GB1586548A - Planar face wheel gears and gear assemblies - Google Patents

Planar face wheel gears and gear assemblies Download PDF

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Publication number
GB1586548A
GB1586548A GB313078A GB313078A GB1586548A GB 1586548 A GB1586548 A GB 1586548A GB 313078 A GB313078 A GB 313078A GB 313078 A GB313078 A GB 313078A GB 1586548 A GB1586548 A GB 1586548A
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GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
gear
face
wheel
tool
teeth
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB313078A
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Walterscheid GmbH
Original Assignee
GKN Walterscheid GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GKN Walterscheid GmbH filed Critical GKN Walterscheid GmbH
Publication of GB1586548A publication Critical patent/GB1586548A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H1/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H1/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H1/04—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion involving only two intermeshing members
    • F16H1/12—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion involving only two intermeshing members with non-parallel axes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
    • B23F15/00—Methods or machines for making gear wheels of special kinds not covered by groups B23F7/00 - B23F13/00
    • B23F15/06—Making gear teeth on the front surface of wheels, e.g. for clutches or couplings with toothed faces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
    • B23F21/00—Tools specially adapted for use in machines for manufacturing gear teeth
    • B23F21/04—Planing or slotting tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
    • B23F21/00—Tools specially adapted for use in machines for manufacturing gear teeth
    • B23F21/12—Milling tools
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
    • F16H55/02—Toothed members; Worms
    • F16H55/08—Profiling
    • F16H55/0846—Intersecting-shaft arrangement of the toothed members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
    • F16H55/02—Toothed members; Worms
    • F16H55/17—Toothed wheels
    • F16H2055/173—Crown gears, i.e. gears have axially arranged teeth

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gears, Cams (AREA)
  • Gear Processing (AREA)

Description

(54) IMPROVEMENTS IN OR RELATING TO PLANAR FACE WHEEL GEARS AND GEAR ASSEMBLIES (71) We, JEAN WALTERSCHEID GMBH, a Company organised and existing under the laws of the Federal Republic of Germany, of Hauptstrasse 150, 5204 Lohmar/ Rhld. 1 Germany, do hereby declare the invention for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement: This invention relates to a gear assembly wherein the axes of rotation of the two gear wheels comprising the assembly lie in the same plane and are at right angles to each other.
Toothed wheel gearings incorporating a face gear wheel and a cylindrical pinion are known from Dubbel's Taschenbuch fur den Maschinenbau 1953, page 673, Figure 224. These gearings are essentially a plane-worm gear drive modification of the conventional bevel worm gear system. Gears of this kind are provided with a so-called palloid-cogging wherein the axes of the gear wheels extend in relatively different planes.
Planar, or face-worm gears are expensive to make. Moreover, transmission therethrough incurs excessive friction and they also have a limited transmission capacity. For these reasons planar or face-worm gears have not been very widely adopted in practice.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a toothed transmission comprising a pair of gear wheels the axes of rotation of which extend at right angles to each other one of the two gears being provided with conventional spur gear teeth.
According to one aspect of the present invention we provide a gear assembly comprising two toothed wheels whereof the axes of rotation lie in the same plane and are at right angles to each other, one of the toothed wheels comprising a pinion having straight spur gearing and the other toothed wheel comprising a planar face wheel having straight gear teeth on a front face therebf, the arrangement being such that the inner sides of respective gear teeth of the face wheel which are situated at opposite ends of the arc over which gear teeth of the pinion and face wheel are in mesh are parallel to each other.
With a gear assembly as described above it is possible for one of the two gear wheels to be a standard comercial component. The benefit of this is particularly evident in the application of the gear assembly for use in transmission between an electric starter motor device and an internal combustion engine.
In certain cases it is imperative that the electric starter motor for internal combustion engines should not be connected with the engine in the usual conventional way, that is to say, not with relatively parallel axes of rotation for the starter pinion and the ring gear which is generally provided on the flywheel of the internal combustion engine.
It has been tried, therefore to construct starter gears in the form of bevel gearings with axes of rotation at right angles to each other.
However, such arrangements give rise to problems created by axial forces which frequently prevent the sure and reliable complete turning of the engine.
The application of the aforedescribed gear assembly not only avoids this disadvantage but also permits conventional starter motors with normal built-in spur-gear pinions to be successfully used.
According to another aspect of the invention we provide a method of making a planar face wheel gear having straight gear teeth on a front face thereof for use in the gear assembly as aforedescribed wherein said inner sides of the teeth which are parallel to each other are machined simultaneously with each other.
Preferably the inner sides of the teeth which are parallel to each other are produced by a single step division or by a self generating hobbing method.
A planar face gear with straight frontal or spur gearing having opposing tooth sides of respective gear teeth at opposite ends of the arc over which gear teeth of the pinion and face wheel are in mesh, parallel to each other may be produced by any of the conventional gear manufacturing methods.
This may be done by simultaneously cutting, or otherwise machining to the required finished size and form only those two respective gear teeth inner sides, which are parallel to each other and to complete the opposite tooth sides by a single division or by a hobbing process.
Since each tooth side of the planar face gear wheel is associated with another tooth side extending parallel thereto, the gearing according to this invention can be advantageously produced with the aid of a combination tool designed to allow the simultaneous fashioning or machining of pairs of relatively parallel tooth flanks. With the aid of a tool of this kind the face gearing of the planar face gear wheel according to this invention can be produced by conventional gear manufacturing methods.
Conveniently the gear fashioning tool is designed in such a way that only the cutting edges thereof which work on the said pairs of relatively parallel tooth sides are adapted to finish to the required size and form, and the remaining cutting edges of the tool are ground free, or cut back, to leave offsets on the tooth flanks treated thereby.
The above described provision may be used in conjunction with a single dividing gear manufacturing process as well as with a self generating or hob method and it affords an economical way of machining the teeth on the face gear wheel for use in the present invention.
A suitable fashioning tool for the face gear wheel is, for example, a twin slotting tool or impact chisel comprising a pair of outer cutting edges which are adapted to finish the inner relatively parallel sides of the teeth to the required size and a pair of inner cutting edges for roughing out the other sides of the teeth. Machining the gear with the aid of a.
twin slotting tool, or impact chisel, presents the important advantage that the tool itself is simple and cheap. Naturally, instead of using such a tool, it is also possible to operate with the hobbing, or self generating impact method using a pinion-type cutter tool.
In another embodiment of the invention a pair of inter-connected or linked side-milling cutters are used as fashioning tools. Here again, for example the outer tool cutting edges finish to size the tooth sides which are parallel to each other, whilst the inner cutting edges of the tool rough out the tooth sides which face the first mentioned sides.
In large scale production the face gear wheel can be produced in a particularly economical manner by means of a hob milling cutter which is ground to the modified configuration hereinbefore described.
The invention will now be described in more detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings wherein: FIGURE 1 illustrates the pinion and also a side and plan view of a portion of the face gear wheel, FIGURE 2 illustrates a method of fashioning the face gear wheel using a twin slotting tool or impact chisel, FIGURE 3 shows the machining of the face gear wheel by means of a pair of interlocked side milling cutters, and FIGURE 4 shows the machining of the face gear wheel with the aid of a milling cutter of the hobbing or self generating type.
Figure 1 illustrates the engagement between the teeth 6 of a pinion 5 and the teeth 7 of the face gear wheel 1. The two relatively parallel tooth flanks 2 define the arc over which the gear teeth of the pinion and face wheel are in mesh. In the illustrated position the rela tively parallel tooth sides 2 of the face gear wheel 1 are also parallel with the axis of rotation of the pinion 5. Within the arc 4 the teeth 7 of the face gear wheel 1 presents them selves to the teeth of the pinion as if they were on a rackbar. Another pair of relatively para llel tooth sides are shown at 3.
Figure 2 illustrates in principle the machin ing of the face gear wheel 1 by means of a twin slotting tool or impact chisel 8. The twin slotting tool 8 is provided with a pair of cut ting edges (9,9') situated on the outer side of the tool and adapted to finish to size, and also with a pair of inwardly situated roughing out edges (10,10') which rough out the res pective tooth sides facing the first mentioned sides to a certain offset or excess size. The work here progresses by the single dividing method.
The treatment according to Figure 3 pro gresses in a similar manner. In this case the tool is a pair of interlinked side milling cutters 11 each having an outer cutting edge for finishing to size and an inner edge for rough ing out work. Again the work progresses by the single step divisional method.
A continuous process is obtained with the aid of a self generating or hobbing milling cutter 12. The process resembles the conventional gear milling process by hobbing however, the milling cutter is ground free, or cut away in such a way that in each case only the two relatively parallel tooth sides are cut to size whereas the other flanks are simply roughed out.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS:- 1. A gear assembly comprising two toothed wheels whereof the axes of rotation lie in the same plane and are at right angles to each other, one of the toothed wheels comprising a pinion having straight spur gearing and the other toothed wheel comprising a planar face wheel having straight gear teeth on a front face thereof, the arrangement being such that the inner sides of respective gear teeth of the face wheel which are situated at opposite ends of the arc over which gear teeth of the pinion and the gear face are in mesh, are parallel to.
each other.
2. A method of making a planar face wheel gear having straight gear teeth on a front face thereof for use in the gear assembly as claimed
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.

Claims (12)

  1. **WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **.
    other and to complete the opposite tooth sides by a single division or by a hobbing process.
    Since each tooth side of the planar face gear wheel is associated with another tooth side extending parallel thereto, the gearing according to this invention can be advantageously produced with the aid of a combination tool designed to allow the simultaneous fashioning or machining of pairs of relatively parallel tooth flanks. With the aid of a tool of this kind the face gearing of the planar face gear wheel according to this invention can be produced by conventional gear manufacturing methods.
    Conveniently the gear fashioning tool is designed in such a way that only the cutting edges thereof which work on the said pairs of relatively parallel tooth sides are adapted to finish to the required size and form, and the remaining cutting edges of the tool are ground free, or cut back, to leave offsets on the tooth flanks treated thereby.
    The above described provision may be used in conjunction with a single dividing gear manufacturing process as well as with a self generating or hob method and it affords an economical way of machining the teeth on the face gear wheel for use in the present invention.
    A suitable fashioning tool for the face gear wheel is, for example, a twin slotting tool or impact chisel comprising a pair of outer cutting edges which are adapted to finish the inner relatively parallel sides of the teeth to the required size and a pair of inner cutting edges for roughing out the other sides of the teeth. Machining the gear with the aid of a.
    twin slotting tool, or impact chisel, presents the important advantage that the tool itself is simple and cheap. Naturally, instead of using such a tool, it is also possible to operate with the hobbing, or self generating impact method using a pinion-type cutter tool.
    In another embodiment of the invention a pair of inter-connected or linked side-milling cutters are used as fashioning tools. Here again, for example the outer tool cutting edges finish to size the tooth sides which are parallel to each other, whilst the inner cutting edges of the tool rough out the tooth sides which face the first mentioned sides.
    In large scale production the face gear wheel can be produced in a particularly economical manner by means of a hob milling cutter which is ground to the modified configuration hereinbefore described.
    The invention will now be described in more detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings wherein: FIGURE 1 illustrates the pinion and also a side and plan view of a portion of the face gear wheel, FIGURE 2 illustrates a method of fashioning the face gear wheel using a twin slotting tool or impact chisel, FIGURE 3 shows the machining of the face gear wheel by means of a pair of interlocked side milling cutters, and FIGURE 4 shows the machining of the face gear wheel with the aid of a milling cutter of the hobbing or self generating type.
    Figure 1 illustrates the engagement between the teeth 6 of a pinion 5 and the teeth 7 of the face gear wheel 1. The two relatively parallel tooth flanks 2 define the arc over which the gear teeth of the pinion and face wheel are in mesh. In the illustrated position the rela tively parallel tooth sides 2 of the face gear wheel 1 are also parallel with the axis of rotation of the pinion 5. Within the arc 4 the teeth 7 of the face gear wheel 1 presents them selves to the teeth of the pinion as if they were on a rackbar. Another pair of relatively para llel tooth sides are shown at 3.
    Figure 2 illustrates in principle the machin ing of the face gear wheel 1 by means of a twin slotting tool or impact chisel 8. The twin slotting tool 8 is provided with a pair of cut ting edges (9,9') situated on the outer side of the tool and adapted to finish to size, and also with a pair of inwardly situated roughing out edges (10,10') which rough out the res pective tooth sides facing the first mentioned sides to a certain offset or excess size. The work here progresses by the single dividing method.
    The treatment according to Figure 3 pro gresses in a similar manner. In this case the tool is a pair of interlinked side milling cutters
    11 each having an outer cutting edge for finishing to size and an inner edge for rough ing out work. Again the work progresses by the single step divisional method.
    A continuous process is obtained with the aid of a self generating or hobbing milling cutter 12. The process resembles the conventional gear milling process by hobbing however, the milling cutter is ground free, or cut away in such a way that in each case only the two relatively parallel tooth sides are cut to size whereas the other flanks are simply roughed out.
    WHAT WE CLAIM IS:- 1. A gear assembly comprising two toothed wheels whereof the axes of rotation lie in the same plane and are at right angles to each other, one of the toothed wheels comprising a pinion having straight spur gearing and the other toothed wheel comprising a planar face wheel having straight gear teeth on a front face thereof, the arrangement being such that the inner sides of respective gear teeth of the face wheel which are situated at opposite ends of the arc over which gear teeth of the pinion and the gear face are in mesh, are parallel to.
    each other.
  2. 2. A method of making a planar face wheel gear having straight gear teeth on a front face thereof for use in the gear assembly as claimed
    in Claim 1 wherein said inner sides of the teeth which are parallel to each other are machined simultaneously with each other.
  3. 3. A method of manufacturing a planar face wheel gear having straight gear teeth on a front face thereof for use in the gear assembly as claimed in Claim 1 using a gear fashioning tool having a cutting edge adapted to cut said inner tooth sides to the desired size, other cutting edges provided on the tool having been ground or cut away in order that use of the tool on the planar face wheel gear gives an excess of material on the other tooth sides facing each of said inner tooth sides.
  4. 4. The method as claimed in Claim 2 or Claim 3 wherein the machining of said teeth inner sides is performed by a single step division.
  5. 5. The method as claimed in Claim 2 or Claim 3 wherein the machining is performed by self generating hobbing.
  6. 6. A method of making a planar face wheel gear as claimed in Claim 2 or Claim 3 by using a twin slotting tool.
  7. 7. A method of making a planar face wheel gear as claimed in Claim 2 or Claim 3 by cutting said faces with a pair of interlinked side milling cutters.
  8. 8. A method of making a planar face wheel gear as claimed in Claim 2 or Claim 3 wherein said tooth sides are machined or cut using an hob or self generating milling cutter.
  9. 9. A gear assembly substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
  10. 10. A method of making a planar face wheel gear substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as illustrated in Figure 2 of the accompanying drawings.
  11. 11. A method of making a planar face wheel gear substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as illustrated in Figure 3 of the accompanying drawings.
  12. 12. A method of making a planar face wheel gear substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as illustrated in Figure 4 of the accompanying drawings.
GB313078A 1977-01-26 1978-01-26 Planar face wheel gears and gear assemblies Expired GB1586548A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19772703039 DE2703039C3 (en) 1977-01-26 1977-01-26 Gear bevel gear

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB1586548A true GB1586548A (en) 1981-03-18

Family

ID=5999524

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB313078A Expired GB1586548A (en) 1977-01-26 1978-01-26 Planar face wheel gears and gear assemblies

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JP (1) JPS5393243A (en)
DE (1) DE2703039C3 (en)
FR (1) FR2378989B1 (en)
GB (1) GB1586548A (en)
IT (1) IT1117533B (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5411431A (en) * 1991-01-09 1995-05-02 Crown Gear, B.V. Method for crown gear grinding by generation
CN103418853A (en) * 2012-05-16 2013-12-04 株式会社小笠原精密工程 Tool for cutting gear and method for cutting gear

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2505959A1 (en) * 1981-05-12 1982-11-19 Guizard Jean Gear train comprising pinion and crown wheel - has complementary teeth on exteriors of both elements but with differing angles between flanks of teeth
JPS58155138U (en) * 1982-04-12 1983-10-17 ミツミ電機株式会社 Crankshaft fixing structure in push-button tuner
NL8503359A (en) * 1985-12-05 1987-07-01 Kuiken Nv CROWN GEAR.

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DD7287A (en) *
FR479854A (en) * 1914-10-06 1916-05-19 William Lynde Harrison Improvements to gear transmissions
DE745105C (en) * 1942-08-17 1944-02-26 Schwaebische Zahnradwerke G M Use of two profiled grinding wheels arranged parallel to each other in the same axial alignment for grinding the flanks of externally toothed gears
DE1096718B (en) * 1948-03-01 1961-01-05 Fellows Gear Shaper Co Process for the production of crown wheels or plan wheels
US3184988A (en) * 1963-02-12 1965-05-25 Joseph J Osplack Involute face gearing and involute internal conical gearing
CH406077A (en) * 1963-08-23 1965-09-30 Leo Glocker Paul Toothed mobile for angle gear in a clockwork movement
AT291702B (en) * 1968-10-15 1971-07-26 Helmut Joerg Angular gear
GB1340729A (en) * 1970-11-18 1974-01-30 Suwa Seikosha Kk Gearing e g in a timepiece

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5411431A (en) * 1991-01-09 1995-05-02 Crown Gear, B.V. Method for crown gear grinding by generation
CN103418853A (en) * 2012-05-16 2013-12-04 株式会社小笠原精密工程 Tool for cutting gear and method for cutting gear
CN103418853B (en) * 2012-05-16 2016-12-21 株式会社小笠原精密工程 Gear cutting tool and gear cutting method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2703039B2 (en) 1980-12-18
JPS5393243A (en) 1978-08-16
DE2703039A1 (en) 1978-07-27
FR2378989B1 (en) 1985-07-19
DE2703039C3 (en) 1985-11-21
JPS553585B2 (en) 1980-01-25
IT1117533B (en) 1986-02-17
FR2378989A1 (en) 1978-08-25

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PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee