GB1421401A - Planar optical waveguides - Google Patents
Planar optical waveguidesInfo
- Publication number
- GB1421401A GB1421401A GB1526373A GB1526373A GB1421401A GB 1421401 A GB1421401 A GB 1421401A GB 1526373 A GB1526373 A GB 1526373A GB 1526373 A GB1526373 A GB 1526373A GB 1421401 A GB1421401 A GB 1421401A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- coating
- glass
- substrate
- thickness
- index
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title abstract 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract 25
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract 21
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 abstract 20
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract 11
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 abstract 6
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 abstract 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910005793 GeO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910021193 La 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000005350 fused silica glass Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B6/13—Integrated optical circuits characterised by the manufacturing method
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B19/00—Other methods of shaping glass
- C03B19/14—Other methods of shaping glass by gas- or vapour- phase reaction processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/02—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with glass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/3411—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions with at least two coatings of inorganic materials
- C03C17/3417—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions with at least two coatings of inorganic materials all coatings being oxide coatings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C23/00—Other surface treatment of glass not in the form of fibres or filaments
- C03C23/0005—Other surface treatment of glass not in the form of fibres or filaments by irradiation
- C03C23/0025—Other surface treatment of glass not in the form of fibres or filaments by irradiation by a laser beam
Abstract
1421401 Planar optical waveguides CORNING GLASS WORKS 29 March 1973 [30 March 1972 (2)] 15263/73 Heading C1M [Also in Division G2] A method of forming a planar optical waveguide for light propagation comprises the steps of providing a substantially flat glass substrate; applying a first coating of glass having an index of refraction greater than that of said glass substrate to at least a portion of one flat surface of said substrate, said first coating of glass having an outer exposed surface substantially parallel to said one flat surface of said substrate, the width of said first coating being the dimension perpendicular to both said thickness and the light propagation axis of said first coating; and applying a second coating of glass having an index of refraction less than that of the first coating of glass over at least the outer exposed surface of the first coating of glass, the thickness of the first coating of glass for any desired finite width thereof being equal to or less than the thickness a determined in accordance with one of the following equations for TM om modes (m even integer), TM om modes (m odd integer), TE om (m even integer) and TE om modes (m odd integer) respectively where m # 10 and is the highest order mode to be propagated within a waveguide the first coating of which has thickness a and an infinite width, X is the wavelength of light to be propagated within said waveguide; n 2 is the index of refraction of said first coating, and one of n 1 and n 3 being the index of refraction of said substrate while the other of n 1 and n 3 being the index of refraction of the second coating of glass, the thickness of the first coating of glass being calculable as above where the propagation constant of the waveguide is equal to or less than K 1 , where K 1 is greater than K 3 and where K 1 = 2#n 1 /#, K 2 = 2#n 2 /# and K 3 = 2#n 3 /#, the thickness of said substrate and the second coating of glass each being at least twice the thickness of said first coating of glass. The first and second coatings of glass may be formed by the steps of depositing a layer of glass soot on at least a portion of one flat surface of said substrate by flame hydrolysis, the deposited soot either being sintered simultaneously with the deposition thereof or by a subsequent heating operation. Alternatively the first and second coatings of glass may be formed by depositing doped fused silica soot, the dopant being TiO 2 , Ta 2 O 5 , tin oxide, Nb 2 O 5 , ZrO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , La 2 O 3 , GeO 2 and B 2 O 3 . For example Al 2 O 3 may be present in preferably not more than 40% by weight and the TiO 2 should be maintained below 20% by weight. The first and second coatings may also be applied by a chemical vapour deposition technique or by applying a glass frit. In one embodiment the coatings are applied by using a burner which emits a flame in which a gasvapour mixture is hydrolysed to form a soot, the substrate being suitably mounted so that it can be translated so that a uniform thickness of soot is applied. In another embodiment (Fig. 5) the first coating 26 is applied in a narrow path, e.g having a width to thickness ratio of less than 10. A second coating 30 is applied over both the outer exposed surface 32 as well as