GB1104182A - Crystalline material - Google Patents
Crystalline materialInfo
- Publication number
- GB1104182A GB1104182A GB773465A GB773465A GB1104182A GB 1104182 A GB1104182 A GB 1104182A GB 773465 A GB773465 A GB 773465A GB 773465 A GB773465 A GB 773465A GB 1104182 A GB1104182 A GB 1104182A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- solid
- heat
- phase
- eutectic
- crystallizing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
- F41G7/00—Direction control systems for self-propelled missiles
- F41G7/20—Direction control systems for self-propelled missiles based on continuous observation of target position
- F41G7/22—Homing guidance systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G1/00—Methods of preparing compounds of metals not covered by subclasses C01B, C01C, C01D, or C01F, in general
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C28/00—Alloys based on a metal not provided for in groups C22C5/00 - C22C27/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B21/00—Unidirectional solidification of eutectic materials
- C30B21/02—Unidirectional solidification of eutectic materials by normal casting or gradient freezing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
- F41G7/00—Direction control systems for self-propelled missiles
- F41G7/20—Direction control systems for self-propelled missiles based on continuous observation of target position
- F41G7/22—Homing guidance systems
- F41G7/2253—Passive homing systems, i.e. comprising a receiver and do not requiring an active illumination of the target
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
- F41G7/00—Direction control systems for self-propelled missiles
- F41G7/20—Direction control systems for self-propelled missiles based on continuous observation of target position
- F41G7/22—Homing guidance systems
- F41G7/2273—Homing guidance systems characterised by the type of waves
- F41G7/2293—Homing guidance systems characterised by the type of waves using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
Abstract
An infra-red transmitting non-cleaving multi-component multi-phase crystalline body, in which the largest ratio of solid-phase refractive indices is 1-1.5, is produced by mixing ingredients at least two of which are capable of forming a eutectic, and crystallizing from a melt to which heat is added in an amount of over 1,000 times the latent heat of the solid formed. Each ingredient may be a metal or metal compound. The cation may be aluminium, barium, cadmium, calcium, caesium, chromium, cobalt, copper, iron, lithium, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, potassium, rubidium, silver, sodium, strontium, titanium, zinc, or zirconium. The anion of the compound may be hydroxyl, (oxide), carbonate, sulphate, nitrate, sulphide, fluoride, chloride, bromide, iodide, cyanide, thiocyanate, chlorate, iodate, phosphate, or tungstate. A scavenger may also be present, e.g. manganese, cobalt, or lead fluoride.ALSO:An infra-red transmitting non-cleaving multi-component multi-phase crystalline body, in which the largest ratio of solid-phase refractive indices is 1-1.5, is produced by mixing ingredients at least two of which are capable of forming a eutectic, and crystallizing from a melt to which heat is added in an amount of over 1,000 times the latent heat of the solid formed. In the examples, a crucible is slowly withdrawn downwards from a furnace (Stockbarger method). The Czochralski and Verneuil methods are also referred to.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL6503166A NL6503166A (en) | 1965-03-12 | 1965-03-12 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB1104182A true GB1104182A (en) | 1968-02-21 |
Family
ID=19792643
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB773465A Expired GB1104182A (en) | 1965-03-12 | 1965-02-23 | Crystalline material |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
GB (1) | GB1104182A (en) |
NL (1) | NL6503166A (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10142651A1 (en) * | 2001-08-31 | 2003-03-27 | Schott Glas | Making crystals with high radiation resistance and minimal scattering properties, for e.g. laser optics, employs fluorine-based reaction gas and scavenger |
DE102010044017A1 (en) | 2010-11-17 | 2012-05-24 | Carl Zeiss Smt Gmbh | Preparation of radiation-resistant fluoride crystals, in particular of calcium fluoride crystals |
-
1965
- 1965-02-23 GB GB773465A patent/GB1104182A/en not_active Expired
- 1965-03-12 NL NL6503166A patent/NL6503166A/xx unknown
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10142651A1 (en) * | 2001-08-31 | 2003-03-27 | Schott Glas | Making crystals with high radiation resistance and minimal scattering properties, for e.g. laser optics, employs fluorine-based reaction gas and scavenger |
DE10142651B4 (en) * | 2001-08-31 | 2007-04-26 | Schott Ag | Process for the preparation of highly homogeneous radiation-resistant, dispersion-free single crystals, an ingot obtained therefrom and their use |
DE10142651C5 (en) * | 2001-08-31 | 2009-04-23 | Schott Ag | Process for the preparation of highly homogeneous radiation-resistant, dispersion-free single crystals, an ingot obtained therefrom and their use |
DE102010044017A1 (en) | 2010-11-17 | 2012-05-24 | Carl Zeiss Smt Gmbh | Preparation of radiation-resistant fluoride crystals, in particular of calcium fluoride crystals |
US9194057B2 (en) | 2010-11-17 | 2015-11-24 | Carl Zeiss Smt Gmbh | Production of radiation-resistant fluoride crystals, in particular calcium fluoride crystals |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NL6503166A (en) | 1966-09-13 |
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