.
The container can also be a naturally reducible material.
As the synthetic resin used in the synthetic resin mesh container,
Examples thereof include vinyl chloride resin, polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin and polystyrene resin. As the culture soil used for the nursery, it can be used by selecting from those commercially available, mainly using peat moss, vermiculite, mulch, perlite, river sand, water moss, etc., if necessary, by using them alone Or those which are appropriately mixed with each other, and those which are mixed with nutrients necessary for germination and growth such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potash. The shape of the container may be generally cylindrical or box-shaped, and examples thereof include those in which the circumference of the cylinder or the like is prevented from losing its shape by a net made of synthetic resin. As such a nursery bed, one selected from commercially available ones can be used, and examples include those sold under the product name such as Gee-Fee 7. A typical nursery has about 5
Cylinders with a diameter of cm are mainly used for peat moss. As a typical nursery bed used in the present invention, the one shown by reference numeral 8 in a perspective view in FIG. 3 can be mentioned.
【０００９】本発明では、自然に植生しているヨシから
種子を採取し、次に図３に示される苗床８（型崩れしな
いよう合成樹脂製の網で囲まれている）にその種子７を
植えて、必要に応じ、発芽やその生育などを促進させな
がら、例えばビニールハウスなどで保温下育成し、十分
移植に耐えられるまで成長させたヨシの苗とする。例え
ば、約５ｃｍ〜約３５ｃｍの背丈あるいはそれ以上の背
丈のヨシの苗となるようにすることができる。本発明に
従い、こうして得られたヨシの生育する苗床は、水浮上
性構造体に該苗床中の培養用土底部が浸水可能となるよ
うに固定せしめられる。該水浮上性構造体としては、水
に対してヨシの生育する苗床を十分浮上させておくだけ
の浮力を有するものでありかつヨシの生育する苗床をと
ころどころに取付け可能となっているものであればその
材質や形状は、特に限定されない。構造体に用いる材料
としては、例えば水より小さな比重を有する合成樹脂か
らなるものや発泡加工されたものが挙げられる。また構
造体は自然に還元可能な材料から作ることもできる。合
成樹脂としては、例えばポリスチレン樹脂、ポリ塩化ビ
ニル樹脂、ポリエチレン樹脂、アクリル樹脂、ポリプロ
ピレン樹脂、ポリカーボネイト樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂、
ポリアセタール樹脂、ポリブチレンテレフタレート樹
脂、ポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂、変成ポリフェニ
レンエーテル、エポキシ樹脂、不飽和ポリエステル樹
脂、ポリウレタン樹脂、フェノール樹脂、ユリア樹脂、
メラミン樹脂、シリコーン樹脂などが挙げられる。In the present invention, seeds are collected from reeds that are naturally vegetated, and the seeds 7 are then placed in a nursery 8 (enclosed by a net made of synthetic resin so as not to lose its shape) shown in FIG. Reed seedlings that have been planted and, if necessary, promoted germination and growth, are grown in a greenhouse, for example, while keeping them warm, and grown until they can withstand transplanting sufficiently. For example, a reed seedling having a height of about 5 cm to about 35 cm or more can be obtained. According to the present invention, the thus-obtained nursery bed on which the reed grows is fixed to the water-floating structure so that the soil bottom for cultivation in the nursery bed can be submerged. As the water-floating structure, one having a buoyancy force sufficient to float a nursery bed on which reeds grow in water, and a nursery bed on which reeds can grow can be attached in various places. The material and the shape thereof are not particularly limited. Examples of the material used for the structure include a synthetic resin having a specific gravity smaller than that of water and a foamed material. The structure can also be made from naturally reducible materials. Examples of the synthetic resin include polystyrene resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, polyethylene resin, acrylic resin, polypropylene resin, polycarbonate resin, polyamide resin,
Polyacetal resin, polybutylene terephthalate resin, polyethylene terephthalate resin, modified polyphenylene ether, epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester resin, polyurethane resin, phenol resin, urea resin,
Examples include melamine resin and silicone resin.
【００１０】形状は、スポンジブロック状のもの、ヘチ
マ状になっている平面ブロック状のものあるいは逆台形
のユニットを組み合わせた型のものなどが挙げられる。
さらにハニカム状の構造、断面Ｓ字状または波状のコア
ーを持つ構造、キルティング状の連続体、格子状、網
状、波状、管状、球状などの断面をもつ構造材からでき
ているものなどが挙げられる。該水浮上性構造体として
は、好ましくは厚さ約１０〜約２５ｃｍのヘチマ状に成
型され、水に対してヨシの生成する苗床を十分浮上させ
ておくだけの浮力を有する構造のものが挙げられる。例
えば、比重約０．９３の市販の浮上性樹脂成型体で作ら
れたものが挙げられ、その代表的な形状は図４に一部断
面斜視図として符号１０で示すものが挙げられる。ヨシ
の生育する苗床８は、例えば厚さ約１５〜約２０ｃｍの
ヘチマ状に成型されたその水浮上性構造体１０に竹串９
などを用いて固定される。その代表的な固定法の例は、
図５に模式的に示される。本発明の汚染水浄化ユニット
は、ヨシの生育する苗床の培地の底部が水に浸かるだけ
でそのユニット自体は水面に浮かぶので、ヨシ植生の下
側の所に浄化すべき汚染水を流すことが可能になる。た
とえ、湖沼などに隣接したような環境で、水量が一時的
に増えてもヨシの生育する苗床が全部冠水することがな
く、ヨシの生育に適した環境を絶えず維持できるので、
特にヨシの移植初期などでもヨシの生育により適した条
件がえられる。また、ヨシが成長し、自重で沈むことが
あってもヨシ自体が水に浮くので浮上性構造体が底まで
沈むことはない。また、その流水の水深は、根の成長に
応じて変えることも可能であり、例えば水深を約１ｍあ
るいはそれ以上まで伸ばすことができ、処理水とヨシの
根群の表面との間で形成される生物膜の面積を大きくす
ることができ、流すことのできる処理水の単位量を大き
くできる。Examples of the shape include a sponge block shape, a flat block shape of a loofah shape, or a type in which inverted trapezoidal units are combined.
Further, a honeycomb structure, a structure having an S-shaped or wavy core in cross section, a quilted continuous body, a structure made of a structural material having a cross section such as a lattice, a net, a wavy shape, a tubular shape, or a spherical shape can be given. . The water-floating structure preferably has a structure that is formed into a loofah shape having a thickness of about 10 to about 25 cm and has a buoyancy force sufficient to float a nursery bed produced by Reed against water. To be For example, a commercially available floatable resin molded product having a specific gravity of about 0.93 may be used, and a typical shape thereof is that shown by reference numeral 10 as a partial sectional perspective view in FIG. The nursery bed 8 on which the reeds grow is, for example, a bamboo skewer 9 on a water-floating structure 10 formed into a loofah shape having a thickness of about 15 to about 20 cm.
It is fixed using. An example of the typical fixing method is
It is shown schematically in FIG. In the contaminated water purification unit of the present invention, the bottom of the medium of the nursery bed on which the reed grows is only submerged in water, and the unit itself floats on the water surface, so that the contaminated water to be purified can flow to the lower part of the reed vegetation. It will be possible. For example, in an environment adjacent to a lake or the like, even if the amount of water temporarily increases, the nursery where the reed grows will not be submerged, and it is possible to constantly maintain an environment suitable for the growth of the reed,
Especially, even in the initial stage of transplantation of reeds, conditions suitable for the growth of reeds can be obtained. Even if the reed grows and sinks under its own weight, the reed itself floats in the water, so the floating structure does not sink to the bottom. Further, the depth of the flowing water can be changed according to the growth of roots, for example, the water depth can be extended to about 1 m or more, and it is formed between the treated water and the surface of the root group of reeds. The area of the biofilm can be increased, and the unit amount of treated water that can be flowed can be increased.
【００１１】本発明に係る汚染水浄化ユニットは、汚染
水浄化用水路に浮遊可能に配置することもできる。この
汚染水浄化用水路は、汚濁水の流入側から処理水の流出
側に沿って該汚染水浄化ユニットが配置され、流入側か
ら流れ込んだ汚濁水は該汚染水浄化ユニットに生育して
いるヨシの根群の間を通って処理水の流出側まで流れ
る。該浄化用水路の流出側には越流堤が設けられ、処理
水はこの堤を越えて流れ出る。図６に代表的な汚染水浄
化用水路の構造が示してある。越流堤はヨシの根の生育
度にあわせてその高さを調節できる。こうして汚水処理
の至適環境を維持できる。汚染水浄化ユニットは絶えず
水面に浮上していることから、汚濁水はヨシの根群に形
成される大きな容量の生物膜と接触することとなる。ヨ
シの根は、茎に比べてその数が極めて多く、かつその成
長速度も早いし、更にその長さも約１ｍあるいはそれ以
上まで伸ばすことができる。こうして根の間を通る間に
汚濁水中の浮遊物質はヨシの根の間に捕捉される。しか
し、ヨシの根の間の空隙率は土壌などに比してはるかに
大きいので目詰まりしづらく、もし目詰まりしてもその
ままヨシ湿地として有効利用できること、さらに汚泥中
の栄養塩をヨシが吸収して、水系に栄養塩が溶けだすこ
とを防ぐという利点が得られる。上記によれば、ヨシの
根による接触沈殿、接触酸化、栄養塩吸収作用を最大限
生かすことが可能であり、水路の底層水まで処理できる
ので浄化効率が高い。The contaminated water purification unit according to the present invention can be arranged so as to be floatable in the contaminated water purification channel . In this contaminated water purification waterway, the contaminated water purification unit is arranged from the contaminated water inflow side to the treated water outflow side, and the contaminated water flowing in from the inflow side is regenerated by the reeds growing in the contaminated water purification unit. It flows between the root groups to the outflow side of the treated water. An overflow bank is provided on the outflow side of the purification waterway, and the treated water flows out beyond this bank. FIG. 6 shows the structure of a typical contaminated water purification channel. The height of the overflow bank can be adjusted according to the growth level of the roots of the reed. In this way, the optimum environment for sewage treatment can be maintained. Since the contaminated water purification unit is constantly floating on the water surface, the contaminated water comes into contact with a large amount of biofilm formed in the roots of the reed. The number of reed roots is much larger than that of the stems, the growth rate thereof is faster, and the length thereof can be extended to about 1 m or more. Thus, suspended matter in polluted water is trapped between the roots of reeds while passing between the roots. However, the porosity between the roots of reed is much larger than that of soil, so it is hard to clog, and even if it is clogged, it can be effectively used as a reed wetland as it is, and the nutrients in the sludge are absorbed by reed. Then, there is an advantage that the nutrient salt is prevented from dissolving in the water system. According to the above , it is possible to maximize the effects of contact precipitation, contact oxidation, and nutrient salt absorption by the roots of reeds, and it is possible to treat even the bottom water of the waterway, so the purification efficiency is high.
【００１２】なお、ヨシは多年草であり、越冬できるの
で永続的にその施設で使用でき、毎年維持管理のための
作業などは不要である。ヨシはその根から酸素を外部に
供給するので、根に付着するところのいわゆる生物膜は
好気的に維持され、したがって曝気の必要はなく、施設
の運転費を安くできる。 Since the reed is a perennial plant and can overwinter, it can be used permanently at the facility and no maintenance work is required every year. Since the reeds supply oxygen from the roots to the outside, the so-called biofilms that attach to the roots are maintained aerobically, thus eliminating the need for aeration and reducing facility operating costs.
【００１３】本発明に係る汚染水浄化ユニットは、浚渫
ヘドロの安定化及びそのような場所での汚濁水の浄化に
用いて有用である。図７には、富栄養化した汚濁水域の
状況を一部断面斜視図として模式的に示す。図８に示す
ごとく、こうしたヘドロ１４が堆積している水域の一部
を、例えば柵（木棚）１５で囲い、その囲いの内側に浚
渫ヘドロの余剰水を排出できる孔（余剰水排出口）１７
を有する浮体遮水シート１６を設置する。余剰水排出口
１７の周囲には、シルトプロテクター１８を設置するこ
とが好ましい。柵１５での囲いは当該水域の中央部でも
沿岸部でもいずれにも設けることもできる。その場所は
景観、自然との調和、コストなどを勘案して選定される
ことができる。該柵は、木製、竹製などであってよく、
水面下が約４０ｃｍ〜約１５０ｃｍとなるようにするこ
とができる。柵は浚渫したヘドロが囲いの外に流出しな
いようなものであれば特に限定されない。上記のように
ヘドロ沈積汚濁水域に設けられた該水域一定部分の周囲
を取り囲む閉鎖系を形成する区画に、ヘドロが堆積して
いる水域のヘドロを浚渫して投入する。投入にあたって
は、ヘドロに起因する悪臭などが飛散しないように、パ
イプラインなどの当該分野で知られた機械装置などを用
いて、例えば、水面外へヘドロを晒さないようにして浚
渫し堆積することが好ましい。こうしてヘドロは該柵の
高さまで充填する。 The contaminated water purification unit according to the present invention is useful for stabilizing dredging sludge and purifying polluted water in such a place. FIG. 7 schematically shows the state of the eutrophied polluted water area as a partial cross-sectional perspective view. Shown in FIG.
As described above, a part of the water area where such sludge 14 is accumulated is surrounded by, for example, a fence (wooden shelf) 15 , and a hole (excess water discharge port) 17 for discharging excess water of the dredged sludge inside the enclosure 17
The floating body water blocking sheet 16 having the above is installed. Excess water outlet
It is preferable to install a silt protector 18 around the area 17 . The fence 15 can be provided both at the center of the body of water and at the coast. The location can be selected in consideration of the landscape, harmony with nature, cost, etc. The fence may be made of wood, bamboo, etc.,
Below the surface of the water can be about 40 cm to about 150 cm. The fence is not particularly limited as long as the dredged sludge does not flow out of the enclosure. As described above, the sludge in the water area where the sludge is accumulated is dredged and put into the section that forms a closed system that surrounds the constant part of the water area provided in the sludge sedimented polluted water area. When throwing in, use a mechanical device known in the relevant field such as a pipeline to prevent foul odor caused by sludge from scattering, for example, dredging and depositing without exposing sludge to the surface of the water. Is preferred. Thus sludge is that be filled up to a height of 該柵.
【００１４】こうしてヘドロの浚渫が終了したら、次に
本発明に係る汚染水浄化ユニットを浮体遮水シート１６
の内側に浮かべる。本発明に従っての浮体ヨシ群落形成
施設を図９に模式的に示す。こうして浮体ヨシが生育
し、ヨシの根群が水域からヘドロ１４の内部に伸長し、
浮体ヨシ群落とヘドロが一体化した段階で、浮体遮水シ
ート１６の浮き子を撤去し、シートを沈めるか取り除
き、外部水域との間で水の交換が可能な状態にする。こ
こで浮体ヨシ群落とヘドロが一体化した段階とは、ヨシ
の根群がヘドロ内に伸長繁茂し、浮体ヨシからなる汚染
水浄化ユニットが十分固定化され移動しなくなった状態
を指す。浮体ヨシ群落は、区画を形成している柵の存在
下でヘドロと一体化しているか、あるいは任意に必要に
応じ、柵の一部又は全部を除いた状態でヘドロと一体化
していてよい。本発明に従っての浮体ヨシ群落形成施設
とヘドロとが一体化した模様を図１０に模式的に示す。
こうすることでヘドロ１４に含まれていた栄養塩は、ヨ
シ２の根から吸収され、ヨシ２の成長などに利用され、
その溶出は抑制される。汚濁水は、ヨシの根群中を吹送
流などの自然エネルギーによる通水で、ヨシの根群によ
り接触沈殿や接触酸化作用により浄化される。通水を確
保するため、機械的な手段を講ずることもできる。上記
した原理に基づいたヘドロの処理方法もまた本発明の一
部を成すものである。When the dredging of the sludge is completed in this way, the contaminated water purification unit according to the present invention is then installed in the floating body water blocking sheet 16.
Float inside. A floating body reed community formation facility according to the present invention is schematically shown in FIG. In this way, the floating reed grows, the roots of the reed extend from the water to the inside of the sludge 14 ,
At the stage where the floating reed community and sludge are integrated, the float of the floating water impermeable sheet 16 is removed, and the sheet is sunk or removed so that water can be exchanged with the external water area. Here, the stage where the floating reed community and sludge are integrated refers to a state in which the root group of reed grows and grows in the sludge, and the contaminated water purification unit consisting of the floating reed is sufficiently fixed and does not move. The floating reed community may be integrated with the sludge in the presence of a fence forming a compartment, or optionally, with some or all of the fence removed, integrated with the sludge. FIG. 10 schematically shows a pattern in which the floating body reed community formation facility and sludge according to the present invention are integrated.
Nutrient contained in sludge 14 in this way is absorbed from the roots of Yo <br/> sheet 2, it is utilized, such as the growth of the reed 2,
Its elution is suppressed. The polluted water is water that flows through the roots of the reeds by natural energy such as air flow, and is purified by the contact roots and the catalytic oxidation by the roots of the reeds. Mechanical means may be taken to secure water flow. A method for treating sludge based on the above principle also forms part of the present invention.
【００１５】本発明のヘドロ処理法によれば、富栄養化
した汚濁水域内から浚渫ヘドロを外部に持ち出さないで
処分でき、運送などのコスト、労力がかからない。また
水面下に浚渫ヘドロを充填したままヨシを植栽できるの
で臭気などの二次公害の問題が少ない。浚渫ヘドロに直
接ヨシを植栽せず浮体構造物にヨシを植栽し、その浮体
構造物を浮遊配置すればよいことから、施工性が良く、
労力もかからず、コストを大幅に節減できる。ヨシがヘ
ドロの栄養塩を吸収するとともに、ヨシの根群が接触沈
殿及び接触酸化作用に関与でき、安価にヘドロの安定化
が可能である。またヘドロの安定化が済んだ後には、そ
のままヨシはさらに該水域の水の浄化に寄与できる。ヨ
シを利用しているので、植生による緑豊かな景観が作ら
れ、さらにヨシを主とした植物による浄化であることか
らより自然な生態系が創出できる。According to the sludge treatment method of the present invention, the dredged sludge can be disposed of in the eutrophied polluted water area without taking it out, and the cost and labor for transportation and the like are not required. In addition, since reeds can be planted under the surface of the water while the dredging sludge is filled, there is little problem of secondary pollution such as odor. Reeds are not planted directly on the dredged sled, but reeds are planted on the floating structure, and the floating structure can be placed in a floating manner, so workability is good,
It is labor-saving and can save a lot of cost. While the reeds absorb the nutrient salts of the sludge, the root groups of the reeds can participate in the contact precipitation and the catalytic oxidation action, and the sludge can be stabilized at low cost. Moreover, after the stabilization of sludge is completed, the reed can directly contribute to the purification of water in the water area. Since reeds are used, a lush landscape is created by vegetation, and a more natural ecosystem can be created because it is purified by plants mainly reeds.
【００１６】[0016]
【実施例】次に実施例を示して、本発明を更に具体的に
説明するが、本発明はこの具体例により限定されるもの
でなく、その思想に従うかぎり各種の形態で実施できる
ことは理解されるべきである。EXAMPLES Next, the present invention will be described more specifically by showing examples, but it is understood that the present invention is not limited to these examples and can be carried out in various forms as long as the idea thereof is followed. Should be.
【００１７】図３（苗床と、種からヨシへの苗の育成の
原理説明図）に示されるよう約５ｃｍの直径の円盤形の
市販ピートモス・ポット８苗床を水に漬けて植物の生育
に適するように水を含ませたものに、野性ヨシ６から採
取したヨシ種子７を播種し、ビニールハウス内で約１５
〜３０℃の温度下で育成する。背丈約１０〜２５ｃｍに
伸びたヨシの苗の生えたピートモスポット８苗床を、図
４に示されるようなポリプロピレン樹脂製で、かつ厚さ
約１５〜約２０ｃｍのヘチマ状に成型された比重約０．
９３の市販の浮上性構造体（樹脂の成型体）１０に図５
に示されるように竹串９を用いて固定する。As shown in FIG . 3 (a nursery bed and an explanatory view of the principle of raising seedlings from seeds to reeds), a disc-shaped commercially available peat moss pot 8 having a diameter of about 5 cm is soaked in water and suitable for plant growth. The soybean seeds 7 collected from the wild reed 6 are sown in the water soaked, and about 15
Grow at a temperature of ~ 30 ° C. Figure 8 is a peat mosspot nursery with reed seedlings growing to a height of about 10 to 25 cm.
In polypropylene resin as shown in 4, and a specific gravity which is molded in gourd shape having a thickness of about 15 to about 20cm to about 0.
Commercially available floatability structure 93 5 to 10 (molded resin)
Then, the bamboo skewers 9 are used for fixation as shown in FIG.
【００１８】なお、該水浮上性構造体１０は、図６
（Ａ）、（Ｂ）に示されるような汚染水浄化用水路１２
に順次浮かべることもできる。（Ａ）は概説平面図、
（Ｂ）は概説断面図である。通水下で約９．５ｃｍの背
丈のヨシ２は、１週間で１．５ｃｍの背丈の伸びを示し
た。一方、根の方は、１週間で平均して約１０ｃｍ伸
び、さらに密生して生えていた。なお、符号３は処理
水、１１は越流堤、１３は沈殿汚泥である。ヨシの根
は、茎に比べてその数が極めて多く、かつその成長速度
も早く、更にその長さも約１ｍあるいはそれ以上まで伸
びることが認められた。また根の間を通る間に汚濁水中
の浮遊物質はヨシの根の間に捕捉された。密生したヨシ
の根群を通過した処理水は、栄養塩の減少が認められ
た。こうして、ヨシの根による接触沈殿、接触酸化、栄
養塩吸収作用を最大限生かすことが可能であり、水路の
底層水まで処理でき、浄化効率が高いことが認められ
た。[0018] Incidentally, water floating structural body 10, FIG. 6
Contaminated water purification waterway 12 as shown in (A) and (B)
You can also float in sequence. (A) is a schematic plan view,
(B) is a schematic sectional view. Reed 2 having a height of about 9.5 cm under water flow showed an increase of 1.5 cm in height in one week. On the other hand, the roots grew about 10 cm on average in one week and grew more densely. Reference numeral 3 is treated water, 11 is an overflow bank , and 13 is settled sludge . It was confirmed that the number of reed roots was extremely large compared to the number of stems, the growth rate thereof was fast, and the length thereof was extended to about 1 m or more. Suspended matter in polluted water was trapped between the roots of the reed while passing between the roots. The treated water that passed through the dense group of reeds showed a decrease in nutrients. Thus, the contact precipitation with roots surplus, catalytic oxidation, it is possible to take full nutrient absorption, can be processed to the bottom layer water of the water channel, it was confirmed that high purification efficiency.
【００１９】図７に一部断面斜視図で示されるような富
栄養化した汚濁水域で、図８に一部断面斜視図で示すよ
うにヘドロ１４が堆積している水域の一部を、その囲い
の水面下の深さが約５０ｃｍとなるように木柵１５で囲
った。その囲いの内側に浚渫ヘドロの余剰水を排出でき
る孔を有する浮体遮水シート１６を設置した。余剰水排
出口１７の周囲には、シルトプロテクター１８を設置し
た。上記のようにヘドロ沈積汚濁水域に設けられた該水
域一定部分の周囲を取り囲む閉鎖系を形成する区画に、
堆積しているヘドロを浚渫して投入する。ヘドロは該柵
の高さまで充填する。こうしてヘドロの浚渫が終了した
後、前記の汚染水浄化ユニットを浮体遮水シート１６の
内側に浮かべた。図９に一部断面斜視図で示すように浮
体ヨシ群落形成施設とした。In the eutrophic polluted water area as shown in the partial cross-sectional perspective view of FIG . 7, a part of the water area in which the sludge 14 is deposited is shown in the partial cross-sectional perspective view of FIG. The fence was surrounded by a wooden fence 15 so that the depth under the surface of the fence was about 50 cm. A floating body water blocking sheet 16 having holes capable of discharging excess water of dredging sludge was installed inside the enclosure. A silt protector 18 was installed around the surplus water outlet 17. As described above, in the section forming a closed system surrounding the periphery of the certain part of the water area provided in the sludge sediment polluted water area,
Dredging the accumulated sludge and inputting it. The sludge fills to the height of the fence. After the dredging of the sludge was completed in this way, the contaminated water purification unit was floated inside the floating body water blocking sheet 16 . As shown in the partial cross-sectional perspective view of FIG.
【００２０】浮体ヨシを１週間生育させたところ、ヨシ
の根群が水域からヘドロの内部に伸長した。約９．５ｃ
ｍの背丈のヨシの苗を用いたところ、１週間でその根は
約１０ｃｍ伸び、密生して生えていた。１年後には、図
１０に一部断面斜視図として示すように浮体ヨシ群落形
成施設とヘドロとが一体化した。浮体ヨシ２群落とヘド
ロ１４が一体化した段階で、浮体遮水シートの浮き子を
撤去し、シートを取り除き、外部水域との間で水の交換
が可能な状態にした。ヘドロに含まれていた栄養塩は、
ヨシの根から吸収され、ヨシの成長などに利用され、そ
の溶出は抑制される。汚濁水は、ヨシの根群中を吹送流
などの自然エネルギーによる通水で、ヨシの根群により
接触沈殿や接触酸化作用により浄化される。When the floating reeds were grown for one week, the roots of the reeds extended from the water to the inside of the sludge. About 9.5c
Using a m. reed seedling, the roots grew about 10 cm in one week and grew densely. One year later, the floating body reed community formation facility and the sludge were integrated, as shown in FIG. 10 as a partial sectional perspective view. At the stage where the 2 reed bodies of the floating body and the sludge 14 were integrated, the floating member of the floating body water-blocking sheet was removed, and the sheet was removed to make it possible to exchange water with the external water area. The nutrients contained in the sludge are
It is absorbed from the roots of reeds and used for growth of reeds, and its elution is suppressed. The polluted water is water that flows through the roots of the reeds by natural energy such as air flow, and is purified by the contact roots and the catalytic oxidation by the roots of the reeds.
【００２１】[0021]
【発明の効果】本発明のヘドロ処理施設及びヘドロ処理
方法によれば、富栄養化した汚濁水域内から浚渫ヘドロ
を外部に持ち出さないで処分でき、運送などのコスト、
労力がかからず、また水面下に浚渫ヘドロを充填したま
まヨシを植栽できるので臭気などの二次公害の問題が少
ない。浚渫ヘドロに直接ヨシを植栽せず浮体構造物にヨ
シを植栽し、その浮体構造物を浮遊配置すればよいこと
から、施工性が良く、労力もかからず、コストを大幅に
節減できる。ヨシがヘドロの栄養塩を吸収するととも
に、ヨシの根群が接触沈殿及び接触酸化作用に関与で
き、安価にヘドロの安定化が可能である。またヘドロの
安定化が済んだ後には、そのままヨシはさらに該水域の
水の浄化に寄与できるし、ヨシを利用しているので、植
生による緑豊かな景観が作られ、さらにヨシを主とした
植物によるより自然な生態系が創出できる。 EFFECT OF THE INVENTION Sludge treatment facility and sludge treatment of the present invention
According to the method, dredged sludge was removed from within the eutrophic polluted water area.
Can be disposed of without having to take it outside, costs such as transportation,
It is labor-free and you can fill the dredging sludge below the surface of the water.
Since reeds can be planted, there is less problem of secondary pollution such as odor.
Absent. Do not plant reeds directly on the dredging sleds and add them to the floating structure.
What you have to do is to plant the shii and place the floating structure in a floating manner.
Therefore, the workability is good, labor is not required, and the cost is significantly increased.
You can save money. When Yoshi absorbs the nutrients of sludge
In addition, the root group of reeds is involved in contact precipitation and oxidation.
It is possible to stabilize sludge at low cost. Also of sludge
After stabilization, the reeds will continue to
Since it can contribute to the purification of water and uses reeds,
A lively green landscape was created, and Yoshi was the main
A more natural ecosystem of plants can be created.
【００２２】[0022]
【図１】従来使用の汚濁水をその表層に流す表面流れ方
式に従ったヨシを用いた水質浄化法の概説断面図を示
す。FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a water purification method using a reed according to a surface flow method of flowing conventionally used polluted water to its surface layer.
【図２】従来使用の汚濁水を土壌に浸透させる浸透流れ
方式に従ったヨシを用いた水質浄化法の概説断面図を示
す。FIG. 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a water purification method using a reed according to a permeation flow method for permeating polluted water into soil, which is conventionally used.
【図３】本発明の実施例で用いられる苗床と、種からヨ
シへの苗の育成の原理説明図を示す。FIG. 3 shows a nursery bed used in the examples of the present invention and an explanatory diagram of the principle of raising seedlings from seeds to reeds.
【図４】本発明の実施例で用いられる苗床を固定せしめ
るため用いられる水浮上性構造体の一部断面斜視図を示
す。4 shows a partially sectional perspective view of is that the water floating structural body used for allowed to fix the seedbed for use in the embodiment of the present invention.
【図５】本発明の実施例で用いられる苗床を水浮上性構
造体に固定せしめる場合の概説断面図を示す。FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view showing a case where a nursery bed used in an example of the present invention is fixed to a water floating structure.
【図６】ヨシの根群による汚染水浄化用水路の構造図を
示す。Ａ：平面図、Ｂ：断面図6 shows a structural diagram of a polluted water purifying canal by root systems of surplus funds. A: plan view, B: sectional view
【図７】富栄養化した汚濁水域の状況の一部断面斜視図
を示す。FIG. 7 shows a partial cross-sectional perspective view of the condition of a eutrophied polluted water area.
【図８】ヘドロ沈積汚濁水域に設けられた本発明の代表
的な設備の配置を一部断面斜視図として模式的に示す。FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view schematically showing the arrangement of typical equipment of the present invention provided in a sludge sediment polluted water area.
【図９】本発明に従っての浮体ヨシ群落形成施設を一部
断面斜視図として模式的に示す。FIG. 9 schematically illustrates a floating body reed community formation facility according to the present invention as a partial sectional perspective view.
【図１０】本発明に従っての浮体ヨシ群落形成施設とヘ
ドロとが一体化した模様を一部断面斜視図として模式的
に示す。FIG. 10 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view schematically showing a pattern in which a floating body reed community formation facility and sludge according to the present invention are integrated.
１ 汚濁水 ２ ヨシ ３ 処理水 ４
土壌
５ 土壌又は礫 ６ 自然に植生しているヨシ ７
ヨシの種子
８ ピートモスポット（苗床） ９ 竹串 １０
水浮上性構造体
１１ 越流堤 １２ 汚染水浄化水路 １
３ 沈殿汚泥
１４ ヘドロ １５ 木柵 １
６ 浮体遮水シート
１７ 余剰水排出口 １８ シルトプロテクター1 Contaminated water 2 Reed 3 Treated water 4
Soil 5 Soil or gravel 6 Naturally vegetated reed 7
Reed seeds 8 Petemospots (nurseries) 9 Bamboo skewers 10
Water floating structure 11 Overflow bank 12 Contaminated water purification channel 1
3 Settled sludge 14 Sludge 15 Wooden fence 1
6 Floating body water blocking sheet 17 Excess water discharge port 18 Silt protector
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 田沢 竜三 東京都港区芝浦一丁目２番３号 清水建 設株式会社内 (72)発明者 清水 勝公 東京都港区芝浦一丁目２番３号 清水建 設株式会社内 (72)発明者 濱本 宗弘 東京都港区芝浦一丁目２番３号 清水建 設株式会社内 (56)参考文献 特開 昭51−90161（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平６−15293（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) C02F 3/00 - 3/34 C02F 11/00 - 11/20 A01G 31/00 - 31/06 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Ryuzo Tazawa 1-3-2 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo Within Shimizu Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Katsumi Shimizu 1-3-2 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo Shimizu Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Munehiro Hamamoto 1-3-2 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo Shimizu Construction Co., Ltd. (56) Reference JP-A-51-90161 (JP, A) JP-A-6 −15293 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. 7 , DB name) C02F 3/00-3/34 C02F 11/00-11/20 A01G 31/00-31/06
Claims (5)
堆積区画内に、ヨシの苗床を、該苗床中の少なくとも培
養用土底部が浸水可能となるよう水浮上性構造体に固定
せしめて構成したヨシを利用する汚染水浄化ユニットが
設置され、ヨシによりヘドロの安定化及び汚濁水の浄化
を図ることを特徴とするヨシを利用するヘドロ処理施
設。1. A reed constructed by fixing a reed nursery bed to a water-floating structure so that at least the soil bottom for cultivation in the nursery bed can be submerged in the sludge sedimentation section dredged from the sludge-deposited polluted water area. A sludge treatment facility that uses reeds, which has a contaminated water purification unit that is used to stabilize sludge and purify polluted water.
分の周囲を取り囲んで閉鎖系を形成する区画を設置し、
該区画内には浚渫したヘドロが堆積され、ヨシの苗床
を、該苗床中の少なくとも培養用土底部が浸水可能とな
るよう水浮上性構造体に固定せしめて構成したヨシを利
用する汚染水浄化ユニットが、該区画内に設置してあっ
て、ヨシの根が十分に堆積ヘドロ内に伸長するまで生育
させることができ、該ヨシを利用する汚染水浄化ユニッ
トと堆積ヘドロとが一体化した後には、浄化されるべき
水が通水可能な状態となることができることを特徴とす
るヨシを利用するヘドロ処理施設。2. In the sludge sediment polluted water area, a section that surrounds a certain portion of the water area to form a closed system is installed,
The inside said compartments is deposited sludge was dredged, the seedbed reed, contaminated water purification utilizing reed at least culture soil bottom was constructed allowed fixed water floating structure body so as to be capable flooded該苗bed After the unit has been installed in the compartment, the roots of the reeds can be grown until they fully extend into the sediment sludge, and after the contaminated water purification unit utilizing the reeds and the sediment sludge are integrated. Is a sludge treatment facility that uses reeds, which is capable of passing water to be purified.
状容器の中にピートモスを主成分とした培養用土を詰め
たものである請求項１又は２に記載のヨシを利用するヘ
ドロ処理施設。3. A nursery growing the surplus is, sludge process utilizing reed according to claim 1 or 2 in which packed with culture soil which was composed mainly of peat moss in a net container made of synthetic resin Facility.
ている請求項１又は２記載のヨシを利用するヘドロ処理
施設。4. A sludge treatment facility using reeds according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the water-floating structure is made of foamed synthetic resin.
分の周囲を取り囲んで閉鎖系を形成する区画を設置し、
次に該区画内に浚渫したヘドロを堆積後、ヨシの苗床
を、該苗床中の少なくとも培養用土底部が浸水可能とな
るよう水浮上性構造体に固定せしめて構成したヨシを利
用する汚染水浄化ユニットを該区画内に設置し、ヨシの
根が十分に堆積ヘドロ内に伸長するまで生育させ、該ヨ
シを利用する汚染水浄化ユニットと堆積ヘドロとが一体
化した後、浄化用水を通水可能な状態とすることを特徴
とするヨシを利用するヘドロ処理方法。5. The sludge sediment polluted water area is provided with a section surrounding a certain portion of the water area to form a closed system,
Then after depositing the sludge was dredged in the compartment, the seedbed reed, contaminated water utilizing reed at least culture soil bottom was constructed allowed fixed water floating structure body so as to be capable flooded該苗bed A purification unit is installed in the compartment, the roots of the reeds are grown until they fully extend into the accumulated sludge, and after the contaminated water purification unit that utilizes the reeds and the accumulated sludge are integrated, water for purification is passed through. A sludge processing method using reeds characterized by making them possible.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP15649594A JP3482619B2 (en) | 1994-06-16 | 1994-06-16 | Sludge treatment facility using reed and sludge treatment method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP15649594A JP3482619B2 (en) | 1994-06-16 | 1994-06-16 | Sludge treatment facility using reed and sludge treatment method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH081188A JPH081188A (en) | 1996-01-09 |
| JP3482619B2 true JP3482619B2 (en) | 2003-12-22 |
Family
ID=15629008
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP15649594A Expired - Fee Related JP3482619B2 (en) | 1994-06-16 | 1994-06-16 | Sludge treatment facility using reed and sludge treatment method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3482619B2 (en) |
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| US7497947B2 (en) * | 2004-04-14 | 2009-03-03 | Embro Corporation | Devices for water treatment |
| NL1034285C2 (en) | 2007-08-24 | 2009-02-25 | Bright Water Company B V | Floating switchable biological swamp plant filter. |
| KR100972332B1 (en) * | 2007-12-24 | 2010-07-26 | 주식회사 한국종합환경연구소 | An artificial bank for restoration of coastal wet land and method for restoration of coastal wet land using the same |
| CN101905926B (en) * | 2010-08-24 | 2012-02-22 | 环境保护部华南环境科学研究所 | Ecologically adjustable fish reef ecological floating bed device |
| AU2012304640A1 (en) | 2011-09-07 | 2014-03-13 | Embro Corporation | Use of moss to reduce disinfection by-products in water treated with disinfectants |
| CN102583761A (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2012-07-18 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | In-situ repairing method for controlling nitrogen and phosphorus release of bottom sediment of eutrophic lake |
| US9795809B2 (en) | 2013-12-23 | 2017-10-24 | Embro Corporation | Use of moss to improve dental health |
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| CN109956628B (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2023-10-20 | 深圳市洪桦环保科技有限公司 | Harmless condensation tree-raising bag and method for sludge |
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-
1994
- 1994-06-16 JP JP15649594A patent/JP3482619B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH081188A (en) | 1996-01-09 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |