JP2000065135A - Laminated rubber support - Google Patents
Laminated rubber supportInfo
- Publication number
- JP2000065135A JP2000065135A JP23512298A JP23512298A JP2000065135A JP 2000065135 A JP2000065135 A JP 2000065135A JP 23512298 A JP23512298 A JP 23512298A JP 23512298 A JP23512298 A JP 23512298A JP 2000065135 A JP2000065135 A JP 2000065135A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- rubber
- elastic plate
- seismic isolation
- plate
- laminated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、例えば地震、機械
振動、或いは交通振動等により、構造物、各種機器類及
び美術工芸品類等に入力される振動の加速度を低減させ
る免震支承体に使用される積層ゴム支承に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is used for a seismic isolation bearing that reduces the acceleration of vibrations input to structures, various devices, arts and crafts, etc. due to, for example, earthquakes, mechanical vibrations, or traffic vibrations. Related to laminated rubber bearings.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】例えば、建築物、橋、タンク等の構造
物、及び電子計算機、医療機器、保安機器、精密製造機
器、分析解析機器等の機器類、或いは美術工芸品類など
に加わる振動の加速度を低減する免震支承体として、例
えば、図６に示すように、鋼板などの硬質板ａとゴム状
弾性板ｂとを交互に積層しかつ接合した積層ゴム支承が
知られている。2. Description of the Related Art Acceleration of vibration applied to structures such as buildings, bridges, tanks, etc., and devices such as electronic computers, medical devices, security devices, precision manufacturing devices, analytical and analytical devices, and arts and crafts. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, a laminated rubber bearing in which a hard plate a such as a steel plate and a rubber-like elastic plate b are alternately laminated and joined as shown in FIG. 6 is known.
【０００３】又、このような積層ゴム支承の形状を決定
するパラメータの一つとして、次式で定まる二次形状係
数Ｓ2 があり、この二次形状係数Ｓ2 は、載荷能力や水
平剛性に係わり、二次形状係数Ｓ2 が大きくなるほど積
層ゴム支承は偏平となり、座屈や曲げ変形を起こしにく
くなるなど載荷能力が高まるとともに水平剛性が減ぜら
れる。 Ｓ2 ＝Ｄ／ｈ （式中、Ｄはゴム状弾性板の直径、ｈはゴム状弾性板の
総厚さ）[0003] Further, as one of the parameters that determine the shape of such a laminated rubber bearing, there is the secondary shape coefficient S 2 defined by the following equation, the secondary shape factor S 2 is the loading capacity and the horizontal rigidity involvement, laminated rubber bearing as secondary shape factor S 2 is increased becomes flat, horizontal rigidity is subtracted with increases the loading capability, etc. becomes difficult to cause buckling or bending deformation. S 2 = D / h (where D is the diameter of the rubber-like elastic plate and h is the total thickness of the rubber-like elastic plate)
【０００４】従って、積層ゴム支承としては、従来、前
記二次形状係数Ｓ2 が５をこえる比較的安定な構造のも
のが用いられていた。Therefore, as the laminated rubber bearing, a rubber bearing having a relatively stable structure in which the secondary shape factor S 2 exceeds 5 has conventionally been used.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】他方、近年の建築分野
では、効果的な免震構造として免震建物の固有周期Ｔを
より長周期化する方向が指向されており、特に固有周期
Ｔを４秒以上とすることが望まれている。On the other hand, in the field of construction in recent years, as an effective seismic isolation structure, the direction of making the natural period T of a base-isolated building longer is oriented. It is hoped that it will be more than seconds.
【０００６】ここで、免震建物の固有周期Ｔは、積層ゴ
ム支承の水平剛性から次式で与えられることは周知の通
りである。 Ｔ＝２π√｛Ｗ／( ＫH ・ｇ) ｝ ≒ ２π√｛( Ｄ・
σ) ／( Ｓ2 ・Ｇ・ｇ) ｝ 式中、 Ｔ：積層ゴム支承の水平剛性に基づく建物の固有周期 Ｗ：建物総重量 ＫH ：積層ゴム支承の水平剛性 ｇ：重力加速度 Ｄ：ゴム状弾性板の直径 σ：積層ゴム支承の面圧 Ｇ：ゴム状弾性板の剪断弾性率 Ｓ2 ：積層ゴム支承の二次形状係数Here, it is well known that the natural period T of the base-isolated building is given by the following equation from the horizontal rigidity of the laminated rubber bearing. T = 2π√ ｛W / (KH · g)｝ ≒ 2π√ ｛(D ·
σ) / (S 2 · G · g) 中 where T: natural period of the building based on the horizontal rigidity of the laminated rubber bearing W: gross building weight KH: horizontal rigidity of the laminated rubber bearing g: gravitational acceleration D: rubbery Elastic plate diameter σ: Surface pressure of laminated rubber bearing G: Shear modulus of rubbery elastic plate S 2 : Secondary shape factor of laminated rubber bearing
【０００７】上式より、面圧σ、直径Ｄ及び二次形状係
数Ｓ2 などの幾何学寸法、或いは剪断弾性率Ｇを変化さ
せることにより、前記固有周期Ｔを長周期化できること
が理解できるが、これらはいずれも積層ゴム支承の使用
環境のうえで厳しい方向となる。From the above equation, it can be understood that the natural period T can be made longer by changing the geometric dimensions such as the surface pressure σ, the diameter D and the secondary shape factor S 2 , or the shear modulus G. However, these are all severe directions in the use environment of the laminated rubber bearing.
【０００８】すなわち、面圧σを上げることは、クリー
プ量の増加を招くと同時に、より小さな水平剪断変形時
において座屈が発生しやすくなるなど座屈特性を低下さ
せる。又剪断弾性率Ｇを下げることは、生産工程におけ
る困難やクリープ量の増加を招く。又二次形状係数Ｓ2
を５より小に減じることは、前述の如く、座屈や曲げ変
形が発生しやすくなり、又載荷能力が減じるため、積層
ゴム支承の使用数の増加或いは大型化を招くという諸問
題がある。That is, increasing the surface pressure σ causes an increase in the amount of creep and at the same time lowers the buckling characteristics such that buckling is likely to occur during smaller horizontal shear deformation. Further, lowering the shear modulus G causes difficulty in the production process and increases the amount of creep. The secondary shape factor S 2
As described above, if the number of the laminated rubber bearings is reduced to less than 5, the buckling or bending deformation is likely to occur, and the loading capacity is reduced.
【０００９】しかしこの考えからすると、表１に示すよ
うに、例えば直径Ｄが７０ｃｍの積層ゴム支承において
は、通常、ゴムの剪断弾性率Ｇは４ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ2 〜６
ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ2 程度、最大面圧σは１００ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ
2 程度で設定されているため、二次形状係数Ｓ2 が５以
上の範囲では固有周期Ｔは４秒より確実に短くなってし
まう。このように、従来の積層ゴム支承では４秒以上の
長周期化を達成することは極めて難しく、免震性能を充
分発揮することはできなかった。However, from this viewpoint, as shown in Table 1, in a laminated rubber bearing having a diameter D of, for example, 70 cm, the shear modulus G of the rubber is usually 4 kgf / cm 2 -6.
kgf / cm 2 , maximum surface pressure σ is 100 kgf / cm
Since it is set to about 2 , the natural period T is surely shorter than 4 seconds when the secondary shape coefficient S2 is 5 or more. As described above, it is extremely difficult to achieve a longer period of 4 seconds or more with the conventional laminated rubber bearing, and it was not possible to sufficiently exhibit the seismic isolation performance.
【００１０】[0010]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００１１】このような状況に鑑み、本発明者が研究を
積み重ねた結果、二次形状係数Ｓ2を５未満に減じた場
合に生ずる座屈・曲げ変形、及び載荷能力の減少の問題
は、硬質板の厚さｔを高めて各硬質板に充分な剛性を付
与する一方、一次形状係数Ｓ 1 を増大して積層ゴム支承
全体の鉛直剛性や曲げ剛性をアップしかつ水平バネ定数
の面圧依存性を適正範囲に抑えることにより解決しうる
ことを見出し得た。In view of such circumstances, the present inventor has conducted research.
As a result of stacking, the secondary shape factor STwoWhere is reduced to less than 5
Of buckling / bending deformation and reduction of loading capacity
Increases the thickness t of the hard plate to provide sufficient rigidity to each hard plate.
While the primary shape factor S 1To increase the laminated rubber bearing
Increased vertical and bending stiffness and horizontal spring constant
Can be solved by keeping the surface pressure dependency of
I was able to find out.
【００１２】すなわち本発明は、二次形状係数Ｓ2 を５
未満として長周期化を実現したうえで、座屈・曲げ変形
および載荷能力の減少に対して、硬質板の厚さ及び一次
形状係数Ｓ1 の設定によって改善でき、固有周期Ｔの長
周期化を他の諸性能を損ねることなく達成しうる積層ゴ
ム支承の提供を目的としている。That is, according to the present invention, the secondary shape factor S 2 is set to 5
After realizing a longer period, the buckling / bending deformation and the reduction of the loading capacity can be improved by setting the thickness of the hard plate and the primary shape factor S 1. It is intended to provide a laminated rubber bearing that can be achieved without impairing other performances.
【００１３】なお前記一次形状係数Ｓ1 は、公知の如
く、ゴム状弾性板の拘束面積と自由表面積（側面積）と
の比として定義されかつ次式で定まる積層ゴム支承のパ
ラメータの一つであり、これが大きくなると前記鉛直・
曲げ剛性が増加するととも、面圧に対する変形が抑制さ
れる結果、水平バネ定数の変動すなわち水平バネ定数の
面圧依存性を減じ安定化する。 Ｓ1 ＝（Ｄ−ｄ）／４ｈ’ （式中、ｈ’はゴム状弾性板の厚さ、ｄは免震積層体に
中心孔ｃ（図 に示す）ある場合の中心孔ｃの直径であ
る。）As is well known, the primary shape factor S 1 is defined as a ratio between the restrained area of the rubber-like elastic plate and the free surface area (side area) and is one of the parameters of the laminated rubber bearing determined by the following equation. Yes, when this becomes large,
As the bending stiffness increases, the deformation due to the surface pressure is suppressed. As a result, the fluctuation of the horizontal spring constant, that is, the dependency of the horizontal spring constant on the surface pressure is reduced and stabilized. S 1 = (D−d) / 4h ′ (where h ′ is the thickness of the rubber-like elastic plate, and d is the diameter of the center hole c when the base-isolated laminate has a center hole c (shown in the figure)). is there.)
【００１４】[0014]
【課題を解決するための手段】前記目的を達成するため
に、本願の請求項１の発明は、複数の硬質板とゴム状弾
性板とが交互に積層されかつ接合された免震積層体を具
える積層ゴム支承であって、前記ゴム状弾性板の直径を
Ｄ、ゴム状弾性板の厚さをｈ’、ゴム状弾性板の総厚さ
をｈ、前記硬質板の厚さをｔ、前記免震積層体にその積
層を貫通してのびる中心孔がある場合の前記中心孔の直
径をｄとしたとき、以下の式で定まる一次形状係数Ｓ1
は３５以上、二次形状係数Ｓ2 は５より小、前記直径Ｄ
と厚さｔとの比Ｄ／ｔは１５０より小、しかも前記ゴム
状弾性板のゴム硬度Ｈｄは５０度以下であることを特徴
としている。 Ｓ1 ＝（Ｄ−ｄ）／４ｈ’ −−−（１） Ｓ2 ＝Ｄ／ｈ −−−（２）In order to achieve the above object, the invention of claim 1 of the present application provides a seismic isolation laminate in which a plurality of hard plates and rubber-like elastic plates are alternately laminated and joined. A laminated rubber bearing comprising: a rubber-like elastic plate having a diameter of D, a rubber-like elastic plate having a thickness of h ′, a rubber-like elastic plate having a total thickness of h, and a hard plate having a thickness of t; When the seismic isolation laminate has a center hole extending through the stack and the diameter of the center hole is d, a primary shape factor S 1 determined by the following equation:
Is 35 or more, the secondary shape factor S 2 is less than 5, and the diameter D
The ratio D / t between the thickness and the thickness t is smaller than 150, and the rubber hardness Hd of the rubber-like elastic plate is 50 degrees or less. S 1 = (D−d) / 4h ′ − (1) S 2 = D / h − (2)
【００１５】又請求項２の発明では、前記免震積層体
は、前記中心孔を有さないことを特徴としている。In the invention of claim 2, the seismic isolation laminate does not have the center hole.
【００１６】又請求項３の発明では、前記免震積層体
は、前記中心孔を有しかつこの中心孔の直径ｄは、前記
ゴム状弾性板の直径Ｄの０．０５倍以下であることを特
徴としている。In the invention according to claim 3, the seismic isolation laminate has the center hole, and the diameter d of the center hole is 0.05 times or less the diameter D of the rubber-like elastic plate. It is characterized by.
【００１７】又請求項４の発明では、前記免震積層体
は、前記ゴム状弾性板の外周面を、前記硬質板の外周面
から内に距離Ｌを凹ませて位置させることにより硬質板
間にゴム状弾性板がない間隙部を外周近傍領域に形成す
るとともに、前記免震積層体の外周面は、この免震積層
体と一体加硫形成される外皮ゴム層により覆われること
を特徴としている。Further, in the invention according to claim 4, the seismic isolation laminate is characterized in that the outer peripheral surface of the rubber-like elastic plate is located at a distance L inward from the outer peripheral surface of the hard plate. A gap portion having no rubber-like elastic plate is formed in a region near the outer periphery, and an outer peripheral surface of the seismic isolation laminate is covered with an outer rubber layer integrally vulcanized with the seismic isolation laminate. I have.
【００１８】又請求項５の発明では、前記ゴム状弾性板
と硬質板との各外周面は略同形でありかつ外周面から内
方に距離Ｌを隔たる外周近傍領域に、前記ゴム状弾性板
が前記硬質板に接着されない非接着部を形成するととも
に、前記免震積層体の外周面は、この免震積層体と一体
加硫形成される外皮ゴム層により覆われることを特徴と
している。According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, each of the outer peripheral surfaces of the rubber-like elastic plate and the hard plate has substantially the same shape, and the rubber-like elastic plate is provided in a region near the outer periphery which is inwardly separated from the outer peripheral surface by a distance L. The plate forms a non-adhesion portion that is not adhered to the hard plate, and an outer peripheral surface of the seismic isolation laminate is covered with a skin rubber layer integrally vulcanized with the seismic isolation laminate.
【００１９】又請求項６の発明では、前記距離Ｌは、前
記ゴム状弾性板の厚さｈ’の１．０倍以上であることを
特徴としている。In the invention of claim 6, the distance L is at least 1.0 times the thickness h 'of the rubber-like elastic plate.
【００２０】[0020]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施の形態を、図
示例とともに説明する。図１、２は、本願の積層ゴム支
承１の断面図であり、積層ゴム支承１は、複数の硬質板
９とゴム状弾性板１０とが交互に積層されかつ接合され
る免震積層体５を具え、この免震積層体５の外周面は、
本例では、免震積層体５と一体加硫成形される外皮ゴム
層６によって被覆保護される。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 are cross-sectional views of a laminated rubber bearing 1 of the present application. The laminated rubber bearing 1 has a seismic isolation laminate 5 in which a plurality of hard plates 9 and rubber-like elastic plates 10 are alternately laminated and joined. The outer peripheral surface of the seismic isolation laminate 5 has
In this example, the outer rubber layer 6 is integrally covered with the seismic isolation laminate 5 to be covered and protected by the outer rubber layer 6.
【００２１】なお積層ゴム支承１には、前記免震積層体
５の最上段及び最下段に配される上下の連結板２に、固
定板３が例えばボルト等の連結金具１３を用いて取付く
とともに、積層ゴム支承１は、この固定板３を介して例
えば基礎である下の構造体４Ｌ及び建築物等である上の
構造体４Ｕにそれぞれ固定される。The fixed plate 3 is attached to the upper and lower connecting plates 2 arranged at the uppermost and lowermost stages of the seismic isolation laminate 5 on the laminated rubber bearing 1 by using connecting fittings 13 such as bolts. At the same time, the laminated rubber bearing 1 is fixed to the lower structure 4L as a foundation and the upper structure 4U as a building, for example, via the fixing plate 3, respectively.
【００２２】前記硬質板９は、剛性を有する例えば鋼板
などの金属製板体からなり、前記連結板２は、この硬質
板９に比して厚さが大、例えば前記固定板３と略同程度
の厚肉板体で形成している。なお金属製板体と同程度の
剛性及び強度を有するものであるならば、例えばセラミ
ックス、合成樹脂等の種々の材料の板体が使用できる。
又硬質板９は、種々な方向の揺れにも対応できるよう
に、その外周面９ｓの形状、すなわち外縁の輪郭形状
を、方向性のない円形形状としている。The hard plate 9 is made of a rigid metal plate such as a steel plate. The connecting plate 2 is thicker than the hard plate 9, for example, approximately the same as the fixed plate 3. It is formed of a thick plate body of the order. As long as the plate has the same rigidity and strength as the metal plate, plates made of various materials such as ceramics and synthetic resin can be used.
The hard plate 9 has an outer peripheral surface 9s having a circular shape with no directivity, that is, a contour shape of an outer edge of the hard plate 9 so as to cope with swings in various directions.
【００２３】又前記ゴム状弾性板１０としては、各種の
ゴム材料が使用できるが、機械的強度、弾性率の長期安
定性、変形能力の長期安定性、耐クリープ性などに優れ
ることが必要であり、例えば天然ゴム(NR)、クロロプレ
ンゴム(CR)などが好ましく使用できる。特に、天然ゴム
は、安価でありかつ耐候性以外の特性でクロロプレンゴ
ムより優れているため、この天然ゴムを９０ｐｈｒ以上
配合した天然ゴム系材料を用いることがさらに好まし
い。As the rubber-like elastic plate 10, various rubber materials can be used, but it is necessary to have excellent mechanical strength, long-term stability of elastic modulus, long-term stability of deformation capacity, and creep resistance. Yes, for example, natural rubber (NR), chloroprene rubber (CR) and the like can be preferably used. In particular, since natural rubber is inexpensive and is superior to chloroprene rubber in characteristics other than weather resistance, it is more preferable to use a natural rubber-based material in which this natural rubber is blended in an amount of 90 phr or more.
【００２４】又図２に拡大して示すように、前記ゴム状
弾性板１０は、本例では、その外周面１０ｓを、前記硬
質板９の外周面９ｓから、内に距離Ｌを凹ませて（控え
て）位置させることにより、硬質板９、９間にゴム状弾
性板１０が存在しない間隙部１４を外周近傍領域に形成
している。なお前記ゴム状弾性板１０は、その上面及び
下面における全面が、硬質板９及び上下の連結板２と加
硫接着などの公知の手段で接合する。As shown in FIG. 2 in an enlarged manner, the rubber-like elastic plate 10 has an outer peripheral surface 10 s recessed by a distance L from the outer peripheral surface 9 s of the hard plate 9 in this embodiment. By locating (aside), a gap portion 14 in which the rubber-like elastic plate 10 does not exist between the hard plates 9 is formed in a region near the outer periphery. The entire upper surface and lower surface of the rubber-like elastic plate 10 are joined to the hard plate 9 and the upper and lower connecting plates 2 by known means such as vulcanization bonding.
【００２５】次に、外皮ゴム層６は、前記硬質板９の各
外周面９ｓに沿う直筒状をなし、従って、前記ゴム状弾
性板１０の外周面１０ｓとの間に、この外周面１０ｓと
離間し非接着となる中空部１５を形成しうる。なお外皮
ゴム層６は、少なくとも前記上下の連結板２の外周面と
接着することによって、免震積層体５の外周面を気密に
被覆保護するが、免震積層体５との接着強度を全体に亘
って均一に高め、剥がれ等を防止するために、各硬質板
９の外周面９ｓとも接着することがこのましい。Next, the outer rubber layer 6 is formed in a straight cylindrical shape along each outer peripheral surface 9 s of the hard plate 9, and therefore, between the outer peripheral surface 10 s of the rubber-like elastic plate 10 and the outer peripheral surface 10 s. It is possible to form a hollow portion 15 that is separated and non-adhesive. The outer rubber layer 6 hermetically covers and protects the outer peripheral surface of the seismic isolation laminate 5 by bonding at least to the outer peripheral surfaces of the upper and lower connecting plates 2. It is preferable to adhere to the outer peripheral surface 9s of each hard plate 9 in order to uniformly increase the thickness over the entire surface and to prevent peeling.
【００２６】前記外皮ゴム層６としては、耐候性に優れ
る、例えば、クロロプレンゴム(CR)、ブチルゴム(IIR)
、ハロゲン化ブチルゴム（X-IIR)、エチレンプロピレ
ンゴム(EPM、EPDM）、ウレタンゴム(U) 、シリコンゴム
(Q) 、フッ素ゴム(FKM) 、多硫化ゴム(T) 、クロロスル
ホン化ポリエチレン(CSM) 、塩素化ポリエチレン(CM)、
エチレン酢酸ビニルゴム(EVM) 、エピクロルヒドリンゴ
ム(ECO) 等の合成ゴム材料が使用できるが、特に耐候性
の点で、クロロプレンゴム(CR)、ブチルゴム(IIR) 、ハ
ロゲン化ブチルゴム（X-IIR)、エチレンプロピレンゴム
(EPM、EPDM）が好ましい。The outer rubber layer 6 has excellent weather resistance, for example, chloroprene rubber (CR), butyl rubber (IIR)
, Halogenated butyl rubber (X-IIR), ethylene propylene rubber (EPM, EPDM), urethane rubber (U), silicon rubber
(Q), fluoro rubber (FKM), polysulfide rubber (T), chlorosulfonated polyethylene (CSM), chlorinated polyethylene (CM),
Synthetic rubber materials such as ethylene vinyl acetate rubber (EVM) and epichlorohydrin rubber (ECO) can be used, but chloroprene rubber (CR), butyl rubber (IIR), butyl rubber (X-IIR), ethylene Propylene rubber
(EPM, EPDM) are preferred.
【００２７】このうち、クロロプレンゴム(CR)は、前記
天然ゴムとは一体に加硫接着する同種のゴム材料であ
り、ブチルゴム(IIR) 、ハロゲン化ブチルゴム（X-II
R)、エチレンプロピレンゴム(EPM、EPDM）は、前記天然
ゴムとは一体に加硫接着しない異種のゴム材料である。
また非結晶性であるという点からは、ニトリルゴム(NB
R)、ブタジエンゴム(BR)、エチレンプロピレンゴム(EPD
M)、シリコンゴム(Q) 、アクリルゴム(ACM) 、エピクロ
ルヒドリンゴム(ECO) が好ましい。Of these, chloroprene rubber (CR) is the same kind of rubber material that is integrally vulcanized and bonded to the natural rubber, and includes butyl rubber (IIR) and halogenated butyl rubber (X-II
R) and ethylene propylene rubber (EPM, EPDM) are different types of rubber materials that are not integrally vulcanized with the natural rubber.
Also, in view of being amorphous, nitrile rubber (NB
R), butadiene rubber (BR), ethylene propylene rubber (EPD
M), silicone rubber (Q), acrylic rubber (ACM), and epichlorohydrin rubber (ECO) are preferred.
【００２８】そして本願の積層ゴム支承１では、図２の
如く、前記ゴム状弾性板１０の直径をＤ、ゴム状弾性板
１０の厚さをｈ’、ゴム状弾性板１０の総厚さΣｈ’を
ｈ、前記硬質板９の厚さをｔ、前記免震積層体５にその
積層を貫通してのびる中心孔１１がある場合の前記中心
孔１１の直径をｄとしたとき、以下の式（１）、（２）
で定まる一次形状係数Ｓ1 を３５以上、二次形状係数Ｓ
2 を５より小、前記直径Ｄと厚さｔとの比Ｄ／ｔを１５
０より小、しかも前記ゴム状弾性板１０のゴム硬度Ｈｄ
を５０度以下とすることを特徴としている。 Ｓ1 ＝（Ｄ−ｄ）／４ｈ’ −−−（１） Ｓ2 ＝Ｄ／ｈ −−−（２）In the laminated rubber bearing 1 of the present application, as shown in FIG. 2, the diameter of the rubber-like elastic plate 10 is D, the thickness of the rubber-like elastic plate 10 is h ′, and the total thickness of the rubber-like elastic plate 10 is Δh. ′ Is h, the thickness of the hard plate 9 is t, and the diameter of the center hole 11 when the seismic isolation laminate 5 has a center hole 11 extending through the stack is d, (1), (2)
The primary shape factor S 1 determined by
2 is less than 5, and the ratio D / t of the diameter D to the thickness t is 15
0, and the rubber hardness Hd of the rubber-like elastic plate 10
Is set to 50 degrees or less. S 1 = (D−d) / 4h ′ − (1) S 2 = D / h − (2)
【００２９】前述の如く、本願では、前記二次形状係数
Ｓ2 を、５未満に減じているため、固有周期Ｔを長周期
化できる。しかも同一の直径Ｄに対して総厚さｈが大き
くなるため、許容される水平剪断歪み量や水平バネ定数
の線形領域が増加し、その結果、水平変形性能を向上さ
せることが可能となる。As described above, in the present application, since the secondary shape coefficient S 2 is reduced to less than 5, the natural period T can be made longer. Moreover, since the total thickness h is larger for the same diameter D, the allowable horizontal shear strain amount and the linear region of the horizontal spring constant are increased, and as a result, the horizontal deformation performance can be improved.
【００３０】他方、二次形状係数Ｓ2 ＜５の設定によ
り、座屈・曲げ変形が発生しやすくかつ載荷能力が低下
する傾向となる。そのために、比Ｄ／ｔ＜１５０、かつ
一次形状係数Ｓ1 ≧３５としている。On the other hand, by setting the secondary shape factor S 2 <5, buckling and bending deformation tend to occur and the loading capacity tends to decrease. Therefore, the ratio D / t <150 and the primary shape factor S 1 ≧ 35.
【００３１】ここで、比Ｄ／ｔ＜１５０ とすること
は、一枚当たりの硬質板９の厚さｔをＤ／１５０の値よ
り大に高めることを意味し、これにより各硬質板９に充
分な剛性及び強度を付与することができ、座屈・曲げ変
形を抑制する。又一次形状係数Ｓ1 は、前述のように鉛
直・曲げ剛性に係わり、Ｓ1 ≧３５とすることにより免
震積層体５全体の鉛直・曲げ剛性が高まり、前記比Ｄ／
ｔ＜１５０の設定と相俟って座屈・曲げ変形を効果的に
抑制する。Here, setting the ratio D / t <150 means that the thickness t of the hard plate 9 per sheet is increased to a value larger than the value of D / 150. Sufficient rigidity and strength can be provided, and buckling and bending deformation are suppressed. The primary shape factor S 1 is related to the vertical / bending stiffness as described above. By setting S 1 ≧ 35, the vertical / bending stiffness of the entire seismic isolation laminate 5 is increased, and the ratio D /
In combination with the setting of t <150, buckling and bending deformation are effectively suppressed.
【００３２】その結果、例えば図３に示す如く、面圧σ
が３００ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ2 と大きい場合にも、水平歪み率
δ／ｈが４００％までは、座屈の発生を抑制でき、安定
した履歴曲線を示すことが可能になる。As a result, for example, as shown in FIG.
Is as large as 300 kgf / cm 2 , the generation of buckling can be suppressed and a stable hysteresis curve can be exhibited up to a horizontal strain rate δ / h of 400%.
【００３３】又Ｓ2 ≧３５とすることにより、水平バネ
定数の面圧依存性を減じることができ免震性能を安定し
て発揮することが可能になる。By setting S 2 ≧ 35, the dependency of the horizontal spring constant on the surface pressure can be reduced, and seismic isolation performance can be stably exhibited.
【００３４】又ゴム硬度Ｈｄは、ゴムの弾性率とある程
度の相関関係を有し、一般にゴム硬度Ｈｄが増すと弾性
率が高まる傾向となり、固有周期Ｔの長周期化を妨げる
傾向にある。従って、ゴム硬度Ｈｄ（ＪＩＳＡ硬度）を
５０度以下に規制することによって、長周期化への悪影
響を排除できるとともに、水平バネ定数の適正な値を得
ることができる。The rubber hardness Hd has a certain correlation with the elastic modulus of the rubber. In general, as the rubber hardness Hd increases, the elastic modulus tends to increase, which tends to hinder the elongation of the natural period T. Therefore, by restricting the rubber hardness Hd (JISA hardness) to 50 degrees or less, it is possible to eliminate an adverse effect on the long period and obtain an appropriate value of the horizontal spring constant.
【００３５】なお、二次形状係数Ｓ2 が５以上、及びゴ
ム硬度Ｈｄが５０度より大では長周期化が充分に達成さ
れず、又一次次形状係数Ｓ1 が３５未満、及び比Ｄ／ｔ
が１５０以上のとき、高い面圧、高い剪断歪みが作用す
る際の座屈・曲げ変形を抑制できなくなる。なお、 ・一次形状係数Ｓ1 の上限は４５以下が好ましく、その
理由は総ゴム厚さが同一の支承に対して積層数が増し、
コストが高くなるからである。 ・二次形状係数Ｓ2 の下限は３０以上が好ましく、その
理由は面圧依存性、歪み依存性が大きくなってしまうか
らである。 ・比Ｄ／ｔの下限は２０以上が好ましく、その理由は面
圧依存性、歪み依存性が大きくなってしまうからであ
る。 ・ゴム硬度Ｈｄの下限は２０以上が好ましく、その理由
は硬度低下に比例してクリープ量が増加してしまうから
である。If the secondary shape factor S 2 is 5 or more and the rubber hardness Hd is more than 50 degrees, the long period cannot be sufficiently achieved, the primary shape factor S 1 is less than 35, and the ratio D / t
When it is 150 or more, buckling and bending deformation when high surface pressure and high shear strain act cannot be suppressed. In addition, ・ The upper limit of the primary shape factor S 1 is preferably 45 or less, because the number of laminations increases for bearings having the same total rubber thickness,
This is because the cost increases. The lower limit of the secondary shape factor S 2 is preferably 30 or more, because the surface pressure dependency and the strain dependency increase. The lower limit of the ratio D / t is preferably 20 or more, because the surface pressure dependency and the strain dependency increase. -The lower limit of the rubber hardness Hd is preferably 20 or more, because the creep amount increases in proportion to the decrease in hardness.
【００３６】又免震積層体５に前記中心孔１１がある場
合、硬質板９に生じる応力度が大きくなるなど、前記一
次形状係数Ｓ1 及び比Ｄ／ｔの規制による効果が減ぜら
れる。従って、本願の積層ゴム支承１においては、前記
中心孔１１を形成しないことが好ましく、又形成する必
要がある場合には、その直径ｄは、前記ゴム状弾性板１
０の直径Ｄの０．０５倍以下より好ましくは０．０３倍
以下に止めるべきである。When the seismic isolation laminate 5 has the center hole 11, the effect of the regulation of the primary shape factor S 1 and the ratio D / t is reduced, for example, the degree of stress generated in the hard plate 9 is increased. Therefore, in the laminated rubber bearing 1 of the present invention, it is preferable that the center hole 11 is not formed, and when it is necessary to form the center hole 11, the diameter d is equal to the rubber-like elastic plate 1.
It should be kept to no more than 0.05 times, more preferably no more than 0.03 times the diameter D of 0.
【００３７】他方、本発明者らの研究の結果、ゴム状弾
性板１０の外周面１０ｓと硬質板９の外周面９ｓとが同
一形状をなしかつ全面を接着した直柱状の免震積層体５
においては、地震などにより大きな水平変形が生じたと
きには、前記硬質板９の外周エッジに応力が集中し、免
震装置に要求される柔らかな水平バネ定数を得ることが
出きないばかりでなエッジのゴム状弾性板１０に損傷が
発生しやすくなる傾向にあることが判明した。特に、外
皮ゴム層６とゴム状弾性板１０とが接着一体化している
場合には、ゴム状弾性板１０の動き（変形）が外皮ゴム
層６に阻害されるため、水平バネ定数が影響を受け、面
圧依存性をいっそう悪化させることが判明した。On the other hand, as a result of the study by the present inventors, the outer peripheral surface 10 s of the rubber-like elastic plate 10 and the outer peripheral surface 9 s of the hard plate 9 have the same shape, and the entire surface is adhered.
In the case, when a large horizontal deformation occurs due to an earthquake or the like, stress concentrates on the outer peripheral edge of the hard plate 9 and a soft horizontal spring constant required for the seismic isolation device cannot be obtained. It has been found that the rubber-like elastic plate 10 tends to be easily damaged. In particular, when the outer rubber layer 6 and the rubber-like elastic plate 10 are bonded and integrated, the movement (deformation) of the rubber-like elastic plate 10 is hindered by the outer rubber layer 6, so that the horizontal spring constant has an effect. As a result, it was found that the surface pressure dependency was further worsened.
【００３８】これに対して、本例では、硬質板９の外周
近傍にゴム状弾性板１０が存在しない中空部１５を形成
しているため、硬質板９の外周エッジにおける応力集中
を避けるとともに、外皮ゴム層６とゴム状弾性板１０と
の固着一体化を防止できるなどゴム状弾性板１０の動き
が円滑化し、柔らかな水平バネ定数の確保、外周エッジ
からの損傷抑制、並びに水平バネ定数における面圧依存
性の低下をそれぞれ改善できる。On the other hand, in this embodiment, since the hollow portion 15 in which the rubber-like elastic plate 10 does not exist is formed near the outer periphery of the hard plate 9, stress concentration at the outer peripheral edge of the hard plate 9 is avoided, and The movement of the rubber-like elastic plate 10 is smoothed, for example, the fixation and unification of the outer rubber layer 6 and the rubber-like elastic plate 10 can be prevented, a soft horizontal spring constant is secured, damage from the outer peripheral edge is suppressed, and the horizontal spring constant is reduced. The decrease in the surface pressure dependency can be improved.
【００３９】なお前記中空部１５の距離Ｌが、前記ゴム
厚さｈ’の１．０倍未満の時には、応力集中の回避が不
十分となる。又距離Ｌが大きすぎると、ゴム状弾性板１
０の実接着面積が減じるため、耐久性、強度などに悪影
響を与え、従って、その上限は、前記ゴム厚さｈ’の
２．０倍以下とするのが好ましい。When the distance L between the hollow portions 15 is less than 1.0 times the thickness h 'of the rubber, the avoidance of stress concentration is insufficient. If the distance L is too large, the rubber-like elastic plate 1
Since the actual bonding area of 0 is reduced, durability and strength are adversely affected. Therefore, the upper limit thereof is preferably 2.0 times or less the rubber thickness h '.
【００４０】又鉛直荷重を受けながら大きな水平剪断変
形が生じた際に起こるゴム状弾性板１０の端部からのは
らみ出しを、中空部１５に臨む硬質板９の外周部分が支
持できるため、鉛直方向の沈込みが抑えられ、面圧依存
性も改善される。特に、図４に示すように、外皮ゴム層
６の内面に、前記中空部１５内に充填される突出部６Ａ
を形成したときには、前記沈込みをより確実に抑制でき
面圧依存性をさらに改善しうる。このとき、突出部６Ａ
とゴム状弾性板１０との接着を避けるために、加硫前に
離型剤を塗布するか、外皮ゴム層６を前記天然ゴムとは
加硫接着しない前記異種のゴム材料で形成することが好
ましい。なお図２の如く中空部１５を設ける場合には、
加硫接着の恐れがないため、外皮ゴム層６として前記同
種のゴム材料も採用でき、さらには前記ゴム材料以外に
も、耐候性に優れかつ可撓性を有するものならば、例え
ばポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリアミド等の種々
の合成樹脂材料を用いることもできる。Further, since the outer peripheral portion of the hard plate 9 facing the hollow portion 15 can support the protrusion from the end of the rubber-like elastic plate 10 which occurs when a large horizontal shear deformation occurs while receiving a vertical load, Sinking in the direction is suppressed, and surface pressure dependency is also improved. In particular, as shown in FIG. 4, the protrusion 6 </ b> A filled in the hollow portion 15 is formed on the inner surface of the outer rubber layer 6.
Is formed, the depression can be suppressed more reliably, and the surface pressure dependency can be further improved. At this time, the protrusion 6A
In order to avoid adhesion between the rubber material and the rubber-like elastic plate 10, a release agent may be applied before vulcanization, or the outer rubber layer 6 may be formed of the different rubber material that does not vulcanize and adhere to the natural rubber. preferable. When the hollow portion 15 is provided as shown in FIG.
Since there is no fear of vulcanization adhesion, the same type of rubber material can be used as the outer rubber layer 6. Further, besides the rubber material, if the material has excellent weather resistance and flexibility, for example, polyethylene or polypropylene And various synthetic resin materials such as polyamide.
【００４１】又図５に本願の他の実施例を示す。図にお
いて、前記ゴム状弾性板１０は、その外周面１０ｓの輪
郭形状が、硬質板９の外周面９ｓと略同形の場合を示
す。すなわち、各外周面９ｓ、１０ｓは互いに面一であ
り、ゴム状弾性板１０の外周面１０ｓは、外皮ゴム層６
と非接着状態で面接触している。この非接着状態は、前
述の如く外皮ゴム層６として前記ゴム状弾性板１０とは
異種のゴム材料を用いることにより、簡易に形成するこ
とができ、又同種のゴム材料を用いる時には、加硫前の
離型剤の塗布によって形成できる。FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the present invention. In the drawing, the rubber-like elastic plate 10 shows a case where the outer peripheral surface 10 s has a contour shape substantially the same as the outer peripheral surface 9 s of the hard plate 9. That is, the outer peripheral surfaces 9 s and 10 s are flush with each other, and the outer peripheral surface 10 s of the rubber-like elastic plate 10 is
And surface contact in a non-adhered state. This non-adhered state can be easily formed by using a rubber material different from the rubber-like elastic plate 10 as the outer rubber layer 6 as described above, and when the same type of rubber material is used, it is vulcanized. It can be formed by applying a release agent before.
【００４２】しかる場合においても、前記硬質板９の外
周エッジにおける応力集中を避けることが好ましく、硬
質板９の外周面９ｓから内方に前記距離Ｌを隔たる外周
近傍領域に、前記ゴム状弾性板１０が前記硬質板９に接
着されない非接着部１６を形成している。この非接着部
分１６も、加硫前の離型剤の塗布によって形成できる。
なお図５には、非接着状態を接着状態と区別するため、
非接着部分１６には微小隙間を設けて描いている。In this case as well, it is preferable to avoid stress concentration at the outer peripheral edge of the hard plate 9, and the rubber-like elastic region is provided inward from the outer peripheral surface 9 s of the hard plate 9 at the distance L. The plate 10 forms a non-bonded portion 16 that is not bonded to the hard plate 9. This non-adhered portion 16 can also be formed by applying a release agent before vulcanization.
In FIG. 5, in order to distinguish the non-bonded state from the bonded state,
The non-bonded portion 16 is illustrated with a minute gap.
【００４３】なお本願の積層ゴム支承１は、従来と同
様、外皮ゴム層６と免震積層体５との同時加硫によって
形成できるため、製作工程の増加を招くことがなく効率
よく製造することができ、しかも外皮ゴム層６が硬質板
９の側面と加硫接着するため、例えば耐候性材料のテー
プを巻き付けて外皮を形成する場合に比べ、接着強度及
び耐久性において優れた性能を示す。しかし同時加硫が
困難な場合には、外皮ゴム層６を免震積層体５とは別の
工程で成形するか、成形後の免震積層体５にテープを巻
き付けて外皮を形成しても良い。Since the laminated rubber bearing 1 of the present invention can be formed by simultaneous vulcanization of the outer rubber layer 6 and the seismic isolation laminate 5 as in the prior art, efficient production can be achieved without increasing the number of production steps. In addition, since the outer skin rubber layer 6 is vulcanized and bonded to the side surface of the hard plate 9, it exhibits superior performance in terms of adhesive strength and durability as compared with, for example, a case where a tape of a weather-resistant material is wound around to form the outer skin. However, if simultaneous vulcanization is difficult, the outer rubber layer 6 may be formed in a process different from that of the seismic isolation laminate 5 or a tape may be wound around the molded seismic isolation laminate 5 to form the outer skin. good.
【００４４】[0044]
【発明の効果】本願の積層ゴム支承は、叙上の如く構成
しているため、固有周期Ｔの長周期化を他の諸性能、特
に座屈性能などを損ねることなく達成でき、優れた免震
性能を発揮できる。Since the laminated rubber bearing of the present invention is constructed as described above, it is possible to achieve a longer natural period T without impairing other performances, especially buckling performance, etc. It can demonstrate seismic performance.
【図１】本願の積層ゴム支承の一実施例を示す断面図で
ある。FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing one embodiment of a laminated rubber bearing of the present application.
【図２】その外周近傍領域を拡大して示す部分断面図で
ある。FIG. 2 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of a region near the outer periphery.
【図３】水平荷重−水平歪み率曲線を、実施例と比較例
１、２とで比較した線図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram comparing a horizontal load-horizontal distortion rate curve between an example and comparative examples 1 and 2;
【図４】外周近傍領域の他の実施例を拡大して示す断面
図である。FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing another embodiment near the outer periphery.
【図５】外周近傍領域のさらに他の実施例を拡大して示
す断面図である。FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing still another embodiment of a region near the outer periphery.
【図６】従来技術を説明する断面図である。FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a conventional technique.
１ 積層ゴム支承 ５ 免震積層体 ６ 外皮ゴム層 ９ 硬質板 １０ ゴム状弾性板 １１ 中心孔 １４ 間隙部 １６ 非接着部 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Laminated rubber bearing 5 Seismic isolation laminated body 6 Outer rubber layer 9 Hard plate 10 Rubbery elastic plate 11 Center hole 14 Gap 16 Non-adhesion
Claims (6)
層されかつ接合された免震積層体を具える積層ゴム支承
であって、 前記ゴム状弾性板の直径をＤ、ゴム状弾性板の厚さを
ｈ’、ゴム状弾性板の総厚さをｈ、前記硬質板の厚さを
ｔ、前記免震積層体にその積層を貫通してのびる中心孔
がある場合の前記中心孔の直径をｄとしたとき、 以下の式で定まる一次形状係数Ｓ1 は３５以上、二次形
状係数Ｓ2 は５より小、前記直径Ｄと厚さｔとの比Ｄ／
ｔは１５０より小、しかも前記ゴム状弾性板のゴム硬度
Ｈｄは５０度以下であることを特徴とする積層ゴム支
承。 Ｓ1 ＝（Ｄ−ｄ）／４ｈ’ −−−（１） Ｓ2 ＝Ｄ／ｈ −−−（２）1. A laminated rubber bearing comprising a seismic isolation laminate in which a plurality of hard plates and rubber-like elastic plates are alternately laminated and joined, wherein the rubber-like elastic plate has a diameter of D, The thickness of the elastic plate is h ', the total thickness of the rubbery elastic plate is h, the thickness of the hard plate is t, and the center when the seismic isolation laminate has a center hole extending through the laminate. When the diameter of the hole is d, the primary shape factor S 1 determined by the following equation is 35 or more, the secondary shape factor S 2 is less than 5, and the ratio D / D of the diameter D to the thickness t is D / D.
The laminated rubber bearing, wherein t is smaller than 150 and the rubber hardness Hd of the rubber-like elastic plate is 50 degrees or less. S 1 = (D−d) / 4h ′ − (1) S 2 = D / h − (2)
ことを特徴とする請求項１記載の積層ゴム支承。2. The laminated rubber bearing according to claim 1, wherein said seismic isolation laminate does not have said center hole.
この中心孔の直径ｄは、前記ゴム状弾性板の直径Ｄの
０．０５倍以下であることを特徴とする請求項１記載の
積層ゴム支承。3. The seismic isolation laminate has the center hole, and the diameter d of the center hole is 0.05 times or less the diameter D of the rubber-like elastic plate. 1. The laminated rubber bearing according to 1.
周面を、前記硬質板の外周面から内に距離Ｌを凹ませて
位置させることにより硬質板間にゴム状弾性板がない間
隙部を外周近傍領域に形成するとともに、前記免震積層
体の外周面は、この免震積層体と一体加硫形成される外
皮ゴム層により覆われることを特徴とする請求項１、２
又は３記載の積層ゴム支承。4. The seismic isolation laminate is characterized in that the rubber-like elastic plate is located between the hard plates by positioning the outer peripheral surface of the rubber-like elastic plate at a distance L inward from the outer peripheral surface of the hard plate. 3. An outer peripheral surface of the seismic isolation laminate is covered with an outer rubber layer integrally vulcanized with the seismic isolation laminate, wherein no gap is formed in a region near the outer periphery.
Or the laminated rubber bearing according to 3.
略同形でありかつ外周面から内方に距離Ｌを隔たる外周
近傍領域に、前記ゴム状弾性板が前記硬質板に接着され
ない非接着部を形成するとともに、前記免震積層体の外
周面は、この免震積層体と一体加硫形成される外皮ゴム
層により覆われることを特徴とする請求項１、２又は３
記載の積層ゴム支承。5. The rubber-like elastic plate and the hard plate have substantially the same outer peripheral surface, and the rubber-like elastic plate is attached to the hard plate in a region near the outer periphery which is inwardly separated by a distance L from the outer peripheral surface. The non-adhesive portion which is not adhered is formed, and an outer peripheral surface of the seismic isolation laminate is covered with a skin rubber layer integrally vulcanized with the seismic isolation laminate.
The described laminated rubber bearing.
ｈ’の１．０倍以上であることを特徴とする請求項４又
は５記載の積層ゴム支承。6. The laminated rubber bearing according to claim 4, wherein the distance L is at least 1.0 times the thickness h ′ of the rubber-like elastic plate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23512298A JP2000065135A (en) | 1998-08-21 | 1998-08-21 | Laminated rubber support |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23512298A JP2000065135A (en) | 1998-08-21 | 1998-08-21 | Laminated rubber support |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2000065135A true JP2000065135A (en) | 2000-03-03 |
Family
ID=16981387
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23512298A Pending JP2000065135A (en) | 1998-08-21 | 1998-08-21 | Laminated rubber support |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2000065135A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003050313A (en) * | 2001-08-07 | 2003-02-21 | Nitto Denko Corp | Polarizing plate and liquid crystal display element |
| JP2013002509A (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2013-01-07 | Swcc Showa Device Technology Co Ltd | Laminated rubber bearing body |
| JP2013044416A (en) * | 2011-08-25 | 2013-03-04 | Swcc Showa Device Technology Co Ltd | Laminated rubber bearing body |
| JP2016028208A (en) * | 2014-07-10 | 2016-02-25 | 昭和電線デバイステクノロジー株式会社 | Laminated rubber bearing body |
-
1998
- 1998-08-21 JP JP23512298A patent/JP2000065135A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003050313A (en) * | 2001-08-07 | 2003-02-21 | Nitto Denko Corp | Polarizing plate and liquid crystal display element |
| JP2013002509A (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2013-01-07 | Swcc Showa Device Technology Co Ltd | Laminated rubber bearing body |
| JP2013044416A (en) * | 2011-08-25 | 2013-03-04 | Swcc Showa Device Technology Co Ltd | Laminated rubber bearing body |
| JP2016028208A (en) * | 2014-07-10 | 2016-02-25 | 昭和電線デバイステクノロジー株式会社 | Laminated rubber bearing body |
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