GB2060600A - Process for the treatment of soil and industrial waste solids - Google Patents
Process for the treatment of soil and industrial waste solids Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2060600A GB2060600A GB7944424A GB7944424A GB2060600A GB 2060600 A GB2060600 A GB 2060600A GB 7944424 A GB7944424 A GB 7944424A GB 7944424 A GB7944424 A GB 7944424A GB 2060600 A GB2060600 A GB 2060600A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- industrial waste
- waste solids
- treating soil
- soil
- mixture
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000009747 press moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010801 sewage sludge Substances 0.000 description 3
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- LKAPTZKZHMOIRE-KVTDHHQDSA-N (2s,3s,4s,5r)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-2-carbaldehyde Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](C=O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O LKAPTZKZHMOIRE-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- LKAPTZKZHMOIRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N chitose Natural products OCC1OC(C=O)C(O)C1O LKAPTZKZHMOIRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002781 deodorant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
- E04C1/40—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
- B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28C7/00—Controlling the operation of apparatus for producing mixtures of clay or cement with other substances; Supplying or proportioning the ingredients for mixing clay or cement with other substances; Discharging the mixture
- B28C7/04—Supplying or proportioning the ingredients
- B28C7/12—Supplying or proportioning liquid ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/008—Sludge treatment by fixation or solidification
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
- C04B14/36—Inorganic materials not provided for in groups C04B14/022 and C04B14/04 - C04B14/34
- C04B14/361—Soil, e.g. laterite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/24—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
- C04B28/26—Silicates of the alkali metals
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C5/00—Pavings made of prefabricated single units
- E01C5/06—Pavings made of prefabricated single units made of units with cement or like binders
- E01C5/065—Pavings made of prefabricated single units made of units with cement or like binders characterised by their structure or component materials, e.g. concrete layers of different structure, special additives
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
A process for the treatment of soil(s) and/or industrial waste solids involves press-moulding. Starting materials of controlled different particle size are mixed in order to obtain an optimum compact structure, while eliminating agglomerated structures in the mixture and small quantities of slaked lime and cement and/or sodium silicate as binders are also added. Mixing of the materials is effected by means of a mixer equipped with rollers for a sufficient period of time and then press-moulding is effected in a mould equipped with perforations for drainage under evacuation, thereby obtaining moulded articles such as building blocks.
Description
SPECIFICATION
Process for the treatment of soil and industrial waste solids
The present invention relates to a process of treating soil and solid industrial waste, particularly involving the mixing of materials of different particle size in order to achieve an optimum of compactness in structure.
In the past, solid industrial waste has often been "treated" by burying it or by incineration to reduce it to disposable ashes. However, there are many varieties of non-combustible industrial waste which create a serious problem of disposal. Furthermore, control of environmental pollution enhances this problem significantly and the regeneration process for non-combustible solid waste from civil engineering and construction fields adds to the importance of this problem.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a process for the treatment of non-combustible, solid waste and thereby obtaining potentially valuable materials and preventing secondary pollution.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a process for enabling the treatment of soils, particularly soils from civil engineering and the construction industries. A further object of the present invention is to provide a process for enabling the treatment of ashes from urban waste, thereby obtaining moulded products free from heavy metal pollution. Furthermore, it is an object of the present invention to present a process for enabling the treatment of industrial sewage regeneration.
Furthermore, it is the object of the present invention to provide a process for enabling the mixing of different types of industrial waste and thereby obtaining potentially valuable materials therefrom.
According to the present invention there is provided a process for treating soil and industrial waste solids, which process comprises mixing materials of controlled different particle size to obtain a compact structure, eliminating thereby agglomerating structures in the mixture, adding calcium salt before addition of cement and/or sodium silicate binder(s), mixing the materials by means of a mixer equipped with rollers for a sufficient time, while simultaneously controlling the water content of the mixture, and then press-moulding the mixture in a mould equipped with perforations for drainage under evacuation, in order to obtain moulded articles having generally excellent physical properties. The invention also provides the product of the process of the invention.
The following points are highly advantageous for effecting the process of the present invention:
1. Maximum particle size to be processed:
maximum particle size should not exceed a diameter of 5 (five) cm;
Controlling the particle size distribution in the starting mixture:
the materials to be processed should be mixed to obtain an optimum mixing ratio of different particle size, for example 9 parts of coarse ashes, 2 parts of fine ashes and 1 part of industrial sewage sludge, in order to obtain the maximum compactness in structure. Under ordinary circumstances, a moulded structure of excellent properties can be processed from, for example, soils by adding two parts of sandy soil to one part of clay soil, thereby improving the permeability and density of the material.It thus is clear that the control of the size of the particles in the mixture is highly preferred in the process of the present invention.
2. Essentially complete elimination of agglomerated structures in the starting materials:
Generally, clay comprises various particles no laryer than 74 y in size which are physically bound by water, plus a number of ions, thus forming the agglomerated structure of soils. Therefore, cement and similar binders cannot enter within the spaces of the agglomerated structures of the soils. On the other hand, water enters easily into the spaces of the said structures and the agglomeration of the structures can be destroyed by increasing the volume by approximately 9%, corresponding to approximately 1 50 kg/cm2 pressure, when cooled down below freezing point, and repeated freezing will destroy the moulded product completely.Accordingly, the agglomerated structure should be completely destroyed in order to obtain moulded products of excellent properties under any normal temperature.
Conventional concrete mixers are therefore not applicable for this process but a special mixer equipped with rollers (rolling mixer) should be used. Differences in physical properties of the respective products obtained by the use of a conventional mixer or a special rolling mixer are shown in the following table:
Compressive Binding Stability Strength Strength during freezing Conventional mixer 53 kg/cm2 6.4 kg/cm2 destroyed Rolling mixer 106 kg/cm2 11.4 kg/cm2 stable Sample:Kanto-loam soil Compaction force: 90 kg/cm2 Strength: after 28 days in air
The size distribution of the destroyed agglomerated structures is highly preferred for the present invention.
3. The addition of calcium salts before adding other binders:
Solidification of cement as a binder can be effected by calcium ions from a calcium salt. However, materials from industrial waste usually contain impurities from organic materials and heavy metal ions as well as soil; thus, calcium ions would be generally absorbed before they could act with the binding cement. Thus, the presence of heavy metal ions and organic materials in the starting mixture will disturb the solidification process of binders such as cement. In order to avoid such problems, from 3 to 5 weight-% of calcium salts should preferably be added to the starting mixture before the cement or other binder is added. The effect of this pre-addition of calcium salts can then be clearly observed.After this addition, preferably from 5 to 20% of cement and from 3 to 5% of sodium silicate (based on the weight of the mixture) should be added as binder(s). The sodium silicate is an important additive in order to produce pollution-free moulded products that are not subject to errosion under normal conditions.
4. Control of water content in the mixture:
The water content of the mixture greatly influences the efficiency of the process and the properties of the product. Therefore, an optimum water content must be maintained carefully, in order to obtain the maximum compactness and temperature-resistance of the product, before the moulding procedure.
For example, from 1 8 to 24% of water is normally the optimum content in a mixture of Kanto-loam soil with Narita sand.
5. Preferable mixing time:
In the case of a mixture of Kanto-loam soil and Narita sand, the optimum time-range of mixing would be about 15 min. A shorter mixing time would normally cause insufficient mixing whereas a longer mixing time would generally result in a re-agglomeration of the soil particles and at the same time prevent the desired compactness. Therefore, the mixing time should be maintained within the optimum range.
6. Press-moulding under evacuation:
To avoid the effect of over-compactness, the procedure of moulding should normally be conducted under vacuum. A special mould designed with a device for the evacuation of both air and water included in the mixture was employed for this purpose. To attain the desired physical properties of the product, the compactness-effort Q should be maintained above a value of 20 kg/cm2 and a moulding time of approximately 30 to 50 seconds is normally required.
For a better understanding of the present invention and to show how the same may be put into effect, reference will now be made, by way of example, to the accompanying drawings, in which:~
Figure 1 shows an elevational view, partly in section, of a preferred embodiment of a mould for use in the present invention,
Figure 2 shows a flow diagram of a process applied to soils and the thus-moulded products thereof, in accordance with the present invention,
Figure 3 shows a flow diagram of a process applied to ashes from industrial waste, in accordance with the present invention, and
Figure 4 shows a flow diagram of a process applied to industrial sewage sludge, in accordance with the present invention.
Referring now to Figure 1, the materials that are to be moulded are finely divided, calcium salt is added and then the binders that include cement and sodium silicate are added. This mixture is inserted into a press-moud (A) which has a filter-cloth (B) and a filter-net (B') incorporated and pressed by means of a piston (C) equipped with an evacuation drainage (D) in the direction of the arrows, thereby evacuating the excess water and air in the mould. Thus, it must be noted that the spliton-type-mould, which was previously difficult to obtain, can be easily attained from crushed stones and the like, according to the process of the present invention by inserting a sheet of film (E) into the middle of the materials (F) charged in the mould. This has quite an important significance in the technical field.
In Figure 2, an example of a flow diagram is shown, according to a process applied to moulding of soils using the present invention. The soils comprise Kanto-loam soil of coarse particles 1 and sand consisting of fine particles 2. There is shown a crusher 1', a mixer 3 equipped with rollers, an evacuating mould 4 and the product 5 obtained. Also shown are a cement silo 6, a lime silo 7 and a water tank 8.
Figure 3 shows a flow diagram according to a process applied to ashes from industrial waste using the present invention, wherein coarse particles 1", fine particles 2" and sludge 9 are mixed in a ratio of 7:2:1, in a mixer equipped with rollers 3; slaked lime is added at 6 and white cement plus sodium silicate are added at 7; then follows press-moulding at 4 under evacuation while controlling the water content therein.
Figure 4 is an example of a flow diagram of a process applied to sludges from industrial sewage using the present invention. The industrial sewage 10 is separated from the solid contents via a procedure of sedementation and coagulation at 1 1 while controlling the pH at 12. The sludges thus obtained from 1 1 and 12 are then mixed with additional ashes from industrial waste - coarse and fine portions only - and are further mixed with slaked lime, cement and sodium silicate. This mixture is moulded in mould 4 under pressure after controlling the water content, thus obtaining product 5.
The following Examples further illustrate the present invention. Herein, all percentages and parts are based on the weight of the dry materials, unless otherwise specified.
EXAMPLE 1
One part of Kanto-loam soil was mixed with one part of seashore sand and to this mixture 5% of slaked lime and 1 5% of cement were added, together with water. After a mixing time of 15 min., the mixture was charged and press-moulded in a block-mould under a pressure of 120 tons for 30 sec., under vacuum (compactness-effort: 20 kg/cm2). The thus-moulded product had a compressive strength of 150 kg/cm2 and a bending strength of 14 kg/cm2, as well as a 4 x 10-3 cm/sec. permeability coefficient and a 5% water absorption coefficient. Thus, the product is suitable for application as a road material and in an earth barrier for storage dams. In further tests, the product was not destroyed when exposed to repeated freezing procedures, nor in heating tests.
EXAMPLE 2
One part of Narita sand was mixed with one part of high water content mud collected from the sea
bed of Tokyo Bay. Added thereto were 2% of slaked slime and 10% of cement, which was followed by sufficient mixing in order to eliminate the agglomerated structures. The mixture so-obtained was charged into a mould according to the present invention and then press-moulded at a pressure of 120 tons (compactness-effort: 20 kg/cm2) for 90 sec., under vacuum. The thus-obtained product had a compressive strength of more than 100 kg/cm2 and was not destructed by the following repeated freezing and heating tests. On the other hand, a sample which contained no slaked lime had a compressive strength of less than 30 kg/cm2 and broke down after about one hour because of the absorption of water when immersed into water.
EXAMPLE 3
One part of Kagoshima Sirasu soil was mixed with one part of Narita sand and 2% of slaked lime and 15% of cement were added, together with water. This mixture was then charged into a mould and press-moulded under a pressure of 120 tons under vacuum. The thus-moulded product had a bending strength of 1 3.8a kg/cm2, a compressive strength of 98.01 kg/cm2 and a value of permeability coefficient of 2.46 x 10-8 cm/sec. The product also showed stability in the seven cycles of freezing and
heating tests.
EXAMPLE 4
Ashes of urban waste containing 29% of water (Chitose, Tokyo Prefectural Government) were
mixed with industrial sewage sludge in a ratio of 9 parts of coarse ash, 2 parts of fine ash and 1 part of sludge. 1 m3 of this mixture was used and added were 131 g of FeCI3, 333 g of slaked lime, 1% of organic deodorant, 10% of cement and a further 2% of slaked lime. After mixing the contents for a
sufficient time, the mixture was then charged into mould and pressure-moulded under a pressure of
120 tons under vacuum for 30 sec. The thus-obtained product had a compressive strength of 180 kg/cm2 and a density of 2.3. Repeated freezing and heating tests between --200C and 300C also
showed stable, physical properties.
EXAMPLE 5
Industrial sewage from a reserve tank for wool washing water was treated in a furnace, which had a capacity of 2 m3 of ash, 0.2 m3 of wool ash and 0.7 m3 of sedimented materials, all per day. The above
mentioned ashes and sedimented materials were mixed in a ratio of 58:32:10 and press-moulded under a pressure of 100 tons. The product obtained had a bending strength of 39.39 kg/cm2 and a compressive strength of 142.1 kg/cm2 after 4 weeks.
While the present invention has been illustrated by detailed descriptions of several preferred embodiments thereof, it will be obvious to those skilled in this field, that various changes in form and detail can be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (14)
1. A process for treating soil and industrial waste solids, which process comprises mixing
materials of controlled different particle size to obtain a compact structure, eliminating thereby agglomerating structures in the mixture, adding calcium salt before addition of cement and/or sodium silicate binder(s), mixing the materials by means of a mixer equipped with rollers for a sufficient time, while simultaneously controlling the water content of the mixture, and then press-moulding the mixture in a mould equipped with perforations for drainage under evacuation, in order to obtain moulded articles
having generally excellent physical properties.
2. A process according to Claim 1, wherein the moulded articles are building blocks made of soil(s), ashes and industrial waste.
3. A process according to Claim 1 , wherein the materials comprise industrial sewage for obtaining building blocks free from heavy metal pollution.
4. A process according to Claim 1, wherein spliton-type building block is produced by inserting a sheet of film into the middle of the materials charged in the mould.
5. A process for treating soil and industrial waste solids, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings.
6. A process for treating soil and industrial waste solids, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figure 2 of the accompanying drawings.
7. A process for treating soil and industrial waste solids, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figure 3 of the accompanying drawings.
8. A process for treating soil and industrial waste solids, substantially as hereinbefore described
with reference to Figure 4 of the accompanying drawings.
9. A process for treating soil and industrial waste solids, substantially as described in foregoing
Example 1.
10. A process for treating soil and industrial waste solids, substantially as described in foregoing
Example 2.
11. A process for treating soil and industrial waste solids, substantially as described in foregoing
Example 3.
12. A process for treating soil and industrial waste solids, substantially as described in foregoing
Example 4.
13. A process for treating soil and industrial waste solids, substantially as described in foregoing
Example 5.
14. A product whenever obtained by the process of any one of the preceding claims.
1 5. Any novel feature or combination of features described herein.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10922779A JPS5633099A (en) | 1979-08-29 | 1979-08-29 | Treatment of earth/sand and industrial waste |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2060600A true GB2060600A (en) | 1981-05-07 |
Family
ID=14504822
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7944424A Withdrawn GB2060600A (en) | 1979-08-29 | 1979-12-28 | Process for the treatment of soil and industrial waste solids |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5633099A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2943655A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2464232A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2060600A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0375653A2 (en) * | 1988-12-23 | 1990-06-27 | Perlmooser Zementwerke Aktiengesellschaft | Process for the treatment of waste |
| FR2689120A1 (en) * | 1992-03-25 | 1993-10-01 | Lefebvre Entr Jean | Stabilising incinerated household waste residue - by adding hydraulic binder to prevent release of toxic material during lixiviation |
| EP0839773A1 (en) * | 1996-11-04 | 1998-05-06 | Koninklijke Wegenbouw Stevin B.V. | Method of making a building material |
| NL1007444C2 (en) * | 1996-11-04 | 1998-05-14 | Stevin Wegenbouw | Contaminated soil containing clay is converted to building product |
| FR2781394A1 (en) * | 1998-07-27 | 2000-01-28 | Armines Ass Pour La Rech Et Le | Matrix production method for confining waste, notably waste containing toxic heavy metals |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59214455A (en) * | 1983-05-21 | 1984-12-04 | 大纏 直之 | Moxa apparatus |
| JPS61135662A (en) * | 1984-10-12 | 1986-06-23 | 高橋 治男 | Electric moxibustion device |
| DE4107927C2 (en) * | 1991-03-08 | 1994-11-24 | Noell Abfall & Energietech | Process for the immobilization of pollutant-containing residues from the flue gas cleaning |
-
1979
- 1979-08-29 JP JP10922779A patent/JPS5633099A/en active Pending
- 1979-10-29 DE DE19792943655 patent/DE2943655A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1979-12-27 FR FR7931739A patent/FR2464232A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1979-12-28 GB GB7944424A patent/GB2060600A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0375653A2 (en) * | 1988-12-23 | 1990-06-27 | Perlmooser Zementwerke Aktiengesellschaft | Process for the treatment of waste |
| EP0375653A3 (en) * | 1988-12-23 | 1991-03-20 | Perlmooser Zementwerke Aktiengesellschaft | Process for the treatment of waste |
| FR2689120A1 (en) * | 1992-03-25 | 1993-10-01 | Lefebvre Entr Jean | Stabilising incinerated household waste residue - by adding hydraulic binder to prevent release of toxic material during lixiviation |
| EP0839773A1 (en) * | 1996-11-04 | 1998-05-06 | Koninklijke Wegenbouw Stevin B.V. | Method of making a building material |
| NL1007444C2 (en) * | 1996-11-04 | 1998-05-14 | Stevin Wegenbouw | Contaminated soil containing clay is converted to building product |
| FR2781394A1 (en) * | 1998-07-27 | 2000-01-28 | Armines Ass Pour La Rech Et Le | Matrix production method for confining waste, notably waste containing toxic heavy metals |
| WO2000006520A1 (en) * | 1998-07-27 | 2000-02-10 | A.R.M.I.N.E.S. - Association Pour La Recherche Et Le Developpement Des Methodes Et Processus Industriels | Method for producing a waste containment matrix |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5633099A (en) | 1981-04-03 |
| DE2943655A1 (en) | 1981-03-12 |
| FR2464232A1 (en) | 1981-03-06 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |