GB2185277A - Improvements in and relating to inserting tubular members into the ground - Google Patents
Improvements in and relating to inserting tubular members into the ground Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2185277A GB2185277A GB08529902A GB8529902A GB2185277A GB 2185277 A GB2185277 A GB 2185277A GB 08529902 A GB08529902 A GB 08529902A GB 8529902 A GB8529902 A GB 8529902A GB 2185277 A GB2185277 A GB 2185277A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- ground
- tubular member
- ofthe
- elongate members
- elongate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 preferably Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000000365 Oenanthe javanica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000008881 Oenanthe javanica Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/005—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries by forcing prefabricated elements through the ground, e.g. by pushing lining from an access pit
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
A method of inserting a tubular member (1) into the ground comprises providing the tubular member before insertion with a series of flexible elongate members (6) of round cross-section. A portion (6a) of each elongate member extends from the interior of the tubular member (1) to the exterior at or in the vicinity of the leading end (1a) of the tubular member. The tubular member (1) is then urged into the ground while the portions (6a) of the elongate members (6) are maintained stationary with respect to the ground so that successive portions of the elongate members are drawn from the interior to the exterior of the tubular member and are caused to extend along the outer surface of the tubular member between that surface and the ground and stationary with respect to the ground so that the elongate members lie adjacent, and substantially parallel, to one another. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Improvements in and relating to inserting tubular members into the ground
The invention relates to inserting tubular members into the ground, and especiallyto inserting tubular members into the ground in the construction of tunnels, culverts, underpasses, sub-structures for bridges,andthe like.
It is often required to provide access underneath an existing installation such as a road orrailwayto provide,for example, either a pedestrian or a vehicu- larunderpass, and it is highly desirablethatthe ground directly beneath the previously existing installation be disturbed as little as possible by the provision of such access. When the access is to be formed by inserting a tubular member into the ground in a substantially horizontal direction and excavating groundmaterialfromtheinteriorofthetubular member, difficulties arise, especially when the tubular member is of rectangular orsquare cross-section, because the tubular membertendstodrag with it, as it is inserted, a layer of the ground immediately around it.
With the aim of driving a pipe into the ground in a horizontal direction with substantially no disturbance ofthe ground above the pipe, a method has previously been proposed in which there is introduced between the ground and the upper surface ofthe pipe a sheet of material to provide a solid slip surface so that part of the pipe is substantially isolated from the ground.
The present invention provides a method of inserting a tubular member into the ground which comprises providing the tubular member before insertion with a series offlexible elongate members of round cross-section so that a portion of each elongate member extends from the interior of the tubular memberto the exterior at or in the vicinity ofthe leading endofthetubularmember, and urging the tubular memberintothe ground while maintaining the said portions ofthe elongate members extending from the leading end ofthetubular member stationary with respect to the ground so that, as the tubular member is inserted, successive portions ofthe elongate members are drawn from the interiorto the exterior of the tubular member at or in the vicinity of its leading end, and arethen caused to extend along the outer surface ofthetubular member between that surface and the ground and stationary with respect to the ground in such a mannerthatthe elongate members lie adjacent, and substantially parallel, to one another.
In the method of the invention, the tubular member bears on a part ofthe curved surface of each ofthe series of elongate members, which are stationary relative to the ground where they extend between the outer surface ofthe tubular member and the ground, as the tubular member is moved forward into the ground, and it is possibleforthe elongate members effectively to separate the tubular memberfrom the ground over at least a part of its outer surface.
Depending on ground conditions, the series of elongate members can be arranged to grip the layerof ground immediatelyadjacentto itmorefirmlythan a sheet of material so thatthe resistance to dragging of ground immediatelyadjacenttothetubularmember, as it is inserted, is increased.
After insertion ofthetubularmemberintothe ground, one or more ofthe elongate members is advantageously withdrawn from its position between the tubular member and the ground, and, preferably, each ofthe elongate members is withdrawn, in turn.
Since the elongate members can bewithdrawn individuallyand in turn, itis possibleto remove them without causing any significant disturbance ofthe ground. Removal ofthe elongate members for re-use, if desired, means that it is possible to achieve a considerable saving in cost when a furthertubular member is inserted into the ground in accordance with the method ofthe invention.
Afurtheradvantage ofthe method ofthe invention is that changes in direction ofthe path of insertion of thetubular member, which are necessary, for example, if corrections are required because of misalignments during insertion, can be accommodated, if, as is advantageous, at least the elongate members at the edges ofthe series are free to flex relative to each otherastheyaredrawnoutofthetubular member. The ability ofthe elongate memberstoflex relative to each other is also an advantage in the positioning ofthe elongate members between the tubular memberandthe ground since it enables the elongate members to pass round or over obstacles, such as stones, in their path.
The optimum spacing between adjacent elongate members ofthe series when laid between the tubular member and the ground depends, at least in part, upon ground conditions. lfthe tubular member is to be inserted into ground of a non-cohesive nature,for example, ballast, the elongate members of the series are advantageously arranged in contact with each other, but if the tubular member is to be inserted into clay, then it may well be found that arching occurs, and the elongate members ofthe series may be spaced further apart. Advantageously, however, the separation between an elongate member and its adjacent elongate memberoftheseriesdoes not exceed the diameter ofthe elongate member.
Advantageously, there is provided means to ensure that the elongate members ofthe series are located relative to each other in a lateral direction by a predetermined spacing when being laid between thte between the tubular member and the ground. The said means may comprise securing means secured to each ofthe elongate members of the series so that they lie adjacent to one another atthe said predetermined spacing and arranged at intervals along their length, but the securing means should not be such that it will prevent withdrawal of the elongate members at the end ofthe operation, and should preferably not impede to any great extent the ability ofthe elongate members to flex relative to each other as referred to above.The said locating means may
comprise, instead or in addition, guide means
arranged at orin the vicinity ofthe leading end ofthe tubularmemberforguiding the elongate members of the series between the tubular member and the
ground at the said predetermined spacing.
The method ofthe invention is especially advan
tageous when the tubular member is inserted into the
ground in a substantially horizontal direction. In such a case, when it is desired to p i vent disturbance of the ground above thetubular member, then the elongate
members ofthe series are caused to extend along at
least the uppermost portion ofthe outer surface ofthe tubular member between thatsurfaceand the ground.
When the tubular member is ofrectangularorsquare cross-section,the area of contact between the upper most surface ofthetubularmemberandthe ground is advantageously decreased by at least 60%. The arrangement may be such that the series of elongate members provides such a decrease in the contact area. Alternatively, one or more further series of elongate members may be provided and may be caused to extend along the uppermost surface of the tubular member between that surface and the ground asthetubularmemberisinserted in additiontothe first-mentioned series, the decrease of at least 60% in the contact area then being provided bythe firstmentioned seriestogetherwith the said one or more furtherseries.The said first-mentioned series of elongate members or one or more further series of elongate members may be arranged to extend along surfaces ofthetubularmember in addition to, or instead of,the uppermost surface, if desired.
Advantageously, as the elongate members are laid between the tubular member and the ground, a lubricant is introduced into the interstices between the elongate members and the tubular member, prefer ably,throughthewall ofthetubularmember. In the method of the invention, the lubricanttends to be retained inthe interstices between the elongate members and the tubular member unlike the cause when lubricant is introduced between a continuous sheet and a tubular member, in which pressure exerted bytheground on the sheet urgesthe lubricant to extrude aroundthe edges of the sheetsothat little is retained between the sheet and the tubular member.
When a lubricant is to be introduced, however,the elongate members are advantageously arranged in contact with each other.
The elongate members are advantageously ropes made from metal, preferably, steel, orfrom a polymeric material, such as polyamide, for example, nylon. They maybe of eliptical cross-section but are, preferably, substantiallycircular in cross-section. The choice of characteristics, such as tensile strength and the structure of the rope will depend upon the particular application of the method of the invention, including the length ofthe insertion path. Although it is desirable that the tensile strength ofthe ropes be as great as possible, if the ropesareto be withdrawn at the end ofthe operation, then the ropesshould not be of such a large diameter that voids left after withdrawal result in unacceptable settlement of the ground.It will generally befoundthat ropes of a diameterwithin the range of 1 Omm to 40mm provide a satisfactory compromise, and, preferably, the ropes are of a
diameter of from 1 2mm to 24mm. Also, the ropes
should be sufficiently flexible to be able to be guided from the interiorto the exterior of the tubular member
in the vicinity of its leading end in an arc of a radius which can be accommodated in the available space.
When it is desired to insert into the ground one or more furthertubular members co-axially with the first tubular member, the elongate members ofthe series are advantageously of a length sufficientto extend along the length of thefirsttubular member and the length of each ofthe said one o r or morefurthertubular members. The elongate members may be arranged to extend along the interiorofthetubularmemberor members before being laid between the tubular member and the ground, orthey may be coiled at a location adjacent to the leading end ofthefirsttubular member.
A method of inserting a tubular member into the ground will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 shows diagrammatically, and in section, the insertion of a tubular member into the ground in accordance with the method of the invention;
Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic longitudinal section through a tubular member being inserted into the ground in accordance with the method of the inven tionona largerscalethan Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is diagrammatic cross-section taken along the line Ill-Ill shown in Fig. 2;
Fig.4isthatportion ofthetubularmemberenclosed in a circle IV shown in Fig. 3 on a largerscalethan Fig.
3;
Fig. 5 is a portion of a tubular membersimilarto that shown in Fig. 4 but being inserted in accordance with a modification ofthe method ofthe invention.
Referring to the accompanying drawings, and initiallyto Fig. 1, in orderto provide a tunnel through a railway embankment E, a working pit Wand a reception pit Rare dug at each side of the embank ment. A concrete pad C is laid on the floor of the working pit W, and supports such as support S are provided in the reception pit R. A concrete tubular member, indicated generally bythe reference numeral 1, of rectangular cross-section is either cast on the site or pre-cast and transportedto the site, depending on its dimensions.The tubular member 1 has a leading end 1a,which has a rounded edge ib along its uppermost horizontal side (see Fig. 2). Secured to the leading end 1 a ofthetubular member lisa steel shield, indicated generally by the reference numeral 2, having an inclined upper cutting edge 2a and a vertically-extending lower cutting edge 2b. A horizontal shelf2csecured across the shield 2 below the inclined cutting edge 2a extends beyond the lower end, but not beyond the upper end, of the cutting edge 2a.The shield 2 issecuredtothetubular member 1 around its two vertical sides and its lower horizontal side but only at the margins of its uppermost horizontal side, a central portion of the uppermost horizontal side ofthe shield being spaced from the leading end 1a of the tubular member 1 so as to form a slot 3, which extends over approximatelythree- quarters ofthe width of the tubular member.
Thetubular member 1 andtheshield 2 are aligned for insertion into the ground, and a second tubular member4 is aligned co-axially behindthetubular member 1. Hydrualicjacks 5 are positioned between the two tubular members, to act on the wall ofthe tubular member 1, and furtherjacks (not shown) are positioned behindthetubularmember4.
A series of flexible elongate rope members 6 of substantially circular cross-section are positioned so asto extend axially along the interiorofthetubular members 1 and 4 resting on supporting frameworks 7 and 8, respectively. The frameworks 7 and 8 are constructed from, for example, scaffolding tubes, each of which is mounted at its ends in the wall ofthe tubular members 1 and 4. From the interior of the tubular member 1, portions 6a ofthe rope members 6 extend through the slot3 between the shield 2 andthe leading end 1a of the tubular member 1 to the exterior ofthetubularmember.Theportions6a ofthe rope members 6 extendingfrom the slot3 are anchoredto a head wall H built on theface ofthe embankment in the working pitW at an anchorage 9.Theform the tunnel, the hydraulicjacks 5 urgetheshield 2 andthetubular member 1 into the ground in a substantially horizontal direction through the railway embankment E. The tubular member4 is maintained in position immediately behind the tubular member 1 by means of the further hydraulicjacks (not shown).
As the shield 2 cuts into the ground, soil is removed from the interior ofthe shield, either by hand or by machine, by operators working on the shelf 2c and on the lower inside surface ofthe shield 2. The soil is transported back to the working pitW by means of a conveyor belt (not shown). As the soil is removed, the tubular member 1 is moved forward bythejacks 5, and because the portions 6a ofthe rope members 6 are secured to the anchorage 9, successive portions of the rope members are drawn from the interior ofthe tubular member 1 through the slot3 and are caused to extend along the upper surface ofthe tubular member 1 between thatsurface andtheground so thatthey lie adjacent, and substantially parallel,to one another, stationary relative to the ground.
The rope members 6 are tied together at intervals along their length by wire ties (not shown) so that they are maintained at a predetermined spacing when laid between the tubular members and4andtheground, and, in this case, the rope members are maintained in contact with each other as shown in Fig. 4. The wire ties prevent the rope members 6 riding over one another, at least at the location ofthe ties. A guide means (not shown) is also provided to guide the rope members6through the slot3 in the desired manner.
The guide means may either be a series of grooves formed in the rounded edge 1 b ofthe leading end 1 a of the tubular member 1 when it is cast, or it may be membermounted in the shield2 providedwith a seriesofgroovesorchannelsforguidingtherope members. The length of the slot 3 determines the width of the uppermost surface ofthe tubular members 1 and 4 overwhich the elongate members can extend, and it is desirableto have small clearance at each end ofthe slot between the walls ofthe slot and the rope members 61 and 62 atthe edges ofthe series.
Whereas it is desirable for the slot 3 to be as long as possible, considerations of mechanical strength ofthe shield 2 impose a limit on the length ofthe slot.
Sincethe rope members 6 are flexible relativeto each other and are only tied at intervals, it is possible forthem to pass round oroverstones in their path.
Furthermore, if a mis-alignment ofthetubular member 1 occurs as it is movedforward becauseof,for example, varying ground conditions overthe region of insertion, and a correction is necessary which results in the wall ofthe slot3 impinging on the path of the rope members 6, the rope members can flex to accomodate this.
Wheretheropemembers6arelaid betweenthe upper surface of the tubular members 1 and 4 and the ground,thetubular members bearon partofthe curved surface of each ofthe rope members and are effectively separated from the ground over that region. The rope members 6 grip the ground and prevent dragging ofthe layer of ground immedilately above therm by the tubular members 1 and 4 as they are inserted.
A lubricant is injected through injection ports 10 in thewall ofthetubularmembers 1 and 4 as they are inserted and is retained in the interstices between the rope members 6 and the uppersurface ofthetubular members. From the interstices, the lubricant penetrates beneath the rope members 6. The lubricant facilitates movement of the tubular members 1 and 4 relative to the rope members 6.
In this mannerthe tubular member 1, with the tubular member4 maintained in position behind it is moved forwardthrough the embankment the position shown in broken lines in Fig. 1 and then to a fully inserted position in which the shield 2 emerges into the reception pit R. The shield 2 is then removed.
The rope members 6 are of such a length that when the tubular members 1 and 4 have been fully inserted, portions ofthe rope members remain within the tubular member 1.
When the tubular members 1 and 4 have been fully inserted, the rope members 6 are released from the anchorage9 and arewithdrawnindividuallyandin turn.
The spacing between the rope members 6 depends at least partly on ground conditions. If the ground is of a non-cohesive nature, for example, ballast, then it is desirable for the rope members 6 to be placed in contact with each other as shown in Fig. 4. If, however, the ground is of a cohesive nature,for example, clay, then the rope members 6 can be spaced further apart as shown in Fig. 5, arching ofthe ground occurring between the rope members.
Instead of resting on the frameworks 7 and 8, the rope members 6 may be stored in a coil in the vicinity ofthe leading end Ia ofthetubular member I, preferably, within the shield 2. The series of rope members 6extending over the upper surface ofthe tubular members 1 and 4 may be replaced bytwo or more series of rope members, each being similar two the series of the rope members 6 but consisting of fewer rope members, each being drawn through a different slot between the leading end 1 a of the tubular member 1 and the sheild 2. lfdesired, one or more seris of rope members may be arranged to extend over other surfaces ofthetubular members land 4in addition to, or instead of, the upper surace.
As an example of suitable dimensions, fora tubular memberofexternal dimensions of about 4m in width
and 3.5m in height, steel wire ropes of a diameter of about 18mm can be used as the rope members 6. The tubular member 1 is about 1 2m in length and the tubularmember4about 13m in length.The rope members 6 are tied together at intervals or about of along their length. The rope members 6 are arranged, when laid between the upper surface ofthe tubular members 1 and 4andthe ground, to extend over such an area ofthe upper surface thatthe area of contact between the upper surface of the tubular members 1 and 4 and the ground is decreased by about 66% compared with the area of contact if the elongate members were not present.
Claims (29)
1. A method of inserting a tubular member into the ground which comprises providing the tubular member before insertion with a series offlexible elongate members of round cross-section so that a portion of each elongate member extends from the interior of the tubular membertothe exterioratorinthevicinity ofthe leading end ofthetubular member, and urging thetubular member into the ground while maintaining the said portions ofthe elongate members extending from the leading end ofthetubular member stationary with respectto the ground so that, as the tubularmemberis inserted, successive portions ofthe elongate members are drawn from the interiorto the exterior ofthe tubular member at or in the vicinity of its leading end, and are then caused to extend along the outer surface ofthe tubular member between that surface and the ground in such a mannerthatthe elongate members lie adjacent, and substantially parallel, to one another.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein, after insertion ofthe tubular member into the ground, one or moreofthe elongate members is withdrawn from its position between the tubular member and the ground.
3. A method as claimed in claim 2, wherein each of the elongate members is withdrawn, in turn.
4. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to3, wherein at leastthe elongate members atthe edges of the series are free to flex relative to each other as they are drawn out of the tubular member.
5. A method as claimed in anyone of claims 1 to 4, wherein the separation between an elongate member and its adjacent elongate member oftheseries does not exceled the diameter ofthe elongate member.
6. A method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the elongate members oftheseries are arranged in contactwith each other.
7. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein there is provided means to ensure that the elongate members oftheseriesare located relative to
each otherin lateral direction buy a predetermined spacing when being laid between the tubular member
and the ground.
8. A method as claimed in claim 7,wherein the said means comprises securing means securedto each ofthe elongate members ofthe series so that they lie adjacentto one another atthe said predeter
mined spacing and arranged at intervals along their
length.
9. Amethod as claimed in anyone of claims 1 to 8, wherein the said locating means comprises guide means arranged at or in the vicinity ofthe leading end ofthetubular memberforguiding the elongate members ofthe series between the tubular member and the ground at the said predetermined spacing.
10. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the tubular member is inserted into the ground in a substantially horizontal direction.
11. A method as claimed in claim 10, wherein the elongate members ofthe series are caused to extend along at least the uppermost portion ofthe outer surface of the tubular member between that surface and the ground.
12. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the tubular member is of rectangular or square cross-section.
13. A method as claimed in claim 12 when dependent on claim 11, wherein the series of elongate members provides a decrease in the area of contact between the uppermost surface of the tubular mem berandtheground of at least 60%.
14. A method as claimed in any of claims 1 to 13, wherein one or more further series of elongate membersare provided and causedto extend along the outer surface ofthe tubular member between that surface and the ground, asthetubularmemberis inserted.
15. A method as claimed in claim 14,wherein the tubularmemberisofrectangularorsquarecross- section, thefirst-mentionedseries of elongate members and one or more ofthesaidfurtherseries of elongate members are caused to extend along the uppermost surface ofthe tubular member between thatsurface and the ground asthetubular member is inserted, and the first-mentioned series together with one or more of the said further series provide a decrease in the area of contact between the upper most surface ofthetubularmemberandthe ground of at least60%.
16. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 15,wherein, as the elongate members are laid between the tubular member and the ground, a lubricant is introduced into the interstices between the elongate members and the tubular member,
17. A method as claimed in claim 16, wherein the lubricant is introduced through the wall ofthetubular member during insertion of the tubular member into the ground.
18. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 17,wherein the elongate members are ropes.
19. A method as claimed in claim 18, wherein the ropeare made from metal.
20. A method as claimed in claim 19, wherein the ropes are made from steel.
21. A method as claimed in claim 18, wherein the ropes are made from apolymeric material.
22. A method as claimed in claim 21, wherein the ropes are made from a polyamide.
23. A method as claimed in claim 22, wherein the polyamide is a nylon.
24. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 23, wherein the ropes are of substantially circular cross-section.
25. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 24, wherein the elongate members are of a diameter within the range of from 1 Om m to 40m m.
26. A method as claimed in claim 25, wherein he elongate members are of a diameterwithin the range offrom 12mmto24mm.
27. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 26, wherein one ormorefurthertubularmembers are inserted into the ground co-axially with thefirst tubular member, and the series of elongate members are of a length sufficientto extend along the outer surfaces of the first tubular member and each ofthe said one ormorefurthertubularmembers.
28. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 27, wherein the elongate members are coiled at a location adjacent to the vicinity of the leading end of the tubular member before being laid between the tubularmemberandtheground.
29. A method substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08529902A GB2185277B (en) | 1985-12-04 | 1985-12-04 | Improvements in and relating to inserting tubular members into the ground |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08529902A GB2185277B (en) | 1985-12-04 | 1985-12-04 | Improvements in and relating to inserting tubular members into the ground |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8529902D0 GB8529902D0 (en) | 1986-01-15 |
| GB2185277A true GB2185277A (en) | 1987-07-15 |
| GB2185277B GB2185277B (en) | 1988-10-19 |
Family
ID=10589250
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08529902A Expired GB2185277B (en) | 1985-12-04 | 1985-12-04 | Improvements in and relating to inserting tubular members into the ground |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2185277B (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0431909A1 (en) | 1989-12-07 | 1991-06-12 | ROPKINS, John Wilfred Thomas | Improvements in and relating to forming a passageway through the ground |
| GB2317405A (en) * | 1996-09-18 | 1998-03-25 | Murphy J & Sons Ltd | Drivng a tubular member into the ground |
| WO1998049425A1 (en) * | 1997-04-30 | 1998-11-05 | Bilfinger + Berger Bauaktiengesellschaft | Method for building a tunnel under an existing construction |
| WO2011144776A1 (en) * | 2010-05-19 | 2011-11-24 | Obras Y Proyectos, Ecología Y Medio Ambiente, S.L. (Opema) | Incremental tunnel |
| ES2393760A1 (en) * | 2010-12-16 | 2012-12-27 | Obras Y Proyectos, Ecología Y Medio Ambiente, S.L. (Opema) | Tunnel pushed through successive sections. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
-
1985
- 1985-12-04 GB GB08529902A patent/GB2185277B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0431909A1 (en) | 1989-12-07 | 1991-06-12 | ROPKINS, John Wilfred Thomas | Improvements in and relating to forming a passageway through the ground |
| US5129760A (en) * | 1989-12-07 | 1992-07-14 | Aeb Jacked Structures Limited | Forming a passageway through the ground |
| GB2317405A (en) * | 1996-09-18 | 1998-03-25 | Murphy J & Sons Ltd | Drivng a tubular member into the ground |
| GB2317405B (en) * | 1996-09-18 | 2000-11-15 | Murphy & Sons Ltd J | Improvements in or relating to a method of,and apparatus for,inserting tubular members into the ground |
| WO1998049425A1 (en) * | 1997-04-30 | 1998-11-05 | Bilfinger + Berger Bauaktiengesellschaft | Method for building a tunnel under an existing construction |
| WO2011144776A1 (en) * | 2010-05-19 | 2011-11-24 | Obras Y Proyectos, Ecología Y Medio Ambiente, S.L. (Opema) | Incremental tunnel |
| ES2370621A1 (en) * | 2010-05-19 | 2011-12-21 | Obras Y Proyectos, Ecología Y Medio Ambiente, S.L. (Opema) | Incremental tunnel |
| ES2393760A1 (en) * | 2010-12-16 | 2012-12-27 | Obras Y Proyectos, Ecología Y Medio Ambiente, S.L. (Opema) | Tunnel pushed through successive sections. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2185277B (en) | 1988-10-19 |
| GB8529902D0 (en) | 1986-01-15 |
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| 732 | Registration of transactions, instruments or events in the register (sect. 32/1977) | ||
| PE20 | Patent expired after termination of 20 years |
Effective date: 20051203 |