the exposed side edges of coating 26. In another embodiment a laser beam is directed towards the first coating and a relative motion between the laser beam and the substrate is caused thereby producing a path of sintered glass. The unsintered portion of the first coating is removed from the substrate whereafter a layer of glass having an index of refraction less than that of the first coating may be applied over the path of sintered glass and at least a portion of the exposed surface of the substrate which is adjacent thereto. The specific example is concerned with the preparation of a planar optical waveguide the first glass layer consisting of 98% by weight SiO 2 and 2% by weight TiO 2 and the second layer of pure silica. After coating the structure is placed in an induction furnace having an oxygen atmosphere at 1500‹ C. to sinter the first and second soot layers.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US23974572A | 1972-03-30 | 1972-03-30 | |
| US00239701A US3806223A (en) | 1972-03-30 | 1972-03-30 | Planar optical waveguide |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB1421401A true GB1421401A (en) | 1976-01-21 |
Family
ID=26932775
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1526373A Expired GB1421401A (en) | 1972-03-30 | 1973-03-29 | Planar optical waveguides |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0361163B2 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2313202C2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2178176B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1421401A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7304380A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2180667A (en) * | 1985-09-23 | 1987-04-01 | Gen Electric Plc | Manufacture of channel waveguides |
| US4676820A (en) * | 1982-10-05 | 1987-06-30 | Compagnie Lyonnaise De Transmissions | Optical waveguide fabrication method |
| GB2186386A (en) * | 1986-02-07 | 1987-08-12 | Gen Electric Plc | Optical channel waveguides |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH553428A (en) * | 1970-09-04 | 1974-08-30 | Ciba Geigy Ag | USE OF QUINOXALINES AS A HYDROGEN TRANSFER. |
| JPS5342051A (en) * | 1976-09-28 | 1978-04-17 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Light wave guide |
| JPS5370839A (en) * | 1976-12-07 | 1978-06-23 | Fujitsu Ltd | Production of optical wave guide circuit |
| JPS5371845A (en) * | 1976-12-08 | 1978-06-26 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Optical wave guide thin film and its production |
| JPS5753701A (en) * | 1980-09-16 | 1982-03-30 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Volume lens |
| JPS57132137U (en) * | 1981-02-10 | 1982-08-17 | ||
| DK147064C (en) * | 1981-10-15 | 1984-10-22 | Int Ostomy Products Aps | VENTILATION UNIT FOR STOMIPOSE |
| JPS61158303A (en) * | 1984-12-29 | 1986-07-18 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Formation of quartz optical waveguide |
| DE3543002A1 (en) * | 1985-12-05 | 1987-06-11 | Bodenseewerk Geraetetech | METHOD FOR PRODUCING INTEGRATED-OPTICAL STRUCTURES IN GLASS |
| US9133050B2 (en) * | 2008-11-13 | 2015-09-15 | Corning Incorporated | Glass bodies and methods of making |
| CN108817686A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2018-11-16 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Substrate placing stage and cutter device |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3386787A (en) * | 1963-10-25 | 1968-06-04 | Hazeltine Research Inc | Macroscopic optical waveguides |
| SE346873B (en) * | 1968-05-17 | 1972-07-17 | Western Electric Co | |
| CA951555A (en) * | 1970-05-11 | 1974-07-23 | Robert D. Maurer | Glass optical waveguide |
| US3711262A (en) | 1970-05-11 | 1973-01-16 | Corning Glass Works | Method of producing optical waveguide fibers |
| US3674336A (en) | 1970-08-28 | 1972-07-04 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Light wave coupling into thin film light guides with bragg type gratings |
-
1973
- 1973-03-16 DE DE19732313202 patent/DE2313202C2/en not_active Expired
- 1973-03-28 JP JP48035570A patent/JPH0361163B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1973-03-29 FR FR7311332A patent/FR2178176B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1973-03-29 GB GB1526373A patent/GB1421401A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-03-29 NL NL7304380A patent/NL7304380A/xx unknown
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4676820A (en) * | 1982-10-05 | 1987-06-30 | Compagnie Lyonnaise De Transmissions | Optical waveguide fabrication method |
| GB2180667A (en) * | 1985-09-23 | 1987-04-01 | Gen Electric Plc | Manufacture of channel waveguides |
| GB2180667B (en) * | 1985-09-23 | 1989-09-13 | Gen Electric Plc | The manufacture of channel waveguides |
| GB2186386A (en) * | 1986-02-07 | 1987-08-12 | Gen Electric Plc | Optical channel waveguides |
| GB2186386B (en) * | 1986-02-07 | 1989-11-01 | Gen Electric Plc | Optical channel waveguides |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NL7304380A (en) | 1973-10-02 |
| JPS4910054A (en) | 1974-01-29 |
| FR2178176A1 (en) | 1973-11-09 |
| JPH0361163B2 (en) | 1991-09-19 |
| DE2313202A1 (en) | 1973-10-11 |
| DE2313202C2 (en) | 1985-09-05 |
| FR2178176B1 (en) | 1976-06-11 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PS | Patent sealed | ||
| PLE | Entries relating assignments, transmissions, licences in the register of patents | ||
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |